Unassociated Document
 


UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
___________________
 
FORM 10-K
 
x    ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
 
OR
 
¨     TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______________ to ______________
 
Commission File Number: 1-13991
 
MFA MORTGAGE INVESTMENTS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
_______________________
 
Maryland
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
350 Park Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, New York
(Address of principal executive offices)
13-3974868
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
10022
(Zip Code)
(212) 207-6400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
_______________________
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
 
8.50% Series A Cumulative Redeemable
Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
New York Stock Exchange
 
New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes        No  ü 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.  Yes        No   ü  
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes     ü  No       
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   ü    
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.  See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer [ ] Accelerated filer [ü]
Non-accelerated filer [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes        No   ü  
 
On June 29, 2007, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $599,828,138 based on the closing sales price of our common stock on such date as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
 
On February 12, 2008, the registrant had a total of 151,651,761 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
 
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
 
Portions of the registrant’s proxy statement for the 2008 annual meeting of stockholders scheduled to be held on May 21, 2008 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this annual report on Form 10-K.
 
 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
PART I
 
 
PART II
 
 
PART III
 
 
PART IV
 
   
 
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT – This annual report on Form 10-K may contain “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (or 1933 Act), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (or 1934 Act).  We caution that any such forward-looking statements made by us are not guarantees of future performance and that actual results may differ materially from those in such forward-looking statements.  Some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from estimates contained in our forward-looking statements are set forth in this annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.  See Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of this annual report on Form 10-K.
 


In this annual report on Form 10-K, we refer to MFA Mortgage Investments, Inc. and its subsidiaries as “we,” “us,” or “our,” unless we specifically state otherwise or the context indicates otherwise.  The following defines certain of the commonly used terms in this annual report on Form 10-K:  MBS refers to the mortgage-backed securities in our portfolio; Agency MBS refers to our MBS that are issued or guaranteed by a federally chartered corporation, such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, or an agency of the U.S. government, such as Ginnie Mae; Hybrids refers to hybrid mortgage loans that have interest rates that are fixed for a specified period of time and, thereafter, generally adjust annually to an increment over a specified interest rate index; ARMs refers to hybrids and adjustable-rate mortgage loans which typically have interest rates that adjust annually to an increment over a specified interest rate index; and ARM-MBS refers to MBS that are secured by ARMs. Hybrid ARMs are identified by their initial fixed-rate and adjustable-rate periods; for example, 5/1 is used to describe a Hybrid ARM with a five-year fixed interest rate period and subsequent one-year interest rate adjustment periods.  The date that a Hybrid shifts from a fixed-rate payment schedule to an adjustable-rate payment schedule is known as the reset date.
 
PART I
 
Item 1.  Business.
 
GENERAL
 
We are a self-advised real estate investment trust (or REIT) primarily engaged in the business of investing, on a leveraged basis, in ARM-MBS, which are primarily secured by pools of mortgages on single family residences.  Our ARM-MBS portfolio consists primarily of Agency MBS or MBS rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least one nationally recognized rating agency, such as Moody’s Investors Services, Inc., Standard & Poor’s Corporation or Fitch, Inc. (or Rating Agencies).  Our principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to our stockholders resulting from the spread between the interest and other income we earn on our investments and the interest expense we pay on the borrowings that we use to finance our investments and our operating costs.
 
At December 31, 2007, we had total assets of approximately $8.606 billion, of which $8.301 billion, or 96.5%, represented our MBS portfolio.  At December 31, 2007, $7.870 billion, or 94.8%, of our MBS portfolio was comprised of Agency MBS, $425.0 million, or 5.1%, was comprised of non-Agency AAA rated MBS and $6.2 million, or 0.1%, was comprised of non-Agency MBS rated below AAA or unrated.  At December 31, 2007, all of the MBS in our portfolio consisted of ARM-MBS and none of our MBS were backed by subprime mortgage loans.  At December 31, 2007, we also had an indirect investment of $11.6 million in a 191-unit multi-family apartment property and other unrated securities of $1.6 million, which, when combined, comprised 0.2% of our total assets.  In addition, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, we provide investment advisory services to a third-party institution with respect to their MBS portfolio investments and, as of December 31, 2007, had approximately $279.4 million of assets under management.
 
We were incorporated in Maryland on July 24, 1997 and began operations on April 10, 1998.  We have elected to be treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  One of the requirements of maintaining our qualification as a REIT is that we must distribute at least 90% of our annual net taxable income to our stockholders, subject to certain adjustments.
 
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
 
We are primarily engaged in the business of investing in Agency ARM-MBS and other high quality ARM-MBS.  Our operating policies require that at least 50% of our investment portfolio consist of ARM-MBS that are either (i) Agency MBS or (ii) rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least one of the Rating Agencies.  Pursuant to our operating policies, the remainder of our assets may consist of direct or indirect investments in: (i) other types of MBS; (ii) residential mortgage loans; (iii) collateralized debt obligations and other related securities; (iv) real estate; (v) securities issued by REITs, limited partnerships and closed-end funds; (vi) high-yield corporate securities and other fixed income instruments (corporate or government); and (vii) other types of assets approved by our Board of Directors (or Board) or a committee thereof.  All of our Agency and AAA rated MBS are currently secured by first lien mortgage loans on one to four family properties.
 

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The ARMs collateralizing our MBS are primarily comprised of Hybrids, which have interest rates that are fixed for a specified period (typically three to ten years) and, thereafter, generally adjust annually to an increment over a specified interest rate index, and, to a lesser extent, adjustable-rate mortgages, which have interest rates that generally adjust annually (although some adjust more frequently) to an increment over a specified interest rate index.  Interest rates on the mortgage loans collateralizing our MBS are based on specific index rates, such as London Interbank Offered Rate (or LIBOR), the one-year constant maturity treasury (or CMT) rate, the Federal Reserve U.S. 12-month cumulative average one-year CMT (or MTA) or the 11th District Cost of Funds Index (or COFI).  In addition, the ARMs collateralizing our MBS typically have interim and lifetime caps on interest rate adjustments.
 
Because the coupons earned on ARM-MBS adjust over time as interest rates change (typically after a fixed-rate period) the market values of these assets are generally less sensitive to changes in interest rates than are fixed-rate MBS.  In order to mitigate our interest rate risks, our strategy is to maintain a substantial majority of our portfolio in ARM-MBS.  At December 31, 2007, ARM-MBS comprised 96.5% of our total assets and 100% of our total MBS portfolio.  The ability of ARM-MBS to reset over time based on changes in interest rates helps to mitigate interest rate risk more effectively over a longer time period than over the short term; however, interest rate risk is not entirely eliminated.
 
FINANCING STRATEGY
 
Our financing strategy is designed to increase the size of our MBS portfolio by borrowing against a substantial portion of the market value of the MBS in our portfolio.  We typically utilize repurchase agreements to finance the acquisition of our MBS and, in certain cases, enter into interest rate swap agreements (or Swaps) to hedge the interest rate risk associated with these repurchase agreements.  At December 31, 2007, we had $7.526 billion outstanding under repurchase agreements, of which $4.628 billion was hedged with Swaps.  At December 31, 2007, our assets-to-equity ratio was 9.3 to 1 and our debt-to-equity ratio was 8.1 to 1.
 
Repurchase agreements are financing arrangements, (i.e., borrowings) under which we pledge our MBS as collateral to secure loans with repurchase agreement counterparties (i.e., lenders).  The amount borrowed under a repurchase agreement is limited to a specified percentage of the estimated market value of the pledged collateral.  The portion of the pledged collateral held by the lender is the margin requirement for that borrowing.  Repurchase agreements take the form of a sale of the pledged collateral to a lender at an agreed upon price in return for such lender’s simultaneous agreement to resell the same securities back to the borrower at a future date (i.e., the maturity of the borrowing) at a higher price.  The difference between the sale price and repurchase price is the cost, or interest expense, of borrowing under a repurchase agreement.  Our cost of borrowings under repurchase agreements generally corresponds to LIBOR plus or minus a margin.  Under our repurchase agreements, we retain beneficial ownership of the pledged collateral, while the lender maintains custody of such collateral.  At the maturity of a repurchase agreement, we are required to repay the loan and concurrently receive back our pledged collateral or, with the consent of the lender, we may renew such agreement at the then prevailing market interest rate.  Under our repurchase agreements, a lender may require that we pledge additional assets to such lender (i.e., by initiating a margin call) in the event the estimated fair value of our existing pledged collateral declines below a specified percentage during the term of the borrowing.  Our pledged collateral fluctuates in value due to, among other things, principal repayments and changes in market interest rates.  By maintaining low leverage, we are better able to respond to potential increases in margin requirements.  To date, we have satisfied all of our margin calls.
 
In order to reduce our exposure to counterparty-related risk, we generally seek to diversify our exposure by entering into repurchase agreements with at least four separate lenders with a maximum loan from any lender of no more than three times our stockholders’ equity.  At December 31, 2007, we had master repurchase agreements with 19 separate counterparties and had amounts outstanding under repurchase agreements with 18 such counterparties, with a maximum net exposure (the difference between the amount loaned to us, including interest due on such loans, and the estimated fair value of the security pledged by us as collateral, including accrued interest on such securities) to any single lender of $71.9 million.  In addition, we also enter into Swaps with certain of our repurchase agreement counterparties and other institutions.  At December 31, 2007, our aggregate maximum net exposure to any single counterparty for repurchase agreements and Swaps was $74.5 million.
 
We enter into derivative financial instruments (or Hedging Instruments) to hedge against increases in interest rates on a portion of our anticipated LIBOR-based repurchase agreements.  At December 31, 2007, our Hedging Instruments consisted solely of Swaps, which are used to lock-in fixed interest rates, over the term of the Swap,
 
 
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related to a portion of our current and anticipated repurchase agreements.  At December 31, 2007, we were a party to 131 fixed-pay Swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $4.628 billion.  Historically, we also purchased interest rate cap agreements (or Caps) to hedge our interest rate risk.  A Cap is a contract whereby we, as the purchaser, pay a fee in exchange for the right to receive payments equal to the principal (i.e., notional amount) times the difference between a specified interest rate and a future interest rate during a defined “active” period of time.  Under our Caps, if the 30-day LIBOR were to increase above the interest rate specified in each Cap during the effective term of such Cap, we would be entitled to receive monthly payments from the counterparty to such Cap during the period that the 30-day LIBOR exceeded such specified interest rate.  While we may in the future purchase Caps, we have not purchased any since 2004.  We do not anticipate entering into Hedging Instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
 
We indirectly own one multi-family apartment property, which is subject to a long-term fixed-rate mortgage loan.  The mortgage collateralized by this property is non-recourse, subject to customary non-recourse exceptions, which generally means that the lender’s final source of repayment in the event of default is foreclosure of the property.  At December 31, 2007, the mortgage secured by this multi-family apartment property was $9.5 million.  (See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
In the future, we may also use other sources of funding, in addition to repurchase agreements, to finance our MBS portfolio, including, but not limited to, other types of collateralized borrowings, loan agreements, lines of credit, commercial paper or the issuance of debt securities.
 
ADVISORY BUSINESS AND OTHER INVESTMENTS
 
We, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, provide investment advisory services to a third-party institution with respect to its MBS portfolio investments and, as of December 31, 2007, had approximately $279.4 million of assets under management for one institution.
 
Even though we have acquired primarily Agency and AAA rated MBS to date, pursuant to our operating policies, we also acquire MBS and other mortgage-related assets of lower credit quality (i.e., non-Agency MBS or other securities rated below AAA).  At December 31, 2007, 0.1% of our investment securities portfolio was invested in securities that were rated below AAA or unrated (none of which were backed by subprime collateral).  To the extent that we identify attractive investment opportunities, we may acquire additional assets in the future that are rated below AAA, or in some cases are unrated.
 
We continue to explore alternative business strategies, investments and financing sources and other initiatives to complement our core business strategy.  However, no assurance can be provided that any such strategic initiatives will or will not be implemented in the future or, if undertaken, that any such strategic initiative will favorably impact us.
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
 
We pride ourselves on maintaining an ethical workplace in which the highest standards of professional conduct are practiced.
 
 
 
Our Board is composed of a majority of independent directors. Our Audit, Nominating and Corporate Governance and Compensation Committees are composed exclusively of independent directors.
 
 
 
In order to foster the highest standards of ethics and conduct in all of our business relationships, we have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and Corporate Governance Guidelines, which cover a wide range of business practices and procedures that apply to all of our directors, officers and employees.  In addition, we have implemented Whistle Blowing Procedures for Accounting and Auditing Matters that sets forth procedures by which any officer or employee may raise, on a confidential basis, concerns regarding any questionable or unethical accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters with our Audit Committee.
 
 
 
We have an insider trading policy that prohibits any of our directors, officers or employees from buying or selling our common and preferred stock on the basis of material nonpublic information and prohibits communicating material nonpublic information to others.
 

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We have a formal internal audit function to further the effective functioning of our internal controls and procedures.  Our internal audit plan, which is approved annually by our Audit Committee, is based on a formal risk assessment and is intended to provide management and our Audit Committee with an effective tool to identify and address areas of financial or operational concerns and to ensure that appropriate controls and procedures are in place.  We have implemented Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended (or the SOX Act), which requires an evaluation of internal control over financial reporting in association with our financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2007.  (See Item 9A, “Controls and Procedures” included in this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
COMPETITION
 
We operate in the mortgage-REIT industry.  We believe that our principal competitors in the business of acquiring and holding MBS of the types in which we invest are financial institutions, such as banks, savings and loan institutions, life insurance companies, institutional investors, including mutual funds and pension funds, hedge funds and other mortgage-REITs.  Some of these entities may not be subject to the same regulatory constraints (i.e., REIT compliance or maintaining an exemption under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (or the Investment Company Act)) as us.  In addition, many of these entities have greater financial resources and access to capital than us.  The existence of these entities, as well as the possibility of additional entities forming in the future, may increase the competition for the acquisition of MBS, resulting in higher prices and lower yields on such assets.
 
EMPLOYEES
 
At December 31, 2007, we had 16 employees, all of which were full-time.  We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.  None of our employees are unionized or represented under a collective bargaining agreement.
 
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
 
We maintain a website at www.mfa-reit.com.  We make available, free of charge, on our website our (a) annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K (including any amendments thereto), proxy statements and other information (or collectively, the Company Documents) filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (or SEC), as soon as reasonably practicable after such documents are so filed or furnished, (b) Corporate Governance Guidelines, (c) Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and (d) written charters of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our Board.  Our Company Documents filed with, or furnished to, the SEC are also available at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.  We also provide copies of our Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, free of charge, to stockholders who request it.  Requests should be directed to Timothy W. Korth, General Counsel, Senior Vice President – Business Development and Secretary, at MFA Mortgage Investments, Inc., 350 Park Avenue, 21st floor, New York, New York 10022.
 

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Item 1A.  Risk Factors.
 
Our business and operations are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, the occurrence of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to make distributions to stockholders and could cause the value of our capital stock to decline.
 
General.
 
Our business and operations are affected by a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, and primarily depend on, among other things, the level of our net interest income, the market value of our assets and the supply of, and demand for, MBS in the market place.  Our net interest income varies primarily as a result of changes in interest rates, the slope of the yield curve (i.e., the differential between long-term and short-term interest rates), the availability of adequate financing, borrowing costs (i.e., interest expense) and prepayment speeds on our MBS portfolio, the behavior of which involves various risks and uncertainties.  Interest rates and prepayment speeds, as measured by the constant prepayment rate (or CPR), vary according to the type of investment, conditions in the financial markets, competition and other factors, none of which can be predicted with any certainty.
 
Our operating results also depend upon our ability to effectively manage the risks associated with our business operations, including our interest rate and prepayment risks, while maintaining our qualification as a REIT.  In addition, we face risks inherent in our other assets, comprised of an indirect 100% interest in a multi-family apartment property, non-Agency MBS rated below AAA and derivative financial instruments.  Although these assets represent a small portion of our total assets, less than 1.0% at December 31, 2007, they have the potential of materially impacting our operating performance in future periods if such assets were to become impaired.
 
An increase in our borrowing costs relative to the interest we receive on our MBS may adversely affect our profitability.
 
In general, we generate income primarily based on the spread (i.e., the difference) between the interest income we earn on our portfolio, less net amortization of purchase premiums and discounts, and the interest expense we pay on our borrowings.  We rely primarily on borrowings under repurchase agreements, typically with terms from one to 60 months, to finance the acquisition of MBS which have longer-term contractual maturities.  Even though most of our MBS have interest rates that adjust over time based on short-term changes in corresponding interest rate indexes, the interest we pay on our borrowings may increase at a faster pace than the interest we earn on our MBS.  If the interest expense on our borrowings increases relative to the interest income we earn on our MBS, our profitability may be adversely affected.
 
 
Changes in interest rates, cyclical or otherwise, may adversely affect our profitability.  Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including fiscal and monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political conditions, as well as other factors beyond our control.  In general, we finance the acquisition of our MBS through borrowings in the form of repurchase transactions, which exposes us to interest rate risk on the acquired assets.  The cost of our borrowings is based on prevailing market interest rates.  Because the term of our repurchase transactions typically ranges from one to 60 months at inception, the interest rates on our borrowings generally adjust more frequently (as new repurchase transactions are entered into upon the maturity of existing repurchase transactions) than the interest rates on our MBS.  During a period of rising interest rates, our borrowing costs generally will increase at a faster pace than our interest earnings on the leveraged portion of our MBS portfolio, which could result in a decline in our net interest spread and net interest margin.  The severity of any such decline would depend on our asset/liability composition at the time as well as the magnitude and period over which interest rates increase.  Further, an increase in short-term interest rates could also have a negative impact on the market value of our MBS portfolio.  If any of these events happen, we could experience a decrease in net income or incur a net loss during these periods, which may negatively impact our distributions to stockholders.
 
 
Hybrid MBS have fixed interest rates for an initial period which may reduce our profitability if short-term interest rates increase.  The ARMs collateralizing our MBS are primarily comprised of Hybrids, which have interest rates that are fixed for an initial period (typically three to ten years) and, thereafter, generally adjust annually to an increment over a pre-determined interest rate index.  Accordingly, during a period of rising interest rates, the cost of our borrowings would increase while the interest income we earn on our MBS portfolio would not increase with respect to our Hybrid MBS that were then in their fixed rate
 
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period.  If this happens, we could experience a decrease in net income or incur a net loss during these periods, which may negatively impact our distributions to stockholders.
 
 
A flat or inverted yield curve may adversely affect ARM-MBS prepayment rates and supply.  Our net interest income varies primarily as a result of changes in interest rates as well as changes in interest rates across the yield curve.  When the differential between short-term and long-term benchmark interest rates narrows, the yield curve is said to be “flattening.”  We believe that when the yield curve is relatively flat, borrowers have an incentive to refinance into Hybrids with longer initial fixed-rate periods and fixed rate mortgages, causing our MBS to experience faster prepayments.  In addition, a flatter yield curve generally leads to fixed-rate mortgage rates that are closer to the interest rates available on ARMs, potentially decreasing the supply of ARM-MBS.  At times, short-term interest rates may increase and exceed long-term interest rates, causing an inverted yield curve.  When the yield curve is inverted, fixed-rate mortgage rates may approach or be lower than mortgage rates on ARMs, further increasing ARM-MBS prepayments and further negatively impacting ARM-MBS supply.  Increases in prepayments on our MBS portfolio cause our premium amortization to accelerate, lowering the yield on such assets.  If this happens, we could experience a decrease in net income or incur a net loss during these periods, which may negatively impact our distributions to stockholders.
 
 
Interest rate caps on the ARMs collateralizing our MBS may adversely affect our profitability if short-term interest rates increase.  The coupons earned on ARM-MBS adjust over time as interest rates change (typically after a fixed-rate period).  The financial markets primarily determine the interest rates that we pay on the repurchase transactions used to finance the acquisition of our MBS; however, the level of adjustment on the interest rates earned on our ARM-MBS is typically limited by contract.  The interim and lifetime interest rate caps on the ARMs collateralizing our MBS limit the amount by which the interest rates on such assets can adjust.  Interim interest rate caps limit the amount interest rates on a particular ARM can adjust during any given year or period.  Lifetime interest rate caps limit the amount interest rates can increase from inception through maturity of a particular ARM.  Our repurchase transactions are not subject to similar restrictions.  Accordingly, in a sustained period of rising interest rates or a period in which interest rates rise rapidly, we could experience a decrease in net income or a net loss because the interest rates paid by us on our borrowings could increase without limitation (as new repurchase transactions are entered into upon the maturity of existing repurchase transactions) while increases in the interest rates earned on the ARMs collateralizing our MBS could be limited due to interim or lifetime interest rate caps.
 
 
Adjustments of interest rates on our borrowings may not be matched to interest rate indexes on our MBS.  In general, the interest rates on our repurchase transactions are based on LIBOR, while the interest rates on our ARM-MBS may be indexed to LIBOR or another index rate, such as the one-year CMT rate, MTA or COFI.  Accordingly, any increase in LIBOR relative to one-year CMT rates, MTA or COFI will generally result in an increase in our borrowing costs that is not matched by a corresponding increase in the interest earned on our ARM-MBS.  Any such interest rate index mismatch could adversely affect our profitability, which may negatively impact our distributions to stockholders.
 
Prepayment rates on the mortgage loans underlying our MBS may adversely affect our profitability.
 
The MBS that we acquire are primarily secured by pools of ARMs on one-to-four family properties.  In general, the ARMs collateralizing our MBS may be prepaid at any time without penalty (other than certain MTA-indexed ARMs).  Prepayments on our MBS result when homeowners/mortgagees satisfy (i.e., payoff the mortgage) upon selling or refinancing their mortgaged property.  In addition, because our MBS are primarily Agency MBS, defaults and foreclosures on such guaranteed MBS typically have the same effect as prepayments.  When we acquire a particular MBS, we anticipate that the underlying mortgage loans will prepay at a projected rate which provides us with an expected yield on such MBS.  When homeowners/mortgagees prepay their mortgage loans faster than anticipated, it results in a faster prepayment rate on the related MBS in our portfolio and this may adversely affect our profitability.  Prepayment rates generally increase when interest rates fall and decrease when interest rates rise, but changes in prepayment rates are difficult to predict.  Prepayment rates also may be affected by conditions in the housing and financial markets, general economic conditions and the relative interest rates on fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgage loans.
 
We often purchase MBS that have a higher interest rate than the prevailing market interest rate.  In exchange for a higher interest rate, we typically pay a premium over par value to acquire these securities.  In accordance with
 
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generally accepted accounting principles (or GAAP), we amortize the premiums on our MBS over the life of the related MBS.  If the mortgage loans securing our MBS prepay at a rapid rate, we will have to amortize our premiums on an accelerated basis which may adversely affect our profitability.  As of December 31, 2007, the amortized cost of our portfolio of MBS was approximately 101.2% of par value.
 
Prepayments, which are the primary feature of MBS that distinguish them from other types of bonds, are difficult to predict and can vary significantly over time.  As the holder of MBS, we receive a portion of our investment principal when underlying mortgages are prepaid.  In order to continue to earn a return on this prepaid principal, we must reinvest it in additional MBS or other assets; however, if interest rates decline, we may earn a lower return on our new investments as compared to the MBS that prepay.  Prepayments may have a negative impact on our financial results, the effects of which depends on, among other things, the amount of unamortized premium on the MBS, the reinvestment lag and the reinvestment opportunities.
 
Our business strategy involves a significant amount of leverage which may adversely affect our return on our investments and may reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders as well as increase losses when economic conditions are unfavorable.
 
Pursuant to our financing strategy, we borrow against a substantial portion of the market value of our MBS and use the borrowed funds to acquire additional investment assets.  We are not required to maintain any particular assets-to-equity ratio.  Future increases in the amount by which the collateral value is required to contractually exceed the repurchase agreement loan amount, decreases in the market value of our MBS, increases in interest rate volatility and changes in the availability of adequate financing could cause us to be unable to achieve the degree of leverage we believe to be optimal.  Our return on our assets and cash available for distribution to our stockholders may be reduced to the extent that changes in market conditions prevent us from leveraging our investments or cause the cost of our financing to increase relative to the income that can be derived from the leveraged assets.  In addition, our payment of interest expense on our borrowings will reduce cash flow available for distributions to our stockholders.  If the interest income on our MBS purchased with borrowed funds fails to cover the interest expense of the related borrowings, we will experience net interest losses and may experience net losses from operations.  Such losses could be significant as a result of our leveraged structure.  The use of borrowing, or “leverage,” to finance our MBS and other assets involves a number of other risks, including the following:
 
 
Adverse developments involving major financial institutions or involving one of our lenders could result in a rapid reduction in our ability to borrow and adversely affect our business and profitability.  Although as of December 31, 2007 we had amounts outstanding under repurchase agreements with 18 separate lenders and continue to develop new relationships with additional lenders, recent turmoil in the financial markets as it relates to major financial institutions has raised concerns that a material adverse development involving one or more major financial institutions could result in our lenders reducing our access to funds available under our repurchase agreements.  Because all of our repurchase agreements are uncommitted, such a disruption could cause our lenders to determine to reduce or terminate our access to future borrowings, which could adversely affect our business and profitability.  Furthermore, if many of our lenders became unwilling or unable to provide us with financing, we could be forced to sell our investment securities at an inopportune time when prices are depressed.
 
 
 
Our profitability may be limited by a reduction in our leverage.  As long as we earn a positive spread between interest and other income we earn on our assets and our borrowing costs, we can generally increase our profitability by using greater amounts of leverage.  We cannot, however, assure you that repurchase financing will remain an efficient source of long-term financing for our assets.  The amount of leverage that we use may be limited because our lenders might not make funding available to us at acceptable rates or they may require that we provide additional collateral to secure our borrowings.  If our financing strategy is not viable, we will have to find alternative forms of financing for our assets which may not be available.  In addition, in response to certain interest rate and investment environments, we could implement a strategy of reducing our leverage by selling assets or not replacing MBS as they amortize and/or prepay, thereby decreasing the outstanding amount of our related borrowings.  Such an action would likely reduce interest income, interest expense and net income, the extent of which would be dependent on the level of reduction in assets and liabilities as well as the sale prices for which the assets were sold.
 
 
If we are unable to renew our borrowings at favorable rates, it may force us to sell assets and our profitability may be adversely affected.  Since we rely primarily on borrowings under repurchase
 
7

 
agreements to finance our MBS, our ability to achieve our investment objectives depends on our ability to borrow money in sufficient amounts and on favorable terms and on our ability to renew or replace maturing borrowings on a continuous basis.  Our ability to enter into repurchase agreements in the future will depend on the market value of our MBS pledged to secure the specific borrowings, the availability of adequate financing and other conditions existing in the lending market at that time.  If we are not able to renew or replace maturing borrowings, we would be forced to sell some of our assets under possibly adverse market conditions, which may adversely affect our profitability.
 
 
A decline in the market value of our assets may result in margin calls that may force us to sell assets under adverse market conditions.  The market value of our MBS, generally moves inversely to changes in interest rates and, as a result, may be negatively impacted by increases in interest rates.  Accordingly, in a rising interest rate environment, the value of our assets may decline.  A decline in the market value of our MBS may limit our ability to borrow against such assets or result in lenders initiating margin calls, which require a pledge of additional collateral or cash to re-establish the required ratio of borrowing to collateral value, under our repurchase agreements.  Posting additional collateral or cash to support our credit will reduce our liquidity and limit our ability to leverage our assets, which could adversely affect our business.  As a result, we could be forced to sell some of our assets in order to maintain liquidity.  Forced sales typically result in lower sales prices than do market sales which are made in the normal course of business.  If our MBS were liquidated at prices below our amortized cost (i.e., the carrying value) of such investments, we would incur losses.  Such a situation could result in a rapid deterioration of our financial condition and possibly necessitate a filing for bankruptcy protection.
 
 
If a counterparty to our repurchase transactions defaults on its obligation to resell the underlying security back to us at the end of the transaction term or if we default on our obligations under the repurchase agreement, we would incur losses.  When we engage in repurchase transactions, we generally sell securities to lenders (i.e., repurchase agreement counterparties) and receive cash from the lenders.  The lenders are obligated to resell the same securities back to us at the end of the term of the transaction.  Because the cash we receive from the lender when we initially sell the securities to the lender is less than the value of those securities (this difference is referred to as the haircut), if the lender defaults on its obligation to resell the same securities back to us we would incur a loss on the transaction equal to the amount of the haircut (assuming there was no change in the value of the securities).  Further, if we default on one of our obligations under a repurchase transaction, the lender can terminate the transaction and cease entering into any other repurchase transactions with us.  Our repurchase agreements contain cross-default provisions, so that if a default occurs under any one agreement, the lenders under our other agreements could also declare a default.  Any losses we incur on our repurchase transactions could adversely affect our earnings and thus our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
 
 
Our use of repurchase agreements to borrow money may give our lenders greater rights in the event of bankruptcy.  Borrowings made under repurchase agreements may qualify for special treatment under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.  In the unlikely event that a lender under our repurchase agreements files for bankruptcy it may be difficult for us to recover our assets pledged as collateral to such lender.  In addition, if we ever file for bankruptcy, lenders under our repurchase agreements may be able to avoid the automatic stay provisions of the Bankruptcy Code and take possession of, and liquidate, our collateral under our repurchase agreements without delay.
 
We may experience a decline in the market value of our assets.
 
A decline in the market value of our MBS or other assets may require us to recognize an “other-than-temporary” impairment against such assets under GAAP if we were to determine that, with respect to any assets in unrealized loss positions, we do not have the ability and intent to hold such assets to maturity or for a period of time sufficient to allow for recovery to the amortized cost of such assets.  If such a determination were to be made, we would recognize unrealized losses through earnings and write down the amortized cost of such assets to a new cost basis, based on the fair market value of such assets on the date they are considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired.  Such impairment charges reflect non-cash losses at the time of recognition; subsequent disposition or sale of such assets could further affect our future losses or gains, as they are based on the difference between the sale price received and adjusted amortized cost of such assets at the time of sale.

8


Our investment strategy may involve credit risk.
 
The holder of a mortgage or MBS assumes a risk that the borrowers may default on their obligations to make full and timely payments of principal and interest.  Our investment policy requires that at least 50% of our assets consist of ARM-MBS that are either issued or guaranteed by a federally charted corporation, such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, or an agency of the U.S. government, such as Ginnie Mae, or are rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least one of the Rating Agencies.  Even though we have acquired primarily Agency and AAA rated MBS to date, pursuant to our investment policy, we have the ability to acquire MBS and other investment assets of lower credit quality.  At December 31, 2007, we owned $7.9 million of non-Agency MBS and other securities that were rated below AAA or unrated, none of which were backed by subprime collateral.  Such lower credit quality investments could cause us to incur losses of income from, and/or losses in market value relating to, these assets if there are defaults of principal and/or interest on, or if the Rating Agencies downgrade the credit rating of, these assets.
 
Our use of hedging strategies to mitigate our interest rate exposure may not be effective and may expose us to counterparty risks.
 
In accordance with our operating policies, we may pursue various types of hedging strategies, including Swaps, Caps and other derivative transactions, to seek to mitigate or reduce our exposure to losses from adverse changes in interest rates.  Our hedging activity will vary in scope based on the level and volatility of interest rates, the type of assets held and financing sources used and other changing market conditions.  No hedging strategy, however, can completely insulate us from the interest rate risks to which we are exposed or that the implementation of any hedging strategy would have the desired impact on our results of operations or financial condition.  Certain of the U.S. federal income tax requirements that we must satisfy in order to qualify as a REIT may limit our ability to hedge against such risks.  We will not enter into derivative transactions if we believe that they will jeopardize our qualification as a REIT.
 
Interest rate hedging may fail to protect or could adversely affect us because, among other things:
 
 
interest rate hedging can be expensive, particularly during periods of rising and volatile interest rates;
 
 
available interest rate hedges may not correspond directly with the interest rate risk for which protection is sought;
 
 
the duration of the hedge may not match the duration of the related liability;
 
 
the amount of income that a REIT may earn from hedging transactions (other than through taxable REIT subsidiaries (or TRSs)) to offset interest rate losses is limited by U.S. federal tax provisions governing REITs;
 
 
the credit quality of the party owing money on the hedge may be downgraded to such an extent that it impairs our ability to sell or assign our side of the hedging transaction; and
 
 
the party owing money in the hedging transaction may default on its obligation to pay.
 
We primarily use Swaps to hedge against anticipated future increases in interest rates on our repurchase agreements.  Should a Swap counterparty be unable to make required payments pursuant to such Swap, the hedged liability would cease to be hedged for the remaining term of the Swap.  In addition, we may be at risk for any collateral held by a hedging counterparty to a Swap, should such counterparty become insolvent or file for bankruptcy.  Our hedging transactions, which are intended to limit losses, may actually adversely affect our earnings, which could reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
 
Hedging Instruments involve risk since they often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities.  Consequently, there are no requirements with respect to record keeping, financial responsibility or segregation of customer funds and positions.  Furthermore, the enforceability of Hedging Instruments may depend on compliance with applicable
 
9

 
statutory and commodity and other regulatory requirements and, depending on the identity of the counterparty, applicable international requirements.  The business failure of a hedging counterparty with whom we enter into a hedging transaction will most likely result in its default.  Default by a party with whom we enter into a hedging transaction may result in the loss of unrealized profits and force us to cover our commitments, if any, at the then current market price.  Although generally we will seek to reserve the right to terminate our hedging positions, it may not always be possible to dispose of or close out a hedging position without the consent of the hedging counterparty and we may not be able to enter into an offsetting contract in order to cover our risk.  We cannot assure you that a liquid secondary market will exist for hedging instruments purchased or sold, and we may be required to maintain a position until exercise or expiration, which could result in losses.
 
We may enter into Hedging Instruments that could expose us to contingent liabilities in the future.
 
Subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT, part of our financing strategy will involve entering into Hedging Instruments that could require us to fund cash payments in certain circumstances (e.g., the early termination of a Hedging Instrument caused by an event of default or other voluntary or involuntary termination event or the decision by a hedging counterparty to request the posting of collateral it is contractually owed under the terms of a Hedging Instrument).  With respect to the termination of an existing Swap, the amount due would generally be equal to the unrealized loss of the open Swap position with the hedging counterparty and could also include other fees and charges.  These economic losses will be reflected in our financial results of operations and our ability to fund these obligations will depend on the liquidity of our assets and access to capital at the time.  Any losses we incur on our Hedging Instruments could adversely affect our earnings and thus our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
 
We may change our investment strategy, operating policies and/or asset allocations without stockholder consent.
 
We may change our investment strategy, operating policies and/or asset allocation with respect to investments, acquisitions, leverage, growth, operations, indebtedness, capitalization and distributions at any time without the consent of our stockholders.  A change in our investment strategy may increase our exposure to interest rate and/or credit risk, default risk and real estate market fluctuations.  Furthermore, a change in our asset allocation could result in our making investments in asset categories different from our historical investments.  These changes could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, the market price of our common stock or our ability to pay dividends or distributions.
 
We have not established a minimum dividend payment level.
 
We intend to pay dividends on our common stock in an amount equal to at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, which is calculated before deductions of dividends paid and excluding net capital gains and losses, in order to maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  Dividends will be declared and paid at the discretion of our Board and will depend on our earnings, our financial condition, maintenance of our REIT qualification and such other factors as our Board may deem relevant from time to time.  We have not established a minimum dividend payment level for our common stock and our ability to pay dividends may be negatively impacted by adverse changes in our operating results.
 
We are dependent on our executive officers and key personnel for our success.
 
As a self-advised REIT, our success is dependent upon the efforts, experience, diligence, skill and network of business contacts of our executive officers and key personnel, including Stewart Zimmerman, Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President; William S. Gorin, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer; Ronald A. Freydberg, Executive Vice President and Chief Portfolio Officer; Timothy W. Korth, General Counsel, Senior Vice President - Business Development and Corporate Secretary; and Teresa D. Covello, Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer.  The departure of any of our executive officers and/or key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our operations and performance.
 
We are dependent on information systems and systems’ failures could significantly disrupt our business.
 
Our business is highly dependent on our communications and information systems.  Any failure or interruption of our systems could cause delays or other problems in our securities trading activities, which could have a material adverse effect on our operation and performance.
 
10

 
We may be subject to risks associated with our investments in real estate.
 
Real property investments are subject to varying degrees of risk.  The economic returns from our indirect investment in Lealand Place, a 191-unit multi-family apartment property located in Lawrenceville, Georgia (or Lealand), may be impacted by a number of factors, including general and local economic conditions, the relative supply of apartments and other housing in the area, interest rates on mortgage loans, the need for and costs of repairs and maintenance of the property, government regulations and the cost of complying with them, taxes and inflation.  In general, local conditions in the applicable market area significantly affect occupancy or rental rates for multi-family apartment properties.  Real estate investments are relatively illiquid and, therefore, we will have limited ability to dispose of our investment quickly in response to changes in economic or other conditions.  In addition, under certain circumstances, we may be subject to significant tax liability in the event that we sell our investment in the property.  Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, regulations and ordinances, we may be required, regardless of knowledge or responsibility, to investigate and remediate the effects of hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases at the property and may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property or personal injury damages and for investigation and remediation costs incurred as a result of contamination.  These damages and costs may be substantial.  The presence of such substances, or the failure to properly remediate the contamination, may adversely affect our ability to borrow against, sell or rent the affected property.  We must operate the property in compliance with numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations, including landlord tenant laws, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and other laws generally applicable to business operations.  Noncompliance with such laws could expose us to liability.
 
We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities and competition may limit our ability to acquire desirable investment securities.
 
We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities.  Our profitability depends, in large part, on our ability to acquire MBS or other investment securities at favorable prices.  In acquiring our investment securities, we compete with a variety of institutional investors, including other REITs, public and private funds, commercial and investment banks, commercial finance and insurance companies and other financial institutions.  Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do.  Several other REITs have recently raised, or are expected to raise, significant amounts of capital, and may have investment objectives that overlap with ours, which may create additional competition for investment opportunities.  Some competitors may have a lower cost of funds and access to funding sources that are not available to us.  Many of our competitors are not subject to the operating constraints associated with REIT tax compliance or maintenance of an exemption from the Investment Company Act.  In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish additional business relationships than us.  Furthermore, competition for investment securities of the types and classes which we acquire may lead to the price of such assets increasing, which may further limit our ability to generate desired returns.  We cannot assure you that the competitive pressures we face will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.  Also, as a result of this competition, desirable investments may be limited in the future and we may not be able to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities from time to time, as we can provide no assurance that we will be able to identify and make investments that are consistent with our investment objectives.
 
Our qualification as a REIT.
 
We believe that we qualify for taxation as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and plan to operate so that we can continue to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT.  So long as we qualify as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our income that we distribute currently to our stockholders.  Many of the REIT requirements, however, are highly technical and complex.  The determination that we are a REIT requires an analysis of various factual matters and circumstances, some of which may not be totally within our control and some of which involve questions of interpretation.  For example, to qualify as a REIT, at least 95% of our gross income must come from specific passive sources, like mortgage interest, that are itemized in the REIT tax laws.  In addition, the composition of our assets must meet certain requirements at the close of each quarter.  There can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service (or IRS) or a court would agree with any conclusions or positions we have taken in interpreting the REIT requirements.  We also are required to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our net taxable income (excluding net capital gains and losses) on an annual basis.
 
 
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Such distribution requirement limits the amount of cash we have available for other business purposes, including amounts to fund our growth.  Also, it is possible that because of differences in timing between the recognition of taxable income and the actual receipt of cash, we may have to borrow funds on a short-term basis to meet the 90% distribution requirement.  Even a technical or inadvertent mistake could jeopardize our REIT qualification unless we meet certain statutory relief provisions.  Furthermore, Congress and the IRS might make changes to the tax laws and regulations, and the courts might issue new rulings, that make it more difficult or impossible for us to remain qualified as a REIT.
 
If we fail to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates.  Also, unless the IRS granted us relief under certain statutory provisions, we would remain disqualified as a REIT for four years following the year we first failed to qualify.  If we failed to qualify as a REIT, we would have to pay significant income taxes.  This likely would have a significant adverse effect on the value of our securities.  In addition, we would no longer be required to pay any dividends to stockholders.
 
Even if we qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we are required to pay certain federal, state and local taxes on our income and property.  Any of these taxes will reduce our operating cash flow.
 
Compliance with securities laws and regulations could be costly.
 
The SOX Act and the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange affect the scope, complexity and cost of corporate governance, regulatory compliance and reporting, and disclosure practices.  We believe that these rules and regulations will continue to make it costly for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same coverage.  These rules and regulations could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of management and our Board (particularly with respect to Board members serving on our Audit Committee).
 
In addition, our management is required to deliver a report that assesses the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, pursuant to Section 302 of the SOX Act.  Section 404 of the SOX Act requires our independent registered public accounting firm to deliver an attestation report on management’s assessment of, and the operating effectiveness of, our internal controls over financial reporting in conjunction with their opinion on our audited financial statements as of each December 31.  We cannot give any assurances that material weaknesses will not be identified in the future in connection with our compliance with the provisions of Sections 302 and 404 of the SOX Act.  The existence of any such material weakness would preclude a conclusion by management and our independent auditors that we maintained effective internal control over financial reporting.  Our management may be required to devote significant time and expense to remediate any material weaknesses that may be discovered and may not be able to remediate any material weaknesses in a timely manner.  The existence of any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting could also result in errors in our financial statements that could require us to restate our financial statements, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and cause stockholders to lose confidence in our reported financial information, all of which could lead to a decline in the market price of our common stock.
 
Loss of our Investment Company Act exemption would adversely affect us.
 
We intend to conduct our business so as to maintain our exempt status under, and not to become regulated as an investment company for purposes of, the Investment Company Act.  If we failed to maintain our exempt status under the Investment Company Act and became regulated as an investment company, our ability to, among other things, use leverage would be substantially reduced and, as a result, we would be unable to conduct our business as described in this annual report on Form 10-K.  The Investment Company Act exempts entities that are “primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate” (i.e., qualifying interests).  Under the current interpretation of the staff of the SEC, in order to qualify for this exemption, we must maintain (i) at least 55% of our assets in qualifying interests (or the 55% Test) and (ii) at least 80% of our assets in real estate related assets (including qualifying interests) (or the 80% Test).  MBS that do not represent all of the certificates issued (i.e., an undivided interest) with respect to the entire pool of mortgages (i.e., a whole pool) underlying such MBS may be treated as securities separate from such underlying mortgage loans and, thus, may not be considered qualifying interests for purposes of the 55% Test; however, such MBS would be considered real estate related assets for purposes of the 80% Test.  Therefore, for purposes of the 55% Test, our ownership of these types of MBS is limited by the provisions of the Investment Company Act.  In meeting the 55% Test, we treat as qualifying interests those MBS issued with respect to an underlying pool as to which we own all of
 
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the issued certificates.  There can be no assurance that the laws and regulations governing REITs, including the Division of Investment Management of the SEC, providing more specific or different guidance regarding the treatment of assets as qualifying interests or real estate related assets, will not change in a manner that adversely affects our operations.  If the SEC or its staff were to adopt a contrary interpretation, we could be required to sell a substantial amount of our investment securities under potentially adverse market conditions.  Further, in order to insure that we at all times qualifies for this exemption from the Investment Company Act, we may be precluded from acquiring MBS whose yield is higher than the yield on MBS that could be otherwise purchased in a manner consistent with this exemption.  Accordingly, we monitor our compliance with both of the 55% Test and the 80% Test in order to maintain our exempt status under the Investment Company Act; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain our exemption as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.  If we fail to qualify for this exception in the future, we could be required to restructure our activities, including effecting sales of our investment securities under potentially adverse market conditions, which could negatively affect the value of our common stock, the sustainability of our business model and our ability to make distributions.  As of December 31, 2007, we had determined that we were in, and had maintained compliance with, both of the 55% Test and the 80% Test.
 
 
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
 
None.
 
 
Item 2. Properties.
 
Executive Offices
 
We have a lease for our corporate headquarters in New York, New York which extends through April 30, 2017 and provides for aggregate cash payments ranging from approximately $1.1 million to $1.4 million per year, paid on a monthly basis, exclusive of escalation charges and landlord incentives. In connection with this lease, we established a $350,000 irrevocable standby letter of credit in lieu of lease security for the benefit of our landlord through April 30, 2017. The letter of credit may be drawn upon by the landlord in the event that we default under certain terms of the lease. In addition, we have a lease through December 2011 for our off-site back-up facility located in Rockville Centre, New York, which provides for, among other things, rent of approximately $27,000 per year, paid on a monthly basis. We believe that our current facilities are adequate to meet our needs in the foreseeable future.
 
Properties Owned Through Subsidiary Corporations
 
At December 31, 2007, we indirectly owned 100% interest in Lealand, an apartment property located at 2945 Cruse Road, Lawrenceville, Georgia. (See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
 
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
 
None.
 
To date, we have not been required to make any payments to the IRS as a penalty for failing to make disclosures required with respect to certain transactions that have been identified by the IRS as abusive or that have a significant tax avoidance purpose.
 
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
 
None.
 
 

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Item 4A. Executive Officers.
 
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to each of our executive officers at December 31, 2007.  The Board appoints or annually reaffirms the appointment of all of our executive officers.
 
Officer
 
Age
 
Position held with our company
Stewart Zimmerman
 
63
 
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President
William S. Gorin
 
49
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Ronald A. Freydberg
 
47
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Portfolio Officer
Teresa D. Covello
 
42
 
Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer
Timothy W. Korth
 
42
 
General Counsel, Senior Vice President – Business  Development and Corporate Secretary
 
 
Stewart Zimmerman has served as our Chief Executive Officer, President and a Director since 1997 and was appointed Chairman of the Board in March 2003.  From 1989 through 1997, he initially served as a consultant to The America First Companies and became Executive Vice President of America First Companies, L.L.C.  During this time, he held a number of positions: President and Chief Operating Officer of America First REIT, Inc. and President of several mortgage funds, including America First Participating/Preferred Equity Mortgage Fund, America First PREP Fund 2, America First PREP Fund II Pension Series L.P., Capital Source L.P., Capital Source II L.P.-A, America First Tax Exempt Mortgage Fund Limited Partnership and America First Tax Exempt Fund 2-Limited Partnership. Previously, Mr. Zimmerman held various progressive positions with other companies, including Security Pacific Merchant Bank, EF Hutton & Company, Inc., Lehman Brothers, Bankers Trust Company and Zenith Mortgage Company.  Mr. Zimmerman holds a Bachelors of Arts degree from Michigan State University.
 
William S. Gorin serves as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.  He has served as Executive Vice President since 1997 and was appointed Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer in 2001.  From 1998 to 2001, Mr. Gorin served as our Executive Vice President and Secretary.  From 1989 to 1997, Mr. Gorin held various positions with PaineWebber Incorporated/Kidder, Peabody & Co. Incorporated, serving as a First Vice President in the Research Department.  Prior to that position, Mr. Gorin was Senior Vice President in the Special Products Group.  From 1982 to 1988, Mr. Gorin was employed by Shearson Lehman Hutton, Inc./E.F. Hutton & Company, Inc. in various positions in corporate finance and direct investments.  Mr. Gorin has a Masters of Business Administration degree from Stanford University and a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Brandeis University.
 
Ronald A. Freydberg serves as our Executive Vice President and Chief Portfolio Officer, which positions he was appointed to in 2001.  From 1997 to 2001, he served as our Senior Vice President.  From 1995 to 1997, Mr. Freydberg served as a Vice President of Pentalpha Capital, in Greenwich, Connecticut, where he was a fixed-income quantitative analysis and structuring specialist.  From 1988 to 1995, Mr. Freydberg held various positions with J.P. Morgan & Co.  From 1994 to 1995, he was with the Global Markets Group.  In that position, he was involved in commercial mortgage-backed securitization and sale of distressed commercial real estate, including structuring, due diligence and marketing.  From 1985 to 1988, Mr. Freydberg was employed by Citicorp.  Mr. Freydberg holds a Masters of Business Administration degree in Finance from George Washington University and a Bachelor of Arts degree from Muhlenberg College.
 
Teresa D. Covello serves as our Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer, which positions she was appointed to in 2003.  From 2001 to 2003, Ms. Covello served as our Senior Vice President and Controller.  From 2000 until joining us in 2001, Ms. Covello was a self-employed financial consultant, concentrating in investment banking within the financial services sector.  From 1990 to 2000, she was the Director of Financial Reporting and served on the Strategic Planning Team for JSB Financial, Inc.  Ms. Covello began her career in public accounting with KPMG Peat Marwick (predecessor to KPMG LLP).  Ms. Covello currently serves as a director and president of the board of directors of Commerce Plaza, Inc., a not-for-profit organization.  Ms. Covello is a Certified Public Accountant and has a Bachelor of Science degree in Public Accounting from Hofstra University.
 
Timothy W. Korth II serves as our General Counsel, Senior Vice President – Business Development and Corporate Secretary, which positions he has held since July 2003.  From 2001 to 2003, Mr. Korth was a Counsel at the law firm of Clifford Chance US LLP, where he specialized in corporate and securities transactions involving REITs and other real estate companies and, prior to such time, had practiced law with that firm and its predecessor, Rogers & Wells LLP, since 1992.  Mr. Korth is admitted as an attorney in the State of New York and has a Juris Doctor and a Bachelor of Business Administration degree in Finance from the University of Notre Dame.

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PART II
 
 
Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
 
Market Information
 
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, under the symbol “MFA.”  On February 12, 2008, the last sales price for our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange was $10.70 per share.  The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices per share of our common stock during each calendar quarter for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Quarter Ended
 
High
   
Low
   
High
   
Low
 
March 31
  $ 7.87     $ 6.75     $ 6.90     $ 5.65  
June 30
  $ 8.06     $ 6.90     $ 7.08     $ 5.95  
September 30
  $ 8.65     $ 5.55     $ 7.49     $ 6.53  
December 31
  $ 9.30     $ 7.61     $ 8.12     $ 7.20  
 
Holders
 
As of February 1, 2008, we had 1,045 registered holders and approximately 35,224 beneficial owners of our common stock.  Such information was obtained through our registrar and transfer agent, based on the results of a broker search.
 
Dividends
 
No dividends may be paid on our common stock unless full cumulative dividends have been paid on our 8.50% Series A Cumulative Redeemable preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.  From the date of our original issuance in April 2004 through December 31, 2007, we have paid full cumulative dividends on our preferred stock.
 
We have historically declared cash dividends on our common stock on a quarterly basis.  During 2007 and 2006, we declared total cash dividends to holders of our common stock of $42.2 million ($0.415 per share) and $16.7 million ($0.21 per share), respectively.  In general, our common stock dividends have been characterized as ordinary income to our stockholders for income tax purposes.  However, a portion of our common stock dividends may, from time to time, be characterized as capital gains or return of capital.  For 2007 and 2006, our common stock dividends were characterized as ordinary income to stockholders.  (For additional dividend information, see Notes 9(a) and 9(b) to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
We elected to be treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1998 and, as such, have distributed and anticipate distributing annually at least 90% of our net taxable income, subject to certain adjustments.  Although we may borrow funds to make distributions, cash for such distributions has generally been and is expected to continue to be largely generated from our results of operations.
 
We declared and paid the following dividends on our common stock during the years 2007 and 2006:
 
Year
 
Declaration Date
 
Record Date
 
Payment Date
 
Dividend
per Share
 
2007
 
April 3, 2007
 
April 13, 2007
 
April 30, 2007
  $ 0.080  
   
July 2, 2007
 
July 13, 2007
 
July 31, 2007
    0.090  
   
October 1, 2007
 
October 12, 2007
 
October 31, 2007
    0.100  
   
December 13, 2007
 
December 31, 2007
 
January 31, 2008
    0.145 (1)
                     
2006
 
April 3, 2006
 
April 17, 2006
 
April 28, 2006
  $ 0.050  
   
July 5, 2006
 
July 17, 2006
 
July 31, 2006
    0.050  
   
October 2, 2006
 
October 13, 2006
 
October 31, 2006
    0.050  
   
December 14, 2006
 
December 29, 2006
 
January 31, 2007
    0.060 (1)
                     
(1)  For tax purposes, a portion of each of the dividends declared on December 13, 2007 and December 14, 2006 was treated as a dividend for stockholders in the subsequent year.
 

15


Dividends are declared and paid at the discretion of our Board and depend on our cash available for distribution, financial condition, ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT, and such other factors that our Board may deem relevant.  We have not established a minimum payout level for our common stock.  See Item 1A, “Risk Factors”, and Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations”, of this annual report on Form 10-K, for information regarding the sources of funds used for dividends and for a discussion of factors, if any, which may adversely affect our ability to pay dividends at the same levels in 2008 and thereafter.
 
Discount Waiver, Direct Stock Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Plan
 
In September 2003, we initiated a Discount Waiver, Direct Stock Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Plan (or the DRSPP) to provide existing stockholders and new investors with a convenient and economical way to purchase shares of our common stock.  Under the DRSPP, existing stockholders may elect to automatically reinvest all or a portion of their cash dividends in additional shares of our common stock and existing stockholders and new investors may make optional monthly cash purchases of shares of our common stock in amounts ranging from $50 (or $1,000 for new investors) to $10,000 and, with our prior approval, in excess of $10,000.  At our discretion, shares of our common stock purchased under the DRSPP may be acquired at discounts of up to 5% from the prevailing market price at the time of purchase.  BNY Mellon Shareowner Services is the administrator of the DRSPP (or the Plan Agent).  Stockholders who own common stock that is registered in their own name and want to participate in the DRSPP must deliver a completed enrollment form to the Plan Agent.  Stockholders who own common stock that is registered in a name other than their own (e.g., broker, bank or other nominee) and want to participate in the DRSPP must either request such nominee holder to participate on their behalf or request that such nominee holder re-register our common stock in the stockholder’s name and deliver a completed enrollment form to the Plan Agent.  Additional information regarding the DRSPP (including a DRSPP prospectus) and enrollment forms are available online from the Plan Agent via Investor Service Direct at www.melloninvestor.com or from our website at www.mfa-reit.com.  During 2007, we sold 978,086 shares of common stock through the DRSPP generating net proceeds of $8.1 million.
 
Controlled Equity Offering Program
 
On August 20, 2004, we initiated a controlled equity offering program (or the CEO Program) through which we may publicly offer and sell, from time to time, shares of our common stock through Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (or Cantor) in privately negotiated and/or at-the-market transactions.  During 2007, we issued 3,206,000 shares of common stock in at-the-market transactions through our CEO Program, raising cash proceeds of $23,891,416 million, net of fees and commissions of $557,119 paid to Cantor in connection with these transactions.
 
Securities Authorized For Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
 
During 2004, we adopted the 2004 Equity Compensation Plan (or the 2004 Plan), as approved by our stockholders.  The 2004 Plan amended and restated our Second Amended and Restated 1997 Stock Option Plan.  (For a description of the 2004 Plan, see Note 12(a) to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
The following table presents certain information about our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2007:
 
Plan category
 
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights
   
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
   
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in the first column of this table)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
    962,000     $ 9.33       1,918,125  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
    -       -       -  
  Total
    962,000     $ 9.33       1,918,125  
                         
 
 
 
 

16


Item 6.  Selected Financial Data.
 
Set forth below is our selected financial data which should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.
 
   
For the Year Ended December 31,
 
Operating Data:
 
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
   
2003
 
(In Thousands, Except per Share Amounts)
                             
Interest and dividends on securities
  $ 380,170     $ 216,871     $ 235,798     $ 174,957     $ 119,612  
Interest income on short-term cash investments
    4,493       2,321       2,921       807       746  
Interest income on income notes
    158       -       -       -       -  
Interest expense
    (321,305 )     (181,922 )     (183,833 )     (88,888 )     (56,592 )
Net (loss) gain on sale of investment securities (1)
    (21,793 )     (23,113 )     (18,354 )     371       (265 )
Net loss on early termination of Swaps
    (384 )     -       -       -       -  
Other-than-temporary impairment on investment
  securities (1)
    -       -       (20,720 )     -       -  
Other income (2)
    2,060       2,264       1,811       1,675       1,346  
Operating and other expenses
    (13,446 )     (11,185 )     (10,829 )     (10,622 )     (8,295 )
Income from continuing operations
    29,953       5,236       6,794       78,300       56,552  
Discontinued operations, net
    257       3,522       (86 )     (227 )     1,296  
Net income
  $ 30,210     $ 8,758     $ 6,708     $ 78,073     $ 57,848  
Preferred stock dividends
    8,160       8,160       8,160       3,576       -  
Net income (loss) to common stockholders
  $ 22,050     $ 598     $ (1,452 )   $ 74,497     $ 57,848  
Earnings (loss) per common share from
  continuing operations – basic and diluted
  $ 0.24     $ (0.03 )   $ (0.02 )   $ 0.98     $ 1.05  
Earnings per common share from discontinued
  operations – basic and diluted
  $ -     $ 0.04     $ -     $ -     $ .02  
Earnings (loss) per common share, basic and diluted
  $ 0.24     $ 0.01     $ (0.02 )   $ 0.98     $ 1.07  
Dividends declared per share of common stock (3)
  $ 0.415     $ 0.210     $ 0.405     $ 0.960     $ 1.090  
Dividends declared per share of preferred stock
  $ 2.125     $ 2.125     $ 2.125     $ 1.440     $ -  
                                         
   
   
   
At December 31,
 
Balance Sheet Data:
 
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
   
2003
 
(In Thousands)
                                       
MBS
  $ 8,301,183     $ 6,340,668     $ 5,714,906     $ 6,777,574     $ 4,372,718  
Total assets
    8,605,859       6,443,967       5,846,917       6,913,684       4,564,930  
Repurchase agreements
    7,526,014       5,722,711       5,099,532       6,113,032       4,024,376  
Preferred stock, liquidation preference (4)
    96,000       96,000       96,000       96,000       -  
Total stockholders’ equity
    927,263       678,558       661,102       728,834       484,958  
                                         
 
 
(1)
During 2007, we selectively sold $844.5 million of Agency and AAA rated MBS, resulting in a realized net loss of $21.8 million. These sales were primarily made in the third quarter of 2007. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2005 through the second quarter of 2006, we reduced our asset base through a strategy under which we, among other things, sold our higher duration and lower yielding MBS. During 2006, we sold approximately $1.844 billion of MBS, realizing net losses of $23.1 million, comprised of gross losses of $25.2 million and gross gains of $2.1 million. For 2005, the repositioning involved the sale of $564.8 million of MBS, which resulted in an $18.4 million loss on sale, and an impairment charge of $20.7 million against certain MBS with an amortized cost of $842.2 million.
 
(2)
Results of operations for real estate sold has been reclassified to discontinued operations for each of the prior periods presented.
 
(3)
We generally declare dividends on our common stock in the month subsequent to the end of each calendar quarter, with the exception of the fourth quarter dividend which is typically declared during the fourth calendar quarter for tax purposes.
 
(4)
Reflects the aggregate liquidation preference on the 3,840,000 outstanding shares of our 8.50% Series A Cumulative Redeemable preferred stock, par value $0.01. Our preferred stock is redeemable exclusively at our option at $25.00 per share plus accrued interest and unpaid dividends (whether or not declared) commencing on April 27, 2009. No dividends may be paid on our common stock unless full cumulative dividends have been paid on our preferred stock. From the date of our original issuance in April 2004 through December 31, 2007, we have paid full quarterly dividends on our preferred stock.

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Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
 
GENERAL
 
At December 31, 2007, 99.7% of our assets consisted of Agency MBS, AAA rated MBS, MBS-related receivables, cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash.  In addition, at December 31, 2007, we held a 100% indirect interest a multi-family apartment property and $7.9 million of Non-Agency MBS and other securities rated below AAA or unrated (none of which were backed by subprime collateral).  Through wholly-owned subsidiaries, we also provide third-party investment advisory services.
 
Our principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to our stockholders resulting from the spread between the interest and other income we earn on our investments and the interest expense we pay on the borrowings that we use to finance our investments and our operating costs.
 
The results of our business operations are affected by a number of factors and primarily depend on, among other things, the level of our net interest income, the market value of our assets and the supply of, and demand for, MBS in the market place.  Our net interest income varies primarily as a result of changes in interest rates, the slope of the yield curve, borrowing costs (i.e., our interest expense) and prepayment speeds on our MBS portfolio, the behavior of which involves various risks and uncertainties.  Interest rates and prepayment speeds, as measured by the CPR, vary according to the type of investment, conditions in the financial markets, competition and other factors, none of which can be predicted with any certainty.
 
With respect to our business operations, increases in interest rates, in general, may over time cause: (i) the interest expense associated with our borrowings, which are primarily comprised of repurchase agreements, to increase; (ii) the value of our MBS portfolio and, correspondingly, our stockholders’ equity to decline; (iii) coupons on our MBS to reset, although on a delayed basis, to higher interest rates; (iv) prepayments on our MBS portfolio to slow, thereby slowing the amortization of our MBS purchase premiums; and (v) the value of our Swaps and, correspondingly, our stockholders’ equity to increase.  Conversely, decreases in interest rates, in general, may over time cause: (i) prepayments on our MBS portfolio to increase, thereby accelerating the amortization of our MBS purchase premiums; (ii) the interest expense associated with our borrowings to decrease; (iii) the value of our MBS portfolio and, correspondingly, our stockholders’ equity to increase; (iv) the value of our Swaps and, correspondingly, our stockholders’ equity to decrease, and (v) coupons on our MBS assets to reset, although on a delayed basis, to lower interest rates.  In addition, our borrowing costs and credit lines are further affected by the type of collateral pledged and general conditions in the credit market.
 
We expect that over time ARM-MBS experience higher prepayment rates than do fixed-rate MBS, as we believe that homeowners with ARMs exhibit more rapid housing turnover levels or refinancing activity compared to fixed-rate borrowers.  In addition, we anticipate that prepayments on ARM-MBS accelerate significantly as the coupon reset date approaches.  Over the last consecutive eight quarters, ending with December 31, 2007, the CPR on our MBS portfolio has ranged from a low of 13.4% to a high of 26.4%, with an average quarterly CPR of 21.8%.  Our premium amortization, which reduces the yield earned on our MBS, is impacted by the amount of our purchase premiums relative to our MBS investments and is also affected by the speed at which our MBS prepay.  At December 31, 2007, we had net purchase premiums of $101.6 million, or 1.2% of current par value, compared to $98.8 million of net purchase premiums, or 1.6% of par balance, at December 31, 2006.
 
During each of the last three quarters of the year ended December 31, 2007, our CPR declined.  We believe that our investments in 7/1 and 10/1 MBS, which have longer fixed-rate periods (i.e., seven years for a 7/1 and 10 years for a 10/1), weakness in the housing market and the tightening of underwriting standards on mortgage loans contributed to reducing the speed at which our MBS prepay.  As of December 31, 2007, assuming a 20% CPR, which approximates the speed at which we estimate that our MBS will prepay over time, approximately 31.3% of our MBS assets were expected to reset or prepay during the next 12 months, with a total of 84.6% expected to reset or prepay during the next 60 months, with an average time period until our assets prepay or reset of approximately 33 months.  Our repurchase agreements, extended on average approximately 23 months, including the impact of Swaps, resulting in an asset/liability mismatch of approximately 10 months, assuming a 20% CPR, at December 31, 2007.
 

18


The following table presents the quarterly average CPR experienced on our MBS portfolio, on an annualized basis:
 
   
CPR
 
Quarter Ended
 
2007
   
2006
 
December 31
    13.4 %     26.0 %
September 30
    18.1       26.4  
June 30
    22.5       26.1  
March 31
    23.8       24.4  
 
 
The ARMs collateralizing our MBS are primarily comprised of Hybrids, which have interest rates that are fixed typically fixed for three to ten years and, thereafter, generally adjust annually to an increment over a specified interest rate index and, to a lesser extent, adjustable-rate mortgage loans, which have interest rates that generally adjust annually (although some may adjust more frequently) to an increment over a specified interest rate index.  The following table presents information about the interim and lifetime caps on our ARM-MBS portfolio at December 31, 2007.
 
 
Lifetime Caps on ARM-MBS
 
Interim Interest Rate Caps on ARM-MBS
   
% of Total
     
% of Total
   8.0% to 10.0%
 
                 9.1%
 
1.0%
 
                 2.6%
>10.0% to 12.0%
 
               80.2
 
2.0% and 3.0%
 
                 5.3
>12.0% to 15.0%
 
               10.7
 
5.0% and 6.0%
 
               86.5
   
             100.0%
 
8.5% to 13.1%
 
                 5.6
           
             100.0%
 
It is our business strategy to hold our investment securities, primarily comprised of MBS, as long-term investments.  As such, on at least a quarterly basis, we assess both our ability and intent to continue to hold each of our investment securities.  As part of this process, we monitor our investment securities for other-than-temporary impairment.  A change in our ability and/or intent to continue to hold any of our investment securities could result in our recognizing an impairment charge or realizing losses upon the sale of such securities.  At December 31, 2007, we had net unrealized gains of $29.2 million on our investment securities portfolio, comprised of gross unrealized gains of $48.6 million and gross unrealized losses of $19.4 million.  We expect to hold our investment securities which were in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2007 until such time that we recover such losses or until maturity.
 
During 2007, as part of our hedging strategy, we: (i) entered into 106 new Swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $3.965 billion; (ii) had Swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $841.1 million expire and (iii) terminated six Swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $305.2 million, in connection with the satisfaction of the repurchase agreements that such Swaps hedged, and realized a net loss of $384,000.  We paid a weighted average fixed rate of 4.97% on our Swaps and received a variable rate of 5.20% for the year ended December 31, 2007.  Our Swaps resulted in a net reduction of interest expense of $6.5 million, or ten basis points, for the year ended December 31, 2007.  At December 31, 2007, we had repurchase agreements of $7.526 billion and Swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $4.628 billion.  During the year ended December 31, 2007, we received payments of approximately $327,000 on our Caps and recognized $278,000 of Cap premium amortization.  During 2007, we did not purchase any Caps and had all of our remaining Caps with $150.0 million notional amount expire.  (See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
On February 12, 2008, MFResidential Investments, Inc., a newly-organized Maryland corporation (or MFResidential), filed its initial registration statement on Form S-11 with the SEC.  MFResidential’s business strategy will be to invest primarily, on a leveraged basis, in residential MBS, residential mortgage loans and other real estate-related financial assets.  MFResidential will be externally managed by one of our subsidiaries, for which we will, indirectly, be entitled to receive management fee income pursuant to a written management agreement.  In addition, in connection with its initial public offering, we have agreed to make an investment in MFResidential and/or its operating partnership subsidiary equal in the aggregate to 9.8% of the outstanding shares of common stock of MFResidential after giving effect to such offering.  In addition, we will continue to explore alternative business strategies, investments and financing sources and other strategic initiatives, including, but not limited to, the expansion of our third-party advisory services, the creation of new investment vehicles to manage MBS and/or other
 
 
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real estate-related assets and the creation and/or acquisition of a third-party asset management business to complement our core business strategy of investing, on a leveraged basis, in high quality ARM-MBS.  However, no assurance can be provided that any such strategic initiatives will or will not be implemented in the future or, if undertaken, that any such strategic initiatives will favorably impact us.
 
The interest rates on our ARM-MBS reset based upon the benchmark interest rates to which they are indexed.  At December 31, 2007, our ARM-MBS were indexed as follows:  67.5% to 12-month LIBOR; 11.3% to 6-month LIBOR; 15.5% to the one-year CMT, 5.2% to the 12-month MTA and 0.5% to COFI.
 
The following table presents the quarterly average of certain benchmark interest rates during 2007 and 2006:
 
Year
 
Quarter Ended
 
30-Day LIBOR
   
6-Month LIBOR
   
12-Month LIBOR
   
1-Year CMT
   
2-Year Treasury
   
10-Year
Treasury
 
2007
 
December 31
    4.60 %     4.60 %     4.22 %     3.34 %     3.05 %     4.03 %
   
September 30
    5.12       5.13       4.90       4.05       3.96       4.58  
   
June 30
    5.32       5.39       5.43       4.91       4.88       5.03  
   
March 31
    5.32       5.33       5.22       4.90       4.58       4.65  
                                                     
2006
 
December 31
    5.33 %     5.37 %     5.30 %     4.99 %     4.74 %     4.63 %
   
September 30
    5.35       5.49       5.51       5.09       4.93       4.89  
   
June 30
    5.09       5.34       5.45       5.02       4.99       5.07  
   
March 31
    4.61       4.91       5.04       4.64       4.59       4.57  
 
 
Market Conditions
 
During 2007, concerns about increased mortgage delinquencies led investors to question the underlying risk and value of MBS across the ratings spectrum.  Since the beginning of July, banks, brokers and insurers have announced many billions in losses from exposure to the U.S. mortgage credit market.  These losses have reduced financial industry capital and have led to reduced liquidity.  This reduced liquidity has in turn led to forced asset sales providing attractive spread investment opportunities for MFA.
 
From September 18, 2007 to December 31, 2007, the Federal Reserve (or the Fed) decreased the target federal funds rate on three occasions, by an aggregate of 100 basis points from 5.25% to 4.25%.  Beginning in the latter part of the third quarter of 2007, spreads on MBS, relative to our cost of funding, widened.  We took advantage of these market conditions by raising additional capital.  From September 12, 2007 through December 31, 2007, we raised aggregate net proceeds of $277.1 million from the issuance of approximately 38.0 million shares of our common stock in three separate public offerings.  We invested the net cash proceeds, on a leveraged basis, in Agency ARM-MBS, with initial fixed rate periods ranging from three to ten years (i.e., 3/1 through 10/1 Hybrid ARMs).  On January 16, 2008, we announced a public offering of our common stock, which settled on January 23, 2008.  Through this offering, we raised net proceeds of $253.0 million from the issuance of approximately 28.8 million shares of our common stock.
 
On January 30, 2008, following a 75 basis point inter-meeting rate cut the previous week, the Fed lowered the target federal funds rate an additional 50 basis points to 3.00%.  The investment of the proceeds from our equity offerings, on a leverage basis, along with our reduced funding costs due to declines in interest rates should lead to increased spreads in the first quarter of 2008.
 
At December 31, 2007, our MBS portfolio was $8.301 billion, compared to $6.341 billion at December 31, 2006.  Our leverage ratio, as measured by assets-to-equity, was 9.3 to 1 at December 31, 2007 compared to 9.5 to 1 at December 31, 2006.  (See Notes 9(c) and 9(d) to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8.)
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Year Ended December 31, 2007 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2006
 
For 2007, we had net income available to our common stockholders of $22.1 million, or $0.24 per common share, compared to net income of $598,000, or $0.01 per share, for 2006.  During 2007 and 2006, we repositioned
 
 
20

 
our MBS portfolio, realizing net losses on the sale of MBS of $21.8 million and $23.1 million, respectively.  In addition, our 2006 net income was positively impacted by the net results of our discontinued operations, which was comprised of a net gain realized on the sale of two multi-family apartment properties net of such properties’ operating losses.
 
Interest income on our investment securities portfolio for 2007 increased by $163.4 million, or 75.4%, to $380.3 million compared to $216.9 million for 2006.  This increase in interest income reflects the growth in, and an increase in the yield earned on, our MBS portfolio.  Our MBS yield was positively impacted by purchases of higher yielding 7/1 and 10/1 MBS and the repositioning of our portfolio in response to market conditions, whereby, in addition to reducing our non-Agency MBS concentration, we sold lower yielding, longer duration Agency MBS.  Excluding changes in market values, our average investment in MBS increased by $2.142 billion, or 45.2%, to $6.887 billion for 2007 from $4.744 billion for 2006.  The net yield on our MBS portfolio increased to 5.52% for 2007 from 4.57% for 2006.  This increase primarily reflects a 66 basis point increase in the gross yield on the MBS portfolio to 6.11% for 2007 from 5.45% for 2006 and a 27 basis point reduction in the cost of net premium amortization.  The cost of our premium amortization decreased to 41 basis points for 2007 from 68 basis points for 2006.  This decrease in the cost of our premium amortization during 2007 reflects a decrease in the average CPR experienced on our portfolio to 19.1% for 2007 from 25.7% for 2006 as well as a decrease in the average purchase premium on our MBS portfolio to 1.4% for 2007 from 1.8 % for 2006.
 
The following table presents the components of the net yield earned on our MBS portfolio for the quarterly periods presented:
 
Year
 
Quarter Ended
 
Gross Yield/Stated Coupon
   
Net Premium Amortization
   
Cost of Delay for Principal
 Receivable
   
Net Yield
 
2007
 
December 31
    6.12 %     (0.25 )%     (0.14 )%     5.73 %
   
September 30
    6.12       (0.38 )     (0.16 )     5.58  
   
June 30
    6.09       (0.50 )     (0.19 )     5.40  
   
March 31
    6.11       (0.55 )     (0.21 )     5.35  
                                     
2006
 
December 31
    6.04 %     (0.64 )%     (0.22 )%     5.18 %
   
September 30
    5.74       (0.70 )     (0.21 )     4.83  
   
June 30
    5.16       (0.76 )     (0.19 )     4.21  
   
March 31
    4.86       (0.64 ) (1)     (0.18 )     4.04  
 
(1) The cost of net premium amortization for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 was lower as a result of a $20.7 million impairment charge taken against certain MBS at December 31, 2005.  This impairment charge resulted in a new cost basis for the MBS that were identified as impaired which reduced our purchase premiums on these assets, which in turn reduced our purchase premium amortization as they were sold or prepaid.  During the quarter ended March 31, 2006, we sold all of the MBS that were identified as impaired.
 
Interest income from our cash investments increased by $2.2 million to $4.5 million for 2007 from $2.3 million for 2006.  Our average cash investments increased by $43.4 million to $93.4 million for 2007 compared to $50.0 million for 2006 and yielded 4.81% for 2007 compared to 4.65% for 2006.  In general, we manage our cash investments relative to our investing, financing, operating requirements, investment opportunities and current and anticipated market conditions.  During the third quarter ended September 30, 2007, our yield on cash investments began to decline, in line with declining market interest rates.  We expect that the yield on our cash investments will continue to follow the direction of Fed changes to the target federal funds rate.
 
Our borrowings under repurchase agreements increased as we leveraged equity capital raised during 2007 to grow our MBS portfolio.  Our average repurchase agreements for 2007 increased by $2.141 billion, or 52.4%, to $6.229 billion from $4.088 billion for 2006.  We experienced a 71 basis point increase in our effective cost of borrowing to 5.16% for 2007 from 4.45% for 2006.  This increase in rate paid on our borrowings reflects the higher market rates paid on incremental borrowings and repurchase agreements that matured during 2007.  Our Hedging Instruments reduced the cost of our borrowings by $6.6 million, or ten basis points, for 2007 and $5.2 million, or 13 basis points, for 2006.  Our interest expense for 2007 increased by 76.6% to $321.3 million, from $181.9 million for 2006, reflecting an increase in the amount of, and interest rate paid on, our borrowings.
 
Our cost of funding on the hedged portion of our repurchase agreements is in effect fixed, over the term of the related Swap, such that the interest rate on our hedged repurchase agreements will not decrease in connection with the recent decline in market interest rates, but rather will remain at the fixed Swap rate over the term of the Swap.  At December 31, 2007, we had repurchase agreements of $7.526 billion and Swaps with an aggregate notional
 
 
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amount of $4.628 billion which had a weighted average fixed pay rate of 4.83% and a weighted average remaining term of 30 months.  The remainder of our repurchase agreements, which are not hedged, had a weighted average term to maturity of 15 months at December 31, 2007.  (See Notes 2(n) and 5 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
For 2007, our net interest income increased by $26.2 million, or 70.4%, to $63.5 million, from $37.3 million for 2006.  This increase reflects the growth in our interest-earning assets, an increase in the yield on our MBS and an improvement in our net interest spread as MBS yields relative to our cost of funding widened.  For 2007, our net interest spread and margin increased to 0.35% and 0.91%, respectively, from 0.12% and 0.78%, respectively, for 2006.  The following table presents quarterly information regarding our net interest spread and net interest margin (which is net interest income divided by interest-earning assets) for the quarters presented.
 
For the
Quarter Ended
 
Net Interest Spread
   
Net Interest Margin
 
December 31, 2007
    0.65 %     1.22 %
September 30, 2007
    0.36 %     0.90 %
June 30, 2007
    0.20       0.74  
March 31, 2007
    0.16       0.73  
December 31, 2006
    0.08       0.72  
 
The following table presents information regarding our average balances, interest income and expense, yields on interest earning assets, cost of funds and net interest income for the quarterly periods presented.
 
For the Quarter Ended
 
Average Amortized Cost of MBS (1)
   
Interest Income on Investment Securities
   
Average Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
   
Total Interest Income
   
Yield on Average Interest-Earning Assets
   
Average Balance of Repurchase Agreements
   
Interest Expense
   
Average Cost of Funds
   
Net Interest Income
 
(Dollars in Thousands)
                                                 
December 31, 2007
  $ 7,681,065     $ 109,999     $ 196,344     $ 112,284       5.70 %   $ 6,975,521     $ 88,881       5.05 %   $ 23,403  
September 30, 2007
    6,852,994       95,590       90,006       96,716       5.57       6,225,695       81,816       5.21       14,900  
June 30, 2007
    6,696,979       90,392       51,160       91,026       5.39       6,051,209       78,348       5.19       12,678  
March 31, 2007
    6,300,491       84,347       34,443       84,795       5.35       5,647,700       72,260       5.19       12,535  
December 31, 2006
    5,469,461       70,836       52,412       71,480       5.18       4,833,897       62,114       5.10       9,366  
 
(1) Unrealized gains and losses are not reflected in the average amortized cost of MBS.
 
 
For 2007, we had a net other loss of $20.1 million compared to a net other loss of $20.8 million for 2006.  Our net other losses for both periods were primarily comprised of losses realized on sales of our MBS.  During 2007, we realized losses of $21.8 million on sales of Agency and AAA rated MBS, which primarily occurred during the third quarter of 2007.  As a result of these sales, we decreased the size of our non-Agency MBS portfolio and positively impacted the spreads earned on our MBS portfolio by disposing of lower-yielding Agency MBS acquired prior to 2006.  During 2006, we realized a net loss of $23.1 million on sales of MBS, as a result of the repositioning of our MBS portfolio.
 
During 2007, we realized a net loss of $384,000 on the early termination of six Swaps, which had an aggregate notional amount of $305.2 million, upon the satisfaction of the repurchase agreements that such Swaps hedged.  We earned $424,000 and $724,000 in advisory fees during 2007 and 2006, respectively, which are included in miscellaneous other income, net.  Revenue from our real estate investment remained relatively flat at approximately $1.6 million.  (See Note 6(a) to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
For 2007, we had operating and other expenses of $13.4 million, including real estate operating expenses and mortgage interest totaling $1.8 million attributable to our one remaining real estate investment.  For 2007, our non-real estate related overhead, comprised of compensation and benefits and other general and administrative expense, was $11.7 million, or 0.17% of average assets, compared to $9.6 million, or 0.20% of average assets, for 2006.  Our expenses as a percentage of our average assets decreased, as we grew our average assets by leveraging our existing and new equity capital during 2007.  The cost of our compensation and benefits increased by $890,000 for 2007 compared to the 2006, reflecting an increase in compensation to existing employees and our additional hires.  Our compensation expense of $6.6 million for 2007 included aggregate non-cash share-based expenses of $512,000,
 
 
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compared to $539,000 for 2006.  (See Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)  Our other general and administrative expenses for 2007 were comprised primarily of the cost of professional services, including auditing and legal fees, costs of complying with the provisions of the SOX Act, office rent, corporate insurance, Board fees and miscellaneous other operating costs.  The increase in our other general and administrative expense for 2007 to $5.1 million from $3.8 million for 2006, primarily reflects the cost of our additional office space as we grew and the renewal of our existing lease at our headquarters at current market rates commencing with the second quarter of 2007.
 
For 2007, we recognized $257,000 of income from discontinued operations related to a reduction of the $1.8 million built-in-gains tax of recognized on the sale of the Greenhouse, a 128-unit multi-family apartment building in Omaha, Nebraska, during 2006.  During 2006, we reported income of $3.5 million from discontinued operations, or $0.04 per common share, which primarily reflected a net gain of $4.4 million realized on sales of two real estate properties and related prepayment penalties of $712,000 incurred on the satisfaction of the mortgages secured by those properties.  The loss of $198,000 from discontinued operations for 2006 reflected the reclassified net results of operations for the two properties sold during such year.  (See Notes 2(h) and 6 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005
 
In accordance with applicable GAAP, revenues and expenses for our indirect interests in properties classified as held-for-sale or sold have been reported on a net basis as a component of discontinued operations, for each of the periods presented.  (See Notes 2(h) and 6 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
For 2006, we had net income available to our common stockholders of $598,000, or a $0.01 per common share, compared to a net loss of $1.5 million, or $(0.02) per share, for 2005.  Both 2006 and 2005 were transitional years that resulted in net losses from the repositioning of our MBS portfolio.  As a result of our repositioning, we realized net losses of $23.1 million on the sale of MBS during 2006 and, recognized an aggregate loss of $39.1 million, comprised of an $18.4 million loss on the sale of MBS and an impairment charge of $20.7 million, during 2005.  Our 2006 net income was positively impacted by a net gain realized on the sale of two multi-family apartment properties, which is a component of discontinued operations.  For 2006, discontinued operations, which was primarily comprised of the net gain on the sales of the two properties, increased our earnings by $3.5 million, or $0.04 per common share.  Results from discontinued operations were not meaningful for 2005.
 
Our interest income for 2006 decreased by $19.5 million, or 8.2%, to $219.2 million compared to $238.7 million for 2005.  This decrease in interest income primarily reflects the decrease in the size of our MBS portfolio, resulting from sales of certain of our MBS during 2005 and 2006 and our strategy to limit reinvestment of principal payments received on our MBS portfolio.  Excluding changes in market values, our average investment in MBS decreased by $2.046 billion, or 30.1%, to $4.744 billion for 2006 from $6.790 billion for 2005.  The net yield on our MBS portfolio increased to 4.57% for 2006 from 3.47% for 2005.  This increase primarily reflects the increase of 93 basis points in the gross yield on the MBS portfolio to 5.45% for 2006 from 4.52% for 2005 and, to a lesser extent, a 19 basis point reduction in the cost of net premium amortization to 68 basis points for 2006 from 87 basis points for 2005.  The decrease in the cost of our premium amortization during 2006 reflects a decrease in the average purchase premium on our MBS portfolio and the corresponding impact of a decrease in the CPR on our portfolio to 25.7% for 2006 from 29.8% CPR for 2005.
 

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The following table presents the components of the net yield earned on our MBS portfolio for the quarterly periods presented:
 
Year
 
Quarter Ended
 
Stated Coupon
   
Net Premium Amortization
   
Cost of Delay
 and Other
   
Net Yield
 
2006
 
December 31
    6.04 %     (0.64 )%     (0.22 )%     5.18 %
   
September 30
    5.74       (0.70 )     (0.21 )     4.83  
   
June 30
    5.16       (0.76 )     (0.19 )     4.21  
   
March 31
    4.86       (0.64 ) (1)     (0.18 )     4.04  
                                     
2005
 
December 31
    4.70 %     (0.90 )%     (0.18 )%     3.62 %
   
September 30
    4.55       (1.05 )     (0.19 )     3.31  
   
June 30
    4.48       (0.86 )     (0.17 )     3.45  
   
March 31
    4.36       (0.70 )     (0.15 )     3.51  
 
(1) The cost of net premium amortization for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 was lower as a result of a $20.7 million impairment charge taken against certain MBS at December 31, 2005.  This impairment charge resulted in a new cost basis for the MBS that were identified as impaired which reduced our purchase premiums on these assets, which in turn reduced our purchase premium amortization as they were sold or prepaid.  During the quarter ended March 31, 2006, we sold all of the MBS that were identified as impaired at December 31, 2005.
 
 
 
The following table presents the quarterly average CPR experienced on our MBS portfolio, on an annualized basis:
 
   
CPR
 
Quarter Ended
 
2006
   
2005
 
December 31
    26.0 %     31.2 %
September 30
    26.4       34.9  
June 30
    26.1       29.3  
March 31
    24.4       24.1  
 
 
Interest income from our cash investments, comprised of money market/sweep accounts, decreased by $600,000 to $2.3 million for 2006 from $2.9 million for 2005.  While our yield on cash investments increased to 4.65% for 2006, compared to 3.17% for 2005, reflecting market increases in short-term interest rates, our average investment in cash investments decreased to $50.0 million for 2006 compared to $92.0 million for 2005.  In general, we manage our cash investments relative to our investing, financing and operating requirements and investment opportunities.
 
Our interest expense for 2006 decreased by 1.0% to $181.9 million, from $183.8 million for 2005.  This decrease in interest expense for 2006 reflects the reduction in our borrowings, which was partially offset by an increase in the rate paid on our borrowings.  Our borrowings declined as a result of a reduction of our assets and liabilities during the period beginning in the fourth quarter of 2005 through the second quarter of 2006.  Our average liability under repurchase agreements for 2006 was $4.088 billion, compared to $6.103 billion for 2005, while our cost of borrowings increased to 4.45% for 2006, from 3.01% for 2005.  This increase in our cost of borrowings reflects the increase in short-term market interest rates.  Our Hedging Instruments decreased the cost of our borrowings by $5.2 million, or 13 basis points for 2006, while such instruments increased our cost of borrowings by $1.2 million, or two basis points for 2005.  (See Notes 2(n) and 5 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
For 2006, our net interest income decreased by $17.6 million, or 32.1%, to $37.3 million, from $54.9 million for 2005, reflecting the decrease in the size of both our MBS portfolio and borrowings.  Further, the increase in interest rates, along with the flattened and at times inverted yield curve during 2006, reduced our net interest spread and margin to 0.12% and 0.78%, respectively, for 2006, from 0.46% and 0.80%, respectively, for 2005.
 

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The following table presents quarterly information regarding our average balances, interest income and expense, yields, cost of funds and net interest income for the quarters presented.
 
For the Quarter Ended
 
Average Amortized Cost of MBS (1)
   
Interest Income on MBS
   
Average Cash and Cash Equivalents
   
Total Interest Income
   
Yield on Average Interest-Earning Assets
   
Average Balance of Repurchase Agreements
   
Interest Expense
   
Average Cost of Funds
   
Net Interest Income
 
(Dollars in Thousands)
                                                 
December 31, 2006
  $ 5,469,461     $ 70,836     $ 52,412     $ 71,480       5.18 %   $ 4,833,897     $ 62,114       5.10 %   $ 9,366  
September 30, 2006
    3,899,728       47,061       39,240       47,532       4.83       3,245,774       38,205       4.67       9,327  
June 30, 2006
    4,337,887       45,645       47,266       46,185       4.21       3,672,905       38,818       4.24       7,367  
March 31, 2006
    5,276,973       53,329       61,126       53,995       4.05       4,605,790       42,785       3.77       11,210  
December 31, 2005
    6,378,629       57,708       115,619       58,806       3.62       5,718,634       48,498       3.36       10,308  
(1) Unrealized gains/(losses) are not reflected in the average amortized cost of MBS, while other-than-temporary impairment charges are.
 
 
For 2006, we realized net other operating losses of $20.8 million, comprised primarily of $23.1 million of net losses on sales of MBS, as a result of the repositioning of our MBS portfolio.  Our remaining real estate investment, which is not considered a material component of our operations, generated revenue of $1.6 million for 2006 compared to $1.5 million for 2005.  We earned $708,000 of miscellaneous other income, net, comprised primarily of advisory fees of $724,000 for 2006, compared to $444,000 for 2005.
 
During 2006, we had operating and other expenses of $11.2 million, including real estate operating expenses and mortgage interest of $1.6 million attributable to our remaining real estate investment.  (See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)  For 2006, our non-real estate related overhead, comprised of compensation and benefits and other general and administrative expense, was $9.6 million, or 0.20% of average assets, compared to $9.2 million, or 0.13% of average assets, for 2005.  Our compensation expense of $5.7 million included a non-cash share-based expense of $539,000, of which $374,000 represented the vesting of stock options and $165,000 was for restricted stock granted during 2006.  The increase in our expenses as a percentage of our average assets for 2006 reflects the decrease in the size of our average assets resulting from our MBS sales during 2006.  Other general and administrative expenses, which were $3.8 million for 2006 compared to $3.7 million for 2005, are comprised primarily of the cost of professional services, including auditing and legal fees, and include the cost of complying with the provisions of the SOX Act, corporate insurance, office rent, Board fees and miscellaneous other operating overhead.
 
During 2006, we reported income of $3.5 million from discontinued operations, or $0.04 per common share, which primarily reflects a net gain of $4.4 million realized on sales of two real estate properties and related prepayment penalties of $712,000 we incurred on the satisfaction of the mortgages secured by those properties.  The loss of $198,000 from discontinued operations reflects the reclassified net results of operations for the two properties sold during 2006.  (See Notes 2(h) and 6 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Our management has the obligation to ensure that our policies and methodologies are in accordance with GAAP.  During 2007, management reviewed and evaluated our critical accounting policies and believes them to be appropriate.
 
Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and all majority owned and controlled subsidiaries.  The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions in certain circumstances that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements.  In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management has made estimates and judgments of certain amounts included in the consolidated financial statements, giving due consideration to materiality.  We do not believe that there is a great likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported related to accounting policies described below.  However, application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.
 

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Our accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.  Management believes the more significant of these to be as follows:
 
 
Classifications of Investment Securities and Valuations of Such Securities
 
Our investments in securities, primarily comprised of Agency and AAA rated MBS, are classified as available-for-sale securities, as discussed in Note 2(b) to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.  Although all of our MBS are carried on the balance sheet at their estimated fair value, the classification of the securities as available-for-sale results in changes in the estimated fair value being recorded as adjustments to accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss), which is a component of stockholders’ equity, rather than through earnings.  We do not intend to hold any of our investment securities for trading purposes; however, if available-for-sale securities were classified as trading securities, there could be substantially greater volatility in our earnings.
 
As noted above, all of our MBS are carried on the balance sheet at their estimated fair value.  The estimated fair values of such assets are based on prices obtained from a third-party pricing service; if pricing is not available for a particular security from the pricing service, the average of broker quotes received for such security is used to determine the estimated fair value of such security.  Given that our securities generally trade in an active market, we believe that the estimated market values presented reflect the estimated fair market value of our securities at the time of valuation.
 
When the estimated fair value of an available-for-sale security is less than amortized cost, we consider whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment in the value of the security.  If, in our judgment, an other-than-temporary impairment exists, the cost basis of the security is written down to the then-current estimated fair value, with the amount of impairment charged against earnings.  The determination of other-than-temporary impairment is a subjective on-going process, and different judgments and assumptions could affect the timing and amount of losses realized.  (See Note 2(e) to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
Interest Income Recognition
 
Interest income on our MBS is accrued based on the actual coupon rate and the outstanding principal balance of such securities.  Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted into interest income over the lives of the securities using the effective yield method, as adjusted for actual prepayments in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (or FAS) No. 91, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases”.
 
Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
 
We apply the provisions of FAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” (or FAS 133) as amended by FAS No. 138, “Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities”.
 
In accordance with FAS 133, a derivative, which is designated as a hedge, is recognized as an asset/liability and measured at estimated fair value.  To qualify for hedge accounting, we must, at inception of a hedge, anticipate and document that the hedge will be highly effective.  As long as the hedge remains effective, changes in the estimated fair value of the Hedging Instrument are included in accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of stockholders’ equity.
 
To determine the estimated fair value of our Hedging Instruments, which were entirely comprised of Swaps at December 31, 2007, we received a valuation from each Swap counterparty.  These Swap valuations approximate the amounts which we would pay or receive if we terminated the Swap at such date.  We independently review the valuations we receive from our counterparties for reasonableness relative to the forward curve to verify that the amount at which the Swap could be settled approximates its fair value.
 
No premium is paid to enter into Swaps.  Net payments received on our Swaps, if any, offset interest expense on our hedged liabilities; while net payments made by us on our Swaps, if any, increase our interest expense on our hedged liabilities.
 
In order to continue to qualify for and to apply hedge accounting, our Hedging Instruments are documented at inception and are monitored, on a quarterly basis, to determine whether they continue to be effective or, if prior to
 
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the commencement of the active period, whether the hedge is expected to be effective.  If during the term of a Hedging Instrument we determine that the hedge is not effective or that the hedge is not expected to be effective, the ineffective portion of the hedge will no longer qualify for hedge accounting and, accordingly, subsequent changes in the fair value of such Hedging Instrument would be reflected in earnings.  At December 31, 2007, we had 131 Swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $4.628 billion with net unrealized losses of $99.7 million, comprised of gross unrealized losses of $99.8 million and gross unrealized gains of $103,000.  The Company had no Caps at December 31, 2007.  (See Notes 2(n) and 5 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
Income Taxes
 
Our financial results generally do not reflect provisions for current or deferred income taxes.  We believe that we operate in, and intend to continue to operate in, a manner that allows and will continue to allow us to be taxed as a REIT.  As a result of our REIT status, we do not generally expect to pay corporate level taxes.  Many of the REIT requirements, however, are highly technical and complex.  If we were to fail to meet the REIT requirements, we would be subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes.
 
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
 
We account for our equity based compensation on a fair value basis in accordance with FAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment,” (or FAS 123R).  We expense our equity based compensation awards over the vesting period of such awards using the straight-line method, based upon the estimated fair value of such awards at the grant date.  Equity-based awards for which there is no risk of forfeiture are expensed upon grant or at such time that there is no longer a risk of forfeiture.  (See Notes 2(j) and 12(a) to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)
 
Estimating the fair value of stock options requires that we use a model to value such options.  We use the Black-Scholes-Merton option model to value our stock options.  There are limitations inherent in this model, as with all other models currently used in the market place to value stock options, as they typically were not designed to value stock options which contain significant restrictions and forfeiture risks, such as those contained in the stock options that we issue.  We make significant assumptions in order to determine our option value, all of which are subjective.
 
 
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
Our principal sources of cash generally consist of borrowings under repurchase agreements, payments of principal and interest we receive on our MBS portfolio, cash generated from our operating results and, depending on market opportunities, proceeds from capital market transactions.  We use significant cash to repay principal and interest on our repurchase agreements, purchase MBS, make dividend payments on our capital stock, fund our operations and to make other investments that we consider appropriate.  Based upon market conditions, we may also use cash to repurchase shares of our common stock pursuant to our stock repurchase program (or Repurchase Program).  We have not repurchased any shares of common stock since April 2006 and may suspend or discontinue our Repurchase Program at any time and without prior notice.
 
We employ a diverse capital raising strategy under which we may issue capital stock.  From September 2007 through December 31, 2007, we raised aggregate net proceeds of $277.1 million through the issuance of approximately 38.0 million shares of our common stock in three separate public offerings.  We used the net proceeds from these offerings to acquire additional high quality ARM-MBS, on a leveraged basis, and for working capital purposes.  In addition, during 2007, we issued 3.2 million shares of common stock pursuant to our CEO Program raising net proceeds of $23.9 million and approximately 978,000 shares of common stock pursuant to our DRSPP raising net proceeds of $8.1 million.  At December 31, 2007, we had the ability to issue an unlimited amount of common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares representing preferred stock and/or warrants pursuant to our automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3 and 8.5 million shares of common stock available for issuance pursuant to our DRSPP shelf registration statement on Form S-8.
 
To the extent we raise additional equity capital from future capital market transactions, we currently anticipate using such cash proceeds to purchase additional MBS or other securities, to make scheduled payments of principal and interest on our repurchase agreements and for other general corporate purposes.  We may also acquire additional interests in residential ARMs and/or other investments consistent with our investment strategies and operating
 
 
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policies.  There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to raise additional equity capital at any particular time or on any particular terms.
 
While we generally intend to hold our MBS as long-term investments, certain MBS may be sold in order to manage our interest rate risk and liquidity needs, meet other operating objectives and adapt to market conditions.  As such, all of our investment securities are designated as available-for-sale.  The timing and impact of future sales of investment securities, if any, cannot be predicted with any certainty.  During 2007, we received cash of $1.697 billion from prepayments and scheduled amortization on our investment securities and sold 32 MBS, generating net proceeds of $844.5 million.  Since our MBS are generally financed with repurchase agreements, a significant portion of the proceeds from our MBS sales, prepayments and scheduled amortization were used to repay balances under our repurchase agreements.  During the year ended December 31, 2007, we purchased $4.492 billion of investment securities, primarily comprised of ARM-MBS, primarily using proceeds from repurchase agreements, cash raised from the sale of our common stock and existing cash.
 
Borrowings under repurchase agreements were $7.526 billion at December 31, 2007, compared to $5.723 billion at December 31, 2006.  At December 31, 2007, our assets-to-equity ratio was 9.3 to 1.  At December 31, 2007, we had master repurchase agreements with 19 separate counterparties, had amounts outstanding under repurchase agreements with 18 of such counterparties and had available capacity under our credit limits with respect to our repurchase agreements.
 
During 2007, we paid cash dividends of $8.2 million on shares in our preferred stock and $29.3 million on our common stock.  In addition, on December 13, 2007, we declared our fourth quarter 2007 dividend on our common stock, which totaled $17.8 million and was paid on January 31, 2008 to stockholders of record on December 31, 2007.
 
Under our repurchase agreements we pledge additional assets as collateral to our repurchase agreement counterparties (i.e., lenders) when the estimated fair value of the existing pledged collateral under such agreements declines and such lenders demand additional collateral (i.e., initiate a margin call).  Margin calls result from a decline in the value of the MBS collateralizing our repurchase agreements, generally following the monthly principal reduction of such MBS due to scheduled amortization and prepayments on the underlying mortgages, changes in market interest rates, a decline in market prices affecting our MBS and other market factors.  To cover a margin call, we may pledge additional securities or cash.  At the time one of our repurchase agreement matures, cash on deposit as collateral (i.e., restricted cash), if any, would generally be applied against the repurchase agreement balance, thereby reducing the amount borrowed.  In addition, we are required to pledge MBS or cash as collateral against our Swaps.  At December 31, 2007, we had $79.9 million of MBS and $4.5 million of restricted cash pledged as collateral against our Swaps, which had notional amount of $4.628 billion.  As interest rates decline, the value of our Swaps generally decreases, resulting in margin calls.  We believe that we will be able to meet our Swap margin calls.  Cash collateral on Swaps and repurchase agreements is held in interest-bearing deposit accounts with lenders, and is reported on our balance sheet as “restricted cash”.  Collateral pledged against Swaps is returned to us when margin requirements are exceeded or when a Swap is terminated or expires.
 
Through December 31, 2007, we satisfied all of our margin calls with either cash or an additional pledge of MBS collateral.  At December 31, 2007, we had MBS with a fair value of $254.2 million that were not pledged as collateral and $234.4 million of cash.  We believe that we have adequate financial resources to meet our obligations, including margin calls, as they come due, to fund dividends we declare and to actively pursue our investment strategies.  However, should the value of our MBS suddenly decrease, significant margin calls on our repurchase agreements could result, causing an adverse change in our liquidity position.
 
The following table summarizes the effect on our liquidity and cash flows of contractual obligations for the principal amounts due on our repurchase agreements, non-cancelable office leases and the mortgage loan on the property held by our real estate subsidiaries at December 31, 2007:
 
(In Thousands)
 
2008
   
2009
   
2010
   
2011
   
2012
   
Thereafter
 
Repurchase agreements
  $ 6,079,078     $ 1,162,935     $ 75,901     $ 208,100     $ -     $ -  
Mortgage loan
    153       166       209       8,934       -       -  
Long-term lease obligations
    1,069       1,079       1,099       1,115       1,183       6,158  
    $ 6,080,300     $ 1,164,180     $ 77,209     $ 218,149     $ 1,183     $ 6,158  
 
Note:  The above table does not include interest due on our repurchase agreements, Swaps, or mortgage loan.

28


OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
 
We do not have any material off-balance-sheet arrangements.
 
INFLATION
 
Substantially all of our assets and liabilities are financial in nature.  As a result, changes in interest rates and other factors impact our performance far more than does inflation.  Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and dividends are based upon net income as calculated for tax purposes; in each case, our results of operations and reported assets, liabilities and equity are measured with reference to historical cost or fair market value without considering inflation.
 
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
When used in this annual report on Form 10-K, in future filings with the SEC or in press releases or other written or oral communications, statements which are not historical in nature, including those containing words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “should,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend” and similar expressions, are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the 1933 Act and Section 21E of the 1934 Act and, as such, may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions.
 
These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those relating to: changes in interest rates and the market value of our MBS; changes in the prepayment rates on the mortgage loans collateralizing our MBS; our ability to use borrowings to finance our assets; changes in government regulations affecting our business; our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and risks associated with investing in real estate, including changes in business conditions and the general economy.  These and other risks, uncertainties and factors, including those described in the annual, quarterly and current reports that we file with the SEC, could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements we make.  All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and we do not undertake, and specifically disclaims, any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of such statements.  See Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of this annual report on Form 10-K.
 

29


Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
 
We seek to manage our risks related to interest rates, liquidity, prepayment speeds, market value and the credit quality of our assets while, at the same time, seeking to provide an opportunity to stockholders to realize attractive total returns through ownership of our capital stock.  While we do not seek to avoid risk, we seek to: assume risk that can be quantified from historical experience, and actively manage such risk; earn sufficient returns to justify the taking of such risks; and, maintain capital levels consistent with the risks that we undertake.
 
INTEREST RATE RISK
 
We primarily invest in ARM-MBS on a leveraged basis.  We take into account both anticipated coupon resets and expected prepayments when measuring the sensitivity of our ARM-MBS portfolio to changes in interest rates.  In measuring our repricing gap (i.e., the weighted average time period until our ARM-MBS are expected to prepay or reprice less the weighted average time period for liabilities to reprice (or Repricing Gap)), we measure the difference between: (a) the weighted average months until the next coupon adjustment or projected prepayment on the ARM-MBS portfolio; and (b) the months remaining until our repurchase agreements mature, applying the same projected prepayment rate and including the impact of Swaps.  A CPR is applied in order to reflect, to a certain extent, the prepayment characteristics inherent in our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  Over the last consecutive eight quarters ended December 31, 2007, the monthly CPR on our MBS portfolio ranged from a high of 26.4% experienced during the quarter ended September 30, 2006 to a low of 13.4% experienced during the quarter ended December 31, 2007, with an average quarterly CPR of 21.8%.
 
The following table presents information at December 31, 2007 about our Repricing Gap based on contractual maturities (i.e., 0 CPR), and applying a 15% CPR, 20% CPR and 25% CPR.
 
CPR
   
Estimated Months to Asset Reset or Expected Prepayment
   
Estimated Months to Liabilities Reset (1)
   
Repricing Gap in Months
 
  0 % (2)     59       23       36  
  15 %     38       23       15  
  20 %     33       23       10  
  25 %     28       23       5  
 
 
(1)
Reflects the effect of our Swaps.
 
(2)
Reflects contractual maturities, which does not consider any prepayments.
 
At December 31, 2007, our financing obligations under repurchase agreements had remaining contractual terms of approximately five years or less.  Upon contractual maturity or an interest reset date, these borrowings are refinanced at then prevailing market rates.  However, our Swaps in effect lock-in a fixed rate of interest over the term of each of our Swaps on a corresponding portion of our repurchase agreements.  At December 31, 2007, we had repurchase agreements of $7.526 billion hedged with $4.628 billion of Swaps that had weighted average fixed-pay rate of 4.83% and extended an average of 30 months.
 
We use Swaps as part of our interest rate risk management strategy.  Our Swaps are intended to serve as a hedge against future interest rate increases on our repurchase agreements, which are typically priced off of LIBOR.  During 2007, our Swaps reduced our borrowing costs by $6.5 million, or 10 basis points.  Our Swaps result in interest savings in a rising interest rate environment, while in a declining interest rate environment result in us paying the stated fixed rate on the notional amount for each of our Swaps, which could be higher than the market rate.
 
The interest rates for most of our adjustable-rate assets are primarily dependent on LIBOR, the CMT rate or the MTA rate, while our debt obligations, in the form of repurchase agreements, are generally priced off of LIBOR.  While LIBOR and CMT generally move together, there can be no assurance that such movements will be parallel, such that the magnitude of the movement of one index will match that of the other index.  At December 31, 2007, we had 78.8% of our ARM-MBS repricing from LIBOR (of which 67.5% repriced based on 12-month LIBOR and 11.3% repriced based on six-month LIBOR), 15.5% repricing from the one-year CMT index, 5.2% repricing from MTA and 0.5% repricing from COFI.
 
Our adjustable-rate assets reset on various dates that are not matched to the reset dates on our repurchase agreements.  In general, the repricing of our repurchase agreements occurs more quickly than the repricing of our
 
 
30

 
assets.  Therefore, on average, our cost of borrowings may rise or fall more quickly in response to changes in market interest rates than would the yield on our interest-earning assets.
 
The mismatch between repricings or maturities within a time period is commonly referred to as the “gap” for that period.  A positive gap, where repricing of interest-rate sensitive assets exceeds the maturity of interest-rate sensitive liabilities, generally will result in the net interest margin increasing in a rising interest rate environment and decreasing in a falling interest rate environment; conversely, a negative gap, where the repricing of interest rate sensitive liabilities exceeds the repricing of interest-rate sensitive assets will generate opposite results.  As presented in the following table, at December 31, 2007, we had a positive gap of $287.0 million in our less than three month category.  The following gap analysis is prepared assuming a 20% CPR; however, actual future prepayment speeds could vary significantly.  The gap analysis does not reflect the constraints on the repricing of ARM-MBS in a given period resulting from interim and lifetime cap features on these securities, nor the behavior of various indices applicable to our assets and liabilities.  The gap methodology does not assess the relative sensitivity of assets and liabilities to changes in interest rates and also fails to account for interest rate caps and floors imbedded in our MBS or include assets and liabilities that are not interest rate sensitive.  The notional amount of our Swaps is presented in the following table, as they fix the cost and repricing characteristics of a portion of our repurchase agreements.  While the fair value of our Swaps are reflected in our consolidated balance sheets, the notional amounts, presented in the table below, are not.
 
The following table presents our interest rate risk using the gap methodology applying a 20% CPR on MBS at December 31, 2007.
 
   
Gap Table
 
   
At December 31, 2007
 
   
Less than 3 Months
   
Three Months to One Year
   
One Year to Two Years
   
Two Years to Three Years
   
Beyond Three Years
   
Total
 
(In Thousands)
                                   
Interest-Earning Assets:
                                   
 ARM-MBS
  $ 1,081,721     $ 1,518,486     $ 1,170,015     $ 974,247     $ 3,556,714     $ 8,301,183  
 Income notes
    -       -       -       -       1,614       1,614  
 Cash and restricted cash
    238,927       -       -       -       -       238,927  
   Total interest-earning assets
  $ 1,320,648     $ 1,518,486     $ 1,170,015     $ 974,247     $ 3,558,328     $ 8,541,724  
                                                 
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
                                               
 Repurchase agreements
  $ 5,661,178     $ 417,900     $ 1,270,736     $ 176,200     $ -     $ 7,526,014  
 Mortgage Loans
    -       -       -       -       9,462       9,462  
  Total interest-bearing liabilities
  $ 5,661,178     $ 417,900     $ 1,270,736     $ 176,200     $ 9,462     $ 7,535,476  
                                                 
Gap before Hedging Instruments
  $ (4,340,530 )   $ 1,100,586     $ (100,721 )   $ 798,047     $ 3,548,866     $ 1,006,248  
Swaps, notional amount
  $ 4,627,560       -       -       -       -     $ 4,627,560  
Cumulative Difference Between
  Interest-Earnings Assets and
  Interest Bearing Liabilities after
  Hedging Instruments
  $ 287,030     $ 1,387,616     $ 1,286,895     $ 2,084,942     $ 5,633,808          
 
 
MARKET VALUE RISK
 
All of our investment securities are designated as “available-for-sale” assets.  As such, they are reflected at their estimated fair value, with the difference between amortized cost and estimated fair value reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of Stockholders’ Equity. (See Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements, included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.)  The estimated fair value of our MBS fluctuate primarily due to changes in interest rates and other factors; however, given that, at December 31, 2007, these securities were primarily Agency MBS or AAA rated MBS, such changes in the estimated fair value of our MBS are generally not believed to be credit-related.  At December 31, 2007, we held $4.6 million of investment securities that were rated below AAA and $3.3 million of unrated securities.  Accordingly, to a limited extent, we
 
31

 
are exposed to credit-related market value risk.  The following table presents information about our non-Agency investment securities (none of which were backed by subprime collateral) held at December 31, 2007.
 
 
   
MBS Amortized Cost
   
Estimated Fair Value
   
Percent of Total
   
Weighted Average Price at December 31, 2007
 
Weighted Average Loan Age
 
Loan to Value at Origination
   
Weighted Average
FICO at
Origination (1)
 
(Dollars in Thousands)
                                     
Non-Agency MBS:
                                     
AAA rated
  $ 431,379     $ 424,954       98.56 %     98.83 %
26 months
    71 %     734  
AA rated
    1,413       1,392       0.32       98.50  
49 months
    61       744  
Single A & A - rated
    986       967       0.22       97.75  
49 months
    61       744  
BBB and BBB - rated
    559       543       0.13       96.00  
49 months
    61       744  
BB and below rated
    1,512       1,646       0.38       91.56  
34 months
    71       730  
Unrated
    2,968       1,689       0.39       1.60
(2)
25 months
    77       721  
Total Non-Agency MBS
  $ 438,817     $ 431,191       100.00 %     98.80 %
26 months
    71 %     734  
                                                   
 
(1)  FICO, named after Fair Isaac Corp., is a credit score used by major credit bureaus to indicate a borrower’s credit worthiness.
(2)  Includes an interest only net interest margin security which at December 31, 2007 had an amortized cost of 1.59% of the notional amount and an estimated market value of 1.67% of the notional amount.
   
Generally, in a rising interest rate environment, the estimated fair value of our MBS would be expected to decrease; conversely, in a decreasing interest rate environment, the estimated fair value of our MBS would be expected to increase.  If the estimated fair value of our MBS collateralizing our repurchase agreements decreases, we may receive margin calls from our repurchase agreement counterparties for additional MBS collateral or cash due to such decline.  If such margin calls were not met, the lender could liquidate the securities collateralizing our repurchase agreements with such lender, resulting in a loss to us.  In such a scenario, we could apply a strategy of reducing borrowings and assets, by selling assets or not replacing securities as they amortize and/or prepay, thereby “shrinking the balance sheet”.  Such an action would likely reduce our interest income, interest expense and net income, the extent of which would be dependent on the level of reduction in assets and liabilities as well as the sale price of the assets sold.  Such a decrease in our net interest income could negatively impact cash available for distributions, which in turn could reduce the market price of our issued and outstanding common stock and preferred stock.  Further, if we were unable to meet margin calls, lenders could sell the securities collateralizing our repurchase agreements with such lenders, which sales could result in a loss to us.
 
 
LIQUIDITY RISK
 
The primary liquidity risk for us arises from financing long-maturity assets, which have interim and lifetime interest rate adjustment caps, with shorter-term borrowings in the form of repurchase agreements.  Although the interest rate adjustments of these assets and liabilities fall within the guidelines established by our operating policies, maturities are not required to be, nor are they, matched.
 
Our assets which are pledged to secure repurchase agreements are typically high-quality MBS.  At December 31, 2007, we had cash and cash equivalents of $234.4 million and unpledged MBS of $254.2 million available to meet margin calls on our repurchase agreements and for other corporate purposes.  However, should the value of our investment securities pledged as collateral suddenly decrease, margin calls relating to our repurchase agreements could increase, causing an adverse change in our liquidity position.  As such, we cannot assure that we will always be able to roll over our repurchase agreements.
 
 
PREPAYMENT AND REINVESTMENT RISK
 
Premiums paid on our investment securities are amortized against interest income and discounts are accreted to interest income as we receive principal payments (i.e., prepayments and scheduled amortization) on such securities.  Premiums arise when we acquire MBS at a price in excess of the principal balance of the mortgages securing such
 
 
32

 
MBS (i.e., par value).  Conversely, discounts arise when we acquire MBS at a price below the principal balance of the mortgages securing such MBS.  For financial accounting purposes, interest income is accrued based on the outstanding principal balance of the investment securities and their contractual terms.  In general, purchase premiums on our investment securities, currently comprised primarily of MBS, are amortized against interest income over the lives of the securities using the effective yield method, adjusted for actual prepayment activity.  An increase in the prepayment rate, as measured by the CPR, will typically accelerate the amortization of purchase premiums, thereby reducing the yield/interest income earned on such assets.
 
For tax accounting purposes, the purchase premiums and discounts are amortized based on the constant effective yield calculated at the purchase date.  Therefore, on a tax basis, amortization of premiums and discounts will differ from those reported for financial purposes under GAAP.  At December 31, 2007, the net premium on our investment securities portfolio for financial accounting purposes was $101.6 million (1.2% of the principal balance of MBS); while the net premium for income tax purposes was estimated at $98.8 million.
 
In general, we believe that we will be able to reinvest proceeds from scheduled principal payments and prepayments at acceptable yields; however, no assurances can be given that, should significant prepayments occur, market conditions would be such that acceptable investments could be identified and the proceeds timely reinvested.
 
 
TABULAR PRESENTATION
 
The information presented in the following table projects the potential impact of sudden parallel changes in interest rates on net interest income and portfolio value, including the impact of Hedging Instruments, over the next 12 months based on the assets in our investment portfolio on December 31, 2007.  We acquire interest-rate sensitive assets and fund them with interest-rate sensitive liabilities.  All changes in income and value are measured as the percentage change from the projected net interest income and portfolio value at the base interest rate scenario.
 
Change in
Interest Rates
 
Percentage Change
in Net Interest Income
 
Percentage Change
in Portfolio Value
+   1.00%
 
(7.56%)
 
(1.04%)
+   0.50%
 
(2.49%)
 
(0.41%)
-   0.50%
 
0.47%
 
0.19%
-   1.00%
 
0.79%
 
0.15%
 
Certain assumptions have been made in connection with the calculation of the information set forth in the above table and, as such, there can be no assurance that assumed events will occur or that other events will not occur that would affect the outcomes.  The base interest rate scenario assumes interest rates at December 31, 2007.  The analysis presented utilizes assumptions and estimates based on management’s judgment and experience.  Furthermore, while we generally expect to retain such assets and the associated interest rate risk to maturity, future purchases and sales of assets could materially change our interest rate risk profile.  It should be specifically noted that the information set forth in the above table and all related disclosure constitutes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the 1933 Act and Section 21E of the 1934 Act.  Actual results could differ significantly from those estimated in the table.
 
The table quantifies the potential changes in net interest income and portfolio value should interest rates immediately change (or Shock).  The table presents the estimated impact of interest rates instantaneously rising 50 and 100 basis points, and falling 50 and 100 basis points.  The cash flows associated with the portfolio of MBS for each rate Shock are calculated based on assumptions, including, but not limited to, prepayment speeds, yield on future acquisitions, slope of the yield curve and size of the portfolio.  Assumptions made on the interest rate sensitive liabilities, which are assumed to be repurchase agreements, include anticipated interest rates, collateral requirements as a percent of the repurchase agreement, amount and term of borrowing.
 
The impact on portfolio value is approximated using the calculated effective duration (i.e., the price sensitivity to changes in interest rates) of 0.59 and expected convexity (i.e., the approximate change in duration relative to the change in interest rates) of (0.89).  The impact on net interest income is driven mainly by the difference between portfolio yield and cost of funding of our repurchase agreements, which includes the cost and/or benefit from Hedging Instruments that hedge certain of our repurchase agreements.  Our asset/liability structure is generally such that an increase in interest rates would be expected to result in a decrease in net interest income, as our repurchase agreements are generally shorter term than our interest-earning assets.  When interest rates are Shocked, prepayment assumptions are adjusted based on management’s expectations along with the results from the prepayment model.
 

33


 
Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
 
Index to Financial Statements
   
Page
     
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
  35
     
Financial Statements:
   
     
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006
  36
     
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
  37
     
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
  38
     
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
  39
     
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
  40
     
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
  41
     
All financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements and/or notes thereto.
 
Financial statements of subsidiaries have been omitted; as such entities do not individually or in the aggregate exceed the 20% threshold under either the investment or income tests.  The Company owned 100% of each of its subsidiaries.

34


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
 
To The Board of Directors and Stockholders of
MFA Mortgage Investments, Inc.
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of MFA Mortgage Investments, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity, cash flows, and comprehensive income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007.  These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of MFA Mortgage Investments, Inc. at December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the consolidated results of its operations, its cash flows, and its comprehensive income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of MFA Mortgage Investments, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 12, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
 
 
 
Ernst & Young LLP
 
New York, New York
February 12, 2008
 

35

MFA MORTGAGE INVESTMENTS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

       
   
At December 31,
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
           
Assets:
           
  Mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), at fair value (including pledged
    MBS of $8,046,947 and $6,065,021 at December 31, 2007 and 2006,
    respectively, (Notes 3 and 7)
  $ 8,301,183     $ 6,340,668  
  Income notes (Note 3)
    1,614       -  
  Cash and cash equivalents
    234,410       47,200  
  Restricted cash (Note 2d)
    4,517       -  
  Interest receivable (Note 4)
    43,610       33,182  
  Interest rate cap agreements (“Caps”), at fair value (Note 5)
    -       361  
  Swap agreements (“Swaps”), at fair value (Note 5)
    103       2,412  
  Real estate, net (Note 6)
    11,611       11,789  
  Goodwill (Note 2f)
    7,189       7,189  
  Prepaid and other assets
    1,622       1,166  
           Total Assets
  $ 8,605,859     $ 6,443,967  
                 
Liabilities:
               
  Repurchase agreements (Note 7)
  $ 7,526,014     $ 5,722,711  
  Accrued interest payable
    20,212       23,164  
  Mortgage payable on real estate (Note 6)
    9,462       9,606  
  Swaps, at fair value (Note 5)
    99,836       1,893  
  Dividends and dividend equivalents payable (Note 9(b))
    18,005       4,899  
  Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    5,067       3,136  
           Total Liabilities
    7,678,596       5,765,409  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
               
                 
Stockholders’ Equity:
               
   Preferred stock, $.01 par value; series A 8.50% cumulative redeemable;
     5,000 shares authorized; 3,840 shares issued and outstanding at
     December 31, 2007 and 2006 ($96,000 aggregate liquidation
     preference) (Note 9)
         38            38  
  Common stock, $.01 par value; 370,000 shares authorized;
     122,887 and 80,695 issued and outstanding at December 31,
     2007 and 2006, respectively  (Note 9)
    1,229       807  
  Additional paid-in capital, in excess of par
    1,085,760       776,743  
  Accumulated deficit
    (89,263 )     (68,637 )
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss  (Note 11)
    (70,501 )     (30,393 )
           Total Stockholders’ Equity
    927,263       678,558  
           Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
  $ 8,605,859     $ 6,443,967  
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
36

MFA MORTGAGE INVESTMENTS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

       
   
For the Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
 
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
                 
Interest Income:
                 
MBS income (Note 3)
  $ 380,170     $ 216,871     $ 235,798  
Interest income on short-term cash investments
    4,493       2,321       2,921  
Interest income on income notes
    158       -       -  
     Interest Income
    384,821