LM_10Q_9.30.2012


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
  
Washington, D.C.  20549
 
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[x]  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012
OR
[ ]  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from
 
 
 
to
 
Commission file number: 1-8529
 
LEGG MASON, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
 
MARYLAND
 
52-1200960
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
 
 
100 International Drive - Baltimore, MD
 
21202
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip code)
 
 
 
(410) 539-0000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
 
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes
X
 
No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). 
Yes
X
 
No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
X
 
Accelerated filer
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes
 
 
No
X
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
131,713,033 shares of common stock as of the close of business on November 1, 2012.




PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.         Financial Statements

LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
 
September 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current Assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
897,968

 
$
1,382,263

Cash and cash equivalents of consolidated investment vehicles
 
28,704

 
26,139

Restricted cash
 
2,564

 
2,167

Receivables:
 
 
 
 
Investment advisory and related fees
 
325,228

 
333,777

Other
 
35,835

 
100,060

Investment securities
 
354,355

 
412,119

Investment securities of consolidated investment vehicles
 
29,512

 
31,575

Deferred income taxes
 
111,163

 
117,391

Other
 
45,931

 
51,977

Total current assets
 
1,831,260

 
2,457,468

Fixed assets, net
 
229,982

 
239,411

Intangible assets, net
 
3,849,916

 
3,856,866

Goodwill
 
1,256,146

 
1,275,045

Investments of consolidated investment vehicles
 
288,132

 
294,853

Deferred income taxes
 
168,319

 
142,706

Other
 
249,396

 
287,653

Other assets of consolidated investment vehicles
 
1,748

 
1,745

Total Assets
 
$
7,874,899

 
$
8,555,747

 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 

Liabilities
 
 

 
 

Current Liabilities
 
 

 
 

Accrued compensation
 
$
282,923

 
$
409,759

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
193,416

 
195,808

Short-term borrowings
 

 
250,000

Current portion of long-term debt
 
58,372

 
1,278

Other
 
63,919

 
114,840

Other current liabilities of consolidated investment vehicles
 
684

 
4,097

Total current liabilities
 
599,314

 
975,782

Deferred compensation
 
44,756

 
57,339

Deferred income taxes
 
211,395

 
242,567

Other
 
166,095

 
167,544

Other liabilities of consolidated investment vehicles
 
3,514

 
3,872

Long-term debt
 
1,094,467

 
1,135,614

Long-term debt of consolidated investment vehicles
 
277,309

 
271,707

Total Liabilities
 
2,396,850

 
2,854,425

 
 
 
 
 
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8)
 


 


 
 
 
 
 
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
 
21,549

 
24,031

 
 
 
 
 
Stockholders’ Equity
 
 
 
 
Common stock, par value $.10; authorized 500,000,000 shares; issued 131,707,918 shares and 139,874,034 shares, respectively
 
13,171

 
13,987

Additional paid-in capital
 
3,610,904

 
3,864,216

Employee stock trust
 
(33,245
)
 
(32,419
)
Deferred compensation employee stock trust
 
33,245

 
32,419

Retained earnings
 
1,757,184

 
1,715,395

Appropriated retained earnings for consolidated investment vehicle
 
9,175

 
12,221

Accumulated other comprehensive income, net
 
66,066

 
71,472

Total Stockholders’ Equity
 
5,456,500

 
5,677,291

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
 
$
7,874,899

 
$
8,555,747

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2



LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Operating Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment advisory fees:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Separate accounts
 
$
183,426

 
$
196,019

 
$
365,862

 
$
400,812

Funds
 
362,907

 
376,835

 
719,381

 
776,979

Performance fees
 
10,279

 
9,984

 
18,845

 
28,598

Distribution and service fees
 
81,915

 
85,774

 
163,538

 
177,838

Other
 
1,768

 
1,285

 
3,361

 
2,778

Total operating revenues
 
640,295

 
669,897

 
1,270,987

 
1,387,005

Operating Expenses
 


 
 
 


 


Compensation and benefits
 
302,492

 
257,651

 
572,754

 
558,003

Transition-related compensation
 

 
12,346

 

 
23,741

Total compensation and benefits
 
302,492

 
269,997

 
572,754

 
581,744

Distribution and servicing
 
145,135

 
160,391

 
314,960

 
341,147

Communications and technology
 
35,831

 
41,571

 
73,461

 
82,072

Occupancy
 
27,318

 
35,700

 
57,570

 
68,938

Amortization of intangible assets
 
3,504

 
5,504

 
7,009

 
11,082

Other
 
46,281

 
49,882

 
89,422

 
94,804

Total operating expenses
 
560,561

 
563,045

 
1,115,176

 
1,179,787

Operating Income
 
79,734

 
106,852

 
155,811

 
207,218

Other Non-Operating Income (Expense)
 


 
 
 


 


Interest income
 
1,718

 
2,982

 
3,654

 
6,037

Interest expense
 
(14,118
)
 
(21,636
)
 
(33,345
)
 
(43,997
)
Other income (expense), net, including $68,975 debt extinguishment loss in May 2012
 
28,655

 
(35,502
)
 
(43,978
)
 
(32,099
)
Other non-operating income (loss) of consolidated investment vehicles, net
 
1,503

 
3,081

 
(2,631
)
 
8,183

Total other non-operating income (expense)
 
17,758

 
(51,075
)
 
(76,300
)
 
(61,876
)
Income Before Income Tax Provision
 
97,492

 
55,777

 
79,511

 
145,342

Income tax provision (benefit)
 
16,397

 
(1,606
)
 
11,400

 
26,261

Net Income
 
81,095

 
57,383

 
68,111

 
119,081

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
298

 
719

 
(3,228
)
 
2,465

Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
 
$
80,797

 
$
56,664

 
$
71,339

 
$
116,616

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income per Share Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. Common Shareholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
0.60

 
$
0.39

 
$
0.52

 
$
0.80

Diluted
 
$
0.60

 
$
0.39

 
$
0.52

 
$
0.80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
134,098

 
143,877

 
136,396

 
146,529

Diluted
 
134,128

 
143,931

 
136,425

 
146,625

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends Declared per Share
 
$
0.11

 
$
0.08

 
$
0.22

 
$
0.16

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

3



LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)



 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net Income
 
$
81,095

 
$
57,383

 
$
68,111

 
$
119,081

Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 


 
 
 


Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
7,666

 
(46,026
)
 
(5,469
)
 
(32,666
)
Unrealized gains on investment securities:
 
 
 


 
 
 


Unrealized holding gains, net of tax provision of $2, $124, $43 and $172, respectively
 
3

 
186

 
65

 
253

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
 
7

 

 
(2
)
 
4

Net unrealized gains on investment securities
 
10

 
186

 
63

 
257

Total other comprehensive income (loss)
 
7,676

 
(45,840
)
 
(5,406
)
 
(32,409
)
Comprehensive Income
 
88,771

 
11,543

 
62,705

 
86,672

Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
298

 
719

 
(3,228
)
 
2,465

Comprehensive Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
 
$
88,473

 
$
10,824

 
$
65,933

 
$
84,207

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

4



LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)


 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
COMMON STOCK
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
13,987

 
$
15,022

Stock options and other stock-based compensation
 
6

 
7

Deferred compensation employee stock trust
 
5

 
4

Deferred compensation, net
 
175

 
120

Equity Units exchanged
 

 
183

Employee tax withholdings by net share transactions
 
(29
)
 

Shares repurchased and retired
 
(973
)
 
(1,360
)
Ending balance
 
13,171

 
13,976

ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL
 
 

 
 

Beginning balance
 
3,864,216

 
4,111,095

Stock options and other stock-based compensation
 
7,173

 
9,800

Deferred compensation employee stock trust
 
1,232

 
1,477

Deferred compensation, net
 
20,846

 
16,487

Equity Units exchanged
 

 
102,831

Employee tax withholdings by net share transactions
 
(7,632
)
 

Shares repurchased and retired
 
(244,098
)
 
(398,906
)
Allocation from 2.5% Convertible Senior Notes repurchase, net of tax
 
(30,833
)
 

Ending balance
 
3,610,904

 
3,842,784

EMPLOYEE STOCK TRUST
 
 

 
 

Beginning balance
 
(32,419
)
 
(34,466
)
Shares issued to plans
 
(1,237
)
 
(1,481
)
Distributions and forfeitures
 
411

 
914

Ending balance
 
(33,245
)
 
(35,033
)
DEFERRED COMPENSATION EMPLOYEE STOCK TRUST
 
 

 
 

Beginning balance
 
32,419

 
34,466

Shares issued to plans
 
1,237

 
1,481

Distributions and forfeitures
 
(411
)
 
(914
)
Ending balance
 
33,245

 
35,033

RETAINED EARNINGS
 
 

 
 

Beginning balance
 
1,715,395

 
1,539,984

Net income attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
 
71,339

 
116,616

Dividends declared
 
(29,550
)
 
(23,695
)
Ending balance
 
1,757,184

 
1,632,905

APPROPRIATED RETAINED EARNINGS FOR CONSOLIDATED INVESTMENT VEHICLE
 
 

 
 

Beginning balance
 
12,221

 
10,922

Net loss reclassified to appropriated retained earnings
 
(3,046
)
 
(5,802
)
Ending balance
 
9,175

 
5,120

ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, NET
 
 

 
 

Beginning balance
 
71,472

 
93,361

Net unrealized holding gains on investment securities
 
63

 
257

Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
(5,469
)
 
(32,666
)
Ending balance
 
66,066

 
60,952

TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
$
5,456,500

 
$
5,555,737


See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

5



LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
 
Six Months Ended
 

September 30,
 

2012

2011
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
 
 
 
 
Net Income
 
$
68,111

 
$
119,081

2.5% Convertible Senior Notes:
 
 
 
 
Allocation of repurchase payment
 
(216,038
)
 

Loss on extinguishment
 
68,975

 

Adjustments to reconcile Net Income to net cash provided by operations:
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
33,480

 
45,045

Imputed interest for 2.5% Convertible Senior Notes
 
5,839

 
19,230

Accretion and amortization of securities discounts and premiums, net
 
1,790

 
2,381

Stock-based compensation
 
27,160

 
25,948

Net (gains) losses on investments
 
(23,072
)
 
37,846

Net losses of consolidated investment vehicles
 
4,063

 
2,198

Deferred income taxes
 
(6,278
)
 
17,701

Other
 
2,387

 
901

Decrease (increase) in assets:
 
 
 
 
Investment advisory and related fees receivable
 
9,458

 
40,218

Net sales (purchases) of trading and other current investments
 
119,265

 
(44,822
)
Other receivables
 
7,927

 
(3,605
)
Other assets
 
6,030

 
14,419

Other assets of consolidated investment vehicles
 
666

 
22,479

Increase (decrease) in liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Accrued compensation
 
(126,576
)
 
(73,968
)
Deferred compensation
 
(12,583
)
 
(32,134
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
(2,348
)
 
(18,370
)
Other liabilities
 
(1,469
)
 
9,186

Other liabilities of consolidated investment vehicles
 
(3,666
)
 
(15,565
)
Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities
 
(36,879
)
 
168,169

Cash Flows from Investing Activities
 
 

 
 

Payments for fixed assets
 
(18,316
)
 
(14,577
)
Change in restricted cash
 
(757
)
 
7,705

Purchases of investment securities
 
(4,406
)
 
(3,754
)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investment securities
 
4,000

 
3,590

Purchases of investments by consolidated investment vehicles
 
(74,172
)
 
(113,668
)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments by consolidated investment vehicles
 
81,508

 
123,765

Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
 
$
(12,143
)
 
$
3,061


6



LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
 
Six Months Ended
 

September 30,
 

2012

2011
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
 
 
 
 
Repayment of short-term borrowings
 
$
(250,000
)
 
$

Repayment of 2.5% Convertible Senior Notes, net of operating allocation
 
(1,040,212
)
 

Repayment of long-term debt
 
(634
)
 
(391
)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
 
1,143,246

 

Debt issuance costs
 
(8,642
)
 

Issuance of common stock
 
1,014

 
1,453

Repurchase of common stock
 
(252,732
)
 
(400,266
)
Dividends paid
 
(26,251
)
 
(21,029
)
Net repayments of consolidated investment vehicles
 

 
(18,309
)
Net (redemptions/distributions paid to)/subscriptions received from noncontrolling interest holders
 
(2,300
)
 
649

Cash Used in Financing Activities
 
(436,511
)
 
(437,893
)
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash
 
1,238

 
(15,611
)
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
(484,295
)
 
(282,274
)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
 
1,382,263

 
1,375,918

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
 
$
897,968

 
$
1,093,644



See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
  


7



LEGG MASON, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
September 30, 2012
(Unaudited)


1.
Interim Basis of Reporting

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of Legg Mason, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively “Legg Mason”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). The interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the interim basis of reporting and, as such, reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented. The preparation of interim consolidated financial statements requires management to make assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the interim consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates and the differences could have a material impact on the interim consolidated financial statements.

The nature of Legg Mason's business is such that the results of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of a full year. The fiscal year-end condensed balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements and, in accordance with interim financial information standards, does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. Certain amounts in prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

The information contained in the interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with Legg Mason's latest Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC.

Terms such as “we,” “us,” “our,” and “Company” refer to Legg Mason.

2.
Significant Accounting Policies

Consolidation
In accordance with financial accounting standards on consolidation, Legg Mason consolidates and separately identifies certain sponsored investment vehicles, the most significant of which is a collateralized loan obligation entity (“CLO”).  The consolidation of these investment vehicles has no impact on Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. and does not have a material impact on Legg Mason's consolidated operating results.  The change in the value of these consolidated investment vehicles, which is recorded in Other non-operating income (expense), is reflected in its Net Income, net of amounts allocated to noncontrolling interests.  Also, see Note 12 for additional information regarding the consolidation of investment vehicles.

Restructuring Costs
In May 2010, Legg Mason's management committed to a plan to streamline its business model as further described in Note 11. The streamlining initiative was completed as of March 31, 2012. The costs associated with this initiative primarily related to employee termination benefits, incentives to retain employees during the transition period, charges for consolidating leased office space, and contract termination costs. Termination benefits, including severance and retention incentives, were recorded as Transition-related compensation in the Consolidated Statements of Income. These compensation items required employees to provide future service and were therefore expensed ratably over the required service period. Contract termination and other costs were expensed when incurred.

New Capital Plan
In May 2012, Legg Mason implemented a new capital plan for the refinancing/restructuring of debt, the completion of the existing share repurchase authorization, and the authorization of further share repurchases. As a result, Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. for the six months ended September 30, 2012, includes a pre-tax loss on debt extinguishment of $68,975 and a net reduction in outstanding debt obligations of $350,000. See Notes 6 and 9 for further details.


8



Income Taxes
In July 2011, The U.K. Finance Act 2011 was enacted, which reduced the main U.K. corporate tax rate from 27% to 26% effective April 1, 2011, and from 26% to 25% effective April 1, 2012. In July 2012, The U.K. Finance Act 2012 was enacted, further reducing the main U.K. corporate tax rate to 24% effective April 1, 2012 and 23% effective April 1, 2013. The reductions in the U.K. corporate tax rate resulted in tax benefits of $18,075 and $18,268, recognized in the quarters ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, as a result of the revaluation of existing deferred tax assets and liabilities at the new rates. As a result of the revaluation adjustments, the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, was reduced by 18.5 percentage points and 22.7 percentage points, respectively. Similarly, the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, was reduced by 32.8 percentage points and 12.6 percentage points, respectively.

Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests related to consolidated investment vehicles ("CIVs") are classified as redeemable noncontrolling interests if investors in these funds may request withdrawals at any time. There are no nonredeemable noncontrolling interests as of September 30, 2012, March 31, 2012, or September 30, 2011. As noted above, Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Consolidated Statements of Income also includes Net income (loss) reclassified to Appropriated retained earnings for consolidated investment vehicle in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, included the following amounts:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
$
479

 
$
4,376

 
$
(182
)
 
$
8,267

Net loss reclassified to Appropriated retained earnings for consolidated investment vehicle
 
(181
)
 
(3,657
)
 
(3,046
)
 
(5,802
)
Total
 
$
298

 
$
719

 
$
(3,228
)
 
$
2,465


Redeemable noncontrolling interests as of and for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, were as follows:
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
24,031

 
$
36,712

Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
(182
)
 
8,267

Net (redemptions/distributions paid to)/subscriptions received from noncontrolling interest holders
 
(2,300
)
 
649

Balance, end of period
 
$
21,549

 
$
45,628


Recent Accounting Developments
In July 2012, the FASB updated the guidance on the annual indefinite-lived intangible asset tests for impairment. The update permits companies to assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of the intangible asset is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the currently required quantitative fair value assessment. This update will be effective for Legg Mason in fiscal 2014, if not adopted early. This update is not expected to have a material effect on Legg Mason's recorded indefinite-lived assets, and Legg Mason is still evaluating its adoption.

3. Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities

The disclosures below include details of Legg Mason's assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, excluding the assets and liabilities of CIVs. See Note 12, Variable Interest Entities and Consolidation of Investment Vehicles, for information related to the assets and liabilities of CIVs that are measured at fair value.


9



The fair values of financial assets and (liabilities) of the Company were determined using the following categories of inputs:
 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
 
Quoted prices in active markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant other observable
inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
 
$
535,977

 
$

 
$

 
$
535,977

Time deposits
 

 
102,481

 

 
102,481

Total cash equivalents
 
535,977

 
102,481

 

 
638,458

Investment securities:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Trading investments relating to long-term incentive compensation plans(2)
 
92,999

 

 

 
92,999

Trading proprietary fund products and other investments(3)
 
119,940

 
79,304

 

 
199,244

Equity method investments relating to long-term incentive compensation plans, proprietary fund products and other investments(4)(5)
 
12,402

 
38,005

 
11,705

 
62,112

Total current investments
 
225,341

 
117,309

 
11,705

 
354,355

Available-for-sale investment securities(6)
 
2,102

 
10,290

 
12

 
12,404

Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other(6)
 
1,008

 
2,517

 
28,041

 
31,566

Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs(4)(6)
 
1,375

 
4

 
129,294

 
130,673

Derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 


 
 

Currency and market hedges
 
939

 

 

 
939

Other investments(6)
 

 

 
119

 
119

 
 
$
766,742

 
$
232,601

 
$
169,171

 
$
1,168,514

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency and market hedges
 
$
(907
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(907
)



10



 
 
As of March 31, 2012
 
 
Quoted prices in active markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
 
$
893,738

 
$

 
$

 
$
893,738

Time deposits
 

 
88,289

 

 
88,289

Total cash equivalents
 
893,738

 
88,289

 

 
982,027

Investment securities:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Trading investments relating to long-term incentive compensation plans(2)
 
111,257

 

 

 
111,257

Trading proprietary fund products and other investments(3)
 
143,002

 
79,583

 

 
222,585

Equity method investments relating to long-term incentive compensation plans, proprietary fund products and other investments(4)(5)
 
11,565

 
54,934

 
11,778

 
78,277

Total current investments
 
265,824

 
134,517

 
11,778

 
412,119

Available-for-sale investment securities(6)
 
2,091

 
9,810

 
12

 
11,913

Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other(6)
 
851

 
5,351

 
28,763

 
34,965

Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs(4)(6)
 
1,415

 
1,348

 
166,438

 
169,201

Derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Currency and market hedges
 
84

 

 

 
84

Other investments(6)
 

 

 
112

 
112

 
 
$
1,164,003

 
$
239,315

 
$
207,103

 
$
1,610,421

Liabilities:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Derivative liabilities:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Currency and market hedges
 
$
(886
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(886
)
(1)
Cash equivalents include highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less. Cash investments in actively traded money market funds are measured at net asset value ("NAV") and are classified as Level 1.  Cash investments in time deposits are measured at amortized cost, which approximates fair value because of the short time between the purchase of the instrument and its expected realization, and are classified as Level 2.
(2)
Primarily mutual funds where there is minimal market risk to the Company as any change in value is primarily offset by an adjustment to compensation expense and related deferred compensation liability.
(3)
Trading proprietary fund products and other investments primarily represent mutual funds that are invested approximately 52% and 48% in equity and debt securities, respectively, as of both September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012.
(4)
Substantially all of Legg Mason's equity method investments are investment companies which record their underlying investments at fair value.  Fair value is measured using Legg Mason's share of the investee's underlying net income or loss, which is predominately representative of fair value adjustments in the investments held by the equity method investee.
(5)
Includes investments under the equity method (which approximates fair value) relating to long-term incentive compensation plans of $38,005 and $54,934 as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively, and proprietary fund products and other investments of $24,107 and $23,343 as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively, which are classified as Investment securities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(6)
Amounts are included in Other non-current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for each of the periods presented.

Substantially all of the above financial instruments where valuation methods rely on other than observable market inputs as a significant input utilize the equity method, the cost method, or NAV practical expedient, such that measurement uncertainty has little relevance.


11



The changes in financial assets measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, are presented in the tables below:
 
 
Value as of June 30, 2012
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Redemptions/Settlements/ Other
 
Transfers
 
Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net
 
Value as of September 30, 2012
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity method investments in proprietary fund products
 
$
11,296

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
409

 
$
11,705

Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other
 
28,513

 

 
(788
)
 
(415
)
 

 
731

 
28,041

Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs
 
160,602

 
122

 
(204
)
 
(45,488
)
 

 
14,262

 
129,294

Other investments
 
128

 

 

 

 

 
3

 
131

 
 
$
200,539

 
$
122

 
$
(992
)
 
$
(45,903
)
 
$

 
$
15,405

 
$
169,171


 
 
Value as of June 30, 2011
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Redemptions/Settlements/ Other
 
Transfers
 
Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net
 
Value as of September 30, 2011
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading proprietary fund products and other investments
 
$
280

 
$

 
$
(100
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(1
)
 
$
179

Equity method investments in proprietary fund products
 
12,240

 

 

 

 

 
(635
)
 
11,605

Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other
 
21,952

 
7,038

 

 

 

 
(521
)
 
28,469

Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs
 
143,107

 
24,174

 
(1,636
)
 
(619
)
 

 
(4,364
)
 
160,662

Other investments
 
1,254

 

 

 
(159
)
 

 
(962
)
 
133

 
 
$
178,833

 
$
31,212

 
$
(1,736
)
 
$
(778
)
 
$

 
$
(6,483
)
 
$
201,048



12



 
 
Value as of March 31, 2012
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Redemptions/ Settlements/ Other
 
Transfers
 
Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net
 
Value as of September 30, 2012
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity method investments in proprietary fund products
 
$
11,778

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(73
)
 
$
11,705

Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other
 
28,763

 

 
(788
)
 
(566
)
 

 
632

 
28,041

Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs
 
166,438

 
212

 
(842
)
 
(52,066
)
 

 
15,552

 
129,294

Other investments
 
124

 

 

 

 

 
7

 
131

 
 
$
207,103

 
$
212

 
$
(1,630
)
 
$
(52,632
)
 
$

 
$
16,118

 
$
169,171

 
 
Value as of March 31, 2011
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Redemptions/Settlements/ Other
 
Transfers
 
Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net
 
Value as of September 30, 2011
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading proprietary fund products and other investments
 
$
11,378

 
$

 
$
(11,741
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
542

 
$
179

Equity method investments in proprietary fund products
 
12,167

 

 

 

 

 
(562
)
 
11,605

Investments in partnerships, LLCs and other
 
22,167

 
6,932

 

 
(109
)
 

 
(521
)
 
28,469

Equity method investments in partnerships and LLCs
 
153,931

 
25,504

 
(3,293
)
 
(12,697
)
 

 
(2,783
)
 
160,662

Other investments
 
282

 

 

 
(159
)
 

 
10

 
133

 
 
$
199,925

 
$
32,436

 
$
(15,034
)
 
$
(12,965
)
 
$

 
$
(3,314
)
 
$
201,048


Realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level 3 investments are included in Other income (expense) on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Total unrealized gains (losses) for Level 3 investments relating only to those assets still held at the reporting date were $15,145 and $(6,487) for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Total unrealized gains (losses) for Level 3 investments relating only to those assets still held at the reporting date were $16,429 and $(5,419) for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

There were no material transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the three or six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.

13



As a practical expedient, Legg Mason relies on the NAV of certain investments as their fair value.  The NAVs that have been provided by the investees have been derived from the fair values of the underlying investments as of the reporting date.  The following table summarizes, as of September 30, 2012, the nature of these investments and any related liquidation restrictions or other factors which may impact the ultimate value realized:
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Determined Using NAV
 
As of September 30, 2012
Category of Investment
 
Investment Strategy
 
September 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
 
Unfunded Commitments
 
Remaining Term
Funds-of-hedge funds
 
Global macro, fixed income, long/short equity, natural resources, systematic, emerging market, European hedge
 
$
46,184

(1)
$
51,251

(2)
n/a

 
n/a
Hedge funds
 
Fixed income - developed market, event driven, fixed income - hedge, relative value arbitrage, European hedge
 
25,163

 
25,460

 
$
20,000

 
n/a
Private equity funds
 
Long/short equity
 
27,002

(3)
27,927

(3)
6,140

 
Up to 8 years
Private fund
 
Fixed income, residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
63,849

 
89,323

 
n/a

 
6 years, subject to two one-year extensions (4)
Other
 
Various
 
2,330

 
2,450

 
n/a

 
Various (5)
Total
 
 
 
$
164,528

(6
)
$
196,411

(6
)
$
26,140

 
 
n/a-not applicable
(1)
59% monthly redemption; 41% quarterly redemption, of which 38% is subject to two-year lock-up, which expires in June 2013.
(2)
63% monthly redemption; 37% quarterly redemption, of which 36% is subject to two-year lock-up, which expires in June 2013.
(3)    Liquidations are expected over the remaining term.
(4) Upon liquidation of the fund, Legg Mason's investment is expected to be fully redeemed in the quarter ended December 31, 2012.
(5)
Of this balance, 4% has a remaining term of less than one year and 96% has a remaining term of 20 years.
(6)
Comprised of approximately 15% and 85% of Level 2 and Level 3 assets, respectively, as of September 30, 2012 and 13% and 87% of Level 2 and Level 3 assets, respectively, as of March 31, 2012.

There are no current plans to sell any of these investments held as of September 30, 2012.

4. Fixed Assets

Fixed assets consist of equipment, software and leasehold improvements.  Equipment consists primarily of communications and technology hardware and furniture and fixtures.  Software includes purchased software and internally developed software. Fixed assets are reported at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization.  The following table reflects the components of fixed assets as of:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
Equipment
 
$
156,471

 
$
155,173

Software
 
216,043

 
205,760

Leasehold improvements
 
245,983

 
242,566

Total cost
 
618,497

 
603,499

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
(388,515
)
 
(364,088
)
Fixed assets, net
 
$
229,982

 
$
239,411


Depreciation and amortization expense included in operating income was $12,896 and $16,662 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $26,471 and $33,963 for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.



14



5. Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The following table reflects the components of intangible assets as of:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
Amortizable asset management contracts
 
 

 
 

Cost
 
$
205,880

 
$
206,411

Accumulated amortization
 
(179,452
)
 
(172,974
)
Net
 
26,428

 
33,437

Indefinite–life intangible assets
 
 

 
 

Fund management contracts
 
3,753,688

 
3,753,629

Trade names
 
69,800

 
69,800

 
 
3,823,488

 
3,823,429

Intangible assets, net
 
$
3,849,916

 
$
3,856,866


As of September 30, 2012, amortizable asset management contracts are being amortized over a weighted-average remaining life of 2.6 years.

Estimated amortization expense for each of the next five fiscal years is as follows:
Remaining 2013
 
$
7,010

2014
 
11,835

2015
 
2,920

2016
 
2,663

2017
 
2,000

Thereafter
 

Total
 
$
26,428


Indefinite-life fund management contracts include $2,502,000 of mutual fund contracts acquired in the Citigroup Asset Management ("CAM") acquisition, principally managed by ClearBridge Advisors LLC and Western Asset Management Company, which as of Legg Mason's most recent annual impairment test as of December 31, 2011, had an assessed fair value that exceeded its carrying value by 5%. Given the current uncertainty regarding future market conditions, should market performance, flows, or related AUM levels decrease in the near term such that cash flow projections deviate from current projections, it is reasonably possible that the asset could be deemed to be impaired by a material amount.

The change in the carrying value of goodwill is summarized below:
 
 
Gross Book Value
 
Accumulated Impairment
 
Net Book Value
Balance as of March 31, 2012
 
$
2,436,945

 
$
(1,161,900
)
 
$
1,275,045

Impact of excess tax basis amortization
 
(10,792
)
 

 
(10,792
)
Other, including changes in foreign exchange rates
 
(8,107
)
 

 
(8,107
)
Balance as of September 30, 2012
 
$
2,418,046

 
$
(1,161,900
)
 
$
1,256,146





15



6. Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt

The disclosures below include details of Legg Mason’s debt, excluding the debt of CIVs.  See Note 12, Variable Interest Entities and Consolidation of Investment Vehicles, for information related to the debt of CIVs.

In May 2012, Legg Mason announced a new capital plan that included the refinancing of its 2.5% Convertible Senior Notes (the "Notes”) due 2015, as further discussed below. The refinancing was effected through the issuance of $650,000 of 5.5% senior notes, the net proceeds of which, together with cash on hand and $250,000 of remaining borrowing capacity under an existing revolving credit facility, were used to repurchase the entire $1,250,000 face amount of the Notes.

Also, pursuant to the new capital plan, in June 2012, Legg Mason entered into a new unsecured credit agreement which provides for a new undrawn $500,000 revolving credit facility and a $500,000 term loan, also further discussed below. The proceeds of the term loan were used to repay the $500,000 of outstanding borrowings under the previous revolving credit facility, which was then terminated. As of March 31, 2012, there was $250,000 outstanding under the previous revolving credit facility, which had a then effective interest rate of 2.9%.
The new $500,000 revolving credit facility may be increased by an aggregate amount of up to $250,000, subject to the approval of the lenders, and expires in June 2017. The new revolving credit facility has an interest rate of LIBOR plus 150 basis points and an annual commitment fee of 20 basis points. The interest rate may change in the future based on changes in Legg Mason's credit ratings. This revolving credit facility is available to fund working capital needs and for general corporate purposes. There were no borrowings outstanding under this facility as of September 30, 2012.
The revolving credit facility and term loan have standard financial covenants, including a maximum net debt to EBITDA ratio (as defined in the documents) of 2.5 to 1 and minimum EBITDA to interest ratio (as defined in the documents) of 4.0 to 1. As of September 30, 2012, Legg Mason's net debt to EBITDA ratio was 1.4 to 1 and EBITDA to interest expense ratio was 12.4 to 1, and therefore, Legg Mason has maintained compliance with the applicable covenants.
Five-year Term Loan
The $500,000 term loan entered into in conjunction with the unsecured credit agreement noted above can be repaid at any time and will be due in four annual installments of $50,000, beginning in June 2013, with the remainder to be repaid at maturity in June 2017. The term loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 150 basis points, which may change in the future based on changes in Legg Mason's credit ratings. The effective interest rate as of September 30, 2012 was 1.7%.
5.5% Senior Notes
The $650,000 5.5% Senior Notes (the "Senior Notes") due May 2019, were sold at a discount of $6,754, which is being amortized to interest expense over the seven-year term. The Senior Notes are subject to certain nonfinancial covenants and registration rights, which if not complied with, requires additional interest up to 0.50% over the stated rate. As of September 30, 2012, the interest rate was 5.75%, which includes 0.25% associated with the registration status of the Senior Notes. The Senior Notes can be redeemed at any time prior to their scheduled maturity, in part or in aggregate, at the greater of the related principal amount at that time or the sum of the remaining scheduled payments discounted at the Treasury rate (as defined) plus 0.50%, together with any related accrued and unpaid interest.
2.5% Convertible Senior Notes and Related Hedge Transactions
The terms of the repurchase of the Notes in May 2012 noted above included their repayment at par plus accrued interest, a prepayment fee of $6,250, and a non-cash exchange of warrants (the “Warrants”) to the holders of the Notes that replicate and extend the contingent conversion feature of the Notes. The cash payment of $1,256,250 to repurchase the Notes was allocated between their liability and equity components based on a liability fair value of $1,193,971, determined using a then current market interest rate of 4.1%, resulting in a loss on debt extinguishment of $68,975, including $7,851 of accelerated deferred issue costs. The remaining balance of the cash payment was allocated to the equity component of the Notes for a $62,279 reduction of additional paid-in capital, offset by related tax benefits of $31,446. The $1,193,971 amount of cash repurchase payment allocated to the liability component of the Notes upon their extinguishment exceeds the initial allocated value at issuance of $977,933, requiring the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended September 30, 2012 to include an allocation of the $216,038 excess to operating activities.
The Warrants issued to the holders of the Notes in connection with the repurchase of the Notes provide for the purchase, in

16



the aggregate and subject to adjustment, of 14,205 shares of Legg Mason common stock, on a net share settled basis, at an exercise price of $88 per share. Upon exercise of the Warrants, Legg Mason will be required to deliver to the holders of the Warrants, at its election, either shares of its common stock or cash, in an amount based on the excess of the market price per share of its common stock over the exercise price of the Warrants. The Warrants expire in July 2017. Legg Mason has had the ability to settle its obligations under the Warrants with Legg Mason common stock. Accordingly, the Warrants are accounted for as equity.
In connection with the extinguishment of the Notes, the hedge transactions (purchased call options and warrants) executed in connection with the initial issuance of the Notes were also terminated.
The accreted value of long-term debt consists of the following:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
 
 
Current Accreted Value
 
Unamortized Discount
 
Maturity Amount
 
Accreted Value
5.5% senior notes
 
$
643,590

 
$
6,410

 
$
650,000

 
$

Five-year term loan
 
500,000

 

 
500,000

 

Other term loans
 
9,249

 

 
9,249

 
9,883

2.5% convertible senior notes
 

 

 

 
1,127,009

Subtotal
 
1,152,839

 
6,410

 
1,159,249

 
1,136,892

Less: current portion
 
58,372

 

 
58,372

 
1,278

Total
 
$
1,094,467

 
$
6,410

 
$
1,100,877

 
$
1,135,614


As of September 30, 2012, the aggregate maturities of long-term debt, based on their contractual terms, are as follows:
Remaining 2013
 
$
8,373

2014
 
50,438

2015
 
50,438

2016
 
50,000

2017
 
50,000

Thereafter
 
950,000

Total
 
$
1,159,249


At September 30, 2012, the estimated fair value of long-term debt was $1,206,218, and is classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Prior to the repurchase of the Notes in May 2012, as previously discussed, Legg Mason was accreting the carrying value of the Notes to the principal amount at maturity using an interest rate of 6.5% (the effective borrowing rate for non-convertible debt at the time of issuance) over its expected life of seven years, resulting in interest expense of $9,741 for the three months ended September 30, 2011, and $5,839 and $19,230 for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

7.  Stock-Based Compensation

Legg Mason's stock-based compensation includes stock options, employee stock purchase plans, restricted stock awards and units, performance shares payable in common stock, and deferred compensation payable in stock. Shares available for issuance under the active equity incentive stock plan as of September 30, 2012, were 10,543. Options under Legg Mason’s employee stock plans have been granted at prices not less than 100% of the fair market value. Options are generally exercisable in equal increments over four to five years and expire within eight to ten years from the date of grant.
 
Compensation expense relating to stock options for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was $2,619 and $3,500, respectively, and for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was $5,902 and $7,681, respectively.


17



Stock option transactions during the six months ended September 30, 2012, and 2011, respectively, are summarized below:
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Number of shares
 
Weighted-average exercise price per share
 
Number of shares
 
Weighted-average exercise price per share
Options outstanding at March 31
 
5,624

 
$
57.78

 
5,419

 
$
59.82

Granted
 
966

 
23.72

 
810

 
33.99

Exercised
 
(1
)
 
23.72

 
(8
)
 
25.76

Canceled/forfeited
 
(578
)
 
56.37

 
(305
)
 
47.95

Options outstanding at September 30
 
6,011

 
$
52.44

 
5,916

 
$
56.95


At September 30, 2012, options were exercisable on 3,586 shares, with a weighted-average exercise price of $68.60 and a weighted-average remaining contractual life of 3.1 years. Unamortized compensation cost related to unvested options (2,425 shares) at September 30, 2012, was $22,912 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.

The weighted-average fair value of stock option grants during the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, was $9.47 and $13.13 per share, respectively.

The following weighted-average assumptions were used in the model for grants in fiscal 2013 and 2012:
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Expected dividend yield
 
1.44
%
 
1.39
%
Risk-free interest rate
 
0.81
%
 
1.95
%
Expected volatility
 
51.80
%
 
47.16
%
Expected life (in years)
 
5.02

 
5.12


Compensation expense relating to restricted stock and restricted stock units for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was $11,715 and $8,533, respectively, and for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was $21,022 and $16,608, respectively.

Compensation expense for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 includes approximately $1,800 of accelerated stock-based net compensation costs associated with Legg Mason's Chief Executive Officer stepping down in September 2012.

Restricted stock and restricted stock unit transactions during the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, are summarized below:
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Number of shares
 
Weighted-average grant date value
 
Number of shares
 
Weighted-average grant date value
Unvested shares at March 31
 
2,873

 
$
33.83

 
2,637

 
$
33.01

Granted
 
2,183

 
24.04

 
1,315

 
33.79

Vested
 
(903
)
 
32.26

 
(700
)
 
33.86

Canceled/forfeited
 
(37
)
 
29.74

 
(42
)
 
33.06

Unvested shares at September 30
 
4,116

 
$
29.02

 
3,210

 
$
33.14


Unamortized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards at September 30, 2012 of $92,112 is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years. In connection with the change in Legg

18



Mason's Chief Executive Officer, in September 2012 325 shares of restricted stock were granted to certain executives and key employees, with an aggregate value of $8,400. These shares vest on March 31, 2014, and are intended to retain and motivate these employees.

Compensation expense relating to the stock purchase plan and deferred compensation payable in stock for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was $92 and $109, respectively, and for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was $236 and $284, respectively.

During the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, non-employee directors were granted 16 and 12 restricted stock units and 35 and 31 shares of common stock at a fair value of $1,250 and $1,375, respectively. As of September 30, 2012 and 2011, non-employee directors held 112 and 193 stock options, respectively, which are included in the outstanding options presented in the table above. As of September 30, 2012 and 2011, non-employee directors held 90 and 74 restricted stock units, respectively, which vest on the grant date and are, therefore, not included in the unvested shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units in the table above. During the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, non-employee directors did not exercise any stock options and no restricted stock units were distributed. During the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, there were 72 and 27 non-employee director stock options canceled or forfeited, respectively.

During fiscal 2012, Legg Mason established a long-term incentive plan (the "LTIP") under its equity incentive plan, which provides an additional element of compensation that is based on performance. Under the LTIP, executive officers were granted cash value performance units in the June 2011 quarter and the September 2012 quarter that will vest at the end of their respective three year periods based upon Legg Mason's cumulative adjusted earnings per share over the respective periods. Awards granted under the LTIP may be settled in cash and/or shares of Legg Mason common stock, at the discretion of Legg Mason. The estimated payout amounts of the awards, if any, are expensed over the future vesting periods based on a probability assessment of the expected outcome under the LTIP provisions.

As part of the Company's streamlining initiative, as further discussed in Note 11, the employment of certain recipients of stock option and restricted stock awards has been terminated. The termination benefits extended to these employees included accelerated vesting of their unvested equity incentive awards to January 1, 2012, which precedes dates under the original terms of the awards. The portion of the awards subject to accelerated vesting was revalued and expensed over the new vesting period, the impact of which is included above in fiscal year 2012.

8. Commitments and Contingencies

Legg Mason leases office facilities and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases, and also has multi-year agreements for certain services. These leases and service agreements expire on varying dates through fiscal 2026. Certain leases provide for renewal options and contain escalation clauses providing for increased rentals based upon maintenance, utility and tax increases.
 
As of September 30, 2012, the minimum annual aggregate rentals under operating leases and service agreements are as follows:
Remaining 2013
 
$
75,216

2014
 
125,876

2015
 
115,892

2016
 
103,671

2017
 
93,843

Thereafter
 
510,693

Total
 
$
1,025,191


The minimum rental commitments shown above have not been reduced by $158,496 for minimum sublease rentals to be received in the future under non-cancelable subleases, of which approximately 46% is due from one counterparty.  If a sub-tenant defaults on a sublease, Legg Mason may incur operating charges to reflect expected future sublease rentals at reduced amounts, as a result of the current commercial real estate market.


19



The above minimum rental commitments include $930,855 in real estate and equipment leases and $94,336 in service and maintenance agreements.

As of September 30, 2012, Legg Mason had commitments to invest approximately $36,891 in limited partnerships that make private investments. These commitments are expected to be funded as required through the end of the respective investment periods ranging through fiscal 2018.

In the normal course of business, Legg Mason enters into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties and that provide general indemnifications, which are not considered financial guarantees by relevant accounting guidance. Legg Mason’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against Legg Mason that have not yet occurred.

Legg Mason has been the subject of customer complaints and has also been named as a defendant in various legal actions arising primarily from securities brokerage, asset management and investment banking activities, including certain class actions, which primarily allege violations of securities laws and seek unspecified damages, which could be substantial. In the normal course of its business, Legg Mason has also received subpoenas and is currently involved in governmental and self-regulatory agency inquiries, investigations and, from time to time, proceedings involving asset management activities. In accordance with guidance for accounting for contingencies, Legg Mason has established provisions for estimated losses from pending complaints, legal actions, investigations and proceedings when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and a reasonable estimate of loss can be made.

In a transaction with Citigroup in December 2005, Legg Mason transferred to Citigroup the subsidiaries that constituted its Private Client/Capital Markets ("PC/CM") businesses, thus transferring the entities that would have primary liability for most of the customer complaint, litigation and regulatory liabilities and proceedings arising from those businesses. However, as part of that transaction, Legg Mason agreed to indemnify Citigroup for most customer complaint, litigation and regulatory liabilities of Legg Mason's former PC/CM businesses that result from pre-closing events. While the ultimate resolution of these matters cannot be determined based on current information, after consultation with legal counsel, management believes that any accrual or range of reasonably possible losses as of September 30, 2012 and 2011, is not material. Similarly, although Citigroup transferred to Legg Mason the entities that would be primarily liable for most customer complaint, litigation and regulatory liabilities and proceedings of the CAM business, Citigroup has agreed to indemnify Legg Mason for most customer complaint, litigation and regulatory liabilities of the CAM business that result from pre-closing events.

One of Legg Mason's asset management subsidiaries was named as the defendant in a lawsuit filed by a former institutional client in late August 2011. The complaint alleges breach of contract and breach of fiduciary duty arising from investments in the former client's account allegedly being inconsistent with the account's objectives, and seeks damages in excess of $90,000. Legg Mason believes that the claims are without merit and intends to defend the matter vigorously. Discovery in the case is ongoing, and a pretrial conference, previously scheduled for April 2013, has been moved to July 2013. Because of the preliminary status of the matter, Legg Mason cannot estimate the possible loss or range of loss from this matter, if any. In addition, although Legg Mason believes that this matter would likely be covered by insurance policies that may substantially mitigate the amount of any eventual loss, as is not unusual with litigation at this point in the process, there can be no assurance the action will not have a material effect on Legg Mason's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Another matter relates to two related regulatory investigations of one of Legg Mason's asset management subsidiaries regarding its compliance with applicable legal requirements with respect to an investment made for certain client accounts. Legg Mason believes that it handled the investment appropriately and is continuing discussions to resolve the matter. Although the ultimate resolution is unknown, Legg Mason has reserved $4 million as a probable outcome. Legg Mason also believes this matter would likely be covered by insurance policies that may substantially mitigate the amount of any eventual loss, but as is not unusual with regulatory proceedings at this point in the process, there can be no assurance that this matter will not have a material effect on Legg Mason's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Legg Mason cannot estimate the reasonably possible additional loss or range of loss associated with the ultimate resolution of the two matters above, or certain other matters described above as customer complaints, legal actions, inquires, proceedings and investigations. The inability to provide a reasonably possible amount or range of losses is not because there is uncertainty as to the ultimate outcome of a matter, but because liability and damage issues have not developed to the point where Legg Mason can conclude that there is both a reasonable possibility of a loss and a meaningful amount or range of possible losses.

20



There are numerous aspects to customer complaints, legal actions, inquiries, proceedings and investigations that prevent Legg Mason from estimating a related amount or range of reasonably possible losses. These aspects include, among other things, the very nature of the matters; that significant relevant facts are not known, are uncertain or are in dispute; and that damages sought are not specified, are uncertain, unsupportable or unexplained. In addition, for legal actions, discovery may not yet have started, may not be complete or may not be conclusive, and meaningful settlement discussions may not have occurred. Further, for regulatory matters, investigations may run their course without any clear indication of wrongdoing or fault until their conclusion.

In management's opinion, an adequate accrual has been made as of September 30, 2012, to provide for any probable losses that may arise from matters for which the Company could reasonably estimate an amount. Legg Mason's financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially affected during a period in which a matter is ultimately resolved. In addition, the ultimate costs of litigation-related charges can vary significantly from period-to-period, depending on factors such as market conditions, the size and volume of customer complaints and claims, including class action suits, and recoveries from indemnification, contribution or insurance reimbursement.

9. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated by dividing Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding. The calculation of weighted-average shares includes common shares and unvested restricted shares deemed to be participating securities. Diluted EPS is similar to basic EPS, but adjusts for the effect of potentially issuable common shares, except when inclusion is antidilutive.

In May 2012, as part of a new capital plan, Legg Mason's Board of Directors authorized $1,000,000 for additional purchases of Legg Mason common stock, as well as the completion of the repurchase of the then remaining approximate $155,000 of Legg Mason common stock previously authorized. The new capital plan authorizes using up to 65% of cash generated from future operations, beginning in fiscal 2013, to purchase shares of Legg Mason common stock.

During the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, Legg Mason purchased and retired 3,554 and 9,727 shares of its common stock for $90,071 and $245,071, respectively, through open market purchases, which completed the repurchase of its common stock under the previous authorization, and began purchases under the new authorization. These repurchases reduced weighted-average shares outstanding by 7,718 and 4,953 shares for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. The par value of the shares repurchased is charged to common stock, with the excess of the purchase price over par first charged against additional paid-in capital, with the remaining balance, if any, charged against retained earnings.

In connection with the change in its Chief Executive Officer in September 2012, Legg Mason issued 325 shares of restricted stock, during the three months ended September 30, 2012 to certain executives and key employees to retain and motivate these employees. During the six months ended September 30, 2012, Legg Mason issued 2,167 shares of restricted stock related to its annual incentive awards and the retention awards mentioned above. Of the shares issued in the six month period, 1,917 and 1,427 shares are included in weighted-average shares outstanding for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. Legg Mason issued 56 and 1,303 shares, respectively, of restricted stock related to its annual incentive awards, during the three and six months ended September 30, 2011. Of the shares issued in the six month period, 1,286 and 960 shares are included in weighted-average shares outstanding for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.

In June 2011, Legg Mason issued 1,830 shares of common stock upon the exercise of purchase contracts on the remaining outstanding Equity Units issued in May 2008. Of these shares, 1,830 and 930 shares are included in weighted-average shares outstanding for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011.


21



The following table presents the computations of basic and diluted EPS:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Basic
 
Diluted
 
Basic
 
Diluted
Weighted-average basic shares outstanding
 
134,098

 
134,098

 
143,877

 
143,877

Potential common shares:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employee stock options
 

 
30

 

 
54

Weighted-average diluted shares
 
134,098

 
134,128

 
143,877

 
143,931

Net Income
 
$
81,095

 
$
81,095

 
$
57,383

 
$
57,383

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
298

 
298

 
719

 
719

Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
 
$
80,797

 
$
80,797

 
$
56,664

 
$
56,664

Net Income per Share Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. Common Shareholders

 
$
0.60

 
$
0.60

 
$
0.39

 
$
0.39


 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Basic
 
Diluted
 
Basic
 
Diluted
Weighted-average basic shares outstanding
 
136,396

 
136,396

 
146,529

 
146,529

Potential common shares:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employee stock options
 

 
29

 

 
96

Weighted-average diluted shares
 
136,396

 
136,425

 
146,529

 
146,625

Net Income
 
$
68,111

 
$
68,111

 
$
119,081

 
$
119,081

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(3,228
)
 
(3,228
)
 
2,465

 
2,465

Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
 
$
71,339

 
$
71,339

 
$
116,616

 
$
116,616

Net Income per Share Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. Common Shareholders

 
$
0.52

 
$
0.52

 
$
0.80

 
$
0.80


The diluted EPS calculation for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, excludes any potential common shares issuable under the Notes extinguished in May 2012, or the Warrants exchanged for the Note conversion feature, because the market price of Legg Mason common stock had not exceeded the price at which conversion/exercise would be dilutive using the treasury stock method. Also, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, warrants issued in connection with the convertible note hedge transactions associated with the issuance of the 2.5% Convertible Senior Notes are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would be antidilutive.

Options to purchase 6,011 and 5,379 shares for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and 5,897 and 7,144 shares for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the presumed proceeds from exercising such options, including related income tax benefits, exceed the average price of the common shares for the period and therefore the options are deemed antidilutive.

10. Derivatives and Hedging

The disclosures below detail Legg Mason’s derivatives and hedging activities excluding the derivatives and hedging activities of CIVs. See Note 12, Variable Interest Entities and Consolidation of Investment Vehicles, for information related to the derivatives and hedging of CIVs.

Legg Mason uses currency forwards to economically hedge the risk of movements in exchange rates, primarily between the U.S. dollar, euro, Japanese yen, Singapore dollar, and British pound. In the Consolidated Balance Sheets, Legg Mason nets the fair value of certain foreign currency forwards executed with the same counterparty where Legg Mason has both the legal right and intent to settle the contracts on a net basis. Legg Mason has not designated any derivatives as hedging

22



instruments during the periods ended September 30, 2012, March 31, 2012, and September 30, 2011.

Legg Mason also uses market hedges on certain seed capital investments by entering into futures contracts to sell index funds that benchmark the hedged seed capital investments. Open futures contracts required cash collateral of $2,317 and $1,919 as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively.  

The following table presents the fair values as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, classified as Other assets and Other liabilities, of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
 
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
Currency forward contracts
 
$
527

 
$
897

 
$
38

 
$
685

Futures contracts
 
412

 
10

 
46

 
201

Total
 
$
939

 
$
907

 
$
84

 
$
886


The following table presents gains (losses) recognized on derivative instruments for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
 
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Income Statement Classification
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Gains
 
Losses
Currency forward contracts for:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating activities
 
Other expense
 
$
314

 
$
(1,132
)
 
$
5,047

 
$
(2,835
)
Seed capital investments
 
Other non-operating income (expense)
 
8

 
(258
)
 
401

 
(29
)
Futures contracts for seed capital investments
 
Other non-operating income (expense)
 
434

 
(1,352
)
 
5,964

 
(566
)
Total
 
 
 
$
756

 
$
(2,742
)
 
$
11,412

 
$
(3,430
)

 
 
 
 
Six months ended September 30,
 
 
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Income Statement Classification
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Gains
 
Losses
Currency forward contracts for:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating activities
 
Other expense
 
$
1,297

 
$
(1,087
)
 
$
4,805

 
$
(3,456
)
Seed capital investments
 
Other non-operating income (expense)
 
143

 
(136
)
 
299

 
(65
)
Futures contracts for seed capital investments
 
Other non-operating income (expense)
 
1,422

 
(1,868
)
 
6,294

 
(729
)
Total
 
 
 
$
2,862

 
$
(3,091
)
 
$
11,398

 
$
(4,250
)

11. Restructuring

In May 2010, Legg Mason announced a plan to streamline its business model to drive increased profitability and growth that primarily involved transitioning certain shared services to its investment affiliates which are closer to actual client relationships.  This plan involved headcount reductions in operations, technology, and other administrative areas, which were partially offset by headcount increases at the affiliates, and enabled Legg Mason to eliminate a portion of its corporate office space that was primarily dedicated to operations and technology employees.  The initiative was completed as of March 31, 2012.

Total transition-related costs were $127,500, including non-cash charges of $30,841, through completion of the plan in

23



March 2012. Of the total transition-related costs incurred, $79,686 were related to charges for employee termination benefits and retention incentives during the transition period, and were recorded in Transition-related compensation in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The remainder represents other costs, including charges for consolidating leased office space, early contract terminations, asset disposals, and professional fees, which were recorded in the appropriate operating expense classifications. Charges for transition-related costs were $15,138 and $28,858 for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, respectively, which primarily represent costs for severance and retention incentives.

The table below presents a summary of changes in the transition-related liability from March 31, 2011 through September 30, 2012:
 
 
Severance and retention incentives
 
Lease loss accruals and other
 
Total
Balance as of March 31, 2011
 
$
23,211

 
$
5,835

 
$
29,046

Accrued charges
 
29,096

 
25,916

(1
)
55,012

Payments
 
(51,140
)
 
(16,121
)
 
(67,261
)
Balance as of March 31, 2012
 
1,167

 
15,630

 
16,797

Payments and other
 
(1,165
)

(9,209
)
 
(10,374
)
Balance as of September 30, 2012
 
$
2

 
$
6,421

 
$
6,423

(1)
Includes lease loss accruals of $17,983 for space permanently abandoned.


12. Variable Interest Entities and Consolidation of Investment Vehicles

In the normal course of its business, Legg Mason sponsors and is the manager of various types of investment vehicles. Certain of these investment vehicles are considered to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”) while others are considered to be voting rights entities (“VREs”) subject to traditional consolidation concepts based on ownership rights. For its services, Legg Mason is entitled to receive management fees and may be eligible, under certain circumstances, to receive additional subordinate management fees or other incentive fees. Legg Mason's exposure to risk in these entities is generally limited to any equity investment it has made or is required to make and any earned but uncollected management fees. Investment vehicles that are considered VREs are consolidated if Legg Mason has a controlling financial interest in the investment vehicle, absent substantive kick-out rights.

Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46(R) (Accounting Standards Update 2010-10, "Amendments to Statement 167 for Certain Investment Funds")
For most sponsored investment funds, including money market funds, Legg Mason determines it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE if it absorbs a majority of the VIE's expected losses, or receives a majority of the VIE's expected residual returns, if any. Legg Mason's determination of expected residual returns excludes gross fees paid to a decision maker if certain criteria are met. In determining whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, Legg Mason considers both qualitative and quantitative factors such as the voting rights of the equity holders, economic participation of all parties, including how fees are earned and paid to Legg Mason, related party ownership, guarantees and implied relationships.
Legg Mason concluded it was the primary beneficiary of one sponsored investment fund VIE, and also held a controlling financial interest in one sponsored investment fund VRE, both of which were consolidated as of September 30, 2012, March 31, 2012 and September 30, 2011. Effective December 31, 2011, a controlling financial interest of $20,814 in a second sponsored investment fund VRE, previously consolidated by Legg Mason, was redeemed. Accordingly, the fund was deconsolidated by Legg Mason and the fund's balance sheet amounts have been excluded from Legg Mason's consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2012, but income statement and cash flow amounts for the fund have been included in Legg Mason's consolidated income and cash flow statements for the six months ended September 30, 2011.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 167 (Accounting Standards Codification Topic 810, "Consolidation")
For other sponsored investment funds that do not meet certain criteria, if Legg Mason has a significant variable interest, it determines it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE if it has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses, or the right to receive benefits, that potentially could be significant to the VIE.

24



Legg Mason concluded that it was the primary beneficiary of one of two CLOs in which it has a variable interest. Although it holds no equity interest in either of these investment vehicles, it had both the power to control and had a significant variable interest in one CLO because of the level of its expected subordinated fees. As of September 30, 2012, March 31, 2012 and September 30, 2011, the balances related to this CLO were consolidated on the Company's consolidated financial statements. Under the terms of the original collateral management agreement, this CLO has now concluded its reinvestment period, with purchases of new collateral assets precluded and future proceeds may be applied to the reduction of its debt. The other CLO is not consolidated as its level of expected subordinated fees is insignificant.
Legg Mason's investment in CIVs as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, was $36,821 and $38,919, respectively, which represents its maximum risk of loss, excluding uncollected advisory fees. The assets of these CIVs are primarily comprised of investment securities. Investors and creditors of these CIVs have no recourse to the general credit or assets of Legg Mason beyond its investment in these funds.

The following tables reflect the impact of CIVs on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively, and the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively:
Consolidating Balance Sheets
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
 
 
Balance
Before
Consolidation of CIVs
 
CIVs
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated Totals
 
Balance
Before
Consolidation of CIVs
 
CIVs
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated Totals
Current assets
 
$
1,810,259

 
$
58,216

 
$
(37,215
)
 
$
1,831,260

 
$
2,439,162

 
$
57,714

 
$
(39,408
)
 
$
2,457,468

Non-current assets
 
5,753,759

 
289,880

 

 
6,043,639

 
5,801,680

 
296,599

 

 
6,098,279

Total assets
 
$
7,564,018

 
$
348,096

 
$
(37,215
)
 
$
7,874,899

 
$
8,240,842

 
$
354,313

 
$
(39,408
)
 
$
8,555,747

Current liabilities
 
$
598,673

 
$
1,035

 
$
(394
)
 
$
599,314

 
$
971,804

 
$
4,467

 
$
(489
)
 
$
975,782

Long-term debt of CIVs
 

 
277,309

 

 
277,309

 

 
271,707

 

 
271,707

Other non-current liabilities
 
1,516,713

 
3,514

 

 
1,520,227

 
1,603,064

 
3,872

 

 
1,606,936

Total liabilities
 
2,115,386

 
281,858

 
(394
)
 
2,396,850

 
2,574,868

 
280,046

 
(489
)
 
2,854,425

Redeemable non-controlling interests
 
1,398

 

 
20,151

 
21,549

 
996

 

 
23,035

 
24,031

Total stockholders’ equity
 
5,447,234

 
66,238

 
(56,972
)
 
5,456,500

 
5,664,978

 
74,267

 
(61,954
)
 
5,677,291

Total liabilities and equity
 
$
7,564,018

 
$
348,096

 
$
(37,215
)
 
$
7,874,899

 
$
8,240,842

 
$
354,313

 
$
(39,408
)
 
$
8,555,747



25



Consolidating Statements of Income (Loss)
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
 
Balance
Before
Consolidation of CIVs
 
CIVs
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated Totals
 
Balance
Before
Consolidation of CIVs
 
CIVs
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated Totals
Total operating revenues
 
$
640,884

 
$

 
$
(589
)
 
$
640,295

 
$
670,522

 
$

 
$
(625
)
 
$
669,897

Total operating expenses
 
560,335

 
815

 
(589
)
 
560,561

 
562,785

 
885

 
(625
)
 
563,045

Operating income (loss)
 
80,549

 
(815
)
 

 
79,734

 
107,737

 
(885
)
 

 
106,852

Total other non-operating income (expense)
 
16,763

 
1,503

 
(508
)
 
17,758

 
(52,597
)
 
3,081

 
(1,559
)
 
(51,075
)
Income (loss) before income tax provision (benefit)
 
97,312

 
688

 
(508
)
 
97,492

 
55,140

 
2,196

 
(1,559
)
 
55,777

Income tax provision (benefit)
 
16,397

 

 

 
16,397

 
(1,606
)
 

 

 
(1,606
)
Net income (loss)
 
80,915


688


(508
)
 
81,095

 
56,746

 
2,196

 
(1,559
)
 
57,383

Less:  Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
118

 

 
180

 
298

 
82

 

 
637

 
719

Net income (loss) attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
 
$
80,797

 
$
688

 
$
(688
)
 
$
80,797

 
$
56,664

 
$
2,196

 
$
(2,196
)
 
$
56,664

 
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
 
Balance
Before
Consolidation of CIVs
 
CIVs
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated Totals
 
Balance
Before
Consolidation of CIVs
 
CIVs
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated Totals
Total operating revenues
 
$
1,272,161

 
$

 
$
(1,174
)
 
$
1,270,987

 
$
1,388,682

 
$

 
$
(1,677
)
 
$
1,387,005

Total operating expenses
 
1,114,858

 
1,492

 
(1,174
)
 
1,115,176

 
1,179,417

 
2,047

 
(1,677
)
 
1,179,787

Operating income (loss)
 
157,303

 
(1,492
)
 

 
155,811

 
209,265

 
(2,047
)
 

 
207,218

Total other non-operating income (expense)
 
(74,266
)
 
(2,632
)
 
598

 
(76,300
)
 
(66,229
)
 
8,183

 
(3,830
)
 
(61,876
)
Income (loss) before income tax provision (benefit)
 
83,037

 
(4,124
)
 
598

 
79,511

 
143,036

 
6,136

 
(3,830
)
 
145,342

Income tax provision (benefit)
 
11,400

 

 

 
11,400

 
26,261

 

 

 
26,261

Net income (loss)
 
71,637

 
(4,124
)
 
598

 
68,111

 
116,775

 
6,136

 
(3,830
)
 
119,081

Less:  Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
298

 

 
(3,526
)
 
(3,228
)
 
159

 

 
2,306

 
2,465

Net income (loss) attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
 
$
71,339

 
$
(4,124
)
 
$
4,124

 
$
71,339

 
$
116,616

 
$
6,136

 
$
(6,136
)
 
$
116,616


26



Other non-operating income (expense) includes interest income, interest expense and net gains (losses) on investments and long-term debt determined on an accrual basis.

The consolidation of CIVs has no impact on Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.

The fair value of the financial assets and (liabilities) of CIVs were determined using the following categories of inputs:
 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
 
Quoted prices in active markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hedge funds
 
$
1,524

 
$
6,237

 
$
21,751

 
$
29,512

Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLO loans
 

 
254,265

 

 
254,265

CLO bonds
 

 
10,630

 

 
10,630

Private equity funds
 

 

 
23,237

 
23,237

Total investments
 

 
264,895

 
23,237

 
288,132

 
 
$
1,524

 
$
271,132

 
$
44,988

 
$
317,644

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 
CLO debt
 
$

 
$

 
$
(277,309
)
 
$
(277,309
)
Derivative liabilities
 

 
(3,514
)
 

 
(3,514
)
 
 
$

 
$
(3,514
)
 
$
(277,309
)
 
$
(280,823
)

 
 
As of March 31, 2012
 
 
Quoted prices in active markets
(Level 1)
 
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hedge funds
 
$
1,016

 
$
6,443

 
$
24,116

 
$
31,575

Investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLO loans
 

 
260,690

 

 
260,690

CLO bonds
 

 
9,092

 

 
9,092

Private equity funds
 

 

 
25,071

 
25,071

Total investments
 

 
269,782

 
25,071

 
294,853

 
 
$
1,016

 
$
276,225

 
$
49,187

 
$
326,428

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

CLO debt
 
$

 
$

 
$
(271,707
)
 
$
(271,707
)
Derivative liabilities
 

 
(3,872
)
 

 
(3,872
)
 
 
$

 
$
(3,872
)
 
$
(271,707
)
 
$
(275,579
)

27



Except for the CLO debt, substantially all of the above financial instruments where valuation methods rely on other than observable market inputs as a significant input utilize the NAV practical expedient, such that measurement uncertainty has little relevance. The following table provides a summary of qualitative information relating to the valuation of CLO debt:
Value as of September 30, 2012
Valuation technique
Unobservable input
Range (weighted average)
$
(277,309
)
Discounted cash flow
Discount rate
1.5
%
-
16.0%
(2.9%)
 
 
Default rate
2.5
%
-
4.0%
(3.4%)
 
 
Constant prepayment rate
 
 
15.0%
 

Significant increases (decreases) in any of these inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Generally, both the constant rate of prepayment and default rate are driven by market conditions related to interest rates, credit ratings, and other factors. Each of the inputs noted could move independently depending on specific market conditions, making it possible for varying market conditions to drive changes in these inputs with a positive, negative, or zero correlation.
The changes in assets and (liabilities) of CIVs measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) are presented in the tables below:
 
 
Value as of June 30, 2012
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Transfers In
 
Transfers Out
 
Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net
 
Value as of September 30, 2012
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hedge funds
 
$
22,207

 
$
62

 
$
(1,087
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
569

 
$
21,751

Private equity funds
 
24,188

 

 
(1,152
)
 

 

 
201

 
23,237

 
 
$
46,395

 
$
62

 
$
(2,239
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
770

 
$
44,988

Liabilities:
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

CLO debt
 
$
(273,560
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(3,749
)
 
$
(277,309
)
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses), net
 
 
 
 

 
$
(2,979
)
 
 


 
 
Value as of June 30, 2011
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Transfers In
 
Transfers Out
 
Realized and unrealized gains, net
 
Value as of September 30, 2011
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hedge funds
 
$
35,718

 
$
1,647

 
$
(3,871
)
 
$

 
$
(1,057
)
 
$
890

 
$
33,327

Private equity funds
 
19,792

 
3,396

 

 

 

 
325

 
23,513

 
 
$
55,510

 
$
5,043

 
$
(3,871
)
 
$

 
$
(1,057
)
 
$
1,215

 
$
56,840

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLO debt
 
$
(278,195
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
10,481

 
$
(267,714
)
Total realized and unrealized gains, net
 
 
 
 
 
$
11,696

 
 


28



 
 
Value as of March 31, 2012
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Transfers In
 
Transfers Out
 
Realized and unrealized gains/(losses), net
 
Value as of September 30, 2012
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hedge funds
 
$
24,116

 
$
496

 
$
(1,917
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(944
)
 
$
21,751

Private equity funds
 
25,071

 

 
(2,030
)
 

 

 
196

 
23,237

 
 
$
49,187

 
$
496

 
$
(3,947
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(748
)
 
$
44,988

Liabilities:
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

CLO debt
 
$
(271,707
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(5,602
)
 
$
(277,309
)
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses), net
 
 
 
 

 
$
(6,350
)
 
 


 
 
Value as of March 31, 2011
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Transfers In
 
Transfers Out
 
Realized and unrealized gains, net
 
Value as of September 30, 2011
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hedge funds
 
$
34,272

 
$
10,699

 
$
(15,507
)
 
$
1,057

 
$
(1,057
)
 
$
3,863

 
$
33,327

Private equity funds
 
17,879

 
3,974

 

 

 

 
1,660

 
23,513

 
 
$
52,151

 
$
14,673

 
$
(15,507
)
 
$
1,057

 
$
(1,057
)
 
$
5,523

 
$
56,840

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLO debt
 
$
(278,320
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
10,606

 
$
(267,714
)
Total realized and unrealized gains, net
 
 
 
 
 
$
16,129

 
 

Realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level 3 assets and liabilities of CIVs are included in Other non-operating income (expense) of CIVs on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Total unrealized gains (losses) for Level 3 investments and liabilities of CIVs relating only to those assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date were $(3,471) and $9,990 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Total unrealized gains (losses) for Level 3 investments and liabilities of CIVs relating only to those assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date were $(6,963) and $10,935 for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.


29



The NAV values used as a practical expedient by CIVs have been provided by the investees and have been derived from the fair values of the underlying investments as of the reporting date. The following table summarizes, as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, the nature of these investments and any related liquidation restrictions or other factors which may impact the ultimate value realized:
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Determined
 Using NAV
 
As of September 30, 2012
Category of Investment
 
Investment Strategy
 
September 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012

 
Unfunded Commitments
 
Remaining Term
Hedge funds
 
Global macro, fixed income, long/short equity, systematic, emerging market, U.S. and European hedge
 
$
29,512

(1) 
$
31,575

(2) 
n/a

 
n/a
Private equity funds
 
Long/short equity
 
23,237

(3) 
25,071

(3) 
$
7,444

 
7 years
Total
 
 
 
$
52,749

 
$
56,646

 
$
7,444

 
 
n/a – not applicable
(1)
7% daily redemption; 7% monthly redemption; 3% quarterly redemption; and 83% are subject to three to five year lock-up or side pocket provisions.
(2)
5% daily redemption; 6% monthly redemption; 5% quarterly redemption; and 84% are subject to three to five year lock-up or side pocket provisions.
(3)
Liquidations are expected over the remaining term.

There are no current plans to sell any of these investments held as of September 30, 2012.

Legg Mason has elected the fair value option for certain eligible assets and liabilities, including corporate loans and debt, of the consolidated CLO. Management believes that the use of the fair value option eliminates certain timing differences and better matches the changes in fair value of assets and liabilities related to the CLO.

The following table presents the fair value and unpaid principal balance of CLO loans, bonds and debt carried at fair value under the fair value option as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
March 31, 2012
CLO loans and bonds
 
 
 
 
Unpaid principal balance
 
$
269,200

 
$
277,156

Unpaid principal balance in excess of fair value
 
(4,305
)
 
(7,374
)
Fair value
 
$
264,895

 
$
269,782

 
 
 
 


Unpaid principal balance of loans that are more than 90 days past due and also in nonaccrual status
 
$

 
$
2,963

Unpaid principal balance in excess of fair value for loans that are more than 90 days past due and also in nonaccrual status
 

 
(1,023
)
Fair value of loans more than 90 days past due and in nonaccrual status
 
$

 
$
1,940

 
 
 
 

CLO debt
 
 
 


Principal amounts outstanding
 
$
300,721

 
$
300,959

Excess unpaid principal over fair value
 
(23,412
)
 
(29,252
)
Fair value
 
$
277,309

 
$
271,707


During the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, total losses of $152 and $3,416, respectively, were recognized in Other non-operating income of CIVs in the Consolidated Statements of Income related to assets and liabilities for which the fair value option was elected. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, total losses of $3,047 and $4,551, respectively, were recognized in Other non-operating income of CIVs in the Consolidated Statements of Income

30



related to assets and liabilities for which the fair value option was elected. CLO loans and CLO debt measured at fair value have floating interest rates, therefore, substantially all of the estimated gains and losses included in earnings for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, were attributable to instrument specific credit risk.

The CLO debt bears interest at variable rates based on LIBOR plus a pre-defined spread, which ranges from 25 basis points to 400 basis points.  All outstanding debt matures on July 15, 2018.

Total derivative liabilities of CIVs of $3,514 and $3,872 as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively, are recorded in Other liabilities of CIVs.  Gains and (losses) of $106 and $(305), respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2012, and $358 and $(604), respectively, for the six months ended September 30, 2012, related to derivative liabilities of CIVs are included in Other non-operating income (loss) of CIVs.  Gains and (losses) of $41,896 and $(35,025), respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2011, and $53,986 and $(46,836), respectively, for the six months ended September 30, 2011, related to derivative assets and liabilities of CIVs are included in Other non-operating income (expense) of CIVs. There is no risk to Legg Mason in relation to the derivative assets and liabilities of the CIVs in excess of its investment in the funds, if any.

As of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, for VIEs in which Legg Mason holds a variable interest or is the sponsor and holds a variable interest, but for which it was not the primary beneficiary, Legg Mason's carrying value, the related VIE assets and liabilities and maximum risk of loss were as follows:
 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
 
VIE Assets Not
Consolidated
 
VIE Liabilities
Not Consolidated
 
Equity Interests
on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet
 
Maximum
Risk of Loss (1)
CLO
 
$
392,198

 
$
364,198

 
$

 
$
447

Public-Private Investment Program (2)
 
483,046

 
3,772

 
201

 
340

Other sponsored investment funds
 
16,203,914

 
92,569

 
51,058

 
86,763

Total
 
$
17,079,158

 
$
460,539

 
$
51,259

 
$
87,550


 
 
As of March 31, 2012
 
 
VIE Assets Not
Consolidated
 
VIE Liabilities
Not Consolidated
 
Equity Interests
on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet
 
Maximum
Risk of Loss (1)
CLO
 
$
390,861

 
$
362,861

 
$

 
$
442

Public-Private Investment Program (2)
 
674,520

 
3,213

 
282

 
282

Other sponsored investment funds
 
17,296,521

 
20,544

 
54,161

 
93,521

Total
 
$
18,361,902

 
$
386,618

 
$
54,443

 
$
94,245

(1)
Includes equity investments the Company has made or is required to make and any earned but uncollected management fees.
(2)
Upon liquidation of the fund, Legg Mason's investment is expected to be fully redeemed in the quarter ended December 31, 2012.

The assets of these VIEs are primarily comprised of cash and cash equivalents and investment securities, and the liabilities are primarily comprised of debt and various expense accruals. These VIEs are not consolidated because Legg Mason does not absorb a majority of each VIE's expected losses or does not receive a majority of each VIE's expected residual returns.


31



Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Legg Mason, Inc., a holding company, with its subsidiaries (which collectively comprise "Legg Mason") is a global asset management firm. Acting through our subsidiaries, we provide investment management and related services to institutional and individual clients, company-sponsored mutual funds and other investment vehicles. We offer these products and services directly and through various financial intermediaries. We have operations principally in the United States of America ("U.S.") and the United Kingdom ("U.K.") and also have offices in Australia, Bahamas, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Dubai, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Poland, Singapore, Spain, Switzerland and Taiwan. Terms such as "we," "us," "our," and "Company" refer to Legg Mason.

The financial services business in which we are engaged is extremely competitive. Our competition includes numerous global, national, regional and local asset management firms, broker-dealers and commercial banks. The industry has been impacted by continued economic uncertainty, the constant introduction of new products and services, and in prior years, by the consolidation of financial services firms through mergers and acquisitions. The industry in which we operate is also subject to extensive regulation under federal, state, and foreign laws. Like most firms, we have been and will continue to be impacted by regulatory and legislative changes. Responding to these changes, and keeping abreast of regulatory developments, has required us to incur costs that continue to impact our profitability.

Our financial position and results of operations are materially affected by the overall trends and conditions of the financial markets, particularly in the United States, but increasingly in the other countries in which we operate. Results of any individual period should not be considered representative of future results. Our profitability is sensitive to a variety of factors, including the amount and composition of our assets under management, and the volatility and general level of securities prices and interest rates, among other things. Sustained periods of unfavorable market conditions are likely to affect our profitability adversely. In addition, the diversification of services and products offered, investment performance, access to distribution channels, reputation in the market, attracting and retaining key employees and client relations are significant factors in determining whether we are successful in attracting and retaining clients. In the last few years, the industry has seen flows into products for which we do not currently garner significant market share. For a further discussion of factors that may affect our results of operations, refer to Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.

Our strategy is focused on three primary areas listed below.  Management keeps these strategic priorities in mind when it evaluates our operating performance and financial condition.  Consistent with this approach, we have also listed below the most important matters on which management currently focuses in evaluating our performance and financial condition.
Outstanding independent investment managers:
The investment performance of our asset management products and services compared to their benchmarks and to the performance of competitive products for the trailing 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods.
Our assets under management ("AUM"), the components of the changes in our AUM amid continued market uncertainty, the long-term trend of outflows in AUM in our recent history, the mix of our AUM among equity, fixed income, and liquidity assets, and the resulting impact of changes in AUM on our revenues.
A corporate center that delivers strategic value:
Promote revenue growth through strategic marketing of products to institutional clients, supported by retail and quasi-institutional (e.g., 401(k) plans) distribution globally.
Management of expenses.
Allocating capital for diversified growth and returning capital to shareholders as appropriate:
The amount of excess capital we generate, and deployment of that capital through share repurchases, investments in proprietary fund products, dividends and targeted acquisitions.

The following discussion and analysis provides additional information regarding our financial condition and results of operations.

32



Business Environment
While the financial environment in the United States remained uncertain during the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, positive news regarding increased consumer confidence, declines in unemployment, and manufacturing growth gave indications that the economy may be rebounding, albeit at a slow rate. Despite the continuing crisis related to the European sovereign debt, all three major U.S. equity market indices, along with the Barclays Capital Global Aggregate Bond Index and the Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index increased for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, as illustrated in the table below:  
 
 
% Change as of and for the three months ended September 30:
 
% Change as of and for the six months ended September 30:
Indices(1)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Dow Jones Industrial Average
 
4.32
%
 
(12.09
)%
 
1.70
%
 
(11.42
)%
S&P 500
 
5.76
%
 
(14.33
)%
 
2.29
%
 
(14.66
)%
NASDAQ Composite Index
 
6.17
%
 
(12.91
)%
 
0.80
%
 
(13.15
)%
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index
 
1.58
%
 
3.82
 %
 
3.68
%
 
6.20
 %
Barclays Capital Global Aggregate Bond Index
 
3.27
%
 
0.97
 %
 
3.91
%
 
4.10
 %
(1)
Indices are trademarks of Dow Jones & Company, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc., and Barclays Capital, respectively, which are not affiliated with Legg Mason.

During the three months ended September 30, 2012, the Federal Reserve Board held the federal funds rate at 0.25%. We expect economic challenges to persist and cannot predict how these uncertainties will impact our results.

Quarter Ended September 30, 2012, Compared to Quarter Ended September 30, 2011

Assets Under Management

Our AUM is primarily managed across the following asset classes:
Equity
 
Fixed Income
 
Liquidity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ÿ
Large Cap Growth
 
Ÿ
U.S. Intermediate Investment Grade
 
Ÿ
U.S. Managed Cash
Ÿ
Large Cap Value
 
Ÿ
U.S. Government Intermediate
 
Ÿ
U.S. Municipal Cash
Ÿ
Equity Income
 
Ÿ
Global Government
 
 
 
Ÿ
Mid Cap Core
 
Ÿ
U.S. Municipal
 
 
 
Ÿ
Small Cap Core
 
Ÿ
U.S. Long Duration
 
 
 
Ÿ
International Equity
 
Ÿ
Government/Credit
 
 
 
Ÿ
Global Equity
 
Ÿ
Global Fixed Income
 
 
 
Ÿ
Global Emerging Market Equity
 
Ÿ
Global Opportunistic Fixed Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ÿ
U.S. Corporate
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ÿ
U.S. Limited Duration
 
 
 


33



The components of the changes in our AUM (in billions) for the three months ended September 30 were as follows:
 
 
2012
 
2011
Beginning of period
 
$
631.8

 
$
662.5

Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds(1)
 
 

 
 

Subscriptions
 
10.0

 
11.4

Redemptions
 
(10.5
)
 
(14.2
)
Separate account flows, net
 
(8.3
)
 
(12.3
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 
9.0

 
(2.5
)
Net client cash flows
 
0.2

 
(17.6
)
Market performance and other (2)
 
20.7

 
(32.9
)
Dispositions
 
(2.0
)
 
(0.2
)
End of period
 
$
650.7

 
$
611.8

(1)    Subscriptions and redemptions reflect the gross activity in the funds and include assets transferred between funds and between share classes.
(2)    Includes impact of foreign exchange, reinvestment of dividends, and other.

AUM at September 30, 2012, was $650.7 billion, an increase of $18.9 billion, or 3%, from June 30, 2012. The increase in AUM was attributable to market appreciation of $20.7 and net client inflows of $0.2 billion, partially offset by dispositions of $2.0 billion. The dispositions were in liquidity assets, which resulted from the amendment of historical Smith Barney brokerage programs discussed below. The $0.2 billion in net inflows consisted of $9.7 billion of inflows in liquidity assets largely offset by equity and fixed income outflows of $5.7 billion and $3.8 billion, respectively.  Equity outflows were primarily experienced in products managed by Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. (“Batterymarch”), Royce & Associates (“Royce”), and Legg Mason Capital Management, LLC ("LMCM”). Due in part to investment performance issues in some products, we have experienced quarterly outflows in our equity asset class since fiscal 2007, with the exception of the quarter ended June 30, 2010. We generally earn higher fees and profits on equity AUM, and outflows in this asset class will more negatively impact our revenues and Net Income than would outflows in other asset classes. Fixed income outflows, primarily in products managed by Western Asset Management Company ("Western Asset"), included $1.7 billion in outflows from a single, low-fee global sovereign mandate. We expect to continue to experience outflows from this mandate of approximately $500 million to $1 billion per month during the remainder of fiscal 2013. With the exception of the June 2012 and June 2011 quarters, we have experienced quarterly outflows in our fixed income asset class since fiscal 2008.

AUM increased by $38.9 billion, or 6%, compared to September 2011. The AUM increase was attributable to market appreciation of $58.4 billion partially offset by net client outflows of $8.6 billion and dispositions of $10.9 billion. Long-term net outflows from our equity and fixed income asset classes were $19.4 billion and $13.6 billion, respectively. Liquidity net inflows were $24.4 billion. Equity outflows were primarily in products managed at Batterymarch, Royce, LMCM, and ClearBridge Advisors LLC (“ClearBridge”). Fixed income outflows in products managed by Western Asset, which included $9.9 billion in outflows from the single, low-fee global sovereign mandate previously discussed, were offset in part by net inflows in products managed by Brandywine Global Investment Management, LLC (“Brandywine”). Dispositions of $10.9 billion were comprised of $8.1 billion in liquidity assets, transferred in connection with the amendment of historical Smith Barney brokerage programs discussed below, and $2.8 billion as a result of the disposition of a small wealth manager.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2012, Morgan Stanley Wealth Management, formerly Morgan Stanley Smith Barney, amended certain historical Smith Barney brokerage programs providing for investment in liquidity funds that one of our asset managers manage that resulted in a reduction of $4.6 billion in liquidity AUM during the first quarter of fiscal 2013. The final $2 billion in liquidity assets related to this relationship were transferred in July 2012.


34



AUM by Asset Class
AUM by asset class (in billions) as of September 30 was as follows:
 
 
2012
 
% of
Total
 
2011
 
% of
Total
 
%
Change
Equity
 
$
153.4

 
23
%
 
$
144.9

 
24
%
 
6
%
Fixed Income
 
369.4

 
57

 
355.5

 
58

 
4

Liquidity
 
127.9

 
20

 
111.4

 
18

 
15

Total
 
$
650.7

 
100
%
 
$
611.8

 
100
%
 
6
%

The component changes in our AUM by asset class (in billions) for the three months ended September 30 were as follows:

 
 
Equity
 
Fixed
Income
 
Liquidity
 
Total
June 30, 2012
 
$
151.1

 
$
360.6

 
$
120.1

 
$
631.8

Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Subscriptions
 
3.9

 
6.1

 

 
10.0

Redemptions
 
(6.2
)
 
(4.3
)
 

 
(10.5
)
Separate account flows, net
 
(3.4
)
 
(5.6
)
 
0.7

 
(8.3
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 

 
9.0

 
9.0

Net client cash flows
 
(5.7
)
 
(3.8
)
 
9.7

 
0.2

Market performance and other
 
8.0

 
12.6

 
0.1

 
20.7

Dispositions
 

 

 
(2.0
)
 
(2.0
)
September 30, 2012
 
$
153.4

 
$
369.4

 
$
127.9

 
$
650.7


 
 
Equity
 
Fixed
Income
 
Liquidity
 
Total
June 30, 2011
 
$
181.5

 
$
365.4

 
$
115.6

 
$
662.5

Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Subscriptions
 
5.3

 
6.1

 

 
11.4

Redemptions
 
(8.5
)
 
(5.7
)
 

 
(14.2
)
Separate account flows, net
 
(2.5
)
 
(9.2
)
 
(0.6
)
 
(12.3
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 

 
(2.5
)
 
(2.5
)
Net client cash flows
 
(5.7
)
 
(8.8
)
 
(3.1
)
 
(17.6
)
Market performance and other
 
(30.9
)
 
(1.1
)
 
(0.9
)
 
(32.9
)
Dispositions
 

 

 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
September 30, 2011
 
$
144.9

 
$
355.5

 
$
111.4

 
$
611.8



35



The component changes in our AUM by asset class (in billions) for the trailing twelve months ended September 30, were as follows:

 
 
Equity
 
Fixed
Income
 
Liquidity
 
Total
September 30, 2011
 
$
144.9

 
$
355.5

 
$
111.4

 
$
611.8

Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Subscriptions
 
18.2

 
25.5

 

 
43.7

Redemptions
 
(25.6
)
 
(19.2
)
 

 
(44.8
)
Separate account flows, net
 
(12.0
)
 
(19.9
)
 
1.2

 
(30.7
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 

 
23.2

 
23.2

Net client cash flows
 
(19.4
)
 
(13.6
)
 
24.4

 
(8.6
)
Market performance and other
 
29.7

 
28.5

 
0.2

 
58.4

Dispositions
 
(1.8
)
 
(1.0
)
 
(8.1
)
 
(10.9
)
September 30, 2012
 
$
153.4

 
$
369.4

 
$
127.9

 
$
650.7


 
 
Equity
 
Fixed
Income
 
Liquidity
 
Total
September 30, 2010
 
$
169.6

 
$
371.6

 
$
132.3

 
$
673.5

Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Subscriptions
 
25.2

 
24.8

 

 
50.0

Redemptions
 
(29.6
)
 
(22.0
)
 

 
(51.6
)
Separate account flows, net
 
(11.6
)
 
(31.1
)
 
(2.5
)
 
(45.2
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 

 
0.1

 
0.1

Net client cash flows
 
(16.0
)
 
(28.3
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(46.7
)
Market performance and other
 
(5.5
)
 
12.3

 

 
6.8

Dispositions
 
(3.2
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(18.5
)
 
(21.8
)
September 30, 2011
 
$
144.9

 
$
355.5

 
$
111.4

 
$
611.8


Average AUM by asset class (in billions) for the three months ended September 30 was as follows:
 
 
2012
 
% of
Total
 
2011
 
% of
Total
 
%
Change
Equity
 
$
151.3

 
24
%
 
$
166.3

 
26
%
 
(9
)%
Fixed Income
 
365.0

 
57

 
364.7

 
57

 

Liquidity
 
123.1

 
19

 
112.3

 
17

 
10

Total
 
$
639.4

 
100
%
 
$
643.3

 
100
%
 
(1
)%

AUM by Distribution Channel
We have two principal distribution channels, Global Distribution and Other, through which we sell a variety of investment products and services. Global Distribution, which consists of our centralized global distribution operations, principally sells U.S. and international mutual funds and other commingled vehicles, retail separately managed account programs, and sub-advisory accounts for insurance companies and similar clients. Other consists of the distribution operations within our asset managers and principally sells institutional separate accounts and liquidity (money market) funds.


36



The component changes in our AUM by distribution channel (in billions) for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, were as follows:
 
 
Global Distribution
 
Other
 
Total
June 30, 2012
 
$
217.5

 
$
414.3

 
$
631.8

Net client cash flows, excluding liquidity funds
 
2.1

 
(10.9
)
 
(8.8
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 
9.0

 
9.0

Net client cash flows
 
2.1

 
(1.9
)
 
0.2

Market performance and other
 
4.0

 
16.7

 
20.7

Dispositions
 

 
(2.0
)
 
(2.0
)
September 30, 2012
 
$
223.6

 
$
427.1

 
$
650.7


 
 
Global Distribution
 
Other
 
Total
June 30, 2011
 
$
222.9

 
$
439.6

 
$
662.5

Net client cash flows, excluding liquidity funds
 
(1.7
)
 
(13.4
)
 
(15.1
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 
(2.5
)
 
(2.5
)
Net client cash flows
 
(1.7
)
 
(15.9
)
 
(17.6
)
Market performance and other
 
(22.9
)
 
(10.0
)
 
(32.9
)
Dispositions
 

 
(0.2
)
 
(0.2
)
September 30, 2011
 
$
198.3

 
$
413.5

 
$
611.8

For the three months ended September 30, 2012, our overall effective fee rate across all asset classes and distribution channels was 34 basis points.  Fees for managing equity assets are generally higher, averaging approximately 75 basis points, as compared to fees for managing fixed income assets, which average approximately 25 basis points, and liquidity assets, which average under 10 basis points (reflecting the impact of current advisory fee waivers due to the low interest rate environment).   Equity assets are primarily managed by ClearBridge, Royce, Batterymarch, The Permal Group, Ltd. ("Permal") and Brandywine, with fixed income assets primarily managed by Western Asset and Brandywine, and liquidity assets managed by Western Asset. Fee rates for assets distributed through Legg Mason Global Distribution, which are predominately retail in nature, average approximately 50 basis points, while fee rates for assets distributed through the Other channel average approximately 20 basis points.

Investment Performance
Our overall investment performance in the three months ended September 30, 2012, was generally improved compared to relevant benchmarks. While our overall fixed income strategies performance remained strong over all time periods, our equity strategies performance was, similar to many peers, less consistent against benchmarks, particularly in the shorter time periods. Index performance in the discussion below includes reinvestment of dividends and capital gains.

The equity markets ended the quarter on a positive note as markets reacted to positive housing news and the announcement from the U.S. Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank to keep interest rates low and seek to invigorate economic growth. The stronger equity markets during the September 2012 quarter resulted in an increase in all three major U.S. equity market indices, with the most notable being a 6.35% increase in the S&P 500 Index.

In the fixed income markets, economic data suggested that the recovery continued to progress at a subdued rate.  With little improvement in job growth, the Federal Reserve launched a third round of quantitative easing with no explicit end-date.  Investors' preference for higher returns resulted in outperformance versus U.S. Treasury investments for sectors such as High Yield.


37



The worst performing fixed income sector for the quarter ended September 30, 2012 was U.S. Government bonds, as measured by the Barclays U.S. Government Bond Index, returning 0.60%. The best performing fixed income sector for the quarter was high yield as measured by the Barclays High Yield Bond Index, returning 4.53%.

The following table presents a summary of the percentages of our AUM by strategy(1) that outpaced their respective benchmarks as of September 30, 2012 and 2011, for the trailing 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods:
 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
As of September 30, 2011
 
 
1-year

 
3-year

 
5-year

 
10-year

 
1-year

 
3-year

 
5-year

 
10-year

Total (includes liquidity)
 
80
%
 
83
%
 
79
%
 
92
%
 
59
%
 
83
%
 
53
%
 
85
%
Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Large cap
 
70
%
 
65
%
 
78
%
 
88
%
 
39
%
 
72
%
 
64
%
 
77
%
Small cap
 
8
%
 
10
%
 
53
%
 
67
%
 
64
%
 
89
%
 
84
%
 
98
%
Total equity (includes other equity)
 
44
%
 
45
%
 
60
%
 
78
%
 
45
%
 
67
%
 
68
%
 
80
%
Fixed income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. taxable
 
88
%
 
93
%
 
72
%
 
90
%
 
68
%
 
91
%
 
13
%
 
82
%
U.S. tax-exempt
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
98
%
 
1
%
 
%
 
%
 
1
%
Global taxable
 
86
%
 
89
%
 
82
%
 
98
%
 
30
%
 
90
%
 
68
%
 
99
%
Total fixed income
 
88
%
 
92
%
 
78
%
 
94
%
 
50
%
 
84
%
 
31
%
 
81
%

The following table presents a summary of the percentages of our U.S. mutual fund assets(2) that outpaced their Lipper category averages as of September 30, 2012 and 2011, for the trailing 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods:
 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
As of September 30, 2011
 
 
1-year

 
3-year

 
5-year

 
10-year

 
1-year

 
3-year

 
5-year

 
10-year

Total long-term (excludes liquidity)
 
57
%
 
56
%
 
84
%
 
73
%
 
67
%
 
80
%
 
76
%
 
74
%
Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Large cap
 
89
%
 
73
%
 
83
%
 
68
%
 
52
%
 
51
%
 
45
%
 
40
%
Small cap
 
14
%
 
15
%
 
88
%
 
76
%
 
56
%
 
88
%
 
90
%
 
98
%
Total equity (includes other equity)
 
49
%
 
39
%
 
82
%
 
68
%
 
59
%
 
77
%
 
70
%
 
70
%
Fixed income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. taxable
 
76
%
 
90
%
 
84
%
 
87
%
 
85
%
 
90
%
 
84
%
 
80
%
U.S. tax-exempt
 
62
%
 
75
%
 
89
%
 
82
%
 
82
%
 
76
%
 
91
%
 
90
%
Global taxable
 
71
%
 
77
%
 
84
%
 
56
%
 
68
%
 
91
%
 
88
%
 
86
%
Total fixed income
 
70
%
 
82
%
 
86
%
 
82
%
 
82
%
 
85
%
 
87
%
 
85
%
(1)
For purposes of investment performance comparisons, strategies are an aggregation of discretionary portfolios (separate accounts, investment funds, and other products) into a single group that represents that particular investment objective. In the case of separate accounts, the investment performance of the account is based upon the performance of the strategy to which the account has been assigned. Each of our asset managers has its own specific guidelines for including portfolios in their strategies. For those managers which manage both separate accounts and investment funds in the same strategy, the performance comparison for all of the assets is based upon the performance of the separate account.

As of September 30, 2012 and 2011, 90% and 89% of total AUM is included in strategy AUM, respectively, although not all strategies have three-, five-, and ten-year histories.  Total strategy AUM includes liquidity assets. Certain assets are not included in reported performance comparisons. These include: accounts that are not managed in accordance with the guidelines outlined above; accounts in strategies not marketed to potential clients; accounts that have not yet been assigned to a strategy; and certain smaller products at some of our affiliates.

Past performance is not indicative of future results. For AUM included in institutional and retail separate accounts and investment funds included in the same strategy as separate accounts, performance comparisons are based on gross-of-fee performance. For investment funds (including fund-of-hedge funds) which are not managed in a separate account format, performance comparisons are based on net-of-fee performance. These performance comparisons do not reflect the actual performance of any specific separate account or investment fund; individual separate account and investment fund performance may differ.

(2)
Source: Lipper Inc. includes open-end, closed-end, and variable annuity funds. As of September 30, 2012 and 2011, the U.S. long-term mutual fund assets represented in the data accounted for 18% and 16%, respectively, of our total assets under management. The performance of our U.S. long-term mutual fund assets is included in the strategies.

The following table presents a summary of the absolute and relative performance compared to the applicable benchmark

38



for a representative sample of funds within our AUM, net of management and other fees as of the end of each period presented, for the one, three, five, and ten-year periods, and from each fund's inception. The table below includes a representative sample of funds from each significant subclass of our investment strategies (i.e., large cap equity, small cap equity, etc.). The funds within this group are representative of the performance of significant investment strategies we offer, that as of September 30, 2012, constituted an aggregate of approximately $391 billion, or 60%, of our AUM. The only meaningful exclusions are our funds-of-hedge funds strategies, which involve privately placed hedge funds, and represent only 3% of our total assets under management as of September 30, 2012, for which investment performance is not made publicly available. Providing investment returns of funds provides a relevant representation of our performance while avoiding the many complexities relating to factors such as multiple fee structures, bundled pricing, and asset level break points, that would arise in reporting performance for strategies or other product aggregations.
 
 
 
Average Annual Total Return (%) vs. Benchmark
Fund Name/Index
Inception Date
Performance Type(1)
1-year
3-year
5-year
10-year
Inception
Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Large Cap
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LM CBA Aggressive Growth Fund
10/24/1983
Absolute
33.87

15.81

2.08

8.80

11.70

Russell 3000 Growth
 
Relative
4.52

1.12

(1.14
)
0.24

2.30

LM CBA Appreciation Fund
3/10/1970
Absolute
30.39

12.18

2.79

7.95

10.17

S&P 500
 
Relative
0.19

(1.03
)
1.74

(0.06
)
0.05

LM CBA Equity Income Builder
11/6/1992
Absolute
27.30

13.40

1.59

8.83

8.02

Russell 3000 Value
 
Relative
(3.75
)
1.57

2.32

0.55

(1.24
)
LM CBA Fundamental All Cap Value
11/12/1981
Absolute
27.80

7.94

(1.13
)
7.05

9.92

Russell 1000 Value
 
Relative
(3.11
)
(3.90
)
(0.23
)
(1.12
)
(1.67
)
LM CBA Large Cap Growth Fund
8/29/1997
Absolute
30.10

11.26

1.56

7.52

6.08

Russell 1000 Growth
 
Relative
0.92

(3.47
)
(1.68
)
(0.89
)
1.98

LM CM Value Trust
4/16/1982
Absolute
24.75

5.97

(7.94
)
3.29

11.42

S&P 500
 
Relative
(5.45
)
(7.24
)
(8.99
)
(4.72
)
(0.08
)
Legg Mason ClearBridge Large Cap Value Fund
12/31/1988
Absolute
31.47

11.88

0.68

8.58

9.35

Russell 1000 Value
 
Relative
0.55

0.04

1.58

0.42

(0.40
)
Legg Mason BW Diversified Large Cap Value Fund
9/7/2010
Absolute
30.03

n/a

n/a

n/a

16.68

Russell 1000 Value
 
Relative
(0.89
)
n/a

n/a

n/a

3.35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Small Cap
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Royce Pennsylvania Mutual
6/30/1967
Absolute
24.09

10.62

2.13

10.62

9.78

Russell 2000
 
Relative
(7.82
)
(2.37
)
(0.09
)
0.45

n/a

Royce Premier Fund
12/31/1991
Absolute
18.69

11.03

4.42

12.70

11.87

Russell 2000
 
Relative
(13.22
)
(1.96
)
2.21

2.53

2.98

Royce Total Return Fund
12/15/1993
Absolute
24.06

11.83

2.35

9.10

10.66

Russell 2000
 
Relative
(7.85
)
(1.15
)
0.14

(1.07
)
2.75

Royce Low-Priced Stock
12/15/1993
Absolute
11.63

7.26

1.94

10.49

11.69

Russell 2000
 
Relative
(20.28
)
(5.72
)
(0.27
)
0.32

3.78

Royce Special Equity
5/1/1998
Absolute
27.46

11.75

6.52

9.69

9.09

Russell 2000
 
Relative
(4.45
)
(1.23
)
4.30

(0.48
)
3.39


39



 
 
 
Average Annual Total Return (%) vs. Benchmark
Fund Name/Index
Inception Date
Performance Type(1)
1-year
3-year
5-year
10-year
Inception
Fixed Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Taxable
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Asset Core Bond Fund
9/4/1990
Absolute
7.61

9.80

7.18

6.18

7.71

Barclays US Aggregate
 
Relative
2.45

3.61

0.65

0.86

0.67

Western Asset Core Plus Fund
7/8/1998
Absolute
9.27

10.03

8.04

7.19

7.08

Barclays US Aggregate
 
Relative
4.11

3.85

1.51

1.86

1.07

Western Asset Corporate Bond Fund
11/6/1992
Absolute
15.94

11.04

6.32

5.13

7.03

Barclays US Credit
 
Relative
5.85

2.32

(1.57
)
(1.32
)
(0.12
)
Western Asset High Yield Fund
9/28/2001
Absolute
17.99

12.79

7.66

9.73

8.26

Barclays US Corp High Yield
 
Relative
(1.39
)
(0.11
)
(1.68
)
(1.25
)
(1.44
)
Western Asset Inflation Index Plus Bond
3/1/2001
Absolute
8.06

8.83

7.34

6.38

7.13

Barclays US TIPS
 
Relative
(1.05
)
(0.46
)
(0.60
)
(0.25
)
(0.25
)
Western Asset Intermediate Bond Fund
7/1/1994
Absolute
7.14

7.27

6.73

5.84

6.62

Barclays Intermediate Gov't/Credit
 
Relative
2.74

2.10

1.02

1.08

0.61

Western Asset Short Term Bond Fund
11/11/1991
Absolute
3.37

4.68

2.17

2.30

4.09

Citi Treasury Gov't/Credit 1-3 YR
 
Relative
2.00

2.76

(1.12
)
(0.96
)
(0.77
)
Western Asset Total Return Unconstrained
7/6/2006
Absolute
7.80

6.94

5.98

n/a

6.11

Barclays US Aggregate
 
Relative
2.64

0.75

(0.55
)
n/a

(0.42
)
Western Asset Adjustable Rate Income
6/22/1992
Absolute
4.61

4.84

1.21

1.81

3.12

Citi T-Bill 6-Month
 
Relative
4.51

4.68

0.33

(0.07
)
(0.18
)
Western Asset Mortgage Defined Opportunity Fund Inc.
2/24/2010
Absolute
30.62

n/a

n/a

n/a

19.40

BOFAML Floating Rate Home Loan Index
 
Relative
15.82

n/a

n/a

n/a

12.45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Tax-Exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Asset Managed Municipals Fund
3/4/1981
Absolute
11.31

6.60

6.85

5.38

8.35

Barclays Municipal Bond
 
Relative
2.99

0.61

0.79

0.35

0.55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Global Taxable
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LM BW Global Fixed Income
9/30/2003
Absolute
6.10

7.73

6.88

n/a

6.24

Citi World Gov't Bond
 
Relative
2.80

3.43

0.43

n/a

0.35

LM BW Global Opportunities Bond
11/1/2006
Absolute
11.01

10.40

8.67

n/a

8.61

Citi World Gov't Bond
 
Relative
7.72

6.11

2.22

n/a

2.26

Legg Mason Australian Bond Trust
6/30/1983
Absolute
11.18

10.08

8.76

6.92

6.68

UBS Australian Composite Bond Index
 
Relative
1.63

1.44

0.48

0.52

0.54

Legg Mason Core Plus Global Bond Trust
2/28/1995
Absolute
15.04

11.37

7.41

6.40

6.16

Barclays Global Aggregate (AUD Hedged)
 
Relative
4.98

1.76

(2.14
)
(1.33
)
(1.12
)
Western Asset Global Multi Strategy Fund
8/31/2002
Absolute
11.90

6.79

6.10

8.60

8.35

50% Bar. Global Agg./ 5% Bar. HY 2%/25% JPM EMBI +
 
Relative
(0.37
)
(2.00
)
(2.12
)
(0.76
)
(0.85
)
Western Asset Global High Yield Bond Fund
2/22/1995
Absolute
19.32

11.47

6.78

9.19

7.87

Barclays Global High Yield
 
Relative
(1.27
)
(1.02
)
(2.70
)
(3.04
)
(2.04
)
Western Asset Emerging Markets Debt
10/17/1996
Absolute
18.66

11.15

9.71

13.79

11.66

JPM EMBI Global
 
Relative
(1.93
)
(1.12
)
(0.61
)
1.28

1.10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Asset Institutional Cash Reserves Ltd.
12/31/1989
Absolute
0.19

0.20

1.12

2.05

3.80

Citi 3-Month T-Bill
 
Relative
0.14

0.11

0.48

0.32

0.33

(1)
Absolute performance is the actual performance (i.e. rate of return) of the fund. Relative performance is the difference (or variance) between the performance of the fund or strategy and its stated benchmark.
    
Business Model Streamlining Initiative
In May 2010, we announced an initiative to streamline our business model to drive increased profitability and growth that primarily involved transitioning certain shared services to our investment affiliates which are closer to the actual client relationships. The initiative resulted in over $140 million in annual cost savings, substantially all of which are cash savings. These cost savings consist of (i) over $80 million in compensation and benefits cost reductions from eliminating positions in certain corporate shared services functions as a result of transitioning such functions to the affiliates, and charging affiliates for other centralized services that will continue to be provided to them without any corresponding adjustment in revenue

40



sharing or other compensation arrangements; (ii) approximately $50 million in non-compensation costs from eliminating and streamlining activities in our corporate and distribution business units, including savings associated with consolidating office space; and (iii) approximately $10 million from our global distribution group sharing in affiliate revenues from retail assets under management without any corresponding adjustment in revenue sharing or other compensation arrangements.

The initiative involved $127.5 million in transition-related costs that primarily included charges for employee termination benefits and incentives to retain employees during the transition period.  The transition-related costs also included charges for consolidating leased office space, early contract terminations, accelerated depreciation of fixed assets, asset disposals and professional fees. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, transition-related costs totaled $15.1 million and $28.9 million, respectively. All transition-related costs were accrued as of the completion of the initiative on March 31, 2012. Beginning in the three months ended June 30, 2012, we have achieved total annual transition-related savings of over $140 million, when compared to similar expenses prior to the commencement of the streamlining initiative. A portion of the estimated transition-related savings were incremental to the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, and are explained, where applicable, in the results of operations discussion to follow. See Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our business streamlining initiative.

Results of Operations
In accordance with financial accounting standards on consolidation, we consolidate and separately identify certain sponsored investment vehicles, the most significant of which is a collateralized loan obligation entity ("CLO"). The consolidation of these investment vehicles has no impact on Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. and does not have a material impact on our consolidated operating results. We also hold investments in certain consolidated sponsored investment funds and the change in the value of these investments, which is recorded in Other non-operating income (expense), is reflected in our Net Income, net of amounts allocated to noncontrolling interests. See Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for consolidating statements of income and additional information regarding the consolidation of investment vehicles.

Operating Revenues
Total operating revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2012, were $640.3 million, a decrease of 4.4% from $669.9 million in the prior year quarter. This decrease was primarily due to the impact of a reduction in average AUM advisory revenue yields, from 35.3 basis points in the three months ended September 30, 2011, to 33.9 basis points in the three months ended September 30, 2012, along with a slight decrease in average AUM. We calculate average AUM advisory revenue yields as the ratio of annualized investment advisory fees, excluding performance fees, to average AUM. The reduction in average AUM advisory revenue yields was the result of a less favorable average asset mix, with equity assets, which generally earn higher fees than fixed income and liquidity assets, comprising a lower percentage of our total average AUM for the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. Because equity assets generally have higher base management advisory fees, changes in the relative level of these AUM more significantly impact our average AUM advisory revenue yields. Equity AUM tends to experience more volatility compared to other AUM.

Investment advisory fees from separate accounts decreased $12.6 million, or 6.4%, to $183.4 million. Of this decrease, $10.2 million was the result of lower average equity assets managed by Batterymarch, ClearBridge and Legg Mason Global Equities Group ("LMGE"), $3.5 million was due to the divestiture of an affiliate in February 2012, and $1.6 million was the result of lower average fixed income assets at Western Asset.  These decreases were offset in part by an increase of $3.2 million, due to higher average fixed income and equity assets managed by Brandywine.

Investment advisory fees from funds decreased $13.9 million, or 3.7%, to $362.9 million. Of this decrease, $24.7 million was due to lower average assets managed by Permal, and lower average equity assets managed by Royce. These decreases were offset in part by a $9.5 million increase as a result of higher average fixed income assets managed by Western Asset and Brandywine, as well as a $4.8 million increase as a result of higher average equity assets at ClearBridge.

Of our total AUM as of September 30, 2012 and 2011, approximately 5% for each period was in accounts that were eligible to earn performance fees. A majority of performance fees are earned based on 12-month performance periods, with a portion also based on quarterly performance periods. Performance fees are recognized at the end of the measurement period and when the fees are no longer subject to clawback. Performance fees increased 3.0%, or $0.3 million, to $10.3 million, as higher fees earned on assets managed by Brandywine were offset in part by a reduction in fees earned on assets managed by LMGE and Permal.


41



Distribution and service fees decreased $3.9 million, or 4.5%, to $81.9 million, primarily as a result of a decline in average mutual fund AUM subject to distribution and service fees.

Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2012, were $560.6 million, a decrease of 0.4% from $563.0 million in the prior year quarter. Operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2012 incurred at the investment management affiliate level comprised 70% of total operating expenses. The remaining operating expenses are comprised of corporate and distribution costs.

The components of total compensation and benefits for the three months ended September 30 were as follows:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Salaries and incentives
 
$
227.3

 
$
226.9

Benefits and payroll taxes
 
46.3

 
44.7

Transition-related costs
 

 
12.3

Management transition compensation costs
 
4.1

 

Other
 
24.8

 
(13.9
)
Total compensation and benefits
 
$
302.5

 
$
270.0


Total compensation and benefits increased 12.0% to $302.5 million.

Salary and incentive costs increased $0.4 million, due to an increase of $12.4 million, resulting from the impact of investments in select affiliates and market-based compensation increases among retained staff and new hires to support on-going growth initiatives, which were substantially offset by a $6.1 million decrease in incentive-based compensation at investment affiliates resulting from reduced revenues and a $5.9 million decrease in corporate salaries due to headcount reductions resulting from our business streamlining initiative.
Benefits and payroll taxes increased $1.6 million, primarily as a result of an increase in non-cash amortization expense associated with certain deferred compensation awards.
Transition-related costs decreased $12.3 million, due to the completion of our business streamlining initiative in March 2012.
Management transition compensation costs in the current year quarter were primarily associated with our Chief Executive Officer stepping down in September 2012, comprised of $2.0 million of cash severance and $1.8 million of net non-cash accelerated amortization of stock based awards.  Also included in this line item was $0.3 million of non-cash amortization expense related to retention awards granted to certain executives and key employees. 
Other compensation and benefits increased $38.7 million, due to an increase in deferred compensation and revenue-share based incentive obligations resulting from market gains on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments, which were offset by corresponding increases in Other non-operating income (expense).

Compensation as a percentage of operating revenues increased to 47.2% from 40.3% in the prior year quarter, primarily due to the impact of compensation increases related to market gains on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments, as well as the impact of investments in select affiliates. These increases were offset in part by the impact of transition-related compensation recorded in the prior year quarter.

Distribution and servicing expenses decreased 9.5% to $145.1 million, principally driven by a $13.9 million decrease due to a reduction in average AUM in certain products for which we pay fees to third-party distributors.

Communications and technology expense decreased 13.8% to $35.8 million, driven by the impact of $2.6 million in transition-related costs recognized in the prior year quarter, as well as $1.6 million in cost savings as a result of our business streamlining initiative. A $1.1 million decrease in depreciation of technology hardware and software, due to the full depreciation or retirement of assets prior to or during the current year quarter, also contributed to the decrease.


42



Occupancy expense decreased 23.5% to $27.3 million, driven by a $3.6 million net reduction in lease reserves, and cost savings of $2.3 million as a result of our business streamlining initiative.

Amortization of intangibles decreased 36.3% to $3.5 million, primarily due to the full amortization of certain management contracts occurring during fiscal 2012.

Other expenses decreased $3.6 million, or 7.2%, to $46.3 million, due to a $2.5 million reduction in charges for trading errors, and a $1.6 million reduction in advertising, travel and entertainment costs. These decreases were offset by a $1.1 million increase in professional fees.

Non-Operating Income (Expense)
Interest income decreased 42.4% to $1.7 million, driven by a $0.9 million decrease due to lower yields earned on investment balances and a $0.4 million decrease due to lower average investment balances.

Interest expense decreased 34.7% to $14.1 million, primarily due to a $7.3 million net reduction in interest expense as a result of the refinancing of the 2.5% Convertible Senior Notes (the "Notes") in May 2012.

Other non-operating income (expense) increased $64.2 million to income of $28.7 million, as compared to expense of $35.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was primarily due to $38.7 million of net market gains on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments, which are offset by corresponding increases in compensation mentioned above. Net market gains of $21.9 million on corporate investments in proprietary fund products, which are not offset in compensation, also contributed to the increase.

Other non-operating income (expense) of consolidated investment vehicles ("CIVs") decreased $1.6 million to $1.5 million, due to the impact of market gains recognized in the prior year quarter related to a previously consolidated CIV that was redeemed in the quarter ended December 31, 2011, offset in part by net market gains on investments of certain CIVs.

Income Tax Provision (Benefit)
The provision for income taxes was $16.4 million compared to a benefit of $1.6 million in the prior year quarter. In July 2011, The U.K. Finance Act 2011 was enacted, which reduced the main U.K. corporate tax rate from 27% to 26% effective April 1, 2011, and from 26% to 25% effective April 1, 2012. In July 2012, The U.K. Finance Act 2012 ("The Act") was enacted, further reducing the main U.K. corporate tax rate to 24% effective April 1, 2012 and 23% effective April 1, 2013. The impact of the tax rate changes on certain existing deferred tax assets and liabilities resulted in a tax benefit of $18.1 million in the current year quarter. The prior year quarter also included a similar U.K. tax benefit of $18.3 million on the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, but the impact was more substantial relative to the lower level of pre-tax income in that quarter. The effective tax rate was 16.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to an effective benefit rate of 2.9% in the prior year quarter. Changes in the U.K. tax rate impacted the effective tax rate by 18.5 percentage points in the September 2012 quarter and 32.8 percentage points in the September 2011 quarter. The effective tax (benefit) rate was not impacted by CIVs for the three months ended September 30, 2012 or 2011.

Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc., which we refer to as "Net Income", for the three months ended September 30, 2012, totaled $80.8 million, or $0.60 per diluted share, compared to $56.7 million, or $0.39 per diluted share, in the prior year quarter.  This increase was primarily attributable to the impact of transition-related costs recorded in the prior year quarter and increased cost savings in the current year quarter, both in connection with our business streamlining initiative, as previously discussed. The net market gains on corporate investments in proprietary fund products and decrease in interest expense as a result of refinancing our debt in May 2012, as previously discussed, also contributed to the increase. These increases were offset in part by the net impact of decreased operating revenues, as previously discussed. Adjusted Income (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information below) increased to $100.1 million, or $0.75 per diluted share, for the three months ended September 30, 2012, from $87.6 million, or $0.61 per diluted share, in the prior year quarter primarily due to the change in Net Income, as previously discussed. Operating margin decreased to 12.5% from 16.0% in the prior year quarter. Operating Margin, as Adjusted (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information below), for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was 21.2% and 21.3%, respectively.




43



Six Months Ended September 30, 2012, Compared to Six Months Ended September 30, 2011

Assets Under Management
The components of the changes in our AUM (in billions) for the six months ended September 30 were as follows:
 
 
2012
 
2011
Beginning of period
 
$
643.3

 
$
677.6

Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds(1)
 
 

 
 

Subscriptions
 
21.5

 
24.7

Redemptions
 
(21.4
)
 
(27.6
)
Separate account flows, net
 
(12.5
)
 
(17.7
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 
10.0

 
(0.7
)
Net client cash flows
 
(2.4
)
 
(21.3
)
Market performance and other (2)
 
16.4

 
(24.9
)
Dispositions
 
(6.6
)
 
(19.6
)
End of period
 
$
650.7

 
$
611.8

(1)    Subscriptions and redemptions reflect the gross activity in the funds and include assets transferred between funds and between share classes.
(2)    Includes impact of foreign exchange, reinvestment of dividends, and other.

AUM at September 30, 2012, was $650.7 billion, an increase of $7.4 billion, or 1%, from March 31, 2012. The increase in AUM was attributable to market appreciation of $16.4 billion and partially offset by dispositions of $6.6 billion, and net client outflows of $2.4 billion. The dispositions were in liquidity assets, which resulted from the amendment of historical Smith Barney brokerage programs discussed above. The $2.4 billion in net outflows consisted of outflows of equity and fixed income assets of $9.6 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively, partially offset by liquidity inflows of $10.9 billion.  Equity outflows were primarily experienced in products managed by Batterymarch, Royce, and LMCM. Fixed income inflows, primarily in products managed by Brandywine, were more than offset by outflows in fixed income products managed by Western Asset, which included $3.4 billion in outflows from a single, low-fee global sovereign mandate.

The component changes in our AUM by asset class (in billions) for the six months ended September 30, were as follows:
 
 
Equity
 
Fixed
Income
 
Liquidity
 
Total
March 31, 2012
 
$
163.4

 
$
356.1

 
$
123.8

 
$
643.3

Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Subscriptions
 
9.0

 
12.5

 

 
21.5

Redemptions
 
(12.0
)
 
(9.4
)
 

 
(21.4
)
Separate account flows, net
 
(6.6
)
 
(6.8
)
 
1.0

 
(12.4
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 

 
9.9

 
9.9

Net client cash flows
 
(9.6
)
 
(3.7
)
 
10.9

 
(2.4
)
Market performance and other
 
(0.4
)
 
17.0

 
(0.2
)
 
16.4

Dispositions
 

 

 
(6.6
)
 
(6.6
)
September 30, 2012
 
$
153.4

 
$
369.4

 
$
127.9

 
$
650.7



44



 
 
Equity
 
Fixed
Income
 
Liquidity
 
Total
March 31, 2011
 
$
189.6

 
$
356.6

 
$
131.4

 
$
677.6

Investment funds, excluding liquidity funds
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Subscriptions
 
12.5

 
12.2

 

 
24.7

Redemptions
 
(16.7
)
 
(10.9
)
 

 
(27.6
)
Separate account flows, net
 
(7.3
)
 
(10.0
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(17.7
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 

 
(0.7
)
 
(0.7
)
Net client cash flows
 
(11.5
)
 
(8.7
)
 
(1.1
)
 
(21.3
)
Market performance and other
 
(32.1
)
 
7.8

 
(0.6
)
 
(24.9
)
Dispositions
 
(1.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(18.3
)
 
(19.6
)
September 30, 2011
 
$
144.9

 
$
355.5

 
$
111.4

 
$
611.8


Average AUM by asset class (in billions) for the six months ended September 30 was as follows:
 
 
2012
 
% of
Total
 
2011
 
% of
Total
 
%
Change
Equity
 
$
153.5

 
24
%
 
$
176.2

 
27
%
 
(13
)%
Fixed Income
 
361.9

 
57

 
363.6

 
55

 

Liquidity
 
122.8

 
19

 
116.4

 
18

 
5

Total
 
$
638.2

 
100
%
 
$
656.2

 
100
%
 
(3
)%

AUM by Distribution Channel
The component changes in our AUM by distribution channel for the six months ended September 30 were as follows:
 
 
Global Distribution
 
Other(1)
 
Total
March 31, 2012
 
$
220.6

 
$
422.7

 
$
643.3

Net client cash flows, excluding liquidity funds
 
3.4

 
(15.7
)
 
(12.3
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 
9.9

 
9.9

Net client cash flows
 
3.4

 
(5.8
)
 
(2.4
)
Market performance and other
 
(0.4
)
 
16.8

 
16.4

Dispositions
 

 
(6.6
)
 
(6.6
)
September 30, 2012
 
$
223.6

 
$
427.1

 
$
650.7


 
 
Global Distribution
 
Other(1)
 
Total
March 31, 2011
 
$
220.3

 
$
457.3

 
$
677.6

Net client cash flows, excluding liquidity funds
 
0.1

 
(20.7
)
 
(20.6
)
Liquidity fund flows, net
 

 
(0.7
)
 
(0.7
)
Net client cash flows
 
0.1

 
(21.4
)
 
(21.3
)
Market performance and other
 
(22.1
)
 
(2.8
)
 
(24.9
)
Dispositions
 

 
(19.6
)
 
(19.6
)
September 30, 2011
 
$
198.3

 
$
413.5

 
$
611.8

(1) Principally represents affiliate separate accounts and liquidity funds.

Operating Revenues
Total operating revenues for the six months ended September 30, 2012, were $1.3 billion, a decrease of 8.4% from $1.4 billion in the prior year period. This decrease was primarily due to the impact of a reduction in average AUM advisory revenue yields, from 35.8 basis points in the six months ended September 30, 2011, to 33.9 basis points in the six months ended September 30, 2012, as well as a 3% decrease in average AUM. The reduction in advisory revenue yields was the

45



result of a less favorable average asset mix, with equity assets comprising a lower percentage of our total average AUM for the six months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. A $14.3 million decrease in distribution and service fees and a $9.8 million reduction in performance fees also contributed to the decline in operating revenues.

Investment advisory fees from separate accounts decreased $35.0 million, or 8.7%, to $365.9 million. Of this decrease, $26.9 million was the result of lower average equity assets managed by Batterymarch, ClearBridge, LMCM and LMGE, $7.0 million was due to the divestiture of a small affiliate in February 2012, and $3.9 million was the result of lower average fixed income assets at Western Asset.  These decreases were offset in part by an increase of $4.2 million due to higher average fixed income assets managed by Brandywine.

Investment advisory fees from funds decreased $57.6 million, or 7.4%, to $719.4 million. Of this decrease, $75.3 million was due to lower average equity assets managed by Royce, LMCM and LMGE, and lower average assets managed by Permal. These decreases were offset in part by a $17.6 million increase as a result of higher average fixed income assets managed by Western Asset and Brandywine.

Performance fees decreased 34.1%, or $9.8 million, to $18.8 million, primarily as a result of lower fees earned on assets managed at Western Asset, Permal and Royce.

Distribution and service fees decreased $14.3 million, or 8.0%, to $163.5 million, primarily as a result of a decline in average mutual fund AUM subject to distribution and service fees.

Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses for the six months ended September 30, 2012, were $1.1 billion, a decrease of 5.5% from $1.2 billion in the prior year period. Operating expenses for the six months ended September 30, 2012 incurred at the affiliate level comprised 68% of total operating expenses. The remaining operating expenses are comprised of corporate and distribution costs.

The components of total compensation and benefits for the six months ended September 30 were as follows:
 
 
Six months ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
Salaries and incentives
 
$
438.2

 
$
472.6

Benefits and payroll taxes
 
104.3

 
101.5

Transition-related costs
 

 
23.7

Management transition compensation costs
 
4.1

 

Other
 
26.2

 
(16.1
)
Total compensation and benefits
 
$
572.8

 
$
581.7


Total compensation and benefits decreased 1.5% to $572.8 million.

Salaries and incentives decreased $34.4 million, principally due to a $24.6 million decline in incentive-based compensation at investment affiliates, with the impact of reduced revenues at revenue-share based affiliates being offset in part by the impact of investments in select affiliates. A reduction of $16.6 million in corporate salaries, primarily due to headcount reductions resulting from our business streamlining initiative, also contributed to the decrease. These decreases were offset in part by additional salary and incentive costs of $8.1 million, primarily associated with market-based compensation increases among retained staff and new hires to support on-going growth initiatives.
Transition-related costs decreased $23.7 million, due to the completion of our business streamlining initiative in March 2012.
Management transition compensation costs in the current year period were primarily associated with our Chief Executive Officer stepping down in September 2012, comprised of $2.0 million of cash severance and $1.8 million of net non cash accelerated amortization of stock based awards.  Also included in this line item was $0.3 million

46



of non-cash amortization expense related to retention awards granted to certain executives and key employees.
Other compensation and benefits increased by $42.3 million, due to an increase in deferred compensation and revenue-share based incentive obligations resulting from net market gains on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments, which are offset by corresponding increases in Other non-operating income (expense).

Compensation as a percentage of operating revenues increased to 45.1% from 41.9% in the prior year period, primarily due to the impact of compensation increases related to net market gains on assets invested for deferred compensation plans and seed capital investments, as well as the impact of fixed compensation costs of administrative and distribution personnel which do not vary with revenues. The impact of investments in select affiliates also contributed to the increase. These increases were offset in part by the impact of transition-related compensation recorded in the prior year period, as well as the impact of lower corporate compensation costs, principally attributable to our business streamlining initiative.

Distribution and servicing expenses decreased 7.7% to $315.0 million, principally driven by a $33.1 million decrease due to a reduction in average AUM in certain products for which we pay fees to third-party distributors. This decrease was offset in part by an $11.0 million increase in structuring fees related to closed-end fund and real estate investment trust ("REIT") launches.

Communications and technology expense decreased 10.5% to $73.5 million, driven by the impact of $4.7 million in transition-related costs recognized in the prior year period, as well as, $4.4 million in cost savings as a result of our business streamlining initiative.

Occupancy expense decreased 16.5% to $57.6 million, driven by $4.7 million in cost savings as a result of our business streamlining initiative. A $2.6 million net reduction in lease reserves and a $2.4 million reduction in depreciation of furniture and leaseholds, due to an extension in the life of certain leaseholds and the full depreciation or retirement of assets prior to or during the current year period, also contributed to the decrease.

Amortization of intangibles decreased 36.8% to $7.0 million, primarily due to the full amortization of certain management contracts occurring during fiscal 2012.

Other expenses decreased $5.4 million, or 5.7%, to $89.4 million, due to a $3.2 million reduction in charges for trading errors and a $1.6 million reduction in advertising costs.

Non-Operating Income (Expense)
Interest income decreased 39.5% to $3.7 million, driven by a $1.4 million decrease due to lower yields earned on investment balances and a $0.9 million decrease due to lower average investment balances.

Interest expense decreased 24.2% to $33.3 million, primarily due to a $9.7 million net reduction in interest expense as a result of the refinancing of the Notes in May 2012.

Other non-operating expense increased $11.9 million, to $44.0 million, from $32.1 million in the prior year period, primarily as a result of the $69.0 million loss on debt extinguishment recognized in connection with the repurchase of the Notes in May 2012. This loss was offset in part by $42.2 million of net market gains on seed capital investments and assets invested for deferred compensation plans, which are offset by corresponding increases in compensation discussed above, as well as, $9.2 million of net market gains on corporate investments in proprietary fund products, which are not offset in compensation.

Other non-operating income (expense) of CIVs decreased $10.8 million to an expense of $2.6 million, due to the impact of market gains recognized in the prior year period related to a previously consolidated CIV that was redeemed in the quarter ended December 31, 2011.

Income Tax Provision
The provision for income taxes was $11.4 million compared to $26.3 million in the prior year period. The impact of tax rate changes in the Act on certain existing deferred tax assets and liabilities resulted in a tax benefit of $18.1 million in the current year period. The prior year period also included a similar U.K. tax benefit of $18.3 million on the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, but the impact was less substantial relative to the higher level of pre-tax income in that six month period. The effective tax rate was 14.3% for the six months ended September 30, 2012, compared to an effective

47



tax rate of 18.1% in the prior year. Changes in the U.K. tax rate impacted the effective tax rate by 22.7 percentage points in the six months ended September 30, 2012, and 12.6 percentage points in the prior year period. The impact of CIVs increased the effective tax rate by 0.6 percentage points in for the six months ended September 30, 2012, and reduced the effective tax rate by 0.3 percentage points for the six months ended September 30, 2011.

Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
Net Income for the six months ended September 30, 2012, totaled $71.3 million, or $0.52 per diluted share, compared to $116.6 million, or $0.80 per diluted share, in the prior year period.  This decrease was primarily attributable to the $69.0 million pre-tax loss ($44.8 million, or $0.33 per diluted share, net of income tax benefits) on debt extinguishment recognized in connection with the repurchase of the Notes and the net impact of decreased operating revenues, as previously discussed. These decreases were offset in part by the impact of increased cost savings in the current year period and the impact of transition-related costs recorded in the prior year period, both in connection with our business streamlining initiative, as previously discussed. Adjusted Income (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information below) decreased to $188.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2012, from $196.7 million in the prior year period, primarily due to the change in Net Income, as previously discussed, excluding the impact of the loss on debt extinguishment. Despite the decrease in Adjusted Income, Adjusted Income per diluted share increased to $1.38 per diluted share for the six months ended September 30, 2012, from $1.34 per diluted share in the prior year period, due to a reduction in weighted-average shares outstanding as a result of share repurchases. Operating margin decreased to 12.3% from 14.9% in the prior year period. Operating Margin, as Adjusted (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information below), for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was 19.1% and 21.1%, respectively.

Quarter Ended September 30, 2012, Compared to Quarter Ended June 30, 2012

Results of Operations
Net Income for the three months ended September 30, 2012, was $80.8 million, or $0.60 per diluted share, compared to Net Loss Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc., which we refer to as "Net Loss", of $9.5 million, or $0.07 per diluted share, in the three months ended June 30, 2012. Operating revenues increased 1.5% from $630.7 million in the three months ended June 30, 2012, to $640.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2012, due to slightly higher average AUM, an additional day in the quarter, and a $1.7 million increase in performance fees. Average AUM advisory revenue yields remained essentially flat at 33.9 basis points for the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to 34.0 basis points for the three months ended June 30, 2012. Operating expenses increased 1.1%, from $554.6 million in the June quarter to $560.6 million in the September quarter, driven by a $32.2 million increase in compensation and benefits, primarily due to increased net market gains on assets invested for deferred compensation and seed investments, which were offset by corresponding increases in Other non-operating income (expense). An increase in incentive-based compensation due to increased revenues at revenue share-based affiliates also contributed to the increase in compensation and benefits. The increase in compensation and benefits was offset in part by a $24.7 million decrease in distribution and servicing expenses, primarily due to the impact of structuring fees related to closed-end fund and REIT launches recognized in the prior quarter. Excluding the increase in net market gains on assets invested for deferred compensation and seed investments described above, Other non-operating income (expense) increased $88.5 million, to expense of $6.7 million, as compared to expense of $95.2 million in the prior quarter. This decrease in other non-operating expense was primarily due to the $69.0 million loss on debt extinguishment recognized in connection with the repurchase of the Notes in the prior quarter. Net market gains on corporate investments in proprietary fund products which are not offset in compensation, also contributed to the increase.  Adjusted Income (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information below) was $100.1 million or $0.75 per diluted share, for the September 2012 quarter, compared to $88.6 million, or $0.64 per diluted share, in the June 2012 quarter.  Operating margin was 12.5% in the September 2012 quarter compared to 12.1% in the June 2012 quarter.  Operating Margin, as Adjusted (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information below), for the three months ended September 30, 2012, and June 30, 2012, was 21.2% and 16.9%, respectively.

Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information
As supplemental information, we are providing performance measures that are based on methodologies other than generally accepted accounting principles (“non-GAAP”) for "Adjusted Income" and "Operating Margin, as Adjusted" that management uses as benchmarks in evaluating and comparing our period-to-period operating performance.

Adjusted Income
We define “Adjusted Income” as Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc., plus amortization and deferred taxes related to intangible assets and goodwill, imputed interest and tax benefits on contingent convertible debt less deferred

48



income taxes on goodwill and indefinite-life intangible asset impairment, if any. We also adjust for other non-core items that are not reflective of our economic performance, such as the impact of tax rate adjustments on certain deferred tax liabilities related to indefinite-life intangible assets, and loss on extinguishment of contingent convertible debt.
We believe that Adjusted Income provides a useful representation of our operating performance adjusted for non-cash acquisition related items and other items that facilitate comparison of our results to the results of other asset management firms that have not issued/extinguished contingent convertible debt or made significant acquisitions. We also believe that Adjusted Income is an important metric in estimating the value of an asset management business.

Adjusted Income only considers adjustments for certain items that relate to operating performance and comparability, and therefore, is most readily reconcilable to Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. determined under GAAP. This measure is provided in addition to Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc., but is not a substitute for Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. and may not be comparable to non-GAAP performance measures, including measures of adjusted earnings or adjusted income, of other companies. Further, Adjusted Income is not a liquidity measure and should not be used in place of cash flow measures determined under GAAP. We consider Adjusted Income to be useful to investors because it is an important metric in measuring the economic performance of asset management companies, as an indicator of value, and because it facilitates comparison of our operating results with the results of other asset management firms that have not issued/extinguished contingent convertible debt or made significant acquisitions.

In calculating Adjusted Income, we add the impact of the amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions, such as management contracts, to Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. to reflect the fact that these non-cash expenses distort comparisons of our operating results with the results of other asset management firms that have not engaged in significant acquisitions. Deferred taxes on indefinite-life intangible assets and goodwill include actual tax benefits from amortization deductions that are not realized under GAAP absent an impairment charge or the disposition of the related business.  Because we fully expect to realize the economic benefit of the current period tax amortization, we add this benefit to Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. in the calculation of Adjusted Income.  However, because of our net operating loss carry-forward, we will receive the benefit of the current tax amortization over time. Conversely, we subtract the non-cash income tax benefits on goodwill and indefinite-life intangible asset impairment charges and United Kingdom tax rate adjustments on excess book basis on certain acquired indefinite-life intangible assets, if applicable, that have been recognized under GAAP. We also add back non-cash imputed interest and the extinguishment loss on contingent convertible debt adjusted for amounts allocated to the conversion feature, as well as adding the actual tax benefits on the imputed interest that are not realized under GAAP. These adjustments reflect that these items distort comparisons of our operating results to prior periods and the results of other asset management firms that have not engaged in significant acquisitions, including any related impairments, or issued/extinguished contingent convertible debt. 

Should a disposition, impairment charge or other non-core item occur, its impact on Adjusted Income may distort actual changes in the operating performance or value of our firm. Accordingly, we monitor these items and their related impact, including taxes, on Adjusted Income to ensure that appropriate adjustments and explanations accompany such disclosures.

Although depreciation and amortization of fixed assets are non-cash expenses, we do not add these charges in calculating Adjusted Income because these charges are related to assets that will ultimately require replacement.



49



A reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. to Adjusted Income (in thousands except per share amounts) is as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
June 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
 
$
80,797

 
$
(9,458
)
 
$
56,664

Plus (less):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of intangible assets
 
3,504

 
3,505

 
5,504

Loss on extinguishment of 2.5% senior notes
 

 
54,873

 

Deferred income taxes on intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax amortization benefit
 
33,871

 
33,875

 
33,955

U.K. tax rate adjustment
 
(18,075
)
 

 
(18,268
)
Imputed interest on convertible debt (2.5% senior notes)
 

 
5,839

 
9,741

Adjusted Income
 
$
100,097

 
$
88,634

 
$
87,596

Net Income (Loss) per Diluted Share Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. common shareholders
 
$
0.60

 
$
(0.07
)
 
$
0.39

Plus (less):
 
 
 
 
 


Amortization of intangible assets
 
0.03

 
0.03

 
0.04

Loss on extinguishment of 2.5% senior notes
 

 
0.40

 

Deferred income taxes on intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax amortization benefit
 
0.25

 
0.24

 
0.24

U.K. tax rate adjustment
 
(0.13
)
 

 
(0.13
)
Imputed interest on convertible debt (2.5% senior notes)
 

 
0.04

 
0.07

Adjusted Income per Diluted Share
 
$
0.75

 
$
0.64

 
$
0.61


 
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
Net Income Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.
 
$
71,339

 
$
116,616

Plus (less):
 
 
 
 
Amortization of intangible assets
 
7,009

 
11,082

Loss on extinguishment of 2.5% senior notes
 
54,873

 

Deferred income taxes on intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
Tax amortization benefit
 
67,746

 
67,993

U.K. tax rate adjustment
 
(18,075
)
 
(18,268
)
Imputed interest on convertible debt (2.5% senior notes)
 
5,839

 
19,230

Adjusted Income
 
$
188,731

 
$
196,653

Net Income per Diluted Share Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. common shareholders
 
$
0.52

 
$
0.80

Plus (less):
 
 
 
 
Amortization of intangible assets
 
0.05

 
0.07

Loss on extinguishment of 2.5% senior notes
 
0.40

 

Deferred income taxes on intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
Tax amortization benefit
 
0.50

 
0.46

U.K. tax rate adjustment
 
(0.13
)
 
(0.12
)
Imputed interest on convertible debt (2.5% senior notes)
 
0.04

 
0.13

Adjusted Income per Diluted Share
 
$
1.38

 
$
1.34



50



Operating Margin, as Adjusted
We calculate “Operating Margin, as Adjusted,” by dividing (i) Operating Income, adjusted to exclude the impact on compensation expense of gains or losses on investments made to fund deferred compensation plans, the impact on compensation expense of gains or losses on seed capital investments by our affiliates under revenue sharing agreements, transition-related costs of streamlining our business model, income (loss) of consolidated investment vehicles and, impairment charges by (ii) our operating revenues, adjusted to add back net investment advisory fees eliminated upon consolidation of investment vehicles, less distribution and servicing expenses which we use as an approximate measure of revenues that are passed through to third parties, which we refer to as “Operating Revenues, as Adjusted”.  The compensation items, other than transition-related costs, are removed from Operating Income in the calculation because they are offset by an equal amount in Other non-operating income (expense), and thus have no impact on Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.  Transition-related costs and income (loss) of consolidated investment vehicles are removed from Operating Income in the calculation because these items are not reflective of our core asset management operations. We use Operating Revenues, as Adjusted in the calculation to show the operating margin without distribution and servicing expenses, which we use to approximate our distribution revenues that are passed through to third parties as a direct cost of selling our products, although distribution and servicing expenses may include commissions paid in connection with the launching of closed-end funds for which there is no corresponding revenue in the period. Operating Revenues, as Adjusted also includes our advisory revenues we receive from consolidated investment vehicles that are eliminated in consolidation under GAAP. 

We believe that Operating Margin, as Adjusted, is a useful measure of our performance because it provides a measure of our core business activities excluding items that have no impact on Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc. and because it indicates what our operating margin would have been without the distribution revenues that are passed through to third parties as a direct cost of selling our products, transition-related costs, and the impact of the consolidation of certain investment vehicles described above. The consolidation of these investment vehicles does not have an impact on Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Legg Mason, Inc.  This measure is provided in addition to our operating margin calculated under GAAP, but is not a substitute for calculations of margins under GAAP and may not be comparable to non-GAAP performance measures, including measures of adjusted margins of other companies.

The calculation of Operating Margin and Operating Margin, as Adjusted, is as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
June 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
Operating Revenues, GAAP basis
 
$
640,295

 
$
630,692

 
$
669,897

Plus (less):
 
 

 
 
 
 

Operating revenues eliminated upon consolidation of investment vehicles
 
589

 
585

 
625

Distribution and servicing expense excluding consolidated investment vehicles
 
(145,120
)
 
(169,812
)
 
(160,379
)
Operating Revenues, as Adjusted
 
$
495,764

 
$
461,465

 
$
510,143

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Income, GAAP basis
 
$
79,734

 
$
76,077

 
$
106,852

Plus (less):
 
 

 
 
 
 

Gains (losses) on deferred compensation and seed investments
 
24,449

 
1,177

 
(14,243
)
Transition-related costs
 

 

 
15,138

Operating income and expenses of consolidated investment vehicles
 
815

 
677

 
885

Operating Income, as Adjusted
 
$
104,998

 
$
77,931

 
$
108,632

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Margin, GAAP basis
 
12.5
%
 
12.1
%
 
16.0
%
Operating Margin, as Adjusted
 
21.2

 
16.9

 
21.3



51



 
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
Operating Revenues, GAAP basis
 
$
1,270,987

 
$
1,387,005

Plus (less):
 
 

 
 

Operating revenues eliminated upon consolidation of investment vehicles
 
1,174

 
1,677

Distribution and servicing expense excluding consolidated investment vehicles
 
(314,932
)
 
(341,122
)
Operating Revenues, as Adjusted
 
$
957,229

 
$
1,047,560

 
 
 
 
 
Operating Income, GAAP basis
 
$
155,811

 
$
207,218

Plus (less):
 
 

 
 

Gains (losses) on deferred compensation and seed investments
 
25,626

 
(16,609
)
Transition-related costs
 

 
28,858

Operating income and expenses of consolidated investment vehicles
 
1,492

 
2,047

Operating Income, as Adjusted
 
$
182,929

 
$
221,514

 
 
 
 
 
Operating Margin, GAAP basis
 
12.3
%
 
14.9
%
Operating Margin, as Adjusted
 
19.1

 
21.1



Liquidity and Capital Resources
The primary objective of our capital structure is to appropriately support our business strategies and to provide needed liquidity at all times, including maintaining required capital in certain subsidiaries. Liquidity and the access to liquidity is important to the success of our ongoing operations. For a further discussion of our principal liquidity and capital resources policies, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.

The consolidation of variable interest entities discussed above does not impact our liquidity and capital resources. We have no rights to the benefits from, nor do we bear the risks associated with, the assets and liabilities of the CIVs beyond our investments in and investment advisory fees generated from these vehicles, which are eliminated in consolidation. Additionally, creditors of the CIVs have no recourse to our general credit beyond the level of our investment, if any, so we do not consider these liabilities to be our obligations.

Our assets consist primarily of intangible assets, goodwill, cash and cash equivalents, investment securities, and investment advisory and related fee receivables. Our assets have been principally funded by equity capital, long-term debt and the results of our operations. At September 30, 2012, our cash and cash equivalents, total assets, long-term debt and stockholders' equity were $0.9 billion, $7.9 billion, $1.2 billion and $5.5 billion, respectively. Total assets and total liabilities of the CIVs at September 30, 2012, were $348 million and $282 million, respectively.

Cash and cash equivalents are primarily invested in liquid domestic and non-domestic money market funds that hold principally domestic and non-domestic bank time deposits, bank and corporate commercial paper and bonds, and U.S. government and agency securities. We have not recognized any losses on these investments. Our monitoring of cash and cash equivalents mitigates the potential that material risks may be associated with these balances.







52



The following table summarizes our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended September 30 (in millions):
 
 
2012
 
2011
Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities
 
$
(36.9
)
 
$
168.2

Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
 
(12.1
)
 
3.1

Cash Flows Used in Financing Activities
 
(436.5
)
 
(437.9
)
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash
 
1.2

 
(15.7
)
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
(484.3
)
 
(282.3
)
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period
 
1,382.3

 
1,375.9

Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period
 
$
898.0

 
$
1,093.6


Cash outflows used in operating activities during the six months ended September 30, 2012, were $36.9 million, primarily related to annual payments for accrued and deferred compensation and the allocation of extinguished debt repayment, offset in part by Net Income, adjusted for non-cash items, and net sales of trading and other current investments.  Cash outflows used in investing activities during the six months ended September 30, 2012, were $12.1 million, primarily related to payments made for fixed assets offset in part by net activity related to CIVs.  Cash outflows used in financing activities during the six months ended September 30, 2012, were $436.5 million, primarily related to the reduction of short-term debt, the repurchase of 9.7 million shares of our common stock for $245.1 million, and dividends paid of $26.3 million, offset in part by the net proceeds from the repayment and subsequent issuance of long-term debt of $102.4 million.    

Cash inflows provided by operating activities during the six months ended September 30, 2011, were $168.2 million, primarily related to Net Income, adjusted for non-cash items, offset in part by the impact of annual payments for accrued and deferred compensation.  Cash inflows provided by investing activities during the six months ended September 30, 2011, were $3.1 million, primarily related to net activity related to CIVs, offset in part by payments made for fixed assets.  Cash outflows used in financing activities during the three months ended September 30, 2011, were $437.9 million, primarily the repurchase of 13.6 million shares of our common stock for $400.3 million, and dividends paid of $21.0 million.

New Capital Plan
In May 2012, we announced a new capital plan that included refinancing the Notes. The refinancing was effected through the issuance of $650 million of 5.5% senior notes, the net proceeds of which, together with cash on hand and $250 million of remaining borrowing capacity under an existing revolving credit facility, were used to repurchase all $1.25 billion of the Notes. The terms of the repurchase included the repayment of the Notes at par plus accrued interest, a prepayment fee of $6.3 million, and the issuance of warrants to the holders of the Notes. The warrants provide for the purchase, in the aggregate and subject to adjustment, of 14.2 million shares of our common stock, on a net share settled basis, at an exercise price of $88 per share. The warrants expire in June 2017 and can be settled, at our election, in either shares of common stock or cash.

Also pursuant to the new capital plan, in June 2012, we entered into a new unsecured credit agreement which provides for a new undrawn $500 million revolving credit facility and a $500 million term loan. The proceeds of the term loan were used to repay the $500 million of outstanding borrowings under the previous revolving credit facility, which was then terminated.
The new $500 million revolving credit facility may be increased by an aggregate amount up to $250 million, subject to the approval of the lenders, and expires June 2017. This revolving credit facility is available to fund working capital needs and for general corporate purposes. There were no borrowings outstanding under this facility as of September 30, 2012.
The $500 million term loan entered into in conjunction with the unsecured credit agreement noted above can be repaid at any time and will be due in four annual installments of $50 million, beginning in June 2013, with the remainder to be repaid at maturity in June 2017.
The $650 million 5.5% senior notes are due May 2019 and were sold at a discount of $6.8 million.
In connection with the extinguishment of the Notes, the hedge transactions (purchased call options and warrants) executed in connection with the initial issuance of the Notes were also extinguished.

53



The financial covenants under our bank agreements include: maximum net debt to EBITDA ratio of 2.5 to 1 and minimum EBITDA to interest expense ratio of 4.0 to 1. Debt is defined to include all obligations for borrowed money, excluding non-recourse debt of CIVs, and capital leases. Under these net debt covenants, our debt is reduced by the amount of our unrestricted cash in excess of the greater of subsidiary cash or $375 million. EBITDA is defined as consolidated net income plus/minus tax expense (benefit), interest expense, depreciation and amortization, amortization of intangibles, any extraordinary expense or losses, and any non-cash charges, as defined. As of September 30, 2012, our net debt to EBITDA ratio was 1.4 to 1 and EBITDA to interest expense ratio was 12.4 to 1, and, therefore, we have maintained compliance with the applicable covenants.
Also in connection with the new capital plan, our board of directors authorized $1.0 billion for additional purchases of our common stock, $910 million of which remained available as of September 30, 2012, and the completion of the purchase of the then remaining $154.9 million of our common stock previously authorized, which occurred in the quarter ended June 30, 2012. The new capital plan authorizes using up to 65% of cash generated from future operations, beginning in fiscal 2013, to purchase shares of our common stock.
  
Future Outlook
We expect that over the next 12 months cash generated from our operating activities will be adequate to support our operating cash needs. We currently intend to utilize our other available resources for any number of potential activities, including seed capital investments in new products, repurchase of shares of our common stock, repayment of outstanding debt, payment of increased dividends, or acquisitions.

Our business model streamlining initiative that began in May 2010 and was completed in March 2012 resulted in annual cost savings, substantially all of which were cash savings, of over $140 million, which will be fully realized on an annualized basis in the current fiscal year.

As described above, we currently project that our cash flows from operating activities will be sufficient to fund our liquidity needs, and we currently plan to utilize up to 65% of our cash generated from operations to repurchase shares of our common stock, subject to business and market conditions. As of September 30, 2012, we had over $500 million in cash and cash equivalents in excess of our working capital requirements. We do not currently expect to raise additional debt or equity financing over the next 12 months. However, there can be no assurances of these expectations as our projections could prove to be incorrect, events may occur that require additional liquidity, such as an acquisition opportunity or an opportunity to refinance indebtedness, or market conditions might significantly worsen, affecting our results of operations and generation of available cash. If these events result in our operations and available cash being insufficient to fund liquidity needs, we would likely seek to manage our available resources by taking actions such as reducing future share repurchases, additional cost-reductions, reducing our expected expenditures on investments, selling assets (such as investment securities), repatriating earnings from foreign affiliates, or modifying arrangements with our affiliates and/or employees. Should these types of actions prove insufficient, or should a large acquisition or refinancing opportunity arise, we may seek to raise additional equity or debt.

At September 30, 2012, our total cash and cash equivalents of $898 million included $482 million held by foreign subsidiaries.  During the six months ended September 30, 2012, we repatriated approximately $300 million of foreign cash and plan to repatriate another $75 million, in order to make the cash available in the U.S. for general corporate purposes.  We do not anticipate a material incremental tax cost with respect to this repatriation and no further repatriation of accumulated prior period foreign earnings is currently planned.  However, we may repatriate future earnings to the extent required to fund domestic operations and we would provide for and pay additional U.S. taxes in connection with repatriation of these funds.  It is not practical at this time to determine the income tax liability that would result from any further repatriation of accumulated foreign earnings.
 
On October 23, 2012, the Board of Directors approved a regular quarterly cash dividend in the amount of $0.11 per share, payable on January 7, 2013.



54



Contractual Obligations and Contingent Payments
We have contractual obligations to make future payments, principally in connection with our long-term debt, non-cancelable lease agreements, and service agreements. See Notes 6 and 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosures related to our commitments.

The following table sets forth these contractual obligations (in millions) by fiscal year, and excludes contractual obligations of CIVs, as we are not responsible or liable for these obligations:
 
 
Remaining 2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
Thereafter
 
Total
Contractual Obligations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long-term borrowings by contract maturity(1)
 
$
8.4

 
$
50.4

 
$
50.4

 
$
50.0

 
$
50.0

 
$
950.0

 
$
1,159.2

Interest on long-term borrowings and credit facility commitment fees(1)
 
22.8

 
44.8

 
43.9

 
43.1

 
42.2

 
90.8

 
287.6

Minimum rental and service commitments
 
75.2

 
125.9

 
115.9

 
103.7

 
93.8

 
510.7

 
1,025.2

Total Contractual Obligations(2)(3)(4)
 
$
106.4

 
$
221.1

 
$
210.2

 
$
196.8

 
$
186.0

 
$
1,551.5

 
$
2,472.0

(1)
Excludes long-term borrowings of the consolidated CLO of $277.3 million and interest on these long-term borrowings, as applicable.
(2)
The table above does not include approximately $16.9 million in capital commitments to investment partnerships in which Legg Mason is a limited partner. These obligations will be funded, as required, through the end of the commitment periods through fiscal 2018.
(3)
The table above does not include amounts for uncertain tax positions of $70.2 million (net of the federal benefit for state tax liabilities), because the timing of any related cash outflows cannot be reliably estimated.
(4) The table above does not include redeemable noncontrolling interests, primarily related to CIVs, of $21.5 million, because the timing of any related cash outflows cannot be reliably estimated.


Critical Accounting Policies
The following critical accounting policy for goodwill has been updated from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012.

Indefinite-Life Intangible Assets
For intangible assets with lives that are indeterminable or indefinite, fair value is determined from a market participant's perspective based on projected discounted cash flows, taking into account the values market participants would pay in a taxable transaction to acquire the respective assets. We have two primary types of indefinite-life intangible assets: proprietary fund contracts and, to a lesser extent, trade names.

We determine the fair value of our intangible assets based upon discounted projected cash flows, which take into consideration estimates of future fees, profit margins, growth rates, applicable taxes and discount rates. An asset is determined to be impaired if the current implied fair value is less than the recorded carrying value of the asset. The determination of the fair values of our indefinite-life intangible assets is highly dependent on these estimates, and changes in these inputs could result in a material impairment of the related carrying values. If an asset is impaired, the difference between the current implied fair value and the carrying value of the asset reflected on the financial statements is recognized as an expense in the period in which the impairment is determined to exist.

Contracts that are managed and operated as a single unit, such as contracts within the same family of funds, are reviewed in aggregate and are considered interchangeable because investors can transfer between funds with limited restrictions. Similarly, cash flows generated by new funds added to the fund group are included when determining the fair value of the intangible asset.

The domestic mutual fund contracts acquired in the Citigroup Asset Management (“CAM”) transaction of $2,502 million account for approximately 65% of our indefinite-life intangible assets. As of December 31, 2011, approximately $125 billion of AUM are associated with this asset, and are managed primarily by ClearBridge and Western Asset. For our December 31, 2011, annual impairment test, cash flows from the domestic mutual fund contracts were assumed to have annual growth rates that average approximately 7%, and were discounted at a rate of 13%.


55



Projected cash flows are based on annualized cash flows for the applicable contracts projected forward 40 years, assuming annual cash flow growth from estimated net client flows and projected market performance. To estimate the projected cash flows, projected growth rates by affiliate are used to project their assets under management. Cash flow growth rates consider estimates of both AUM flows and market expectations by asset class (equity, fixed income and liquidity) and by investment manager based upon, among other things, historical experience and expectations of future market performance from internal and external sources.

Based on projected AUM by affiliate and asset class, affiliate advisory fee rates are applied to determine projected revenues. The domestic mutual fund contracts projected revenues are applied to a weighted-average margin for the applicable affiliates that manage the AUM. These margins are based on arrangements currently in place at each affiliate. Projected operating income is further reduced by an appropriate tax rate to calculate the projected cash flows. For the first three years, these growth projections come from management's internal planning process. Beyond year three, the estimates migrate towards market statistics, as appropriate for each affiliate and asset class, through year 20. The resulting cash flow growth rate for year 20 is held constant and used to further project cash flows through year 40.

We believe our growth assumptions are reasonable given our consideration of multiple inputs, including the internal and external sources described above, although our assumptions are subject to change based on fluctuations in our actual results and market conditions. Our assumptions are also subject to change due to, among other factors, poor investment performance by one or more of our advisory affiliates, the withdrawal of AUM by clients, changes in business climate, adverse regulatory actions, or loss of key personnel. We consider these risks in the development of our growth assumptions and discount rates, discussed further below. Further, actual cash flows in any one period may vary from the projected cash flows without resulting in an impairment charge because a variance in any one period must be considered in conjunction with other assumptions that impact projected cash flows.

Year-to-date results generally compare slightly favorably to the growth assumptions related to the domestic mutual fund contracts asset impairment testing at December 31, 2011. In the past several years, such actual to projection comparisons are less favorable. However, the ultimate impact of the differences between actual results and our prior projections on Legg Mason's assessments of value for impairment testing is not indicative of a need to reassess our conclusion given that: our discounted projected cash flow analyses include projections well beyond three years and variances in the near years may yield an offset in subsequent years; fair value assessments are point-in-time; and the consistency of a fair value assessment with other indicators of value that reflect expectations of market participants at that point-in-time is critical evidence of the soundness of the estimate of value. In subsequent periods, we consider the differences in actual results from our projections when we assess asset carrying values including our assumptions for impairment testing.

Discount rates are based on appropriately weighted estimated costs of debt and equity capital using a market participant perspective. We estimate the cost of debt based on published debt rates. We estimate the cost of equity capital based on the Capital Asset Pricing Model, which considers the risk-free interest rate, peer-group betas, capital structure, cost of debt, and company and equity risk premiums. The equity risk factor is further adjusted to consider the relative risk associated with each Legg Mason business unit. The discount rates are also calibrated based on an assessment of relevant market values.

Consistent with standard valuation practices for taxable transactions, the projected discounted cash flow analysis also factors in a tax benefit value. This tax benefit represents the discounted tax savings a third party that purchased an asset on a given valuation date would receive from future tax deductions for the amortization of the purchase price over 15 years.

Assuming all other factors remain the same, actual results and changes in assumptions for the domestic mutual fund contracts would have to cause our cash flow projections over the long-term to deviate more than 5% from previous projections or the discount rate would have to be raised to 13.5% for the asset to be deemed impaired.  Given the current uncertainty regarding future market conditions, it is reasonably possible that fund performance, flows and AUM levels may decrease in the near term such that actual cash flows from the domestic mutual fund contracts could deviate from the projections by more than 5% and the asset could be deemed to be impaired by a material amount. The approximate fair values of these assets exceed their carrying values by $124 million.


56



Recent Accounting Developments
See discussion of Recent Accounting Developments in Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Forward-Looking Statements
We have made in this report, and from time to time may otherwise make in our public filings, press releases and statements by our management, “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including information relating to anticipated growth in revenues or earnings per share, anticipated changes in our businesses or in the amount of our client AUM, anticipated future performance of our business, anticipated future investment performance of our subsidiaries, our expected future net client cash flows, anticipated expense levels, changes in expenses, the expected effects of acquisitions and expectations regarding financial market conditions. The words or phrases “can be,” “may be,” “expects,” “may affect,” “may depend,” “believes,” “estimate,” “project,” “anticipate” and similar words and phrases are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various known and unknown risks and uncertainties and we caution readers that any forward-looking information provided by or on behalf of Legg Mason is not a guarantee of future performance.

Actual results may differ materially from those in forward-looking information as a result of various factors, some of which are beyond our control, including but not limited to those discussed elsewhere herein, under the heading “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012 and in our other public filings, press releases and statements by our management. Due to such risks, uncertainties and other factors, we caution each person receiving such forward-looking information not to place undue reliance on such statements. Further, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made, and we undertake no obligations to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.



57



Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
During the three months ended September 30, 2012, there were no material changes to the information contained in Part II, Item 7A of Legg Mason’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures
As of September 30, 2012, Legg Mason's management, including the Interim Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of Legg Mason's disclosure controls and procedures. In evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.  Based on that evaluation, Legg Mason's management, including its Interim Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, concluded that Legg Mason's disclosure controls and procedures were effective on a reasonable assurances basis.  There have been no changes in Legg Mason's internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2012, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Legg Mason's internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A. Risk Factors

During the three months ended September 30, 2012, there were no material changes to the information contained in Part I, Item 1A of Legg Mason's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.

Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table sets out information regarding our purchases of Legg Mason common stock in each month during the quarter ended September 30, 2012:

Period
 
Total number of shares purchased(1)
 
Average price paid per share(2)
 
Total number of shares repurchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs(3)
 
Approximate dollar value that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs(3)
July 1, 2012 through July 31, 2012
 

 
$

 

 
$
1,000,000,000

August 1, 2012 through August 31, 2012
 
2,189,165

 
25.30

 
2,189,165

 
944,605,382

September 1, 2012 through September 30, 2012
 
1,365,407

 
25.36

 
1,364,650

 
910,000,008

Total
 
3,554,572

 
$
25.32

 
3,553,815

 
$
910,000,008

(1)
Includes shares of vesting restricted stock and restricted stock units surrendered to Legg Mason to satisfy related income tax withholding obligations of employees via net share transactions.
(2)
Amounts exclude fees.
(3)
In connection with a new capital plan announced on May 16, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized $1 billion for additional purchases of our common stock. The new capital plan authorizes using up to 65% of cash generated from future operations, beginning with fiscal 2013, to purchase shares of our common stock. There is no expiration date attached to the share repurchase authorization in the new capital plan.



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Item 6. Exhibits
3.1
Articles of Incorporation of Legg Mason (incorporated by reference to Legg Mason's Current Report on Form 8-K for the event on July 26, 2011)
 
 
3.2
By-laws of Legg Mason as amended and restated July 26, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Legg Mason, Inc's Current Report on Form 8-K for the event on July 26, 2011)
 
 
10.1
Separation Agreement, dated September 14, 2012 between Legg Mason, Inc. and Mark R. Fetting *
 
 
12
Computation of consolidated ratios of earnings to fixed charges
 
 
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
 
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
 
32.1
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
32.2
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
101
Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Legg Mason, Inc. for the quarter September 30, 2012, filed on November 6, 2012, formatted in XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements tagged in detail

* This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.





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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

LEGG MASON, INC.

DATE: November 6, 2012                    /s/ Joseph A. Sullivan
Joseph A. Sullivan
Interim Chief Executive Officer


DATE: November 6, 2012                    /s/ Peter H. Nachtwey
Peter H. Nachtwey
Chief Financial Officer and
Senior Executive Vice President



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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
3.1
Articles of Incorporation of Legg Mason (incorporated by reference to Legg Mason's Current Report on Form 8-K for the event on July 26, 2011)
 
 
3.2
By-laws of Legg Mason as amended and restated July 26, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Legg Mason, Inc's Current Report on Form 8-K for the event on July 26, 2011)
 
 
10.1
Separation Agreement, dated September 14, 2012 between Legg Mason, Inc. and Mark R. Fetting *
 
 
12
Computation of consolidated ratios of earnings to fixed charges
 
 
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
 
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
 
32.1
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
32.2
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
101
Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Legg Mason, Inc. for the quarter September 30, 2012, filed on November 6, 2012, formatted in XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements tagged in detail

* This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.







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