UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
S ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JANUARY 1, 2012
OR
£TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 000-22671
QUICKLOGIC CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 77-0188504 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) | |
1277 Orleans Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94089
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (408) 990-4000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class | Name of Exchange on which Registered | |
Common Stock, $0.001 par value | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC | |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Smaller Reporting Company o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No x
The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of July 3, 2011, the Registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $138,377,754 based upon the last sales price reported for such date on the Nasdaq Global Market. For purposes of this disclosure, shares of common stock held by persons who hold more than 5% of the outstanding shares of common stock and shares held by executive officers and directors of the registrant have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination is not necessarily conclusive.
At March 5, 2012, the Registrant had 38,659,885 shares of common stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III of this Form 10-K incorporate information by reference from the Proxy Statement for the Registrant's Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on or about April 26, 2012.
QUICKLOGIC CORPORATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENT
This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the information contained in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations", as well as information contained in “Risk Factors” in Item 1A and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. We intend that these forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbors created by those provisions. Forward-looking statements are generally written in the future tense and/or are preceded by words such as “will,” “may,” “should,” “forecast,” “could,” “expect,” “suggest,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” or other similar words. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding (1) our revenue levels, including the commercial success of our Customer Specific Standard Products, or CSSPs, and new products, (2) the conversion of our design opportunities into revenue, (3) our liquidity, (4) our gross profit and breakeven revenue level and factors that affect gross profit and the breakeven revenue level, (5) our level of operating expenses, (6) our research and development efforts, (7) our partners and suppliers and (8) industry trends.
The forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report involve a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside of our control. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from projected results include, but are not limited to, risks associated with (i) the conversion of CSSP design opportunities into revenue, (ii) the commercial and technical success of our CSSPs and new products such as ArcticLink®, ArcticLink II, ArcticLink III, PolarPro®, and PolarPro II and our successful introduction of products and CSSPs incorporating emerging technologies or standards, (iii) the adverse affects of the slow recovery from the recent worldwide economic downturn, (iv) the liquidity required to support our future operating and capital requirements, (v) our ability to accurately estimate quarterly revenue, (vi) our dependence on our relationship with TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd., or TowerJazz, and (vii) our dependence upon single suppliers to fabricate and assemble our products. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report are reasonable, any of the assumptions could be inaccurate, and therefore there can be no assurance that such statements will be accurate. The risks, uncertainties and assumptions referred to above that could cause our results to differ materially from the results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A hereto and the risks, uncertainties and assumptions discussed from time to time in our other public filings and public announcements. All forward-looking statements included in this document are based on information available to us as of the date hereof. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the results or conditions described in such statements or our objectives and plans will be achieved. Furthermore, past performance in operations and share price is not necessarily indicative of future performance. We disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview
QuickLogic Corporation was founded in 1988 and reincorporated in Delaware in 1999. We develop and market low power customizable semiconductor solutions that enable customers to add new features, extend battery life, and improve the visual experience with their mobile, consumer and enterprise products. We are a fabless semiconductor company that designs, markets, and supports primarily Customer Specific Standard Products, or CSSPs, and, secondarily, Field Programmable Gate Arrays, or FPGAs, associated design software and programming hardware. Our CSSPs are customized semiconductor solutions created from our new solution platforms including ArcticLink® III, ArcticLink II, ArcticLink, PolarPro® II, PolarPro, and Eclipse II (all of which fall into our new product category); our mature products include primarily pASIC® 3, QuickRAM® and QuickPCI, as well as royalty revenue, programming hardware and design software.
CSSPs are complete, customer-specific solutions that include a unique combination of our silicon solution platforms, proven system blocks, or PSBs, custom logic, software drivers, and in some cases, firmware, and application software. All of our solution platforms are standard silicon products and must be programmed to be effective in a system. Our PSBs range from intellectual property, or IP, which improves multimedia content, such as our Visual Enhancement Engine, or VEE, and Display Power Optimizer, or DPO, to IP which implements commonly used mobile system interfaces, such as Secure Digital Input Output, or SDIO, Universal Serial Bus 2.0 On-The-Go, or USB 2.0 OTG, and Mobile Display Digital Interface, or MDDI, to IP that accelerates sideloading speeds in mobile devices. We provide complete solutions by first architecting the solution jointly with our customer's engineering group, selecting the appropriate solution platform and PSBs, providing custom logic, integrating the logic, programming the device with the PSBs and/or firmware, providing software drivers or application software required for the customer's application, and participating with the customer on-site during integration, verification and testing.
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We pioneered and introduced CSSPs in the first quarter of 2007. CSSPs are developed for specific power sensitive applications that have differentiated features in terms of IP, intelligent data processing or connectivity requirements. Our customers value our ability to provide a range of CSSPs from a single platform design by incorporating different features in the programmable fabric of our solution platforms. Customers value the expertise we bring to design our CSSP to optimize for power and performance within our customers' constraints. Customers also value the flexibility of programmable fabric to address specific hardware-based product requirements. By providing customized solutions for our customers, we increase their ability to meet the time-to-market and time-in-market pressures associated with their markets.
The majority of our CSSP solution platforms and our other product offerings, are based on our patented ViaLink® metal-to-metal programmable technology. ViaLink provides flexible energy efficient devices and solutions that deliver the high performance, high reliability, IP security and instant-on features that our customers value.
We offer a range of CSSPs built on our ArcticLink III, ArcticLink II, ArcticLink, PolarPro II, PolarPro, and Eclipse II solution platform families. During 2009, our engineering teams developed multiple CSSPs using the PolarPro II platform for the 3G USB modem segment that entered into production during the fourth quarter of 2009 which made up for a significant percentage of our revenue during 2010 and 2011.
During 2011, we announced our third generation solution platform, ArcticLink III VX, embedding our VEE/DPO technologies. ArcticLink III VX combines mixed signal physical layers, and a hard-wired logicon one device. Mixed signal capability supports the trend toward high-speed serial connectivity in mobile applications, where designers benefit from lower pin counts, simplified printed circuit boards, or PCBs, layout, simplified PCB interconnect and reduced signal noise. Adding hard-wired intellectual property enables us to deliver more logic per die area at the most power-efficient levels in a small form factor package.
We have changed our manufacturing strategies to reduce the cost of our silicon solution platforms to enable their use in high volume, mass customization products. Our PolarPro II and PolarPro solution platforms include an innovative logic cell architecture, which enables us to deliver twice the programmable logic in the same die size. Our ArcticLink II and ArcticLink solution platforms combine mixed signal physical layers and hard-wired logic alongside programmable fabric. Our ArcticLink III solution platform is manufactured on an advanced process node where we can benefit from smaller die sizes. We typically implement sophisticated logic blocks and mixed signal functions in hard-wired logic because it is very cost effective and energy efficient. ArcticLink II and ArcticLink combine cost effective physical layers and hard-wired logic with the flexibility, time-to-market and time-in-market advantages of programmable logic. We have developed small form factor packages, which are less expensive to manufacture and include smaller pin counts. Reduced pin counts result in lower costs associated with our customer's printed circuit board space and routing. Our ability to sell programmed die as CSSPs greatly reduces our costs, allowing us to participate in high volume opportunities. In addition, we have dramatically reduced the time we require to program and test our devices, which has reduced our costs and lowered the capital equipment required to program and test our devices. We expect to continue to invest in silicon solution platforms and manufacturing technologies which make us cost effective for high volume applications.
In addition to working directly with our customers, we partner with other companies that are experts in certain technologies to develop additional intellectual property, reference platforms and system software to provide application solutions. We also work with mobile processor manufacturers and companies that supply storage, networking or graphics components for embedded systems. The depth of these relationships varies depending on the partner and the dynamics of the end market being targeted, but is typically a co-marketing relationship that includes joint account calls, promotional activities and/or engineering collaboration and developments, such as reference designs.
Our business is in transition. In addition to competition in the semiconductor market, two other factors affect our future growth: an expected increase in revenue should our CSSP strategy prove successful and an expected decline in revenue from mature products. CSSP revenue is included in our new product revenue. New products contributed 25% of total revenue, as of January 1, 2012. In order to maintain or grow our revenue from its current level, we are dependent upon increased revenue from our existing products, especially CSSPs utilizing our ArcticLink III, ArcticLink II, ArcticLink, and PolarPro II, and PolarPro solution platforms, and the development and marketing of additional new products and solutions.
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Available Information
Our corporate headquarters are located at 1277 Orleans Drive, Sunnyvale, California 94089. We can be reached at (408) 990-4000, and our website address is www.quicklogic.com. Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “QUIK”. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to such reports are available, free of charge, on our website home page as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such materials with, or furnish them to, the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Copies of the materials filed by the Company with the SEC are also available at the Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C., 20549. Information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room is available by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issues that we file electronically with the SEC are also available on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.
Industry Background
Consumer Electronic, or CE, products are a strong growth market for semiconductor products, and the needs of this market bring a unique set of requirements. One important trend in this market is toward mobile, handheld devices with wireless capability. Important industry trends affecting the large market for mobile devices include the need for high bandwidth that enables the same user experience consumers are accustomed to on the personal computer, or PC, such as internet browsing, social networking and streaming video, product miniaturization and the need to increase battery life. Many of these product requirements were driven from the launch and widely publicized success of the Apple iPhone and Apple iPad. While there continue to be additional deployments in the network operator infrastructure that support the bandwidth required for these use cases, there are demographic and geographic specific product features that share this infrastructure. These product features put a burden on the designers and manufactures of these mobile CE products as they try to tailor multiple products with limited engineering resources. Lastly, the fast pace at which the consumer taste for these features changes exacerbates the development challenges and risk in launching successful products to the marketplace.
Another important trend is shrinking product life cycles. This drives a need for faster, lower risk product development. There is intense pressure on the bill of materials, or BOM, cost of these devices, including per unit component costs and non-recurring development costs. As more people experience the advantages of a mobile lifestyle at home, they demand the same advantages in their professional lives. Therefore, we believe that the trends toward mobile, handheld products which have a PC-like user experience, small form factor and maximize battery life will be prominent in the computing, industrial, medical and military markets. One such example is the trend of Notebook and Laptop makers to come out with the new, smaller form factor Tablets.
These industry trends are shifting the demand among different classes of core silicon. The three main classes of non-memory core silicon are:
• | Application Specific Standard Products, or ASSPs - ASSPs, other than processors, are fixed function devices designed to address a relatively narrow set of applications. These devices typically integrate a number of common peripherals or functions and the functionality of these devices is fixed prior to wafer fabrication; |
• | Programmable Logic Devices, or PLDs - PLDs are general purpose devices, which can be used by a variety of electronic systems manufacturers and are customized after purchase for a specific application. FPGAs are a subset of this category which are typically used to implement complex system functions; and |
• | Application Specific Integrated Circuits, or ASICs - ASICs are custom devices designed and fabricated to meet the needs of one specific application for one end-customer. Structured ASICs, a sub-category of ASICs, provide a limited amount of custom content to broaden the applicability of a device for additional applications. |
ASSPs are offered broadly to the market, so it is challenging for a system designer to create differentiated products from these devices alone. In many situations the available ASSPs may not directly implement the desired function and the system designer is required to use a combination of ASSPs to achieve the desired result at the expense of increased cost, product size and power consumption. As standards evolve or new standards are developed, ASSPs may not be available to implement desired functions.
System designers can customize their products using programmable logic or ASICs. The competitive dynamic between these classes of core silicon are well understood. High development risks, development costs and opportunity costs are incurred when using ASICs to produce custom devices with very low unit production cost. Suppliers of programmable logic
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devices, which have lower development and market risks and development costs relative to ASICs, have aggressively reduced the unit cost of their products over time, making programmable logic devices the solution of choice for custom products unless the volume is very high. These cost reduction efforts have significantly increased the volume required to justify the total cost of an ASIC.
The consumer market, especially the mobile device market, is not well served by mainstream core silicon. Consumer devices incorporate complex, rapidly changing technology, require rapid product proliferation, and have short product life and development cycles. Therefore, most mobile designers design their products from a base platform, or reference design, provided to them by the vendor of the processor they have selected for their design. To differentiate their products from their competition, Original Equipment Manufacturers, or OEMs and Original Design Manufacturers, or ODMs, may require some level of customization at either the hardware or software level. Designers have only a few viable options to modify the base platform for their needs. Since mobile system designers require very low power consumption to maximize battery life in their applications, the high power consumption of FPGAs is incompatible with their design goals. This effectively limits the average mobile system designer to ASSPs and small PLDs, creates a virtual level playing field among mobile system designers, and makes product proliferation and differentiation extremely hard to achieve. ASICs with their long development cycles, long lead times and high non-recurring development costs are only used in very high volume mainstream consumer products.
The traditional military and industrial markets are well served by existing core silicon. Much of this market uses complex ASSPs since price, power and size are not particularly critical design considerations. When there is a strong need for a custom solution in high volume applications, designers turn to an ASIC and, in low to medium volume applications, they use FPGAs. QuickLogic FPGAs have a loyal following in certain segments of these markets, particularly when instant-on, energy efficiency, high reliability or intellectual property security is important. These markets are expected to follow a typical mature product trend, as compared with the predicted growth in our CSSP business in the consumer market.
Markets and Product Technology
We market CSSPs primarily to mobile device OEMs and ODMs. CSSPs are complete solutions incorporating our ArcticLink II and III VX, ArcticLink II CX, ArcticLink, PolarPro II, PolarPro, and Eclipse II solution platforms, packaging, PSBs, custom logic, software drivers and our architecture consulting. We partner with target customers in our focus markets to architect and design CSSPs and to integrate and test our CSSPs in our customers' products. A CSSP is based on our programmable technology, which enables customized designs, low power, flexibility, rapid time-to-market, longer time-in-market and lower total cost of ownership. From a mobile system designer's perspective, a CSSP's function is known and complete, and can consequently be designed into systems with a minimum amount of effort and risk. We are capable of providing complete solutions because of our investment in developing the low power PSBs and software required to implement specific functions. Because we are involved with our customers at the definition stage of their products, we are able to architect solutions that typically have more than one PSB, absorbing more functionality traditionally implemented with multiple ASSPs. In cases where our CSSP has multiple PSBs, significant system performance or battery life improvements can be realized by enabling direct data transfers between the PSBs. In some cases, we develop the PSBs and either software or firmware ourselves and, in other cases, we utilize third parties to develop the mixed signal physical layers, logic and/or software.
We market CSSPs to OEMs and ODMs offering differentiated mobile products. Our target mobile markets include: Tablets, Smartphones, Broadband Access Data cards, Secure Access Data cards, and Mobile Enterprise.
Our new products are also being used in applications in our traditional markets, such as data communications, instrumentation and test and military-aerospace, where customers value the low power consumption, instant-on, IP security, reliability and fast time-to-market of our products.
The fact that we use our programmable technology to customize these CSSPs provides two advantages over conventional ASSPs that are based on ASIC technology. Foremost is the fact that our CSSPs can be tailored for a specific customer's requirements. Once we have developed PSBs, it is easy to combine PSBs and utilize the remaining programmable logic to provide a unique set of features to a mobile system designer, or to add other functions to the CSSP, such as Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter, or UARTs, keyboard scanning functions, and Serial Peripheral Interface, or SPI ports, which minimizes system size and cost. We are able to develop these CSSPs from a common solution platform, and partner with system designers to implement a range of solutions, or products, that address different geographic and market requirements. Finally, by using programmable technology instead of ASIC technology, we reduce the development time, development risk and total cost of ownership and are able to bring solutions to market far quicker than other custom silicon alternatives.
Conventional FPGA technologies which are based on traditional SRAM or flash technology are not well suited to implementing CSSPs for the mobile device market. These conventional programmable logic architectures consume more
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power, especially in standby mode, making them unsuitable for battery powered devices. They may also require a separate configuration memory, which increases the total size and cost of the solution. Traditional SRAM based programmable logic is not 'instant-on', which significantly complicates system design, increases power consumption and typically results in increased development time, risk and cost.
By using CSSPs, PSBs, and our in-depth architecture knowledge, we can deliver energy efficient custom solutions that blend the benefits of traditional ASSPs with the flexibility, product proliferation, differentiation and low total cost of ownership advantages of programmable logic.
Our product technology consists of four major elements.
First, our programmable fabric allows us to hardware customize our platforms. Our programmable fabric uses proprietary and patented technology to meet the specific needs of mobile products: low standby power, low dynamic power, small form factor, single chip solutions that power cycle easily and quickly. Hardware customization gives our devices the ability to execute key actions faster than software implementations, and at lower power.
Second, our ArcticLink solution platform combines mixed signal physical layers, hard-wired logic and programmable logic on one device. Mixed signal capability supports the trend toward serial connectivity in mobile applications, where designers benefit from lower pin counts, simplified PCB layout, simplified PCB interconnect and reduced signal noise. Adding hard-wired intellectual property enables us to deliver more logic at lower cost and lower power; while the programmable logic allows us to provide solutions that can be rapidly customized to differentiate products, add features and reduce system development costs. This combination of mixed signal, hard-wired logic and programmable logic enables us to deliver low cost, small form factor solutions that can be customized for particular customer or market requirements while lowering the total cost of ownership. The high routing density and flexibility of our ViaLink technology is critical to the efficient interface between the hard-wired logic and the programmable fabric. Our ArcticLink II CX solution platform includes an embedded 32-bit RISC CPU. By embedding QuickLogic-developed firmware, we can enable software differentiation as well as hardware differentiation for certain applications.
Third, we develop and integrate PSBs which are innovative IP cores, intelligent data processing IP cores, or standard interfaces used in mobile products. We offer:
• | Display and Visual Enhancement PSBs - such as VEE, DPO or LCD controller interfaces; |
• | Network PSBs - such as High Speed USB 2.0 OTG, high speed Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitters, or UARTs, to enable Bluetooth 2.x + EDR; |
• | Storage PSBs - such as Secure Digital High Capacity, or SDHC, boot from managed NAND, Hard Disk Drive and high performance compact flash interfaces; and |
• | Other PSBs - such as I2S, PCM, I2C, encryption, unique ID for digital rights management, or DRM, and general purpose interfaces. |
Fourth, our unique customer engagement model enables us to develop complete solutions for target customers who wish to bring differentiated, mobile products to market quickly and cost effectively. We partner with customers to define solutions specific to their requirements, and combine all of the above technologies using one of our solution platforms, PSBs, which are proven logic IP cores, custom logic, software drivers, firmware and application software. We then work with these customers to integrate and test CSSPs in their systems. The benefit of providing complete solutions is that we effectively become a virtual extension of our customers' engineering organization.
Marketing, Sales and Customers
We are a sub-system integrator that monetizes solutions through silicon sales. We specialize in enhancing the user experience in leading edge mobile devices and products. For our customers, we enable hardware differentiation quickly and cost effectively. For our partners, we expand their reach into new segments and new use cases thereby expanding their served available market for their existing devices.
Our objective is to empower mobile market leaders to achieve mass customization with innovative CSSPs. Market leading companies need to deliver new products quickly and cost effectively. We believe our programmable technology allows us to deliver customizable solutions with low power consumption and high IP security, while meeting system performance and
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BOM cost requirements. We believe our CSSPs enable OEMs and ODMs to rapidly bring new and differentiated products to market quickly and cost effectively. CSSPs enable energy and cost efficient solutions on design platforms from which a range of products can be introduced.
We recognize that our markets require a range of solutions, and we intend to work with market leading companies to combine silicon solution platforms, PSBs, packaging technology, software drivers and firmware to meet the product proliferation, high bandwidth, time-to-market, time-in-market and form factor requirements of mobile device manufacturers. We expect CSSPs to range from devices with mixed signal and visual enhancement capability to devices which provide off-load engines. We intend to continue to define and implement compelling CSSPs for our target customers.
As a part of our objective to empower mobile market leaders to achieve mass customization with innovative CSSPs, our business model includes a focused customer strategy in which we target market leading customers, who primarily serve the market for differentiated mobile products. Our belief is that a large majority of our revenue will ultimately come from less than 100 customers as we transition to this business model. We have identified and will continue to identify the customers we want to serve with CSSPs. We are currently in different stages of engagement with a number of these customers. We believe CSSPs are resonating with our target customers who value the platform design capability, rapid time-to-market, longer time-in-market and low total cost of ownership available through the use of CSSPs. We expect to expand our partner activities with top tier customers to define new silicon solution platforms and PSBs.
We sell our products through a network of sales managers in North America, Europe and Asia. In addition to our corporate headquarters in Sunnyvale, California, we have international sales operations in China, Taiwan, Japan and the United Kingdom. Our sales personnel and independent sales representatives are responsible for sales and application support for a given region, focusing on major strategic accounts.
Our customers typically order our products through our distributors. Currently, we have two distributors in North America and a network of fifteen distributors throughout Europe and Asia to support our international business.
We have a military, industrial and mobile product customer base that purchases our mature silicon products. We expect to continue to offer silicon devices to these customers.
Our largest customer (Honeywell International Inc.) represented 15% of revenue in 2011. In addition, a significant portion of our revenue comes from sales to customers located outside of the United States. Please see Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements for information on our revenue by geography, market segment and key customers.
In the past, there has not been a predictable seasonal pattern to our business. However, we may experience seasonal patterns in the future due to global economic conditions, the overall volatility of the semiconductor industry and the inherent seasonality of the mobile and consumer markets.
Backlog
We do not believe that backlog as of any particular date is indicative of future results. A majority of our quarterly shipments are typically booked during the quarter. Our sales are made primarily pursuant to standard purchase orders issued by OEM customers and distributors.
Competition
A number of companies offer products that compete with one or more of our products and solutions. Our existing competitors for CSSPs include: (i) suppliers of ASSPs such as Cypress Semiconductor; (ii) suppliers of mobile and/or application processors, such as MediaTek; and (iii) suppliers of ASICs, such as eASIC and NEC. Our existing competitors for FPGAs include: (a) suppliers of CPLDs, such as Lattice Semiconductor and Altera; and (b) suppliers of FPGAs, such as Altera and Xilinx.
ASSPs offer proven functionality which reduces development time, risk and cost, but it is difficult to offer a differentiated product using standard devices, and ASSPs that meet the system design objectives are not always available. Programmable logic may be used to create custom functions that provide product differentiation or make up for deficiencies in available ASSPs. PLDs require more designer input since the designer has to develop and integrate the IP and may have to develop the software to drive the IP. PLDs are more expensive and consume more power than ASSPs or ASICs, but they offer fast time-to-market and are typically reprogrammable. ASICs have a large development cost and risk and a long time to market. As a result ASICs are generally only used for single designs with very high volumes. CSSPs enable custom functions and
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system designs with fast time-to-market and longer time-in-market since they are customized by us using our solution platforms that contain programmable logic. In addition, because they are complete solutions, they reduce the system development cost and risk. Finally, CSSPs are very energy efficient as a result of our programmable logic and how we intelligently architect our PSBs. They are very suitable for OEMs or ODMs offering mobile differentiated products.
Research and Development
We are focused on developing CSSPs. CSSPs consist of a combination of our silicon platforms, PSBs, software drivers and fabric. Our future success will depend to a large extent on our ability to rapidly develop, enhance and introduce CSSPs that meet emerging industry standards and satisfy changing customer requirements. We have made and expect to continue to make substantial investments in research and development. Our research and development expenses in 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $9.8 million (47% of revenue), $7.5 million (29% of revenue) and $6.2 million (41% of revenue), respectively.
As of the end of 2011, our research and development staff consisted of 28 employees located in California, India, and Canada.
• | Our System Solutions Group, or SSG, is our internal group that provides system architecture and design services to create CSSPs for our customers. It develops PSBs, associated software drivers and firmware, and integrates them with our solution platforms that form the basis of our CSSPs. |
• | Our software group develops the design libraries, interface routines and place and route software that allow our system solution group, or SSG, and our FPGA customers to use third party design environments to develop designs that are incorporated into our programmable devices. |
• | Our ASSP design engineering group architects and specifies the solution platforms with the mixture of hard-wired logic and programmable fabric. This group then works with third-party design service companies that QuickLogic contracts for device development. |
• | Our programmable logic design engineering group develops low power programmable devices and analog circuits targeted for mobile or battery powered embedded systems that can be used in standalone solution platforms such as PolarPro II, or combined with standard functions in solution platforms such as ArcticLink III. |
• | Our product engineering group oversees product manufacturing and process development with our third party foundries, and is involved in ongoing process improvements to increase yields and optimize device characteristics. |
Manufacturing
We have close relationships with third party manufacturers for our wafer fabrication, package assembly, testing and programming requirements to help ensure stability in the supply of our products and to allow us to focus our internal efforts on product and solution design and sales.
We currently outsource our wafer manufacturing, primarily to TSMC, eSilicon and TowerJazz. TSMC manufactures our pASIC 3, QuickRAM and certain QuickPCI products using a four-layer metal, 0.35 micron complementary metal oxide semiconductor, or CMOS, process. TSMC also manufactures our Eclipse and other mature products using a five-layer metal, 0.25 micron CMOS process on eight-inch wafers. eSilicon manufacturers our ArcticLink III VX products using a 7-layer metal, 65nm CMOS process on twelve-inch wafers. TowerJazz manufactures our new products, using a six-layer metal, 0.18 micron CMOS process. We purchase products from TSMC, eSilicon,andTowerJazz on a purchase order basis. We outsource our product packaging, testing and programming primarily to Amkor Technology, Inc and Unisem (M) Berhard.
Outsourcing of wafer manufacturing enables us to take advantage of the high volume economies of scale offered by these suppliers. We may establish additional foundry relationships as such arrangements become economically useful or technically necessary.
Employees
As of January 1, 2012, we had a total of 81 employees worldwide. We believe our future success depends in part on our continued ability to attract, hire and retain qualified personnel. None of our employees are represented by a labor union and
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we believe our employee relations are favorable.
Intellectual Property
We believe that it is important to maintain a large patent portfolio to protect our innovations. We currently hold 84 U.S. patents and have two pending applications for additional U.S. patents containing claims covering various aspects of programmable integrated circuits, programmable interconnect structures and programmable metal devices. In Europe and Asia, we have been granted a total of 12 patents. Our issued patents expire between 2012 and 2028.
In most cases, revenue will decline from a decrease in demand for our mature products long before the expiration of pending or issued patents relating to the underlying technology in such products. The decision to cease maintaining a patent is determined on the importance of the patent in our current or future product offerings. To the extent that a patent is no longer used in our current products or is not expected to be used in our future products, we will cease maintaining a patent or otherwise let it expire.
We have six trademarks registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Executive Officers and Directors
Our executive officers are appointed by, and serve at the discretion of, our Board of Directors. There are no family relationships among our directors and officers.
The following table sets forth certain information concerning our current executive officers and directors as of March 5, 2012:
Name | Age | Position | |||
Andrew J. Pease | 61 | President and Chief Executive Officer; Director | |||
E. Thomas Hart | 70 | Executive Chairman of the Board | |||
Ajith Dasari | 41 | Vice President, Worldwide Engineering | |||
Brian Faith | 37 | Vice President, Worldwide Sales and Marketing | |||
Ralph S. Marimon | 54 | Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer | |||
Catriona Meney | 50 | Vice President, Human Resources and Development | |||
Timothy Saxe | 56 | Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer | |||
Michael J. Callahan | 76 | Director | |||
Michael R. Farese | 65 | Director | |||
Arturo Krueger | 72 | Director | |||
Christine Russell | 62 | Director | |||
Gary H. Tauss | 57 | Director | |||
Andrew J. Pease has served as a member of our Board of Directors since April 2011. He joined QuickLogic in November 2006 and has served as our President and Chief Executive Officer since January 2011 and as our President since March 2009. Prior to March 2009, Mr. Pease served as our Vice President of Worldwide Sales from November 2006. From July 2003 to June 2006, Mr. Pease was Senior Vice President of Worldwide Sales of Broadcom Corporation, a global leader in semiconductors for wired and wireless communications. From March 2000 to July 2003, Mr. Pease was Vice President of Sales at Syntricity, Inc., a company providing software and services to better manage semiconductor production yields and improve design-to-production processes. From 1984 to 1996, Mr. Pease served in a number of sales positions at Advanced Micro Devices, or AMD, a global semiconductor manufacturer, where his last assignment was Group Director, Worldwide Headquarters Sales and Operations. Mr. Pease previously held Vice President of Sales positions at Integrated Systems Inc., an embedded software manufacturer (1996-1997), and Vantis Corporation, a programmable logic subsidiary of AMD (1997-1999). Mr. Pease holds a B.S. degree from the United States Naval Academy and an M.S. in computer science from the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California.
E. Thomas Hart has served as a member of our Board of Directors since June 1994, and as our Chairman since April 2001. Mr. Hart has served as QuickLogic's Executive Chairman of the Board since January 3, 2011. He served as our
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Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer from March 2009 to January 2011 and as our President and Chief Executive Officer from June 1994 to March 2009. Prior to joining QuickLogic, Mr. Hart was Vice President and General Manager of the Advanced Networks Division at National Semiconductor Corporation, a semiconductor manufacturing company, where he worked from September 1992 to June 1994. Prior to joining National Semiconductor, Mr. Hart was a private consultant from February 1986 to September 1992 with Hart Weston International, a technology-based management consulting firm. Prior experience includes senior level management responsibilities in semiconductor operations, engineering, sales and marketing with several companies including Motorola, Inc., an electronics provider, and National Semiconductor. Mr. Hart holds a B.S.E.E. degree from the University of Washington.
Ajith Dasari joined QuickLogic in July 2002 and has served as our Vice President of Worldwide Engineering since 2006, Senior Director of Engineering since 2005 and Director of Software Development since 2002. Prior to joining QuickLogic Mr. Dasari served in several product development positions from 1994 to 2002, most recently as the senior software manager in the Programmable System Level Integration group at Atmel Corporation, an advanced semiconductor manufacturing company. Prior experience includes a position in software development at Analogy, Inc., a developer of mixed signal simulation tools. Mr. Dasari holds a BSEE degree in electronics and communication from Nagarjuna University in India.
Brian Faith joined QuickLogic in June of 1996 and has served as our Vice President of Worldwide Sales and Marketing since April 2011 and our Vice President of Worldwide Marketing since November 2008. From 2001 through 2008, Mr. Faith served in various marketing positions including Vice President of Solutions Marketing and Senior Director of Marketing. Prior to 2001, Mr. Faith was an Engineering Program Manager, served in a Field Application Engineering role and held various Customer Application Engineering roles, including Customer Application Engineering Manager. Mr. Faith has also served as the Chairperson of the Marketing Committee for the CE-ATA Organization. He holds a B.S.C.E. degree in Computer Engineering from Santa Clara University and also served as Adjunct Lecturer at Santa Clara University for Programmable Logic courses.
Ralph S. Marimon has served as our Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer since November 2008. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Marimon served as Vice President, Finance and Operations, and Chief Financial Officer of Anchor Bay Technologies, Inc., a fabless semiconductor company that designs and produces advanced video processing semiconductor devices from 2006. From 2005 to 2006, Mr. Marimon was Vice President of Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer of Tymphany Corporation, a provider of innovative audio transducers. Prior to that, Mr. Marimon was Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer of Scientific Technologies, Inc., a provider of automation safeguarding products, from 2004 until 2005. From 1999 to 2003, he served at Com21 Corporation, a global supplier of system solutions for the broadband access market, where he was promoted from Corporate Controller to Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer. Prior to joining Com21 Corporation, Mr. Marimon was at KLA-Tencor Corporation for 11 years in a variety of senior executive financial management positions. Mr. Marimon holds a Masters of Management degree in finance and accounting from Northwestern University and a BA degree in economics from the University of California, Los Angeles.
Catriona Meney joined QuickLogic in September 2003 and has served as our Vice President, Human Resources and Development since October 2006. Prior to joining QuickLogic, Ms. Meney was Vice President, International Human Resources at Ocular Sciences, Inc., a global manufacturer of contact lenses, from September 2001 to June 2002. From May 1984 to October 2000, Ms. Meney held several human resource positions at Standard Life Assurance Co., an international financial services provider, located in Scotland, most recently as their Senior Human Resources Business Partner. Prior experience includes human resource positions at Sun Microsystems BV. Ms. Meney holds a M.A. degree, with honors, from the University of Glasgow in Scotland.
Timothy Saxe joined QuickLogic in May 2001 and has served as our Chief Technology Officer and Senior Vice President, Engineering since August 2006, and Vice President, Engineering since November 2001. From November 2000 to February 2001, Mr. Saxe was Vice President of FLASH Engineering at Actel Corporation, a semiconductor manufacturing company. Mr. Saxe joined GateField Corporation, a design verification tools and services company formerly known as Zycad, in June 1983 and was a founder of their semiconductor manufacturing division in 1993. Mr. Saxe became GateField's Chief Executive Officer in February 1999 and served in that capacity until GateField was acquired by Actel in November 2000. Mr. Saxe holds a B.S.E.E. degree from North Carolina State University, and an M.S.E.E. degree and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Stanford University.
Information regarding the backgrounds of our directors is set forth under the caption “Proposal One, Election of Directors” in our Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
If we fail to successfully develop, introduce and sell CSSPs and new products, or if our CSSP design opportunities do not generate the revenue we expect, we may be unable to compete effectively in the future.
The market for differentiated mobile devices is highly competitive and dynamic, with short end market product life cycles and rapid obsolescence of existing products. To compete successfully, we must obtain access to advanced fabrication capacity and dedicate significant resources to specify, design, develop, manufacture and sell new or enhanced CSSPs that provide increasingly higher levels of performance, low power consumption, new features, reliability and/or cost savings to our customers. Due to the short product life cycle of these devices our revenue is subject to fluctuation in a short period of time and our ability to grow our business depends on accelerating our design win activity. We often make significant investments in CSSP and silicon platform development, selling and marketing, long before we generate revenue, if any, from our efforts. The markets we are targeting typically have higher volumes and greater price pressure than our traditional business. In addition, we quote opportunities in anticipation of future cost reductions and may aggressively price products to gain market share. In order to react quickly to opportunities or to obtain favorable wafer prices, we make significant investments in and commitments to purchase inventories and capital equipment before we have firm commitments from customers.
We expect our business growth to be driven by CSSPs, and CSSP revenue growth needs to be strong enough to achieve profitability while offsetting expected declines in other parts of our business. The gross margin associated with our CSSPs and new products is generally lower than the gross margin of our mature products, due primarily to the price sensitive nature of the higher volume mobile consumer opportunities that we are pursuing with CSSPs. If our mature product revenue were to decline more quickly than expected, it could have a significant effect on our results of operations and cash flows. Because the product life cycle of mobile products is short, we must replace revenue at the end of a product life cycle with sales from new design opportunities. In addition, sales of our mature product family could decline if competitors replace us in these design opportunities. While we expect revenue and gross profit growth from CSSPs will offset the expected decline in revenue and gross profit from our mature products, there is no assurance whether or when this will occur. In order to grow our revenue from its current level, we are dependent upon increased revenue from our existing products, especially CSSPs based on our ArcticLink and PolarPro solution platforms, and the development of CSSPs, additional new products and solutions.
If (i) we are unable to design, produce and sell new CSSPs that meet design specifications, address customer requirements and generate sufficient revenue and gross profit; (ii) market demand for our CSSPs and other products fails to materialize; (iii) we are unable to obtain adequate fabrication capacity on a timely basis; (iv) we are unable to develop CSSPs or solutions in a timely manner; or (v) our customers do not successfully introduce products incorporating our devices, our revenue and gross margin will be materially harmed, our liquidity and cash flows will be materially affected, we may be required to write-off related inventories and long-lived assets or there may be other adverse effects on our business or the price of our common stock.
Our CSSP design opportunities may not result in the revenue we expect .
We have transitioned from being a broad-based supplier of FPGA devices to being a supplier of CSSPs primarily to the mobile market. We have developed a significant pipeline of design opportunities for CSSPs in our target markets, have brought multiple 3G broadband data card opportunities to revenue, and we are focused on converting additional design opportunities in all of our target markets into revenue. Continual increases in revenue contributions from new mobile products are key to our ability to grow our business, achieve profitability and maintain or increase our cash and cash equivalent balances. Mobile product life cycles are short and we must replace revenue lost at the end of each product life cycle with sales from new design wins.
The generation of revenue from mobile market design opportunities is influenced by a number of factors, such as our ability to supply solutions that meet customers' cost targets and performance requirements, the value and price of our solutions relative to competing solutions, our customers' decisions whether to produce in volume the products utilizing our solution, the timing of our customers' product introduction dates, the market success of our customers' products and general economic conditions. If these design opportunities result in revenue that is later or significantly lower than we expect, our results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected.
We have a limited number of significant customers and limited visibility into the long-term demand for our products from these customers.
A few end-customers can represent a significant portion of our total revenue in a given reporting period and the likelihood of this occurring will increase as we continue to target market leading manufacturers of high volume mobile
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applications. As in the past, future demand from these customers may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter. These customers typically order products with short requested delivery lead times, and do not provide a commitment to purchase product past the period covered by purchase orders, which may be rescheduled or canceled. In addition, our manufacturing lead times are longer than the delivery lead times requested by these customers, and we make significant purchases of inventory and capital expenditures in anticipation of future demand. If revenue from any significant customer were to decline substantially, we may be unable to offset this decline with increased revenue and gross margin from other customers and we may purchase excess inventories. These factors could severely harm our business.
In addition, we may make a significant investment in long-lived assets for the production of our products based upon historical and expected demand. If demand for our products or gross margin generated from our products does not meet our expectations or if we are unable to collect amounts due from significant customers, we may be required to write-off inventories, provide for uncollectible accounts receivable or incur charges against long-lived assets, which would materially harm our business.
Our customers may cancel or change their product plans after we have expended substantial time and resources in the design of their products.
Our customers often evaluate our products for six months or more before designing them into their systems, and they may not commence volume shipments for up to an additional six to twelve months, if at all. During this lengthy sales cycle, our potential customers may cancel or change their product plans. Customers may also discontinue products incorporating our devices at any time or they may choose to replace our products with lower cost semiconductors. In addition, we are working with leading customers in our target markets to define our future products. If customers cancel, reduce or delay product orders from us or choose not to release products that incorporate our devices after we have spent substantial time and resources developing products or assisting customers with their product design, our revenue levels may be less than anticipated and our business could be materially harmed.
We may not have the liquidity to support our future operations and capital requirements.
Our new products and products currently under development, have been generating lower gross margin as a percentage of revenue than the rest of our historical business due to the markets that we have targeted and the larger order quantities associated with these applications. Whether we can achieve cash flow levels sufficient to support our operations cannot be accurately predicted, and our investment portfolio is subject to a degree of interest rate and liquidity risk. Unless such cash flow levels are achieved and our investment portfolio remains liquid and its capital is preserved, we may need to borrow additional funds or sell debt or equity securities, or some combination thereof, to provide funding for our operations. Such additional funding may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If adequate funds are not available when needed, our financial condition and operating results would be materially and adversely affected and we may not be able to operate our business without significant changes in our operations, or at all.
We depend on our relationship with TowerJazz which is the primary manufacturer of our new products.
Our new products are manufactured in TowerJazz's foundry facility. We believe that TowerJazz's long-term operation of this fabrication facility depends on its ability to attract sufficient customer demand, to obtain additional financing, to increase capacity, and its ability to remain in compliance with the terms of its credit agreements. The current political uncertainty and security situation in the Middle East where TowerJazz's fabrication facility is located, the cyclical nature of the market for foundry manufacturing services, TowerJazz's financial condition, or other factors may adversely impact TowerJazz's business prospects and may discourage future investments in TowerJazz from outside sources. The value of our investment in TowerJazz may also be adversely affected by a deterioration of conditions in the market for foundry manufacturing services, the market for semiconductor products, TowerJazz's financial health and TowerJazz's ability to remain in compliance with Nasdaq listing standards. The inability of TowerJazz to continue operations for any reason would require us to identify and qualify a new foundry to manufacture our new products. This would be time consuming, difficult and result in unforeseen operational problems. Alternate foundries might not be available to fabricate our new products, or if available, might be unwilling or unable to offer services on acceptable terms and our ability to operate our business or deliver our products to our customers could be severely impaired.
We depend upon partnering with other companies to develop IP, reference platforms and system software.
In addition to working directly with our customers, we partner with other companies that are experts in certain technologies to develop additional intellectual property, reference platforms and system software to provide application
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solutions. We also work with mobile processor manufacturers and companies that supply storage, networking or graphics components for embedded systems. The depth of these relationships varies depending on the partner and the dynamics of the end market being targeted, but is typically a co-marketing relationship that includes joint account calls, promotional activities and/or engineering collaboration and developments, such as reference designs. If we are unable to license new technologies, maintain a close working relationship with our partners, fail to continue to develop and introduce leading technologies or if these technologies fail to generate the revenue we expect, we may not be able to compete effectively in the future.
We depend upon third parties for silicon IP, detailed RTL design, physical design, verification and assembly of our CSSP platforms and failure to meet our requirements in a timely fashion may adversely impact our time to market and revenue.
Our move to a variable cost or outsourced engineering development model allows us access to the best design resources for developing new CSSP platforms. This includes access to leading edge silicon IP as well as RTL design and physical design expertise. However, outsourcing the design of a complex CSSP platform typically involves multiple companies in multiple locations which increase the risk of costly design errors. Any delays or errors in the design of our new CSSP platforms could significantly increase the cost of development as well as adversely impact our time to market and revenue.
We depend upon third parties to fabricate, assemble, test and program our products, and they may discontinue manufacturing our products, fail to give our products priority, be unable to successfully manufacture our products to meet performance, volume or cost targets, or inaccurately report inventories to us.
We contract with third parties to fabricate, assemble, test and program our devices. In general, each of our devices is fabricated, assembled and programmed by a single supplier, and the loss of a supplier, transfer of manufacturing to a new location, expiration of a supply agreement or the inability of our suppliers to manufacture our products to meet volume, performance, quality and cost targets could have a material adverse effect on our business. Our relationship with our suppliers could change as a result of a merger or acquisition. If for any reason these suppliers or any other vendor becomes unable or unwilling to continue to provide services of acceptable quality, at acceptable costs and in a timely manner, our ability to operate our business or deliver our products to our customers could be severely impaired. We would have to identify and qualify substitute suppliers, which could be time consuming, difficult and result in unforeseen operational problems, or we could announce an end-of-life program for these products. Alternate suppliers might not be available to fabricate, assemble, test and program our devices or, if available, might be unwilling or unable to offer services on acceptable terms. In addition, if competition for wafer manufacturing capacity increases, if we need to migrate to more advanced wafer manufacturing technology, or if competition for assembly services increases, we may be required to pay or invest significant amounts to secure access to this capacity. The number of companies that provide these services is limited and some of them have limited operating histories and financial resources. In the event our current suppliers refuse or are unable to continue to provide these services to us, or if we are unable to secure sufficient capacity from our current suppliers on commercially reasonable terms, we may be unable to procure services from alternate suppliers in a timely manner, if at all. Moreover, our reliance on a limited number of suppliers subjects us to reduced control over delivery schedules, quality assurance and costs. This lack of control may cause unforeseen product shortages or may increase our cost to manufacture and test our products, which would adversely affect our operating results and cash flows.
We will be unable to compete effectively if we fail to anticipate product opportunities based upon emerging technologies and standards or fail to develop products and solutions that incorporate these technologies and standards in a timely manner.
We spend significant time and money designing and developing silicon solution platforms, and PSBs, and adopting emerging technologies. We intend to develop additional products and solutions and to adopt new technologies in the future. If system manufacturers adopt alternative standards or technologies, if an industry standard or emerging technology that we have targeted fails to achieve broad market acceptance, if customers choose low power offerings from our competitors, or if we are unable to bring the technologies or solutions to market in a timely and cost-effective manner, we may be unable to generate significant revenue from our research and development efforts. As a result, our business would be materially harmed and we may be required to write-off related inventories and long-lived assets.
If we fail to adequately forecast demand for our products, we may incur product shortages or excess product inventories.
Our agreements with certain suppliers require us to provide forecasts of our anticipated manufacturing orders, and place binding manufacturing commitments in advance of receiving purchase orders from our customers. We are limited in our ability to increase or decrease our forecasts under such agreements. Other manufacturers supply us with product on a purchase order basis. The allocation of capacity is determined solely by our suppliers over which we have no direct control. Additionally, we may place orders with our suppliers in advance of customer orders to allow us to quickly respond to changing customer
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demand or to obtain favorable product costs. Furthermore, we provide our suppliers with equipment which is used to program our products to customer specifications. The programming equipment is manufactured to our specifications and has significant order lead times. These factors may result in product shortages or excess product inventories. Obtaining additional supply in the face of product, programming equipment or capacity shortages may be costly, or not possible, especially in the short term since most of our products and programming equipment are supplied by a single supplier. Our failure to adequately forecast demand for our products could materially harm our business.
Our approach to developing solutions for potential customers involves developing CSSPs for and aligning our roadmap with application processor and flash memory vendors. We have entered into informal partnerships with other parties that involve the development of solutions that interface with their devices or standards. These informal partnerships also may involve joint marketing campaigns and sales calls. If our solutions are not incorporated into customer products, if our partners discontinue production of or integrate our solution into their product offerings, or if the informal partnerships do not grow as expected or if they are significantly reduced or terminated by acquisition or other means, our revenue and gross margin will be materially harmed and we may be required to write-off related inventories and long-lived assets. Fluctuations in our manufacturing processes, yields and quality, especially for new products, may increase our costs.
Difficulties encountered during the complex semiconductor manufacturing process can render a substantial percentage of semiconductor devices nonfunctional. New manufacturing techniques or fluctuations in the manufacturing process may change the performance distribution and yield of our products. We have, in the past, experienced manufacturing runs that have contained substantially reduced or no functioning devices, or that generated devices with below normal performance characteristics. Our reliance on third party suppliers may extend the period of time required to analyze and correct these problems. Once corrected, our customers may be required to redesign or requalify their products. As a result, we may incur substantially higher manufacturing costs, shortages of inventories or reduced customer demand.
Yield fluctuations frequently occur in connection with the manufacture of newly introduced products, with changes in product architecture, with manufacturing at new facilities, on new fabrication processes or in conjunction with new backend manufacturing processes. Newly introduced solutions and products are often more complex and more difficult to produce, increasing the risk of manufacturing related defects. New manufacturing facilities or processes are often more complex and take a period of time to achieve expected quality levels and manufacturing efficiencies. While we test our products, including our software development tools, they may still contain errors or defects that are found after we have commenced commercial production. Undetected errors or defects may also result from new manufacturing processes or when new intellectual property is incorporated into our products. If our products or software development tools contain undetected or unresolved defects, we may lose market share, experience delays in or loss of market acceptance, reserve or scrap inventories or be required to issue a product recall. In addition, we would be at risk of product liability litigation if defects in our products were discovered. Although we attempt to limit our liability to end users through disclaimers of special, consequential and indirect damages and similar provisions, we cannot assure you that such limitations of liability will be legally enforceable.
We may be unable to accurately estimate quarterly revenue, which could adversely affect the trading price of our stock.
Due to our relatively long product delivery cycle and the inability of our customers in the rapidly evolving mobile market to confirm product requirements on a timely basis, we may have low visibility to product demand in any given quarter. If our customers cannot provide us with accurate delivery lead times, we may not be able to deliver product to our customers in a timely fashion. Furthermore, our ability to respond to increased demand is limited to inventories on hand or on order, the capacity available at our contract manufacturers and our capacity to program products to customer specifications. If we fail to accurately estimate customer demand, record revenue, or if our available capacity is less than needed to meet customer demand, our results of operations could be harmed and our stock price could materially fluctuate.
We have a history of losses and cannot assure you that we will be profitable in the future.
We have a history of losses having recorded a net loss in 2009. During 2010 we returned to profitability, but we were not profitable during fiscal 2011 and cannot predict when we may return to profitability.
Our future operating results are likely to fluctuate and therefore may fail to meet expectations, which could cause our stock price to decline.
Our operating results have varied widely in the past and are likely to do so in the future. In addition, our past operating results may not be an indicator of future operating results. Our future operating results will depend on many factors and may fail to meet our expectations for a number of reasons, including those set forth in these risk factors. Any failure to meet expectations could cause our stock price to significantly fluctuate or decline.
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Factors that could cause our operating results to fluctuate include, without limitation: (i) successful development and market acceptance of our products and solutions; (ii) our ability to accurately forecast product volumes and mix, and to respond to rapid changes in customer demand; (iii) changes in sales volume or expected sales volume, product mix, average selling prices or production variances that affect gross profit; (iv) the effect of end-of-life programs; (v) a significant change in sales to, or the collectibility of accounts receivable from, our largest customers; (vi) our ability to adjust our product features, manufacturing capacity and costs in response to economic and competitive pressures; (vii) our reliance on subcontract manufacturers for product capacity, yield and quality; (viii) our competitors' product portfolio and product pricing policies; (ix) timely implementation of efficient manufacturing technologies; (x) errors in applying or changes in accounting and corporate governance rules; (xi) the issuance of equity compensation awards or changes in the terms of our stock plan or employee stock purchase plan; (xii) mergers or acquisitions; (xiii) the impact of import and export laws and regulations; (xiv) the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry and general economic, market, political and social conditions in the countries where we sell our products and the related effect on our customers, distributors and suppliers; and (xv) our ability to obtain capital, debt financing and insurance on commercially reasonable terms. Although certain of these factors are out of our immediate control, unless we can anticipate and be prepared with contingency plans that respond to these factors, our business may be materially harmed.
We may encounter periods of industry wide semiconductor oversupply, resulting in pricing pressure, as well as undersupply, resulting in a risk that we could be unable to fulfill our customers' requirements. The semiconductor industry has historically been characterized by wide fluctuations in the demand for, and supply of, its products. These fluctuations have resulted in circumstances when supply of and demand for semiconductors has been widely out of balance. An industry wide semiconductor oversupply could result in severe downward pricing pressure from customers. In a market with undersupply of manufacturing capacity, we would have to compete with larger foundry and assembly customers for limited manufacturing resources. In such an environment, we may be unable to have our products manufactured in a timely manner, at a cost that generates adequate gross profit or in sufficient quantities. Since we outsource all of our manufacturing and generally have a single source of wafer supply, test, assembly and programming for our products, we are particularly vulnerable to such supply shortages and capacity limitations. As a result, we may be unable to fulfill orders and may lose customers. Any future industry wide oversupply or undersupply of semiconductors could materially harm our business.
We may be unable to successfully grow our business if we fail to compete effectively with others to attract and retain key personnel.
We believe our future success depends upon our ability to attract and retain highly competent personnel. Our employees are at-will and not subject to employment contracts. Hiring and retaining qualified sales, technical and financial personnel are difficult due to the limited number of qualified professionals, economic conditions and the size of our company. In addition, new hires frequently require extensive training before they achieve desired levels of productivity. Failure to attract, hire, train and retain personnel could materially harm our business.
Problems associated with international business operations could affect our ability to manufacture and sell our products.
Most of our products are manufactured outside of the United States at manufacturing facilities operated by our suppliers in Asia, South Asia and the Middle East regions. As a result, these manufacturing operations and new product introductions are subject to risks of political instability.
A significant portion of our total revenue comes from sales to customers located outside the United States. We anticipate that sales to customers located outside the United States will continue to represent a significant portion of our total revenue in future periods. In addition, most of our domestic customers sell their products outside of North America, thereby indirectly exposing us to risks associated with foreign commerce and economic instability. In addition to overseas sales offices, we have significant research and development activities in Canada and India. Accordingly, our operations and revenue are subject to a number of risks associated with foreign commerce, including the following: (i) staffing and managing foreign offices; (ii) managing foreign distributors; (iii) collecting amounts due; (iv) political and economic instability; (v) foreign currency exchange fluctuations; (vi) changes in tax laws, import and export regulations, tariffs and freight rates; (vii) timing and availability of export licenses; (viii) supplying products that meet local environmental regulations; and (ix) inadequate protection of intellectual property rights.
We denominate sales of our products to foreign countries exclusively in U.S. dollars. As a result, any increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the local currency of a foreign country will increase the price of our products in that country so that our products become relatively more expensive to customers in their local currency. As a result, sales of our products in that foreign country may decline. If the local currency of a foreign country in which we conduct business strengthens against the U.S. dollar, our payroll and other local expenses will be higher, and since sales are transacted in U.S. dollars, would not be
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offset by any increase in revenue. To the extent any such risks materialize, our business could be materially harmed.
In addition, we incur costs in foreign countries that may be difficult to reduce quickly because of employee related laws and practices in those foreign countries.
Our CSSPs face competition from suppliers of ASSPs, suppliers of integrated application processors, and suppliers of ASICs.
We face competition from companies that offer ASSPs. While it is difficult to provide a unique solution through the use of ASSPs, ASSPs generally are cost effective standard products and have short lead times. In certain design opportunities, ASSPs can be combined to achieve system design objectives. Manufacturers of integrated application processors often integrate new features when they introduce new products. A system designer could elect the use of an integrated processor that includes the features offered in our CSSPs and/or a widely accepted feature of our CSSPs could be integrated into a competitor's ASSP. Companies that supply ASICs, which may be purchased for a lower price at higher volumes and typically have greater logic capacity, additional features and higher performance than our products. Our inability to successfully compete in any of the following areas could materially harm our business: (i) the development of new products, CSSPs and advanced manufacturing technologies; (ii) the quality, power characteristics, performance characteristics, price and availability of devices, programming hardware and software development tools; (iii) the ability to engage with companies that provide synergistic products and services; (iv) the incorporation of industry standards in our products and solutions; (v) the diversity of product offerings available to customers; or (vi) the quality and cost effectiveness of design, development, manufacturing and marketing efforts.
We may be unable to adequately protect our intellectual property rights and may face significant expenses as a result of future litigation.
Protection of intellectual property rights is crucial to our business, since that is how we keep others from copying the innovations that are central to our existing and future products. From time to time, we receive letters alleging patent infringement or inviting us to license other parties' patents. We evaluate these requests on a case-by-case basis. These situations may lead to litigation if we reject the offer to obtain the license.
In the past, we have been involved in litigation relating to our alleged infringement of third party patents or other intellectual property rights. This type of litigation is expensive and consumes large amounts of management time and attention.
Because it is critical to our success that we continue to prevent competitors from copying our innovations, we intend to continue to seek patent and trade secret protection for our products. The process of seeking patent protection can be long and expensive, and we cannot be certain that any currently pending or future applications will actually result in issued patents or that, even if patents are issued, they will be of sufficient scope or strength to provide meaningful protection or any commercial advantage to us. Furthermore, others may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technology or design around the patents we own. We also rely on trade secret protection for our technology, in part through confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants and other third parties. However, these parties may breach these agreements and we may not have adequate remedies for any breach. In any case, others may come to know about or determine our trade secrets through a variety of methods. In addition, the laws of certain territories in which we develop, manufacture or sell our products may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.
The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly and could lead to securities litigation.
Stock prices for many companies in the technology and emerging growth sectors have experienced wide fluctuations that have often been unrelated to the operating performance of such companies. In the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against companies following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. In the future, we may be the subject of similar litigation. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and divert management's attention.
We may engage in manufacturing, distribution or technology agreements that involve numerous risks, including the use of cash, diversion of resources and significant write-offs.
We have entered into and, in the future, intend to enter into agreements that involve numerous risks, including the use of significant amounts of our cash; diversion of resources from other development projects or market opportunities; our ability to collect amounts due under these contracts; and market acceptance of related products and solutions. If we fail to recover the cost of these or other assets from the cash flow generated by the related products, our assets will become impaired and our financial results would be harmed.
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Our business is subject to the risks of earthquakes, other catastrophic events and business interruptions for which we may maintain limited insurance.
Our operations and the operations of our suppliers are vulnerable to interruption by fire, earthquake, power loss, flood, terrorist acts and other catastrophic events beyond our control. In particular, our headquarters are located near earthquake fault lines in the San Francisco Bay Area. In addition, we rely on certain suppliers to manufacture our products and would not be able to qualify an alternate supplier of our products for several quarters. Our suppliers often hold significant quantities of our inventories which, in the event of a disaster, could be destroyed. In addition, our business processes and systems are vulnerable to computer viruses, break-ins and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering. Any catastrophic event, such as an earthquake or other natural disaster, the failure of our computer systems, war or acts of terrorism, could significantly impair our ability to maintain our records, pay our suppliers, or design, manufacture or ship our products. The occurrence of any of these events could also affect our customers, distributors and suppliers and produce similar disruptive effects upon their business. If there is an earthquake or other catastrophic event near our headquarters, our customers' facilities, our distributors' facilities or our suppliers' facilities, our business could be seriously harmed.
We do not maintain sufficient business interruption and other insurance policies to compensate us for all losses that may occur. Any losses or damages incurred by us as a result of a catastrophic event or any other significant uninsured loss could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions that could discourage a takeover that is beneficial to stockholders.
Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation, our Bylaws and Delaware law could make it difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so would be beneficial to our stockholders.
If we do not maintain compliance with the listing requirements of the Nasdaq Global Market, our common stock could be delisted, which could, among other things, reduce the price of our common stock and the levels of liquidity available to our stockholders.
We are listed on the Nasdaq Global Market and our securities could be delisted in the future if we do not continue to meet the specific quantitative standards of the Nasdaq Global Market.
Changes to existing accounting pronouncements or taxation rules or practices may cause adverse revenue fluctuations, affect our reported financial results or how we conduct our business.
Generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, are promulgated by, and are subject to the interpretation of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, and the SEC. New accounting pronouncements or taxation rules and varying interpretations of accounting pronouncements or taxation practices have occurred and may occur in the future. Any future changes in accounting pronouncements or taxation rules or practices may have a significant effect on how we report our results and may even affect our reporting of transactions completed before the change is effective. In addition, a review of existing or prior accounting practices may result in a change in previously reported amounts. This change to existing rules, future changes, if any, or the questioning of current practices may adversely affect our reported financial results, our ability to remain listed on the Nasdaq Global Market, or the way we conduct our business and subject us to regulatory inquiries or litigation.
We have implemented import and export control procedures to comply with United States regulations but we are still exposed to potential risks from import and export activity.
Our products, solutions, technology and software are subject to import and export control laws and regulations which, in some instances, may impose restrictions on business activities, or otherwise require licenses or other authorizations from agencies such as the U.S. Department of State, U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of the Treasury. These restrictions may impact deliveries to customers or limit development and manufacturing alternatives. We have import and export licensing and compliance procedures in place for purposes of conducting our business consistent with U.S. and applicable international laws and regulations, and we periodically review these procedures to maintain compliance with the requirements relating to import and export regulations. If we are not able to remain in compliance with import and export regulations, we might be subject to investigation, sanctions or penalties by regulatory authorities. Such penalties can include civil, criminal or administrative remedies such as loss of export privileges. We cannot be certain as to the outcome of an evaluation, investigation, inquiry or other action or the impact of these items on our operations. Any such action could adversely affect our financial results and the market price of our common stock.
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ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2.PROPERTIES
Our principal administrative, sales, marketing, research and development and final testing facility is located in a building of approximately 42,600 square feet in Sunnyvale, California. This facility is leased through December 2012. We have subleased approximately 8,000 square feet of this facility through December 2012. Our research and development facility in Toronto, Canada, consisting of approximately 2,059 square feet, is leased through February 2013. We lease a 4,500 square foot facility in Bangalore, India for the purpose of software development. This facility is leased through November 2013. We also lease office space in Shanghai, China; Taipei, Taiwan; Tokyo, Japan; and London, England. We believe that our existing facilities are adequate for our current needs.
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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation
On October 26, 2001, a putative securities class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York against certain investment banks that underwrote QuickLogic's initial public offering, QuickLogic and some of QuickLogic's officers and directors. The complaint alleged excessive and undisclosed commissions in connection with the allocation of shares of common stock in QuickLogic's initial and secondary public offerings and artificially high prices through “tie-in” arrangements which required the underwriters' customers to buy shares in the aftermarket at pre-determined prices in violation of the federal securities laws. Plaintiffs sought an unspecified amount of damages on behalf of persons who purchased QuickLogic's stock pursuant to the registration statements between October 14, 1999 and December 6, 2000. Various plaintiffs filed similar actions asserting virtually identical allegations against over 300 other public companies, their underwriters, and their officers and directors arising out of each company's public offering. These actions, including the action against QuickLogic, were coordinated for pretrial purposes and captioned In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, 21 MC 92.
The parties reached a global settlement of the litigation. Under the settlement, the insurers are to pay the full amount of settlement share allocated to the Company, the Company will not bear any financial liability and the Company and the other defendants will receive complete dismissals from the case. The settlement was approved by the Court on October 5, 2009 and certain objectors filed appeals. The last remaining appeal of the settlement was withdrawn on January 13, 2012 and the settlement may now be enforced. The Company did not accrue any amounts related to the proposed settlement because it was not reasonably estimable.
From time to time, the Company is involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, including but not limited to intellectual property infringement and collection matters. Absolute assurance cannot be given that third party assertions will be resolved without costly litigation in a manner that is not adverse to the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows or without requiring royalty or other payments in the future which may adversely impact gross profit.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our common stock has been traded on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “QUIK” since October 15, 1999, the date of our initial public offering. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low closing sales prices for our common stock, as reported on the Nasdaq Global Market:
High | Low | ||||||
Fiscal Year Ending January 1, 2012: | |||||||
Fourth Quarter (through January 1, 2012) | $ | 3.13 | $ | 1.92 | |||
Third Quarter (through October 2, 2011) | $ | 4.44 | $ | 2.29 | |||
Second Quarter (through July 3, 2011) | $ | 5.08 | $ | 2.60 | |||
First Quarter (through April 3, 2011) | $ | 6.65 | $ | 4.52 | |||
Fiscal Year Ending January 2, 2011: | |||||||
Fourth Quarter (through January 2, 2011) | $ | 6.46 | $ | 5.00 | |||
Third Quarter (through October 3, 2010) | $ | 5.22 | $ | 2.90 | |||
Second Quarter (through July 4, 2010) | $ | 3.94 | $ | 2.58 | |||
First Quarter (through April 4, 2010) | $ | 2.99 | $ | 1.93 | |||
Stockholders
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The closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market was $2.52 per share on March 5, 2012. As of March 5, 2012, there were 38,659,885 shares of common stock outstanding that were held of record by 225 stockholders. The actual number of stockholders is greater than this number of holders of record since this number does not include stockholders whose shares are held in trust by other entities.
Dividend Policy
We have never declared or paid any dividends on our capital stock. We currently expect to retain future earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The information required by this item regarding equity compensation plans is set forth under the caption "Equity Compensation Plan Summary" in our Proxy Statement which information is incorporated by reference herein.
Shelf Registration
On August 21, 2009, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3, which was declared effective on September 2, 2009. On November 17, 2009, the Company issued 4,305,929 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 3,229,446 shares of common stock in a registered direct offering under the shelf registration statement. The common stock and warrants were issued in units (the “Units”), with each Unit consisting of (i) one share of common stock and (ii) a warrant to purchase 0.75 of a share of common stock, at a negotiated purchase price of $1.45 per Unit. The Company received net proceeds from the offering of $5.5 million, net of placement agent's fees and other offering expenses of $774,000. Under the shelf registration statement, the Company has the ability to raise up to an additional $16.8 million through September 1, 2012. There can be no assurance that such capital will be available on terms acceptable to the Company.
There have been no sales of unregistered securities during the fiscal year ended January 1, 2012.
Stock Performance Graph
The following graph compares the cumulative total return to stockholders of our common stock from December 31, 2006 to December 31, 2011 to the cumulative total return over such period of (i) the S&P 500 Index and (ii) the S&P Semiconductors Index. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2006 in QuickLogic's common stock and in each of the other two indices and the reinvestment of all dividends, if any, through December 31, 2011.
The information contained in the Performance Graph shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that QuickLogic specifically incorporates it by reference into any such filing. The graph is presented in accordance with SEC requirements. Stockholders are cautioned against drawing any conclusions from the data contained therein, as past results are not necessarily indicative of future performance.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amount) | |||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations: | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 20,969 | $ | 26,199 | $ | 15,074 | $ | 31,910 | $ | 34,417 | |||||||||
Cost of revenue | 8,517 | 9,609 | 7,715 | 14,941 | 19,410 | ||||||||||||||
Long-lived asset impairment(1) | — | — | 150 | 1,545 | — | ||||||||||||||
Gross profit | 12,452 | 16,590 | 7,209 | 15,424 | 15,007 | ||||||||||||||
Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||
Research and development | 9,836 | 7,458 | 6,203 | 8,185 | 9,517 | ||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 9,965 | 10,073 | 10,617 | 14,049 | 17,163 | ||||||||||||||
Long-lived asset impairment(1) | — | — | — | 468 | — | ||||||||||||||
Restructuring costs(3) | — | — | 59 | 502 | — | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | (7,349 | ) | (941 | ) | (9,670 | ) | (7,780 | ) | (11,673 | ) | |||||||||
Write-down of investment in TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd.(2) | — | — | — | (1,398 | ) | — | |||||||||||||
Gain on sale of TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. shares (4) | 993 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (36 | ) | (67 | ) | (93 | ) | (225 | ) | (280 | ) | |||||||||
Interest income and other, net | (159 | ) | (46 | ) | (54 | ) | (6 | ) | 894 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | (7,544 | ) | (61 | ) | (9,817 | ) | (9,409 | ) | (11,059 | ) | |||||||||
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes | 50 | (184 | ) | (63 | ) | (54 | ) | 75 | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (7,594 | ) | $ | 123 | $ | (9,754 | ) | $ | (9,355 | ) | $ | (11,134 | ) | |||||
Net income (loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | — | $ | (0.32 | ) | $ | (0.32 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) | |||||
Diluted | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | — | $ | (0.32 | ) | $ | (0.32 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) | |||||
Weighted average shares: | |||||||||||||||||||
Basic | 36,792 | 35,729 | 30,739 | 29,653 | 29,041 | ||||||||||||||
Diluted | 36,792 | 39,038 | 30,739 | 29,653 | 29,041 | ||||||||||||||
January 1, 2012 | January 2, 2011 | January 3, 2010 | December 28, 2008 | December 30, 2007 | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 20,203 | $ | 21,956 | $ | 18,195 | $ | 19,376 | $ | 20,868 | |||||||||
Working capital | 22,840 | 26,933 | 18,097 | 17,407 | 22,279 | ||||||||||||||
Total assets | 28,963 | 33,628 | 27,601 | 28,426 | 41,424 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term obligations, excluding current portion | 146 | — | 264 | — | 2,527 | ||||||||||||||
Total stockholders' equity | 24,938 | 29,313 | 21,259 | 21,862 | 29,018 | ||||||||||||||
__________________________
(1) | Long-lived asset impairment in 2009 consisted of a $150,000 non-cash charge relating to the write-down of the carrying value of the TowerJazz prepaid wafer credit. Long-lived asset impairment of $2.0 million in 2008 consisted of non-cash charges relating to the write-down of the carrying value of (i) the TowerJazz prepaid wafer credit of about $1.3 million; (ii) the equipment used in the production of a particular silicon device of $199,000 and (iii) unutilized EDA licenses of $468,000. |
(2) | Write-down of marketable securities consisted of a non-cash charge of $1.4 million in 2008 for the write-down of our equity investment in TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. to fair value. |
(3) | Restructuring costs of $59,000 and $502,000 in 2009 and 2008, respectively, consisted of additional severance benefits relating to the restructuring costs that occurred in the second quarter of 2008. |
(4) | During the first quarter of 2010, the Company sold 700,000 of TowerJazz ordinary shares which resulted in a gain of $993,000. |
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
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OPERATIONS
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion may contain forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties including those discussed under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” These risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements.
Overview
We develop and market low power customizable semiconductor solutions that enable customers to add new differentiated features to, extend battery life in, and improve their visual experience with their mobile, consumer and enterprise products. Our targeted mobile market segments include Tablets, Smartphones, Broadband Access Data cards, Secure Access Data cards, and Mobile Enterprise. We are a fabless semiconductor company designing Customer Specific Standard Products, or CSSPs, which are complete, customer-specific solutions that include a combination of silicon solution platforms; Proven System Blocks, or PSBs; customer-specific logic; software drivers; and firmware. Our main platform families, ArcticLink and PolarPro, are standard silicon products. PSBs are developed in numerous categories including Video and Imaging, Storage, Intelligence, Networking and Security. PSBs that have been developed and that are available to customers include our Visual Enhancement Engine, or VEE, Display Power Optimizer, or DPO, and Background Color Compensator (BCC) technologies; SDHD/eMMC Host Controllers; USB 2.0 On-The-Go with PHY; MIPI Host/Device with DPHY, LVDS, MDDI Client with PHY; High Speed UARTs; Pulse Width Modulators; SPI and I2C hosts, display-specific functions such as RGB-split and Frame Recyclers; and Data Performance Manager, or DPM, for accelerated sideloading times.
The variety of PSBs offered by us allows system designers to combine multiple discrete chips onto a single CSSP, simplifying design and board layout, lowering BOM cost, and accelerating time-to-market. The programmable fabric of the platforms is used for adding differentiated features and also provides flexibility to address hardware-based product requirements quickly.
Utilizing a focused customer engagement model, we market CSSPs to Original Equipment Manufacturers, or OEMs, and Original Design Manufacturers, or ODMs, that offer differentiated mobile products. Our solutions enable OEMs and ODMs to add new features, extend battery life, and improve the visual experience of their handheld mobile devices. In addition to working directly with our customers, we partner with other companies with expertise in certain technologies to develop additional intellectual property, reference platforms and system software to provide application solutions. We also work with mobile processor manufacturers and companies that supply storage, networking or graphics components for embedded systems.
We are transitioning from being a broad-based supplier of FPGA devices to being a supplier of CSSPs. In order to grow our revenue from its current level, we will be dependent upon increased revenue from our new products including existing new product platforms and platforms still in development. We expect our business growth to be driven by CSSPs and our CSSP revenue growth needs to be strong enough to enable us to sustain profitability while we continue to invest in the development, sales, and marketing of our new solution platforms, PSBs and CSSPs. The gross margin associated with our CSSPs is generally lower than the gross margin of our FPGA products, due primarily to the price sensitive nature of the higher volume mobile consumer opportunities that we are pursuing with CSSPs.
During 2011, we generated total revenue of $21.0 million which represents a 20% decrease over 2010. Our new product revenue was $5.3 million which represents a 43% decrease over 2010 while our mature product revenue was $15.6 million which represents a 7% decrease over 2010. We shipped our new products into four out of our five target mobile market segments: Smartphones, Broadband Access Data cards, Mobile Enterprise and Tablet. Although we saw continued demand for our mature products in 2011, we anticipate that our revenue from mature products will decline. Overall, we reported a net loss of $7.6 million for 2011.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The methods, estimates and judgments we use in applying our most critical accounting policies have a significant impact on the results we report in our consolidated financial statements. The SEC has defined critical accounting policies as those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require us to make our most difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain. Based on this definition, our critical policies include revenue recognition including sales returns and allowances, valuation of inventories including identification of excess quantities and product obsolescence, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of investments, valuation of long-lived assets, measurement of stock-based compensation, accounting for income taxes, and
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estimating accrued liabilities. We believe that we apply judgments and estimates in a consistent manner and that such consistent application results in consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes that fairly represent all periods presented. However, any factual errors or errors in these judgments and estimates may have a material impact on our financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
We supply standard products which must be programmed before they can be used in an application. Our products may be programmed by us, distributors, end-customers or third parties. Once programmed, our parts cannot be erased and, therefore, programmed parts are generally only useful to a specific customer.
We recognize revenue as products are shipped if evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable, collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured and product returns are reasonably estimable. Revenue is recognized upon shipment of both programmed and unprogrammed parts to OEM customers, provided that legal title and risk of ownership have transferred.
During the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, we renegotiated our agreements with our distributors. Under the new agreements, post shipment price adjustments such as Ship from Stock and Debits, or SSD, have been eliminated and parts held by the distributor may be returned for quality reasons only under our standard warranty policy. Revenue was recognized upon the shipment of programmed and unprogrammed parts to distributors throughout 2011.
Software revenue from sales of design tools is recognized when persuasive evidence of an agreement exists, delivery of the software has occurred, no significant Company obligations with regard to implementation or integration remain, the fee is fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured.
Valuation of Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of standard cost or net realizable value. Standard cost approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis. We routinely evaluate quantities and values of our inventories in light of current market conditions and market trends and record reserves for quantities in excess of demand and product obsolescence. The evaluation may take into consideration historic usage, expected demand, anticipated sales price, the stage in the product life cycle of our customers' products, new product development schedules, the effect new products might have on the sale of existing products, product obsolescence, customer design activity, customer concentrations, product merchantability and other factors. Market conditions are subject to change. Actual consumption of inventories could differ from forecasted demand and this difference could have a material impact on our gross margin and inventory balances based on additional provisions for excess or obsolete inventories or a benefit from inventories previously written down. We also regularly review the cost of inventories against estimated market value and record a lower of cost or market reserve for inventories that have a cost in excess of estimated market value, which could have a material impact on our gross margin and inventory balances based on additional write-downs to net realizable value or a benefit from inventories previously written down.
Our semiconductor products have historically had an unusually long product life cycle and obsolescence has not been a significant factor in the valuation of inventories. However, as we pursue opportunities in the mobile market and continue to develop new products, we believe our new product life cycle will be shorter and increase the potential for obsolescence. A significant decrease in demand could result in an increase in the amount of excess inventory on hand. Although we make every effort to ensure the accuracy of our forecasts of future product demand, due to our small customer base and limited CSSP engagements, any significant unanticipated changes in demand could have a significant impact on the value of our inventory and our results of operations.
Valuation of Investments
At January 1, 2012, we held 644,543 available-for-sale TowerJazz ordinary shares valued at approximately $406,000, all of which was recorded as a short-term investment. Our investment is marked to market on our balance sheet at the end of each reporting period with the change in unrealized market value reflected in our consolidated statement of comprehensive income. If the market value of the shares were to decline below the carrying value and if the decline is determined to be “other than temporary,” we would record a write-down of marketable securities as a charge to our statement of operations and reduce the carrying value of the shares.
The TowerJazz shares which we purchased in 2001 and 2002 as part of our wafer supply agreement were obtained at an average price of $12.84 per share and $5.46 per share, respectively. We wrote down the cost of these shares due to declines in their market value that we determined to be “other than temporary” by $15.1 million between 2001 and 2008. This
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determination included factors such as market value and the period of time that the market value had been below the carrying value. In 2011, we had a net ending balance of an unrealized gain of $113,272. The carrying value of the TowerJazz ordinary shares was $0.63 per share as of the end of 2011.
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets
We assess whether the value of identifiable intangibles and long-lived assets, including property and equipment and prepaid wafer credits, has been impaired annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. There were no significant factors that could trigger an impairment review during the fiscal year 2011.
Our assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of an asset or asset group from their expected future pre-tax cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset or asset group, we recognize an impairment loss for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value, and the carrying value of the related assets is reduced by this difference. The measurement of impairment requires management to estimate future cash flows and the fair value of long-lived assets.
Stock-Based Compensation
We account for stock-based compensation under the provisions of the amended authoritative guidance and related interpretations which require the measurement and recognition of expense related to the fair value of stock-based compensation awards. The fair value of stock-based compensation awards is measured at the grant date and re-measured upon modification, as appropriate. Determining the appropriate fair value model and calculating the fair value of stock-based awards at the date of grant require judgment.
We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of employee stock options and rights to purchase shares under the Company's 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or ESPP, consistent with the provisions of the amended authoritative guidance. This fair value is expensed on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. Using the Black-Scholes pricing model requires us to develop highly subjective assumptions including the expected term of awards, expected volatility of our stock, expected risk-free interest rate and expected dividend rate over the term of the award. Our expected term of awards is based primarily on our historical experience with similar grants. Our expected stock price volatility for both stock options and ESPP shares is based on the historic volatility of our stock, using the daily average of the opening and closing prices and measured using historical data appropriate for the expected term. The risk-free interest rate assumption approximates the risk-free interest rate of a Treasury Constant Maturity bond with a maturity approximately equal to the expected term of the stock option or ESPP shares.
In addition to the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes pricing model, the amended authoritative guidance requires that we recognize compensation expense only for awards ultimately expected to vest; therefore we are required to develop an estimate of the historical pre-vest forfeiture experience and apply this to all stock-based awards. The fair value of restricted stock awards, or RSAs, and restricted stock units, or RSUs is based on the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. RSA and RSU awards which vest with service are expensed over the requisite service period. RSA and RSU awards which are expected to vest based on the achievement of a performance goal are expensed over the estimated vesting period. We regularly review the assumptions used to compute the fair value of our stock-based awards and we revise our assumptions as appropriate. In the event that assumptions used to compute the fair value of our stock-based awards are later determined to be inaccurate or if we change our assumptions significantly in future periods, stock-based compensation expense and our results of operations could be materially impacted. See Note 11 of our consolidated financial statements.
Accounting for Income Taxes
As part of the process of preparing our financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating our actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from different tax and accounting treatment of items, such as deferred revenue, allowance for doubtful accounts, the impact of equity awards, depreciation and amortization and employee related accruals. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included on our balance sheets. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and to the extent we believe that recovery is not more likely than not, we must establish a valuation allowance. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or increase this allowance in a period, we must include an expense within the tax provision in the statement of operations.
Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets
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and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets. Our deferred tax assets, consisting primarily of net operating loss carryforwards, amounted to $56.2 million as of the end of 2011. We have also recorded a valuation allowance of $56.1 million as of the end of 2011 due to uncertainties related to our ability to utilize our U.S. deferred tax assets before they expire. The valuation allowance is based on the uncertainty of our estimates of taxable income and the period over which we expect to recover our deferred tax assets.
Estimating Accrued Liabilities
We review our accounts payable and accrued liabilities at the end of each reporting period and accrue liabilities as appropriate. During this analysis, we consider items such as manufacturing activity, commitments made to or the level of activity with vendors, payroll and other employee-related commitments, historic spending, budgeted spending and anticipated changes in the cost of services.
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth the percentage of revenue for certain items in our statements of operations for the periods indicated:
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Statement of Operations: | |||||||||||
Revenue | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||
Cost of revenue | 40.6 | % | 36.7 | % | 51.2 | % | |||||
Long-lived asset impairment | — | % | — | % | 1.0 | % | |||||
Gross profit | 59.4 | % | 63.3 | % | 47.8 | % | |||||
Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
Research and development | 46.9 | % | 29.0 | % | 41.2 | % | |||||
Selling, general and administrative | 47.5 | % | 38.4 | % | 70.4 | % | |||||
Restructuring costs | — | % | — | % | 0.4 | % | |||||
Income (loss) from operations | (35.0 | )% | (4.1 | )% | (64.2 | )% | |||||
Gain on sale of TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. | — | % | 3.8 | % | — | % | |||||
Interest expense | (0.2 | )% | (0.3 | )% | (0.6 | )% | |||||
Interest income and other (expense), net | (0.8 | )% | (0.2 | )% | (0.4 | )% | |||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | (36.0 | )% | (0.3 | )% | (65.2 | )% | |||||
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes | 0.2 | % | (0.7 | )% | (0.4 | )% | |||||
Net income (loss) | (36.2 | )% | 0.4 | % | (64.8 | )% | |||||
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Revenue by product family(1) (in thousands): | |||||||||||
New products | $ | 5,326 | $ | 9,388 | $ | 4,877 | |||||
Mature products | 15,643 | 16,811 | 10,197 | ||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 20,969 | $ | 26,199 | $ | 15,074 | |||||
(1) | For all periods presented: New products represent products introduced since 2005, and include ArcticLink®, ArcticLink II, ArcticLink III, Eclipse™ II, PolarPro®, PolarPro II, and QuickPCI® II. Mature products include Eclipse, EclipsePlus, pASIC® 1, pASIC 2, pASIC 3, QuickFC, QuickMIPS, QuickPCI, QuickRAM®, and V3, as well as royalty revenue, programming hardware and software. |
Comparison of Fiscal Years 2011 and 2010
Revenue. The table below sets forth the changes in revenue for fiscal year 2011 as compared to fiscal year 2010 (in thousands, except percentage data):
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||
Amount | % of Total Revenues | Amount | % of Total Revenues | Year-Over-Year Change | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue by product line (1): | ||||||||||||||||||||
New products | $ | 5,326 | 25 | % | $ | 9,388 | 36 | % | $ | (4,062 | ) | (43 | )% | |||||||
Mature products | 15,643 | 75 | % | 16,811 | 64 | % | (1,168 | ) | (7 | )% | ||||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 20,969 | 100 | % | $ | 26,199 | 100 | % | $ | (5,230 | ) | (20 | )% | |||||||
_________________
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(1) For all periods presented: New products represent products introduced since 2005, and include ArcticLink, ArcticLink II, ArcticLink III, Eclipse II, PolarPro, PolarPro II, and QuickPCI II. Mature products include Eclipse, EclipsePlus, pASIC 1, pASIC 2, pASIC 3, QuickFC, QuickMIPS, QuickPCI, QuickRAM, and V3, as well as royalty revenue, programming hardware and software.
The decrease in revenue was due to decreases in new and in mature product revenue. New product revenue was negatively impacted by an over-supply of inventory already in the channel for our broadband data card and mobile enterprise customers and by reduced demand from a secure data card customer due to design changes in 2011. The mature product revenue was negatively affected by low bookings from our customers in the aerospace, test and instrumentation sectors in 2011. One of our U.S. customers, purchasing primarily pASIC 3 devices, accounted for 15% and 11% of total revenue in fiscal years 2011 and 2010, respectively.
In order to grow our revenue from its current level, we are dependent upon increased revenue from our new products, especially revenue from CSSPs designed using our ArcticLink, ArcticLink II, ArcticLink III, PolarPro and PolarPro II solution platforms and the development of additional new products and CSSPs.
We continue to seek to expand our revenue, including pursuing high volume sales opportunities in our target market segments, by providing CSSPs incorporating intellectual property such as our VEE/DPO technologies, boot from managed NAND or industry standard interfaces such as USB 2.0 OTG, SDIO and integrated drive electronics, or IDE, PS2, I2C, SPI, PWM and keyboard controllers. Our industry is characterized by intense price competition and by lower margins as order volumes increase. While winning large volume sales opportunities will increase our revenue, we believe these opportunities may decrease our gross profit as a percentage of revenue.
Gross Profit. The table below sets forth the changes in gross profit for fiscal year 2011 as compared to fiscal year 2010 (in thousands, except percentage data):
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||
Amount | % of Total Revenues | Amount | % of Total Revenues | Year-Over-Year Change | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 20,969 | 100 | % | $ | 26,199 | 100 | % | $ | (5,230 | ) | (20 | )% | |||||||
Cost of revenue | 8,517 | 41 | % | 9,609 | 37 | % | (1,092 | ) | (11 | )% | ||||||||||
Gross Profit | $ | 12,452 | 59 | % | $ | 16,590 | 63 | % | $ | (4,138 | ) | (25 | )% | |||||||
The $4.1 million decrease in gross profit in 2011 as compared to 2010 was mainly due to lower revenue, higher inventory reserve and higher unabsorbed overhead. The inventory reserve was $710,000 and $112,000 in 2011 and 2010, respectively. The increase in inventory reserve was primarily related to our PolarPro and PolarPro II product family. In addition, the decrease in gross profit was offset by the sale of previously reserved inventories of $336,000 and $580,000 in 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Our semiconductor products have historically had a long product life cycle and obsolescence has not been a significant factor in the valuation of inventories. However, as we pursue opportunities in the mobile market and continue to develop new CSSPs and products, we believe our product life cycle will be shorter and increase the potential for obsolescence. We also regularly review the cost of inventories against estimated market value and record a lower of cost or market reserve for inventories that have a cost in excess of estimated market value. This could have a material impact on our gross margin and inventory balances based on additional write-downs to net realizable value or a benefit from inventories previously written down.
Operating Expenses. The table below sets forth the changes in operating expenses for fiscal year 2011 as compared to fiscal year 2010 (in thousands, except percentage data):
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Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||
Amount | % of Total Revenues | Amount | % of Total Revenues | Year-Over-Year Change | ||||||||||||||||
R&D expense | $ | 9,836 | 47 | % | $ | 7,458 | 29 | % | $ | 2,378 | 32 | % | ||||||||
SG&A expense | 9,965 | 48 | % | 10,073 | 38 | % | (108 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||||
Total operating expenses | $ | 19,801 | 95 | % | $ | 17,531 | 67 | % | $ | 2,270 | 13 | % | ||||||||
Research and Development Expense. Our research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel, overhead and other costs associated with engineering process improvements, programmable logic design, CSSP design and software development. Research and development expense was $9.8 million and $7.5 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively, which represented 47% and 29% of revenue for those periods. The $2.4 million increase in R&D expenses in 2011 as compared to 2010 is attributable primarily to a $1.8 million or 109% increase in outside services due to an increased level of third party chip design costs; a $308,000 increase in compensation expenses due to salary reinstatement in the second half of 2010; and a $320,000 increase in depreciation expense including a mask set write-off of $119,000; and a $114,000 increase in purchased IP.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense. Our selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel and related overhead costs for sales, marketing, finance, administration, human resources and legal. Selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, expense was $10.0 million and $10.1 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively, which represented 48% and 38% of revenue for those periods. The $108,000 decrease in SG&A expenses in 2011 as compared to 2010 is attributable primarily to a $517,000 or 32% decrease in stock-based compensation expenses and a $100,000 or 3% decrease in outside services due to a decrease in sales commissions paid to third party sales representatives. This decrease was partially offset by a $273,000 or 6% increase in compensation expenses due to salary reinstatement in the second half of 2010; a $133,000 or 19% increase in travel and entertainment expenses; and a $100,000 or 70% increase in other employee costs.
Gain on Sale of TowerJazz Shares. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2010, we sold 700,000 of the TowerJazz ordinary shares which resulted in a realized gain of $993,000.
Interest Expense and Interest Income and Other, net
The table below sets forth the changes in interest expense and interest income and other, net for 2011 as compared to 2010:
Fiscal Years | Change | |||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense | $ | (36 | ) | $ | (67 | ) | $ | 31 | (46 | )% | ||||
Interest income and other, net | (159 | ) | (46 | ) | $ | (113 | ) | 246 | % | |||||
$ | (195 | ) | $ | (113 | ) | $ | (82 | ) | 73 | % | ||||
The decrease in interest expense is due primarily to the reduction of our average debt obligation to $300,000 in 2011 from $1.5 million in 2010. The change in interest income and other, net was due primarily to the other tax expenses including U.S. sales and use tax and business taxes in foreign jurisdictions, and foreign exchange losses in 2011 as compared to 2010.
We conduct a portion of our research and development activities in Canada and India and we have sales and marketing activities in various countries outside of the United States. Most of these international expenses are incurred in local currency. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in interest and other income (expense), net, as they occur. We do not use derivative financial instruments to hedge our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency and, therefore, our results of operations are and will continue to be susceptible to fluctuations in foreign exchange gains or losses.
Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes. The table below sets forth the changes in provision for (benefit from) income taxes for 2011 as compared to 2010:
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Fiscal Years | Change | |||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) | $ | 50 | $ | (184 | ) | $ | 234 | (127 | )% | |||||
The income tax expense (benefit) for 2011 and 2010 are primarily for our foreign operations which are cost-plus entities. Included within the benefit from income taxes for 2010 was an out of period adjustment relating to an intraperiod tax allocation resulting from the unrealized gains on our investment in TowerJazz. The adjustment in 2010 had the impact of increasing the benefit from income taxes by $209,000 for the year.
As of the end of 2011, our ability to utilize our U.S. deferred tax assets in future periods is uncertain and, accordingly, we have recorded a full valuation allowance against the related U.S. tax asset. We will continue to assess the realizability of deferred tax assets in future periods.
As of the end of 2011, we had net operating loss carryforwards for federal and state tax purposes of approximately $97.8 million and $46.1 million, respectively. These carryforwards, if not utilized to offset future taxable income and income taxes payable, will expire beginning in 2012 for federal and state purposes.
Stock-Based Compensation. For 2011 and 2010, stock-based compensation totaled $1.7 million and $2.4 million, respectively, and was included in the statement of operations as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Years | Change | |||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 131 | $ | 169 | $ | (38 | ) | (22 | )% | |||||
Research and development | 458 | 645 | (187 | ) | (29 | )% | ||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 1,087 | 1,604 | (517 | ) | (32 | )% | ||||||||
Total costs and expenses | $ | 1,676 | $ | 2,418 | $ | (742 | ) | (31 | )% | |||||
In 2010, we granted RSUs in lieu of cash compensation. Total stock-based compensation related to RSUs in lieu of cash was $414,000 in 2010. We issued net shares for the vested RSUs, withholding shares in settlement of employee tax withholding obligations.
The amount of stock-based compensation included in inventories at the end of 2011 and 2010 was not material and there was no tax effect on the financial statements for all periods presented.
Comparison of Fiscal Years 2010 and 2009
Revenue. The table below sets forth the changes in revenue for fiscal year 2010 as compared to fiscal year 2009 (in thousands, except percentage data):
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenue by product line (1): | Amount | % of Total Revenues | Amount | % of Total Revenues | Year-Over-Year Change | |||||||||||||||
New products | $ | 9,388 | 36 | % | $ | 4,877 | 32 | % | $ | 4,511 | 93 | % | ||||||||
Mature products | 16,811 | 64 | % | 10,197 | 68 | % | 6,614 | 65 | % | |||||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 26,199 | 100 | % | $ | 15,074 | 100 | % | $ | 11,125 | 74 | % | ||||||||
_________________
(1) For all periods presented: New products represent products introduced since 2005, and include ArcticLink, ArcticLink II, ArcticLink III, Eclipse II, PolarPro, PolarPro II, and QuickPCI II. Mature products include Eclipse, EclipsePlus, pASIC 1, pASIC 2, pASIC 3, QuickFC, QuickMIPS, QuickPCI, QuickRAM, and V3, as well as royalty revenue, programming hardware and software.
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The increase in revenue was due to increases in both our new and mature product lines. The increase in new product revenue was mainly driven by continued production shipments of new CSSPs to the wireless broadband access data card and secure access data card segments during 2010. The increase in mature product revenue primarily resulted from continued customer demand for pASIC 3 products. One of our U.S. customers, purchasing primarily pASIC 3 devices, accounted for 11% and 10% of total revenue in the fiscal years of 2010 and 2009, respectively.
In order to grow our revenue from its current level, we are dependent upon increased revenue from our new products, especially revenue from CSSPs designed using our ArcticLink, ArcticLink II, PolarPro and PolarPro II solution platforms and the development of additional new products and CSSPs.
We continue to seek to expand our revenue, including pursuing high volume sales opportunities in our target market segments, by providing CSSPs incorporating intellectual property such as boot from managed NAND or industry standard interfaces such as USB 2.0 OTG, SDIO and integrated drive electronics, or IDE, PS2, I2C, SPI, PWM and keyboard controllers. Our industry is characterized by intense price competition and by lower margins as order volumes increase. While winning large volume sales opportunities will increase our revenue, we believe these opportunities may decrease our gross profit as a percentage of revenue.
Gross Profit. The table below sets forth the changes in gross profit for fiscal year 2010 as compared to fiscal year 2009 (in thousands, except percentage data):
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
Amount | % of Total Revenues | Amount | % of Total Revenues | Year-Over-Year Change | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 26,199 | 100 | % | $ | 15,074 | 100 | % | $ | 11,125 | 74 | % | ||||||||
Cost of revenue | 9,609 | 37 | % | 7,715 | 52 | % | 1,894 | 25 | % | |||||||||||
Long-lived asset impairment | — | — | % | 150 | 1 | % | (150 | ) | (100 | )% | ||||||||||
Gross Profit | $ | 16,590 | 63 | % | $ | 7,209 | 47 | % | $ | 9,381 | 130 | % | ||||||||
The $9.4 million increase in gross profit in 2010 as compared to 2009 was mainly due to the increase in revenue; a favorable variance related to TowerJazz wafer purchases; a reduction of excess and obsolescence inventory write-downs; and and lower operation costs in 2010 as compared to 2009. The sale of previously reserved inventories reduced our cost of revenue by $580,000 and $399,000 in 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Our semiconductor products have historically had a long product life cycle and obsolescence has not been a significant factor in the valuation of inventories. However, as we pursue opportunities in the mobile market and continue to develop new CSSPs and products, we believe our product life cycle will be shorter and increase the potential for obsolescence. We also regularly review the cost of inventories against estimated market value and record a lower of cost or market reserve for inventories that have a cost in excess of estimated market value. This could have a material impact on our gross margin and inventory balances based on additional write-downs to net realizable value or a benefit from inventories previously written down.
Operating Expenses. The table below sets forth the changes in operating expenses for fiscal year 2010 as compared to fiscal year 2009 (in thousands, except percentage data):
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
Amount | % of Total Revenues | Amount | % of Total Revenues | Year-Over-Year Change | ||||||||||||||||
R&D expense | $ | 7,458 | 29 | % | $ | 6,203 | 41 | % | $ | 1,255 | 20 | % | ||||||||
SG&A expense | 10,073 | 38 | % | 10,617 | 70 | % | (544 | ) | (5 | )% | ||||||||||
Restructuring costs | — | — | % | 59 | — | % | (59 | ) | (100 | )% | ||||||||||
Total operating expenses | $ | 17,531 | 67 | % | $ | 16,879 | 111 | % | $ | 652 | 4 | % | ||||||||
Research and Development Expense. Our research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel, overhead
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and other costs associated with engineering process improvements, programmable logic design, CSSP design and software development. Research and development expense was $7.5 million and $6.2 million in 2010 and 2009, respectively, which represented 29% and 41% of revenue for those periods. The $1.3 million increase in R&D expenses in 2010 as compared to 2009 is attributable primarily to a $471,000 or 28% increase in compensation expenses due to salary reinstatement in the second half of 2010; a $346,000 or 26% increase in outside services due to an increased level of third party chip design costs; a $192,000 or 38% increase in depreciation expense; a $100,000 or 89% increase in occupancy costs; a $97,000 or 86% increase in travel and entertainment.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense. Our selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel and related overhead costs for sales, marketing, finance, administration, human resources and legal. Selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, expense was $10.1 million and $10.6 million in 2010 and 2009, respectively, which represented 38% and 70% of revenue for those periods. The $544,000 decrease in SG&A expenses in 2010 as compared to 2009 resulted from our effort to realign resources with our expected revenue outlook and was primarily due to a $734,000 or 14% decrease in compensation expenses due to a decrease in headcount; a $245,000 or 16% decrease in occupancy costs; a $185,000 or 82% decrease in depreciation expense. These decreases were partially offset by a $587,000 or 26% increase in outside services due to increased sales commissions paid to third party sales representatives.
Long-Lived Assets Impairment. During 2009, we wrote down the carrying value of TowerJazz prepaid wafer credit by $150,000. As of January 2, 2011, the Company had a zero carrying value for these wafer credits.
Restructuring Costs. In the fourth quarter of 2009, we recorded additional charges of $59,000 related to benefits paid to terminated employees as part of our reduction of worldwide headcount initiated in 2008. As of January 2, 2011, all remaining benefits have been paid.
Gain on Sale of TowerJazz Shares. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2010, we sold 700,000 of the TowerJazz ordinary shares which resulted in a realized gain of $993,000.
Interest Expense and Interest Income and Other, Net
The table below sets forth the changes in interest expense and interest income and other, net, for 2010 as compared to 2009:
Fiscal Years | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||
Interest expense | $ | (67 | ) | $ | (93 | ) | |
Interest income and other, net | (46 | ) | (54 | ) | |||
$ | (113 | ) | $ | (147 | ) | ||
The decrease in interest expense is due primarily to the reduction of our average debt obligation to $1.5 million in 2010 from $2.6 million in 2009. The decrease in interest income and other, net was due primarily to the interest rate decrease and foreign exchange losses in 2010 as compared to 2009.
We conduct a portion of our research and development activities in Canada and India and we have sales and marketing activities in various countries outside of the United States. Most of these international expenses are incurred in local currency. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in interest and other income (expense), net, as they occur. We do not use derivative financial instruments to hedge our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency and, therefore, our results of operations are and will continue to be susceptible to fluctuations in foreign exchange gains or losses.
Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes. The table below sets forth the changes in provision for (benefit from) income taxes for 2010 as compared to 2009:
Fiscal Years | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) | $ | (184 | ) | $ | (63 | ) | |
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The income tax benefits for 2010 and 2009 are primarily for our foreign operations which are cost-plus entities offset by the monetization of prior year federal research credits. Included within the benefit from income taxes for 2010 was an out of period adjustment relating to an intraperiod tax allocation resulting from the unrealized gains on our investment in TowerJazz. The adjustment in 2010 had the impact of increasing the benefit from income taxes by $209,000 for the year.
As of the end of 2010, our ability to utilize our income tax loss carryforwards in future periods is uncertain and, accordingly, we have recorded a full valuation allowance against the related U.S. tax asset. We will continue to assess the realizability of deferred tax assets in future periods.
As of the end of 2010, we had net operating loss carryforwards for federal and state tax purposes of approximately $97.1 million and $42.7 million, respectively. These carryforwards, if not utilized to offset future taxable income and income taxes payable, will expire beginning in 2011 for federal and state purposes.
Stock-Based Compensation. For 2010 and 2009, stock-based compensation totaled $2.4 million and $2.4 million, respectively, and was included in the statement of operations as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Years | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 169 | $ | 280 | |||
Research and development | 645 | 576 | |||||
Selling, general and administrative | 1,604 | 1,528 | |||||
Total costs and expenses | $ | 2,418 | $ | 2,384 | |||
In 2010 and 2009, we granted RSUs in lieu of cash compensation. Total stock-based compensation related to RSUs in lieu of cash was $414,000 and $490,000 in 2010 and 2009, respectively. We issued net shares for the vested RSUs, withholding shares in settlement of employee tax withholding obligations.
The amount of stock-based compensation included in inventories at the end of 2010 and 2009 was not material and there was no tax effect on the financial statements for all periods presented.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have financed our operating losses and capital investments through sales of common stock, private equity investments, capital and operating leases, bank line of credit and cash flow from operations. As of January 1, 2012, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of our cash and cash equivalents of $20.2 million, available credit under our revolving line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank of $6.0 million, and our investment in TowerJazz with a market value of approximately $406,000. As of January 1, 2012 there is no material difference between the fair value and the carrying amount of the debt outstanding under the Company's line of credit and capital leasing arrangements. The borrowing under the Company's line of credit is subject to maintaining a tangible net worth of at least $15.0 million, unrestricted cash or cash equivalent balance of at least $8.0 million and a quick ratio of 2-to-1. We plan to extend the term of the revolving debt facility which currently runs until June 2012. Upon each advance, the Company can elect a variable interest rate, which is the prime rate plus one half of one percent, or a fixed rate which is the LIBOR plus the LIBOR rate margin. We were in compliance with all loan covenants as of the end of the current reporting period.
On August 21, 2009, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3, which was declared effective on September 2, 2009. On November 17, 2009, the Company issued 4,305,929 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 3,229,446 shares of common stock in a registered direct offering under the shelf registration statement. The common stock and warrants were issued in units (the “Units”), with each Unit consisting of (i) one share of common stock and (ii) a warrant to purchase 0.75 of a share of common stock, at a negotiated purchase price of $1.45 per Unit. The Company received net proceeds from the offering of $5.5 million, net of placement agent's fees and other offering expenses of $774,000. Under the shelf registration statement, the Company has the ability to raise up to an additional $16.8 million through September 1, 2012. There can be no assurance that such capital will be available on terms acceptable to the Company.
Most of our cash and cash equivalents were invested in a U.S. Treasury money market fund rated AAAm/Aaa. Our
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interest-bearing debt consisted of $287,000 outstanding under capital leases (see Note 6 of the Consolidated Financial Statements). During 2010, we sold 700,000 shares of the TowerJazz ordinary shares. As of January 1, 2012, the 644,543 remaining shares of our investment in TowerJazz had a market value of approximately $406,000.
Cash balances held at our foreign subsidiaries were approximately $950,000 and $985,000 at January 1, 2012 and January 2, 2011, respectively. Earnings from our foreign subsidiaries are currently deemed to be indefinitely reinvested. We do not expect such reinvestment to affect our liquidity and capital resources, and we continuously evaluate our liquidity needs and ability to meet global cash requirements as a part of our overall capital deployment strategy. Factors which affect our global capital deployment strategy include anticipated cash flows, the ability to repatriate cash in a tax efficient manner, funding requirements for operations and investment activities, acquisitions and divestitures, and capital market conditions.
Net Cash from Operating Activities
In 2011, net cash used for operating activities was $2.5 million and resulted from changes in working capital offset by a net loss of $8 million which included $3.7 million in non-cash charges. These non-cash charges included write-downs of inventories in the amount of $710,000 to reflect excess quantities, depreciation and amortization of our long-lived assets of $1.2 million, and stock-based compensation of $1.7 million. In addition, changes in working capital accounts used cash of $1.4 million as a result of an decrease in accounts receivable of $2.6 million, increase in inventory of $1.1 million, and increase in accounts payable of $312,000. These cash uses were partially offset by a decrease in deferred royalty revenue of $320,000.
In 2010, net cash used for operating activities was $147,000 and resulted from changes in working capital offset by a net income of $123,000 which included $2.6 million in non-cash charges. These non-cash charges included write-downs of inventories in the amount of $112,000 to reflect excess quantities, depreciation and amortization of our long-lived assets of $1.2 million, and stock-based compensation of $2.4 million. In addition, changes in working capital accounts used cash of $2.8 million as a result of an increase in accounts receivable of $1.7 million, increase in inventory of $1.3 million, increase in other assets of $105,000, and decrease in accounts payable of $352,000. These cash uses were partially offset by an increase in accrued liabilities and other long term liabilities of $631,000.
In 2009, net cash used for operating activities was $5.7 million and resulted from a net loss of $9.8 million, which included $5.3 million of non-cash charges. These non-cash charges included write-downs of inventories in the amount of $418,000 to reflect excess quantities, depreciation and amortization of our long-lived assets of $1.8 million, stock-based compensation of $2.4 million, long-lived asset impairment of $150,000, and a utilization of TowerJazz prepaid wafer credits of $443,000. In addition, changes in working capital accounts used cash of $1.2 million as a result of a decrease in deferred income and royalty revenue of $274,000, increased inventories of $637,000, a decrease in accrued liabilities of $437,000 and an increase in accounts receivable of $711,000. These cash uses were partially offset by a decrease in other assets of $413,000 and an increase in accounts payable of $456,000 due to the timing of expenditures and purchase of inventories at the end of 2009.
Net Cash from Investing Activities
Net cash used by investing activities for 2011 was $896,000, resulting from capital expenditures made primarily to acquire manufacturing equipment.
In 2010 and 2009, net cash used for investing activities was $270,000 and $124,000, respectively, as a result of capital expenditures made primarily to acquire software used in the development and production of our products and solutions.
Net Cash from Financing Activities
In 2011, net cash provided by financing activities was $1.6 million, resulting from $2.0 million of proceeds related to the issuance of common shares to employees under our equity plans, partially offset by payments of $408,000 under the terms of our debt and capital lease obligations.
In 2010, net cash provided by financing activities was $3.6 million, resulting from $6.0 million in proceeds from the revolving line of credit and $6.0 million of proceeds related to warrants exercised by private stockholders and the issuance of common shares to employees under our equity plans, partially offset by payments of $8.4 million under the terms of our debt and capital lease obligations.
In 2009, net cash provided by financing activities was $4.6 million, resulting from payments of $9.0 million under the terms of our debt and capital lease obligations, partially offset by $8.0 million in proceeds from the revolving line of credit and
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$5.6 million of proceeds related to the issuance of common shares under the registered direct offering and to employees under the equity plans.
We require substantial cash to fund our business. However, we believe that our existing cash resources will be sufficient to fund operations and capital expenditures, and provide adequate working capital for at least the next twelve months. After the next twelve months, our cash requirements will depend on many factors, including our level of revenue and gross profit, the market acceptance of our existing and new products, the levels at which we maintain inventories and accounts receivable, costs of securing access to adequate manufacturing capacity, new product development efforts, capital expenditures and the level of our operating expenses.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of the end of 2011 and the effect such obligations and commitments are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future fiscal periods (in thousands):
Payments Due by Period | |||||||||||||||
Total | Less than 1 year | 1-3 Years | More than 3 Years | ||||||||||||
Contractual cash obligations: | |||||||||||||||
Operating leases | $ | 591 | $ | 540 | $ | 51 | $ | — | |||||||
Wafer purchases(1) | 532 | 532 | — | — | |||||||||||
Other purchase commitments | 3,479 | 2,729 | 750 | — | |||||||||||
Total contractual cash obligations | 4,602 | 3,801 | 801 | — | |||||||||||
Other commercial commitments(2): | |||||||||||||||
Capital lease obligations | 287 | 141 | 146 | — | |||||||||||
Total commercial commitments | 287 | 141 | 146 | — | |||||||||||
Total contractual obligations and commercial commitments(3) | $ | 4,889 | $ | 3,942 | $ | 947 | $ | — | |||||||
(1) | Certain of our wafer manufacturers require us to forecast wafer starts several months in advance. We are committed to take delivery of and pay for a portion of forecasted wafer volume. Wafer purchase commitments of $532,000 include both firm purchase commitments and a portion of our forecasted wafer starts as of the end of 2011. |
(2) | Other commercial commitments are included as liabilities on our balance sheets as of the end of 2011. |
(3) | Does not include unrecognized tax benefits of $77,000 as of the end of 2011. See Note 8. |
Concentration of Suppliers
We depend on a limited number of contract manufacturers, subcontractors, and suppliers for wafer fabrication, assembly, programming and testing of our devices, and for the supply of programming equipment. These services are typically provided by one supplier for each of our devices. We generally purchase these single or limited source services through standard purchase orders. Because we rely on independent subcontractors to perform these services, we cannot directly control product delivery schedules, costs or quality levels. Our future success also depends on the financial viability of our independent subcontractors. These subcontract manufacturers produce products for other companies and we must place orders in advance of expected delivery. As a result, we have only a limited ability to react to fluctuations in demand for our products, which could cause us to have an excess or a shortage of inventories of a particular product, and our ability to respond to changes in demand is limited by these suppliers' ability to provide products with the quantity, quality, cost and timeliness that we require. The decision not to provide these services to us or the inability to supply these services to us, such as in the case of a natural or financial disaster, would have a significant impact on our business. Increased demand from other companies could result in these subcontract manufacturers allocating available capacity to customers that are larger or have long-term supply contracts in place and we may be unable to obtain adequate foundry and other capacity at acceptable prices, or we may experience delays or interruption in supply. Additionally, volatility of economic, market, social and political conditions in countries where these suppliers operate may be unpredictable and could result in a reduction in product revenue or increase our cost of revenue and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
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We do not maintain any off-balance sheet partnerships, arrangements or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or others, often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which are established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
37
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs”, which is intended to improve comparability of fair value measurements presented and disclosed in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally, accepted accounting principles and International Financial Reporting Standards. This standard clarifies the application of existing fair value measurement requirements including (1) the application of the highest and best use valuation premise, (2) the methodology to measure the fair value of an instrument classified in a reporting entity’s shareholders’ equity, (3) disclosure requirements for quantitative information on Level 3 fair value measurements and (4) guidance on measuring the fair value of financial instruments managed within a portfolio. In addition, the standard requires additional disclosures of the sensitivity of fair value to changes in unobservable inputs for Level 3 securities. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending on or after December 15, 2011. Based on the Company’s evaluation of the ASU, the adoption of ASU 2011-04 will not have material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Presentation of Comprehensive Income”, which requires that comprehensive income be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net earnings. This standard no longer allows companies to present components of other comprehensive income only in the statement of equity. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements other than the prescribed change in presentation.
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-11, “Balance Sheet (Topic 210)—Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” (“ASU 2011-11”). The update requires entities to disclose information about offsetting and related arrangements of financial instruments and derivative instruments. ASU 2011-11 is effective for the Company in the first quarter of its fiscal year ending June 30, 2014 (“fiscal 2014”). The Company currently believes there will be no significant impact on its financial statements.
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) – Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05. ASU 2011-12 defers only those changes in Update No. 2011-05 that relate to the presentation of the reclassification adjustments. Under the amendments in Update No. 2011-05, entities are required to present reclassification adjustments and the effect of those reclassification adjustments on the face of the financial statements where net income presented, by component of net income, and on the face of the financial statements where other comprehensive income is presented, by component of other comprehensive income. In addition, the amendments in Update No. 2011-05 require that reclassification adjustments be presented in interim financial periods. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements other than the prescribed change in presentation.
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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to market rate risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio and variable rate debt. We do not use derivative financial instruments to manage our interest rate risk. We are adverse to principal loss and ensure the safety and preservation of invested funds by limiting default, market risk and reinvestment risk. Our investment portfolio is generally comprised of investments that meet high credit quality standards and have active secondary and resale markets. Since these securities are subject to interest rate risk, they could decline in value if interest rates fluctuate or if the liquidity of the investment portfolio were to change. Due to the short duration and conservative nature of our investment portfolio, we do not anticipate any material loss with respect to our investment portfolio. A 10% move in interest rates as of the end of 2010 would have an immaterial effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
All of our sales and cost of manufacturing are transacted in U.S. dollars. We conduct a portion of our research and development activities in Canada and India and have sales and marketing offices in several locations outside of the United States. We use the U.S. dollar as our functional currency. Most of the costs incurred at these international locations are in local currency. If these local currencies strengthen against the U.S. dollar, our payroll and other local expenses will be higher than we currently anticipate. Since our sales are transacted in U.S. dollars, this negative impact on expenses would not be offset by any positive effect on revenue. Operating expenses denominated in foreign currencies were approximately 16%, 16%, and 18% of total operating expenses in 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. A majority of these foreign expenses were incurred in Canada. A currency exchange rate fluctuation of 10% would have caused our operating expenses to change by approximately $319,000 in 2011.
Equity Price Risk
Our exposure to equity price risk for changes in market value relates primarily to our investment in TowerJazz. TowerJazz's ordinary shares trade on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “TSEM”. Since these securities are publicly traded on the open market, they are subject to market fluctuations. Temporary market fluctuations are reflected by increasing or decreasing the presented value of the related securities and recording “accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” in the equity section of the balance sheet. An “other than temporary” decline in market value is reflected by decreasing the carrying value of the related securities and recording a charge to operating expenses in the income statement. We wrote down the value of the TowerJazz shares due to an “other than temporary” decline in their market value by $15.1 million between 2001 and 2008. The determination that the decline in market value was “other than temporary” included factors such as the then current market value and the period of time that the market value had been below the carrying value in each of the respective periods. In 2011, we had a net ending balance of an unrealized gain of $113,272. The carrying value of the TowerJazz ordinary shares was $0.63 per share as of the end of 2011.
There have been no changes since the end of the last fiscal year, in the risk exposures described above or the management of such exposures and there are no expected changes going forward.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page | |
40
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of QuickLogic Corporation:
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of QuickLogic Corporation and its subsidiaries at January 1, 2012 and January 2, 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 1, 2012 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed under Item 15 (a) (2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of January 1, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in Management's Annual Reports on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting under item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Jose, California
March 9, 2012
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QUICKLOGIC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amount) | |||||||||||
Statement of Operations: | |||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 20,969 | $ | 26,199 | $ | 15,074 | |||||
Cost of revenue | 8,517 | 9,609 | 7,715 | ||||||||
Long-lived asset impairment | — | — | 150 | ||||||||
Gross profit | 12,452 | 16,590 | 7,209 | ||||||||
Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
Research and development | 9,836 | 7,458 | 6,203 | ||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 9,965 | 10,073 | 10,617 | ||||||||
Restructuring costs | — | — | 59 | ||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | (7,349 | ) | (941 | ) | (9,670 | ) | |||||
Gain on sale of TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. Shares | — | 993 | — | ||||||||
Interest expense | (36 | ) | (67 | ) | (93 | ) | |||||
Interest income and other, net | (159 | ) | (46 | ) | (54 | ) | |||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | (7,544 | ) | (61 | ) | (9,817 | ) | |||||
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes | 50 | (184 | ) | (63 | ) | ||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (7,594 | ) | $ | 123 | $ | (9,754 | ) | |||
Net Income (loss) per share: | |||||||||||
Basic | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | — | $ | (0.32 | ) | |||
Diluted | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | — | $ | (0.32 | ) | |||
Weighted average shares: | |||||||||||
Basic | 36,792 | 35,729 | 30,739 | ||||||||
Diluted | 36,792 | 39,038 | 30,739 | ||||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
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QUICKLOGIC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par value amount)
January 1, 2012 | January 2, 2011 | ||||||
ASSETS | |||||||
Current assets: | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 20,203 | $ | 21,956 | |||
Short-term investment in TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. | 406 | 909 | |||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $10 and $16, respectively | 1,585 | 4,143 | |||||
Inventories | 3,764 | 3,344 | |||||
Other current assets | 613 | 772 | |||||
Total current assets | 26,571 | 31,124 | |||||
Property and equipment, net | 2,181 | 2,312 | |||||
Other assets | 211 | 192 | |||||
Total Assets | $ | 28,963 | $ | 33,628 | |||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||
Current liabilities: | |||||||
Trade payables | $ | 2,464 | $ | 2,152 | |||
Accrued liabilities | 1,118 | 1,303 | |||||
Deferred royalty revenue | 8 | 328 | |||||
Current portion of debt and capital lease obligations | 141 | 408 | |||||
Total current liabilities | 3,731 | 4,191 | |||||
Long-term liabilities: | |||||||
Capital lease obligations, less current portion | 146 | — | |||||
Other long-term liabilities | 148 | 124 | |||||
Total liabilities | 4,025 | 4,315 | |||||
Commitments and contingencies (see Notes 15 and 16) | |||||||
Stockholders' equity: | |||||||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding | — | — | |||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000 shares authorized; 38,636 and 37,806 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | 39 | 38 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital | 190,025 | 186,304 | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 113 | 616 | |||||
Accumulated deficit | (165,239 | ) | (157,645 | ) | |||
Total stockholders' equity | 24,938 | 29,313 | |||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | $ | 28,963 | $ | 33,628 | |||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
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QUICKLOGIC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands)
Common Stock at Par Value | Additional Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders' Equity | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 28, 2008 | 29,909 | $ | 30 | $ | 169,846 | $ | — | $ | (148,014 | ) | $ | 21,862 | ||||||||||
Common stock issued under stock plans and employee stock purchase plans | 827 | 1 | 166 | — | — | 167 | ||||||||||||||||
Private Stock Offering, net of issuance costs and warrants | 4,306 | 4 | 3,431 | — | — | 3,435 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock warrants | — | — | 2,035 | — | — | 2,035 | ||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities | — | — | — | 1,130 | — | 1,130 | ||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | 2,384 | — | — | 2,384 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | — | — | — | — | (9,754 | ) | (9,754 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Balance at January 3, 2010 | 35,042 | 35 | 177,862 | 1,130 | (157,768 | ) | 21,259 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock issued under stock plans and employee stock purchase plans | 1,471 | 2 | 3,227 | — | — | 3,229 | ||||||||||||||||
Private Stock Offering, net of issuance costs and warrants | — | — | 18 | — | — | 18 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock warrants | 1,293 | 1 | 2,779 | — | — | 2,780 | ||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities | — | — | — | (514 | ) | — | (514 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | 2,418 | — | — | 2,418 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | — | — | — | — | 123 | 123 | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 2, 2011 | 37,806 | 38 | 186,304 | 616 | (157,645 | ) | 29,313 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock issued under stock plans and employee stock purchase plans | 830 | 1 | 2,045 | — | — | 2,046 | ||||||||||||||||
Private Stock Offering, net of issuance costs and warrants | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock from exercise of warrants | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities (See Note 4) | — | — | — | (503 | ) | — | (503 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | 1,676 | — | — | 1,676 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | — | — | — | — | (7,594 | ) | (7,594 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2012 | 38,636 | $ | 39 | $ | 190,025 | $ | 113 | $ | (165,239 | ) | $ | 24,938 | ||||||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
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QUICKLOGIC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (7,594 | ) | $ | 123 | $ | (9,754 | ) | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities: | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,220 | 1,236 | 1,750 | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 1,676 | 2,418 | 2,384 | |||||||||
Utilization of wafer credits from TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. | — | (27 | ) | 443 | ||||||||
Write-down of inventories | 710 | 112 | 418 | |||||||||
Long-lived asset impairment | — | — | 150 | |||||||||
Gain on TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. Shares | — | (993 | ) | — | ||||||||
Tax effect on other comprehensive income | — | (209 | ) | — | ||||||||
Gain/loss on disposal of equipment | (8 | ) | 18 | — | — | |||||||
Write-off of equipment | 102 | 8 | 111 | |||||||||
Bad debt expense | — | 7 | — | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | 2,558 | (1,693 | ) | (711 | ) | |||||||
Inventories | (1,130 | ) | (1,337 | ) | (637 | ) | ||||||
Other assets | 140 | (105 | ) | 413 | ||||||||
Trade payables | 312 | (352 | ) | 456 | ||||||||
Accrued liabilities | (185 | ) | 507 | (437 | ) | |||||||
Deferred income | (320 | ) | 16 | (274 | ) | |||||||
Other long-term liabilities | 24 | 124 | — | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities | (2,495 | ) | (147 | ) | (5,688 | ) | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditures for property and equipment | (896 | ) | (829 | ) | (124 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of equipment | — | 15 | — | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale provided by TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. shares | — | 1,084 | — | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (896 | ) | 270 | (124 | ) | |||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||||
Payment of debt and capital lease obligations | (408 | ) | (8,389 | ) | (9,006 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from debt obligations | — | 6,000 | 8,000 | |||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | 2,046 | 6,027 | 6,411 | |||||||||
Placement agent fees and other issuance costs | — | — | (774 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 1,638 | 3,638 | 4,631 | |||||||||
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (1,753 | ) | 3,761 | (1,181 | ) | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 21,956 | 18,195 | 19,376 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 20,203 | $ | 21,956 | $ | 18,195 | ||||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | ||||||||||||
Interest paid | $ | 43 | $ | 71 | $ | 90 | ||||||
Income taxes paid | $ | 21 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities : | ||||||||||||
Capital lease obligation to finance capital expenditures and related maintenance | $ | 287 | $ | 408 | $ | 513 | ||||||
Purchase of equipment included in accounts payable | $ | 371 | $ | 97 | $ | 273 | ||||||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
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QUICKLOGIC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands)
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Revenue | $ | 20,969 | $ | 26,199 | $ | 15,074 | |||||
Expense | (28,513 | ) | (27,253 | ) | (24,891 | ) | |||||
Gain on sale of TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. Shares | — | 993 | — | ||||||||
Income (loss) from operations before income taxes | (7,544 | ) | (61 | ) | (9,817 | ) | |||||
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes | 50 | (184 | ) | (63 | ) | ||||||
Net Income (loss) attributable to the company | $ | (7,594 | ) | $ | 123 | $ | (9,754 | ) | |||
QUICKLOGIC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands)
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (7,594 | ) | $ | 123 | $ | (9,754 | ) | |||
Other comprehensive gain (loss), net of tax: | |||||||||||
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments (See Note 4) | (503 | ) | (514 | ) | 1,130 | ||||||
Total comprehensive Income (loss) | $ | (8,097 | ) | $ | (391 | ) | $ | (8,624 | ) | ||
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
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NOTE 1-THE COMPANY AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
QuickLogic Corporation, referenced herein as QuickLogic or the Company, was founded in 1988 and reincorporated in Delaware in 1999. The Company develops and markets low power programmable solutions that enable customers to add differentiated features and capabilities to their mobile, consumer and industrial products. The Company is a fabless semiconductor company that designs, markets, and supports Customer Specific Standard Products, or CSSPs, Field Programmable Gate Arrays, or FPGAs, application solutions, associated design software and programming hardware.
QuickLogic Corporation's fiscal year ends on the Sunday closest to December 31. Fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009 ended on January 1, 2012, January 2, 2011 and January 3, 2010, respectively.
Liquidity
We have financed our operations and capital investments through sales of common stock, private equity investments, capital and operating leases, bank lines of credit and cash flows from operations. As of January 1, 2012, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of our cash and cash equivalents of $20.2 million, available credit under our revolving line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank of $6.0 million, which expires on June 28, 2012, and our investment in TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd., or TowerJazz, with a fair value of approximately $406,000.
The Company anticipates that its existing cash resources will fund operations, finance purchases of capital equipment and provide adequate working capital for the next twelve months. The Company's liquidity is affected by many factors including, among others, the level of revenue and gross profit as a result of the cyclicality of the semiconductor industry, the conversion of design opportunities into revenue, market acceptance of existing and new products including CSSPs based on our ArcticLink™ and PolarPro® solution platforms, fluctuations in revenue as a result of product end-of-life, fluctuations in revenue as a result of the stage in the product life cycle of its customers' products, costs of securing access to and availability of adequate manufacturing capacity, levels of inventories, wafer purchase commitments, customer credit terms, the amount and timing of research and development expenditures, the timing of new product introductions, production volumes, product quality, sales and marketing efforts, the value and liquidity of its investment portfolio, changes in operating assets and liabilities, the ability to obtain or renew debt financing and to remain in compliance with the terms of existing credit facilities, the ability to raise funds from the sale of shares of TowerJazz and equity in the Company, the issuance and exercise of stock options and participation in the Company's employee stock purchase plan, and other factors related to the uncertainties of the industry and global economics. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that events in the future will not require the Company to seek additional capital or, if so required, that such capital will be available on terms acceptable to the Company.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of QuickLogic Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the United States dollar.
Foreign Currency
The functional currency of the Company's non-U.S. operations is the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, all monetary assets and liabilities of these foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at current period-end exchange rates and non-monetary assets and related elements of expense are translated using historical rates of exchange. Income and expense elements are translated to U.S. dollars using average exchange rates in effect during the period. Gains and losses from the foreign currency transactions of these subsidiaries are recorded as interest income and other, net in the statement of operations.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, particularly in relation to revenue recognition, the allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns, valuation of investments, valuation of long-lived assets, valuation of inventories including identification of excess quantities, market value and obsolescence, measurement of stock-based compensation awards, accounting for income taxes and estimating accrued liabilities.
47
Concentration of Risk
The Company's accounts receivable are denominated in U.S. dollars and are derived primarily from sales to customers located in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral. See Note 12 for information regarding concentrations associated with accounts receivable. The Company's investment in TowerJazz is subject to equity risk. See Note 4 for information regarding the Company's investment in TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd.
NOTE 2-SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Cash Equivalents
All highly liquid investments purchased with a remaining maturity of ninety days or less are considered cash equivalents. The Company's investment portfolio included in cash equivalents is generally comprised of investments that meet high credit quality standards. The Company's investment portfolio consists of money market funds, which are precluded from investing in auction rate securities. These funds invest in U.S. government obligations and repurchase agreements secured by U.S. Treasury obligations and U.S. government agency obligations. The fair value of this portfolio is based on market prices for securities with active secondary and resale markets.
Fair Value
The guidance for the fair value option for financial assets and financial liabilities provides companies the irrevocable option to measure many financial assets and liabilities at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings or equity. The Company has not elected to measure any financial assets or liabilities at fair value that were not previously required to be measured at fair value.
Foreign Currency Transactions
All of the Company's sales and cost of manufacturing are transacted in U.S. dollars. The Company conducts a portion of its research and development activities in Canada and India and has sales and marketing activities in various countries outside of the United States. Most of these international expenses are incurred in local currency. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses, which are not significant, are included in interest income and other, net, as they occur. Operating expenses denominated in foreign currencies were approximately 16%, 16% and 18% of total operating expenses in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The Company incurred a majority of these foreign currency expenses in Canada. The Company has not used derivative financial instruments to hedge its exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency and, therefore, is susceptible to fluctuations in foreign exchange gains or losses in its results of operations in future reporting periods.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of standard cost or net realizable value. Standard cost approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company routinely evaluates quantities and values of its inventories in light of current market conditions and market trends and records reserves for quantities in excess of demand and product obsolescence. The evaluation, which inherently involves judgments as to assumptions about expected future demand and the impact of market conditions on these assumptions, takes into consideration historic usage, expected demand, anticipated sales price, the stage in the product life cycle of its customers' products, new product development schedules, the effect new products might have on the sale of existing products, product obsolescence, customer design activity, customer concentrations, product merchantability and other factors. Market conditions are subject to change. Actual consumption of inventories could differ from forecasted demand, and this difference could have a material impact on the Company's gross margin and inventory balances based on additional provisions for excess or obsolete inventories or a benefit from inventories previously written down. The Company also regularly reviews the cost of inventories against estimated market value and records a lower of cost or market reserve for inventories that have a cost in excess of estimated market value, which could have a material impact on the Company's gross margin and inventory balances based on additional write-downs to net realizable value or a benefit from inventories previously written down.
The Company's semiconductor products have historically had an unusually long product life cycle and obsolescence has not been a significant factor in the valuation of inventories. However, as the Company pursues opportunities in the mobile market and continues to develop new CSSPs and products, the Company believes its product life cycle will be shorter and increase the potential for obsolescence. A significant decrease in demand could result in an increase in the amount of excess inventory on hand. Although we make every effort to ensure the accuracy of our forecasts of future product demand, any
48
significant unanticipated changes in demand or frequent new product developments could have a significant impact on the value of our inventory and our results of operations.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally one to seven years. Amortization of leasehold improvements and capital leases is computed on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally one to seven years.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, prepaid wafer credits and investments, annually and when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the Company's ability to recover the carrying value of the asset or asset group from the expected future pre-tax cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset or asset group, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value, and the carrying value of the related assets is reduced by this difference. The measurement of impairment requires management to estimate future cash flows and the fair value of long-lived assets.
During 2011, 2010, and 2009, the Company wrote-off equipment with a net book value of $102,000, $8,000 and $111,000, respectively. During 2009, the Company reduced the carrying value of the TowerJazz prepaid wafer credit by $150,000.
Licensed Intellectual Property
The Company licenses intellectual property that is incorporated into its products. Costs incurred under license agreements prior to the establishment of technological feasibility are included in research and development expense as incurred. Costs incurred for intellectual property once technological feasibility has been established and that can be used in multiple products are capitalized as a long-term asset. Once a product incorporating licensed intellectual property has production sales, the amount is amortized over the estimated useful life of the asset, generally up to five years.
Revenue Recognition
We supply standard products which must be programmed before they can be used in an application. Our products may be programmed by us, distributors, end-customers or third parties. Once programmed, our parts cannot be erased and, therefore, programmed parts are generally only useful to a specific customer.
We recognize revenue as products are shipped if evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable, collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured and product returns are reasonably estimable. Revenue is recognized upon shipment of both programmed and unprogrammed parts to OEM customers, provided that legal title and risk of ownership have transferred.
Prior to the first quarter of 2009, our agreements with distributors allowed for price adjustments and, in the case of unprogrammed parts, certain rights of return on unsold inventories. During the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, we renegotiated our agreements with our distributors. Under the new agreements, post shipment price adjustments such as Ship from Stock and Debits, or SSD, have been eliminated and parts held by the distributor may be returned for quality reasons only under our standard warranty policy. Revenue was recognized upon the shipment of programmed and unprogrammed parts to distributors throughout 2011.
Software revenue from sales of design tools is recognized when persuasive evidence of an agreement exists, delivery of the software has occurred, no significant Company obligations with regard to implementation or integration remain, the fee is fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured.
Warranty Costs
The Company warrants finished goods against defects in material and workmanship under normal use for twelve months from the date of shipment. The Company does not have significant product warranty related costs or liabilities.
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Advertising
Costs related to advertising and promotion expenditures are charged to “Selling, general and administrative” expense as incurred. To date, costs related to advertising and promotion expenditures have not been material.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company adopted the provisions to record stock-based compensation beginning fiscal year 2006. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under the provisions of the amended authoritative guidance, and related interpretations which require the measurement and recognition of expense related to the fair value of stock-based compensation awards. The fair value of stock-based compensation awards is measured at the grant date and re-measured upon modification, as appropriate. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of employee stock options and rights to purchase shares under the Company's 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or ESPP, consistent with the provisions of the amended authoritative guidance. The fair value of restricted stock awards, or RSAs, and restricted stock units, or RSUs, is based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. Equity compensation awards which vest with service are expensed on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Performance based awards that are expected to vest are expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The Company regularly reviews the assumptions used to compute the fair value of its stock-based awards and it will revise its assumptions as appropriate. In the event that assumptions used to compute the fair value of its stock-based awards are later determined to be inaccurate or if the Company changes its assumptions significantly in future periods, stock-based compensation expense and the results of operations could be materially impacted. See Note 11.
Accounting for Income Taxes
As part of the process of preparing our financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating our actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from different tax and accounting treatment of items, such as deferred revenue, allowance for doubtful accounts, the impact of equity awards, depreciation and amortization and employee related accruals. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included on our balance sheets. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and to the extent we believe that recovery is not more likely than not, we must establish a valuation allowance. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or increase this allowance in a period, we must include an expense within the tax provision in the statement of operations.
Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets. Our deferred tax assets, consisting primarily of net operating loss carryforwards, amounted to $56.2 million as of the end of 2011. We have also recorded a valuation allowance of $56.1 million as of the end of 2011 due to uncertainties related to our ability to utilize our U.S. deferred tax assets before they expire. The valuation allowance is based on the uncertainty of our estimates of taxable income and the period over which we expect to recover our deferred tax assets.
Concentration of Credit and Equity Risk and Suppliers
Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with high quality institutions. The Company's accounts receivable are denominated in U.S. dollars and are derived primarily from sales to customers located in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral. See Note 12 for information regarding concentrations associated with accounts receivable. The Company's investment in TowerJazz is subject to equity risk. See Note 4 for information regarding the Company's investment in TowerJazz.
The Company depends on a limited number of contract manufacturers, subcontractors, and suppliers for wafer fabrication, assembly, programming and test of its devices, and for the supply of programming equipment, and these services are typically provided by one supplier for each of the Company's devices. The Company generally purchases these single or limited source services through standard purchase orders or under its agreement with TowerJazz. Because the Company relies on independent subcontractors to perform these services, it cannot directly control its product delivery schedules, costs or quality levels. The Company's future success also depends on the financial viability of its independent subcontractors.
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Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Comprehensive income (loss) includes all changes in equity (net assets) during a period from non-owner sources. Comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized holding gains or (losses) related to the TowerJazz ordinary shares. See Note 4.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs”, which is intended to improve comparability of fair value measurements presented and disclosed in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally, accepted accounting principles and International Financial Reporting Standards. This standard clarifies the application of existing fair value measurement requirements including (1) the application of the highest and best use valuation premise, (2) the methodology to measure the fair value of an instrument classified in a reporting entity’s shareholders’ equity, (3) disclosure requirements for quantitative information on Level 3 fair value measurements and (4) guidance on measuring the fair value of financial instruments managed within a portfolio. In addition, the standard requires additional disclosures of the sensitivity of fair value to changes in unobservable inputs for Level 3 securities. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending on or after December 15, 2011. Based on the Company’s evaluation of the ASU, the adoption of ASU 2011-04 will not have material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Presentation of Comprehensive Income”, which requires that comprehensive income be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net earnings. This standard no longer allows companies to present components of other comprehensive income only in the statement of equity. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements other than the prescribed change in presentation.
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-11, “Balance Sheet (Topic 210)—Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” (“ASU 2011-11”). The update requires entities to disclose information about offsetting and related arrangements of financial instruments and derivative instruments. ASU 2011-11 is effective for the Company in the first quarter of its fiscal year ending June 30, 2014 (“fiscal 2014”). The Company currently believes there will be no significant impact on its financial statements.
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) – Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05. ASU 2011-12 defers only those changes in Update No. 2011-05 that relate to the presentation of the reclassification adjustments. Under the amendments in Update No. 2011-05, entities are required to present reclassification adjustments and the effect of those reclassification adjustments on the face of the financial statements where net income presented, by component of net income, and on the face of the financial statements where other comprehensive income is presented, by component of other comprehensive income. In addition, the amendments in Update No. 2011-05 require that reclassification adjustments be presented in interim financial periods. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements other than the prescribed change in presentation.
NOTE 3-NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share was computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period under the treasury stock method. In computing diluted net income (loss) per share, the weighted average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options and warrants. A reconciliation of the basic and diluted per share computations is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
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Fiscal Years | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income (Loss) | Shares | Per Share Amount | Net Income (Loss) | Shares | Per Share Amount | Net Income (Loss) | Shares | Per Share Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | (7,594 | ) | 36,792 | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | 123 | 35,729 | $ | — | $ | (9,754 | ) | 30,739 | $ | (0.32 | ) | |||||||||||||
Effect of stock options and other awards | — | — | — | — | 3,309 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted | $ | (7,594 | ) | 36,792 | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | 123 | 39,038 | $ | — | $ | (9,754 | ) | 30,739 | $ | (0.32 | ) | |||||||||||||
For 2011 and 2009, 8.0 million shares and 8.6 million shares, respectively, associated with equity awards outstanding and the estimated number of shares to be purchased under the current offering period of the 2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan were not included in the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share, as they were considered antidilutive due to the net loss the Company experienced during 2011 and 2009. For 2010, options for the purchase of 20,000 common shares were excluded from the weighted average diluted shares outstanding calculation, because their effect was anti-dilutive.
NOTE 4-INVESTMENT IN TOWERJAZZ SEMICONDUCTOR LTD.
During the first quarter of fiscal year 2010, the Company sold 700,000 of the TowerJazz ordinary shares which resulted in a gain of $993,000. In the third quarter of 2010, the Company recorded $209,000 of tax benefit related to accumulated other comprehensive income, or AOCI, attributable to unrealized gains on investment in TowerJazz. As of January 1, 2012, the Company held 644,543 available-for-sale TowerJazz ordinary shares with a net unrealized gain of $113,272 recorded in AOCI on the balance sheet which includes the tax benefit above and the difference between the cost of of $0.13 per share and carrying value of $0.63 per share, their fair value on the last trading day of the reporting period. The fair value of TowerJazz marketable securities as of January 1, 2012 was determined based on “Level 1” inputs as described in Note 7.
During the years of 2001 and 2002, the Company also received $4.7 million in prepaid wafer credits in partial consideration for the investment. Subsequently, the Company has utilized $1.8 million of these credits and impaired their value by $2.9 million. As of January 1, 2012, the Company had a zero carrying value for these wafer credits.
NOTE 5-BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS
January 1, 2012 | January 2, 2011 | ||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||
Inventories: | |||||||
Raw materials | $ | 52 | $ | 17 | |||
Work-in-process | 3,261 | 3,028 | |||||
Finished goods | 451 | 299 | |||||
$ | 3,764 | $ | 3,344 | ||||
Other current assets: | |||||||
Prepaid expenses | $ | 575 | $ | 690 | |||
Other | 38 | 82 | |||||
$ | 613 | $ | 772 | ||||
Property and equipment: | |||||||
Equipment | $ | 12,200 | $ | 12,413 | |||
Software | 7,065 | 7,072 | |||||
Furniture and fixtures | 747 | 769 | |||||
Leasehold improvements | 659 | 760 | |||||
20,671 | 21,014 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (18,490 | ) | (18,702 | ) | |||
$ | 2,181 | $ | 2,312 | ||||
Other assets | 211 | 192 | |||||
Accrued liabilities: | |||||||
Employee related accruals | $ | 845 | $ | 1,003 | |||
Other | 273 | 300 | |||||
$ | 1,118 | $ | 1,303 | ||||
The Company recorded depreciation and amortization expense of $1.2 million, $1.2 million and $1.8 million for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Assets acquired under capital leases and included in property and equipment were $1.1 million and
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$800,000 at the end of 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company recorded accumulated depreciation on leased assets of $810,000 and $500,000 as of the end of 2011 and 2010, respectively. As of January 1, 2012 and January 2, 2011, the capital lease obligation relating to these assets was $287,000 and $408,000, respectively.
NOTE 6-OBLIGATIONS
January 1, 2012 | January 2 2011 | ||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||
Debt and capital lease obligations: | |||||||
Capital leases | $ | 287 | $ | 408 | |||
287 | 408 | ||||||
Current portion of debt and capital lease obligations | (141 | ) | (408 | ) | |||
Long term portion of debt and capital lease obligations | $ | 146 | — | ||||
Revolving Line of Credit and Notes Payable to Bank
In June 2011, the Company entered into the Seventh Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement ("Agreement") with Silicon Valley Bank. The terms of the amended Agreement include a $6.0 million revolving line of credit available through June 2012, as long as the Company is in compliance with the loan covenants. Upon each advance, the Company can elect a variable interest rate, which is the prime rate plus one half of one percent (0.50%), or a fixed rate which is LIBOR plus the LIBOR rate margin, as the case may be. During 2011, the Company had no borrowings against the line of credit.
The bank has a first priority security interest in substantially all of the Company's tangible and intangible assets to secure any outstanding amounts under the Agreement. Under the terms of the Agreement, except as noted above, the Company must maintain a minimum tangible net worth of at least $15 million, adjusted quick ratio of 2-to-1 and a minimum cash balance of at least $8 million with Silicon Valley Bank. The Agreement also has certain restrictions including, among others, restrictions on the incurrence of other indebtedness, the maintenance of depository accounts, the disposition of assets, mergers, acquisitions, investments, the granting of liens and the payment of dividends. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenants of the agreement as of the end of the current reporting period.
Capital Leases
In December 2011, the Company leased design software and related maintenance under a two-year capital lease at an imputed interest rate of 4.24% per annum. Terms of the agreement require the Company to make quarterly payments of approximately $38,000 through November 2013. The Company recorded a capital asset of $261,000 and prepaid maintenance of $26,000 that is being amortized over the term of the agreement and a capital lease obligation of $287,000. As of January 1, 2012, $287,000 was outstanding under the capital lease, of which $141,000 was classified as a current liability.
In January 2009, the Company leased design software tools and related maintenance under a three-year capital lease at an imputed interest rate of 5.75% per annum. Terms of the agreement require the Company to make semi-annual payments of principal and interest of, approximately $138,000 through August 2011, for a total of approximately $825,000 over the three years period. As of January 1, 2012, there was no outstanding liability under the capital lease.
NOTE 7-FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Pursuant to the accounting guidance for fair value measurements and its subsequent updates, fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact, and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
The accounting guidance for fair value measurement also specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based upon whether the inputs to those valuation techniques reflect assumptions other market participants would use based upon market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs) or reflect the company's own assumption of market participant valuation (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:
• | Level 1 – Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
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• | Level 2 – Inputs are quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in an active market, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable and market-corroborated inputs which are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. |
• | Level 3 – Inputs are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or value drivers are unobservable. |
The following table presents the Company's financial assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of January 1, 2012, consistent with the fair value hierarchy provisions of the authoritative guidance (in thousands):
As of January 1, 2012 | As of January 2, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds(1) | $ | 18,826 | $ | 18,826 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 19,722 | $ | 19,722 | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||
Investment in TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. (2) | 406 | 406 | — | — | 909 | 909 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 19,232 | $ | 19,232 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 20,631 | $ | 20,631 | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||
___________________________
(1) | Money market funds are presented as a part of cash and cash equivalents on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of January 1, 2012 and January 2, 2011. |
As of January 1, 2012, there is no material difference between the fair value and the carrying amount of the debt outstanding under the Company's line of credit and capital leasing arrangements.
NOTE 8-INCOME TAXES
The following table presents the U.S. and foreign components of consolidated income (loss) before income taxes and the provision for (benefit from) income taxes (in thousands):
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes: | |||||||||||
U.S. | $ | (7,569 | ) | $ | (209 | ) | $ | (9,999 | ) | ||
Foreign | 25 | 148 | 182 | ||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | (7,544 | ) | $ | (61 | ) | $ | (9,817 | ) | ||
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes: | |||||||||||
Current: | |||||||||||
Federal | $ | — | $ | (11 | ) | $ | (84 | ) | |||
State | 2 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||
Foreign | 66 | 51 | 47 | ||||||||
Subtotal | 68 | 42 | (34 | ) | |||||||
Deferred: | |||||||||||
Federal | — | (170 | ) | — | |||||||
State | — | (40 | ) | — | |||||||
Foreign | (18 | ) | (16 | ) | (29 | ) | |||||
Subtotal | (18 | ) | (226 | ) | (29 | ) | |||||
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes | $ | 50 | $ | (184 | ) | $ | (63 | ) | |||
Based on the available objective evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax
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assets will not be fully realizable. Accordingly, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance against its U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets at January 1, 2012. The Company believes it is more likely than not it will be able to realize its foreign deferred tax assets. Deferred tax balances are comprised of the following (in thousands):
January 1, 2012 | January 2, 2011 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets: | |||||||
Net operating losses and capital losses | $ | 34,733 | $ | 35,881 | |||
Accruals and reserves | 2,753 | 2,746 | |||||
Credits carryforward | 5,304 | 5,085 | |||||
Unrealized loss on marketable securities | 3,057 | 2,357 | |||||
Depreciation and amortization | 9,150 | 6,081 | |||||
Stock-based compensation | 971 | 562 | |||||
Other | 211 | 209 | |||||
56,179 | 52,921 | ||||||
Valuation allowances | (56,067 | ) | (52,827 | ) | |||
Deferred tax asset | $ | 112 | $ | 94 | |||
Deferred tax liability | — | — | |||||
A rate reconciliation between income tax provisions at the U.S. federal statutory rate and the effective rate reflected in the consolidated statement of operations is as follows:
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Income tax expense/(benefit) at statutory rate | $ | (2,565 | ) | $ | (21 | ) | $ | (3,338 | ) | ||
State taxes | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
Refundable R&D credit | — | (11 | ) | (85 | ) | ||||||
Stock Compensation and other permanent differences | 192 | 224 | 378 | ||||||||
Foreign taxes | 41 | (15 | ) | (44 | ) | ||||||
Benefit allocated from other comprehensive income | — | (209 | ) | — | |||||||
Future benefit of deferred tax assets not recognized | 2,380 | (154 | ) | 3,024 | |||||||
$ | 50 | $ | (184 | ) | $ | (63 | ) | ||||
As of January 1, 2012, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $97.8 million for federal and $46.1 million for state income tax purposes. If not utilized, these carryforwards will begin to expire beginning in 2012 for federal and state purposes. Included in the net operating loss carryforwards amount is $7.8 million for federal and $4.9 million for state income tax purposes, which, when recognized, will result in a credit to stockholders' equity.
The Company has research credit carryforwards of approximately $2.8 million for federal and $3.6 million for state income tax purposes. If not utilized, the federal carryforwards will expire in various amounts beginning in 2012. The California credit can be carried forward indefinitely.
Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986, the amount of and the benefit from net operating loss carryforwards and credit carryforwards may be impaired or limited in certain circumstances. Events which may restrict utilization of a company's net operating loss and credit carryforwards include, but are not limited to, certain ownership change limitations as defined in Internal Revenue Code Section 382 and similar state provisions. In the event the Company has had a change of ownership, utilization of carryforwards could be restricted to an annual limitation. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of net operating loss carryforwards and credit carryforwards before utilization.
As of the end of 2011, cumulative unremitted foreign earnings of $900,000 are considered to be permanently invested outside the United States. Accordingly, no U.S. taxes have been provided.
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A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):
January 1, 2012 | January 2, 2011 | January 3, 2010 | |||||||||
Beginning balance of unrecognized tax benefits | $ | 73 | $ | 70 | $ | 66 | |||||
Gross increases for tax positions of current year | 4 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||
Ending balance of unrecognized tax benefits | $ | 77 | $ | 73 | $ | 70 | |||||
The amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would affect our effective tax rate if recognized is $77,000 as of January 1, 2012. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. As of January 1, 2012, January 2, 2011 and January 3, 2010, the Company had approximately $26,000, $20,000 and $9,000 of accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
The Company is not currently under exam and the Company's historical net operating loss and credit carryforwards may be adjusted by the IRS and other tax authorities until the statute closes on the year in which such attributes are utilized. The Company estimates that its unrecognized tax benefits will not change significantly within the next twelve months.
NOTE 9-STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common and Preferred Stock
The Company has authorized 100 million shares of common stock and has authorized, but not issued, ten million shares of undesignated preferred stock. Without any further vote or action by the Company's stockholders, the Board of Directors has the authority to determine the powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations or restrictions granted to or imposed upon any wholly unissued shares of undesignated preferred stock.
Rights Plan
In November 2001, the Board of Directors adopted a Rights Agreement which provided for a dividend of one Preferred Stock Purchase Right (each a “Right” and collectively, the “Rights”) for each share of common stock of the Company. Under the Rights Plan, each Right entitled stockholders to buy one ten-thousandth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of QuickLogic at an exercise price of $32.50, subject to adjustment. The Rights would become exercisable only if a person or group became the beneficial owner of 15% or more of the common stock, or commenced a tender or exchange offer which would have resulted in the offeror beneficially owning 15% or more of common stock, without the approval of the Board of Directors. The Rights Agreement lapsed and the Rights expired on November 27, 2011.
Issuance of Common Stock
On November 17, 2009, the Company issued 4,305,929 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 3,229,446 shares of common stock in a registered direct offering. The common stock and warrants were issued in units (the “Units”), with each Unit consisting of (i) one share of common stock and (ii) a warrant to purchase 0.75 of a share of common stock, at a negotiated purchase price of $1.45 per Unit. The Company received net proceeds from the offering of $5.5 million, net of placement agent's fees and other offering expenses of $774,000.
The warrants are exercisable any time after the six month anniversary of the date of issuance until the 66 month anniversary of the date of issuance, and will be exercisable at a price of $2.15 per share. The Company allocated the proceeds between the common stock and the warrants based on the relative fair value of each on the date of issuance. The estimated grant date fair value was $0.63 per warrant and was calculated based on the following assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model: expected term of 5.5 years, risk-free interest rate of 2.47%, expected volatility of 57.79% and expected dividend of 0.
NOTE 10-EMPLOYEE STOCK PLANS
1999 Stock Plan
The 1999 Stock Plan, or 1999 Plan, provided for the issuance of incentive and nonqualified options, restricted stock units and restricted stock. Equity awards granted under the 1999 Plan have a term of up to ten years. Options typically vest at a rate of 25% one year after the vesting commencement date, and one forty-eighth for each month of service thereafter. In March 2009, the Board adopted the 2009 Stock Plan which was approved by the Company's stockholders on April 22, 2009. Effective
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April 22, 2009, no further stock options may be granted under the 1999 Plan.
2009 Stock Plan
The 2009 Stock Plan, or 2009 Plan, was amended and restated by the Board of Directors in March 2011 and approved by the Company's stockholders on April 28, 2011 to, among other things, reserve an additional 1,500,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan. As of January 1, 2012, approximately 6.0 million shares were reserved for issuance under the 2009 Plan. Equity awards granted under the 2009 Plan have a term of up to ten years. Options typically vest at a rate of 25% one year after the vesting commencement date, and one forty-eighth for each month of service thereafter. The Company may implement different vesting schedules in the future with respect to any new equity awards.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The 2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or 2009 ESPP, was adopted in March 2009. The Company has reserved 2.3 million shares for issuance under the 2009 ESPP. The 2009 ESPP provides for six month offering periods. Participants purchase shares through payroll deductions of up to 20% of an employee's total compensation (maximum of 20,000 shares per offering period). The 2009 ESPP permits the Board of Directors to determine, prior to each offering period, whether participants purchase shares at: (i) 85% of the fair market value of the common stock at the end of the offering period; or (ii) 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the common stock at the beginning or the end of an offering period. The Board of Directors has determined that, until further notice, future offering periods will be made at 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the common stock at the beginning or the end of an offering period.
NOTE 11-STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock-based compensation expense is recognized in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and includes compensation expense for the stock-based compensation awards granted or modified subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of the amended authoritative guidance. The impact of the amended authoritative guidance on the Company's consolidated financial statements for fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009 was as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 131 | $ | 169 | $ | 280 | |||||
Research and development | 458 | 645 | 576 | ||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 1,087 | 1,604 | 1,528 | ||||||||
Total costs and expenses | $ | 1,676 | $ | 2,418 | $ | 2,384 | |||||
The amount of stock-based compensation included in inventories at the end of 2011, 2010 and 2009 was not significant.
Valuation Assumptions
The amended authoritative guidance requires companies to estimate the fair value of stock-based compensation awards. The fair value of stock-based compensation awards is measured at the grant date and re-measured upon modification, as appropriate. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model, to estimate the fair value of employee stock options and rights to purchase shares under the Company's ESPP, consistent with the provisions of the amended authoritative guidance. Using the Black-Scholes pricing model requires the Company to develop highly subjective assumptions including the expected term of awards, expected volatility of its stock, expected risk-free interest rate and expected dividend rate over the term of the award. The Company's expected term of awards assumption is based primarily on its historical experience with similar grants. The Company's expected stock price volatility assumption for both stock options and ESPP shares is based on the historical volatility of the Company's stock, using the daily average of the opening and closing prices and measured using historical data appropriate for the expected term. The risk-free interest rate assumption approximates the risk-free interest rate of a Treasury Constant Maturity bond with a maturity approximately equal to the expected term of the stock option or ESPP shares. This fair value is expensed over the requisite service period of the award. The fair value of RSAs and RSUs is based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. Equity compensation awards which vest with service are expensed using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period.
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In addition to the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes pricing model, the amended authoritative guidance requires that the Company recognize expense for awards ultimately expected to vest; therefore we are required to develop an estimate of the number of awards expected to be forfeited prior to vesting, or forfeiture rate. The forfeiture rate is estimated based on historical pre-vest cancellation experience and is applied to all share-based awards.
The following weighted average assumptions are included in the estimated fair value calculations for stock option grants:
Fiscal Years | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
Expected term (years) | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.1 | |||||
Risk-free interest rate | 1.16 | % | 2.40 | % | 1.97 | % | ||
Expected volatility | 61 | % | 58 | % | 51 | % | ||
Expected dividend | — | — | — | |||||
The methodologies for determining the above values were as follows:
• | Expected term: The expected term represents the period that the Company's stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding and is estimated based on historical experience. |
• | Risk-free interest rate: The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon the risk-free rate of a Treasury Constant Maturity bond with a maturity appropriate for the expected term of the Company's employee stock options. |
• | Expected volatility: The Company determines expected volatility based on historical volatility of the Company's common stock according to the expected term of the options. |
• | Expected dividend: The expected dividend assumption is based on the Company's intent not to issue a dividend under its dividend policy. |
The weighted average estimated fair value for options granted during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $1.53, $1.48 and $0.74 per option, respectively. As of the end of 2011, the fair value of unvested stock options, net of expected forfeitures, was approximately $2.5 million . This unrecognized stock-based compensation expense is expected to be recorded over a weighted average period of 2.4 years.
Stock-Based Compensation Award Activity
The following table summarizes the shares available for grant under the 2009 Plan for 2011:
Shares Available for Grant | ||
(in thousands) | ||
Balance at January 2, 2011 | 1,542 | |
Authorized | 1,500 | |
Options granted | (876 | ) |
Options forfeited or expired | 803 | |
Balance at January 1, 2012 | 2,969 | |
Stock Options
The following table summarizes stock options outstanding and stock option activity under the 1989 Plan, the 1999 Plan and the 2009 Plan, and the related weighted average exercise price, for 2011, 2010 and 2009:
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Number of Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Term | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | (in years) | (in thousands) | |||||||||||
Balance outstanding at December 28, 2008 | 7,367 | $ | 4.13 | ||||||||||
Granted | 2,113 | 1.60 | |||||||||||
Forfeited or expired | (1,086 | ) | 5.23 | ||||||||||
Exercised | (63 | ) | 1.13 | ||||||||||
Balance outstanding at January 3, 2010 | 8,331 | 3.37 | |||||||||||
Granted | 1,739 | 2.79 | |||||||||||
Forfeited or expired | (832 | ) | 9.35 | ||||||||||
Exercised | (1,169 | ) | 2.59 | ||||||||||
Balance outstanding at January 2, 2011 | 8,069 | 2.74 | |||||||||||
Granted | 876 | 2.81 | |||||||||||
Forfeited or expired | (803 | ) | 4.51 | ||||||||||
Exercised | (659 | ) | 2.46 | ||||||||||
Balance outstanding at January 1, 2012 | 7,483 | $ | 2.58 | 6.34 | $ | 2,791 | |||||||
Exercisable at January 1, 2012 | 4,874 | $ | 2.68 | 5.17 | $ | 1,913 | |||||||
Vested and expected to vest at January 1, 2012 | 7,156 | $ | 2.58 | 6.22 | $ | 2,740 | |||||||
The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value, based on the Company's closing stock price of $2.60 as of the end of the Company's current reporting period, which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date.
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $1.8 million, $2.5 million and $49,000, respectively. Total cash received from employees as a result of employee stock option exercises during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was approximately $1.6 million, $3.0 million and $71,000, respectively. The Company settles employee stock option exercises with newly issued common shares. In connection with these exercises, there was no tax benefit realized by the Company due to the Company's current loss position.
Significant exercise price ranges of options outstanding, related weighted average exercise prices and contractual life information at the end of 2011 were as follows:
Options Outstanding | Options Exercisable | |||||||||||||||
Range of Exercise Prices | Options Outstanding | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Options Vested and Exercisable | Weighted Average Exercise Price | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | (in years) | (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
$0.78 - $1.29 | 738 | 6.74 | $ | 0.90 | 523 | $ | 0.90 | |||||||||
1.63 - 1.63 | 1,359 | 7.17 | 1.63 | 832 | 1.63 | |||||||||||
1.75 - 2.75 | 832 | 2.13 | 2.39 | 826 | 2.39 | |||||||||||
2.78 - 2.78 | 2,421 | 8.90 | 2.78 | 635 | 2.78 | |||||||||||
2.82 - 3.02 | 916 | 4.65 | 2.95 | 876 | 2.96 | |||||||||||
3.04 - 4.17 | 1,078 | 4.44 | 4.00 | 1,048 | 4.01 | |||||||||||
4.36 - 5.20 | 81 | 1.62 | 4.58 | 81 | 4.58 | |||||||||||
5.94 - 5.94 | 43 | 4.33 | 5.94 | 43 | 5.94 | |||||||||||
6.00 - 6.00 | 5 | 9.07 | 6.00 | — | — | |||||||||||
6.53 - 6.53 | 10 | 1.74 | 6.53 | 10 | 6.53 | |||||||||||
$0.78 - $6.53 | 7,483 | 6.34 | $ | 2.58 | 4,874 | $ | 2.68 | |||||||||
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Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units
The Company began issuing restricted stock awards, or RSAs, in the second quarter of 2007 and restricted stock units, or RSUs, in the third quarter of 2007. RSAs entitle the holder to purchase shares of common stock at par value during a short period of time, and purchased shares are held in escrow until they vest. RSUs entitle the holder to receive, at no cost, one common share for each restricted stock unit as it vests. The Company withheld shares in settlement of employee tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of restricted stock units. There was no stock-based compensation related to RSUs for 2011.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The weighted average estimated fair value, as defined by the amended authoritative guidance, of rights issued pursuant to the Company's ESPP during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $0.84, $1.36 and $0.70, respectively. Sales under the ESPP were 171,000 shares of common stock at an average price of $2.47 for 2011, 197,000 shares of common stock at an average price of $2.07 for 2010, and 494,000 shares of common stock at an average price of $0.71 per share for 2009.
Under the 2009 ESPP, the Company issued 171,390 shares at a price of $2.47 per share during 2011. As of January 1, 2012, 1,782,000 shares under the 2009 ESPP remained available for issuance. For 2011, the Company recorded compensation expense related to the ESPP of $146,000.
The fair value of rights issued pursuant to the Company's ESPP was estimated on the commencement date of each offering period using the following weighted average assumptions:
Fiscal Years | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
Expected life (months) | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.1 | |||||
Risk-free interest rate | 0.08 | % | 0.19 | % | 0.08 | % | ||
Volatility | 56 | % | 60 | % | 118 | % | ||
Dividend yield | — | — | — | |||||
The methodologies for determining the above values were as follows:
• | Expected term: The expected term represents the length of the purchase period contained in the ESPP. |
• | Risk-free interest rate: The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon the risk-free rate of a Treasury Constant Maturity bond with a maturity appropriate for the term of the purchase period. |
• | Expected volatility: The Company determines expected volatility based on historical volatility of the Company's common stock for the term of the purchase period. |
• | Expected dividend: The expected dividend assumption is based on the Company's intent not to issue a |
dividend under its dividend policy.
As of the end of 2011, the unrecognized stock-based compensation expense relating to the Company's ESPP is $64,000 and was expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 4.4 months.
NOTE 12-INFORMATION CONCERNING PRODUCT LINES, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND REVENUE CONCENTRATION
The Company identifies its business segments based on business activities, management responsibility and geographic location. For all periods presented, the Company operated in a single reportable business segment.
The following is a breakdown of revenue by product family (in thousands):
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Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Revenue by product line (1) : | |||||||||||
New products | $ | 5,326 | $ | 9,388 | $ | 4,877 | |||||
Mature products | 15,643 | 16,811 | 10,197 | ||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 20,969 | $ | 26,199 | $ | 15,074 | |||||
___________________________
(1) | For all periods presented: New products represent products introduced since 2005, and include ArcticLink, ArcticLink II, Eclipse™ II, PolarPro, PolarPro II, and QuickPCI® II. Mature products include Eclipse, EclipsePlus, pASIC® 1, pASIC 2, pASIC 3, QuickFC, QuickMIPS, QuickPCI, QuickRAM®, and V3, as well as royalty revenue, programming hardware and software. |
The following is a breakdown of revenue by shipment destination (in thousands):
Fiscal Years | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Revenue by geography: | |||||||||||
United States | $ | 8,271 | $ | 8,652 | $ | 6,234 | |||||
Europe | 4,127 | 4,580 | 2,876 | ||||||||
Taiwan | 144 | 451 | 69 | ||||||||
Japan | 2,733 | 2,914 | 1,540 | ||||||||
China | 3,032 | 6,950 | 2,813 | ||||||||
Rest of North America | 326 | 431 | 548 | ||||||||
Rest of Asia Pacific | 2,336 | 2,221 | 994 | ||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 20,969 | $ | 26,199 | $ | 15,074 | |||||
The following distributors and customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company's revenue for the periods presented:
Fiscal Years | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
Distributor “A” | 39 | % | 24 | % | 23 | % | ||
Distributor “B” | * | 12 | % | 15 | % | |||
Distributor "C" | 10 | % | * | * | ||||
Distributor “D” | 13 | % | 22 | % | 14 | % | ||
Customer “B” | 15 | % | 11 | % | 10 | % | ||
Customer "E" | 11 | % | * | * | ||||
___________________________
* Represents less than 10% of revenue for the period presented.
The following distributors and customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company's accounts receivable as of the dates presented:
January 1, 2012 | January 2, 2011 | ||||
Distributor “A” | 30 | % | 23 | % | |
Distributor “C” | * | 20 | % | ||
Distributor “D” | * | 18 | % | ||
Customer "C" | 23 | % | * | ||
___________________________
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* Represents less than 10% of accounts receivable as of the date presented.
As of the end of 2011, less than 10% of the Company's long-lived assets, including property and equipment and other assets, were located outside the United States.
NOTE 13- SHELF REGISTRATION STATEMENT
On August 21, 2009, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3, which was declared effective on September 2, 2009. Under the shelf registration statement, the Company raised $5.5 million, net of placement agent's fees and other offering expenses of $774,000 on November 17, 2009 and has the ability to raise up to an additional $16.8 million through September 1, 2012. There can be no assurance that such capital will be available on terms acceptable to the Company.
NOTE 14-COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Certain wafer manufacturers require the Company to forecast wafer starts several months in advance. The Company is committed to take delivery of and pay for a portion of forecasted wafer volume. As of the end of 2011 and 2010, the Company had $532,000 and $2.8 million, respectively, of outstanding commitments for the purchase of wafer inventory.
The Company leases its primary facility under a non-cancelable operating lease that expires in 2012. In addition, the Company rents development facilities in Canada and India as well as sales offices in Europe and Asia. Total rent expense, net of sublease income, during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was approximately $464,000, $465,000, and $581,000, respectively.
Future minimum lease commitments under the Company's operating leases, net of sublease income and excluding property taxes and insurance are as follows:
Operating Leases | |||
(in thousands) | |||
Fiscal Years | |||
2012 | 540 | ||
2013 | 51 | ||
2014 | — | ||
2015 and thereafter | — | ||
$ | 591 | ||
NOTE 15-LITIGATION
Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation
On October 26, 2001, a putative securities class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York against certain investment banks that underwrote QuickLogic's initial public offering, QuickLogic and some of QuickLogic's officers and directors. The complaint alleged excessive and undisclosed commissions in connection with the allocation of shares of common stock in QuickLogic's initial and secondary public offerings and artificially high prices through “tie-in” arrangements which required the underwriters' customers to buy shares in the aftermarket at pre-determined prices in violation of the federal securities laws. Plaintiffs sought an unspecified amount of damages on behalf of persons who purchased QuickLogic's stock pursuant to the registration statements between October 14, 1999 and December 6, 2000. Various plaintiffs filed similar actions asserting virtually identical allegations against over 300 other public companies, their underwriters, and their officers and directors arising out of each company's public offering. These actions, including the action against QuickLogic, were coordinated for pretrial purposes and captioned In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, 21 MC 92.
The parties reached a global settlement of the litigation. Under the settlement, the insurers are to pay the full amount of settlement share allocated to the Company, the Company will not bear any financial liability and the Company and the other defendants will receive complete dismissals from the case. The settlement was approved by the Court on October 5, 2009 and certain objectors filed appeals. The last remaining appeal of the settlement was withdrawn on January 13, 2012 and the settlement may now be enforced. The Company did not accrue any amounts related to the proposed settlement because it was not reasonably estimable.
From time to time, the Company is involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, including but not limited to intellectual property infringement and collection matters. Absolute assurance cannot be given that third party
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assertions will be resolved without costly litigation in a manner that is not adverse to the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows or without requiring royalty or other payments in the future which may adversely impact gross profit.
SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA
QUARTERLY DATA (UNAUDITED)
Quarter Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
January 1, 2012 | October 2, 2011 | July 3, 2011 | April 3, 2011 | January 2, 2011 | October 3, 2010 | July 4, 2010 | April 4, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amount) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 4,346 | $ | 5,339 | $ | 5,737 | $ | 5,547 | $ | 6,958 | $ | 7,333 | $ | 6,479 | $ | 5,429 | |||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue(1) | 2,329 | 2,283 | 1,966 | 1,939 | 2,304 | 2,636 | 2,553 | 2,116 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross profit | 2,017 | 3,056 | 3,771 | 3,608 | 4,654 | 4,697 | 3,926 | 3,313 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development(2) | 2,450 | 2,271 | 3,312 | 1,803 | 2,048 | 1,817 | 1,533 | 2,060 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 2,548 | 2,267 | 2,543 | 2,607 | 2,685 | 2,535 | 2,518 | 2,335 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Loss from operations | (2,981 | ) | (1,482 | ) | (2,084 | ) | (802 | ) | (79 | ) | 345 | (125 | ) | (1,082 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of TowerJazz Semiconductor Ltd. Shares(3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 993 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (5 | ) | (5 | ) | (18 | ) | (8 | ) | (10 | ) | (12 | ) | (27 | ) | (18 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Interest income and other (expense), net | (93 | ) | (49 | ) | (13 | ) | (4 | ) | — | 25 | (50 | ) | (21 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | (3,079 | ) | (1,536 | ) | (2,115 | ) | (814 | ) | (89 | ) | 358 | (202 | ) | (128 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes(4) | 31 | 10 | (55 | ) | 64 | (20 | ) | (192 | ) | 13 | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (3,110 | ) | $ | (1,546 | ) | $ | (2,060 | ) | $ | (878 | ) | $ | (69 | ) | $ | 550 | $ | (215 | ) | $ | (143 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | — | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | — | ||||||||||
Diluted | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | — | $ | 0.01 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | — | ||||||||||
Weighted average shares: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | 38,482 | 38,418 | 38,376 | 36,495 | 36,228 | 35,634 | 35,383 | 35,104 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted | 38,482 | 38,418 | 38,376 | 36,495 | 36,228 | 38,711 | 35,383 | 35,104 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
___________________________
(1) | In the fourth quarter of 2011, cost of revenue increased as percentage of revenue primarily as a result of changes in product mix during the quarter. |
(2) | In the second quarter of 2011, the Company incurred additional $1.1 million in third party chip design costs and$427,000 in purchased IP related to its ArcticLink III VX solution platform. |
(3) | In the first quarter of 2010, the Company sold 700,000 of the TowerJazz ordinary shares which resulted in a gain of $993,000. |
(4) | In the third quarter of 2010, the Company recorded $209,000 of tax benefit related to accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) attributable to unrealized gains on investment in TowerJazz. |
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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit pursuant to the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has performed an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of January 1, 2012, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Internal control over financial reporting is the process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and dispositions of assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted account principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, cost effective internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with established policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In making this assessment, we used the criteria based on the framework set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework.” Based on the results of this assessment, management (including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer) has concluded that, as of January 1, 2012, our internal control over financial reporting was effective.
The effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of January 1, 2012 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated on their report appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
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PART III
Certain information required by Part III is incorporated by reference from the definitive Proxy Statement regarding our 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and will be filed not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Report.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information regarding the backgrounds of our officers is contained herein under Item 1, “Executive Officers and Directors.”
Information regarding the backgrounds of our directors is set forth under the caption “Proposal One, Election of Directors” in our Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Information regarding our Audit Committee, our Audit Committee financial expert, the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to our Board and our Code of Conduct and Ethics is hereby incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Board Meetings, Committees and Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement. A copy of our Code of Conduct and Ethics is posted on our website at http://ir.quicklogic.com.
Information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is incorporated herein by reference from the section entitled “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by Item 11 is set forth under the captions “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,” “Executive Compensation-Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” and “Compensation of Non-Employee Directors” in our Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by Item 12 is set forth under the captions “Equity Compensation Plan Summary” and “Security Ownership” in our Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS, RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by Item 13 is set forth under the captions “Board Meetings, Committees and Corporate Governance” and “Transactions with Related Persons” in our Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by Item 14 is set forth under the caption “Fees Billed to QuickLogic by PricewaterhouseCoopers during Fiscal Year 2011” in our Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
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PART IV
ITEM 15.EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) | 1. Financial Statements |
Reference is made to Item 8 for a list of all financial statements and schedules filed as a part of this Report.
2. Financial Statement Schedules
QuickLogic Corporation
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
(in thousands)
Balance at Beginning of Period | Charged to Costs and Expenses | Deductions/Write-offs | Balance at End of Period | ||||||||||||
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: | |||||||||||||||
Fiscal Year 2011 | $ | 16 | $ | — | $ | (6 | ) | $ | 10 | ||||||
Fiscal Year 2010 | $ | 10 | $ | 7 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | 16 | ||||||
Fiscal Year 2009 | $ | 10 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 10 | |||||||
Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets: | |||||||||||||||
Fiscal Year 2011 | $ | 52,827 | $ | 3,240 | $ | — | $ | 56,067 | |||||||
Fiscal Year 2010 | $ | 55,342 | $ | — | $ | (2,515 | ) | $ | 52,827 | ||||||
Fiscal Year 2009 | $ | 51,319 | $ | 4,023 | $ | — | $ | 55,342 | |||||||
All other schedules not listed above have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial statements or notes hereto.
3. Exhibits
The exhibits listed under Item 15(b) hereof are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(b) Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed with or incorporated by reference into this Report:
Exhibit Number | Description | |
3.1(1) | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant. | |
3.2(5) | Bylaws of the Registrant. | |
4.1(1) | Specimen Common Stock certificate of the Registrant. | |
4.3(19) | Form of Common Stock Warrant. | |
10.1(4,11) | Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and executive officers. | |
10.2(10,11) | QuickLogic Corporation 1999 Stock Plan. | |
10.3(10,11) | Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the 1999 Stock Plan. | |
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10.4(10,11) | Notice of Grant of Stock Options and Stock Option Award Agreement under the 1999 Stock Plan. | |
10.5(10,11) | Notice of Grant of Stock Purchase Right and Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement under the 1999 Stock Plan. | |
10.6(8,11) | QuickLogic Corporation 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. | |
10.8(1,3) | Lease dated June 17, 1996, as amended, between Kairos, LLC and Moffet Orchard Investors as Landlord and the Registrant for the Registrant's facility located in Sunnyvale, California. | |
10.9(1) | Patent Cross License Agreement dated August 25, 1998 between the Registrant and Actel Corporation. | |
10.13(11,15) | Form of Change of Control Severance Agreement. | |
10.14(11,15) | Form of Change of Control Severance Agreement for E. Thomas Hart. | |
10.15(7,11) | 2005 Executive Bonus Plan, as restated. | |
10.17(6) | Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 30, 2006. | |
10.18(9) | First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 27, 2007. | |
10.19(12) | Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 27, 2008. | |
10.20(12) | Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective July 31, 2008. | |
10.21(13) | Fourth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective August 19, 2008. | |
10.23(14) | Second Amendment to Lease Agreement between NetApp, Inc. and QuickLogic Corporation effective September 25, 2008. | |
10.24(11,16) | QuickLogic Corporation 2009 Stock Plan. | |
10.25(11,16) | QuickLogic Corporation 2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. | |
10.26(11,17) | Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement under the 2009 Stock Plan. | |
10.27(11,17) | Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Purchase Rights and Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement under the 2009 Stock Plan. | |
10.28(11,17) | Form of Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Unit and Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the 2009 Stock Plan. | |
10.29(18) | Fifth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective September 25, 2009. | |
10.30(20) | Form of Subscription Agreement. | |
10.31(21) | Sixth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 28, 2010. | |
10.32(22) | Seventh Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 9, 2011. | |
10.33(23) | QuickLogic Corporation 2009 Stock Plan (Amended and Restated March 10, 2011) | |
21.1(2) | Subsidiaries of the Registrant. | |
23.1 | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. | |
24.1 | Power of Attorney. | |
31.1 | CEO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2 | CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32 | CEO and CFO Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
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101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | |
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |
______________________
(1) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 declared effective October 14, 1999 (Commission File No. 333-28833). |
(2) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 14, 2002 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(3) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 13, 2002 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(4) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 17, 2005 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(5) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 5.03) filed on May 2, 2005. |
(6) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on December 22, 2006 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(7) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on April 28, 2008. |
(8) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 15, 2007 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(9) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 10, 2007 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(10) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01 and Item 5.02) filed on September 4, 2007. |
(11) | This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
(12) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 7, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(13) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on August 19, 2008. |
(14) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(15) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 11, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(16) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01 and Item 5.02) filed on April 28, 2009. |
(17) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01 and Item 5.02) filed on August 4, 2009. |
(18) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on October 1, 2009. |
(19) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on November 17, 2009. |
(20) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K/A (Item 1.01) filed on November 17, 2009. |
(21) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on July 1, 2010. |
(22) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on June 14, 2011. |
(23) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 2011 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on this 9th day of March 2012.
QUICKLOGIC CORPORATION | ||
By: | /S/ Andrew J. Pease | |
Andrew J. Pease President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Andrew J. Pease and Ralph S. Marimon and each of them singly, as true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign this Annual Report on Form 10-K filed herewith and any or all amendments to said report, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents the full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and the thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the foregoing, as to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or his substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated below.
Signature | Title | Date | ||
/s/ ANDREW J. PEASE Andrew J. Pease | President and Chief Executive Officer; Director (Principal Executive Officer) | March 9, 2012 | ||
/S/ RALPH S. MARIMON Ralph S. Marimon | Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) | March 9, 2012 | ||
/S/ E. THOMAS HART E. Thomas Hart | Executive Chairman of the Board | March 9, 2012 | ||
/S/ MICHAEL J. CALLAHAN Michael J. Callahan | Director | March 9, 2012 | ||
/S/ MICHAEL R. FARESE Michael R. Farese | Director | March 9, 2012 | ||
/S/ ARTURO KRUEGER Arturo Krueger | Director | March 9, 2012 | ||
/S/ CHRISTINE RUSSELL Christine Russell | Director | March 9, 2012 | ||
/S/ GARY H. TAUSS Gary H. Tauss | Director | March 9, 2012 | ||
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number | Description | |
3.1(1) | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant. | |
3.2(5) | Bylaws of the Registrant. | |
4.1(1) | Specimen Common Stock certificate of the Registrant. | |
4.3(19) | Form of Common Stock Warrant. | |
10.1(4,11) | Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and executive officers. | |
10.2(10,11) | QuickLogic Corporation 1999 Stock Plan. | |
10.3(10,11) | Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the 1999 Stock Plan. | |
10.4(10,11) | Notice of Grant of Stock Options and Stock Option Award Agreement under the 1999 Stock Plan. | |
10.5(10,11) | Notice of Grant of Stock Purchase Right and Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement under the 1999 Stock Plan. | |
10.6(8,11) | QuickLogic Corporation 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. | |
10.8(1,3) | Lease dated June 17, 1996, as amended, between Kairos, LLC and Moffet Orchard Investors as Landlord and the Registrant for the Registrant's facility located in Sunnyvale, California. | |
10.9(1) | Patent Cross License Agreement dated August 25, 1998 between the Registrant and Actel Corporation. | |
10.13(11,15) | Form of Change of Control Severance Agreement. | |
10.14(11,15) | Form of Change of Control Severance Agreement for E. Thomas Hart. | |
10.15(7,11) | 2005 Executive Bonus Plan, as restated. | |
10.17(6) | Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 30, 2006. | |
10.18(9) | First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 27, 2007. | |
10.19(12) | Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 27, 2008. | |
10.20(12) | Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective July 31, 2008. | |
10.21(13) | Fourth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective August 19, 2008. | |
10.23(14) | Second Amendment to Lease Agreement between NetApp, Inc. and QuickLogic Corporation effective September 25, 2008. | |
10.24(11,16) | QuickLogic Corporation 2009 Stock Plan. | |
10.25(11,16) | QuickLogic Corporation 2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. | |
10.26(11,17) | Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement under the 2009 Stock Plan. | |
10.27(11,17) | Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Purchase Rights and Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement under the 2009 Stock Plan. | |
71
10.28(11,17) | Form of Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Unit and Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the 2009 Stock Plan. | |
10.29(18) | Fifth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective September 25, 2009. | |
10.30(20) | Form of Subscription Agreement. | |
10.31(21) | Sixth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 28, 2010. | |
10.32(22) | Seventh Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement between Silicon Valley Bank and the registrant effective June 9, 2011. | |
10.33(23) | QuickLogic Corporation 2009 Stock Plan (Amended and Restated March 10, 2011) | |
21.1(2) | Subsidiaries of the Registrant. | |
23.1 | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. | |
24.1 | Power of Attorney. | |
31.1 | CEO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2 | CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32 | CEO and CFO Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | |
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |
______________________
(1) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 declared effective October 14, 1999 (Commission File No. 333-28833). |
(2) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 14, 2002 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(3) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 13, 2002 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(4) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 17, 2005 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(5) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 5.03) filed on May 2, 2005. |
(6) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on December 22, 2006 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(7) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on April 28, 2008. |
(8) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 15, 2007 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(9) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 10, 2007 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(10) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01 and Item 5.02) filed on September 4, 2007. |
(11) | This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
(12) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 7, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(13) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on August 19, 2008. |
(14) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 6, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
72
(15) | Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 11, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
(16) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01 and Item 5.02) filed on April 28, 2009. |
(17) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01 and Item 5.02) filed on August 4, 2009. |
(18) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on October 1, 2009. |
(19) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on November 17, 2009. |
(20) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K/A (Item 1.01) filed on November 17, 2009. |
(21) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on July 1, 2010. |
(22) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Current Report on Form 8-K (Item 1.01) filed on June 14, 2011. |
(23) | Incorporated by reference to QuickLogic's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 2011 (Commission File No. 000-22671). |
73