UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016

OR

For the transition period from ___________to ______________

Commission file number: 001-37534

 

PLANET FITNESS, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

 

26 Fox Run Road, Newington, NH 03801

(Address of Principal Executive Offices and Zip Code)

(603) 750-0001

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x     No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x     No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  o    No  x

As of May 4, 2016 there were 36,597,985 shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding and 61,970,964 shares of the Registrant’s Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.

 

 

 

 

 

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PLANET FITNESS, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  

 

 

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as information included in oral statements or other written statements made or to be made by us, contain statements that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, and other future conditions. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “envision,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “potential,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “contemplate” and other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding:

We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. Important factors that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:

The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q represent our views as of the date of this Report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

 

 

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PART I-FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Condensed consolidated balance sheets

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts) 

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Condensed consolidated statements of operations

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss)

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Condensed consolidated statements of cash flows

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands) 

 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

 

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

 

(1) Business organization

Planet Fitness, Inc. (the “Company”), through its subsidiaries, is a franchisor and operator of fitness centers, with more than 8.3 million members and 1,171 owned and franchised locations (referred to as stores) in 47 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Canada and the Dominican Republic as of March 31, 2016.

The Company serves as the reporting entity for its various subsidiaries that operate three distinct lines of business:

The Company was formed as a Delaware corporation on March 16, 2015 for the purpose of facilitating an initial public offering (the “IPO”) which was completed on August 11, 2015 and related transactions in order to carry on the business of Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC and its subsidiaries (“Pla-Fit Holdings”). As of August 5, 2015, in connection with the recapitalization transactions that occurred prior to the IPO, the Company became the sole managing member and holder of 100% of the voting power of Pla-Fit Holdings and 37.1% of the economic interest. Pla-Fit Holdings owns 100% of Planet Intermediate, LLC which has no operations but is the 100% owner of Planet Fitness Holdings, LLC, a franchisor and operator of fitness centers. With respect to the Company, Pla-Fit Holdings and Planet Intermediate, LLC, each entity owns nothing other than the respective entity below it in the corporate structure and each entity has no other material operations.

Subsequent to the IPO and the related recapitalization transactions, the Company is a holding company whose principal asset is a controlling equity interest in Pla-Fit Holdings. As the sole managing member of Pla-Fit Holdings, the Company operates and controls all of the business and affairs of Pla-Fit Holdings, and through Pla-Fit Holdings, conducts its business. As a result, the Company consolidates Pla-Fit Holdings’ financial results and reports a non-controlling interest related to the portion of limited liability company units of Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC (“Holdings Units”) not owned by the Company. As of March 31, 2016, the Company owned 100% of the voting interest, and 37.1% of the economic interest of Pla-Fit Holdings. As future exchanges of Holdings Units occur, the economic interest in Pla-Fit Holdings held by Planet Fitness, Inc. will increase.

The recapitalization transactions are considered transactions between entities under common control.  As a result, the financial statements for periods prior to the IPO and the recapitalization transactions are the financial statements of Pla-Fit Holdings as the predecessor to the Company for accounting and reporting purposes. Unless otherwise specified, “the Company” refers to both Planet Fitness, Inc. and Pla-Fit Holdings throughout the remainder of these notes.

 

 

(2) Summary of significant accounting policies

(a) Basis of presentation and consolidation

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the periods presented have been reflected. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2016 are unaudited. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (the “Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on March 4, 2016. Operating results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.

As discussed in Note 1, as a result of the recapitalization transactions, Planet Fitness, Inc. consolidates Pla-Fit Holdings and Pla-Fit Holdings is considered to be the predecessor to Planet Fitness, Inc. for accounting and reporting purposes. The Company also consolidates entities in which it has a controlling financial interest, the usual condition of which is ownership of a majority voting interest. The Company also considers for

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

consolidation certain interests where the controlling financial interest may be achieved through arrangements that do not involve voting interests. Such an entity, known as a variable interest entity (“VIE”), is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is considered to possess the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance and has the obligation to absorb losses or the rights to receive benefits from the VIE that are significant to it. The principal entities in which the Company possesses a variable interest include franchise entities and certain other entities. The Company is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary for Planet Fitness franchise entities. Therefore, these entities are not consolidated.

The results of the Company have been consolidated with Matthew Michael Realty LLC (“MMR”) and PF Melville LLC (“PF Melville”) based on the determination that the Company is the primary beneficiary with respect to these VIEs. These entities are real estate holding companies that derive a majority of their financial support from the Company through lease agreements for corporate stores. See Note 3 for further information related to the Company’s VIEs.

(b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on management’s knowledge of current events and actions it may undertake in the future, they may ultimately differ from actual results. Significant areas where estimates and judgments are relied upon by management in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, valuation of assets and liabilities in connection with acquisitions, valuation of equity-based compensation awards, the evaluation of the recoverability of goodwill and long-lived assets, including intangible assets, income taxes, including deferred tax assets and liabilities and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits, and the liability for the Company’s tax benefit arrangements.

(c) Fair Value

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1—Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2—Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3—Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The table below presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

 

 

(d) Recent accounting pronouncements

The FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, in September 2014. This guidance requires that an entity recognize revenue to depict the transfer of a promised good or service to its customers in an amount that reflects consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for such transfer. This guidance also specifies accounting for certain costs incurred by an entity to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer and provides for enhancements to revenue specific disclosures intended to allow users of the

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

financial statements to clearly understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from an entity’s contracts with its customers. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017 for public companies. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, which further clarifies the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations contained in ASU 2014-09. This guidance is to be applied either retrospectively or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.

The FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, Income Statement—Consolidation, in February 2015. This guidance affects reporting entities that are required to evaluate whether they should consolidate certain legal entities. Specifically, the guidance 1) modifies the evaluation of whether limited partnerships and similar legal entities are variable interest entities or voting interest entities, 2) eliminates the presumption that a general partner should consolidate a limited partnership, 3) affects the consolidation analysis of reporting entities that are involved with VIEs, particularly those that have fee arrangements and related party relationships, and 4) provides a scope exception from consolidation guidance for reporting entities with interests in legal entities that are required to comply with or operate in accordance with requirements that are similar to those in Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 for registered money market funds. The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company adopted ASU No. 2015-02 as of January 1, 2016, noting no material impact to the consolidated financial statements.

The FASB issued ASU No. 2015-05: Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software: Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement, in April 2015. The amendments in this update provide guidance to customers about whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, the update specifies that the customer should account for the software license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses. The update further specifies that the customer should account for a cloud computing arrangement as a service contract if the arrangement does not include a software license. The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company adopted ASU No. 2015-05 as of January 1, 2016 on a prospective basis, noting no material impact to the consolidated financial statements.

The FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, in February 2016. This guidance is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years for public companies. Early application of the amendments in this update is permitted for all entities. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that implementation of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.

The FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Stock Compensation, in March 2016. This guidance is intended to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that year. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of the standard on its consolidated financial statements.

 

(3) Variable interest entities

The carrying values of VIEs included in the consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are as follows:

 

 

The Company also has variable interests in certain franchisees mainly through the guarantee of certain debt and lease agreements as well as financing provided by the Company and by certain related parties to franchisees. The Company’s maximum obligation, as a result of its guarantees of leases and debt, is approximately $1,730 and $1,871 as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

The amount of the Company’s maximum obligation represents a loss that the Company could incur from the variability in credit exposure without consideration of possible recoveries through insurance or other means. In addition, the amount bears no relation to the ultimate settlement anticipated to be incurred from the Company’s involvement with these entities, which is estimated at $0.

 

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

     

(4) Goodwill and intangible assets

A summary of goodwill and intangible assets at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 is as follows:

 

 

 

The Company determined that no impairment charges were required during any periods presented.

 

Amortization expense related to the intangible assets totaled $4,940 and $5,383 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Included within these total amortization expense amounts are $99 and $113 related to amortization of favorable and unfavorable leases for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Amortization of favorable and unfavorable leases is recorded within store operations as a component of rent expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The anticipated annual amortization expense to be recognized in future years as of March 31, 2016 is as follows:

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

 

(5) Long-term debt

Long-term debt as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 consists of the following:

 

 

Future annual principal payments of long-term debt as of March 31, 2016 are as follows:

 

 

 

(6) Derivative instruments and hedging activities

The Company utilizes interest-rate-related derivative instruments to manage its exposure related to changes in interest rates on its variable-rate debt instruments. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for any purpose other than cash flow hedging. The Company does not speculate using derivative instruments.

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

By using derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates, the Company exposes itself to credit risk and market risk. Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of a derivative contract is an asset, the counterparty owes the Company, which creates credit risk for the Company. When the fair value of a derivative contract is a liability, the Company owes the counterparty and, therefore, the Company is not exposed to the counterparty’s credit risk in those circumstances. The Company minimizes counterparty credit risk in derivative instruments by entering into transactions with high-quality counterparties whose credit rating is higher than A1/A+ at the inception of the derivative transaction. The derivative instruments entered into by the Company do not contain credit-risk-related contingent features.

Market risk is the adverse effect on the value of a derivative instrument that results from a change in interest rates. The market risk associated with interest-rate contracts is managed by establishing and monitoring parameters that limit the types and degree of market risk that may be undertaken.

The Company assesses interest rate risk by continually identifying and monitoring changes in interest rate exposures that may adversely impact expected future cash flows and by evaluating hedging opportunities. The Company monitors interest rate risk attributable to both the Company’s outstanding or forecasted debt obligations as well as the Company’s offsetting hedge positions.

In September 2014 and September 2015, the Company entered into a series of interest rate caps. As of March 31, 2016, the Company had interest rate cap agreements with notional amounts of $224,000 outstanding that were entered into in order to hedge LIBOR greater than 1.5%.

The interest rate cap balances of $376 and $1,147 were recorded within other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. These amounts have been measured at fair value and are considered to be a Level 2 fair value measurement. The Company recorded a reduction to the value of its interest rate caps of $583, net of tax of $113, within other comprehensive loss during the three months ended March 31, 2016.

As of March 31, 2016, the Company does not expect to reclassify any amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings during the next 12 months. Transactions and events expected to occur over the next 12 months that will necessitate reclassifying these derivatives’ loss to earnings include the re-pricing of variable-rate debt.

 

(7) Related party transactions

Amounts due from related parties consist of:

 

 

Amounts due from stockholders/members as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 relate to reimbursements for certain taxes owed or paid by the Company.

 

Activity with entities considered to be related parties is summarized below:

 

 

The Company paid management fees to TSG Consumer Partners, LLC (“TSG”) totaling $0 and $265 during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. In connection with the IPO, the management agreement with TSG was terminated.

 

 

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

(8) Stockholder’s equity

The recapitalization transactions

We refer to the Merger, Reclassification and entry into the Exchange agreement, each as described below, as the “recapitalization transactions.” The Merger was effected pursuant to a merger agreement by and among the Company and Planet Fitness Holdings, L.P. (a predecessor entity to the Company that held indirect interests in Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC) and the recapitalization transactions were effected pursuant to a recapitalization agreement by and among the Company, Pla-Fit Holdings, existing holders (“Continuing LLC Owners”) of Holdings Units, and holders of Class A common stock issued to holders of interests in Planet Fitness Holdings L.P. (“Direct TSG Investors”).

Merger

Prior to the Merger, the Direct TSG Investors held interests in Planet Fitness Holdings, L.P. Planet Fitness Holdings, L.P. was formed in October 2014 and had no material assets, liabilities or operations, other than as a holding company owning indirect interests in Pla-Fit Holdings. The Direct TSG Investors consist of investment funds affiliated with TSG. Pursuant to a merger agreement dated June 22, 2015, Planet Fitness Holdings, L.P. merged with and into the Company, and the interests in Planet Fitness Holdings, L.P. held by the Direct TSG Investors were converted into 26,106,930 shares of Class A common stock of the Company. We refer to this as the “Merger.” All shares of Class A common stock have both voting and economic rights in Planet Fitness, Inc.

The Merger was effected on August 5, 2015, prior to the time our Class A common stock was registered under the Exchange Act and prior to the completion of the IPO.

Reclassification

The equity interests of Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC previously consisted of three different classes of limited liability company units (Class M, Class T and Class O). Prior to the completion of the IPO, the limited liability company agreement of Pla-Fit Holdings was amended and restated to, among other things, modify its capital structure to create a single new class of units, the Holdings Units. We refer to this capital structure modification as the “Reclassification.”

The Direct TSG Investors’ indirect interest in Pla-Fit Holdings was held through Planet Fitness Holdings, L.P. As a result, following the Merger, the Direct TSG Investors’ indirect interests in Pla-Fit Holdings are held through the Company. Therefore, the Holdings Units received in the Reclassification were allocated to: (1) the Continuing LLC Owners based on their existing interests in Pla-Fit Holdings; and (2) the Company to the extent of the Direct TSG Investors’ indirect interest in Pla-Fit Holdings. The number of Holdings Units allocated to the Company in the Reclassification was equal to the number of shares of Class A common stock that the Direct TSG Investors received in the Merger (on a one-for-one basis).

The Reclassification was effected on August 5, 2015, prior to the time our Class A common stock was registered under the Exchange Act and prior to the completion of the IPO.

Following the Merger and the Reclassification, the Company issued to Continuing LLC Owners 72,602,810 shares of Class B common stock, one share of Class B common stock for each Holdings Unit they held. The shares of Class B common stock have no rights to dividends or distributions, whether in cash or stock, but entitle the holder to one vote per share on matters presented to stockholders of the Company. The Continuing LLC Owners consist of investment funds affiliated with TSG and certain current and former employees and directors.

Pursuant to the LLC agreement that went into effect at the time of the Reclassification (“New LLC Agreement”), the Company was designated as the sole managing member of Pla-Fit Holdings. Accordingly, the Company has the right to determine when distributions will be made by Pla-Fit Holdings to its members and the amount of any such distributions (subject to the requirements with respect to the tax distributions described below). If the Company authorizes a distribution by Pla-Fit Holdings, the distribution will be made to the members of Pla-Fit Holdings, including the Company, pro rata in accordance with the percentages of their respective Holdings Units.

The holders of Holdings Units will incur U.S. federal, state and local income taxes on their allocable share of any taxable income of Pla-Fit Holdings (as calculated pursuant to the New LLC Agreement). Net profits and net losses of Pla-Fit Holdings will generally be allocated to its members pursuant to the New LLC Agreement pro rata in accordance with the percentages of their respective Holdings Units. The New LLC Agreement provides for cash distributions to the holders of Holdings Units for purposes of funding their tax obligations in respect of the income of Pla-Fit Holdings that is allocated to them, to the extent other distributions from Pla-Fit Holdings for the relevant year have been insufficient to cover such liability. Generally, these tax distributions are computed based on the estimated taxable income of Pla-Fit Holdings allocable to the holders of Holdings Units multiplied by an assumed, combined tax rate equal to the maximum rate applicable to an individual

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

or corporation resident in San Francisco, California (taking into account the non-deductibility of certain expenses and the character of the Company’s income).

Exchange agreement

Following the Merger and the Reclassification, the Company and the Continuing LLC Owners entered into an exchange agreement under which the Continuing LLC Owners (or certain permitted transferees thereof) have the right, from time to time and subject to the terms of the exchange agreement, to exchange their Holdings Units, along with a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock, for shares of Class A common stock (or cash at the option of the Company) on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends, reclassifications and similar transactions. As a Continuing LLC Owner exchanges Holdings Units, along with a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock, for shares of Class A common stock, the number of Holdings Units held by the Company will be correspondingly increased as it acquires the exchanged Holdings Units and cancels a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock.

Offering transactions

In connection with the completion of the IPO on August 11, 2015, in order to facilitate the disposition of equity interests in Pla-Fit Holdings held by Continuing LLC Owners affiliated with TSG, the Company used the net proceeds received to purchase issued and outstanding Holdings Units from these Continuing LLC Owners that they received in the Reclassification. In connection with the IPO, the Company purchased 10,491,055 issued and outstanding Holdings Units from these Continuing LLC Owners for an aggregate of $156,946. This is in addition to the 26,106,930 Holdings Units that the Company acquired in the Reclassification on a one-for-one basis in relation to the number of shares of Class A common stock issued to the Direct TSG Investors in the Merger. Accordingly, following the IPO, the Company holds 36,597,985 Holdings Units, which is equal to the number of shares of Class A common stock that were issued to the Direct TSG Investors and investors in the IPO. The Direct TSG Investors, who did not receive Holdings Units in the Reclassification but received shares of Class A common stock in the Merger, sold 5,033,945 shares of Class A common stock in the IPO as selling stockholders.   

As a result of the recapitalization transactions and the offering transactions, upon completion of the IPO:

                           

 

(9) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the same period. Diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive securities. There were no shares of Class A or Class B common stock outstanding prior to August 6, 2015, therefore no earnings per share information has been presented for the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Shares of the Company’s Class B common stock do not share in the earnings or losses attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc. and are therefore not participating securities. As such, separate presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share of Class B common stock under the two-class method has not been presented. Shares of the Company’s Class B common stock are, however, considered potentially dilutive shares of Class A common stock because shares of Class B common stock, together with the related Holdings Units, are exchangeable into shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis.

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

The following table sets forth reconciliations used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock:

 

 

Class B common stock was evaluated under the if-converted method for potential dilutive effects and were determined to be anti-dilutive. Stock options in the amount of 134,870 and 8,160 restricted stock units were evaluated under the treasury stock method for potential dilutive effects and were determined to be anti-dilutive.

 

(10) Income taxes

As a result of the recapitalization transactions, the Company became the sole managing member of Pla-Fit Holdings, which is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes. As a partnership, Pla-Fit Holdings is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by Pla-Fit Holdings is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including the Company following the recapitalization transactions, on a pro rata basis. Planet Fitness Inc. is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income of Pla-Fit Holdings following the recapitalization transactions. The Company is also subject to taxes in foreign jurisdictions.

The Company incurs U.S. federal and state income taxes on its 37.1% share of income flowed through from Pla-Fit Holdings. Our effective tax rate on such income was approximately 39.4%. The provision for income taxes also reflects an effective state tax rate of 2.5% applied to non-controlling interests, representing the remaining 62.9% of income before taxes, excluding income from variable interest entities, related to Pla-Fit Holdings.

Net deferred tax assets of $115,523 and $117,358 as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, relate primarily to the tax effects of temporary differences in the book basis as compared to the tax basis of our investment in Pla-Fit Holdings as a result of the recapitalization transactions and IPO. The Company has net operating loss carryforwards related to its Canada operations of approximately $2,411, which begin to expire in 2034. It is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the deferred tax assets.

As of March 31, 2016, the total liability related to uncertain tax positions is $300. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties, if applicable, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Interest and penalties for the three months ended March 31, 2016 were not material.

Tax benefit arrangements

The Company’s acquisition of Holdings Units in connection with the IPO and future and certain past exchanges of Holdings Units for shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (or cash at the option of the Company) are expected to produce and have produced favorable tax attributes. In connection with the IPO, the Company entered into two tax receivable agreements. Under the first of those agreements, the Company generally is required to pay to the Continuing LLC Owners 85% of the applicable tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal and state income tax that the Company is deemed to realize as a result of certain tax attributes of their Holdings Units sold to the Company (or exchanged in a taxable sale) and that are created as a result of (i) the sales of their Holdings Units for shares of Class A common stock and (ii) tax benefits attributable to payments made under the tax receivable agreement (including imputed interest). Under the second tax receivable agreement, the Company generally is required to pay to the Direct TSG Investors 85% of the amount of tax savings, if any, that the Company is deemed to realize as a result of the tax attributes of the Holdings Units held in respect of the Direct TSG Investors’ interest in the Company, which resulted from the Direct TSG Investors’ purchase of interests in Pla-Fit Holdings in 2012, and certain other tax benefits. Under both

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

agreements, the Company generally retains the benefit of the remaining 15% of the applicable tax savings. Also, pursuant to the exchange agreement (see Note 8), to the extent an exchange results in Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC incurring a current tax liability relating to the New Hampshire business profits tax, the Continuing LLC Owners have agreed that they will contribute to Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC an amount sufficient to pay such tax liability (up to 3.5% of the value received upon exchange). If and when the Company subsequently realizes a related tax benefit, Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC will distribute the amount of any such tax benefit to the relevant Continuing LLC Owner in respect of its contribution. As of March 31, 2016, the Company has a liability of $138,078 related to its projected obligations under the tax benefit arrangements. Projected future payments under the tax benefit arrangements are as follows:

 

 

(11) Commitments and contingencies

 

From time to time, and in the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to various claims, charges, and litigation, such as employment-related claims and slip and fall cases. The Company is not currently aware of any legal proceedings or claims that the Company believes will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or result of operations.        

 

(12) Segments

The Company has three reportable segments: (i) Franchise; (ii) Corporate-owned stores; and (iii) Equipment.  

The Company’s operations are organized and managed by type of products and services and segment information is reported accordingly. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”) is its Chief Executive Officer. The CODM reviews financial performance and allocates resources by reportable segment. There have been no operating segments aggregated to arrive at the Company’s reportable segments.

The Franchise segment includes operations related to the Company’s franchising business in the United States, Puerto Rico, Canada and the Dominican Republic. The Corporate-owned stores segment includes operations with respect to all Corporate-owned stores throughout the United States and Canada. The Equipment segment includes the sale of equipment to franchisee-owned stores.

The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 2. The Company evaluates the performance of its segments and allocates resources to them based on revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, referred to as Segment EBITDA. Revenues for all operating segments include only transactions with unaffiliated customers and include no intersegment revenues.

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

The tables below summarize the financial information for the Company’s reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. The “Corporate and other” category, as it relates to Segment EBITDA, primarily includes corporate overhead costs, such as payroll and related benefit costs and professional services which are not directly attributable to any individual segment.

 

 

Franchise segment revenue includes franchise revenue and commission income.

Franchise revenue includes revenue generated from placement services of $2,075 and $1,974 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

 

 

The following table reconciles total Segment EBITDA to income before taxes:

 

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s assets by reportable segment:

 

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Planet Fitness, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 

 

The table above includes $3,239 and $3,149 of long-lived assets located in the Company’s corporate-owned stores in Canada as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. All other assets are located in the U.S.

The following table summarizes the Company’s goodwill by reportable segment:

 

 

 

(13) Corporate-owned and franchisee-owned stores

The following table shows changes in our corporate-owned and franchisee-owned stores for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:

 

 

 

(14) Subsequent events

 

On May 10, 2016 the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized a stock buyback program to repurchase up to $20,000 of the Company's Class A common shares from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing and amount of any shares that may be repurchased will be determined by the Company's management based on its evaluation of market conditions, such as current stock price, and other factors. The Company may elect to implement a 10b5-1 repurchase program, which would permit shares to be repurchased when the Company might otherwise be precluded from doing so under insider trading laws. The buyback program does not have a fixed expiration date but may be suspended or discontinued at any time. The buyback program will be funded using the Company's existing working capital.

 

 

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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this report to the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the recapitalization transactions and to Planet Fitness, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries following the recapitalization transactions.

Overview

We are one of the largest and fastest-growing franchisors and operators of fitness centers in the United States by number of members and locations, with a highly recognized national brand. Our mission is to enhance people’s lives by providing a high-quality fitness experience in a welcoming, non-intimidating environment, which we call the Judgement Free Zone, where anyone—and we mean anyone—can feel they belong. Our bright, clean stores are typically 20,000 square feet, with a large selection of high-quality, purple and yellow Planet Fitness-branded cardio, circuit- and weight-training equipment and friendly staff trainers who offer unlimited free fitness instruction to all our members in small groups through our PE@PF program. We offer this differentiated fitness experience at only $10 per month for our standard membership. This exceptional value proposition is designed to appeal to a broad population, including occasional gym users and the approximately 80% of the U.S. and Canadian populations over age 14 who are not gym members, particularly those who find the traditional fitness club setting intimidating and expensive. We and our franchisees fiercely protect Planet Fitness’ community atmosphere—a place where you do not need to be fit before joining and where progress toward achieving your fitness goals (big or small) is supported and applauded by our staff and fellow members.

As of March 31, 2016, we had more than 8.3 million members and 1,171 stores in 47 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Canada and the Dominican Republic. Of our 1,171 stores, 1,113 are franchised and 58 are corporate-owned. As of March 31, 2016, we had commitments to open more than 1,000 new stores under existing ADAs.

Our segments

We operate and manage our business in three business segments: Franchise, Corporate-owned stores and Equipment. Our Franchise segment includes operations related to our franchising business in the United States, Puerto Rico, Canada and the Dominican Republic. Our Corporate-owned stores segment includes operations with respect to all corporate-owned stores throughout the United States and Canada. The Equipment segment includes the sale of equipment to our U.S. franchisee-owned stores. We evaluate the performance of our segments and allocate resources to them based on revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, referred to as Segment EBITDA. Revenue and Segment EBITDA for all operating segments include only transactions with unaffiliated customers and do not include intersegment transactions. The tables below summarize the financial information for our segments for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. “Corporate and other,” as it relates to Segment EBITDA, primarily includes corporate overhead costs, such as payroll and related benefit costs and professional services that are not directly attributable to any individual segment.

 

 

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 A reconciliation of income from operations to Segment EBITDA is set forth below:

 

 

How we assess the performance of our business

In assessing the performance of our business, we consider a variety of performance and financial measures. The key measures for determining how our business is performing include the number of new store openings, same store sales for both corporate-owned and franchisee-owned stores, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Segment EBITDA, pro forma adjusted net income, and pro forma adjusted net income per diluted share. See “—Non-GAAP financial measures” below for our definition of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, pro forma adjusted net income, and pro forma adjusted net income per diluted share and why we present EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, pro forma adjusted net income, and pro forma adjusted net income per diluted share, and for a reconciliation of our EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and pro forma adjusted net income to net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

Number of new store openings

The number of new store openings reflects stores opened during a particular reporting period for both corporate-owned and franchisee-owned stores. Opening new stores is an important part of our growth strategy and we expect the majority of our future new stores will be franchisee-owned. Before we obtain the certificate of occupancy or report any revenue for new corporate-owned stores, we incur pre-opening costs, such as rent expense, labor expense and other operating expenses. Some of our stores open with an initial start-up period of higher than normal marketing and operating expenses, particularly as a percentage of monthly revenue. New stores may not be profitable and their revenue may not follow historical patterns. The following table shows the change in our corporate-owned and franchisee-owned store base for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015: 

 

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Same store sales

Same store sales refers to year-over-year sales comparisons for the same store sales base of both corporate-owned and franchisee-owned stores. We define the same store sales base to include those stores that have been open and for which monthly membership dues have been billed for longer than 12 months. We measure same store sales based solely upon monthly dues billed to members of our corporate-owned and franchisee-owned stores.

Several factors affect our same store sales in any given period, including the following:

Consistent with common industry practice, we present same store sales as compared to the same period in the prior year for all stores that have been open and for which monthly membership dues have been billed for longer than 12 months, beginning with the 13^th month and thereafter, as applicable. Same store sales of our international stores are calculated on a constant currency basis, meaning that we translate the current year’s same store sales of our international stores at the same exchange rates used in the prior year. Since opening new stores will be a significant component of our revenue growth, same store sales is only one measure of how we evaluate our performance.

In March 2015, we completed a migration to a new point-of-sale and billing system (“POS system”), which gives us enhanced control over membership billing practices across all stores and allows us to create mandatory requirements to discontinue the attempted billing of delinquent membership accounts. We believe these changes in our billing practices are beneficial to our brand by controlling collection practices on delinquent accounts and do not believe they will have a negative impact on net membership billings collected by our corporate-owned or franchisee-owned stores. However, we expect the changes in our billing practices, which commenced in the second quarter of 2015, to cause our royalties to be lower due to earlier terminations of billings of certain delinquent accounts upon which we previously received royalty payments. While we do not believe that the impact on our royalties in the future will be material, these new billing practices are expected to negatively impact our same store sales metrics over the remainder of 2016 as monthly EFT is expected to include fewer delinquent membership accounts. Due in part to certain limitations of our prior POS system, we are unable to provide comparable same store sales data for prior periods had these changes in billing practices been implemented previously.

Stores acquired from or sold to franchisees are removed from the franchisee-owned or corporate-owned same store sales base, as applicable, upon the ownership change and for the 12 months following the date of the ownership change. These stores are included in the corporate-owned or franchisee-owned same store sales base, as applicable, following the 12th month after the acquisition or sale. These stores remain in the system-wide same store sales base in all periods.

The following table shows our same store sales for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:

 

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Non-GAAP financial measures

We refer to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as we use these measures to evaluate our operating performance and we believe these measures are useful to investors in evaluating our performance. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are supplemental measures of our performance that are neither required by, nor presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as substitutes for U.S. GAAP metrics such as net income or any other performance measures derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Also, in the future we may incur expenses or charges such as those added back to calculate Adjusted EBITDA. Our presentation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or nonrecurring items.

A reconciliation of net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is set forth below for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:

 

 

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As a result of the recapitalization transactions that occurred prior to our IPO, the operating agreement of Pla-Fit Holdings was amended and restated to, among other things, designate Planet Fitness, Inc. as the sole managing member of Pla-Fit Holdings. As sole managing member, Planet Fitness, Inc. exclusively operates and controls the business and affairs of Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC. As a result of the recapitalization transactions and the New LLC Agreement, Planet Fitness, Inc. now consolidates Pla-Fit Holdings, and Pla-Fit Holdings is considered the predecessor to Planet Fitness, Inc. for accounting purposes. Our presentation of pro forma adjusted net income and pro forma adjusted net income per diluted share gives effect to the consolidation of Pla-Fit Holdings with Planet Fitness, Inc. resulting from the recapitalization transactions and the New LLC Agreement as of January 1, 2015. In addition, pro forma adjusted net income assumes net income is all attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc., which assumes the full exchange of all outstanding Holdings Units for shares of Class A common stock of Planet Fitness, Inc., adjusted for certain non-recurring items that we do not believe directly reflect our core operations. Pro forma adjusted net income per diluted share is calculated by dividing pro forma adjusted net income by the total shares of Class A common stock outstanding as though the IPO had occurred and those shares were outstanding for each period presented and assuming the full exchange of all outstanding Holdings Units and corresponding Class B common shares as of the beginning of each period presented. Pro forma adjusted net income and pro forma adjusted net income per diluted share are supplemental measures of operating performance that do not represent and should not be considered alternatives to net income and earnings per share, as determined by GAAP. We believe pro forma adjusted net income and pro forma adjusted net income per diluted share supplement GAAP measures and enable us to more effectively evaluate our performance period-over-period. A reconciliation of pro forma adjusted net income to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, and the computation of pro forma adjusted net income per diluted share are set forth below.

 

 

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Results of operations

The following table sets forth our condensed consolidated statements of operations as a percentage of total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:

 

 

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The following table sets forth a comparison of our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:

 

 

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2016 and three months ended March 31, 2015

Revenue

Total revenues were $83.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to $76.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $6.4 million, or 8.3%.

Franchise segment revenue was $27.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to $21.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $5.9 million, or 27.2%.

Franchise revenue was $21.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $17.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $4.5 million or 26.7%. Included in franchise revenue is royalty revenue of $14.0 million, franchise and other fees of $5.4 million, and placement revenue of $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to royalty revenue of $10.5 million, franchise and other fees of $4.5 million, and placement revenue of $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The $3.5 million increase in royalty revenue was primarily driven by $1.8 million attributable to royalties from new stores in 2016 as well as stores that opened in 2015 that were not included in the same store sales base, $1.2 million attributable to a same store sales increase of 7.0% in franchisee-owned stores, and $0.6 million attributable to higher royalties on annual fees.

Commission income, which is included in our franchise segment, was $6.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $4.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $1.4 million or 29.1%. The increase was primarily due to a higher volume of franchisee purchases from vendors due to more franchise stores open during the three months ended March 31, 2016 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Revenue from our corporate-owned stores segment was $25.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to $23.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $2.2 million, or 9.1%. Incremental revenue for stores not included in the same store sales base led to an increase in revenue of $0.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016. Additionally, same store sales from corporate-owned stores increased 4.9% in the three months ended March 31, 2016, which contributed incremental revenues of $1.0 million.

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Equipment segment revenue was $30.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to $31.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of $1.6 million, or 5.2%. This decrease was primarily driven by lower equipment sales to new franchisee-owned stores related to fewer new stores in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015, partially offset by an increase in replacement equipment sales to existing franchisee-owned stores in the three months ended March 31, 2016, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Cost of revenue

Cost of revenue was $23.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $25.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of $2.3 million, or 8.9%. Cost of revenue, which primarily relates to our equipment segment, decreased due to lower equipment sales to new franchisee-owned stores, partially offset by an increase in replacement equipment sales to existing franchisee-owned stores in the three months ended March 31, 2016, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015. Direct costs associated with our previous point-of-sale system were $0 in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $0.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015. We expect these costs to be immaterial in future periods as we migrated to a new system in 2015.

Store operations

Store operation expenses, which relates to our corporate-owned stores segment, were $14.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $14.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $0.4 million, or 2.7%.

Selling, general and administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $11.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $14.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of $2.3 million, or 16.2%. Of the $2.3 million decrease, $1.7 million is due to incremental costs incurred in connection with preparing for the IPO in the three months ended March 31, 2015. In the three months ended March 31, 2015, we incurred $3.6 million of costs related to information technology which was primarily attributable to the rollout of a new point-of-sale system. Partially offsetting the decrease, we incurred additional expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2016 to support our growing franchisee operations, including additional headcount and infrastructure to provide training, development, pre-opening support and store operational excellence functions as well as incremental ongoing public company expenses. With respect to our growing franchisee operations, we anticipate that our selling, general and administrative expenses will continue to increase as our franchisee-owned store count grows.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense consists of the depreciation of property and equipment, including leasehold and building improvements and equipment. Amortization expense consists of amortization related to our intangible assets, including customer relationships and non-compete agreements.

Depreciation and amortization expense was $7.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $8.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of $0.5 million, or 6.1%.

Other gain

Other gain was $0.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $0 in the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Interest expense, net

Interest expense primarily consists of interest on long-term debt as well as the amortization of deferred financing costs.  

Interest expense, net was $6.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $4.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $1.6 million, or 33.9%. The increase in interest expense is a result of the additional $120.0 million in borrowings which occurred on March 31, 2015.

Other income (expense)

Other income (expense) was a gain of $0.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to expense of $0.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $1.1 million. Other income (expense) primarily consists of realized gains (losses) on derivative activities, the effects of foreign currency gains and losses, and in 2015 management fees we paid to TSG related to the TSG management agreement which terminated in connection with the IPO.

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Provision for income taxes

Prior to the recapitalization transactions, the Company was treated as a pass through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes as well as in most states. As a result, entity level taxes were not significant. Provision for income taxes primarily consisted of tax expense related to the state of New Hampshire and Canada as well as certain other local taxes.

Subsequent to the recapitalization transactions, the Company is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local taxes, with respect to our allocable share of any net taxable income of Pla-Fit Holdings. Our effective tax rate of 39.4%, was calculated using the U.S. federal income tax rate and the statutory rates applied to income apportioned to each state and local jurisdiction. This tax rate has been applied to the 37.1% portion of income before taxes that represents the economic interest in Pla-Fit Holdings held by the Company following the recapitalization transactions and IPO. The provision for income taxes also reflects an effective state tax rate of 2.5% applied to non-controlling interests, representing the remaining 62.9% of income before taxes, excluding income from variable interest entities, related to Pla-Fit Holdings.

Segment results

Franchise

Segment EBITDA for the franchise segment was $23.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $13.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $10.2 million, or 75.4%. This increase was primarily the result of growth in our franchise segment revenue of $1.8 million due to higher royalties received from additional franchisee-owned stores not included in the same store sales base, $1.2 million attributable to a same store sales increase of 7.0% in franchisee-owned stores, $0.6 million attributable to higher royalties on annual fees, $1.4 million of higher vendor commissions, $0.9 million of higher franchise and other fees, as well as lower expenses of $0.9 million associated with our previous point-of-sale system. Additionally we had $3.6 million lower IT system upgrade costs in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015. Depreciation and amortization was $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Corporate-owned stores

Segment EBITDA for the corporate-owned stores segment was $10.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $7.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $2.4 million, or 30.3%. This increase was the result of higher revenue related to stores not included in the same store sales base as well as an increase in revenue related to our same store sales increase of 4.9% in the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015. Depreciation and amortization was $3.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared to $4.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Equipment

Segment EBITDA for the equipment segment was $6.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $6.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 6.6%, primarily driven by lower equipment sales to new franchisee-owned stores related to fewer new stores in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015, partially offset by an increase in replacement equipment sales to existing franchisee-owned stores the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015. Depreciation and amortization was $1.6 million for both periods.

Liquidity and capital resources

As of March 31, 2016, we had $38.3 million of cash and cash equivalents. In addition, as of March 31, 2016, we had borrowing capacity of $40.0 million under our revolving credit facility.

We require cash principally to fund day-to-day operations, to finance capital investments, to service our outstanding debt and tax benefit arrangements and to address our working capital needs. Based on our current level of operations and anticipated growth, we believe that with the available cash balance, the cash generated from our operations, and amounts available under our revolving credit facility will be adequate to meet our anticipated debt service requirements and obligations under the tax benefit arrangements, capital expenditures and working capital needs for at least the next twelve months. We believe that we will be able to meet these obligations even if we experience no growth in sales or profits. Our ability to continue to fund these items and continue to reduce debt could be adversely affected by the occurrence of any of the events described under “Risk factors” in the Annual Report. There can be no assurance, however, that our business will generate sufficient cash flows from operations or that future borrowings will be available under our revolving credit facility or otherwise to enable us to service our indebtedness, including our senior secured credit facility, or to make anticipated capital expenditures. Our future operating performance and our ability to service, extend or refinance the senior secured credit facility will be subject to future economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.

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The following table presents summary cash flow information for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:

 

 

Operating activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2016, net cash provided by operating activities was $15.3 million compared to $12.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $3.2 million, and was primarily due to higher net income partially offset by higher cash used for working capital in the three months ended March 31, 2016. The higher cash used for working capital was driven by changes in notes receivable and due from related parties, inventory, other assets and other current assets, income taxes, and payables to related parties pursuant to tax benefit arrangements.

Investing activities

Cash flow used in investing activities related to the following capital expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:

 

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2016, net cash used in investing activities was $0.8 million compared to $5.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of $4.5 million, and was primarily related to the opening of two corporate owned stores in the three months ended March 31, 2015 compared to none in the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Financing activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2016, net cash used in financing activities was $7.7 million compared to $22.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of $14.8 million. Proceeds from the issuance of debt was $0 in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to proceeds of $120.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015. Additionally, member distributions were $6.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $139.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2015.

On March 31, 2015, we amended our credit agreement governing our senior secured credit facility primarily to provide for an increase of $120.0 million in term loan borrowings for a total of $506.1 million. The full incremental borrowing of $120.0 million and $20.0 million from cash on hand was used to issue a $140.0 million dividend to members of Pla-Fit Holdings.

Credit facility

Our senior secured credit facility consists of term loans and a revolving credit facility. Borrowings under the term loans bear interest, payable at least semi-annually. The term loans require principal payments equal to approximately $5.1 million per calendar year, payable in quarterly installments with the final scheduled principal payment on the outstanding term loan borrowings due on March 31, 2021.

The senior secured credit facility also provides for borrowings of up to $40.0 million under the revolving credit facility, of which up to $5.0 million is available for letter of credit advances. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility (excluding letters of credit) bear interest, payable at least semi-annually. We also pay a 0.40% commitment fee per annum on the unused portion of the revolver. The revolving credit facility expires on March 31, 2019.

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The credit agreement governing our senior secured credit facility requires us to comply on a quarterly basis with one financial covenant which is a maximum ratio of debt to Credit Facility Adjusted EBITDA (the “leverage ratio”) that becomes more restrictive over time. This covenant is only for the benefit of the revolving credit facility. At March 31, 2016, the terms of the senior secured credit facility require that we maintain a leverage ratio of no more than 6.5 to 1.0. The leverage ratio financial covenant will become more restrictive over time and will require us to maintain a leverage ratio of no more than 4.0 to 1.0 by June 30, 2019.

Failure to comply with this covenant would result in an event of default under our senior secured credit facility unless waived by our senior secured credit facility lenders. An event of default under our senior secured credit facility can result in the acceleration of our indebtedness under the facility, which in turn can result in an event of default and possible acceleration of our other indebtedness, if any.

As of March 31, 2016, we were in compliance with our senior secured credit facility financial covenant with a leverage ratio of 3.4 to 1.0 which was calculated for the 12 months ended March 31, 2016 based upon certain adjustments to EBITDA, as provided for under the terms of our senior secured credit facility.

On March 31, 2015, we amended our credit agreement governing our senior secured credit facility primarily to provide for an increase of $120.0 million in term loan borrowings for a total of $506.1 million. The full incremental borrowing of $120.0 million plus $20.0 million from cash on hand was used to fund a $140.0 million dividend to members of Pla-Fit Holdings. The incremental term loan borrowings bear a variable rate of interest of the greater of LIBOR or 1.00% plus the applicable margin of 3.50%. All other terms and conditions remain unchanged under the senior secured credit facility.

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Off-balance sheet arrangements

As of March 31, 2016, our off-balance sheet arrangements consisted of operating leases and certain guarantees. In a limited number of cases, we have guaranteed certain leases and debt agreements of entities related through common ownership. These guarantees relate to leases for operating space, equipment and other operating costs of franchises operated by the related entities. Our maximum total commitment under these agreements is approximately $1.7 million and would only require payment upon default by the primary obligor. The estimated fair value of these guarantees at March 31, 2016 was not material, and no accrual has been recorded for our potential obligation under these arrangements.

Critical accounting policies and use of estimates

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and use of estimates from those described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report.  

JOBS Act

We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (“JOBS”) Act. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this extended transition period and, as a result, we will adopt new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for other public companies.

Subject to certain conditions set forth in the JOBS Act, we are also eligible for and intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including (i) the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements with respect to internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) the exemptions from say-on-pay, say-on-frequency and say-on-golden parachute voting requirements and (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements. We may take advantage of these exemptions until we are no longer an emerging growth company. We will continue to be an emerging growth company until the earliest to occur of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which the market value of our Class A common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of June 30 of that fiscal year, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we had total annual gross revenue of $1 billion or more during such fiscal year (as indexed for inflation), (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt in the prior three-year period or (iv) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of Class A common stock under our registration statement.

 

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

Interest rate risk

We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates on our senior secured credit facility, which bears interest at variable rates and has a U.S. dollar LIBOR floor of 1.00%. As of March 31, 2016, we had outstanding borrowings of $491.0 million. An increase in the effective interest rate applied to these borrowings of 100 basis points would result in a $4.9 million increase in pre-tax interest expense on an annualized basis. We manage our interest rate risk through normal operating and financing activities and, when determined appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. To mitigate exposure to fluctuations in interest rates, we entered into a series of interest rate caps as discussed in Note 6 to our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Foreign exchange risk

We are exposed to fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. and Canadian dollar, which is the functional currency of our Canadian entity. Our sales, costs and expenses of our Canadian subsidiary, when translated into U.S. dollars, can fluctuate due to exchange rate movement. As of March 31, 2016, a 10% increase or decrease in the exchange rate of the U.S. and Canadian dollar would increase or decrease net income by a negligible amount.

Inflation risk

Although we do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our income from continuing operations, we have a substantial number of hourly employees in our corporate-owned stores that are paid wage rates at or based on the applicable federal or state minimum wage. Any increases in these minimum wages will subsequently increase our labor costs. We may or may not be able to offset cost increases in the future.

 

 

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ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.

Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of March 31, 2016, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits with the Securities and Exchange Commission is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

In the first half of 2015, management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting relating to our controls over the authorization of IT hardware purchases and the processing of related invoices. The internal controls in place during this time were not adequate to detect fraudulent purchases being made.

Since identifying this material weakness, we have implemented processes and controls designed to remediate this material weakness by revising existing, and implementing new, procedures and systems regarding (i) authorizing purchases, (ii) receiving invoices, (iii) receiving IT hardware products and (iv) processing invoices. As a result of the successful implementation of the remediation actions noted, as well as subsequent successful testing of the design and operation of the enhanced control procedures, management has concluded that its material weakness as disclosed in the Company’s 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K has been remediated as of March 31, 2016.

Other than the aforementioned remediation efforts, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II-OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

We are currently involved in various claims and legal actions that arise in the ordinary course of business, most of which are covered by insurance. We do not believe that the ultimate resolution of these actions will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or capital resources nor do we believe that there is a reasonable possibility that we will incur material loss as a result of such actions. However, a significant increase in the number of these claims or an increase in amounts owing under successful claims could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

 

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors.

For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, see the information under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Annual Report.

 

 

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

 

None.

 

ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

 

 

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

None.

 

 

ITEM 5. Other Information.

None.

 

 

ITEM 6. Exhibits

 

 

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

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