UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

T QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012

or

£ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____________ to _____________

Commission File Number: 001-32641

BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 
 
Delaware
20-3068069
(State or other jurisdiction
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
of incorporation or organization)
 
111 Westwood Place, Suite 400, Brentwood, Tennessee
37027
 
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
 

(615) 221-2250
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  T  No  £

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes  T  No  £

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 
Large accelerated filer   T
Accelerated filer                   £
 
 
Non-accelerated filer     £ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company  £

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  £  No  T


As of November 5, 2012, 122,574,505 shares of the registrant's common stock, $0.01 par value, were outstanding (excluding unvested restricted shares).




2


TABLE OF CONTENTS
BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING INC.

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2012

 
PAGE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

PART I.   FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.   Financial Statements

BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except stock amounts)

 
  
September 30,
2012
    
December 31,
2011
  
Assets
  
(Unaudited)
    
 
Current assets
  
   
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  
$
42,504
    
$
30,836
  
Cash and escrow deposits — restricted
    
52,144
      
45,903
  
Accounts receivable, net
    
105,588
      
98,697
  
Deferred tax asset
    
11,776
      
11,776
  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net
    
89,343
      
93,663
  
Total current assets
    
301,355
      
280,875
  
Property, plant and equipment and leasehold intangibles, net
    
3,789,971
      
3,694,064
  
Cash and escrow deposits — restricted
    
52,454
      
52,980
  
Marketable securities — restricted
    
34,992
      
31,721
  
Investment in unconsolidated ventures
    
30,352
      
32,798
  
Goodwill
    
109,553
      
109,553
  
Other intangible assets, net
    
158,004
      
154,136
  
Other assets, net
    
110,740
      
109,934
  
Total assets
  
$
4,587,421
    
$
4,466,061
  
 
                
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
                
Current liabilities
                
Current portion of long-term debt
  
$
547,738
    
$
47,654
  
Trade accounts payable
    
45,745
      
54,134
  
Accrued expenses
    
202,638
      
183,634
  
Refundable entrance fees and deferred revenue
    
347,676
      
327,808
  
Tenant security deposits
    
6,510
      
7,720
  
Total current liabilities
    
1,150,307
      
620,950
  
Long-term debt, less current portion
    
1,947,573
      
2,350,971
  
Line of credit
    
80,000
      
65,000
  
Deferred entrance fee revenue
    
76,944
      
72,485
  
Deferred liabilities
    
159,325
      
161,185
  
Deferred tax liability
    
112,170
      
112,736
  
Other liabilities
    
39,635
      
42,526
  
Total liabilities
    
3,565,954
      
3,425,853
  
 
                
Stockholders' Equity
                
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011; no shares issued and outstanding
    
—
      
—
  
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011; 128,965,494 and 127,782,538 shares issued and 126,537,093 and 125,354,137 shares outstanding (including 3,962,588 and 4,221,598 unvested restricted shares), respectively
    
1,265
      
1,254
  
Additional paid-in-capital
    
1,991,347
      
1,970,820
  
Treasury stock, at cost; 2,428,401 shares at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011
    
(46,800
)
    
(46,800
)
Accumulated deficit
    
(925,209
)
    
(884,051
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
    
864
      
(1,015
)
Total stockholders' equity
    
1,021,467
      
1,040,208
  
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
  
$
4,587,421
    
$
4,466,061
  

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited, in thousands, except per share data)

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
    
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
 
2012
    
2011
    
2012
    
2011
  
Revenue
  
   
   
   
 
Resident fees
  
$
605,867
    
$
575,159
    
$
1,805,140
    
$
1,707,117
  
Management fees
    
7,407
      
3,336
      
22,350
      
6,246
  
Reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
    
83,208
      
37,233
      
242,847
      
72,584
  
Total revenue
    
696,482
      
615,728
      
2,070,337
      
1,785,947
  
 
                                
Expense
                                
Facility operating expense (excluding depreciation and amortization of $56,956, $56,893, $172,982 and $173,660, respectively)
    
411,467
      
 
381,414
      
 
1,213,751
      
 
1,118,610
  
General and administrative expense (including non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $6,021, $5,221, $19,185 and $14,316, respectively)
    
43,158
      
38,711
      
 
134,202
      
105,935
  
Facility lease expense
    
71,167
      
68,314
      
213,240
      
200,694
  
Depreciation and amortization
    
62,876
      
64,071
      
189,781
      
206,430
  
Asset impairment
    
—
      
—
      
8,329
      
14,846
  
(Gain) loss on acquisition
    
—
      
(3,520
)
    
636
      
(3,520
)
Gain on facility lease termination
    
—
      
—
      
(2,780
)
    
—
  
Costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
    
83,208
      
37,233
      
242,847
      
72,584
  
Total operating expense
    
671,876
      
586,223
      
2,000,006
      
1,715,579
  
Income from operations
    
24,606
      
29,505
      
70,331
      
70,368
  
 
                                
Interest income
    
676
      
1,171
      
2,220
      
2,569
  
Interest expense:
                                
Debt
    
(32,262
)
    
(30,433
)
    
(96,743
)
    
(92,667
)
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount
    
(4,543
)
    
(4,310
)
    
(13,602
)
    
(9,024
)
Change in fair value of derivatives and amortization
    
140
      
(1,508
)
    
(371
)
    
(4,151
)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    
—
      
(715
)
    
(221
)
    
(18,863
)
Equity in (loss) earnings of unconsolidated ventures
    
(249
)
    
(117
)
    
(211
)
    
295
  
Other non-operating income (loss)
    
500
      
(116
)
    
392
      
260
  
Loss before income taxes
    
(11,132
)
    
(6,523
)
    
(38,205
)
    
(51,213
)
Provision for income taxes
    
(878
)
    
(513
)
    
(2,953
)
    
(2,087
)
   Net loss
  
$
(12,010
)
  
$
(7,036
)
  
$
(41,158
)
  
$
(53,300
)
 
                                
Basic and diluted net loss per share
  
$
(0.10
)
  
$
(0.06
)
  
$
(0.34
)
  
$
(0.44
)
 
Weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share
    
122,493
      
121,616
      
 
121,784
      
 
121,232
  
 
                                

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited, in thousands)

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
    
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
 
2012
    
2011
    
2012
    
2011
  
 
  
   
   
   
 
Net loss
  
$
(12,010
)
  
$
(7,036
)
  
$
(41,158
)
  
$
(53,300
)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                                
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities - restricted
    
980
      
(1,802
)
    
1,818
      
(1,581
)
Reclassification of net (loss) gain on derivatives into earnings
    
—
      
(15
)
    
(79
)
    
213
  
Amortization of payments from settlement of forward interest rate swaps
    
—
      
94
      
179
      
282
  
Other
    
—
      
56
      
(39
)
    
(194
)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
    
980
      
(1,667
)
    
1,879
      
(1,280
)
Comprehensive loss
  
$
(11,030
)
  
$
(8,703
)
  
$
(39,279
)
  
$
(54,580
)
 
                                

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 (Unaudited, in thousands)
 
 
  
 
Common Stock
    
Additional
Paid-In-
 Capital
    
Treasury
Stock
    
Accumulated
 Deficit
    
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
Total
  
Shares
Amount
Balances at January 1, 2012
    
125,354
    
$
1,254
    
$
1,970,820
    
$
(46,800
)
  
$
(884,051
)
  
$
(1,015
)
  
$
1,040,208
  
Compensation expense related to restricted stock grants
    
―
      
―
      
19,185
      
―
      
―
      
―
      
19,185
  
Net loss
    
―
      
―
      
―
      
―
      
(41,158
)
    
―
      
(41,158
)
Issuance of common stock under Associate Stock Purchase Plan
    
58
      
―
      
1,043
      
―
      
―
      
―
      
1,043
  
Restricted stock, net
    
1,125
      
11
      
(100
)
    
―
      
―
      
―
      
(89
)
Unrealized gain on marketable securities - restricted
    
―
      
―
      
―
      
―
      
―
      
1,818
      
1,818
  
Reclassification of net loss on derivatives into earnings
    
―
      
―
      
―
      
―
      
―
      
(79
)
    
(79
)
Amortization of payments from settlement of forward interest rate swaps
    
―
      
―
      
―
      
―
      
―
      
179
      
179
  
Other
    
―
      
―
      
399
      
―
      
―
      
(39
)
    
360
  
Balances at September 30, 2012
    
126,537
    
$
1,265
    
$
1,991,347
    
$
(46,800
)
  
$
(925,209
)
  
$
864
    
$
1,021,467
  



See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.



BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited, in thousands)

 
Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
  
 
  
2012
    
2011
  
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
  
   
 
Net loss
  
$
(41,158
)
  
$
(53,300
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
                
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    
221
      
18,863
  
Depreciation and amortization
    
203,383
      
215,454
  
Asset impairment
    
8,329
      
14,846
  
Equity in loss (earnings) of unconsolidated ventures
    
211
      
(295
)
Distributions from unconsolidated ventures from cumulative share of net earnings
    
1,435
      
700
  
Amortization of deferred gain
    
(3,279
)
    
(3,280
)
Amortization of entrance fees
    
(19,846
)
    
(18,865
)
Proceeds from deferred entrance fee revenue
    
30,303
      
26,475
  
Deferred income tax benefit
    
(41
)
    
—
  
Change in deferred lease liability
    
5,324
      
5,006
  
Change in fair value of derivatives and amortization
    
371
      
4,151
  
Loss (gain) on sale of assets
    
245
      
(1,180
)
Loss (gain) on acquisition
    
636
      
(3,520
)
Gain on facility lease termination
    
(2,780
)
    
—
  
Non-cash stock-based compensation
    
19,185
      
14,316
  
Other
    
(487
)
    
—
  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                
Accounts receivable, net
    
(8,092
)
    
(2,375
)
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net
    
1,653
      
(9,488
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    
9,552
      
2,826
  
Tenant refundable fees and security deposits
    
(1,556
)
    
(1,941
)
Deferred revenue
    
4,369
      
3,609
  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    
207,978
      
212,002
  
 
                
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
                
Increase in lease security deposits and lease acquisition deposits, net
    
(6,767
)
    
(1,591
)
(Increase) decrease in cash and escrow deposits — restricted
    
(2,402
)
    
56,244
  
Purchase of marketable securities — restricted
    
(1,453
)
    
(33,545
)
Sale of marketable securities — restricted
    
—
      
1,415
  
Additions to property, plant and equipment and leasehold intangibles, net of related payables
    
(151,381
)
    
(114,588
)
Acquisition of assets, net of related payables and cash received
    
(111,308
)
    
(54,597
)
Purchase of Horizon Bay Realty, L.L.C., net of cash acquired
    
—
      
5,516
  
(Issuance of) payment on notes receivable, net
    
(591
)
    
1,674
  
Investment in unconsolidated ventures
    
(571
)
    
(13,711
)
Distributions received from unconsolidated ventures
    
256
      
156
  
Proceeds from sale of assets, net
    
325
      
30,817
  
Other
    
487
      
—
  
Net cash used in investing activities
    
(273,405
)
    
(122,210
)
 
                
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
                
Proceeds from debt
    
193,607
      
477,525
  
Repayment of debt and capital lease obligations
    
(136,957
)
    
(879,573
)
Proceeds from line of credit
    
280,000
      
120,000
  
Repayment of line of credit
    
(265,000
)
    
(85,000
)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes, net
    
—
      
308,233
  
Issuance of warrants
    
—
      
45,066
  
Purchase of bond hedge
    
—
      
(77,007
)
Payment of financing costs, net of related payables
    
(2,810
)
    
(8,170
)
Other
    
(295
)
    
(454
)
Refundable entrance fees:
                
      Proceeds from refundable entrance fees
    
29,512
      
18,594
  
      Refunds of entrance fees
    
(19,555
)
    
(16,886
)
Cash portion of loss on extinguishment of debt
    
(118
)
    
(17,040
)
Recouponing and payment of swap termination
    
(1,289
)
    
(99
)
Purchase of treasury stock
    
—
      
(17,613
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    
77,095
      
(132,424
)
   Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    
11,668
      
(42,632
)
8
 
 
   Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    
30,836
      
81,827
  
   Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  
$
42,504
    
$
39,195
  
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

1.  Description of Business

Brookdale Senior Living Inc. ("Brookdale" or the "Company") is a leading owner and operator of senior living communities throughout the United States.  The Company provides an exceptional living experience through properties that are designed, purpose-built and operated to provide the highest quality service, care and living accommodations for residents.  The Company owns, leases and operates retirement centers, assisted living and dementia-care communities and continuing care retirement centers ("CCRCs").  Through its Innovative Senior Care ("ISC") program, the Company also offers a range of outpatient therapy, home health and hospice services, primarily to residents of its communities.

2.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. In the opinion of management, these financial statements include all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of September 30, 2012, and for all periods presented. The condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting. All adjustments made have been of a normal and recurring nature. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted. The Company believes that the disclosures included are adequate and provide a fair presentation of interim period results. Interim financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the financial position or operating results for an entire year. It is suggested that these interim financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes thereto, together with management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Revenue Recognition

Resident Fees

Resident fee revenue is recorded when services are rendered and consists of fees for basic housing, support services and fees associated with additional services such as personalized health and assisted living care. Residency agreements are generally for a term of 30 days to one year, with resident fees billed monthly in advance. Revenue for certain skilled nursing services and ancillary charges is recognized as services are provided and is billed monthly in arrears.

Entrance Fees

Certain of the Company's communities have residency agreements which require the resident to pay an upfront entrance fee prior to occupying the community.  In addition, in connection with the Company's MyChoice program, new and existing residents are allowed to pay additional entrance fee amounts in return for a reduced monthly service fee.  The non-refundable portion of the entrance fee is recorded as deferred entrance fee revenue and amortized over the estimated stay of the resident based on an actuarial valuation.  The refundable portion of a resident's entrance fee is generally refundable within a certain number of months or days following contract termination or upon the sale of the unit, or in certain agreements, upon the resale of a comparable unit or 12 months after the resident vacates the unit.  In such instances the refundable portion of the fee is not amortized and included in refundable entrance fees and deferred revenue.

Certain contracts require the refundable portion of the entrance fee plus a percentage of the appreciation of the unit, if any, to be refunded only upon resale of a comparable unit ("contingently refundable").  Upon resale the Company


may receive reoccupancy proceeds in the form of additional contingently refundable fees, refundable fees, or non-refundable fees.  The Company estimates the amount of reoccupancy proceeds to be received from additional contingently refundable fees or non-refundable fees and records such amount as deferred entrance fee revenue.  Such deferred entrance fee revenue was approximately $47.1 million and $48.1 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, and is amortized over the life of the community.  All remaining contingently refundable fees not recorded as deferred entrance fee revenue and amortized are included in refundable entrance fees and deferred revenue.

All refundable amounts due to residents at any time in the future, including those recorded as deferred revenue, are classified as current liabilities.

The non-refundable portion of entrance fees expected to be earned and recognized in revenue in one year is recorded as a current liability.  The balance of the non-refundable portion is recorded as a long-term liability.

Community Fees

Substantially all community fees received are non-refundable and are recorded initially as deferred revenue.  The deferred amounts, including both the deferred revenue and the related direct resident lease origination costs, are amortized over the estimated stay of the resident which is consistent with the implied contractual terms of the resident lease.

Management Fees

Management fee revenue is recorded as services are provided to the owners of the communities. Revenues are determined by an agreed upon percentage of gross revenues (as defined).  Incentives and penalties receivable or payable under management contracts containing such provisions (other than contractual termination fees) are recorded based on the amounts that would be due pursuant to the contractual arrangements if the contracts were terminated on the reporting date.

Reimbursed Costs Incurred on Behalf of Managed Communities

The Company manages certain communities under contracts which provide for payment to the Company of a monthly management fee plus reimbursement of certain operating expenses.  Where the Company is the primary obligor with respect to any such operating expenses, the Company recognizes revenue when the goods have been delivered or the service has been rendered and the Company is due reimbursement.  Such revenue is included in "reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities" on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.  The related costs are included in "costs incurred on behalf of managed communities" on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Cash and cash equivalents, cash and escrow deposits-restricted, derivative financial instruments and marketable securities - restricted are reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets at amounts considered by management to reasonably approximate fair value.  Management estimates the fair value of its long-term debt using a discounted cash flow analysis based upon the Company's current borrowing rate for debt with similar maturities and collateral securing the indebtedness.  The Company had outstanding debt with a carrying value and estimated fair value of approximately $2.6 billion and $2.5 billion as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

The Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 820 – Fair Value Measurements ("ASC 820"), which establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. A financial instrument's categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:



Level 1 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
Level 3 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The Company's cash and cash equivalents and cash and escrow deposits-restricted reported on its condensed consolidated balance sheets approximate fair value due to the short maturity.

The Company's marketable securities - restricted include marketable securities that are recorded in the financial statements at fair value. The fair value is based primarily on quoted market prices and is classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy.  Changes in fair value are recorded, net of tax, as other comprehensive income and included as a component of stockholders' equity.

The Company's derivative assets and liabilities include interest rate swaps and caps that effectively convert a portion of the Company's variable rate debt to fixed rate debt.  The derivative positions are valued using models developed internally by the respective counterparty that use as their basis readily observable market parameters (such as forward yield curves) and are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

The Company considers its own credit risk as well as the credit risk of its counterparties when evaluating the fair value of its derivatives. Any adjustments resulting from credit risk are recorded as a change in fair value of derivatives and amortization in the current period statement of operations.

The Company's fair value of debt disclosure is determined based primarily on market interest rate assumptions of similar debt applied to future cash flows under the debt agreements and is classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

Self-Insurance Liability Accruals

The Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Although the Company maintains general liability and professional liability insurance policies for its owned, leased and managed communities under a master insurance program, the Company's current policy provides for deductibles for each and every claim ($150,000 effective January 1, 2010).  As a result, the Company is, in effect, self-insured for claims that are less than $150,000.  In addition, the Company maintains a self-insured workers compensation program and a self-insured employee medical program for amounts below excess loss coverage amounts, as defined. The Company reviews the adequacy of its accruals related to these liabilities on an ongoing basis, using historical claims, actuarial valuations, third party administrator estimates, consultants, advice from legal counsel and industry data, and adjusts accruals periodically. Estimated costs related to these self-insurance programs are accrued based on known claims and projected claims incurred but not yet reported. Subsequent changes in actual experience are monitored and estimates are updated as information is available.

Treasury Stock

The Company accounts for treasury stock under the cost method and includes treasury stock as a component of stockholders' equity.

Marketable Securities - Restricted

Marketable securities - restricted include amounts required to be held in reserve related to the Company's entrance fee CCRCs pursuant to various state insurance regulations and consist of mutual funds holding equities and fixed-income securities. The Company classifies its marketable securities - restricted as available-for-sale and accordingly, they are carried at their estimated fair value with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported in other comprehensive income.  Realized gains and losses from the available-for-sale securities are determined on the specific identification method and are included in other non-operating income (loss) on the trade date.


A decline in the market value of any security below cost that is deemed to be other than temporary results in a reduction in the carrying amount of the security to fair market value. The impairment is charged to earnings and a new cost basis for the security is established. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned.

The amortized cost basis of the marketable securities – restricted as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 was $34.2 million and $32.7 million, respectively.

Convertible Debt Instruments

Convertible debt instruments are accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 470-20, Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options.  This guidance requires the issuer of certain convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash (or other assets) on conversion, including partial cash settlement, to separately account for the liability (debt) and equity (conversion option) components of the instruments in a manner that reflects the issuer's estimated non-convertible debt borrowing rate.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income ("ASU 2011-05").  The guidance in ASU 2011-05 is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011 and requires the components of net income and other comprehensive income and total comprehensive income for each interim period. The Company adopted the provisions of this update as of January 1, 2012 and incorporated the provisions of this update to its condensed consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on the Company's financial condition or results of operations.

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other ("ASU 2011-08").  ASU 2011-08 amends current guidance to allow an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test.  Under this amendment, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount.  ASU 2011-08 applies to all companies that have goodwill reported in their financial statements.  The provisions of ASU 2011-08 are effective for the Company in 2012.  The adoption of this update did not have an impact on the Company's financial condition or results of operations.

In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-01, Continuing Care Retirement Communities — Refundable Advance Fees ("ASU 2012-01").  ASU 2012-01 amends the situations in which recognition of deferred revenue for refundable advance fees is appropriate.  Under this amendment, refundable advance fees that are contingent upon reoccupancy by a subsequent resident but are not limited to the proceeds of reoccupancy should be accounted for and reported as a liability.  The guidance in ASU 2012-01 is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2012.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact this provision will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-02, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other ("ASU 2012-02").  ASU 2012-02 amends current guidance to allow an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the annual quantitative indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test.  Under this amendment, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount.  ASU 2012-02 applies to all companies that have indefinite-lived intangible assets reported in their financial statements.  The provisions of ASU 2012-02 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after September 15, 2012.  The Company has not yet adopted this pronouncement, but does not believe it will have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.


Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current financial statement presentation, with no effect on the Company's consolidated financial position or results of operations.

3.  Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding.  Diluted EPS includes the components of basic EPS and also gives effect to dilutive common stock equivalents.  For purposes of calculating both basic and diluted earnings per share, vested restricted stock awards are considered outstanding.  Under the treasury stock method, diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other instruments that are convertible into common stock were exercised or could result in the issuance of common stock.  Potentially dilutive common stock equivalents include unvested restricted stock and restricted stock units and convertible debt instruments and warrants.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, the Company reported a consolidated net loss.  As a result of the net loss, unvested restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards and convertible debt instruments and warrants were antidilutive for each period and were not included in the computation of diluted weighted average shares.  The weighted average restricted stock and restricted stock unit grants excluded from the calculations of diluted net loss per share were 1.1 million and 0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and 1.2 million and 1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

4.  Acquisitions and Dispositions

Effective February 2, 2012, the Company acquired the underlying real estate associated with nine communities that were previously leased for an aggregate purchase price of $121.3 million. The results of operations of these communities, prior and subsequent to the acquisition, are reported in the Retirement Centers segment. The Company financed the transaction with $77.9 million of first mortgage financing secured by seven of the communities and $15.0 million of seller-financing secured by two of the communities (Note 8).

During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company purchased three home health agencies and an existing skilled nursing facility as part of its growth strategy for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $6.6 million.  The purchase price of the acquisitions has primarily been ascribed to an indefinite useful life intangible asset and recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheet under other intangible assets, net.

Horizon Bay/HCP Transactions

On September 1, 2011, the Company acquired 100% of the equity and voting interests in Horizon Bay Realty, L.L.C. ("Horizon Bay").  The results of Horizon Bay's operations have been included in the condensed consolidated financial statements since that date.  Horizon Bay is a seniors housing management company primarily focused on managing large portfolios of retirement communities across the United States for institutional real estate investors.  In connection with the acquisition, the Company also restructured Horizon Bay's existing relationship with HCP, Inc. ("HCP") relating to 33 communities that Horizon Bay leased from HCP. In particular, the Company (i) formed a joint venture with HCP to own and operate 21 communities (the "HCP RIDEA JV"), and (ii) leased the remaining 12 communities from HCP under long-term, triple net leases. Of these 12 communities, the Company assumed the pre-existing lease for eight communities and entered into a new lease for the remaining four communities.  The joint venture with HCP utilizes a RIDEA structure with the Company having acquired a 10% non-controlling interest in the joint venture. The Company also manages the communities under a ten-year management agreement with four five-year renewal options and retains all ancillary services operations.

As part of the transactions, the Company entered into an agreement to restructure Horizon Bay's management arrangements with Chartwell Seniors Housing Real Estate Investment Trust ("Chartwell").  Certain elements of the Chartwell management arrangement restructuring are subject to lender and other third party approvals.  Until such approvals are received, the Company will operate Chartwell's properties under the existing management contracts.


The Company purchased 100% of Horizon Bay in a transaction that involved the restructuring of certain leases and other elements of Horizon Bay's capital structure.  The fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeded the fair value of the consideration transferred.  Consequently, the Company reassessed the recognition and measurement of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed and concluded that all acquired assets and assumed liabilities were recognized and that the valuation procedures and resulting measures were appropriate.  As a result, the Company recognized a net non-cash gain of $2.0 million in 2011 which was subsequently reduced by approximately $0.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 due to adjustments related to pre-acquisition self-insurance reserves. 

The aggregate acquisition-date fair value of the purchase consideration transferred for the acquisition of Horizon Bay included $2.7 million of contingent consideration. The contingent consideration arrangement requires the Company to pay up to a maximum of approximately $3.4 million to Horizon Bay's former members.  The Company estimated the fair value of the contingent consideration using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model.  This fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820. The key assumption in applying the income approach was the assignment of probabilities to the various possible outcomes.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company paid approximately $1.2 million in contingent consideration.  As of September 30, 2012, there were no significant changes in the range of outcomes for the contingent consideration recognized as a result of the acquisition of Horizon Bay.

5.  Stock-Based Compensation

The Company's compensation expense recorded in connection with grants of restricted stock and restricted stock units for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was calculated net of forfeitures estimated from 0% to 10% of the shares granted.  For all awards with graded vesting other than awards with performance-based vesting conditions, the Company records compensation expense for the entire award on a straight-line basis (or if, applicable, on the accelerated method) over the requisite service period.  For graded-vesting awards with performance-based vesting conditions, total compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of the award as if the award is, in substance, multiple awards once the performance target is deemed probable of achievement.  Performance goals are evaluated quarterly.  If such goals are not ultimately met or it is not probable the goals will be achieved, no compensation expense is recognized and any previously recognized compensation expense is reversed.

Current year grants of restricted shares under the Company's Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan were as follows (amounts in thousands except for value per share):
 
 
Shares Granted
    
Value Per Share
    
Total Value
  
Three months ended March 31, 2012
    
1,286
    
 
$17.39 – $19.07           
    $ 24,524             
Three months ended June 30, 2012
    
85
    
 
$18.72 − $19.55           
    $ 1,666             
Three months ended September 30, 2012
    
128
    
 
$16.66 − $17.74           
   
 
 $ 2,135             
 
6.  Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Following is a summary of changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011 presented on an operating segment basis (dollars in thousands):


 
September 30, 2012
    
December 31, 2011
  
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
    
Adjustment
    
Accumulated
Impairment
and Other
Charges
    
Net
    
Gross
Carrying
Amount
    
Adjustment
    
Accumulated
Impairment
and Other
Charges
    
Net
  
Retirement Centers
  
$
7,642
    
$
(34
)
  
$
(487
)
  
$
7,121
    
$
7,642
    
$
(34
)
  
$
(487
)
  
$
7,121
  
Assisted Living
    
102,680
      
(106
)
    
(142
)
    
102,432
      
102,680
      
(106
)
    
(142
)
    
102,432
  
CCRCs- Rental
    
56,281
      
—
      
(56,281
)
    
—
      
56,281
      
—
      
(56,281
)
    
—
  
CCRCs- Entry Fee
    
158,718
      
—
      
(158,718
)
    
—
      
158,718
      
—
      
(158,718
)
    
—
  
Total
  
$
325,321
    
$
(140
)
  
$
(215,628
)
  
$
109,553
    
$
325,321
    
$
(140
)
  
$
(215,628
)
  
$
109,553
  

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually with a test date of October 1 or sooner if indicators of impairment are present.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company changed the composition of its operating segments as further discussed in Note 15.  The Company reevaluated goodwill under the new segment composition for impairment and determined that no impairment charge was necessary.

Community purchase options are amortized over their estimated lives and are tested for impairment whenever indicators of impairment arise. No indicators of impairment were present during the nine months ended September 30, 2012.  The following is a summary of other intangible assets at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (dollars in thousands):

 
September 30, 2012
    
December 31, 2011
  
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
    
Accumulated
Amortization
    
Net
    
Gross
Carrying
Amount
    
Accumulated
Amortization
    
Net
  
Community purchase options
  
$
147,610
    
$
(20,339
)
  
$
127,271
    
$
147,610
    
$
(17,566
)
  
$
130,044
  
Health care licenses
    
30,733
      
—
      
30,733
      
24,092
      
—
      
24,092
  
Total
  
$
178,343
    
$
(20,339
)
  
$
158,004
    
$
171,702
    
$
(17,566
)
  
$
154,136
  

Amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $1.0 million and $2.9 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $2.8 million and $20.4 million, respectively.  Health care licenses were determined to be indefinite-lived intangible assets and are not subject to amortization.

7.  Property, Plant and Equipment and Leasehold Intangibles, Net

Property, plant and equipment and leasehold intangibles, net, which include assets under capital leases, consist of the following (dollars in thousands):



 
September 30,
2012
    
December 31,
2011
  
Land
  
$
291,012
    
$
275,277
  
Buildings and improvements
    
3,230,105
      
3,080,882
  
Leasehold improvements
    
408,854
      
429,133
  
Furniture and equipment
    
511,226
      
450,179
  
Resident and leasehold operating intangibles
    
163,366
      
163,366
  
Construction in progress
    
68,246
      
39,600
  
Assets under capital and financing leases
    
701,797
      
667,239
  
   
5,374,606
      
5,105,676
  
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
    
(1,584,635
)
    
(1,411,612
)
Property, plant and equipment and leasehold intangibles, net
  
$
3,789,971
    
$
3,694,064
  

Long-lived assets with definite useful lives are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives (or, in certain cases, the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the lease term) and are tested for impairment whenever indicators of impairment arise.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, there were indicators of impairment on certain long-lived assets.  The Company compared the estimated fair value of the assets (a Level 2 valuation) to their carrying value and recorded an impairment charge for the excess of carrying value over fair value.  A non-cash charge of $8.3 million within the Assisted Living and CCRCs - Entry Fee segments was recorded in the Company's operating results and reflected as asset impairment in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.  These charges are reflected as a decrease to the gross carrying value of the assets.  The impairment charges are primarily due to the amount by which the carrying values of the assets exceed the estimated fair value or estimated selling prices.

8.  Debt

Long-Term Debt, Capital Leases and Financing Obligations

Long-term debt, capital leases and financing obligations consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

 
September 30,
2012
    
December 31,
2011
  
 
Mortgage notes payable due 2013 through 2022; weighted average interest rate of 4.87% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, net of debt discount of $0.4 million (weighted average interest rate of 5.04% in 2011)
  
$
1,563,660
    
$
1,470,462
  
 
$150,000 Series A notes payable, secured by five communities and by a $3.0 million cash collateral deposit, bearing interest at LIBOR plus 0.88%, payable in monthly installments of interest only until August 2011 and payable thereafter in monthly installments of principal and interest through maturity in August 2013
    
145,450
      
148,601
  
 
Discount mortgage note payable due June 2013, weighted average interest rate of 2.57% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, net of debt discount of $1.5 million (weighted average interest rate of 2.52% in 2011)
    
80,379
      
79,911
  
 
Variable rate tax-exempt bonds credit-enhanced by Fannie Mae; weighted average interest rate of 1.70% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 (weighted average interest rate of 1.65% in 2011), due 2032, payable in monthly installments of principal and interest through maturity, secured by the underlying assets of the portfolio
    
99,996
      
100,423
  
 
17
 
 
 
Capital and financing lease obligations payable through 2026; weighted average interest rate of 8.57% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 (weighted average interest rate of 8.61% in 2011)
    
352,488
      
348,195
  
 
Convertible notes payable in aggregate principal amount of $316.3 million, less debt discount of $67.4 million, interest at 2.75% per annum, due June 2018
    
248,893
      
241,897
  
 
Construction financing due 2017 through 2024; weighted average interest rate of 8.0%
    
286
      
6,591
  
 
Notes payable issued to finance insurance premiums, weighted average interest rate of 2.68% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 (weighted average interest rate of 3.11% in 2011), due 2013
    
4,159
      
2,545
  
 
Total debt
    
2,495,311
      
2,398,625
  
 
Less current portion
    
547,738
      
47,654
  
 
Total long-term debt
  
$
1,947,573
    
$
2,350,971
  

In accordance with applicable accounting pronouncements, as of September 30, 2012, the current portion of long-term debt within the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements reflects approximately $504.6 million of mortgage notes payable due within the next 12 months.  Although these debt obligations are scheduled to mature on or prior to September 30, 2013, the Company has the option, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions (such as the absence of a material adverse change), to extend the maturity of approximately $205.7 million of certain mortgages payable included in such debt until 2018 or later, as the instruments associated with such mortgages payable provide that the Company can extend the respective maturity dates for terms of five to seven years from the existing maturity dates.  The Company presently anticipates that it will exercise the extension options and will satisfy the conditions precedent for doing so with respect to each of these obligations.

2011 Credit Facility

On January 31, 2011, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with General Electric Capital Corporation, as administrative agent and lender, and the other lenders from time to time parties thereto. The amended credit agreement amended and restated in its entirety the Company's existing Credit Agreement dated as of February 23, 2010, as previously amended.  The amended credit agreement increased the commitment under the credit facility from $120.0 million to $200.0 million and extended the maturity date to January 31, 2016.  Effective February 24, 2011, the commitment under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement was further increased to $230.0 million.

The revolving line of credit can be used to finance acquisitions and fund working capital and capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes.

The facility is secured by a first priority lien on certain of the Company's communities.  The availability under the line will vary from time to time as it is based on borrowing base calculations related to the value and performance of the communities securing the facility.

Amounts drawn under the facility bear interest at 90-day LIBOR plus an applicable margin, as described below.  For purposes of determining the interest rate, in no event will LIBOR be less than 2.0%.  The applicable margin varies with the percentage of the total commitment drawn, with a 4.5% margin at 35% or lower utilization, a 5.0% margin at utilization greater than 35% but less than or equal to 50%, and a 5.5% margin at greater than 50% utilization.  The Company is also required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 1.0% per annum on the unused portion of the facility.

The credit agreement contains typical affirmative and negative covenants, including financial covenants with respect to minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage and minimum consolidated tangible net worth.  A violation of any of these covenants could result in a default under the credit agreement, which would result in termination of all commitments under the credit agreement and all amounts owing under the credit agreement and certain other loan agreements becoming immediately due and payable.
18


As of September 30, 2012, the Company had an available secured line of credit with a $230.0 million commitment and $190.0 million of availability (of which $80.0 million had been drawn as of such date).  The Company also had secured and unsecured letter of credit facilities of up to $92.5 million in the aggregate as of September 30, 2012.  Letters of credit totaling $78.1 million had been issued under these facilities as of such date.

Financings

On January 5, 2012, the Company obtained a $63.0 million first mortgage loan, secured by the underlying community.  The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to 30-day LIBOR plus a margin of 300 basis points and matures in January 2017.  In connection with the transaction, the Company repaid $62.8 million of existing variable rate debt.

On February 29, 2012, the Company obtained a $20.0 million first mortgage loan, secured by the underlying community.  The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to 30-day LIBOR plus a margin of 275 basis points and matures in February 2017.

The $77.9 million first mortgage facility used to partially finance the acquisition of the underlying real estate of nine communities (Note 4) has a ten year term.  75% of the facility bears interest at a fixed rate of 4.2% and the remaining 25% of the facility bears interest at a variable rate of 30-day LIBOR plus a margin of 276 basis points.  The $15.0 million mortgage loan used to partially finance the acquisition has a two year term and bears interest at a fixed rate of 7.0%.

On June 29, 2012, the Company obtained a $15.0 million first mortgage loan, secured by two communities that the Company acquired in February 2012.  The loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to 30-day LIBOR plus a margin of 425 basis points and matures in June 2017.  In connection with the transaction, the Company repaid $15.0 million of seller-financed debt that had been obtained at the time of closing of the acquisition (Note 4).

As of September 30, 2012, the Company is in compliance with the financial covenants of its outstanding debt and lease agreements.

Interest Rate Swaps and Caps

In the normal course of business, a variety of financial instruments are used to manage or hedge interest rate risk.  Interest rate protection and swap agreements were entered into to effectively cap or convert floating rate debt to a fixed rate basis, as well as to hedge anticipated future financing transactions.

All derivative instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value.  The change in mark-to-market of the value of the derivative is recorded as an adjustment to income or other comprehensive loss depending upon whether it has been designated and qualifies as an accounting hedge.

Derivative contracts are not entered into for trading or speculative purposes.  Furthermore, the Company has a policy of only entering into contracts with major financial institutions based upon their credit rating and other factors.  Under certain circumstances, the Company may be required to replace a counterparty in the event that the counterparty does not maintain a specified credit rating.

The following table summarizes the Company's swap instrument at September 30, 2012 (dollars in thousands):

19



Current notional balance
  
$
27,473
  
Highest possible notional
  
$
27,473
  
Lowest interest rate
    
5.49
%
Highest interest rate
    
5.49
%
Average fixed rate
    
5.49
%
Earliest maturity date
    
2016
  
Latest maturity date
    
2016
  
Weighted average original maturity
  
5.0 years
  
Estimated liability fair value (included in other liabilities at September 30, 2012)
  
$
(1,982
)
Estimated liability fair value (included in other liabilities at December 31, 2011)
  
$
(2,809
)

The following table summarizes the Company's cap instruments at September 30, 2012 (dollars in thousands):

Current notional balance
  
$
418,238
  
Highest possible notional
  
$
418,238
  
Lowest interest rate
    
5.00
%
Highest interest rate
    
6.06
%
Average fixed rate
    
5.49
%
Earliest maturity date
    
2012
  
Latest maturity date
    
2017
  
Weighted average original maturity
  
2.7 years
  
Estimated asset fair value (included in other assets, net at September 30, 2012)
  
$
—
  
Estimated asset fair value (included in other assets, net at December 31, 2011)
  
$
—
  

During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company terminated one swap agreement with a total notional amount of $150.0 million. In conjunction with this transaction, $1.2 million was paid to the counterparty, which had been previously deposited as collateral. The Company also entered into two new cap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $169.5 million.

 9.  Litigation

The Company has been and is currently involved in litigation and claims incidental to the conduct of its business which are comparable to other companies in the senior living industry. Certain claims and lawsuits allege large damage amounts and may require significant costs to defend and resolve. Similarly, the senior living industry is continuously subject to scrutiny by governmental regulators, which could result in litigation related to regulatory compliance matters. As a result, the Company maintains general liability and professional liability insurance policies in amounts and with coverage and deductibles the Company believes are adequate, based on the nature and risks of its business, historical experience and industry standards.
20



10.  Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information

(dollars in thousands):

 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
 
2012
    
2011
  
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
        
Interest paid
  
$
95,795
    
$
90,581
  
Income taxes paid
  
$
1,954
    
$
2,283
  
Write-off of deferred costs
  
$
744
    
$
2,080
  
               
Supplemental Schedule of Non-cash Operating, Investing and Financing Activities:
                
Acquisition of assets, net of related payables and cash received:
                
Cash and escrow deposits-restricted
  
$
3,313
    
$
—
  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    
(2,817
)
    
—
  
Property, plant and equipment and leasehold intangibles, net
    
123,450
      
50,350
  
Other intangible assets, net
    
6,641
      
4,247
  
Other assets, net
    
(7,327
)
    
—
  
Accrued expenses
    
(580
)
    
—
  
Other liabilities
    
3,628
      
—
  
Long-term debt, less current portion
    
(15,000
)
    
—
  
Net
  
$
111,308
    
$
54,597
  
Purchase of Horizon Bay Realty, L.L.C., net of cash acquired:
                
Property, plant and equipment and leasehold intangibles, net
  
$
—
    
$
8,201
  
Cash and escrow deposits—restricted
    
—
      
10,702
  
Accounts receivable, net
    
—
      
2,507
  
Long-term debt, less current portion
    
—
      
(1,821
)
Accrued expenses
    
—
      
(13,911
)
Other liabilities
    
—
      
(6,136
)
Common stock
    
—
      
(1
)
Additional paid-in capital
    
—
      
(1,537
)
Accumulated earnings
    
—
      
(3,520
)
Net
  
$
—
    
$
(5,516
)
Capital leases:
                
Property, plant and equipment and leasehold intangibles, net
  
$
13,852
    
$
—
  
Long-term debt
    
(13,852
)
    
—
  
Net
  
$
—
    
$
—
  
 
11.  Facility Operating Leases

A summary of facility lease expense and the impact of straight-line adjustment and amortization of deferred gains is as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
21
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
    
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
 
2012
    
2011
    
2012
    
2011
  
Cash basis payment
  
$
70,142
    
$
67,584
    
$
211,195
    
$
198,968
  
Straight-line expense
    
2,118
      
1,824
      
5,324
      
5,006
  
Amortization of deferred gain
    
(1,093
)
    
(1,094
)
    
(3,279
)
    
(3,280
)
Facility lease expense
  
$
71,167
    
$
68,314
    
$
213,240
    
$
200,694
  

12.  Income Taxes

The Company's effective tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were each (7.9%) and for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were (7.7%) and (4.1%), respectively.  The effective rates are reflective of the Company's decision to record a valuation allowance against the deferred tax benefit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.   The Company concluded that the additional benefits generated during the period did not meet the more likely than not criteria for realization.  The conclusion was determined solely based on the reversal of current timing differences and did not consider future taxable income to be generated by the Company, as required under generally accepted accounting principles.  The Company continues to maintain that the deferred tax assets recorded as of December 31, 2011, primarily related to net operating losses generated prior to December 31, 2010, are more likely than not to be realized based on the reversal of deferred tax liabilities recorded as of December 31, 2011.  The difference in the effective rate for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was primarily due to the impact of tax credits recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2011.

The Company recorded additional interest charges related to its tax contingency reserve for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.  Tax returns for years 2008 through 2011 are subject to future examination by tax authorities.  The Company's consolidated federal income tax return for 2010 is currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service.  In addition, certain tax returns are open from 2000 through 2007 to the extent of the net operating losses generated during those periods.

13.
Share Repurchase Program

On August 11, 2011, the Company's board of directors approved a share repurchase program that authorizes the Company to purchase up to $100.0 million in the aggregate of the Company's common stock.  Purchases may be made from time to time using a variety of methods, which may include open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or block trades, or by any combination of these methods, in accordance with applicable insider trading and other securities laws and regulations.  The size, scope and timing of any purchases will be based on business, market and other conditions and factors, including price, regulatory and contractual requirements or consents, and capital availability.  The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock and the program may be suspended, modified or discontinued at any time at the Company's discretion without prior notice. Shares of stock repurchased under the program will be held as treasury shares.

No shares were purchased pursuant to this authorization during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012.  As of September 30, 2012, approximately $82.4 million remains available under this share repurchase authorization.

14.
Fair Value Measurements

The following table provides the Company's derivative assets and liabilities and marketable securities - restricted carried at fair value as measured on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2012 (dollars in thousands):
22
 
 
 
 
Total Carrying
Value at
 September 30, 2012
    
 
Quoted prices
in active
markets
(Level 1)
    
Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
    
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
  
Marketable securities - restricted
  
$
34,992
    
$
34,992
    
$
—
    
$
—
  
Derivative liabilities
    
(1,982
)
    
—
      
(1,982
)
    
—
  
 
$
33,010
    
$
34,992
    
$
(1,982
)
  
$
—
  

15.
Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses; for which separate financial information is available; and whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker to assess the performance of the individual segment and make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment.

During the second quarter of 2012, the Company changed the composition of its operating segments from four reportable segments to six reportable segments.  This change was made to align operating segments with the basis that the chief operating decision maker uses to review financial information to make operating decisions, assess performance, develop strategy and allocate capital resources.  All prior period disclosures below have been recast to present results on a comparable basis.

Retirement Centers.  The Company's Retirement Centers segment includes owned or leased communities that are primarily designed for middle to upper income senior citizens age 75 and older who desire an upscale residential environment providing the highest quality of service.  The majority of the Company's retirement center communities consist of both independent living and assisted living units in a single community, which allows residents to "age-in-place" by providing them with a continuum of senior independent and assisted living services.

Assisted Living.  The Company's Assisted Living segment includes owned or leased communities that offer housing and 24-hour assistance with activities of daily life to mid-acuity frail and elderly residents.  Assisted living communities include both freestanding, multi-story communities and freestanding single story communities.  The Company also operates memory care communities, which are freestanding assisted living communities specially designed for residents with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.

CCRCs - Rental.  The Company's CCRCs - Rental segment includes large owned or leased communities that offer a variety of living arrangements and services to accommodate all levels of physical ability and health.  Most of the Company's CCRCs have independent living, assisted living and skilled nursing available on one campus or within the immediate market, and some also include memory care/Alzheimer's units.

CCRCs - Entry Fee.  The communities in the Company's CCRCs - Entry Fee segment are similar to those in the Company's CCRCs - Rental segment but allow for residents in the independent living apartment units to pay a one-time upfront entrance fee, which is partially refundable in certain circumstances.  The amount of the entrance fee varies depending upon the type and size of the dwelling unit, the type of contract plan selected, whether the contract contains a lifecare benefit for the resident, the amount and timing of refund, and other variables.  In addition to the initial entrance fee, residents under all entrance fee agreements also pay a monthly service fee, which entitles them to the use of certain amenities and services.  Since entrance fees are received upon initial occupancy, the monthly fees are generally less than fees at a comparable rental community.

ISC.  The Company's ISC segment includes the outpatient therapy, home health and hospice services provided to residents of many of the Company's communities, to other senior living communities that the Company does not own or operate and to seniors living outside of the Company's communities.  The ISC segment does not include the therapy services provided in the Company's skilled nursing units, which are included in the Company's CCRCs - Rental and CCRCs - Entry Fee segments.
23


Management Services.  The Company's management services segment includes communities operated by the Company pursuant to management agreements.  In some of the cases, the community is owned by third parties and, in other cases, the community is owned in a joint venture structure in which the Company has an ownership interest.  Under the management agreements for these communities, the Company receives management fees as well as reimbursed expenses, which represent the reimbursement of certain expenses it incurs on behalf of the owners.

The accounting policies of the Company's reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.

The following table sets forth certain segment financial and operating data (dollars in thousands):
24

 
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
    
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
 
  
2012
    
2011
    
2012
    
2011
  
Revenue(1)
  
   
   
   
 
Retirement Centers
  
$
126,401
    
$
119,548
    
$
376,726
    
$
350,993
Assisted Living
    
254,179
      
241,037
      
757,930
      
719,930
  
CCRCs - Rental
    
96,681
      
91,628
      
287,051
      
270,444
  
CCRCs - Entry Fee
    
71,750
      
71,571
      
215,001
      
213,804
  
ISC
    
56,856
      
51,375
      
168,432
      
151,946
  
Management Services(2)
    
90,615
      
40,569
      
265,197
      
78,830
  
 
  
$
696,482
    
$
615,728
    
$
2,070,337
    
$
1,785,947
  
Segment operating income(3)
                                
Retirement Centers
  
$
50,722
    
$
49,947
    
$
154,388
    
$
147,448
  
Assisted Living
    
91,162
      
82,104
      
271,891
      
253,826
  
CCRCs - Rental
    
25,100
      
28,957
      
79,883
      
88,661
  
CCRCs - Entry Fee
    
15,501
      
18,339
      
48,497
      
54,117
  
ISC
    
11,915
      
14,398
      
36,730
      
44,455
  
Management Services
    
7,407
      
3,336
      
22,350
      
6,246
  
 
  
 
201,807
    
 
197,081
    
 
613,739
    
 
594,753
  
General and administrative (including non-cash stock-based compensation expense)
    
43,158
      
38,711
      
 
134,202
      
105,935
  
Facility lease expense
    
71,167
      
68,314
      
213,240
      
200,694
  
Depreciation and amortization
    
62,876
      
64,071
      
189,781
      
206,430
  
Asset impairment
    
—
      
—
      
8,329
      
14,846
  
(Gain) loss on acquisition
    
—
      
(3,520
)
    
636
      
(3,520
)
Gain on facility lease termination
    
—
      
—
      
(2,780
)
    
—
  
Income from operations
  
$
24,606
    
$
29,505
    
$
70,331
    
$
70,368
  
 
 
 
As of
  
 
September 30,
2012
    
December 31,
2011
  
Total assets
  
   
 
Retirement Centers
  
$
1,179,203
    
$
1,047,388
  
Assisted Living
    
1,428,812
      
1,451,612
  
CCRCs - Rental
    
557,318
      
546,867
  
CCRCs - Entry Fee
    
966,470
      
994,064
  
ISC
    
95,604
      
78,137
  
Corporate and Management Services
    
360,014
      
347,993
  
   Total assets
  
$
4,587,421
    
$
4,466,061
  

 
(1) All revenue is earned from external third parties in the United States.
(2) Management services segment revenue includes reimbursements for which the Company is the primary obligor of costs incurred on behalf of managed communities.
(3) Segment operating income is defined as segment revenues less segment operating expenses (excluding depreciation and amortization).

25

 
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT UNDER THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995

Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and other information we provide from time to time may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Those forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical statements of fact and those regarding our intent, belief or expectations, including, but not limited to, statements relating to the consummation of the restructuring of the management agreements with Chartwell Seniors Housing Real Estate Investment Trust; statements relating to our operational initiatives and our expectations regarding their effect on our results; our expectations regarding the economy, occupancy, revenue, cash flow, expenses, capital expenditures, Program Max opportunities, cost savings, the demand for senior housing, the home resale market, expansion and development activity, acquisition opportunities, asset dispositions, our share repurchase program, capital deployment and taxes; our belief regarding the value of our common stock and our growth prospects; our ability to secure financing or repay, replace or extend existing debt at or prior to maturity; our ability to remain in compliance with all of our debt and lease agreements (including the financial covenants contained therein); our expectations regarding liquidity; our plans to deleverage; our expectations regarding financings and refinancings of assets (including the timing thereof) and their effect on our results; our expectations regarding changes in government reimbursement programs and their effect on our results; our plans to generate growth organically through occupancy improvements, increases in annual rental rates and the achievement of operating efficiencies and cost savings; our plans to expand our offering of ancillary services (therapy, home health and hospice); our plans to expand, redevelop and reposition existing communities; our plans to acquire additional communities, asset portfolios, operating companies and home health agencies; the expected project costs for our expansion, redevelopment and repositioning program; our expected levels of expenditures and reimbursements (and the timing thereof); our expectations for the performance of our entrance fee communities; our ability to anticipate, manage and address industry trends and their effect on our business; our expectations regarding the payment of dividends; and our ability to increase revenues, earnings, Adjusted EBITDA, Cash From Facility Operations, and/or Facility Operating Income (as such terms are defined herein). Words such as "anticipate(s)", "expect(s)", "intend(s)", "plan(s)", "target(s)", "project(s)", "predict(s)", "believe(s)", "may", "will", "would", "could", "should", "seek(s)", "estimate(s)" and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are based on management's current expectations and beliefs and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could lead to actual results differing materially from those projected, forecasted or expected. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that our expectations will be attained. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects or which could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations include, but are not limited to, the risk that we may not be able to satisfy the conditions and successfully complete the Chartwell management agreement restructuring; the risk that we may not be able to successfully integrate the new Horizon Bay communities into our operations; our determination from time to time to purchase any shares under the repurchase program; our ability to fund any repurchases; the risk associated with the current global economic crisis and its impact upon capital markets and liquidity; our inability to extend (or refinance) debt (including our credit and letter of credit facilities) as it matures; the risk that we may not be able to satisfy the conditions precedent to exercising the extension options associated with certain of our debt agreements; events which adversely affect the ability of seniors to afford our monthly resident fees or entrance fees; the conditions of housing markets in certain geographic areas; our ability to generate sufficient cash flow to cover required interest and long-term operating lease payments; the effect of our indebtedness and long-term operating leases on our liquidity; the risk of loss of property pursuant to our mortgage debt and long-term lease obligations; the possibilities that changes in the capital markets, including changes in interest rates and/or credit spreads, or other factors could make financing more expensive or unavailable to us; changes in governmental reimbursement programs; our ability to effectively manage our growth; our ability to maintain consistent quality control; delays in obtaining regulatory approvals; the risk that we may not be able to expand, redevelop and reposition our communities in accordance with our plans; our ability to complete acquisitions and integrate them into our operations; competition for the acquisition of assets; our ability to obtain additional capital on terms acceptable to us; a decrease in the overall demand for senior housing; our vulnerability to economic downturns; acts of nature in certain geographic areas; terminations of our resident agreements and vacancies in the living spaces we lease; early terminations or non-renewal of management agreements; increased competition for skilled personnel; increased union activity; departure of our key officers; increases in market interest rates; environmental

contamination at any of our facilities; failure to comply with existing environmental laws; an adverse determination or resolution of complaints filed against us; the cost and difficulty of complying with increasing and evolving regulation; and other risks detailed from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, press releases and other communications, including those set forth under "Risk Factors" included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 and in this Quarterly Report.  Such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We expressly disclaim any obligation to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any statement is based.

Executive Overview

Our primary long-term growth objectives are to grow our revenues, Adjusted EBITDA, Cash From Facility Operations and Facility Operating Income primarily through a combination of: (i) organic growth in our core business, including occupancy growth, increases in the average monthly revenue per unit, expense control and the realization of economies of scale; (ii) continued expansion of our ancillary services programs (including therapy, home health and hospice services); (iii) expansion, redevelopment and repositioning of existing communities; and (iv) acquisition and consolidation of asset portfolios and other senior living companies.

The tables below present a summary of our operating results and certain other financial metrics for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 and the amount and percentage of increase or decrease of each applicable item (dollars in millions).

 
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
    
Increase
(Decrease)
  
 
  
2012
    
2011
    
Amount
    
Percent
  
Total revenues
  
$
696.5
    
$
615.7
    
$
80.8
      
13.1
%
Net loss
  
$
(12.0
)
   $
(7.0
)
  
$
5.0
      
70.7
%
Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
106.8
     $ 
99.8
    
$
7.1
      
7.1
%
Cash From Facility Operations
  
$
61.5
     $ 
60.1
    
$
1.4
      
2.3
%
Facility Operating Income
  
$
187.6
     $
187.2
    
$
0.4
      
0.2
%


 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    
Increase
(Decrease)
  
 
2012
    
2011
    
Amount
    
Percent
  
Total revenues
  
$
2,070.3
    
$
1,785.9
    
$
284.4
      
15.9
%
Net loss
  
$
(41.2
)
   $ 
(53.3
)
  
$
(12.1
)
    
(22.8
%)
Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
307.9
     $
306.3
    
$
1.6
      
0.5
%
Cash From Facility Operations
  
$
177.5
     $ 
183.2
    
$
(5.6
)
    
(3.1
%)
Facility Operating Income
  
$
571.5
     $
569.6
    
$
1.9
      
0.3
%

Adjusted EBITDA and Facility Operating Income are non-GAAP financial measures we use in evaluating our operating performance. Cash From Facility Operations is a non-GAAP financial measure we use in evaluating our liquidity. See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below for an explanation of how we define each of these measures,
a detailed description of why we believe such measures are useful and the limitations of each measure, a reconciliation of net loss to each of Adjusted EBITDA and Facility Operating Income and a reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities to Cash From Facility Operations.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we experienced an increase in our total revenues, primarily due to the addition of leased and managed communities from the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions in the third quarter of 2011, along with increases in occupancy and average monthly revenue per unit, including an increase in our ancillary services revenue.  Total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 increased to $2.1 billion, an increase of $284.4 million, or 15.9%, over our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2011.  Resident and management fee revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 increased $114.1 million, or 6.7%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2011.  Revenue from reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of

managed communities increased $170.3 million, or 234.6%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to the management agreements entered into or acquired in conjunction with the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions during the third quarter of 2011.  In connection with these transactions, we added to our portfolio 12 leased communities and 78 managed communities (after giving effect to our subsequent acquisition of one of the managed communities in the fourth quarter of 2011).

The increase in resident fees during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily a result of an increase in the average monthly revenue per unit compared to the prior year period, including growing revenues from our ancillary services programs, an increase in occupancy and a 2.9% increase in consolidated units operated.  Our weighted average occupancy rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was 87.8% and 87.1%, respectively.  Although we have made significant progress in many areas of our business, the difficult operating environment has continued to result in occupancy rates that are lower than historical levels and diminished growth in the rates we charge our residents.

Beginning October 1, 2011, we were impacted by a reduction in the reimbursement rates for Medicare skilled nursing patients and home health patients, as well as a negative change in the allowable method for delivering therapy services to skilled nursing patients (resulting in increased therapy labor expense).  The cumulative negative financial impact of these changes increased our expense and decreased our revenue, Facility Operating Income, Adjusted EBITDA and Cash From Facility Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.

During the three months ended September 30, 2012, our Adjusted EBITDA, Cash From Facility Operations and Facility Operating Income increased by 7.1%, 2.3% and 0.2%, respectively, when compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, our Adjusted EBITDA and Facility Operating Income increased by 0.5% and 0.3%, respectively, and Cash From Facility Operations decreased by 3.1%, when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2011.

During the second quarter of 2012, we changed the composition of our operating segments from four reportable segments to six reportable segments (Retirement Centers, Assisted Living, CCRCs - Rental, CCRCs - Entry Fee, ISC and Management Services) (Note 15).  This change was made to align operating segments with the basis that the chief operating decision maker uses to review financial information to make operating decisions, assess performance, develop strategy and allocate capital resources.  All prior period disclosures below have been recast to present results on a comparable basis.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we acquired the underlying real estate associated with nine Retirement Center communities that were previously leased for an aggregate purchase price of $121.3 million.  During the period, we also acquired three home health agencies and an existing skilled nursing facility for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $6.6 million.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we continued to expand our ancillary services offerings.  As of September 30, 2012, we offered therapy services to approximately 50,600 of our units and home health services to over 45,200 of our units (approximately 38,000 and 32,700 of these units, respectively, are in our consolidated portfolio).   We expect to continue to expand our ancillary services programs to additional units and to open or acquire additional home health agencies.

We believe that the recent challenge in the housing market, credit crisis and general economic uncertainty have caused some potential customers (or their adult children) to delay or reconsider moving into our communities, resulting in a decrease in occupancy rates and occupancy levels when compared to historical levels.  We remain cautious about the economy and the adverse credit and financial markets and their effect on our customers and our business.  In addition, we continue to experience volatility in the entrance fee portion of our business.  The timing of entrance fee sales is subject to a number of different factors (including the ability of potential customers to sell their existing homes) and is also inherently subject to variability (positively or negatively) when measured over the short-term.  These factors also impact our potential independent living customers to a significant extent.  We expect occupancy and entrance fee sales to normalize over the longer term.

Consolidated Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30, 2012 and 2011

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, statement of operations items and the amount and percentage of increase or decrease of these items. The results of operations for any particular period are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period. The following data should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes, which are included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 (dollars in thousands, except average monthly revenue per unit)
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
          
 
2012
    
2011
    
Increase
 (Decrease)
    
% Increase
 (Decrease)
  
               
Statement of Operations Data:
                
Revenue
  
   
   
   
 
Resident fees
  
   
   
   
 
Retirement Centers
  
$
126,401
    
$
119,548
    
$
6,853
      
5.7
%
Assisted Living
    
254,179
      
241,037
      
13,142
      
5.5
%
CCRCs - Rental
    
96,681
      
91,628
      
5,053
      
5.5
%
CCRCs - Entry Fee
    
71,750
      
71,571
      
179
      
0.3
%
ISC
    
56,856
      
51,375
      
5,481
      
10.7
%
Total resident fees
    
605,867
      
575,159
      
30,708
      
5.3
%
Management services(1)
    
90,615
      
40,569
      
50,046
      
123.4
%
Total revenue
    
696,482
      
615,728
      
80,754
      
13.1
%
Expense
                                
Facility operating expense
                                
Retirement Centers
    
75,679
      
69,601
      
6,078
      
8.7
%
Assisted Living
    
163,017
      
158,933
      
4,084
      
2.6
%
CCRCs - Rental
    
71,581
      
62,671
      
8,910
      
14.2
%
CCRCs - Entry Fee
    
56,249
      
53,232
      
3,017
      
5.7
%
ISC
    
44,941
      
36,977
      
7,964
      
21.5
%
Total facility operating expense
    
411,467
      
381,414
      
30,053
      
7.9
%
General and administrative expense
    
43,158
      
38,711
      
4,447
      
11.5
%
Facility lease expense
    
71,167
      
68,314
      
2,853
      
4.2
%
Depreciation and amortization
    
62,876
      
64,071
      
(1,195
)
    
(1.9
%)
Gain on acquisition
    
−−
      
(3,520
)
    
(3,520
)
    
(100.0
%)
Costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
    
83,208
      
37,233
      
45,975
      
123.5
%
Total operating expense
    
671,876
      
586,223
      
85,653
      
14.6
%
Income from operations
    
24,606
      
29,505
      
(4,899
)
    
(16.6
%)
Interest income
    
676
      
1,171
      
(495
)
    
(42.3
%)
Interest expense
                                
Debt
    
(32,262
)
    
(30,433
)
    
1,829
      
6.0
%
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount
    
(4,543
)
    
(4,310
)
    
233
      
5.4
%
Change in fair value of derivatives and amortization
    
140
      
(1,508
)
    
(1,648
 )     
(109.3
%)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    
−−
      
(715
)
    
(715
)
    
(100.0
%)
Equity in loss of unconsolidated ventures
    
(249
)
    
(117
)
    
132
      
112.8
%
Other non-operating income (loss)
    
500
      
(116
)
    
616
      
531.0
%
 
29
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
                  
   
2012
      
2011
    
Increase
 (Decrease)
    
% Increase
 (Decrease)
  
Loss before income taxes
    
(11,132
)
    
(6,523
)
    
4,609
      
70.7
%
Provision for income taxes
    
(878
)
    
(513
)
    
365
      
71.2
%
Net loss
  
$
(12,010
)
  
$
(7,036
)
  
$
4,974
      
70.7
%
 
                                
Selected Operating and Other Data:
                                
Total number of communities (period end)
    
648
      
647
      
1
      
0.2
%
Total units operated(2)
                                
Period end
    
66,110
      
66,178
      
(68
)
    
(0.1
%)
Weighted average
    
66,090
      
55,440
      
10,650
      
19.2
%
Owned/leased communities units(2)
                                
Period end
    
48,013
      
47,752
      
261
      
0.5
%
Weighted average
    
48,009
      
46,791
      
1,218
      
2.6
%
Owned/leased communities occupancy rate  (weighted average)
    
88.0
%
    
87.4
%
    
0.6
%
    
0.7
%
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
4,279
    
$
4,214
    
$
65
      
1.5
%
 
                                
Selected Segment Operating and Other Data:
                                
Retirement Centers
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
76
      
76
      
—
      
—
  
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
14,438
      
14,464
      
(26
)
    
(0.2
%)
Weighted average
    
14,445
      
14,131
      
314
      
2.2
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
89.1
%
    
88.4
%
    
0.7
%
    
0.8
%
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
3,275
    
$
3,186
    
$
89
      
2.8
%
Assisted Living
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
434
      
433
      
1
      
0.2
%
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
21,655
      
21,524
      
131
      
0.6
%
Weighted average
    
21,652
      
21,265
      
387
      
1.8
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
89.1
%
    
88.4
%
    
0.7
%
    
0.8
%
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
4,393
    
$
4,274
    
$
119
      
2.8
%
CCRCs - Rental
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
27
      
26
      
1
      
3.8
%
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
6,691
      
6,607
      
84
      
1.3
%
Weighted average
    
6,691
      
6,243
      
448
      
7.2
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
85.8
%
    
86.3
%
    
(0.5
%)
    
(0.6
%)
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
5,619
    
$
5,672
    
$
(53
)
    
(0.9
%)
CCRCs - Entry Fee
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
14
      
14
      
—
      
—
  
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
5,229
      
5,157
      
72
      
1.4
%
Weighted average
    
5,221
      
5,152
      
69
      
1.3
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
83.4
%
    
82.2
%
    
1.2
%
    
1.5
%
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
4,975
    
$
5,124
    
$
(149
)
    
(2.9
%)



 
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
    
   
 
 
  
2012
    
2011
    
Increase
(Decrease)
    
% Increase
(Decrease)
  
Other Entry Fee Data
  
   
   
   
 
Non-refundable entrance fees sales
  
$
12,926
    
$
10,815
    
$
2,111
      
19.5
%
Refundable entrance fees sales(4)
    
12,206
      
7,204
      
5,002
      
69.4
%
Total entrance fee receipts
    
25,132
      
18,019
      
7,113
      
39.5
%
Refunds
    
(6,024
)
    
(5,475
)
    
549
      
10.0
%
Net entrance fees(5)
  
$
19,108
    
$
12,544
    
$
6,564
      
52.3
%
Management Services
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
97
      
98
      
(1
)
    
(1.0
%)
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
18,097
      
18,426
      
(329
)
    
(1.8
%)
Weighted average
    
18,081
      
8,649
      
9,432
      
109.1
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
84.3
%
    
84.3
%
    
0.0
%
    
0.0
%
 
                                
ISC
                                
Brookdale units served
                                
Outpatient Therapy (total)
    
50,556
      
41,783
      
8,773
      
21.0
%
Outpatient Therapy (consolidated)
    
38,016
      
35,761
      
2,255
      
6.3
%
Home Health (total)
    
45,247
      
31,322
      
13,925
      
44.5
%
Home Health (consolidated)
    
32,650
      
28,347
      
4,303
      
15.2
%
Outpatient Therapy treatment codes
    
939,241
      
848,205
      
91,036
      
10.7
%
Home Health average census
    
3,651
      
3,379
      
272
      
8.0
%
__________
(1) Management services segment revenue includes reimbursements for which we are the primary obligor of costs incurred on behalf of managed communities.
(2) Period end units operated excludes equity homes.  Weighted average units operated represents the average units operated during the period, excluding equity homes.
(3) Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit represents the average of the total monthly resident fee revenues, excluding amortization of entrance fees and ISC segment revenue, divided by average occupied units.
(4) Refundable entrance fee sales for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 include amounts received from residents participating in the MyChoice program, which allows new and existing residents the option to pay additional refundable entrance fee amounts in return for a reduced monthly service fee.  MyChoice amounts received from residents totaled $2.4 million and $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
(5) Includes $1.6 million and $2.3 million of first generation net entrance fee receipts (which represent initial entrance fees received from the sale of units, net of first generation entrance fee refunds not replaced by second generation entrance fee receipts, at a recently opened entrance fee CCRC) during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

As of September 30, 2012, our total operations included 648 communities with a capacity of 66,948 units, including equity homes.

Resident Fees

Resident fees increased over the prior year period primarily as a result of an increase in the average monthly revenue per unit compared to the prior year period, including growing revenues from our ancillary services programs, an

increase in occupancy and a 2.6% increase in consolidated units operated.  During the current period, revenues grew 2.0% at the 535 communities we operated during both periods with a 1.3% increase in the average monthly revenue per unit (excluding amortization of entrance fees in both instances).  Occupancy increased 0.7% in these communities period over period.

Retirement Centers revenue increased $6.9 million, or 5.7%, primarily due to the inclusion of revenue from communities acquired during the prior year period and increases in occupancy and average monthly revenue per unit at the communities we operated during both periods.

Assisted Living revenue increased $13.1 million, or 5.5%, primarily due to the inclusion of revenue from communities acquired during the prior year period and increases in occupancy and average monthly revenue per unit at the communities we operated during both periods.

CCRCs - Rental revenue increased $5.1 million, or 5.5%, primarily due to the inclusion of revenues from communities acquired during the prior year period.  The increase was partially offset by decreases in the average monthly revenue per unit and occupancy at the communities we operated during both periods.  Revenue for the CCRCs - Rental segment was also impacted by a reduction in the reimbursement rate for Medicare skilled nursing patients.

CCRCs - Entry Fee revenue increased $0.2 million, or 0.3%, primarily due to an increase in occupancy at the communities we operated during both periods.  The increase was partially offset by a decrease in the average monthly revenue per unit at the communities we operated during both periods.  Revenue for the CCRCs - Entry Fee segment was also impacted by a reduction in the reimbursement rate for Medicare skilled nursing patients.

ISC revenue increased $5.5 million, or 10.7%, primarily due to the roll-out of our ancillary services programs to additional units subsequent to the prior year period.  The increase was partially offset by a reduction in Medicare reimbursement rates.

Management Services

Management services revenue, including reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities, increased $50.0 million, or 123.4%, primarily due to the management agreements entered into or acquired in conjunction with the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions that occurred during the third quarter of 2011.

Facility Operating Expense

Facility operating expense increased over the prior-year period primarily due to the inclusion of expenses from communities acquired during the prior year period and additional current year expense incurred in connection with the continued expansion of our ancillary services programs during 2012 and 2011, as well as an increase in salaries and wages.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in workers compensation expense recorded in the current year period.

Retirement Centers operating expenses increased $6.1 million, or 8.7%, primarily due to the inclusion of expenses from communities acquired during the prior year period, as well as increases in salaries and wages due to wage rate increases and an increase in hours worked period over period.  There was also an increase in real estate tax expense.  These increases were partially offset by decreases in workers compensation and bonus expense in the current year period.

Assisted Living operating expenses increased $4.1 million, or 2.6%, primarily due to the inclusion of expenses from communities acquired during the prior year period. There was also an increase in salaries and wages and an increase in employee benefits expense.

CCRCs - Rental operating expenses increased $8.9 million, or 14.2%, primarily due to the inclusion of expenses from communities acquired during the prior year period, as well as an increase in salaries and wages due to wage rate increases and an increase in skilled therapy services expense due to a negative change in the allowable method

for delivering therapy services to skilled nursing patients.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in workers compensation expense recorded in the current year period.

CCRCs - Entry Fee operating expenses increased $3.0 million, or 5.7%, primarily driven by an increase in salaries and wages due to wage rate increases and an increase in hours worked period over period. There were also increases in overtime expense and real estate tax expense.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in deferred community fee expense from the prior year period.

ISC operating expenses increased $8.0 million, or 21.5%, primarily due to an increase in expenses incurred in connection with the continued expansion of our ancillary services programs and an increase in therapy direct labor expenses.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense increased $4.4 million, or 11.5%, primarily as a result of an increase in the number of employees in connection with the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions that occurred during the third quarter of 2011 and an increase in non-cash stock-based compensation expense.  The increase was partially offset by a decrease in integration, transaction-related and electronic medical records ("EMR") roll-out costs. General and administrative expense as a percentage of total revenue, including revenue generated by the communities we manage and excluding non-cash stock-based compensation expense and integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs, was 4.3% and 4.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, calculated as follows (dollars in thousands):
 

 
Three Months Ended September 30,
  
 
2012
    
2011
  
               
Resident fee revenues
  
$
605,867
      
79.6
%
  
$
575,159
      
88.3
%
Resident fee revenues under management
    
154,875
      
20.4
%
    
76,187
      
11.7
%
Total
  
$
760,742
      
100.0
%
  
$
651,346
      
100.0
%
General and administrative expenses (excluding non-cash stock-based compensation expense and integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs)
  
$
32,513
      
4.3
%
  
$
28,022
      
4.3
%
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense
    
6,021
      
0.8
%
    
5,221
      
0.8
%
Integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs
    
4,624
      
0.6
%
    
5,468
      
0.8
%
General and administrative expenses (including non-cash stock-based compensation expense and integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs)
  
$
43,158
      
5.7
%
  
$
38,711
      
5.9
%

Facility Lease Expense

Facility lease expense increased $2.9 million, or 4.2%, primarily as a result of the acquisition of 12 leased communities in connection with the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions that occurred in the third quarter of 2011, as well as increases due to normal rent escalators. These increases were partially offset by decreased lease expense as a result of the purchase of nine previously leased communities in the first quarter of 2012.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $1.2 million, or 1.9%, primarily as a result of management contracts and therapy services intangibles related to a 2006 acquisition becoming fully amortized during the prior year period.


Gain on Acquisition

During the three months ended September 30, 2011, we recognized $3.5 million as a gain on acquisition related to the acquisition of Horizon Bay.

Costs Incurred on Behalf of Managed Communities

Costs incurred on behalf of managed communities increased $46.0 million primarily due to new management agreements entered into or acquired in conjunction with the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions.

Interest Income

Interest income decreased by $0.5 million, or 42.3%, primarily due to decreased interest earned on our restricted cash accounts.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $0.4 million, or 1.1%, primarily due to increased interest expense related to our line of credit, which had a higher average outstanding balance drawn period over period.  This increase was partially offset by a decrease in interest expense recorded from the change in the fair value of interest rate swaps due to fewer swap instruments in place during the current period.

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were each (7.9%).  The rates reflect our decision to record a valuation allowance against the deferred tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.  We concluded that the additional benefits generated during the period did not meet the more likely than not criteria for realization.  The conclusion was determined solely based on the reversal of current timing differences and did not consider future taxable income to be generated by the Company, as required under generally accepted accounting principles.  We continue to maintain that the deferred tax assets recorded as of December 31, 2011, primarily related to net operating losses generated prior to December 31, 2010, are more likely than not to be realized based on the reversal of deferred tax liabilities recorded as of December 31, 2011.

An additional interest charge related to our tax contingency reserve was recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2012.  Tax returns for years 2008 through 2011 are subject to future examination by tax authorities.  Our consolidated federal income tax return for 2010 is currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service.  In addition, certain tax returns are open from 2000 through 2007 to the extent of the net operating losses generated during those periods.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012 and 2011

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, statement of operations items and the amount and percentage of increase or decrease of these items. The results of operations for any particular period are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period. The following data should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes, which are included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


 (dollars in thousands, except average monthly revenue per unit)
 
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
          
 
2012
    
2011
    
Increase
 (Decrease)
    
% Increase
 (Decrease)
  
               
Statement of Operations Data:
                
Revenue
  
   
   
   
 
Resident fees
  
   
   
   
 
Retirement Centers
  
$
376,726
    
$
350,993
    
$
25,733
      
7.3
%
Assisted Living
    
757,930
      
719,930
      
38,000
      
5.3
%
CCRCs - Rental
    
287,051
      
270,444
      
16,607
      
6.1
%
CCRCs - Entry Fee
    
215,001
      
213,804
      
1,197
      
0.8
%
ISC
    
168,432
      
151,946
      
16,486
      
10.8
%
Total resident fees
    
1,805,140
      
1,707,117
      
98,023
      
5.7
%
Management services(1)
    
265,197
      
78,830
      
186,367
      
236.4
%
Total revenue
    
2,070,337
      
1,785,947
      
284,390
      
15.9
%
Expense
                                
Facility operating expense
                                
Retirement Centers
    
222,338
      
203,545
      
18,793
      
9.2
%
Assisted Living
    
486,039
      
466,104
      
19,935
      
4.3
%
CCRCs - Rental
    
207,168
      
181,783
      
25,385
      
14.0
%
CCRCs - Entry Fee
    
166,504
      
159,687
      
6,817
      
4.3
%
ISC
    
131,702
      
107,491
      
24,211
      
22.5
%
Total facility operating expense
    
1,213,751
      
1,118,610
      
95,141
      
8.5
%
General and administrative expense
    
134,202
      
105,935
      
28,267
      
26.7
%
Facility lease expense
    
213,240
      
200,694
      
12,546
      
6.3
%
Depreciation and amortization
    
189,781
      
206,430
      
(16,649
)
    
(8.1
%)
Asset impairment
    
8,329
      
14,846
      
(6,517
)
    
(43.9
%)
Loss (gain) on acquisition
    
636
      
(3,520
)
    
4,156
      
118.1
%
Gain on facility lease termination
    
(2,780
)
    
—
      
2,780
      
100.0
%
Costs incurred on behalf of managed communities
    
242,847
      
72,584
      
170,263
      
234.6
%
Total operating expense
    
2,000,006
      
1,715,579
      
284,427
      
16.6
%
Income from operations
    
70,331
      
70,368
      
(37
)
    
(0.1
%)
Interest income
    
2,220
      
2,569
      
(349
)
    
(13.6
%)
Interest expense
                                
Debt
    
(96,743
)
    
(92,667
)
    
4,076
      
4.4
%
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount
    
(13,602
)
    
(9,024
)
    
4,578
      
50.7
%
Change in fair value of derivatives and amortization
    
(371
)
    
(4,151
)
    
(3,780
)
    
(91.1
%)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    
(221
)
    
(18,863
)
    
(18,642
)
    
(98.8
%)
Equity in (loss) earnings of unconsolidated ventures
    
(211
)
    
295
      
(506
)
    
(171.5
%)
Other non-operating income
    
392
      
260
      
132
      
50.8
%
Loss before income taxes
    
(38,205
)
    
(51,213
)
    
(13,008
)
    
(25.4
%)
Provision for income taxes
    
(2,953
)
    
(2,087
)
    
866
      
41.5
%
Net loss
  
$
(41,158
)
  
$
(53,300
)
  
$
(12,142
)
    
(22.8
%)
 
                                


 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
          
 
2012
    
2011
    
Increase
 (Decrease)
    
% Increase
 (Decrease)
  
 
Selected Operating and Other Data:
  
   
   
   
 
Total number of communities (period end)
    
648
      
647
      
1
      
0.2
%
Total units operated(2)
                                
Period end
    
66,110
      
66,178
      
(68
)
    
(0.1
%)
Weighted average
    
66,105
      
52,009
      
14,096
      
27.1
%
Owned/leased communities units(2)
                                
Period end
    
48,013
      
47,752
      
261
      
0.5
%
Weighted average
    
47,946
      
46,603
      
1,343
      
2.9
%
Owned/leased communities occupancy rate  (weighted average)
    
87.8
%
    
87.1
%
    
0.7
%
    
0.8
%
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
4,267
    
$
4,205
    
$
62
      
1.5
%
 
                                
Selected Segment Operating and Other Data:
                                
Retirement Centers
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
76
      
76
      
−−
      
−−
  
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
14,438
      
14,464
      
(26
)
    
(0.2
%)
Weighted average
    
14,449
      
14,095
      
354
      
2.5
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
88.9
%
    
87.7
%
    
1.2
%
    
1.4
%
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
3,259
    
$
3,155
    
$
104
      
3.3
%
Assisted Living
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
434
      
433
      
1
      
0.2
%
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
21,655
      
21,524
      
131
      
0.6
%
Weighted average
    
21,641
      
21,235
      
406
      
1.9
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
88.7
%
    
88.0
%
    
0.7
%
    
0.8
%
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
4,387
    
$
4,281
    
$
106
      
2.5
%
CCRCs - Rental
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
27
      
26
      
1
      
3.8
%
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
6,691
      
6,607
      
84
      
1.3
%
Weighted average
    
6,659
      
6,129
      
530
      
8.6
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
86.0
%
    
86.6
%
    
(0.6
%)
    
(0.7
%)
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
5,571
    
$
5,666
    
$
(95
)
    
(1.7
%)
CCRCs - Entry Fee
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
14
      
14
      
−−
      
−−
  
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
5,229
      
5,157
      
72
      
1.4
%
Weighted average
    
5,197
      
5,144
      
53
      
1.0
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
83.5
%
    
82.5
%
    
1.0
%
    
1.2
%
Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit (3)
  
$
4,998
    
$
5,103
      
(105
)
    
(2.1
%)


 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
          
 
2012
    
2011
    
Increase
 (Decrease)
    
% Increase
 (Decrease)
  
 
Other Entry Fee Data
  
   
   
   
 
Non-refundable entrance fees sales
  
$
30,303
    
$
26,475
    
$
3,828
      
14.5
%
Refundable entrance fees sales(4)
    
29,512
      
18,594
      
10,918
      
58.7
%
Total entrance fee receipts
    
59,815
      
45,069
      
14,746
      
32.7
%
Refunds
    
(19,555
)
    
(16,886
)
    
2,669
      
15.8
%
Net entrance fees(5)
  
$
40,260
    
$
28,183
    
$
12,077
      
42.9
%
Management Services
                                
Number of communities (period end)
    
97
      
98
      
(1
)
    
(1.0
%)
Total units (2)
                                
Period end
    
18,097
      
18,426
      
(329
)
    
(1.8
%)
Weighted average
    
18,159
      
5,406
      
12,753
      
235.9
%
Occupancy rate (weighted average)
    
84.2
%
    
84.5
%
    
(0.3
%)
    
(0.4
%)
 
                                
ISC
                                
Brookdale units served
                                
Outpatient Therapy (total)
    
50,556
      
41,783
      
8,773
      
21.0
%
Outpatient Therapy (consolidated)
    
38,016
      
35,761
      
2,255
      
6.3
%
Home Health (total)
    
45,247
      
31,322
      
13,925
      
44.5
%
Home Health (consolidated)
    
32,650
      
28,347
      
4,303
      
15.2
%
Outpatient Therapy treatment codes
    
2,804,421
      
2,489,866
      
314,555
      
12.6
%
Home Health average census
    
3,550
      
3,281
      
269
      
8.2
%
__________
(1) Management services segment revenue includes reimbursements for which we are the primary obligor of costs incurred on behalf of managed communities.
(2) Period end units operated excludes equity homes.  Weighted average units operated represents the average units operated during the period, excluding equity homes.
(3) Senior Housing average monthly revenue per unit represents the average of the total monthly resident fee revenues, excluding amortization of entrance fees and ISC segment revenue, divided by average occupied units.
(4) Refundable entrance fee sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 include amounts received from residents participating in the MyChoice program, which allows new and existing residents the option to pay additional refundable entrance fee amounts in return for a reduced monthly service fee.  MyChoice amounts received from residents totaled $8.4 million and $5.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
(5) Includes $3.6 million and $7.2 million of first generation net entrance fee receipts (which represent initial entrance fees received from the sale of units, net of first generation entrance fee refunds not replaced by second generation entrance fee receipts, at a recently opened entrance fee CCRC) during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Resident Fees

Resident fees increased over the prior year period primarily as a result of an increase in the average monthly revenue per unit compared to the prior year period, including growing revenues from our ancillary services programs, an increase in occupancy and a 2.9% increase in consolidated units operated.  During the current period, revenues grew

2.0% at the 532 communities we operated during both periods with a 1.2% increase in the average monthly revenue per unit (excluding amortization of entrance fees in both instances).  Occupancy increased 0.7% in these communities period over period.

Retirement Centers revenue increased $25.7 million, or 7.3%, primarily due to the inclusion of revenue from communities acquired during the prior year period and increases in occupancy and average monthly revenue per unit at the communities we operated during both periods.

Assisted Living revenue increased $38.0 million, or 5.3%, primarily due to the inclusion of revenue from communities acquired during the prior year period and increases in occupancy and average monthly revenue per unit at the communities we operated during both periods.

CCRCs - Rental revenue increased $16.6 million, or 6.1%, primarily due to the inclusion of revenue from communities acquired during the prior year period.  The increase was partially offset by decreases in the average monthly revenue per unit and occupancy at the communities we operated during both periods.  Revenue for the CCRCs - Rental segment was also impacted by a reduction in the reimbursement rate for Medicare skilled nursing patients.

CCRCs - Entry Fee revenue increased $1.2 million, or 0.8%, primarily due to an increase in occupancy at the communities we operated during both periods.  The increase was partially offset by a decrease in the average monthly revenue per unit at the communities we operated during both periods.  Revenue for the CCRCs - Entry Fee segment was also impacted by a reduction in the reimbursement rate for Medicare skilled nursing patients.

ISC revenue increased $16.5 million, or 10.8%, primarily due to the roll-out of our ancillary services programs to additional units subsequent to the prior year period.  The increase was partially offset by a reduction in Medicare reimbursement rates.

Management Services

Management services revenue, including reimbursed costs incurred on behalf of managed communities, increased $186.4 million, or 236.4%, primarily due to the management agreements entered into or acquired in conjunction with the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions that occurred during the third quarter of 2011.

Facility Operating Expense

Facility operating expense increased over the prior year period primarily due to the inclusion of expenses from communities acquired during the prior year period and additional current year expense incurred in connection with the continued expansion of our ancillary services programs during 2012 and 2011, as well as an increase in salaries and wages.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in utilities expense as a result of milder weather in the current year period.

Retirement Centers operating expenses increased $18.8 million, or 9.2%, primarily due to the inclusion of expenses from communities acquired during the prior year period, as well as increases in salaries and wages due to wage rate increases and an increase in hours worked period over period.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in utilities expense as a result of milder weather in the current year period.

Assisted Living operating expenses increased $19.9 million, or 4.3%, primarily due to the inclusion of expenses from communities acquired during the prior year period, as well as an increase in salaries and wages due to wage rate increases and an increase in hours worked period over period.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in utilities expense as a result of milder weather in the current year period.

CCRCs - Rental operating expenses increased $25.4 million, or 14.0%, primarily due to the inclusion of expenses from communities acquired during the prior year period, an increase in salaries and wages due to wage rate increases and an increase in hours worked period over period, and an increase in skilled therapy services expense due to a negative change in the allowable method for delivering therapy services to skilled nursing patients.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in utilities expense.


CCRCs - Entry Fee operating expenses increased $6.8 million, or 4.3%, primarily due to an increase in salaries and wages due to wage rate increases and an increase in hours worked period over period, as well as an increase in skilled therapy services expenses due to a negative change in the allowable method for delivering therapy services to skilled nursing patients.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in bad debt expense.

ISC operating expenses increased $24.2 million, or 22.5%, primarily due to an increase in expenses incurred in connection with the continued expansion of our ancillary services programs and an increase in therapy direct labor expenses.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense increased $28.3 million, or 26.7%, primarily as a result of an increase in the number of employees in connection with the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions that occurred during the third quarter of 2011, an increase in integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs, and an increase in non-cash stock-based compensation expense.  General and administrative expense as a percentage of total revenue, including revenue generated by the communities we manage and excluding non-cash stock-based compensation expense and integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs, was 4.4% and 4.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, calculated as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
  
 
2012
    
2011
  
               
Resident fee revenues
  
$
1,805,140
      
79.5
%
  
$
1,707,117
      
91.9
%
Resident fee revenues under management
    
464,677
      
20.5
%
    
149,461
      
8.1
%
Total
  
$
2,269,817
      
100.0
%
  
$
1,856,578
      
100.0
%
General and administrative expenses (excluding non-cash stock-based compensation expense and integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs)
  
$
98,801
      
4.4
%
  
$
85,257
      
4.6
%
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense
    
19,185
      
0.8
%
    
14,316
      
0.8
%
Integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs
    
16,216
      
0.7
%
    
6,362
      
0.3
%
General and administrative expenses (including non-cash stock-based compensation expense and integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs)
  
$
134,202
      
5.9
%
  
$
105,935
      
5.7
%

Facility Lease Expense

Facility lease expense increased $12.5 million, or 6.3%, primarily as a result of the acquisition of 12 leased communities in connection with the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions that occurred in the third quarter of 2011, as well as increases due to normal rent escalators. These increases were partially offset by decreased lease expense as a result of the purchase of nine previously leased communities in the current year period.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $16.6 million, or 8.1%, primarily as a result of management contracts and therapy services intangibles related to a 2006 acquisition becoming fully amortized in 2011.

Asset Impairment

During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we recognized $8.3 million of impairment charges primarily as a result of writing the carrying value of assets down to their estimated fair value as determined by the estimated selling price for a community within the Assisted Living segment which we intend to dispose of, and as a result of fire damage at one of our communities within the CCRCs - Entry Fee segment.  During the nine months ended

September 30, 2011, we recognized $14.8 million of impairment charges related to impairments of property, plant and equipment and leasehold intangibles for certain communities within the Retirement Centers and Assisted Living segments.

Loss (Gain) on Acquisition

During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we recognized $3.5 million as a gain on acquisition related to the acquisition of Horizon Bay.  The loss on acquisition recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 relates to the reduction of the prior-year gain for adjustments to pre-acquisition self-insurance reserves.

Gain on Facility Lease Termination

During the current year period, we recognized a $2.8 million net gain on facility lease termination from the reversal of deferred lease liabilities associated with nine previously-leased communities that were acquired during the current year period, partially offset by the write-off of deferred lease costs.

Costs Incurred on Behalf of Managed Communities

Costs incurred on behalf of managed communities increased $170.3 million primarily due to new management agreements entered into or acquired in conjunction with the Horizon Bay and HCP transactions.

Interest Income

Interest income decreased by $0.3 million, or 13.6%, primarily due to decreased interest earned on our restricted cash accounts.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $4.9 million, or 4.6%, primarily due to additional expense from the amortization of our debt discount primarily on our convertible notes issued during 2011 and increased interest expense related to our line of credit, which had a higher average outstanding balance drawn period over period.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in interest expense recorded from the change in the fair value of interest rate swaps due to fewer swap instruments in place during the current period.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we recognized $18.9 million as a loss on extinguishment of debt, related to costs incurred in connection with the early repayment of first and second mortgage notes.

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were (7.7%) and (4.1%), respectively.  The primary difference in the rates for these periods is due to the impact of tax credits recorded in the nine month period ended September 30, 2011.

We do not anticipate being able to utilize any additional tax benefits generated since 2010 so a full valuation allowance was recorded against this benefit.  This conclusion was determined solely on the reversal of timing differences recorded as of December 31, 2011, not taking into account our future profitability, as required under generally accepted accounting principles.

An additional interest charge related to our tax contingency reserve was recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.  Tax returns for years 2008 through 2011 are subject to future examination by tax authorities.  Our consolidated federal income tax return for 2010 is currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service.  In addition, certain tax returns are open from 2000 through 2007 to the extent of the net operating losses generated during those periods.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following is a summary of cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, as reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
 
2012
    
2011
  
Cash provided by operating activities
  
$
207,978
    
$
212,002
  
Cash used in investing activities
    
(273,405
)
    
(122,210
)
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    
77,095
      
(132,424
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    
11,668
      
(42,632
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    
30,836
      
81,827
  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  
$
42,504
    
$
39,195
  
 
The decrease in cash provided by operating activities was attributable primarily to increased general and administrative expenses, which include integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs.

The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily attributable to an increase in cash paid for acquisitions and spending on property, plant, equipment, and leasehold intangibles. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in the purchase of restricted marketable securities. Additionally, the prior year period includes cash received from restricted cash and escrow deposits related to the release of escrows on a recently opened entrance fee CCRC and from the sale of assets.

The change in cash related to financing activities period over period was primarily attributable to an increase in the proceeds from debt related to the financing of a current year acquisition and a decrease in repayments of debt, as the prior year period included both the repayment of debt on a recently opened entrance fee CCRC when entrance fees originally escrowed were released in accordance with state regulations, as well as repayments of debt from proceeds received in connection with the convertible debt offering in June 2011.  Additionally, there was an increase in the cash portion of the loss on extinguishment of debt in the prior year period. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in new borrowing on our line of credit and net cash received from the prior period convertible debt offering.

Our principal sources of liquidity have historically been from:

· cash balances on hand;
· cash flows from operations;
· proceeds from our credit facilities;
· proceeds from mortgage financing or refinancing of various assets;
· funds generated through joint venture arrangements or sale-leaseback transactions; and
· with somewhat lesser frequency, funds raised in the debt or equity markets and proceeds from the selective disposition of underperforming and/or non-core assets.

Over the longer-term, we expect to continue to fund our business through these principal sources of liquidity.

Our liquidity requirements have historically arisen from:

· working capital;
· operating costs such as employee compensation and related benefits, general and administrative expense and supply costs;
· debt service and lease payments;
· acquisition consideration and transaction costs;
· cash collateral required to be posted in connection with our interest rate swaps and related financial instruments;

· capital expenditures and improvements, including the expansion of our current communities and the development of new communities;
· dividend payments;
· purchases of common stock under our share repurchase authorizations; and
· other corporate initiatives (including integration and branding).

Over the near-term, we expect that our liquidity requirements will primarily arise from:

· working capital;
· operating costs such as employee compensation and related benefits, general and administrative expense and supply costs;
· debt service and lease payments;
· capital expenditures and improvements, including the expansion, redevelopment and repositioning of our current communities and the development of new communities;
· other corporate initiatives (including information systems);
·
acquisition consideration and transaction costs;
·
purchases of common stock under our share repurchase authorization; and
· to a lesser extent, cash collateral required to be posted in connection with our interest rate swaps and related financial instruments.

We are highly leveraged and have significant debt and lease obligations.  As of September 30, 2012, we have three principal corporate-level debt obligations:  our $230.0 million revolving credit facility, our $316.3 million convertible senior notes due 2018 and separate secured and unsecured letter of credit facilities providing for up to $92.5 million of letters of credit in the aggregate.  The remainder of our indebtedness is generally comprised of non-recourse property-level mortgage financings.

At September 30, 2012, we had $2.1 billion of debt outstanding, excluding capital lease obligations and our line of credit, at a weighted-average interest rate of 4.68% (calculated using an imputed interest rate of 7.5% for our $316.3 million convertible senior notes due 2018).  At September 30, 2012, we had $352.5 million of capital and financing lease obligations, $80.0 million was drawn on our revolving loan facility, and $78.1 million of letters of credit had been issued under our letter of credit facilities.  Approximately $547.7 million of our debt and capital lease obligations are due on or before September 30, 2013, subject in certain instances to extension at our option, as described below.  We also have substantial operating lease obligations and capital expenditure requirements.  For the year ending September 30, 2013, we will be required to make approximately $285.9 million of payments in connection with our existing operating leases.

We had $42.5 million of cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2012, excluding cash and escrow deposits-restricted, marketable securities-restricted and lease security deposits of $176.9 million in the aggregate.  As of that date, we also had $190.0 million of availability on our revolving credit facility (of which $80.0 million had been drawn as of September 30, 2012).

At September 30, 2012, we had $849.0 million of negative working capital, which includes the classification of $254.8 million of refundable entrance fees and $6.5 million in tenant deposits as current liabilities.  Based upon our historical operating experience, we anticipate that only 9.0% to 12.0% of those entrance fee liabilities will actually come due, and be required to be settled in cash, during the next 12 months. We expect that any entrance fee liabilities due within the next 12 months will be fully offset by the proceeds generated by subsequent entrance fee sales.  Entrance fee sales, net of refunds paid, provided $19.1 million and $40.3 million of cash for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively.

In accordance with applicable accounting pronouncements, as of September 30, 2012, the current portion of long-term debt within our condensed consolidated financial statements reflects approximately $504.6 million of mortgage notes payable due within the next 12 months.  Although these debt obligations are scheduled to mature on or prior to September 30, 2013, we have the option, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions (such as the absence of a material adverse change), to extend the maturity of approximately $205.7 million of certain mortgages payable included in such debt until 2018 or later, as the instruments associated with such mortgages payable provide that we

can extend the respective maturity dates for terms of five to seven years from the existing maturity dates.  We presently anticipate that we will exercise the extension options and will satisfy the conditions precedent for doing so with respect to each of these obligations.  In addition, we presently anticipate that we will be able to refinance or repay the remaining $298.9 of mortgage notes payable at or prior to maturity.

For the year ending December 31, 2012, we anticipate that we will make investments of approximately $150.0 million to $165.0 million for net capital expenditures (excluding expenditures related to our Program Max initiative discussed below), comprised of approximately $35.0 million to $45.0 million of net recurring capital expenditures and approximately $115.0 million to $120.0 million of expenditures relating to other major projects (including corporate initiatives).  These major projects include unusual or non-recurring capital projects, projects which create new or enhanced economics, such as major renovations or repositioning projects at our communities, integration related expenditures (including the cost of developing information systems), and expenditures supporting the expansion of our ancillary services programs.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we spent approximately $28.1 million for net recurring capital expenditures and approximately $83.5 million for expenditures relating to other major projects and corporate initiatives.

In addition, we have increased our efforts with respect to the expansion, redevelopment and repositioning of our communities through our Program Max initiative.  We anticipate making net investments of approximately $55.0 million to $65.0 million during 2012 in connection with recently initiated or currently planned projects.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we spent approximately $30.1 million in connection with our Program Max initiative.

During 2012, we anticipate that our capital expenditures will be funded from cash on hand, cash flows from operations, lessor reimbursement and amounts drawn on our credit facility.

As opportunities arise, we plan to continue to take advantage of the fragmented senior housing and care sectors by selectively purchasing existing operating companies, asset portfolios, home health agencies and communities. We may also seek to acquire the fee interest in communities that we currently lease or manage.

In the normal course of business, we use a variety of financial instruments to mitigate interest rate risk.  We have entered into certain interest rate protection and swap agreements to effectively cap or convert floating rate debt to a fixed rate basis.  Pursuant to certain of our hedge agreements, we are required to secure our obligation to the counterparty by posting cash or other collateral if the fair value liability exceeds specified thresholds.  In periods of significant volatility in the credit markets, the value of these swaps can change significantly and as a result, the amount of collateral we are required to post can change significantly.  We have taken a number of steps to reduce our collateral posting risk.  In particular, we terminated a number of interest rate swaps and purchased and assumed a number of interest rate caps, which do not require the posting of cash collateral.  Furthermore, we obtained a number of swaps that were secured by underlying mortgaged assets and, hence, did not require cash collateralization.  As of September 30, 2012, we have $418.2 million in aggregate notional amount of interest rate caps and a $27.5 million notional amount swap that do not require cash collateralization. As of September 30, 2012, $237.6 million of our variable rate debt, excluding our secured line of credit and capital lease obligations, is not subject to any cap or swap agreements.

We expect to continue to assess our financing alternatives periodically and access the capital markets opportunistically.  If our existing resources are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, or if we enter into an acquisition or strategic arrangement with another company, we may need to sell additional equity or debt securities. Any such sale of additional equity securities will dilute the interests of our existing stockholders, and we cannot be certain that additional public or private financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all (particularly given current market conditions). If we are unable to obtain this additional financing, we may be required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more aspects of our business development activities, any of which could reduce the growth of our business.

We currently estimate that our existing cash flows from operations, together with existing working capital, amounts available under our credit facility and, to a lesser extent, proceeds from anticipated financings and refinancings of various assets, will be sufficient to fund our liquidity needs for at least the next 12 months, assuming that the overall economy does not substantially deteriorate further.


Our actual liquidity and capital funding requirements depend on numerous factors, including our operating results, the actual level of capital expenditures, our expansion, development and acquisition activity, general economic conditions and the cost of capital.  Shortfalls in cash flows from operating results or other principal sources of liquidity may have an adverse impact on our ability to execute our business and growth strategies.  The current volatility in the credit and financial markets may also have an adverse impact on our liquidity by making it more difficult for us to obtain financing or refinancing.  As a result, this may impact our ability to grow our business, maintain capital spending levels, expand certain communities, or execute other aspects of our business strategy.  In order to continue some of these activities at historical or planned levels, we may incur additional indebtedness or lease financing to provide additional funding.  There can be no assurance that any such additional financing will be available or on terms that are acceptable to us (particularly in light of current adverse conditions in the credit market).

As of September 30, 2012, we are in compliance with the financial covenants of our outstanding debt and lease agreements.

Credit Facilities

2011 Credit Facility

On January 31, 2011, we entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with General Electric Capital Corporation, as administrative agent and lender, and the other lenders from time to time parties thereto. The amended credit agreement amended and restated in its entirety our existing Credit Agreement dated as of February 23, 2010, as previously amended.  The amended credit agreement increased the commitment under the credit facility from $120.0 million to $200.0 million and extended the maturity date to January 31, 2016.  Effective February 24, 2011, the commitment under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement was further increased to $230.0 million.

The revolving line of credit can be used to finance acquisitions and fund working capital and capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes.

The facility is secured by a first priority lien on certain of our communities.  The availability under the line will vary from time to time as it is based on borrowing base calculations related to the value and performance of the communities securing the facility.

Amounts drawn under the facility bear interest at 90-day LIBOR plus an applicable margin, as described below.  For purposes of determining the interest rate, in no event will LIBOR be less than 2.0%.  The applicable margin varies with the percentage of the total commitment drawn, with a 4.5% margin at 35% or lower utilization, a 5.0% margin at utilization greater than 35% but less than or equal to 50%, and a 5.5% margin at greater than 50% utilization.  We are also required to pay a quarterly commitment fee of 1.0% per annum on the unused portion of the facility.

The credit agreement contains typical affirmative and negative covenants, including financial covenants with respect to minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage and minimum consolidated tangible net worth.  A violation of any of these covenants could result in a default under the credit agreement, which would result in termination of all commitments under the credit agreement and all amounts owing under the credit agreement and certain other loan agreements becoming immediately due and payable.

As of September 30, 2012, we had an available secured line of credit with a $230.0 million commitment and $190.0 million of availability (of which $80.0 million had been drawn as of such date).  We also had secured and unsecured letter of credit facilities of up to $92.5 million in the aggregate as of September 30, 2012.  Letters of credit totaling $78.1 million had been issued under these facilities as of such date.

Convertible Debt Offering

In June 2011, we completed a registered offering of $316.3 million aggregate principal amount of 2.75% convertible senior notes (the "Notes"). We received net proceeds of approximately $308.2 million after the deduction of underwriting commissions and offering expenses.  We used a portion of the net proceeds to pay our cost of the

convertible note hedge transactions described below, taking into account our proceeds from the warrant transactions described below, and used the balance of the net proceeds to repay existing outstanding debt.

The Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment to all of our other senior unsecured debt, if any. The Notes will be senior in right of payment to any of our debt which is subordinated by its terms to the Notes (if any). The Notes are also structurally subordinated to all debt and other liabilities and commitments (including trade payables) of our subsidiaries. The Notes are also effectively subordinated to our secured debt to the extent of the assets securing such debt.

The Notes bear interest at 2.75% per annum, payable semi-annually in cash.  The Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of 34.1006 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $29.325 per share), subject to adjustment. Holders may convert their Notes at their option prior to the close of business on the second trading day immediately preceding the stated maturity date only under the following circumstances:  (i) during any fiscal quarter commencing after the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2011, if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the applicable conversion price on each applicable trading day; (ii) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period"), in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of that measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such day; or (iii) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events.  On and after March 15, 2018, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert their Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.  Unconverted Notes mature at par in June 2018.

Upon conversion, we will satisfy our conversion obligation by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock at our election.  It is our current intent and policy to settle the principal amount of the Notes (or, if less, the amount of the conversion obligation) in cash upon conversion.

In addition, following certain corporate transactions, we will increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert in connection with such transaction by a number of additional shares of common stock as set forth in the supplemental indenture governing the Notes.

In connection with the offering of the Notes, in June 2011, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions (the "Convertible Note Hedges") with certain financial institutions (the "Hedge Counterparties"). The Convertible Note Hedges cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, 10,784,315 shares of common stock.  We also entered into warrant transactions with the Hedge Counterparties whereby the Company sold to the Hedge Counterparties warrants to acquire, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, up to 10,784,315 shares of common stock (the "Sold Warrant Transactions").  The warrants have a strike price of $40.25 per share, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments.

The Convertible Note Hedges are expected to reduce the potential dilution with respect to common stock upon conversion of the Notes in the event that the price per share of common stock at the time of exercise is greater than the strike price of the Convertible Note Hedges, which corresponds to the initial conversion price of the Notes and is similarly subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. If, however, the price per share of common stock exceeds the strike price of the Sold Warrant Transactions when they expire, there would be additional dilution from the issuance of common stock pursuant to the warrants.

The Convertible Note Hedges and Sold Warrant Transactions are separate transactions (in each case entered into by us and the Hedge Counterparties), are not part of the terms of the Notes and will not affect the holders' rights under the Notes. Holders of the Notes do not have any rights with respect to the Convertible Note Hedges or the Sold Warrant Transactions.

These hedging transactions had a net cost of approximately $31.9 million, which was paid from the proceeds of the Notes and recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital.

Contractual Commitments

Significant ongoing commitments consist primarily of leases, debt, purchase commitments and certain other long-term liabilities. For a summary and complete presentation and description of our ongoing commitments and contractual obligations, see the "Contractual Commitments" section of Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.

There have been no material changes outside the ordinary course of business in our contractual commitments during the nine months ended September 30, 2012.  See Note 4 and Note 8 for acquisition and financing transactions that were completed during the period.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The equity method of accounting has been applied in the accompanying financial statements with respect to our investment in unconsolidated ventures that are not considered variable interest entities as we do not possess a controlling financial interest.  We do not believe these off-balance sheet arrangements have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

A non-GAAP financial measure is generally defined as one that purports to measure historical or future financial performance, financial position or cash flows, but excludes or includes amounts that would not be so adjusted in the most comparable GAAP measure. In this report, we define and use the non-GAAP financial measures Adjusted EBITDA, Cash From Facility Operations and Facility Operating Income, as set forth below.

Adjusted EBITDA

Definition of Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA as follows:

Net income (loss) before:

· provision (benefit) for income taxes;

· non-operating (income) expense items;

·
(gain) loss on sale or acquisition of communities (including gain (loss) on facility lease termination);

· depreciation and amortization (including non-cash impairment charges);

· straight-line lease expense (income);

· amortization of deferred gain;

· amortization of deferred entrance fees;

· non-cash stock-based compensation expense; and

·
change in future service obligation;

and including:

· entrance fee receipts and refunds (excluding (i) first generation entrance fee receipts from the sale of units at a recently opened entrance fee CCRC prior to stabilization and (ii) first generation entrance fee refunds not replaced by second generation entrance fee receipts at the recently opened community prior to stabilization).

In the first quarter of 2012, we revised the definition of Adjusted EBITDA to clarify the point at which first generation entrance fee receipts and refunds at recently opened entrance fee CCRCs will be included.  We determine the stabilization date of recently opened entrance fee communities to be the first day of the first full fiscal quarter occurring two years subsequent to the community's opening date for occupancy of all levels of care on the campus.

As a result of this change, beginning in the first quarter of 2012, we include all net entrance fee activity from a recently opened entrance fee CCRC in our non-GAAP financial measures.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, first generation net entrance fee receipts which would have been excluded under the previous definition of Adjusted EBITDA were $1.6 million and $3.6 million, respectively.

Management's Use of Adjusted EBITDA

We use Adjusted EBITDA to assess our overall financial and operating performance.  We believe this non-GAAP measure, as we have defined it, is helpful in identifying trends in our day-to-day performance because the items excluded have little or no significance on our day-to-day operations.  This measure provides an assessment of controllable expenses and affords management the ability to make decisions which are expected to facilitate meeting current financial goals as well as achieve optimal financial performance.  It provides an indicator for management to determine if adjustments to current spending decisions are needed.

Adjusted EBITDA provides us with a measure of financial performance, independent of items that are beyond the control of management in the short-term, such as the change in the liability for the obligation to provide future services under existing lifecare contracts, depreciation and amortization (including non-cash impairment charges), straight-line lease expense (income), taxation and interest expense associated with our capital structure.  This metric measures our financial performance based on operational factors that management can impact in the short-term, namely the cost structure or expenses of the organization.  Adjusted EBITDA is one of the metrics used by senior management and the board of directors to review the financial performance of the business on a monthly basis.  Adjusted EBITDA is also used by research analysts and investors to evaluate the performance of and value companies in our industry.

Limitations of Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool.  It should not be viewed in isolation or as a substitute for GAAP measures of earnings.  Material limitations in making the adjustments to our earnings to calculate Adjusted EBITDA, and using this non-GAAP financial measure as compared to GAAP net income (loss), include:

· the cash portion of interest expense, income tax (benefit) provision and non-recurring charges related to gain (loss) on sale of communities and extinguishment of debt activities generally represent charges (gains), which may significantly affect our financial results; and

· depreciation and amortization, though not directly affecting our current cash position, represent the wear and tear and/or reduction in value of our communities, which affects the services we provide to our residents and may be indicative of future needs for capital expenditures.

An investor or potential investor may find this item important in evaluating our performance, results of operations and financial position.  We use non-GAAP financial measures to supplement our GAAP results in order to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business.

Adjusted EBITDA is not an alternative to net income, income from operations or cash flows provided by or used in operations as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.  You should not rely on Adjusted EBITDA as a substitute for any such GAAP financial measure.  We strongly urge you to review the reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to GAAP net income (loss), along with our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.

We also strongly urge you to not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.  In addition, because Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and is susceptible to varying calculations, the Adjusted EBITDA measure, as presented in this report, may differ from and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

The table below shows the reconciliation of net loss to Adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 (dollars in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
    
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
 
2012(1)
    
2011(1)
    
2012(1)
    
2011(1)
  
Net loss
  
$
(12,010
)
  
$
(7,036
)
  
$
(41,158
)
  
$
(53,300
)
Provision for income taxes
    
878
      
513
      
2,953
      
2,087
  
Equity in loss (earnings) of unconsolidated ventures
    
249
      
117
      
211
      
(295
)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    
—
      
715
      
221
      
18,863
  
Other non-operating (income) loss
    
(500
)
    
116
      
(392
)
    
(260
)
Interest expense:
                                
Debt
    
24,615
      
22,602
      
73,691
      
68,762
  
Capitalized lease obligation
    
7,647
      
7,831
      
23,052
      
23,905
  
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount
    
4,543
      
4,310
      
13,602
      
9,024
  
Change in fair value of derivatives and amortization
    
(140
)
    
1,508
      
371
      
4,151
  
Interest income
    
(676
)
    
(1,171
)
    
(2,220
)
    
(2,569
)
Income from operations
    
24,606
      
29,505
      
70,331
      
70,368
  
Gain on facility lease termination
    
—
      
—
      
(2,780
)
    
—
  
(Gain) loss on acquisition
    
—
      
(3,520
)
    
636
      
(3,520
)
Depreciation and amortization
    
62,876
      
64,071
      
189,781
      
206,430
  
Asset impairment
    
—
      
—
      
8,329
      
14,846
  
Straight-line lease expense
    
2,118
      
1,834
      
5,324
      
5,016
  
Amortization of deferred gain
    
(1,093
)
    
(1,094
)
    
(3,279
)
    
(3,280
)
Amortization of entrance fees
    
(6,796
)
    
(6,499
)
    
(19,846
)
    
(18,865
)
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense
    
6,021
      
5,221
      
19,185
      
14,316
  
Entrance fee receipts(2)
    
25,132
      
18,019
      
59,815
      
45,069
  
First generation entrance fees received(3)
    
—
      
(2,293
)
    
—
      
(7,177
)
Entrance fee disbursements
    
(6,024
)
    
(5,475
)
    
(19,555
)
    
(16,886
)
Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
106,840
    
$
99,769
    
$
307,941
    
$
306,317
  



(1) The calculation of Adjusted EBITDA includes integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs of $4.6 million and $16.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively.  The calculation of Adjusted EBITDA includes integration and transaction-related costs of $5.5 million and $6.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
(2) Includes the receipt of refundable and non-refundable entrance fees.
(3) First generation entrance fees received represents initial entrance fees received from the sale of units at a recently opened entrance fee CCRC prior to stabilization.

Cash From Facility Operations

Definition of Cash From Facility Operations

We define Cash From Facility Operations (CFFO) as follows:

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities adjusted for:

· changes in operating assets and liabilities;
· deferred interest and fees added to principal;
·
refundable entrance fees received;
· first generation entrance fee receipts at a recently opened entrance fee CCRC prior to stabilization;
· entrance fee refunds disbursed adjusted for first generation entrance fee refunds not replaced by second generation entrance fee receipts at the recently opened community prior to stabilization;
· lease financing debt amortization with fair market value or no purchase options;
· gain (loss) on facility lease termination;
· recurring capital expenditures, net;
· distributions from unconsolidated ventures from cumulative share of net earnings;
· CFFO from unconsolidated ventures; and
· other.

Recurring capital expenditures include routine expenditures capitalized in accordance with GAAP that are funded from current operations. Amounts excluded from recurring capital expenditures consist primarily of major projects, renovations, community repositionings, expansions, systems projects or other non-recurring or unusual capital items (including integration capital expenditures) or community purchases that are funded using lease or financing proceeds, available cash and/or proceeds from the sale of communities that are held for sale.

In the first quarter of 2012, we revised the definition of CFFO to clarify the point at which first generation entrance fee receipts and refunds at recently opened entrance fee CCRCs will be included.  We determine the stabilization date of recently opened entrance fee communities to be the first day of the first full fiscal quarter occurring two years subsequent to the community's opening date for occupancy of all levels of care on the campus.

As a result of this change, beginning in the first quarter of 2012, we include all net entrance fee activity from a recently opened entrance fee CCRC in our non-GAAP financial measures.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, first generation net entrance fee receipts which would have been excluded under the previous definition of CFFO were $1.6 million and $3.6 million, respectively.

Management's Use of Cash From Facility Operations

We use CFFO to assess our overall liquidity.  This measure provides an assessment of controllable expenses and affords management the ability to make decisions which are expected to facilitate meeting current financial and liquidity goals as well as to achieve optimal financial performance.  It provides an indicator for management to determine if adjustments to current spending decisions are needed.

This metric measures our liquidity based on operational factors that management can impact in the short-term, namely the cost structure or expenses of the organization.  CFFO is one of the metrics used by our senior management and board of directors (i) to review our ability to service our outstanding indebtedness (including our credit facilities and long-term leases), (ii) to review our ability to pay dividends to stockholders, (iii) to review our ability to make regular recurring capital expenditures to maintain and improve our communities on a period-to-period basis, (iv) for planning purposes, including preparation of our annual budget, (v) in making compensation determinations for certain of our associates (including our named executive officers) and (vi) in setting various covenants in our credit agreements.  These agreements generally require us to escrow or spend a minimum of between $250 and $450 per unit per year.  Historically, we have spent in excess of these per unit amounts; however, there is no assurance that we will have funds available to escrow or spend these per unit amounts in the future.  If we do not escrow or spend the required minimum annual amounts, we would be in default of the applicable debt or lease agreement which could trigger cross default provisions in our outstanding indebtedness and lease arrangements.

Limitations of Cash From Facility Operations

CFFO has limitations as an analytical tool.  It should not be viewed in isolation or as a substitute for GAAP measures of cash flow from operations.  CFFO does not represent cash available for dividends or discretionary expenditures, since we may have mandatory debt service requirements or other non-discretionary expenditures not reflected in the measure.  Material limitations in making the adjustment to our cash flow from operations to calculate CFFO, and using this non-GAAP financial measure as compared to GAAP operating cash flows, include:

· the cash portion of interest expense, income tax (benefit) provision and non-recurring charges related to gain (loss) on sale of communities and extinguishment of debt activities generally represent charges (gains), which may significantly affect our financial results; and

· depreciation and amortization, though not directly affecting our current cash position, represent the wear and tear and/or reduction in value of our communities, which affects the services we provide to our residents and may be indicative of future needs for capital expenditures.

We believe CFFO is useful to investors because it assists their ability to meaningfully evaluate (1) our ability to service our outstanding indebtedness, including our credit facilities and capital and financing leases, (2) our ability to pay dividends to stockholders and (3) our ability to make regular recurring capital expenditures to maintain and improve our communities.

CFFO is not an alternative to cash flows provided by or used in operations as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.  You should not rely on CFFO as a substitute for any such GAAP financial measure.  We strongly urge you to review the reconciliation of CFFO to GAAP net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, along with our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.  We also strongly urge you to not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.  In addition, because CFFO is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and is susceptible to varying calculations, the CFFO measure, as presented in this report, may differ from and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

The table below shows the reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities to CFFO for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 (dollars in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
    
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
 
2012(1)
    
2011(1)
    
2012(1)
    
2011(1)
  
Net cash provided by operating activities
  
$
79,431
    
$
54,650
    
$
207,978
    
$
212,002
  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
    
(10,731
)
    
16,617
      
(5,926
)
    
7,369
  
Refundable entrance fees received(2)(3)
    
12,206
      
7,204
      
29,512
      
18,594
  
First generation entrance fees received(4)
    
—
      
(2,293
)
    
—
      
(7,177
)
Entrance fee refunds disbursed
    
(6,024
)
    
(5,475
)
    
(19,555
)
    
(16,886
)
Recurring capital expenditures, net
    
(11,475
)
    
(8,675
)
    
(28,138
)
    
(25,000
)
Lease financing debt amortization with fair market value or no purchase options
    
(3,066
)
    
(2,645
)
    
(8,988
)
    
(7,765
)
Distributions from unconsolidated ventures from cumulative share of net earnings
    
(420
)
    
—
      
(1,435
)
    
—
  
CFFO from unconsolidated ventures
    
1,559
      
738
      
4,097
      
2,040
  
Cash From Facility Operations
  
$
61,480
    
$
60,121
    
$
177,545
    
$
183,177
  

 
(1) The calculation of Cash From Facility Operations includes integration, transaction-related and EMR roll-out costs of $4.6 million and $16.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively.  The calculation of Cash From Facility Operations includes integration and transaction-related costs of $5.5 million and $6.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
(2) Entrance fee receipts include promissory notes issued to the Company by the resident in lieu of a portion of the entrance fees due.  Notes issued (net of collections) for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011

were $4.6 million and ($1.6) million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $2.9 million and ($1.1) million, respectively.
(3) Total entrance fee receipts for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $25.1 million and $18.0 million, respectively, including $12.9 million and $10.8 million, respectively, of non-refundable entrance fee receipts included in net cash provided by operating activities.  Total entrance fee receipts for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $59.8 million and $45.1 million, respectively, including $30.3 million and $26.5 million, respectively, of non-refundable entrance fee receipts included in net cash provided by operating activities.
(4) First generation entrance fees received represents initial entrance fees received from the sale of units at a recently opened entrance fee CCRC prior to stabilization.

Facility Operating Income

Definition of Facility Operating Income

We define Facility Operating Income as follows:

Net income (loss) before:

· provision (benefit) for income taxes;

· non-operating (income) expense items;

·
(gain) loss on sale or acquisition of communities (including gain (loss) on facility lease termination);

· depreciation and amortization (including non-cash impairment charges);

· facility lease expense;

· general and administrative expense, including non-cash stock-based compensation expense;

·
change in future service obligation;

· amortization of deferred entrance fee revenue; and

· management fees.

Management's Use of Facility Operating Income

We use Facility Operating Income to assess our facility operating performance.  We believe this non-GAAP measure, as we have defined it, is helpful in identifying trends in our day-to-day facility performance because the items excluded have little or no significance on our day-to-day facility operations.  This measure provides an assessment of revenue generation and expense management and affords management the ability to make decisions which are expected to facilitate meeting current financial goals as well as to achieve optimal facility financial performance.  It provides an indicator for management to determine if adjustments to current spending decisions are needed.

Facility Operating Income provides us with a measure of facility financial performance, independent of items that are beyond the control of management in the short-term, such as the change in the liability for the obligation to provide future services under existing lifecare contracts, depreciation and amortization (including non-cash impairment charges), straight-line lease expense (income), taxation and interest expense associated with our capital structure.  This metric measures our facility financial performance based on operational factors that management can impact in the short-term, namely the cost structure or expenses of the organization.  Facility Operating Income is one of the metrics used by our senior management and board of directors to review the financial performance of the business on a monthly basis.  Facility Operating Income is also used by research analysts and investors to evaluate

the performance of and value companies in our industry by investors, lenders and lessors.  In addition, Facility Operating Income is a common measure used in the industry to value the acquisition or sales price of communities and is used as a measure of the returns expected to be generated by a community.

A number of our debt and lease agreements contain covenants measuring Facility Operating Income to gauge debt or lease coverages.  The debt or lease coverage covenants are generally calculated as facility net operating income (defined as total operating revenue less operating expenses, all as determined on an accrual basis in accordance with GAAP).  For purposes of the coverage calculation, the lender or lessor will further require a pro forma adjustment to facility operating income to include a management fee (generally 4% to 5% of operating revenue) and an annual capital reserve (generally $250 to $450 per unit).  An investor or potential investor may find this item important in evaluating our performance, results of operations and financial position, particularly on a facility-by-facility basis.

Limitations of Facility Operating Income

Facility Operating Income has limitations as an analytical tool.  It should not be viewed in isolation or as a substitute for GAAP measures of earnings.  Material limitations in making the adjustments to our earnings to calculate Facility Operating Income, and using this non-GAAP financial measure as compared to GAAP net income (loss), include:

· interest expense, income tax (benefit) provision and non-recurring charges related to gain (loss) on sale of communities and extinguishment of debt activities generally represent charges (gains), which may significantly affect our financial results; and

· depreciation and amortization, though not directly affecting our current cash position, represent the wear and tear and/or reduction in value of our communities, which affects the services we provide to our residents and may be indicative of future needs for capital expenditures.

An investor or potential investor may find this item important in evaluating our performance, results of operations and financial position on a facility-by-facility basis.  We use non-GAAP financial measures to supplement our GAAP results in order to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business.

Facility Operating Income is not an alternative to net income, income from operations or cash flows provided by or used in operations as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.  You should not rely on Facility Operating Income as a substitute for any such GAAP financial measure.  We strongly urge you to review the reconciliation of Facility Operating Income to GAAP net income (loss), along with our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.  We also strongly urge you to not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.  In addition, because Facility Operating Income is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and is susceptible to varying calculations, the Facility Operating Income measure, as presented in this report, may differ from and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

The table below shows the reconciliation of net loss to Facility Operating Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 (dollars in thousands):


 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
    
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  
 
2012
    
2011
  
2012
    
2011
  
Net loss
  
$
(12,010
)
  
$
(7,036
)
  
$
(41,158
)
  
$
(53,300
)
Provision for income taxes
    
878
      
513
      
2,953
      
2,087
  
Equity in loss (earnings) of unconsolidated ventures
    
249
      
117
      
211
      
(295
)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    
—
      
715
      
221
      
18,863
  
Other non-operating (income) loss
    
(500
)
    
116
      
(392
)
    
(260
)
Interest expense:
                                
Debt
    
24,615
      
22,602
      
73,691
      
68,762
  
Capitalized lease obligation
    
7,647
      
7,831
      
23,052
      
23,905
  
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount
    
4,543
      
4,310
      
13,602
      
9,024
  
Change in fair value of derivatives and amortization
    
(140
)
    
1,508
      
371
      
4,151
  
Interest income
    
(676
)
    
(1,171
)
    
(2,220
)
    
(2,569
)
Income from operations
    
24,606
      
29,505
      
70,331
      
70,368
  
Gain on facility lease termination
    
—
      
—
      
(2,780
)
    
—
  
Depreciation and amortization
    
62,876
      
64,071
      
189,781
      
206,430
  
Asset impairment
    
—
      
—
      
8,329
      
14,846
  
(Gain) loss on acquisition
    
—
      
(3,520
)
    
636
      
(3,520
)
Facility lease expense
    
71,167
      
68,314
      
213,240
      
200,694
  
General and administrative (including non-cash stock-based compensation expense)
    
43,158
      
38,711
      
134,202
      
105,935
  
Amortization of entrance fees
    
(6,796
)
    
(6,499
)
    
(19,846
)
    
(18,865
)
Management fees
    
(7,407
)
    
(3,336
)
    
(22,350
)
    
(6,246
)
Facility Operating Income
  
$
187,604
    
$
187,246
    
$
571,543
    
$
569,642
  

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are subject to market risks from changes in interest rates charged on our credit facilities, other floating-rate indebtedness and lease payments subject to floating rates. The impact on earnings and the value of our long-term debt and lease payments are subject to change as a result of movements in market rates and prices. As of September 30, 2012, we had approximately $1.5 billion of long-term fixed rate debt, $0.7 billion of long-term variable rate debt, excluding our line of credit, and $352.5 million of capital and financing lease obligations. As of September 30, 2012, our total fixed-rate debt and variable-rate debt outstanding had a weighted-average interest rate of 4.68% (calculated using an imputed interest rate of 7.50% for our $316.3 million convertible senior notes due 2018).

We enter into certain interest rate swap agreements with major financial institutions to manage our risk on variable rate debt.  Additionally, we have entered into certain cap agreements to effectively manage our risk above certain interest rates.  As of September 30, 2012, $1.5 billion, or 69.9%, of our debt, excluding our line of credit and capital and financing lease obligations, either has fixed rates or variable rates that are subject to swap agreements.  As of September 30, 2012, $407.6 million, or 19.0%, of our debt, excluding our line of credit and capital and financing lease obligations, is subject to cap agreements.   The remaining $237.6 million, or 11.1%, of our debt is variable rate debt, not subject to any cap or swap agreements.   A change in interest rates would have impacted our interest rate expense related to all outstanding variable rate debt, excluding our line of credit and capital and financing lease obligations, as follows: a one, five and ten percent change in interest rates would have an impact of $6.2 million, $32.1 million and $45.6 million, respectively.

As noted above, we have entered into certain interest rate protection and swap agreements to effectively cap or convert floating rate debt to a fixed rate basis, as well as to hedge anticipated future financing transactions. Pursuant to certain of our hedge agreements, we are required to secure our obligation to the counterparty by posting cash or other collateral if the fair value liability exceeds a specified threshold.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer each concluded that, as of September 30, 2012, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings

The information contained in Note 9 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by this reference.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

For information regarding the most significant risks facing the Company, please see the risk factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2012, as well as the risks discussed below.   There have been no material changes to the risk factors contained in our Form 10-K other than as set forth below.

We rely on reimbursement from governmental programs for a portion of our revenues, and will be subject to changes in reimbursement levels, which could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flow.

We rely on reimbursement from governmental programs for a portion of our revenues, and we cannot assure you that reimbursement levels will not decrease in the future, which could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flow. Certain per person annual limits on Medicare reimbursement for therapy services became effective in 2006, subject to certain exceptions. These exceptions are currently scheduled to expire on December 31, 2012. If these exceptions are modified or not extended beyond that date, our revenues and net operating income relating to our outpatient therapy services could be materially adversely impacted.

Effective October 1, 2012, certain Medicare Part B therapy services exceeding a specified threshold are subject to a pre-payment manual medical review process.  The review process has had an adverse effect on the provision and billing of services for patients and could negatively impact therapist productivity.  These new Medicare Part B therapy cap exception requirements, including the applicable pre-approval requirements, could also negatively impact the revenues and net operating income relating to our outpatient therapy services business.
 
In addition, there continue to be various federal and state legislative and regulatory proposals to implement cost containment measures that would limit payments to healthcare providers in the future. For example, based on current federal law, an automatic 2% reduction in Medicare spending will be imposed beginning in 2013 unless Congress takes further action to stay the automatic reduction or authorizes spending increases.  In addition, payments for our outpatient therapy services are tied to Medicare's physician payment fee schedule.  By statute, the physician fee schedule is subject to annual automatic adjustment by a sustainable growth rate ("SGR") formula that has resulted in reductions in reimbursement rates every year since 2002. However, in each case, Congress has acted

to suspend or postpone the effect of these automatic reimbursement reductions. If Congress does not extend this relief, as it has done since 2002, or permanently modify the SGR formula by January 1, 2013, payment levels for outpatient therapy services under the physician fee schedule will be reduced at that point by approximately 27%.  We cannot predict what action, if any, Congress will take on the physician fee schedule or what future rule changes the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ("CMS") will implement. Changes in the reimbursement policies of the Medicare program could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flow.

Item 6.  Exhibits

See Exhibit Index immediately following the signature page hereto, which Exhibit Index is incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING INC.
 
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
     /s/ Mark W. Ohlendorf
 
 
 
Name:
 
Mark W. Ohlendorf
 
 
 
Title:
 
Co-President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 
 
 
Date:
 
November 9, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



EXHIBIT INDEX

 
 
 
Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
 
 
3.1
 
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 26, 2010).
3.2
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 3, 2012).
4.1
 
Form of Certificate for common stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Amendment No. 3) (No. 333-127372) filed on November 7, 2005).
4.2
 
Stockholders Agreement, dated as of November 28, 2005, by and among Brookdale Senior Living Inc., FIT-ALT Investor LLC, Fortress Brookdale Acquisition LLC, Fortress Investment Trust II and Health Partners (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 31, 2006).
4.3
 
Amendment No. 1 to Stockholders Agreement, dated as of July 26, 2006, by and among Brookdale Senior Living Inc., FIT-ALT Investor LLC, Fortress Registered Investment Trust, Fortress Brookdale Investment Fund LLC, FRIT Holdings LLC, and FIT Holdings LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 14, 2006).
4.4
 
Amendment Number Two to Stockholders Agreement, dated as of November 4, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2009).
4.5
 
Indenture, dated as of June 14, 2011, between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 14, 2011).
4.6
 
Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 14, 2011, between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 14, 2011).
4.7
 
Form of 2.75% Convertible Senior Note due 2018 (included as part of Exhibit 4.6).
10.1
 
Amendment to Employment Agreement, effective as of November 5, 2012, by and between Brookdale Senior Living Inc. and W.E. Sheriff.
10.2
 
Amendment to Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, effective as of November 5, 2012, by and between Brookdale Senior Living Inc. and W.E. Sheriff.
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.



 
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