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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 15, 2014.

Registration No. 333-  

 

 

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM S-4

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

IHEARTCOMMUNICATIONS, INC.*

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

Texas		4832		74-1787539
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Number)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

200 East Basse Road

San Antonio, Texas 78209

Telephone: (210) 822-2828

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

Robert H. Walls, Jr.

Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

iHeartCommunications, Inc.

200 East Basse Road

San Antonio, Texas 78209

Telephone: (210) 822-2828

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

Copies to:

James S. Rowe

Brian D. Wolfe

Kirkland & Ellis LLP

300 North LaSalle

Chicago, Illinois 60654

Telephone: (312) 862-2000

* The co-registrants listed on the next page are also included in this Form S-4 Registration Statement as additional registrants.

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale of the securities to the public: The exchange will occur as soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

If the securities being registered on this Form are being offered in connection with the formation of a holding company and there is compliance with General Instruction G, check the following box. ¨

If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer		¨		Accelerated filer		¨
Non-accelerated filer		x  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)		Smaller reporting company		¨

If applicable, place an X in the box to designate the appropriate rule provision relied upon in conducting this transaction:

Exchange Act Rule 13e-4(i) (Cross-Border Issuer Tender Offer) ¨

Exchange Act Rule 14d-1(d) (Cross-Border Third-Party Tender Offer) ¨

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

Title of each class of securities to be registered		Amount to be registered		Proposed maximum         offering price         per unit(1)		Proposed maximum aggregate         offering price(1)		Amount of registration fee
9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022		$1,000,000,000		100%		$1,000,000,000		$116,200(1)
Guarantees of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022(2)		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A(3)

 

(1)	Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(f) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

(2)	See the following page for a table setting forth the guarantors, all of which are additional registrants.

(3)	No separate consideration will be received for the guarantees, and no separate fee is payable, pursuant to Rule 457(n) under the Securities Act.

 

 

The registrants hereby amend this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrants shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

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TABLE OF ADDITIONAL REGISTRANTS

 

Exact Name of Additional Registrants*		Primary Standard Industrial Classification Number		Jurisdiction of Formation		I.R.S. Employer Identification No.
iHeartMedia Capital I, LLC		4899		Delaware		27-0263715
AMFM Broadcasting, Inc.		4832		Delaware		95-4068583
AMFM Operating Inc.		4899		Delaware		13-3649750
Citicasters Licenses, Inc.		4832		Texas		90-0183894
Capstar Radio Operating Company		4832		Delaware		13-3922738
CC Broadcast Holdings, Inc.		4899		Nevada		20-2302507
Christal Radio Sales, Inc.		7311		Delaware		13-2618663
Cine Guarantors II, Inc.		4899		California		95-2960196
Citicasters Co.		4832		Ohio		31-1081002
Clear Channel Broadcasting Licenses, Inc.		4832		Nevada		88-0309517
iHeartMedia+Entertainment, Inc.		4832		Nevada		74-2722883
iHM Identity, Inc.		4899		Texas		27-1992018
Clear Channel Holdings, Inc.		4899		Nevada		88-0318078
Clear Channel Investments, Inc.		6799		Nevada		91-1883551
iHeartMedia Management Services, Inc.		8741		Texas		02-0619566
Clear Channel Mexico Holdings, Inc.		4899		Nevada		20-2303205
iHeartMedia Satellite Services, Inc.		4899		Delaware		31-1125479
Critical Mass Media, Inc.		4899		Ohio		31-1228174
Katz Communications, Inc.		7311		Delaware		13-0904500
Katz Media Group, Inc.		7311		Delaware		13-3779266
Katz Millennium Sales & Marketing Inc.		7311		Delaware		06-0963166
Katz Net Radio Sales, Inc.		7311		Delaware		74-3221051
M Street Corporation		2741		Washington		54-1526578
Premiere Networks, Inc.		4832		Delaware		95-4083971
Terrestrial RF Licensing, Inc.		4832		Nevada		55-0858211
CC Licenses, LLC		4832		Delaware		20-3498527
Clear Channel Real Estate, LLC		4899		Delaware		74-2745435
AMFM Broadcasting Licenses, LLC		4832		Delaware		01-0824545
AMFM Radio Licenses, LLC		4832		Delaware		75-2779594
AMFM Texas, LLC		4832		Delaware		74-2939082
AMFM Texas Broadcasting, LP		4832		Delaware		75-2486577
AMFM Texas Licenses, LLC		4832		Texas		75-2486580
Capstar TX, LLC		4832		Texas		13-3933048
CC Finco Holdings, LLC		4899		Delaware		26-3757034

 

*	The address and agent for service of process for each of the additional registrants are the same as for iHeartCommunications, Inc.

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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These notes may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell nor is it an offer to buy these notes in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED DECEMBER 15 , 2014

 

PROSPECTUS

IHEARTCOMMUNICATIONS, INC.

Exchange Offer for

$1,000,000,000 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022

 

 

We are offering (the “exchange offer”) to exchange up to $1,000,000,000 aggregate principal amount of our new 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022 (the “exchange notes”), which will be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), for up to $1,000,000,000 aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022, of which we issued $750,000,000 on September 10, 2014 and $250,000,000 on September 29, 2014 (collectively, the “outstanding notes”). We refer to the outstanding notes and the exchange notes collectively as the “notes.” We refer to the notes and our other outstanding priority guarantee notes collectively as the “priority guarantee notes.”

Material Terms of the Exchange Offer

 

We are not asking you for a proxy and you are not requested to send us a proxy.

For a discussion of certain factors that you should consider before participating in the exchange offer, see “Risk Factors” beginning on page 15 of this prospectus.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the exchange notes to be distributed in the exchange offer, nor have any of these organizations determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

We have filed a registration statement on Form S-4 to register with the SEC the exchange notes to be issued in the exchange offer. This prospectus is part of that registration statement.

Each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account pursuant to the exchange offer must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of such exchange notes. This prospectus, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used by a broker-dealer in connection with resales of exchange notes received in exchange for outstanding notes where such outstanding notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities. We have agreed that, starting on the expiration date (as defined herein) and ending on the close of business 180 days after the expiration date, we will make this prospectus available to any broker-dealer for use in connection with any such resale. See “Plan of Distribution.”

THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS IS             .

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You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different or additional information. If anyone provides you with different or additional information, you should not rely on it. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since then. We are not making an offer to sell the exchange notes offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The financial statements and related footnotes included in this prospectus are those of iHeartMedia Capital I, LLC (formerly known as Clear Channel Capital I, LLC) (“iHeart Capital”), the direct parent of iHeartCommunications, Inc. (“iHeart”), which is a guarantor of the notes. The financial statements included in this prospectus contain certain footnote disclosures regarding the financial information of iHeart and iHeart’s domestic wholly-owned subsidiaries that guarantee certain of iHeart’s outstanding indebtedness. iHeart Capital does not have any operations of its own, and, as a result, the financial statements of iHeart Capital reflect the financial condition and results of iHeart. All other data and information in this prospectus are that of iHeart and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated.

iHeart Capital and iHeart are indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of iHeartMedia, Inc. (formerly known as CC Media Holdings, Inc.) (“Parent”), which was formed in May 2007 by private equity funds managed by Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. (“THL”) and Bain Capital Partners, LLC (“Bain Capital” and together with THL, the “Sponsors”) for the purpose of acquiring the business of iHeart. On July 30, 2008, Parent acquired iHeart. The acquisition was effected by the merger of an entity formed by the Sponsors, then an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, with and into iHeart.

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains certain statements that are, or may be deemed to be, “forward-looking statements.” These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, our forward-looking statements. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates” and other similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would” and “could” are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Readers should not rely solely on the forward-looking statements and should consider all uncertainties and risks throughout this prospectus, including those set forth under “Risk Factors.” The statements are representative only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement.

All forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to risks and uncertainties. Our actual future results may differ materially from those set forth in our forward-looking statements. We face risks that are inherent in the businesses and the market places in which we operate. While management believes these forward-looking statements are accurate and reasonable, uncertainties, risks and factors, including those described below and under “Risk Factors,” could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements.

Factors that may cause the actual outcome and results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements include, but are not necessarily limited to:

 

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the impact of our substantial indebtedness, including the effect of our leverage on our financial position and earnings;

 

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our ability to generate sufficient cash from operations or other liquidity-generating transactions and our need to allocate significant amounts of our cash to make payments on our indebtedness, which in turn could reduce our financial flexibility and ability to fund other activities;

 

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risks associated with weak or uncertain global economic conditions and their impact on the capital markets;

 

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other general economic and political conditions in the United States and in other countries in which we currently do business, including those resulting from recessions, political events and acts or threats of terrorism or military conflicts;

 

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industry conditions, including competition;

 

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the level of expenditures on advertising;

 

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legislative or regulatory requirements;

 

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fluctuations in operating costs;

 

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technological changes and innovations;

 

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changes in labor conditions, including on-air talent, program hosts and management;

 

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capital expenditure requirements;

 

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risks of doing business in foreign countries;

 

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fluctuations in exchange rates and currency values;

 

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the outcome of pending and future litigation;

 

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taxes and tax disputes;

 

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changes in interest rates;

 

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shifts in population and other demographics;

 

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access to capital markets and borrowed indebtedness;

 

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our ability to implement our business strategies;

 

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the risk that we may not be able to integrate the operations of acquired businesses successfully;

 

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the risk that our cost savings initiatives may not be entirely successful or that any cost savings achieved from those initiatives may not persist; and

 

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the other factors described in this prospectus under the heading “Risk Factors.”

Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business operations and also could cause actual results to differ materially from those included, contemplated or implied by the forward-looking statements made in this prospectus, and the reader should not consider the above list of factors to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties.

 

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INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

Market and industry data throughout this prospectus was obtained from a combination of our own internal company surveys, the good faith estimates of management, various trade associations and publications, Arbitron Inc. (“Arbitron”) and Nielsen Media Research, Inc. rankings, comScore, Inc., the Veronis Suhler Stevenson Industry Forecast, SNL Kagan, the Radio Advertising Bureau, Media Dynamics, Ando Media, Omniture, BIA Financial Network Inc., eMarketer Inc., the Outdoor Advertising Association of America and Universal McCann. While we believe our internal surveys, third-party information, estimates of management and data from trade associations are reliable, we have not verified this data with any independent sources. Accordingly, we do not make any representations as to the accuracy or completeness of that data.

TRADEMARKS AND TRADE NAMES

This prospectus includes trademarks, such as “iHeartMedia,” which are protected under applicable intellectual property laws and are the property of iHeartCommunications, Inc. (“iHeart” or the “Company”). This prospectus also contains trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights, of other companies, which are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ^® or ™ symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the right of the applicable licensor to these trademarks and trade names.

 

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RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the following risk factors as well as the other information and data included in this prospectus before participating in the exchange offer. Any of the following risks related to our business could materially and adversely affect our business, cash flows, financial condition or results of operations. In such a case, you may lose all or part of your original investment in your notes.

Risk Factors Related to the Exchange Offer

Because there is no public market for the exchange notes, you may not be able to resell your exchange notes

The exchange notes will be registered under the Securities Act, but will constitute new issues of securities with no established trading market, and there can be no assurance as to:

 

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the liquidity of any trading market that may develop;

 

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the ability of holders to sell their exchange notes; or

 

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the price at which the holders would be able to sell their exchange notes.

If a trading market were to develop, the exchange notes might trade at higher or lower prices than their respective principal amount or purchase price, depending on many factors, including prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities and our financial performance.

Your outstanding notes will not be accepted for exchange if you fail to follow the exchange offer procedures

We will not accept your outstanding notes for exchange in the exchange offer if you do not follow the exchange offer procedures. We will issue exchange notes as part of the exchange offer only after a timely receipt of your outstanding notes and all other required documents. Therefore, if you want to tender your outstanding notes, please allow sufficient time to ensure timely delivery. If we do not receive your outstanding notes and other required documents by the expiration date of the exchange offer, we will not accept your outstanding notes for exchange. We are under no duty to give notification of defects or irregularities with respect to the tenders of outstanding notes for exchange. If there are defects or irregularities with respect to your tender of outstanding notes, we may not accept your outstanding notes for exchange. For more information, see “Exchange Offer.”

In addition, any holder of outstanding notes who tenders in the exchange offer for the purpose of participating in a distribution of the exchange notes may be deemed to have received restricted securities, and if so, will be required to comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale transaction. For a description of these requirements, see “Exchange Offer.”

If you do not exchange your outstanding notes, your outstanding notes will continue to be subject to the existing transfer restrictions and you may not be able to sell your outstanding notes

We did not register the outstanding notes, nor do we intend to do so following the exchange offer. Outstanding notes that are not tendered will therefore continue to be subject to the existing transfer restrictions and may be transferred only in limited circumstances under the securities laws. If you do not exchange your outstanding notes, you will lose your right to have your outstanding notes registered under the federal securities laws. As a result, if you hold outstanding notes after the exchange offer, you may not be able to sell your outstanding notes.

Risks Related to Our Business

Our results have been in the past, and could be in the future, adversely affected by economic uncertainty or deteriorations in economic conditions

We derive revenues from the sale of advertising. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns. Periods of a slowing economy or recession, or periods of economic uncertainty, may be accompanied by a decrease in advertising. For example, the global economic downturn that began in 2008 resulted in a decline in advertising and marketing by our customers, which resulted in a decline in advertising revenues across our businesses. This reduction in advertising revenues had an adverse effect on our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity. Global economic conditions have been slow to recover and remain uncertain. If economic conditions do not continue to improve, economic uncertainty increases or economic conditions deteriorate again, global economic conditions may once again adversely impact our revenue, profit margins, cash flow and liquidity. Furthermore, because a significant portion of our revenue is derived from local advertisers, our ability to generate revenues in specific markets is directly affected by local and regional conditions, and unfavorable regional economic

 

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conditions also may adversely impact our results. In addition, even in the absence of a downturn in general economic conditions, an individual business sector or market may experience a downturn, causing it to reduce its advertising expenditures, which also may adversely impact our results.

We performed impairment tests on our goodwill and other intangible assets during the fourth quarter of 2013, 2012 and 2011 and recorded non-cash impairment charges of $17 million, $38 million and $8 million, respectively. Although we believe we have made reasonable estimates and used appropriate assumptions to calculate the fair value of our licenses, billboard permits and reporting units, it is possible a material change could occur. If actual market conditions and operational performance for the respective reporting units underlying the intangible assets were to deteriorate, or if facts and circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the estimated fair value of the indefinite-lived assets or goodwill for these reporting units below their adjusted carrying amounts, we may also be required to recognize additional impairment charges in future periods, which could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

To service our debt obligations and to fund capital expenditures, we will require a significant amount of cash to meet our needs, which depends on many factors beyond our control

Our ability to service our debt obligations and to fund capital expenditures will require a significant amount of cash. Our primary source of liquidity is cash on hand, cash flow from operations and borrowing capacity under our receivables based credit facility, subject to certain limitations contained in our material financing agreements. Based on our current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in our markets, we believe that cash on hand, cash flow from operations, borrowing capacity under our receivables based credit facility and cash flow from other liquidity-generating transactions will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next twelve months. However, our ability to fund our working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and other obligations and to comply with the financial covenant under our financing agreements depends on our future operating performance and cash from operations and other liquidity-generating transactions, which are in turn subject to prevailing economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our future operating performance does not meet our expectation or our plans materially change in an adverse manner or prove to be materially inaccurate, we may need additional financing. In addition, the purchase price of possible acquisitions, capital expenditures for deployment of digital billboards and/or other strategic initiatives could require additional indebtedness or equity financing on our part. Adverse securities and credit market conditions could significantly affect the availability of equity or debt financing. In connection with our financing transactions completed during 2013 and the first nine months of 2014, the average interest rate on our outstanding debt has increased. We anticipate paying cash interest of approximately $325.0 million during the remainder of 2014. Future financing transactions may further increase interest expense, which could in turn reduce our financial flexibility and our ability to fund other activities and make us more vulnerable to changes in operating performance or economic downturns generally. There can be no assurance that additional financing, if permitted under the terms of our financing agreements, will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. The inability to generate sufficient cash or obtain additional financing could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and on our ability to meet our obligations or pursue strategic initiatives.

Our financial performance may be adversely affected by many factors beyond our control

Certain factors that could adversely affect our financial performance by, among other things, decreasing overall revenues, the numbers of advertising customers, advertising fees or profit margins include:

 

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unfavorable economic conditions, which may cause companies to reduce their expenditures on advertising;

 

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an increased level of competition for advertising dollars, which may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or which may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match;

 

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unfavorable fluctuations in operating costs, which we may be unwilling or unable to pass through to our customers;

 

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technological changes and innovations that we are unable to successfully adopt or are late in adopting that offer more attractive advertising or listening alternatives than what we offer, which may lead to a loss of advertising customers or to lower advertising rates;

 

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the impact of potential new royalties charged for terrestrial radio broadcasting, which could materially increase our expenses;

 

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other changes in governmental regulations and policies and actions of regulatory bodies, which could increase our taxes or other costs, reduce our outdoor advertising inventory, restrict the advertising media that we employ or restrict some or all of our customers that operate in regulated areas from using certain advertising media or from advertising at all;

 

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unfavorable shifts in population and other demographics, which may cause us to lose advertising customers as people migrate to markets where we have a smaller presence or which may cause advertisers to be willing to pay less in advertising fees if the general population shifts into a less desirable age or geographical demographic from an advertising perspective; and

 

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unfavorable changes in labor conditions, which may impair our ability to operate or require us to spend more to retain and attract key employees.

We face intense competition in our media and entertainment and our outdoor advertising businesses

We operate in a highly competitive industry, and we may not be able to maintain or increase our current audience ratings and advertising and sales revenues. Our media and entertainment and our outdoor advertising businesses compete for audiences and advertising revenues with other media and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising businesses, as well as with other media, such as newspapers, magazines, television, direct mail, portable digital audio players, mobile devices, satellite radio, Internet-based services and live entertainment, within their respective markets. Audience ratings and market shares are subject to change, which could have the effect of reducing our revenues in that market. Our competitors may develop technology, services or advertising media that are equal or superior to those we provide or that achieve greater market acceptance and brand recognition than we achieve. It also is possible that new competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share in any of our business segments. An increased level of competition for advertising dollars may lead to lower advertising rates as we attempt to retain customers or may cause us to lose customers to our competitors who offer lower rates that we are unable or unwilling to match.

Alternative media platforms and technologies may continue to increase competition with our broadcasting operations

Our terrestrial radio broadcasting operations face increasing competition from alternative media platforms and technologies, such as broadband wireless, satellite radio, audio broadcasting by cable television systems and Internet-based audio music services, as well as consumer products, such as portable digital audio players and other mobile devices. These technologies and alternative media platforms, including those used by us, compete with our radio stations for audience share and advertising revenues. We are unable to predict the effect that such technologies and related services and products will have on our broadcasting operations. The capital expenditures necessary to implement these or other technologies could be substantial and we cannot assure you that we will continue to have the resources to acquire new technologies or to introduce new services to compete with other new technologies or services, or that our investments in new technologies or services will provide the desired returns. Other companies employing new technologies or services could more successfully implement such new technologies or services or otherwise increase competition with our businesses.

Our media and entertainment business is dependent upon the performance of on-air talent and program hosts

We employ or independently contract with many on-air personalities and hosts of syndicated radio programs with significant loyal audiences in their respective markets. Although we have entered into long-term agreements with some of our key on-air talent and program hosts to protect our interests in those relationships, we can give no assurance that all or any of these persons will remain with us or will retain their audiences. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of these individuals are under no legal obligation to remain with us. Our competitors may choose to extend offers to any of these individuals on terms which we may be unwilling to meet. Furthermore, the popularity and audience loyalty of our key on-air talent and program hosts is highly sensitive to rapidly changing public tastes. A loss of such popularity or audience loyalty is beyond our control and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to attract local and/or national advertisers and on our revenue and/or ratings, and could result in increased expenses.

Our business is dependent on our management team and other key individuals

Our business is dependent upon the performance of our management team and other key individuals. A number of key individuals have joined us or assumed increased responsibilities over the past several years, including Robert W. Pittman, who became our Chief Executive Officer on October 2, 2011, C. William Eccleshare, who was promoted to be our Chief Executive Officer—Outdoor on January 24, 2012, and Richard J. Bressler, who became our President and Chief Financial Officer on July 29, 2013. Effective January 2014, Mr. Pittman and Mr. Bressler assumed direct management responsibility for our media and entertainment division in addition to their existing roles. Although we have entered into agreements with some members of our management team and certain other key individuals, we can give no assurance that all or any of our management team and other key individuals will remain with us. Competition for these individuals is intense and many of our key employees are at-will employees who are under no legal obligation to remain with us, and may decide to leave for a variety of personal or other reasons beyond our control. If members of our management or key individuals decide to leave us in the future, or if we are not successful in attracting, motivating and retaining other key employees, our business could be adversely affected.

 

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Extensive current government regulation, and future regulation, may limit our radio broadcasting and other media and entertainment operations or adversely affect our business and financial results

Congress and several federal agencies, including the FCC, extensively regulate the domestic radio industry. For example, the FCC could impact our profitability by imposing large fines on us if, in response to pending complaints, it finds that we broadcast indecent programming. Additionally, we cannot be sure that the FCC will approve renewal of the licenses we must have in order to operate our stations. Nor can we be assured that our licenses will be renewed without conditions and for a full term. The non-renewal, or conditioned renewal, of a substantial number of our FCC licenses, could have a materially adverse impact on our operations. Furthermore, possible changes in interference protections, spectrum allocations and other technical rules may negatively affect the operation of our stations. For example, in January 2011, a law that eliminates certain minimum distance separation requirements between full-power and low-power FM radio stations was enacted, which could lead to increased interference between our stations and low-power FM stations. In March 2011, the FCC adopted policies which, in certain circumstances, could make it more difficult for radio stations to relocate to increase their population coverage. In addition, Congress, the FCC and other regulatory agencies have considered, and may in the future consider and adopt, new laws, regulations and policies that could, directly or indirectly, have an adverse effect on our business operations and financial performance. In particular, Congress may consider and adopt legislation that would impose an obligation upon all U.S. broadcasters to pay copyright owners of sound recordings a royalty for the on-air broadcast of their recordings (this would be in addition to payments already made by broadcasters to owners of musical work rights, such as songwriters, composers and publishers). We cannot predict whether this or other legislation affecting our media and entertainment business will be adopted. Such legislation could have a material impact on our operations and financial results. Finally, various regulatory matters relating to our media and entertainment business are now, or may become, the subject of court litigation, and we cannot predict the outcome of any such litigation or its impact on our business.

Regulations and consumer concerns regarding privacy and data protection, or any failure to comply with these regulations, could hinder our operations

We collect and utilize demographic and other information, including personally identifiable information, from and about our listeners, consumers, business partners and advertisers as they interact with us. For example: (1) our broadcast radio station websites and our iHeartRadio digital platform collect personal information as users register for our services, fill out their listener profiles, post comments, use our social networking features, participate in polls and contests and sign-up to receive email newsletters; (2) we use tracking technologies, such as “cookies,” to manage and track our listeners’ interactions with us so that we can deliver relevant music content and advertising; and (3) we collect credit card or debit card information from consumers, business partners and advertisers who use our services.

We are subject to numerous federal, state and foreign laws and regulations relating to consumer protection, information security, data protection and privacy, among other things. Many of these laws are still evolving, new laws may be enacted and any of these laws could be amended or interpreted in ways that could harm our business. In addition, changes in consumer expectations and demands regarding privacy and data protection could restrict our ability to collect, use, disclose and derive economic value from demographic and other information related to our listeners, consumers, business partners and advertisers. Such restrictions could limit our ability to provide customized music content to our listeners, interact directly with our listeners and consumers and offer targeted advertising opportunities to our business partners and advertisers. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to comply with these laws and regulations, any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with our policies or applicable regulatory requirements related to consumer protection, information security, data protection and privacy could result in a loss of confidence in us, damage to our brands, the loss of listeners, consumers, business partners and advertisers, as well as proceedings against us by governmental authorities or others, which could hinder our operations and adversely affect our business.

If our security measures are breached, we may face liability and public perception of our services could be diminished, which would negatively impact our ability to attract listeners, business partners and advertisers

Although we have implemented physical and electronic security measures to protect against the loss, misuse and alteration of our websites, digital assets and proprietary business information as well as listener, consumer, business partner and advertiser personally identifiable information, no security measures are perfect and impenetrable and we may be unable to anticipate or prevent unauthorized access. A security breach could occur due to the actions of outside parties, employee error, malfeasance or a combination of these or other actions. If an actual or perceived breach of our security occurs, we could lose competitively sensitive business information or suffer disruptions to our business operations. In addition, the public perception of the effectiveness of our security measures or services could be harmed, we could lose listeners, consumers, business partners and advertisers and we could suffer financial exposure in connection with remediation efforts, investigations and legal proceedings and changes in our security and system protection measures.

 

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Government regulation of outdoor advertising may restrict our outdoor advertising operations

U.S. federal, state and local regulations have a significant impact on the outdoor advertising industry and our business. One of the seminal laws is the Highway Beautification Act (“HBA”), which regulates outdoor advertising on controlled roads in the United States. The HBA regulates the size and location of billboards, mandates a state compliance program, requires the development of state standards, promotes the expeditious removal of illegal signs and requires just compensation for takings. Construction, repair, maintenance, lighting, upgrading, height, size, spacing, the location and permitting of billboards and the use of new technologies for changing displays, such as digital displays, are regulated by federal, state and local governments. From time to time, states and municipalities have prohibited or significantly limited the construction of new outdoor advertising structures. Changes in laws and regulations affecting outdoor advertising, or changes in the interpretation of those laws and regulations, at any level of government, including the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate, could have a significant financial impact on us by requiring us to make significant expenditures or otherwise limiting or restricting some of our operations. Due to such regulations, it has become increasingly difficult to develop new outdoor advertising locations.

From time to time, certain state and local governments and third parties have attempted to force the removal of our displays under various state and local laws, including zoning ordinances, permit enforcement, condemnation and amortization. Similar risks also arise in certain of our international jurisdictions. Amortization is the attempted forced removal of legal non-conforming billboards (billboards which conformed with applicable laws and regulations when built, but which do not conform to current laws and regulations) or the commercial advertising placed on such billboards after a period of years. Pursuant to this concept, the governmental body asserts that just compensation is earned by continued operation of the billboard over time. Although amortization is prohibited along all controlled roads and generally prohibited along non-controlled roads, amortization has been upheld along non-controlled roads in limited instances where provided by state and local law. Other regulations limit our ability to rebuild, replace, repair, maintain and upgrade non-conforming displays. In addition, from time to time third parties or local governments assert that we own or operate displays that either are not properly permitted or otherwise are not in strict compliance with applicable law. If we are increasingly unable to resolve such allegations or obtain acceptable arrangements in circumstances in which our displays are subject to removal, modification or amortization, or if there occurs an increase in such regulations or their enforcement, our operating results could suffer.

A number of state and local governments have implemented or initiated taxes, fees and registration requirements in an effort to decrease or restrict the number of outdoor signs and/or to raise revenue. From time to time, legislation also has been introduced in international jurisdictions attempting to impose taxes on revenue from outdoor advertising or for the right to use outdoor advertising assets. In addition, a number of jurisdictions have implemented legislation or interpreted existing legislation to restrict or prohibit the installation of digital billboards, and we expect these efforts to continue. The increased imposition of these measures, and our inability to overcome any such measures, could reduce our operating income if those outcomes require removal or restrictions on the use of preexisting displays or limit growth of digital displays. In addition, if we are unable to pass on the cost of these items to our clients, our operating income could be adversely affected.

International regulation of the outdoor advertising industry can vary by municipality, region and country, but generally limits the size, placement, nature and density of out-of-home displays. Other regulations limit the subject matter and language of out-of-home displays. Our failure to comply with these or any future international regulations could have an adverse impact on the effectiveness of our displays or their attractiveness to clients as an advertising medium and may require us to make significant expenditures to ensure compliance. As a result, we may experience a significant impact on our operations, revenue, international client base and overall financial condition.

Additional restrictions on outdoor advertising of tobacco, alcohol and other products may further restrict the categories of clients that can advertise using our products

Out-of-court settlements between the major U.S. tobacco companies and all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and other U.S. territories include a ban on the outdoor advertising of tobacco products. Other products and services may be targeted in the U.S. in the future, including alcohol products. Most European Union countries, among other nations, also have banned outdoor advertisements for tobacco products and regulate alcohol advertising. Regulations vary across the countries in which we conduct business. Any significant reduction in alcohol-related advertising or advertising of other products due to content-related restrictions could cause a reduction in our direct revenues from such advertisements and an increase in the available space on the existing inventory of billboards in the outdoor advertising industry.

Environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations may limit or restrict some of our operations

As the owner or operator of various real properties and facilities, especially in our outdoor advertising operations, we must comply with various foreign, federal, state and local environmental, health, safety and land use laws and regulations. We and our properties are subject to such laws and regulations relating to the use, storage, disposal, emission and release of hazardous and non-hazardous substances and employee health and safety as well as zoning restrictions. Historically, we have not incurred significant expenditures to comply with these laws. However, additional laws which may be passed in the future, or a finding of a violation of or liability under existing laws, could require us to make significant expenditures and otherwise limit or restrict some of our operations.

 

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Doing business in foreign countries exposes us to certain risks not found when doing business in the United States

Doing business in foreign countries carries with it certain risks that are not found when doing business in the United States. These risks could result in losses against which we are not insured. Examples of these risks include:

 

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potential adverse changes in the diplomatic relations of foreign countries with the United States;

 

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hostility from local populations;

 

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the adverse effect of foreign exchange controls;

 

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government policies against businesses owned by foreigners;

 

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investment restrictions or requirements;

 

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expropriations of property without adequate compensation;

 

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the potential instability of foreign governments;

 

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the risk of insurrections;

 

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risks of renegotiation or modification of existing agreements with governmental authorities;

 

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difficulties collecting receivables and otherwise enforcing contracts with governmental agencies and others in some foreign legal systems;

 

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withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries;

 

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changes in tax structure and level; and

 

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changes in laws or regulations or the interpretation or application of laws or regulations.

In addition, because we own assets in foreign countries and derive revenues from our International operations, we may incur currency translation losses due to changes in the values of foreign currencies and in the value of the U.S. dollar. We cannot predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations upon future operating results.

Our International operations involve contracts with, and regulation by, foreign governments. We operate in many parts of the world that experience corruption to some degree. Although we have policies and procedures in place that are designed to promote legal and regulatory compliance (including with respect to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act), our employees, subcontractors and agents could take actions that violate applicable anticorruption laws or regulations. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.

The success of our street furniture and transit products businesses is dependent on our obtaining key municipal concessions, which we may not be able to obtain on favorable terms

Our street furniture and transit products businesses require us to obtain and renew contracts with municipalities and other governmental entities. Many of these contracts, which require us to participate in competitive bidding processes at each renewal, typically have terms ranging from 3 to 20 years and have revenue share and/or fixed payment components. Our inability to successfully negotiate, renew or complete these contracts due to governmental demands and delay and the highly competitive bidding processes for these contracts could affect our ability to offer these products to our clients, or to offer them to our clients at rates that are competitive to other forms of advertising, without adversely affecting our financial results.

Future acquisitions and other strategic transactions could pose risks

We frequently evaluate strategic opportunities both within and outside our existing lines of business. We expect from time to time to pursue additional acquisitions and may decide to dispose of certain businesses. These acquisitions or dispositions could be material. Our acquisition strategy involves numerous risks, including:

 

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our acquisitions may prove unprofitable and fail to generate anticipated cash flows;

 

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to successfully manage our large portfolio of media and entertainment, outdoor advertising and other businesses, we may need to:

 

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recruit additional senior management as we cannot be assured that senior management of acquired businesses will continue to work for us and we cannot be certain that our recruiting efforts will succeed, and

 

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expand corporate infrastructure to facilitate the integration of our operations with those of acquired businesses, because failure to do so may cause us to lose the benefits of any expansion that we decide to undertake by leading to disruptions in our ongoing businesses or by distracting our management;

 

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we may enter into markets and geographic areas where we have limited or no experience;

 

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we may encounter difficulties in the integration of operations and systems; and

 

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our management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns.

Additional acquisitions by us of media and entertainment businesses and outdoor advertising businesses may require antitrust review by U.S. federal antitrust agencies and may require review by foreign antitrust agencies under the antitrust laws of foreign jurisdictions. We can give no assurances that the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”), the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) or foreign antitrust agencies will not seek to bar us from acquiring additional media and entertainment businesses or outdoor advertising businesses in any market where we already have a significant position. Further, radio acquisitions by us are subject to FCC approval. Such acquisitions must comply with the Communications Act and FCC regulatory requirements and policies, including with respect to the number of broadcast facilities in which a person or entity may have an ownership or attributable interest in a given local market and the level of interest that may be held by a foreign individual or entity. The FCC’s media ownership rules remain subject to ongoing agency and court proceedings. Future changes could restrict our ability to acquire new radio assets or businesses.

Significant equity investors control us and may have conflicts of interest with us in the future

Private equity funds sponsored by or co-investors with Bain Capital and THL indirectly own a majority of our outstanding capital stock and will exercise control over matters requiring approval of our shareholder and board of directors. The directors elected by Bain Capital and THL will have significant authority to make decisions affecting us, including change of control transactions and the incurrence of additional indebtedness.

In addition, affiliates of Bain Capital and THL are lenders under our term loan credit facilities and holders of our 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2019. It is possible that their interests in some circumstances may conflict with our interests.

Additionally, Bain Capital and THL are in the business of making investments in companies and may acquire and hold interests in businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us. One or more of the entities advised by or affiliated with Bain Capital and/or THL may also pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. So long as entities advised by or affiliated with Bain Capital and THL directly or indirectly own a significant amount of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock, even if such amount is less than 50%, Bain Capital and THL will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control our decisions.

Risks Related to the Notes

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful

We have a substantial amount of indebtedness. As of September 30, 2014, we had $20,484.8 million of total indebtedness outstanding, including: (1) $931.2 million aggregate principal amount outstanding under our term loans B and C, which mature in January 2016, $5,000.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding under our term loan D, which matures in January 2019, and $1,300.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding under our term loan E, which matures in July 2019; (2) $1,714.8 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2021, net of $35.2 million of unamortized discounts, which mature in March 2021; (3) $575.0 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 11.25% priority guarantee notes due 2021, which mature in March 2021; (4) $1,999.8 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2019, which mature in December 2019; (5) $1,002.5 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2022, net of $2.5 million of unamortized premiums, which mature in September 2022; (6) $18.7 million aggregate principal amount of other secured debt; (7) $1,645.7 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of senior notes due 2021 (net of $423.4 million held by a subsidiary of ours as of September 30, 2014), net of unamortized discounts of $16.0 million, which mature in February 2021; (8) $850.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of senior notes due 2018, which mature in January 2018; (9) $528.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our legacy notes, net of unamortized purchase accounting discounts of $197.0 million, which mature at various dates from 2016 through 2027; (10) $2,718.7 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of subsidiary senior notes, net of unamortized discount of $6.3 million, which mature in November 2022; (11) $2,200.0 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of subsidiary senior subordinated notes, which mature in March 2020; and (12) other obligations of less than $1.0 million. This large amount of indebtedness could have negative consequences for us, including, without limitation:

 

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requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to the payment of principal and interest on indebtedness, thereby reducing cash available for other purposes, including to fund operations and capital expenditures, invest in new technology and pursue other business opportunities;

 

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limiting our liquidity and operational flexibility and limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes;

 

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limiting our ability to adjust to changing economic, business and competitive conditions;

 

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requiring us to defer planned capital expenditures, reduce discretionary spending, sell assets, restructure existing indebtedness or defer acquisitions or other strategic opportunities;

 

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limiting our ability to refinance any of our indebtedness or increasing the cost of any such financing;

 

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making us more vulnerable to an increase in interest rates, a downturn in our operating performance, a decline in general economic or industry conditions or a disruption in the credit markets; and

 

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making us more susceptible to negative changes in credit ratings, which could impact our ability to obtain financing in the future and increase the cost of such financing.

If compliance with the debt obligations materially hinders our ability to operate our business and adapt to changing industry conditions, we may lose market share, our revenue may decline and our operating results may suffer. The terms of our credit facilities and the other indebtedness allow us, under certain conditions, to incur further indebtedness, including secured indebtedness, which heightens the foregoing risks.

We and our subsidiaries may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness, may not be able to refinance all of our indebtedness before it becomes due and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful

Our ability and our subsidiaries’ ability to make scheduled payments on our respective debt obligations depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control. In addition, because we derive a substantial portion of our operating income from our subsidiaries, our ability to repay our debt depends upon the performance of our subsidiaries, their ability to dividend or distribute funds to us and our receipt of funds under our cash management arrangement with our subsidiary, CCOH.

We and our subsidiaries may not be able to generate cash flows from operations on an amount sufficient to fund our liquidity needs. We anticipate cash interest requirements of approximately $325 million during the remainder of 2014. At September 30, 2014, we had debt maturities totaling $1.1 million, $2.8 million, and $1.2 billion in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. We are currently exploring, and expect to continue to explore, a variety of transactions to provide us with additional liquidity. We cannot assure you that we will enter into or consummate any such liquidity-generating transactions, or that such transactions will provide sufficient cash to satisfy our liquidity needs, and we cannot currently predict the impact that any such transaction, if consummated, would have on us.

If our and our subsidiaries’ cash flows from operations, refinancing sources and other liquidity-generating transactions are insufficient to fund our respective debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell material assets or operations or seek additional capital. We may not be able to take any of these actions, and these actions may not be successful or permit us to meet the scheduled debt service obligations. Furthermore, these actions may not be permitted under the terms of existing or future debt agreements.

The ability to refinance the debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of our debt could be at higher interest rates and increase debt service obligations and may require us and our subsidiaries to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. The terms of existing or future debt instruments may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us or our subsidiaries to meet scheduled debt service obligations. If we or our subsidiaries cannot make scheduled payments on indebtedness, we or our subsidiaries, as applicable, will be in default under one or more of the debt agreements and, as a result we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.

Our substantial debt service obligations have increased as a result of our financing transactions and may continue to do so, which could adversely affect our liquidity and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations

We have substantially increased our debt service obligations. Assuming constant outstanding balances and interest rates, our 2013 financing transactions increased our annual interest expense over a 12-month period by $267 million and our financing transactions during the first nine months of 2014 increased our annual interest expense by an additional $103 million. Future financing transactions are likely to further increase our interest expense.

 

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The increase in our debt service obligations could adversely affect our liquidity and could have important consequences, including the following:

 

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it may make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness and our contractual and commercial commitments; and

 

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it may otherwise further limit us in the ways summarized above under “We and our subsidiaries may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness, may not be able to refinance all of our indebtedness before it becomes due and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful,” including by reducing our cash available for operations, debt service obligations, future business opportunities, acquisitions and capital expenditures.

Our ability to make payments with respect to our debt obligations, including under the notes, will depend on our future operating performance and our ability to continue to refinance our indebtedness, which will be affected by prevailing economic and credit market conditions and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.

Because we derive a substantial portion of operating income from our subsidiaries, our ability to repay our debt depends upon the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to dividend or distribute funds to us

We derive a substantial portion of operating income from our subsidiaries. As a result, our cash flow and the ability to service our indebtedness, including our ability to pay the interest and principal amount of the notes when due, depend on the performance of our subsidiaries and the ability of those entities to distribute funds to us. We cannot assure you that our subsidiaries will be able to, or be permitted to, pay to us the amounts necessary to service the notes. Because only some of our subsidiaries guarantee the notes, the ability of our non-guarantor subsidiaries to distribute funds to us is the only mechanism for the noteholders to benefit from the performance of these subsidiaries. None of the subsidiaries in our Americas Outdoor Advertising or International Outdoor Advertising business segments will guarantee the notes.

Accordingly, repayment of our indebtedness, including the notes, depends on the generation of cash flow by our subsidiaries and (if they are not guarantors of the notes) their ability to make such cash available to us, by dividend, debt repayment or otherwise. For the year ended December 31, 2013 and the nine months ended September 30, 2014, approximately 47% of our consolidated net revenue and 41% and 35%, respectively, of our operating income was generated by our Americas Outdoor Advertising and our International Outdoor Advertising business segments, which are part of CCOH, which is not a guarantor of the notes. CCOH is subject to limitations on its ability to pay dividends or otherwise make distributions to us. Those limitations are set forth in the indentures governing certain series of the outstanding notes of CCWH, and we would not anticipate that CCOH could meet the requirements necessary to pay a dividend or otherwise distribute money to us, subject to only certain specified exceptions. In addition, the Adjusted EBITDA of CCOH is included in the calculation of our Adjusted EBITDA for purposes of calculating our consolidated leverage ratio under the notes. The financial performance of CCOH may be taken into account to enable us to incur additional debt, pay dividends or make other restricted payments that we could not otherwise incur, pay or make without such results, even though CCOH’s ability to pay us dividends or make distributions to us is subject to limitations. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on our outdoor advertising business as a means for repayment of the notes. Unless they are guarantors of the notes, our subsidiaries do not have any obligation to pay amounts due on the notes or to make funds available for that purpose. Our subsidiaries may not be able to make distributions to enable us to make payments in respect of our indebtedness, including the notes. Each subsidiary is a distinct legal entity and, under certain circumstances, legal and contractual restrictions may limit our ability to obtain cash from our subsidiaries. While the indenture governing the notes will limit the ability of our subsidiaries to incur consensual restrictions on their ability to pay dividends or make other intercompany payments to us, these limitations are subject to certain qualifications and exceptions. In the event that we do not receive distributions from our non-guarantor subsidiaries, we may be unable to make required principal and interest payments on our indebtedness, including the notes.

In addition, any payment of interest, dividends, distributions, loans or advances by our subsidiaries to us could be subject to restrictions on dividends or repatriation of distributions under applicable local law, monetary transfer restrictions and foreign currency exchange regulations in the jurisdictions in which the subsidiaries operate or under arrangements with local partners.

If we default on our obligations to pay our other indebtedness, holders of such indebtedness may declare all the funds borrowed thereunder immediately due and payable, which may cause us to be unable to make payments on the notes

Any default under the agreements governing our indebtedness, including a default under our senior secured credit facilities that is not waived by the required lenders thereunder, and the remedies sought by the holders of such indebtedness, could substantially decrease the market value of the notes. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow and are otherwise unable to obtain funds necessary to meet required payments of principal, premium, if any, or interest on our indebtedness, or if we otherwise fail to comply with the various covenants, including financial and operating covenants, in the instruments governing our indebtedness (including our senior secured credit facilities), we could be in default under the terms of the agreements governing such indebtedness. In the event of any such default, the holders of such indebtedness could elect to declare all the funds borrowed thereunder to be due and payable,

 

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together with accrued and unpaid interest. More specifically, the lenders under our receivables based credit facility could elect to terminate their commitments, cease making further loans, require us to cash collateralize amounts outstanding under the existing letter of credit obligations and the lenders under our senior secured credit facilities and receivables based credit facility could institute foreclosure proceedings against our assets, and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. If our operating performance declines, we may in the future need to seek waivers from the required lenders under our senior secured credit facilities and our receivables based credit facility to avoid being in default. If we breach our covenants under our senior secured credit facilities or our receivables based credit facility and seek a waiver, we may not be able to obtain a waiver from the required lenders. If this occurs, we would be in default under our senior secured credit facilities or our receivables based credit facility, the lenders could exercise their rights as described above, and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. See “Description of Other Indebtedness” and “Description of the Exchange Notes.”

The notes are structurally subordinated to all of the debt and liabilities of our non-guarantor subsidiaries

Some of our wholly owned subsidiaries do not guarantee the notes and none of our non-wholly owned subsidiaries, including CCOH and its subsidiaries, guarantee the notes. As of September 30, 2014, our non-guarantor subsidiaries held approximately 50% of our consolidated assets and had $4.9 billion in outstanding indebtedness, excluding intercompany obligations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2014, our non-guarantor subsidiaries generated 47% of our revenue and 22% of our operating income. As of September 30, 2014, CCOH and its subsidiaries, which do not guarantee the notes, had $6.4 billion of total assets and $6.5 billion in total liabilities. Generally, claims of creditors (both secured and unsecured) of a non-guarantor subsidiary, including trade creditors and claims of preference shareholders (if any) of the non-guarantor subsidiary (or the equivalent of any of the foregoing under local law), will have priority with respect to the assets and cash flow of the non-guarantor subsidiary over the claims of creditors of its parent entity. Accordingly, those claims, including those related to CCWH’s senior notes and senior subordinated notes, will have priority with respect to the assets and cash flow of CCOH and its subsidiaries. As of September 30, 2014, there was $2.7 billion aggregate principal amount of CCWH senior notes outstanding and $2.2 billion of CCWH senior subordinated notes outstanding. In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization or other bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding of any of these non-guarantor subsidiaries (or the equivalent of any of the foregoing under local law), holders of the notes will participate with all other holders of our indebtedness in the assets remaining and dividended or otherwise paid to iHeart after the non-guarantor subsidiaries involved in such proceedings have paid all of their debts and liabilities. In any of these cases, the relevant subsidiaries may not have sufficient funds to make payments to us, and holders of the notes may receive less, ratably, than the holders of debt of such non-guarantor subsidiaries, including CCOH and its subsidiaries.

The notes are effectively subordinated in right of payment to all of our existing and future indebtedness that is secured by assets that are not part of the collateral securing the notes, to the extent of the value of such assets

Holders of our secured indebtedness that is secured by assets that are not part of the collateral securing the notes, including our receivables based credit facility, will have claims that are prior to the claims of the holders of the notes to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such other indebtedness. In the event of any distribution or payment of our assets in any foreclosure, liquidation or reorganization or other bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding, holders of secured indebtedness will have a prior claim to those of our assets that constitute their collateral. Holders of the notes will participate ratably with all holders of our secured indebtedness that is secured by assets that are part of the collateral securing the notes, and potentially with all of our other general creditors, based upon the respective amounts owed to each holder or creditor, in our remaining assets. In any of the foregoing events, we cannot assure you that there will be sufficient assets to pay amounts due on the notes. As a result, holders of the notes may receive less, ratably, than holders of other secured indebtedness.

The documents governing our indebtedness contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business

Our material financing agreements, including our credit agreements and indentures, contain various covenants restricting, among other things, our ability to:

 

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make acquisitions or investments;

 

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make loans or otherwise extend credit to others;

 

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incur indebtedness or issue shares or guarantees;

 

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create liens;

 

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enter into transactions with affiliates;

 

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sell, lease, transfer or dispose of assets;

 

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merge or consolidate with other companies; and

 

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make a substantial change to the general nature of our business.

 

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In addition, under our senior secured credit facilities, we are required to comply with certain affirmative covenants and certain specified financial covenants and ratios. For instance, our senior secured credit facilities require us to comply on a quarterly basis with a financial covenant limiting the ratio of our consolidated secured debt, net of cash and cash equivalents, to our consolidated EBITDA (as defined under the terms of our senior secured credit facilities) for the preceding four quarters. The ratio under this financial covenant for the four quarters ended September 30, 2014 is set at 9.00 to 1 and reduces to 8.75 to 1 for the four quarters ended December 31, 2014.

The restrictions contained in our credit agreements and indentures could affect our ability to operate our business and may limit our ability to react to market conditions or take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise. For example, such restrictions could adversely affect our ability to finance our operations, make strategic acquisitions, investments or alliances, restructure our organization or finance our capital needs. Additionally, our ability to comply with these covenants and restrictions may be affected by events beyond our control. These include prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. If we breach any of these covenants or restrictions, we could be in default under the agreements governing our indebtedness, and as a result we would be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.

U.S. federal and state fraudulent transfer laws permit a court to void the notes and the guarantees and security interests, and, if that occurs, you may not receive any payments on the notes or may be required to return payments made on the notes

The issuance of the notes, the guarantees and the security interests may be subject to review under U.S. federal and state fraudulent transfer and conveyance statutes if a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization case or a lawsuit, including under circumstances in which bankruptcy is not involved, were commenced at some future date by us, by the guarantors or on behalf of our unpaid creditors or the unpaid creditors of a guarantor. While the relevant laws may vary from state to state, under such laws the payment of consideration in certain transactions could be considered a fraudulent conveyance if (1) the consideration was paid with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors or (2) we or any of our guarantors, as applicable, received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for issuing notes, a guarantee or a security interest and, in the case of (2) only, one of the following is also true:

 

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we or any of our guarantors were or was insolvent or rendered insolvent by reason of issuing notes or the guarantees;

 

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payment of the consideration left us or any of our guarantors with an unreasonably small amount of capital to carry on our or its business; or

 

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we or any of our guarantors intended to, or believed that we or it would, incur debts beyond our or its ability to pay as they mature.

If a court were to find that the issuance of the notes or a guarantee was a fraudulent conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under the notes, the guarantees or the related security agreements, further subordinate the notes or the payment obligations under such guarantee or security agreement to existing and future indebtedness of ours or such guarantor or require the holders of the notes to repay any amounts received with respect to the notes or such guarantee. In the event of a finding that a fraudulent conveyance occurred, you may not receive any repayment on the notes. Further, the voidance of the notes could result in an event of default with respect to our other debt and that of our guarantors that could result in acceleration of such debt. The measures of insolvency for purposes of fraudulent conveyance laws vary depending upon the laws of the jurisdiction that is being applied. Generally, an entity would be considered insolvent if, at the time it incurred indebtedness:

 

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the sum of its debts, including contingent liabilities, was greater than the fair saleable value of all its assets;

 

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the present fair saleable value of its assets was less than the amount that would be required to pay its probable liability on its existing debts and liabilities, including contingent liabilities, as they become absolute and mature; or

 

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it could not pay its debts as they become due.

We cannot be certain as to the standards a court would use to determine whether or not we or the guarantors were solvent at the relevant time, or regardless of the standard that a court uses, that the issuance of the notes and the guarantees would not be subordinated to our or any guarantors’ other debt.

If the guarantees were legally challenged, any guarantee could be subject to the finding of a court that, since the guarantee was incurred for our benefit, and only indirectly for the benefit of the guarantor, the obligations of the applicable guarantor were incurred for less than fair consideration. A court could thus void the obligations under the guarantees and related security agreements, subordinate them to the applicable guarantor’s other debt or take other action detrimental to the holders of the notes.

 

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The amount of our obligations under our senior secured credit facilities and our priority guarantee notes (including the notes) substantially exceeds the value of the collateral securing the notes

The collateral securing the notes initially consists of (1) a lien on (i) 100% of the capital stock of iHeart and (ii) certain property and related assets that do not constitute “principal property” as defined in the indenture governing our legacy notes, in each case, that is equal in priority to the liens on such collateral securing the obligations under our senior secured credit facilities and our other priority guarantee notes and (2) a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets pledged to secure our receivables based credit facility (the “receivables-based collateral”) that is junior in priority to the liens of the secured lenders under such receivables based credit facility and equal in priority to the liens of the lenders under our senior secured credit facilities and the holders of our other priority guarantee notes on such collateral. Liens for the benefit of the notes are also, in the case of (1) and (2), subject to other liens permitted by the indenture that governs the notes. On the issue dates of the outstanding notes, we did not pledge any of the capital stock of our subsidiaries as collateral securing the notes and we do not expect to pledge such capital stock, and the property and related assets that constitute principal property under the indenture governing the legacy notes will not secure the notes, unless certain conditions are satisfied. See “Description of the Exchange Notes—Security” and “Description of the Exchange Notes—Security—Limitations on Capital Stock Collateral”. The property and related assets that constitute principal property under the indenture governing the legacy notes consist of our assets related to the operation of our radio broadcasting, television broadcasting, outdoor advertising and live entertainment properties, other than those determined by our board of directors to be, in the aggregate, immaterial to us and our subsidiaries as an entirety. Substantially all of our properties constitute principal properties and the value of such assets is significantly more than our assets that constitute the collateral securing the notes.

All of the assets securing the notes also secure, on an equal priority basis, our obligations under our senior secured credit facilities and our other priority guarantee notes. Therefore, in the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or similar proceeding against us, the proceeds from the sale of any collateral securing the notes will be used to pay, on a pari passu basis, our senior secured credit facilities, our priority guarantee notes (including the notes) and any other indebtedness with a lien on such collateral that is equal in priority to that of the notes. In addition, the proceeds of the receivables-based collateral (if any remain after satisfying claims of lenders under our receivables based credit facility) will be used to pay, on a pari passu basis, our senior secured credit facilities, our priority guarantee notes (including the notes) and any other indebtedness with an equal priority lien on the receivables-based collateral. After the proceeds of the collateral securing the notes have been used to satisfy our senior secured credit facilities, our priority guarantee notes (including the notes) and any other indebtedness with an equal priority lien on the collateral securing the notes, and the proceeds of the receivables-based collateral (if any remain after satisfying claims of lenders under our receivables based credit facility) have been used to satisfy our senior secured credit facilities, our priority guarantee notes (including the notes) and any other indebtedness with an equal priority lien on the receivables-based collateral, any obligations in respect of the notes that remain outstanding will be general unsecured claims that will be equal in right of payment with both (1) our and the guarantors’ indebtedness secured by an equal or junior priority lien and (2) our and the guarantors’ unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness, including our legacy notes (the “unsecured senior debt”).

As of September 30, 2014, we had $14.3 billion of total assets, of which $4.2 billion was attributable to goodwill and $2.7 billion was attributable to property, plant and equipment—net, only a small portion of which will constitute the collateral. Of the $14.3 billion of total assets, $6.4 billion (including a portion of the above amounts attributable to goodwill and property, plant and equipment—net) was attributable to CCOH, our 88% owned subsidiary that will not guarantee the notes and whose assets will not secure the notes. We also had $1.4 billion of accounts receivable, net, a significant portion of which constitutes receivables-based collateral or is otherwise not part of the collateral securing the notes. As a result, the book value of the collateral securing the notes is significantly less than the aggregate principal amount of the notes and our other secured obligations.

No appraisal of the value of the collateral securing the notes has been made in connection with this offering, and the fair market value of the collateral is subject to fluctuations and downward movement, based on factors that include, among others, general economic conditions and similar factors. The amount to be received upon a sale of the collateral would be dependent on numerous factors, including, but not limited to, the actual fair market value of the collateral at such time, the timing and the manner of the sale and the availability of buyers. By its nature, a substantial majority of the collateral is illiquid, is subject to regulatory limits on transfer and may have no readily ascertainable market value. The value of the assets pledged as collateral for the notes could be impaired in the future as a result of changing economic conditions in multiple jurisdictions, changing legal regimes, our failure to implement our business strategy, competition and other future trends. In the event of a foreclosure, liquidation, bankruptcy or similar proceeding, the collateral may not be sold in a timely or orderly manner and the proceeds from any sale or liquidation of the collateral may not be sufficient to pay our obligations under the notes in full.

In addition, upon the occurrence of certain future events, the notes may receive the benefit of a pledge of the stock and other securities of certain of our subsidiaries held by us or the guarantors. See “Description of the Exchange Notes—Security—General Credit Facility Collateral.” However, any such future pledge will be released to the extent that separate financial statements pursuant to Rule 3-16 of Regulation S-X would be required in connection with the filing of a registration statement related to the notes. See “—Rights of holders of the notes in the collateral may be adversely affected by the failure to perfect security interests in certain collateral acquired in the future, and any future pledge of the securities of any subsidiary securing the notes will automatically

 

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be released to the extent and for so long as that pledge would require the filing of separate financial statements with the SEC for that subsidiary.” In addition, any such future pledge or any other future pledge of collateral, including pursuant to security documents delivered after the date of the indenture governing the notes and including in connection with the springing lien, would be avoidable as a preference by the pledgor (as debtor-in-possession) or by its trustee in bankruptcy within 90 days (or, in certain circumstances, a longer period) after such grant if we were insolvent at the time of the grant or if certain other events or circumstances exist or occur. Such events or circumstances may include, among others, if the pledge permits the holders of the notes to receive a greater recovery than if the pledge had not been given and a bankruptcy proceeding in respect of the pledgor is commenced within 90 days (or, in certain circumstances, a longer period) following the pledge.

In addition to borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities and our other priority guarantee notes, the indenture governing the notes allows and the indentures governing our other priority guarantee notes allows a significant amount of other indebtedness and other obligations to be secured by a senior priority lien on the collateral for the notes or secured by a lien on such collateral on an equal and ratable basis with the notes, provided that, in each case, such indebtedness or other obligation could be incurred under the debt incurrence covenants contained in the indenture governing the notes and the indentures governing our other priority guarantee notes. Any additional obligations secured by a senior or equal priority lien on the collateral for the notes will adversely affect the relative position of the holders of the notes with respect to such collateral.

The lenders under our senior secured credit facilities and holders of our priority guarantee notes due 2019 may benefit from a more expansive security package than the notes

The lenders under our senior secured credit facilities may benefit from a more expansive security package than the notes. Lenders under our senior secured credit facilities have been granted a security interest in certain assets that constitute principal properties under the indenture governing our legacy notes, including certain radio broadcasting, television broadcasting, outdoor advertising and live entertainment properties. Until the springing lien trigger date, which may not occur until December 2016 (or, under certain circumstances, as many as 60 days thereafter), if at all, the notes will not benefit from a security interest in any of our principal properties, which are substantially all of our properties. See “Description of the Exchange Notes—Security—General Credit Facility Collateral.” Furthermore, the agent under our senior secured credit facilities and the trustee under the priority guarantee notes due 2019 have agreed to share recoveries in a manner whereby the holders of the priority guarantee notes due 2019, in any insolvency proceeding, would receive substantially-equivalent recoveries to those that they would receive if such principal properties were part of the collateral securing the priority guarantee notes due 2019, and the lenders would receive the economic benefit of any recoveries related to the principal properties that would otherwise be received by the holders of the priority guarantee notes due 2019 if their claims were not reduced by the sharing of collateral. Accordingly, the notes offered hereby are effectively junior in right of payment to the senior secured credit facilities and our priority guarantee notes due 2019 to the extent of the value of such principal property collateral, if any. In addition, there will not be any requirement that the obligations under the senior secured credit facilities and our priority guarantee notes due 2019 first be satisfied using proceeds from the assets that do not secure the notes, which means the noteholders may recover less on a ratable basis than lenders under the senior secured credit facilities and the holders of our priority guarantee notes due 2019.

In addition, although the assets of iHeart that are not deemed to be principal property as of the issue date of the notes were not subject to the limitations described in the foregoing paragraph, any of those assets may be designated as principal property by our board of directors at any time in the future, upon which designation the value of the security interest of holders of the notes in such assets would be subject to the limitations described in the foregoing paragraph.

Additionally, the lenders under our senior secured credit facilities have certain rights with respect to amendments, waiver or modifications to our cash management arrangements with CCOH that the holders of the notes do not have.

The notes will mature after a substantial portion of our existing indebtedness

The notes will mature on September 15, 2022. A substantial portion of our existing indebtedness will mature prior to the maturity of the notes. See “Description of Other Indebtedness.” Therefore, we will be required to repay many of our other creditors, including holders of unsecured and unguaranteed indebtedness, before we are required to repay a portion of the interest due on, and the principal of, the notes. As a result, we may not have sufficient cash to repay all amounts owing on the notes at maturity. There can be no assurance that we will have the ability to borrow or otherwise raise the amounts necessary to repay such amounts.

Because each guarantor’s liability under its guarantee or security may be reduced to zero, avoided or released under certain circumstances, you may not receive any payments from some or all of the guarantors

Noteholders have the benefit of the guarantees of certain of our subsidiaries. However, the guarantees are limited to the maximum amount that the guarantors are permitted to guarantee under applicable law. As a result, a guarantor’s liability under its guarantee could be reduced to zero, depending on the amount of other obligations of such guarantor. Furthermore, under the circumstances discussed more fully above, a court under applicable fraudulent conveyance and transfer statutes could void the obligations under a guarantee or further subordinate it to all other obligations of the guarantor. In addition, you will lose the benefit of a particular guarantee and security if it is released under certain circumstances described under “Description of the Exchange Notes—Security—Releases of Collateral.”

 

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As a result, a guarantor’s liability under its guarantee could be materially reduced or eliminated depending upon the amounts of its other obligations and upon applicable laws. In particular, in certain jurisdictions, a guarantee issued by a company that is not in the company’s corporate interests, the burden of which exceeds the benefit to the company or which is entered into within a certain period prior to insolvency or bankruptcy, may not be valid and enforceable. It is possible that a guarantor, a creditor of a guarantor or the insolvency administrator in the case of an insolvency of a guarantor may contest the validity and enforceability of the guarantee and that the applicable court may determine the guarantee should be limited or voided. In the event that any guarantees are deemed invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, or to the extent that agreed limitations on the guarantee obligation apply, the notes would be effectively subordinated to all liabilities of the applicable guarantor, including trade payables of such guarantor.

The value of the collateral may not be sufficient to secure post-petition interest and in the event of a bankruptcy of iHeart or any of the guarantors, the holders of the notes will be deemed to have an unsecured claim to the extent that our obligations in respect of the notes exceed the fair market value of the collateral securing the notes

In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or similar proceeding against the guarantors located in the United States, holders of the notes will only be entitled to post-petition interest under the U.S. bankruptcy code to the extent that the value of their security interest in the collateral securing the notes is greater than their pre-bankruptcy claim. In such event, holders of the notes may be deemed to have an unsecured claim to the extent that our obligations in respect of the notes exceed the fair market value of the collateral. No appraisal of the fair market value of the collateral has been prepared in connection with this offering and we therefore cannot assure you that the value of the holders of the notes’ interest in the collateral equals or exceeds the principal amount of the notes. As a result, holders of the notes that have a security interest in collateral with a value equal or less than their pre-bankruptcy claim will not be entitled to post-petition interest under the bankruptcy code. In addition, it is possible that the bankruptcy trustee, the debtor-in-possession or competing creditors will assert that the fair market value of the collateral with respect to the notes on the date of the bankruptcy filing was less than the then current principal amount of the notes. Upon a finding by a bankruptcy court that the notes are under-collateralized, the claims in the bankruptcy proceeding with respect to the notes would be bifurcated between a secured claim and an unsecured claim, and the unsecured claim would not be entitled to the benefits of security in the collateral. Other consequences of a finding of under-collateralization would be, among other things, a lack of entitlement on the part of the holders of the notes to receive post-petition interest and a lack of entitlement on the part of the unsecured portion of the notes to receive other “adequate protection” under U.S. federal bankruptcy laws. In addition, if any payments of post-petition interest had been made at the time of such a finding of under-collateralization, those payments could be recharacterized by the bankruptcy court as a reduction of the principal amount of the secured claim with respect to the notes. No appraisal of the fair market value of the collateral has been prepared in connection with this offering and we therefore cannot assure you that the value of the holders of the notes’ interest in the collateral equals or exceeds the principal amount of the notes. See “—The amount of our obligations under our senior secured credit facilities and our priority guarantee notes (including the notes) substantially exceeds the value of the collateral securing the notes.”

There are circumstances other than repayment or discharge of the notes under which the collateral and related guarantees will be released automatically, without the consent of the holders of the notes or the trustee under the indenture that will govern the notes

All or some of the liens on the property and other assets included in the collateral securing the notes may be released under various circumstances, including the following:

(1) to enable the sale, transfer or other disposal of such collateral in a transaction not prohibited under the indenture governing the notes, including the sale of any entity in its entirety that owns or holds such collateral;

(2) with respect to collateral held by a guarantor, (A) upon the release of such guarantor from its guarantee and (B) upon the sale of such guarantor in a transaction not prohibited by the indenture governing the notes.

The indenture governing the notes also permits us to designate one or more of our restricted subsidiaries that is a guarantor of the notes as an unrestricted subsidiary. If we designate a subsidiary guarantor as an unrestricted subsidiary, all of the liens on any collateral owned by such subsidiary or any of its subsidiaries and any guarantees of the notes by such subsidiary or any of its subsidiaries will be released under the indenture governing the notes. Designation of an unrestricted subsidiary will reduce the aggregate value of the collateral securing the notes to the extent that liens on the assets of the unrestricted subsidiary and its subsidiaries are released. In addition, the creditors of the unrestricted subsidiary and its subsidiaries will have a senior claim on the assets of such unrestricted subsidiary and its subsidiaries.

 

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Holders of the notes will not control certain decisions regarding the collateral securing our senior secured credit facilities

The trustee, as representative of the holders of our priority guarantee notes (including the notes), and the authorized representative of the lenders under our senior secured credit facility, has entered into the credit agreement intercreditor agreement (the “Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement”). See “Description of the Exchange Notes—Intercreditor Agreements—Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement.” The Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement provides, among other things, that the lenders under our senior secured credit facilities, and their authorized representative acting on their behalf, will control substantially all matters related to the collateral securing the notes and the lenders under our senior secured credit facilities may foreclose on or take other actions with respect to such collateral with which holders of the notes may disagree or that may be contrary to the interests of holders of the notes. In addition, the Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement provides that, to the extent any collateral is released to satisfy such creditor’s claims in connection with such a foreclosure, the liens on such collateral will also automatically be released without any further action by the trustee or the holders of the notes and the holders of the notes will agree to waive certain of their rights relating to such collateral in connection with a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding involving us or any guarantor of the notes. The Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement also provides that, while our senior secured credit facilities are outstanding, the collateral agent with respect thereto will control all decisions regarding the collateral securing our senior secured credit facilities at all times, unless, at such time, (i) a series of obligations secured on an equal priority basis has a greater principal amount outstanding than the then outstanding amount of the obligations under our senior secured credit facilities and (ii) the collateral agent under our senior secured credit facilities is not diligently pursuing enforcement actions with respect thereto for at least 90 days. Following such time, the authorized representative for the largest then-outstanding series of obligations party to the Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement would control all decisions regarding the collateral securing the notes at all times and holders of the notes would only be permitted to take enforcement action with respect to such collateral if the notes are the largest then-outstanding series of obligations party to the Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement. As of September 30, 2014, the aggregate principal amount of the obligations under our senior secured credit facilities was $7,231.2 million and the aggregate principal amount of priority guarantee notes (including the outstanding notes) was $5,324.8 million.

After the discharge of the obligations with respect to our senior secured credit facilities, at which time the parties to our senior secured credit facilities will no longer have the right to direct the actions with respect to the collateral securing the notes pursuant to the Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement, that right passes to the authorized representative of holders of the next largest outstanding principal amount of indebtedness secured by a lien on the collateral equal in priority to the lien securing our obligations with respect to our senior secured credit facilities, prior to their discharge. If we have issued or if we issue additional indebtedness that is equal in priority to the lien securing our senior secured credit facilities in a greater principal amount than the notes, then the authorized representative for such additional indebtedness would be next in line to exercise rights under the Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement, rather than the trustee as the collateral agent for the notes. Accordingly, the trustee under the indenture governing the notes and the indenture governing our other priority guarantee notes may never have the right to control remedies and take other actions with respect to the collateral.

Furthermore, the security documents generally allow us and our subsidiaries to remain in possession of, retain exclusive control over, to freely operate and to collect, invest and dispose of any income from the collateral securing the notes. In addition, to the extent we sell any assets that constitute collateral, the proceeds from such sale will be subject to the lien securing the notes only to the extent such proceeds would otherwise constitute “collateral” securing the notes under the security documents. To the extent the proceeds from any such sale of collateral do not constitute “collateral” under the security documents, the pool of assets securing the notes would be reduced and the notes would not be secured by such proceeds. If such proceeds constitute collateral under the receivables based credit facility, the notes would be secured by such collateral on a junior priority basis to the lenders under our receivables based credit facility. For example, the collateral under our senior secured credit facilities does not include a security interest in cash, including cash proceeds from a sale of assets that constituted collateral under our senior secured credit facilities. However, the definition of collateral under the receivables based credit facility includes accounts receivable and other accounts and cash, and any assets acquired with such collateral or otherwise constituting proceeds of collateral under the receivables based credit facility. Accordingly, if assets that constitute collateral under our senior secured credit facilities are sold, the cash proceeds and anything purchased with those proceeds may constitute collateral under the receivables based credit facility and our senior secured credit facilities. In such a case, the holders of notes may not be able to take any enforcement action with respect to such collateral or to receive any proceeds from the sale of such collateral in an enforcement action until our obligations under the receivables based credit facility are paid off in full. Maximum commitments under our receivables based credit facility are $535.0 million, subject to a borrowing base equal to 90% of iHeart’s, and certain of iHeart’s subsidiaries’, accounts receivable. As of September 30, 2014, we had no obligations under the receivables based credit facility. We may reborrow under this facility at any time.

In addition, in most cases, the collateral securing the notes will be taken in the name of the authorized representative of the lenders under our senior secured credit facility for the benefit of the holders of the notes and our other priority guarantee notes and the trustee. As a result, the authorized representative of the lenders under our senior secured credit facility may effectively control actions with respect to collateral securing the notes, which may impair the rights that a noteholder would otherwise have as a secured creditor. The authorized representative of the lenders under our senior secured credit facility may take actions that a noteholder disagrees with or fail to take actions that a noteholder wishes to pursue. Furthermore, the authorized representative of the lenders under our senior secured credit facility under the Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement may fail to act in a timely manner which could impair the recovery of holders of the notes.

 

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Indebtedness under our receivables based credit facility will be senior to the notes to the extent of the value of the collateral securing our receivables based credit facility

Our receivables based credit facility provides revolving credit commitments in a maximum amount equal to $535.0 million, subject to a borrowing base. The receivables based credit facility is guaranteed by, subject to certain exceptions, the guarantors of our senior secured credit facilities. All obligations under the receivables based credit facility, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in all of our and all of the guarantors’ accounts receivable and related assets and proceeds thereof. Obligations under the notes, on the other hand, will be secured, subject to prior liens permitted by the indenture governing the legacy notes, by a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing our receivables based credit facility that is junior in priority to the lien securing our obligations under such credit facility. Any rights to payment and claims by the holders of the notes are, therefore, junior to any rights of payment or claims by our creditors under our receivables based credit facility to the extent of the value of the receivables based collateral. Upon the satisfaction of our obligations to the lenders under our receivables based credit facility, the remaining proceeds of the receivables-based collateral, if any, will be used to pay, on a pari passu basis, our senior secured credit facilities, our priority guarantee notes (including the notes) and any other indebtedness with an equal priority lien on the receivables-based collateral. See “—The amount of our obligations under our senior secured credit facilities and our priority guarantee notes (including the notes) substantially exceeds the value of the collateral securing the notes.”

The rights of holders of the notes with respect to the receivables based collateral will be substantially limited by the terms of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement

The rights of holders of the notes with respect to the receivables based collateral will be substantially limited by the ABL intercreditor agreement that exists between lenders under our senior secured credit facilities and holders of our priority guarantee notes (including the notes) (the “ABL Intercreditor Agreement”). Under the terms of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement, at any time that obligations that have the benefit of the senior priority liens on the receivables based collateral remain outstanding, any actions that may be taken in respect of the receivables based collateral, including the ability to cause the commencement of enforcement proceedings against the receivables based collateral and to control the conduct of such proceedings, and the approval of amendments to, releases of receivables based collateral from the lien of, and waivers of past defaults under, the security documents, will be at the direction of the holders of the obligations secured by the senior priority liens and neither the trustee nor the collateral agent, on behalf of the holders of the notes, will have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if the rights of the holders of the notes are adversely affected, subject to certain exceptions. Under the terms of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement, at any time that obligations that have the benefit of the senior priority liens on the receivables based collateral are outstanding, if the holders of such indebtedness release the receivables based collateral for any reason whatsoever (other than any such release granted following the discharge of obligations with respect to our receivables based credit facility), including, without limitation, in connection with any sale of assets, the junior priority security interest in such receivables based collateral securing the notes will be automatically and simultaneously released without any consent or action by the holders of the notes, subject to certain exceptions. The receivables based collateral so released will no longer secure our and the guarantors’ obligations under the notes. In addition, because the holders of the indebtedness secured by senior priority liens in the receivables based collateral control the disposition of the receivables based collateral, such holders could decide not to proceed against the receivables based collateral, regardless of whether there is a default under the documents governing such indebtedness or under the indenture governing the notes. In such event, the only remedy available to the holders of the notes would be to sue for payment on the notes and the related guarantees. In addition, the ABL Intercreditor Agreement will give the holders of senior priority liens on the receivables based collateral the right to access and use the collateral that secures the notes to allow those holders to protect the receivables based collateral and to process, store and dispose of the receivables based collateral.

In the event that either the Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement or the ABL Intercreditor Agreement is found to be invalid or unenforceable, the liens in favor of the notes will not rank pari passu with the liens in favor of the senior secured credit facilities and the priority guarantee notes with respect to the collateral securing the notes

The Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement establishes the relative priorities of the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities and holders of the priority guarantee notes and the notes with respect to the collateral securing the notes. The Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement provides that the security interest of the holders of notes will be equal in priority to that of the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities and the holders of the other priority guarantee notes. In addition, the ABL Intercreditor Agreement establishes the relative priorities of the lenders under the receivables based credit facility, the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities and holders of the priority guarantee notes (including the notes) with respect to the receivables based collateral. The ABL Intercreditor Agreement provides that the security interest of the holders of the notes will be junior in priority to that of the lenders under the receivables based credit facility and equal in priority to that of the lenders under our senior secured credit facilities and the holders of our other priority guarantee notes.

 

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However, if either the Credit Agreement Intercreditor Agreement or the ABL Intercreditor Agreement is found to be invalid or unenforceable, the priority of these liens will be subject to state law governing perfection and security interests. As a result, because the security interests in the collateral securing our senior secured credit facilities, our other priority guarantee notes and the receivables based collateral of the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities were perfected, in each case, at a date prior to those of the holders of notes, the security interests of the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities and the holders of the other priority guarantee notes will be senior to those of the holders of notes. Therefore, in the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or similar proceeding against us, the proceeds of collateral securing our senior secured credit facilities and our priority guarantee notes and the receivables based collateral would be applied to satisfy our obligations under the senior secured credit facilities and the other priority guarantee notes before it was applied to satisfy our obligations under the notes. Moreover, in the event that the ABL Intercreditor Agreement is found to be invalid or unenforceable, the lenders under our receivables based credit facility will remain senior in priority to holders of the notes with respect to the receivables based collateral.

The waiver of rights of marshaling may adversely affect the recovery rates of holders of the notes in a bankruptcy or foreclosure scenario

The notes and the related guarantees will be secured by the collateral on a pari passu basis with our senior secured credit facilities, our other priority guarantee notes and other related obligations. The ABL Intercreditor Agreement provides that, at any time that obligations under the receivables based credit facility are outstanding, the holders of the notes, the trustee under the indenture governing the notes and the collateral agent may not assert or enforce any right of marshaling as against the lenders under the receivables based credit facility. See “Description of the Exchange Notes—Intercreditor Agreements—ABL Intercreditor Agreement.” Without this waiver of the right of marshaling, holders of such indebtedness would likely be required to liquidate collateral on which the notes did not have a lien, if any, prior to liquidating the collateral securing the notes, thereby maximizing the proceeds of the collateral that would be available to repay our obligations under the notes. As a result of this waiver, the proceeds of sales of the collateral securing the notes could be applied to repay the receivables based credit facility before applying proceeds of other collateral securing other indebtedness, and the holders of the notes may recover less than they would have if such proceeds were applied in the order most favorable to the holders of the notes.

The imposition of certain permitted liens could adversely affect the value of the collateral

The collateral securing the notes is subject to liens permitted under the terms of the indenture governing the notes, whether arising on or after the date the notes are issued. The existence of any permitted liens could adversely affect the value of the collateral as well as the ability to realize or foreclose on such collateral. The collateral also secures our obligations under our senior secured credit facilities and our other priority guarantee notes and may also secure future indebtedness and other obligations of the company and the guarantors to the extent permitted by the indenture governing the notes and the security documents. In addition, a portion of the collateral also secures our receivables based credit facility, and the holders of notes are junior in priority to lenders under our receivables based credit facility with respect to such collateral. As a result, your rights to the collateral would be diluted by any increase in the indebtedness secured by the receivables based collateral. To the extent we incur any permitted liens, the liens of holders of the notes may be junior in priority to such permitted liens.

There are certain categories of property that are excluded from the collateral

Certain categories of assets are excluded from the collateral. These assets include any fee owned real property and all leasehold rights and interests in real property, general intangibles (other than licenses, permits and other authorizations issued by the FCC), investment property and intellectual property (as such terms are defined in the Uniform Commercial Code) where the grant of a security interest therein would adversely affect our rights in such property, including trademark rights; assets in which the grant of a security interest is prohibited by law; margin stock; assets in which we are contractually obligated not to create a security interest; assets in which the taking of a security interest would be unduly burdensome or costly to us; assets that are held for sale; and certain assets identified as exclusions from the collateral by the administrative agent under our senior secured credit facilities.

In addition, the equity interests of our restricted subsidiaries under the legacy notes indenture and the property and related assets that constitute principal property under the indenture governing the legacy notes, will, in each case, be excluded from the collateral unless and until the notes receive the benefit of a springing lien in such collateral, which would occur as a result of $500 million or less aggregate principal amount of the legacy notes remaining outstanding or the legacy notes becoming secured on an equal and ratable basis with the notes offered hereby. See “Description of the Exchange Notes—Security—General Credit Facility Collateral.”

The rights of holders of the notes with respect to such excluded property will be equal to the rights of our and the guarantors’ general unsecured creditors in the event of any bankruptcy filed by or against us or the guarantors under applicable U.S. federal bankruptcy laws.

 

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Rights of holders of the notes in the collateral may be adversely affected by the failure to perfect security interests in certain collateral acquired in the future, and any future pledge of the securities of any subsidiary securing the notes will automatically be released to the extent and for so long as that pledge would require the filing of separate financial statements with the SEC for that subsidiary

The security interest in the collateral securing the notes includes certain assets, both tangible and intangible, whether now owned or acquired or arising in the future. In addition, the notes may in the future become secured by certain equity interests, including equity interests of our restricted subsidiaries under the legacy notes indenture, and the property and related assets that constitute principal property under the indenture governing the legacy notes. See “Description of the Exchange Notes—Security—General Credit Facility Collateral.” Applicable law requires that certain property and rights acquired after the grant of a general security interest can only be perfected at the time such property and rights are acquired and identified. There can be no assurance that the trustee or the collateral agent will monitor, or that we will inform the trustee or the collateral agent of, the future acquisition of property and rights that constitute collateral, and that the necessary action will be taken to properly perfect the security interest in such after-acquired collateral. Such failure may result in the loss of the security interest therein or the priority of the security interest in favor of the notes against third parties.

Under the SEC regulations in effect as of the issue date of the notes, if the par value, book value as carried by us or market value (whichever is greatest) of the capital stock, other securities or similar items of a subsidiary pledged as part of the collateral is greater than or equal to 20% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes then outstanding, such a subsidiary would be required to provide separate financial statements to the SEC. The indenture governing the notes provides that any capital stock and other securities of any of our subsidiaries will be excluded from the collateral for so long as the pledge of such capital stock or other securities to secure the notes would cause such subsidiary to be required to file separate financial statements with the SEC pursuant to Rule 3-16 of Regulation S-X or another similar rule. As a result, if in the future the notes become secured by a pledge of the stock and other securities of any of our subsidiaries held by us or the guarantors, holders of the notes could lose a portion or all of their security interest in such stock or other securities of those subsidiaries during that period. It may be more difficult, costly and time-consuming for holders of the notes to foreclose on the assets of a subsidiary than to foreclose on its capital stock or other securities, so the proceeds realized upon any such foreclosure could be significantly less than those that would have been received upon any sale of the capital stock or other securities of such subsidiary. The lenders under our senior secured credit facilities and the holders of our other priority guarantee notes are subject to the same limitations.

Rights of holders of the notes in the U.S. collateral may be adversely affected by bankruptcy proceedings in the United States

The right of the collateral agent to repossess and dispose of the collateral securing the notes upon acceleration is likely to be significantly impaired by U.S. federal bankruptcy law if bankruptcy proceedings are commenced by or against us prior to or possibly even after the security agent has repossessed and disposed the collateral. Under the U.S. bankruptcy code, a secured creditor, such as the collateral agent, is prohibited from repossessing its security from a debtor in a bankruptcy case, or from disposing of security repossessed from a debtor, without bankruptcy court approval. Moreover, U.S. bankruptcy law permits the debtor to continue to retain and to use collateral, and the proceeds, products, rents or profits of the collateral, even though the debtor is in default under the applicable debt instruments, provided that the secured creditor is given “adequate protection.” The meaning of the term “adequate protection” may vary according to circumstances, but it is intended in general to protect the value of the secured creditor’s interest in the collateral and may include cash payments or the granting of additional security, if and at such time as the court in its discretion determines, for any diminution in the value of the collateral as a result of the stay of repossession or disposition or any use of the collateral by the debtor during the pendency of the bankruptcy case. In view of the broad discretionary powers of a bankruptcy court, it is impossible to predict how long payments under the notes could be delayed following commencement of a bankruptcy case, whether or when the security agent would repossess or dispose of the collateral, or whether or to what extent holders of the notes would be compensated for any delay in payment of loss of value of the collateral through the requirements of “adequate protection.” Furthermore, in the event the bankruptcy court determines that the value of the collateral is not sufficient to repay all amounts due on the notes, the holders of the notes would have “undersecured claims” as to the difference. U.S. federal bankruptcy laws do not permit the payment or accrual of interest, costs and attorneys’ fees for “undersecured claims” during the debtor’s bankruptcy case.

The collateral is subject to casualty risk

Even if we maintain insurance, there are certain losses that may be either uninsurable or not economically insurable, in whole or part. Insurance proceeds may not compensate us fully for our losses. If there is a complete or partial loss of any collateral securing the notes, the insurance proceeds may not be sufficient to satisfy all of our obligations, including the notes and related guarantees.

Any future pledge of collateral might be avoidable by a trustee in bankruptcy

The notes may, upon the occurrence of certain future events, receive the benefit of a pledge of the equity interests of our restricted subsidiaries under the indenture governing the legacy notes and the property and related assets that constitute principal property under such indenture. See “Description of the Exchange Notes—Security—General Credit Facility Collateral.” This or any other future pledge of collateral in favor of the collateral agent, including pursuant to security documents delivered after the date of the

 

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indenture governing the notes and the indenture governing our other priority guarantee notes, might be avoidable by the pledgor (as debtor-in-possession) or by its trustee in bankruptcy if certain events or circumstances exist or occur, including, among others, if the pledgor is insolvent at the time of the pledge, the pledge permits the holders of the notes to receive a greater recovery than if the pledge had not been given and a bankruptcy proceeding in respect of the pledgor is commenced within 90 days following the pledge (or, in certain circumstances, a longer period).

We may not be able to repurchase the notes upon a change of control and holders of the notes may not be able to determine when a change of control giving rise to their right to have the notes repurchased has occurred following a sale of “substantially all” of our assets

Upon the occurrence of specific kinds of change of control events, we will be required to offer to repurchase all notes at 101% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest. The change of control provisions may not protect you if we undergo a highly leveraged transaction, reorganization, restructuring, acquisition or similar transaction that may adversely affect you unless the transaction is included within the definition of a change of control.

Our senior secured credit facilities and our receivables based credit facility provide that the occurrence of certain events that would constitute a change of control for the purposes of the indenture governing the notes would constitute a default under our senior secured credit facilities and our receivables based credit facility. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under our senior secured credit facilities and our receivables based credit facility will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of all amounts due under our senior secured credit facilities and our receivables based credit facility and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor. Much of our other debt, including our other priority guarantee notes, the senior notes due 2021 and the senior notes due 2018 also requires us to repurchase such debt upon an event that would constitute a change of control for the purposes of the notes. Any of our future debt agreements may contain prohibitions of events that would constitute a change of control or would require such debt to be repurchased upon a change of control. The source of funds for any purchase of the notes will be our available cash or cash generated from our and our subsidiaries’ operations or other sources, including borrowings, sales of assets or sales of equity. We may not be able to repurchase the notes upon a change of control because we may not have sufficient financial resources to purchase all of the notes that are tendered upon a change of control. Further, we are contractually restricted under the terms of our senior secured credit facilities from repurchasing the notes tendered by holders upon a change of control. Accordingly, we may not be able to satisfy our obligations to purchase the notes unless we are able to refinance or obtain waivers under our senior secured credit facilities. Our failure to repurchase the notes upon a change of control would cause a default under the indenture governing the notes. Such a default would, in turn, constitute a default under our senior secured credit facilities.

The definition of change of control in the indenture governing the notes includes a phrase relating to the sale of “all or substantially all” of our assets. There is no precise established definition of the phrase “substantially all” under applicable law. Accordingly, the ability of a holder of notes to require us to repurchase its notes as a result of a sale of less than all our assets to another person is uncertain.

Ratings of the notes may cause their trading price to fall and affect the marketability of the notes

The outstanding notes have been rated by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Standard & Poor’s Rating Services. A rating agency’s rating of the notes is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold any particular security, including the notes. Such ratings are limited in scope and do not comment as to material risks relating to an investment in the notes. An explanation of the significance of such rating may be obtained from such rating agency. There is no assurance that such credit ratings will be issued or remain in effect for any given period of time. Rating agencies also may lower, suspend or withdraw ratings on the notes or our other debt in the future. Noteholders will have no recourse against us or any other parties in the event of a change in or suspension or withdrawal of such ratings. Any lowering, suspension or withdrawal of such ratings may have an adverse effect on the market prices or marketability of the notes.

 

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EXCHANGE OFFER

Purpose and Effect of the Exchange Offer

Simultaneously with the issuance of the outstanding notes on September 10, 2014, we entered into a registration rights agreement with the Initial Purchaers, pursuant to which we have agreed that we will use commercially reasonable efforts to take the following actions, at our expense, for the benefit of the holders of such notes:

 

—

no later than 210 days after the closing date of the offering of such notes, file an exchange offer registration statement with the SEC with respect to a registered offer to exchange such notes for exchange notes, which will have terms identical in all material respects to such notes, except that additional interest will not be payable in respect of the exchange notes and the exchange notes will not be entitled to registration rights under the registration rights agreement and will not be subject to the transfer restrictions,

 

—

cause the exchange offer registration statement to be declared effective by the SEC no later than 270 days after the closing date of the issuance of such notes,

 

—

commence the exchange offer promptly (but no later than 10 business days) after the registration statement is declared effective, and

 

—

keep the exchange offer open for at least 20 business days after the date we mail notice of such exchange offer to holders of such notes.

Simultaneously with the issuance of the outstanding notes on September 29, 2014, we entered into a registration rights agreement with the Initial Purchaers, pursuant to which we have agreed that we will use commercially reasonable efforts to take the following actions, at our expense, for the benefit of the holders of such notes:

 

—

no later than 210 days after the closing date of the offering of such notes, file an exchange offer registration statement with the SEC with respect to a registered offer to exchange such notes for exchange notes, which will have terms identical in all material respects to such notes, except that additional interest will not be payable in respect of the exchange notes and the exchange notes will not be entitled to registration rights under the registration rights agreement and will not be subject to the transfer restrictions,

 

—

cause the exchange offer registration statement to be declared effective by the SEC no later than 270 days after the closing date of the issuance of such notes,

 

—

commence the exchange offer promptly (but no later than 10 business days) after the registration statement is declared effective, and

 

—

keep the exchange offer open for at least 20 business days after the date we mail notice of such exchange offer to holders of such notes.

For each outstanding note surrendered to us pursuant to the exchange offer, the holder of such outstanding note will receive an exchange note having a principal amount at maturity equal to that of the surrendered note.

Under existing SEC interpretations set forth in no-action letters to third parties, the exchange notes will in general be freely transferable after the exchange offer without further registration under the Securities Act; provided that, in the case of broker-dealers, a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act is delivered as required. We have agreed for a period of 180 days after consummation of the exchange offer to make available a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act to any broker-dealer for use in connection with any resale of any such exchange notes acquired as described below. A broker-dealer which delivers such a prospectus to purchasers in connection with such resales will be subject to certain of the civil liability provisions under the Securities Act, and will be bound by the provisions of the applicable exchange and registration rights agreement, including certain indemnification rights and obligations.

 

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If you wish to participate in the exchange offer, you will be required to represent to us, among other things, that, at the time of the consummation of the exchange offer:

 

—

any exchange notes received by you will be acquired in the ordinary course of business,

 

—

you have no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in the distribution of the exchange notes within the meaning of the Securities Act,

 

—

you are not our “affiliate,” as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act,

 

—

if you are not a broker-dealer, you are not engaged in, and do not intend to engage in, the distribution of the exchange notes within the meaning of the Securities Act, and

 

—

if you are a broker-dealer, you will receive exchange notes in exchange for outstanding notes that were acquired for your own account as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities and that you will be required to acknowledge that you will deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale of such exchange notes.

Any holder that is not able to make these representations or certain similar representations will not be entitled to participate in the exchange offer or to exchange their outstanding notes for exchange notes.

If, (i) applicable law or the interpretations of the staff of the SEC do not permit us to effect an exchange offer, (ii) an exchange offer for any other reason is not completed within the time frame described above (as applicable) or (iii) any holder notifies us within 20 business days following the exchange offer that, for certain reasons, it was unable to participate in the exchange offer, we will, no later than 30 days after such event (but no earlier than April 8, 2015 with respect to the notes issued on September 10, 2014 and April 27, 2015 with respect to the notes issued on September 29, 2014), file a shelf registration statement relating to resales of the applicable outstanding notes and use commercially reasonable efforts to cause it to become effective within 90 days after filing (but no earlier than June 7, 2015 with respect to the notes issued on September 10, 2014 and June 26, 2015 with respect to the notes issued on September 29, 2014) and keep that shelf registration statement effective until the expiration of two years from the closing date of the issuance of the outstanding notes, as applicable, or such shorter time period that will terminate when all notes covered by the shelf registration statement have been sold pursuant to the shelf registration statement. We will, in the event of such a shelf registration, provide to each holder of the notes copies of a prospectus, notify each such holder of notes when the shelf registration statement has become effective and take certain other actions to permit resales of the notes. A holder of notes that sells notes under a shelf registration statement generally will be required to be named as a selling securityholder in the related prospectus and to deliver a prospectus to purchasers, will be subject to certain of the civil liability provisions under the Securities Act in connection with those sales and will be bound by the provisions of the applicable exchange and registration rights agreement that are applicable to such a holder (including certain indemnification obligations).

If we fail to comply in a timely fashion with the requirements outlined above regarding the completion of the exchange offer (or, if required, a shelf registration statement), and in certain other limited circumstances, the annual interest rate borne by the relevant notes will be increased by 0.25% per annum and an additional 0.25% per annum every 90 days thereafter, up to a maximum additional cash interest of 0.50% per annum, until the exchange offer is completed, the shelf registration statement is declared effective or, with respect to any particular note, such note ceases to be outstanding or is actually sold by the holder thereof pursuant to Rule 144 under circumstances in which any legend borne by such note relating to restrictions on transferability thereof, under the Securities Act or otherwise, is removed by us or pursuant to the indenture.

Terms of the Exchange Offer

Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this prospectus and in the letter of transmittal, we will accept any and all outstanding notes validly tendered and not withdrawn prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date of the exchange offer. You may tender all or any portion of your outstanding notes; however, exchange notes will only be issued in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000.

The form and terms of the exchange notes are the same as the form and terms of the outstanding notes, except that:

 

(1)

the exchange notes each bear a different CUSIP Number from the outstanding notes;

 

(2)

the exchange notes have been registered under the Securities Act and hence will not bear legends restricting the transfer thereof; and

 

(3)

the holders of the exchange notes will not be entitled to certain rights under the applicable exchange and registration rights agreement, including the provisions providing for an increase in the interest rate on the outstanding notes in certain circumstances relating to the timing of the exchange offer, all of which rights will terminate when the exchange offer is terminated.

 

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We will be deemed to have accepted validly tendered outstanding notes when, as and if we have given oral or written notice (if oral, to be promptly confirmed in writing) thereof to the exchange agent. The exchange agent will act as agent for the tendering holders for the purpose of receiving the exchange notes from us.

If any tendered outstanding notes are not accepted for exchange because of an invalid tender, the occurrence of specified other events set forth in this prospectus or otherwise, the certificates for any unaccepted outstanding notes will be returned, without expense, to the tendering holder thereof as promptly as practicable after the expiration date of the exchange offer.

Holders who tender outstanding notes in the exchange offer will not be required to pay brokerage commissions or fees or, subject to the instructions in the letter of transmittal, transfer taxes with respect to the exchange of outstanding notes pursuant to the exchange offer. We will pay all charges and expenses, other than transfer taxes in certain circumstances, in connection with the exchange offer. See “—Fees and Expenses.”

Expiration Date; Extensions; Amendments

The term “expiration date” means 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on         , 2015, unless we, in our sole discretion, extend the exchange offer, in which case the term “expiration date” will mean the latest date and time to which the exchange offer is extended.

In order to extend the exchange offer we will promptly make a press release or other public announcement and notify the exchange agent of any extension by oral or written notice, prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the next business day after the previously scheduled expiration date.

We reserve the right, in our sole discretion, (1) to delay accepting any outstanding notes, to extend the exchange offer or to terminate the exchange offer if any of the conditions set forth below under “—Conditions” have not been satisfied, by giving oral or written notice of any delay, extension or termination to the exchange agent or (2) to amend the terms of the exchange offer in any manner. Such decision will also be communicated in a press release or other public announcement prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the next business day following such decision. Any announcement of delay in acceptance, extension, termination or amendment will be followed promptly by oral or written notice thereof to the registered holders.

Interest on the Exchange Notes

The exchange notes will bear interest from its issuance date. The holders of outstanding notes that are accepted for exchange will receive, in cash, accrued interest on those outstanding notes through, but not including, the issuance date of the exchange notes. This interest will be paid with the first interest payment on the exchange notes. Interest on the outstanding notes accepted for exchange will cease to accrue upon issuance of the exchange notes.

Interest on the exchange notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, commencing on March 15, 2015.

Procedures for Tendering

Only a holder of outstanding notes may tender outstanding notes in the exchange offer. To tender in the exchange offer, a holder must complete, sign and date the letter of transmittal, or a facsimile thereof, have the signatures thereon guaranteed if required by the letter of transmittal or transmit an agent’s message in connection with a book-entry transfer, and, unless transmitting an agent’s message in connection with a book-entry transfer, mail or otherwise deliver the letter of transmittal or the facsimile, together with the outstanding notes and any other required documents, to the exchange agent prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date. To be tendered effectively, the outstanding notes, letter of transmittal or an agent’s message and other required documents must be completed and received by the exchange agent at the address set forth below under “—Exchange Agent” prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date. Delivery of the outstanding notes may be made by book-entry transfer in accordance with the procedures described below. Confirmation of the book-entry transfer must be received by the exchange agent prior to the expiration date.

The term “agent’s message” means a message, transmitted by a book-entry transfer facility to, and received by, the exchange agent forming a part of a confirmation of a book-entry, which states that the book-entry transfer facility has received an express acknowledgement from the participant in the book-entry transfer facility tendering the outstanding notes that the participant has received and agrees: (1) to participate in ATOP; (2) to be bound by the terms of the letter of transmittal; and (3) that we may enforce the agreement against the participant.

By executing the letter of transmittal, each holder will make to us the representations set forth above in the fourth paragraph under the heading “—Purpose and Effect of the Exchange Offer.”

 

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The tender by a holder and our acceptance thereof will constitute agreement between the holder and us in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this prospectus and in the letter of transmittal or agent’s message.

The method of delivery of outstanding notes and the letter of transmittal or agent’s message and all other required documents to the exchange agent is at the election and sole risk of the holder. As an alternative to delivery by mail, holders may wish to consider overnight or hand delivery service. In all cases, sufficient time should be allowed to assure delivery to the exchange agent before the expiration date. No letter of transmittal or outstanding notes should be sent to us. Holders may request their respective brokers, dealers, commercial banks, trust companies or nominees to effect the above transactions for them.

Any beneficial owner whose outstanding notes are registered in the name of a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee and who wishes to tender should contact the registered holder promptly and instruct the registered holder to tender on the beneficial owner’s behalf. See “Instructions to Letter of Transmittal” included with the letter of transmittal.

Signatures on a letter of transmittal or a notice of withdrawal, as the case may be, must be guaranteed by a member of the Medallion System unless the outstanding notes tendered pursuant to the letter of transmittal are tendered (1) by a registered holder who has not completed the box entitled “Special Issuance Instructions” on the letter of transmittal or (2) for the account of a member firm of the Medallion System. In the event that signatures on a letter of transmittal or a notice of withdrawal, as the case may be, are required to be guaranteed, the guarantee must be by a member firm of the Medallion System.

If the letter of transmittal is signed by a person other than the registered holder of any outstanding notes listed in this prospectus, the outstanding notes must be endorsed or accompanied by a properly completed bond power, signed by the registered holder as the registered holder’s name appears on the outstanding notes with the signature thereon guaranteed by a member firm of the Medallion System.

If the letter of transmittal or any outstanding notes or bond powers are signed by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, the person signing should so indicate when signing, and evidence satisfactory to us of its authority to so act must be submitted with the letter of transmittal.

We understand that the exchange agent will make a request promptly after the date of this prospectus to establish accounts with respect to the outstanding notes at DTC for the purpose of facilitating the exchange offer, and subject to the establishment thereof, any financial institution that is a participant in DTC’s system may make book-entry delivery of outstanding notes by causing DTC to transfer the outstanding notes into the exchange agent’s account with respect to the outstanding notes in accordance with DTC’s procedures for the transfer. Although delivery of the outstanding notes may be effected through book-entry transfer into the exchange agent’s account at DTC, unless an agent’s message is received by the exchange agent in compliance with ATOP, an appropriate letter of transmittal properly completed and duly executed with any required signature guarantee and all other required documents must in each case be transmitted to and received or confirmed by the exchange agent at its address set forth below on or prior to the expiration date. Delivery of documents to DTC does not constitute delivery to the exchange agent.

All questions as to the validity, form and eligibility, including time of receipt, of the acceptance of tendered outstanding notes and the withdrawal of tendered outstanding notes will be determined by us in our sole discretion, which determination will be final and binding on all parties. We reserve the absolute right to reject any and all outstanding notes not properly tendered or any outstanding notes our acceptance of which would, in the opinion of our counsel, be unlawful. We also reserve the right in our sole discretion to waive any defects, irregularities or conditions of tender as to particular outstanding notes. Our interpretation of the terms and conditions of the exchange offer, including the instructions in the letter of transmittal, will be final and binding on all parties. Unless waived, any defects or irregularities in connection with tenders of outstanding notes must be cured within the time we determine. Although we intend to notify holders of defects or irregularities with respect to tenders of outstanding notes, neither we, the exchange agent nor any other person will incur any liability for failure to give the notification. Tenders of outstanding notes will not be deemed to have been made until the defects or irregularities have been cured or waived. Any outstanding notes received by the exchange agent that are not properly tendered and as to which the defects or irregularities have not been cured or waived will be returned by the exchange agent to the tendering holders, unless otherwise provided in the letter of transmittal, as soon as practicable following the expiration date.

No Guaranteed Delivery Procedures

There are no guaranteed delivery procedures provided by us in connection with the exchange offer. As only registered holders are authorized to tender outstanding notes through DTC, beneficial owners of outstanding notes that are held in the name of a custodial entity must contact such entity sufficiently in advance of the expiration date if they wish to tender outstanding notes and be eligible to receive the exchange notes.

 

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Withdrawal of Tenders

Except as otherwise provided in this prospectus, tenders of outstanding notes may be withdrawn at any time prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date.

To withdraw a tender of outstanding notes in the exchange offer, a letter or facsimile transmission notice of withdrawal must be received by the exchange agent at its address set forth in this prospectus prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date. Any notice of withdrawal must:

 

(1)

specify the name of the person having deposited the outstanding notes to be withdrawn;

 

(2)

identify the outstanding notes to be withdrawn, including the certificate number(s) and principal amount of the outstanding notes, or, in the case of outstanding notes transferred by book-entry transfer, the name and number of the account at DTC to be credited;

 

(3)

be signed by the holder in the same manner as the original signature on the letter of transmittal by which the outstanding notes were tendered, including any required signature guarantees, or be accompanied by documents of transfer sufficient to have the trustee with respect to the outstanding notes register the transfer of the outstanding notes into the name of the person withdrawing the tender; and

 

(4)

specify the name in which any outstanding notes are to be registered, if different from that of the person depositing the outstanding notes to be withdrawn.

All questions as to the validity, form and eligibility, including time of receipt, of the notices will be determined by us in our sole discretion, which determination will be final and binding on all parties. Any outstanding notes so withdrawn will be deemed not to have been validly tendered for purposes of the exchange offer and no exchange notes will be issued with respect thereto unless the outstanding notes so withdrawn are validly retendered. Any outstanding notes which have been tendered but which are not accepted for exchange will be returned to the holder thereof without cost to the holder as soon as practicable after withdrawal, rejection of tender or termination of the exchange offer. Properly withdrawn outstanding notes may be retendered by following one of the procedures described above under “—Procedures for Tendering” at any time prior to the expiration date.

Conditions

We intend to conduct the exchange offer in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder. Notwithstanding any other term of the exchange offer, we will not be required to accept for exchange, or exchange notes for, any outstanding notes, and may, prior to the expiration of the exchange offer, terminate or amend the exchange offer as provided in this prospectus before the acceptance of the outstanding notes, if:

 

(1)

any action or proceeding is instituted or threatened in any court or by or before any governmental agency with respect to the exchange offer which we reasonably believe might materially impair our ability to proceed with the exchange offer or any material adverse development has occurred in any existing action or proceeding with respect to us or any of our subsidiaries; or

 

(2)

any law, statute, rule, regulation or interpretation by the staff of the SEC is proposed, adopted or enacted, which we reasonably believe might materially impair our ability to proceed with the exchange offer or materially impair the contemplated benefits of the exchange offer to us; or

 

(3)

any governmental approval has not been obtained, which approval we reasonably believe to be necessary for the consummation of the exchange offer as contemplated by this prospectus.

If we determine in our sole discretion that any of the conditions are not satisfied, we may (1) refuse to accept any outstanding notes and return all tendered outstanding notes to the tendering holders, (2) extend the exchange offer and retain all outstanding notes tendered prior to the expiration of the exchange offer, subject, however, to the rights of holders to withdraw the outstanding notes (see “—Withdrawal of Tenders”), or (3) waive the unsatisfied conditions with respect to the exchange offer and accept all properly tendered outstanding notes which have not been withdrawn.

Exchange Agent

U.S. Bank National Association has been appointed as exchange agent for the exchange offer. Requests for additional copies of this prospectus or the letter of transmittal should be directed to the exchange agent addressed as follows:

 

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By Overnight Courier or Registered/Certified Mail: U.S. Bank National Association Corporate Trust Services Attn: Specialized Finance Department 111 Fillmore Ave. E St. Paul, Minnesota 55107		Facsimile Transmission: (651) 466-7372   For Information or to Confirm Receipt of Facsimile by Telephone: (800) 934-6802

Delivery to an address other than set forth above will not constitute a valid delivery.

Fees and Expenses

We will bear the expenses of soliciting tenders. The principal solicitation is being made through DTC by U.S. Bank National Association; however, additional solicitation may be made by electronic mail, facsimile, telephone or in person by our and our affiliates’ officers and regular employees.

We have not retained any dealer-manager in connection with the exchange offer and will not make any payments to brokers, dealers or others soliciting acceptances of the exchange offer. We will, however, pay the exchange agent reasonable and customary fees for its services and will reimburse it for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with these services.

We will pay the cash expenses to be incurred in connection with the exchange offer. Such expenses include fees and expenses of the exchange agent and trustee, accounting and legal fees and printing costs, among others.

Accounting Treatment

The exchange notes will be recorded at the same carrying value as the outstanding notes, which is face value, as reflected in our accounting records on the date of exchange. Accordingly, we will not recognize any gain or loss for accounting purposes as a result of the exchange offer. The expenses of the exchange offer will be expensed as incurred.

Consequences of Failure to Exchange

The outstanding notes that are not exchanged for exchange notes pursuant to the exchange offer will remain restricted securities. Accordingly, the outstanding notes may be resold only:

 

(1)

to us upon redemption thereof or otherwise;

 

(2)

so long as the outstanding notes are eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A, to a person inside the United States whom the seller reasonably believes is a qualified institutional buyer within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Securities Act in a transaction meeting the requirements of Rule 144A, in accordance with Rule 144 under the Securities Act, or pursuant to another exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, which other exemption is based upon an opinion of counsel reasonably acceptable to us if we so request;

 

(3)

outside the United States to a foreign person in a transaction meeting the requirements of Rule 904 under the Securities Act; or

 

(4)

pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, in each case in accordance with any applicable securities laws of any state of the United States.

Resale of the Exchange Notes

With respect to resales of exchange notes, based on interpretations by the staff of the SEC set forth in no-action letters issued to third parties, we believe that a holder or other person who receives exchange notes, whether or not the person is the holder, other than a person that is our “affiliate” within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act, in exchange for outstanding notes in the ordinary course of business and who is not participating, does not intend to participate, and has no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate, in the distribution of the exchange notes, will be allowed to resell the exchange notes to the public without further registration under the Securities Act and without delivering to the purchasers of the exchange notes a prospectus that satisfies the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act. However, if any holder acquires exchange notes in the exchange offer for the purpose of distributing or participating in a distribution of the exchange notes, the holder cannot rely on the position of the staff of the SEC expressed in the no-action letters or any similar interpretive letters, and must comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale transaction, unless an exemption from registration is otherwise available. Further, each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account in exchange for outstanding notes, where the outstanding notes were acquired by the broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities, must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of the exchange notes. See “Plan of Distribution” for more information.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

The exchange offer is intended to satisfy our obligations under the registration rights agreements. We will not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of any exchange notes. The outstanding notes properly tendered and exchanged for the exchange notes will be retired and cancelled. Accordingly, no additional debt will result from the exchange offer. We have agreed to bear the expenses of the exchange offer.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our consolidated cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of September 30, 2014. You should read the following information in conjunction with the information contained in “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Cash and cash equivalents		$	522.4
Long-term debt (including current portion)
Senior secured credit facilities:
Term loan B facility due 2016		$	916.1
Term loan C facility—asset sale facility due 2016			15.1
Term loan D facility due 2019			5,000.0
Term loan E facility due 2019			1,300.0
9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2019			1,999.8
9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2021			1,750.0
11.25% priority guarantee notes due 2021			575.0
9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2022			1,000.0
Other secured long-term debt			18.7
Total secured debt			12,574.7
Senior notes due 2021			1,661.7
Total guaranteed debt			14,236.4
Senior notes due 2018			850.0
Legacy notes:
5.5% senior notes due 2016			250.0
6.875% senior debentures due 2018			175.0
7.25% debentures due 2027			300.0
Total legacy notes			725.0
Total iHeart debt			15,811.4
CCWH Senior Notes due 2022			2,725.0
CCWH Subordinated Notes due 2020			2,200.0
Other long term debt			0.4
Purchase accounting adjustments and original issue discount			(252.0	)
Total long-term debt		$	20,484.8
Total member’s deficit			(9,506.2	)
Total capitalization		$	10,978.6

 

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SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table sets forth iHeart Capital’s selected historical consolidated financial data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and as of and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are derived from iHeart Capital’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2011 and as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 are derived from iHeart Capital’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes not included herein. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of September 30, 2014 and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 are derived from iHeart Capital’s unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of September 30, 2013 are derived from iHeart Capital’s unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes not included herein. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods.

In the opinion of management, the interim financial data reflects all adjustments (consisting only of normal and recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods and operating results for the nine month period ended September 30, 2014 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2014.

This information is only a summary and you should read the information presented below in conjunction with our historical consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus, as well as the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)		Year Ended December 31,																				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2013				2012				2011				2010				2009				2014				2013
																						(unaudited)				(unaudited)
Results of Operations Data:
Revenue		$	6,243,044			$	6,246,884			$	6,161,352			$	5,865,685			$	5,551,909			$	4,602,736			$	4,548,677
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses			2,543,419				2,494,241				2,504,467				2,368,943				2,515,001				1,885,698				1,879,109
Selling, general and administrative expenses			1,649,861				1,666,418				1,604,524				1,566,580				1,516,190				1,266,092				1,226,058
Corporate expenses			324,182				297,366				239,399				300,378				272,629				233,104				245,702
Depreciation and amortization			730,828				729,285				763,306				732,869				765,474				524,798				539,246
Impairment charges(1)			16,970				37,651				7,614				15,364				4,118,924				4,937				—
Other operating income (loss), net			22,998				48,127				12,682				(16,710	)			(50,837	)			45,709				9,694
Operating income (loss)			1,000,782				1,070,050				1,054,724				864,841				(3,687,146	)			733,816				668,256
Interest expense			1,649,451				1,549,023				1,466,246				1,533,341				1,500,866				1,304,335				1,231,437
Gain (loss) on marketable securities			130,879				(4,580	)			(4,827	)			(6,490	)			(13,371	)			—				130,929
Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates			(77,696	)			18,557				26,958				5,702				(20,689	)			(9,388	)			13,595
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt			(87,868	)			(254,723	)			(1,447	)			60,289				713,034				(56,259	)			(3,888	)
Other income (expense), net			(21,980	)			250				(3,169	)			(13,834	)			(33,318	)			16,315				(17,389	)
Loss before income taxes			(705,334	)			(719,469	)			(394,007	)			(622,833	)			(4,542,356	)			(619,851	)			(439,934	)
Income tax benefit (expense)			121,817				308,279				125,978				159,980				493,320				(92,142	)			158,650
Consolidated net loss			(583,517	)			(411,190	)			(268,029	)			(462,853	)			(4,049,036	)			(711,993	)			(281,284	)
Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest			23,366				13,289				34,065				16,236				(14,950	)			13,679				16,372
Net loss attributable to the Company		$	(606,883	)		$	(424,479	)		$	(302,094	)		$	(479,089	)		$	(4,034,086	)		$	(725,672	)		$	(297,656	)
Balance Sheet Data (at end of period):
Current assets		$	2,513,294			$	2,987,753			$	2,985,285			$	3,603,173			$	3,658,845			$	2,299,519			$	2,479,745
Property, plant and equipment—net			2,897,630				3,036,854				3,063,327				3,145,554				3,332,393				2,728,741				2,881,270
Total assets			15,097,302				16,292,713				16,542,039				17,460,382				18,047,101				14,306,035				15,231,181
Current liabilities			1,763,618				1,782,142				1,428,962				2,098,579				1,544,136				1,296,360				1,692,800
Long-term debt, net of current maturities			20,030,479				20,365,369				19,938,531				19,739,617				20,303,126				20,481,547				19,977,777
Member’s deficit			(8,696,635	)			(7,995,191	)			(7,471,941	)			(7,204,686	)			(6,844,738	)			(9,506,211	)			(8,370,752	)
Other Financial Data:
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(2)			—				—				—				—				—				—				—
Deficiency of earnings to fixed charges(2)			607,644				717,904				402,438				617,451				4,500,766				610,235				436,087

 

 

(1)

We recorded non-cash impairment charges of $5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014, and $17 million, $38 million, $8 million and $15 million during 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. We also recorded non-cash impairment charges of $4.1 billion in 2009 as a result of the global economic downturn which adversely affected advertising revenues across our businesses.

 

(2)

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges represents the ratio of earnings (defined as pre-tax income (loss) from continuing operations before equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates) to fixed charges (defined as interest expense plus the interest portion of rental expense). Our earnings, which included impairment charges of $17 million, $38 million, $8 million, $15 million and $4 billion for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, were not sufficient to cover our fixed charges by $607.6 million, $717.9 million, $402.4 million, $617.5 million and $4,500.8 million, respectively. Our earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 were not sufficient to cover our fixed charges by $610.2 million and $436.1 million, respectively.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF

OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion of our results of operations and financial condition together with the information included under “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements and involves numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described under “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors.” Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

OVERVIEW

Format of Presentation

Management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations (“Management’s Discussion and Analysis”) should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related footnotes. Our discussion is presented on both a consolidated and segment basis. Our reportable segments are iHeartMedia (“iHM”), Americas outdoor advertising (“Americas outdoor” or “Americas outdoor advertising”) and International outdoor advertising (“International outdoor” or “International outdoor advertising”). Our iHM segment provides media and entertainment services via broadcast and digital delivery and also includes our national syndication business. Our Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments provide outdoor advertising services in their respective geographic regions using various digital and traditional display types. Included in the “Other” category are our media representation business, Katz Media Group, as well as other general support services and initiatives, which are ancillary to our other businesses.

We manage our operating segments primarily focusing on their operating income, while Corporate expenses, Other operating income (expense), net, Interest expense, Gain on marketable securities, Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates, Other income (expense), net and Income tax benefit are managed on a total company basis and are, therefore, included only in our discussion of consolidated results.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2014 presentation.

During the first quarter of 2012, and in connection with the appointment of the new chief executive officer of our indirect subsidiary, Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. (“CCOH”), we reevaluated our segment reporting and determined that our Latin American operations were more appropriately aligned within the operations of our International outdoor advertising segment. As a result, the operations of Latin America are no longer reflected within our Americas outdoor advertising segment and are currently included in the results of our International outdoor advertising segment. Accordingly, we have recast the corresponding segment disclosures for prior periods.

iHM

Our revenue is derived primarily from selling advertising time, or spots, on our radio stations, with advertising contracts typically less than one year in duration. The programming formats of our radio stations are designed to reach audiences with targeted demographic characteristics that appeal to our advertisers. We also provide streaming content via the Internet, mobile and other digital platforms which reach national, regional and local audiences and derive revenues primarily from selling advertising time with advertising contracts similar to those used by our radio stations.

iHM management monitors average advertising rates, which are principally based on the length of the spot and how many people in a targeted audience listen to our stations, as measured by an independent ratings service. Also, our advertising rates are influenced by the time of day the advertisement airs, with morning and evening drive-time hours typically priced the highest. Management monitors yield per available minute in addition to average rates because yield allows management to track revenue performance across our inventory. Yield is measured by management in a variety of ways, including revenue earned divided by minutes of advertising sold.

Management monitors macro-level indicators to assess our iHM operations’ performance. Due to the geographic diversity and autonomy of our markets, we have a multitude of market-specific advertising rates and audience demographics. Therefore, management reviews average unit rates across each of our stations.

Management looks at our iHM operations’ overall revenue as well as the revenue from each type of advertising, including local advertising, which is sold predominately in a station’s local market, and national advertising, which is sold across multiple markets. Local advertising is sold by each radio station’s sales staff while national advertising is sold by our national sales team and through our national representation firm. Local advertising, which is our largest source of advertising revenue, and national advertising revenues are tracked separately because these revenue streams have different sales forces and respond differently to changes in the economic environment. We periodically review and refine our selling structures in all markets in an effort to maximize the value of our offering to advertisers and, therefore, our revenue.

 

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Management also looks at iHM revenue by market size. Typically, larger markets can reach larger audiences with wider demographics than smaller markets. Additionally, management reviews our share of iHM advertising revenues in markets where such information is available, as well as our share of target demographics listening in an average quarter hour. This metric gauges how well our formats are attracting and retaining listeners.

A portion of our iHM segment’s expenses vary in connection with changes in revenue. These variable expenses primarily relate to costs in our sales department, such as commissions, and bad debt. Our programming and general and administrative departments incur most of our fixed costs, such as utilities and office salaries. We incur discretionary costs in our marketing and promotions, which we primarily use in an effort to maintain and/or increase our audience share. Lastly, we have incentive systems in each of our departments which provide for bonus payments based on specific performance metrics, including ratings, sales levels, pricing and overall profitability.

Outdoor Advertising

Our outdoor advertising revenue is derived from selling advertising space on the displays we own or operate in key markets worldwide, consisting primarily of billboards, street furniture and transit displays. Part of our long-term strategy for our outdoor advertising businesses is to pursue the technology of digital displays, including flat screens, LCDs and LEDs, as additions to traditional methods of displaying our clients’ advertisements. We are currently installing these technologies in certain markets, both domestically and internationally.

Management typically monitors our outdoor advertising business by reviewing the average rates, average revenue per display, occupancy, and inventory levels of each of our display types by market.

We own the majority of our advertising displays, which typically are located on sites that we either lease or own or for which we have acquired permanent easements. Our advertising contracts with clients typically outline the number of displays reserved, the duration of the advertising campaign and the unit price per display.

The significant expenses associated with our operations include direct production, maintenance and installation expenses as well as site lease expenses for land under our displays, including revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed amounts payable under our billboard, street furniture and transit display contracts. Our direct production, maintenance and installation expenses include costs for printing, transporting and changing the advertising copy on our displays, the related labor costs, the vinyl and paper costs, electricity costs and the costs for cleaning and maintaining our displays. Vinyl and paper costs vary according to the complexity of the advertising copy and the quantity of displays. Our site lease expenses include lease payments for use of the land under our displays, as well as any revenue-sharing arrangements or minimum guaranteed amounts payable that we may have with the landlords. The terms of our site leases and revenue-sharing or minimum guaranteed contracts generally range from one to 20 years.

Americas Outdoor Advertising

Our advertising rates are based on a number of different factors including location, competition, type and size of display, illumination, market and gross ratings points. Gross ratings points are the total number of impressions delivered by a display or group of displays, expressed as a percentage of a market population. The number of impressions delivered by a display is measured by the number of people passing the site during a defined period of time. For all of our billboards in the United States, we use independent, third-party auditing companies to verify the number of impressions delivered by a display.

Client contract terms typically range from four weeks to one year for the majority of our display inventory in the United States. Generally, we own the street furniture structures and are responsible for their construction and maintenance. Contracts for the right to place our street furniture and transit displays and sell advertising space on them are awarded by municipal and transit authorities in competitive bidding processes governed by local law or are negotiated with private transit operators. Generally, these contracts have terms ranging from 10 to 20 years.

International Outdoor Advertising

Similar to our Americas outdoor business, advertising rates generally are based on the gross ratings points of a display or group of displays. The number of impressions delivered by a display, in some countries, is weighted to account for such factors as illumination, proximity to other displays and the speed and viewing angle of approaching traffic. In addition, because our International outdoor advertising operations are conducted in foreign markets, including Europe, Asia, Australia and Latin America, management reviews the operating results from our foreign operations on a constant dollar basis. A constant dollar basis allows for comparison of operations independent of foreign exchange movements.

Our International display inventory is typically sold to clients through network packages, with client contract terms typically ranging from one to two weeks with terms of up to one year available as well. Internationally, contracts with municipal and transit authorities for the right to place our street furniture and transit displays typically provide for terms ranging from three to 15 years. The major difference between our International and Americas street furniture businesses is in the nature of the municipal

 

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contracts. In our International outdoor business, these contracts typically require us to provide the municipality with a broader range of metropolitan amenities in exchange for which we are authorized to sell advertising space on certain sections of the structures we erect in the public domain. A different regulatory environment for billboards and competitive bidding for street furniture and transit display contracts, which constitute a larger portion of our business internationally, may result in higher site lease costs in our International business. As a result, our margins are typically lower in our International business than in our Americas outdoor business.

Macroeconomic Indicators

Our advertising revenue for all of our segments is highly correlated to changes in gross domestic product (“GDP”) as advertising spending has historically trended in line with GDP, both domestically and internationally. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, estimated U.S. GDP growth for 2013 was 1.9%. Internationally, our results are impacted by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates as well as the economic conditions in the foreign markets in which we have operations.

Executive Summary

The key developments in our business for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 are summarized below:

 

•

Consolidated revenue increased $54.1 million including an increase of $11.6 million from movements in foreign exchange during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding foreign exchange impacts, consolidated revenue increased $42.5 million over the comparable nine-month period of 2013.

 

•

iHM revenue increased $21.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same period of 2013. Increased revenues from core national broadcast radio and political advertising, and traffic and weather services were partially offset by lower core local broadcast radio.

 

•

Americas outdoor revenue decreased $35.4 million including a decrease of $2.3 million from movements in foreign exchange during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding foreign exchange impacts, revenue decreased $33.1 million over the comparable nine-month period of 2013 primarily driven by lower spending by national accounts.

 

•

International outdoor revenue increased $54.6 million including an increase of $13.8 million from movements in foreign exchange during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding foreign exchange impacts, revenue increased $40.8 million over the comparable nine-month period of 2013 primarily driven by growth from new contracts in western Europe and growth in emerging markets.

 

•

During the first nine months of 2014, we spent $51.6 million on strategic revenue and efficiency initiatives to realign and improve our on-going business operations—an increase of $11.2 million compared to the comparable period of 2013.

 

•

In May of 2014, CCU Escrow Corporation issued $850 million of 10.0% Senior Notes due 2018 in a private offer. In June of 2014, CCU Escrow Corporation merged into us and we assumed CCU Escrow Corporation’s obligations under the 10.0% Senior Notes due 2018. In June of 2014, we used the proceeds from this issuance to redeem $567.1 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.5% Senior Notes due 2014 and $241.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.9% Senior Notes due 2015.

 

•

In August 2014, we retired $222.2 million of our long-term debt through the issuance of 14.0% Senior Notes due 2021 to a subsidiary and the redemption of all of the outstanding $94.3 million of Senior Cash Pay Notes due 2016 and $127.9 million of Senior Toggle Notes due 2016.

 

•

In September 2014, we issued and sold $1,000 million in 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022 and used the net proceeds to prepay at par $974.9 million of the loans outstanding under our Term Loan B facility and $16.1 million of the loans outstanding under our Term Loan C-asset sale facility.

 

•

On December 11, 2014, our Parent announced that its subsidiary had entered into an agreement with Vertical Bridge Acquisitions, LLC (“Buyer”), for the sale of 411 of our broadcast communications tower sites and related assets for up to $400.0 million (the “Tower Portfolio”). The acquisition of the Tower Portfolio may occur in one or more closings, and the transaction is subject to due diligence and other customary closing conditions. Simultaneous with each closing of the sale of the towers, we will enter into lease agreements for the continued use of the subject towers. The initial term of each lease will be fifteen years followed by three additional periods of five years each, subject to exclusions and limitations. If Buyer acquires the entire Tower Portfolio, we will have annual lease payments of approximately $22.7 million, a loss of annual tenant revenues of approximately $11.6 million and a reduction of direct operating expenses of approximately $3.8 million annually.

The key developments in our business for the year ended December 31, 2013 are summarized below:

 

•

Consolidated revenue for 2013 decreased $3.8 million including an increase of $3.5 million from movements in foreign exchange compared to 2012. Excluding foreign exchange impacts and $20.4 million impact of our divestiture of our international neon business during 2012, consolidated revenue increased $13.1 million over the prior year.

 

•

iHM revenue for 2013 increased $46.8 million compared to 2012 driven by increased digital and national sales partially offset by lower political revenues. Our iHeartRadio platform continues to drive higher digital revenues with listening hours increasing by 29%.

 

•

Americas outdoor revenue for 2013 increased $11.2 million compared to 2012 primarily due to increases in occupancy, capacity and rates in our traditional and digital product lines.

 

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•

International outdoor revenue for 2013 decreased $11.9 million including the impact of favorable foreign exchange movements of $5.2 million compared to 2012. Excluding foreign exchange impacts and the $20.4 million impact of our divestiture of our international neon business during 2012, revenue increased $3.3 million compared to 2012. Continued weakened macro-economic conditions in Europe were partially offset by growth in other markets.

 

•

Revenues in our Other category for 2013 declined $54.0 million primarily due to decreased political advertising through our media representation business.

 

•

We spent $57.9 million on strategic revenue and cost-saving initiatives during 2013 to realign and improve our on-going business operations—a decrease of $18.3 million compared to 2012.

 

•

We issued $575.0 million aggregate principal amount of 11.25% priority guarantee notes due 2021 (the “11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes”). Using the proceeds from the 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes issuance along with borrowings under our receivables based credit facility of $269.5 million and cash on hand, we prepaid all $846.9 million outstanding under our Term Loan A under our senior secured credit facility.

 

•

We repaid our 5.75% senior notes at maturity for $312.1 million (net of $187.9 million principal amount repaid to a subsidiary of ours with respect to notes repurchased and held by such entity), plus accrued interest, using cash on hand.

 

•

We amended our senior secured credit facility by extending $5.0 billion aggregate principal amount of Term Loan B loans and Term Loan C loans under our senior secured credit facility through the creation of a new Term Loan D due January 30, 2019. We further amended our senior secured credit facility by extending $1.3 billion aggregate principal amount of Term Loan B loans and Term Loan C loans under our senior secured credit facility through the creation of a new Term Loan E due July 30, 2019.

 

•

We completed an exchange offer with certain holders of our 10.75% Senior Cash Pay Notes due 2016 (the “Outstanding Cash Pay Notes”) and 11.00%/11.75% Senior Toggle Notes due 2016 (the “Outstanding Toggle Notes” and collectively with the Outstanding Cash Pay Notes, the “Outstanding Notes”) pursuant to which $348.1 million aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Cash Pay Notes was exchanged for $348.0 million aggregate principal amount of 14.00% Senior Notes due 2021 (the “Senior Notes due 2021”), and $917.2 million aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Toggle Notes (including $452.7 million aggregate principal amount held by a subsidiary of ours) was exchanged for $853.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 (including $421.0 million aggregate principal amount issued to the subsidiary of ours) and $64.2 million of cash (including $31.7 million of cash paid to the subsidiary of ours), plus, in each case, cash in an amount equal to accrued and unpaid interest from the last interest payment date applicable on the Outstanding Notes to, but not including, the closing date of the exchange offer.

 

•

We completed a supplemental exchange offer with certain holders of our Outstanding Notes pursuant to which $353.8 million aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Cash Pay Notes was exchanged for $389.2 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 and $14.2 million in cash and $212.1 million aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Toggle Notes was exchanged for $233.3 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 and $8.5 million of cash, plus, in each case, cash in an amount equal to accrued and unpaid interest from the last interest payment date applicable on the Outstanding Notes to, but not including, the closing date of the exchange offer less cash in an amount equal to accrued and unpaid interest from the last interest payment date applicable on the Senior Notes due 2021.

 

•

We sold our shares of Sirius XM Radio, Inc. for $135.5 million, recognizing a gain on the sale of securities of $130.9 million.

 

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014 Compared To Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013

Consolidated Results of Operations

The comparison of our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 to the nine months ended September 30, 2013 is as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Nine Months Ended September 30,								% Change
		2014				2013
Revenue		$	4,602,736			$	4,548,677				1.2%
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)			1,885,698				1,879,109				0.4%
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)			1,266,092				1,226,058				3.3%
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)			233,104				245,702				(5.1%)
Depreciation and amortization			524,798				539,246				(2.7%)
Impairment charges			4,937				—				—
Other operating income (loss), net			45,709				9,694				(371.1%)
Operating income			733,816				668,256				9.8%
Interest expense			1,304,335				1,231,437
Gain on marketable securities			—				130,929
Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates			(9,388	)			13,595
Loss on extinguishment of debt			(56,259	)			(3,888	)
Other income (expense), net			16,315				(17,389	)
Loss before income taxes			(619,851	)			(439,934	)
Income tax benefit (expense)			(92,142	)			158,650
Consolidated net loss			(711,993	)			(281,284	)
Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest			13,679				16,372
Net loss attributable to the Company		$	(725,672	)		$	(297,656	)

Consolidated Revenue

Our consolidated revenue during the first nine months of 2014 increased $54.1 million including an increase of $11.6 million from movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, consolidated revenue increased $42.5 million. Our iHM revenue increased $21.2 million driven by increased revenues from core national broadcast radio, political advertising, traffic and weather business, and digital revenues. Americas outdoor revenue decreased $35.4 million including negative movements in foreign exchange of $2.3 million compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, Americas outdoor revenue decreased $33.1 million primarily driven by lower revenues in our Los Angeles market as a result of the impact of litigation, and lower revenues generated by national accounts and the nonrenewal of certain airport contracts. Our International outdoor revenue increased $54.6 million including positive movements in foreign exchange of $13.8 million compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, International outdoor revenue increased $40.8 million primarily driven by growth resulting from new contracts and from growth in emerging markets, partially offset by declines in certain countries. Other revenues increased $16.5 million primarily as a result of an increase in political advertising and a contract termination fee earned by our media representation business.

Consolidated Direct Operating Expenses

Consolidated direct operating expenses during the first nine months of 2014 increased $6.6 million including an increase of $8.1 million from movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, consolidated direct operating expenses decreased $1.5 million. Our iHM direct operating expenses decreased $6.4 million compared to the first nine months of 2013, primarily resulting from lower costs in our national syndication business partially offset by higher sports programming costs, and higher digital streaming expenses resulting from increased listening hours. Direct operating expenses in our Americas outdoor segment decreased $5.9 million including a decrease of $1.7 million from movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, direct operating expenses in our Americas outdoor segment decreased $4.2 million, primarily due to site lease expenses related to the decrease in

 

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revenues and from the nonrenewal of certain airport contracts. Direct operating expenses in our International outdoor segment increased $19.6 million including an increase of $9.8 million from movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, direct operating expenses in our International outdoor segment increased $9.8 million primarily as a result of higher variable costs associated with new contracts.

Consolidated Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses

Consolidated SG&A expenses during the first nine months of 2014 increased $40.0 million including an increase of $1.6 million from movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, consolidated SG&A expenses increased $38.4 million. Our iHM SG&A expenses increased $32.0 million primarily due to higher compensation expense, including commissions, as well as higher spending on iHeart events. SG&A expenses decreased $6.4 million in our Americas outdoor segment including a decrease of $0.3 million from movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, SG&A expenses in our Americas outdoor segment decreased $6.1 million primarily due to lower commission expense in connection with lower revenues, property tax refunds, and lower legal costs related to the Los Angeles litigation discussed further in the “Business” section. Our International outdoor SG&A expenses increased $15.3 million including a $1.9 million increase due to the effects of movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, SG&A expenses in our International outdoor segment increased $13.4 million primarily due to higher compensation in connection with higher revenues, as well as higher litigation expenses.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate expenses decreased $12.6 million during the first nine months of 2014 compared to the same period of 2013 primarily due to lower litigation expenses, the impact of $7.8 million in executive transition costs that were recognized in the third quarter of 2013 and an $8.5 million credit for the realization of an insurance recovery related to litigation filed by stockholders of CCOH. For more information about the matter, please refer to the “Business” section of this prospectus.

Revenue and Efficiency Initiatives

Included in the amounts for direct operating expenses, SG&A and corporate expenses discussed above are expenses of $51.6 million incurred in connection with our strategic revenue and efficiency initiatives during the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The costs were incurred to improve revenue growth, enhance yield, reduce costs, and organize each business to maximize performance and profitability. These costs consist primarily of consolidation of locations and positions, severance related to workforce initiatives, consulting expenses, and other costs incurred in connection with improving our businesses. These costs are expected to provide benefits in future periods as the initiative results are realized.

Of the strategic revenue and efficiency costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2014, $7.8 million are reported within direct operating expenses, $18.3 million are reported within SG&A and $25.5 million are reported within corporate expense compared to $11.1 million, $14.3 million and $15.0 million, respectively, in the same period of 2013.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization decreased $14.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same period of 2013. The decrease was primarily due to assets becoming fully depreciated since September 2013.

Other Operating Income (Expense), Net

Other operating income of $45.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 related primarily to a non-cash gain of $43.5 million recognized on the sale of non-core radio stations in exchange for a portfolio of 29 stations in five markets.

Other operating income of $9.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 related primarily to proceeds from the disposal of operating and fixed assets.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $72.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same period of 2013, primarily due to the weighted average cost of debt increasing as a result of debt refinancings that occurred since September 2013.

 

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Gain on Marketable Securities

The gain on marketable securities of $130.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 resulted from the sale of the shares we held in Sirius XM Radio, Inc. during the second quarter of 2013

Equity in Earnings (Loss) of Nonconsolidated Affiliates

The loss of $9.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 primarily related to the $4.5 million gain on the sale of our 50% interest in Buspak in the third quarter, offset by the first quarter 2014 sale of our 50% interest in ARN, which included a loss on the sale of $2.4 million and $11.5 million of foreign exchange losses that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income at the date of the sale.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

In September of 2014, we prepaid $974.9 million of the loans outstanding under our Term Loan B facility and $16.1 million of the loans outstanding under our Term Loan C-asset sale facility. In connection with these transactions, we recognized a loss of $4.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014.

During June 2014, the Company redeemed $567.1 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 5.5% Senior Notes due 2014 and $241.0 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 4.9% Senior Notes due 2015. In connection with these transactions, we recognized a loss of $47.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014.

During the first quarter of 2014, CC Finco, LLC (“CC Finco”), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of ours, repurchased $52.9 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 5.5% Senior Notes due 2014 and $9.0 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 4.9% Senior Notes due 2015 for a total of $63.1 million, including accrued interest, through open market purchases. In connection with these transactions, we recognized a loss of $3.9 million.

In connection with the prepayment of Term Loan A of our senior secured credit facilities during the first quarter of 2013, we recognized a loss of $3.9 million due to the write-off of deferred loan costs.

Income Tax Benefit (Expense)

The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 was (14.9)%. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 was primarily impacted by the valuation allowance recorded during the periods as additional deferred tax expense. The valuation allowance was recorded against a portion of the U.S. Federal and State net operating losses due to the uncertainty of the ability to utilize those losses in future periods.

Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was 36.1%. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was primarily impacted by the cancellation of indebtedness income recognized during the periods and our inability to record tax benefit on tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions due to the uncertainty of the ability to utilize those losses in future years.

iHM Results of Operations

Our iHM operating results were as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Nine Months Ended September 30,								% Change
		2014				2013
Revenue		$	2,307,193			$	2,286,040				1%
Direct operating expenses:			678,681				685,099				(1%)
SG&A expenses			787,357				755,351				4%
Depreciation and amortization			185,656				200,615				(7%)
Operating income		$	655,499			$	644,975				2%

iHM revenue increased $21.2 million during the first nine months of 2014 compared to the same period of 2013 primarily due to higher revenues from our traffic and weather business as a result of new weather product offerings, increased political advertising, and higher core national broadcast, including events, and digital revenue. We continue to experience increases in digital streaming revenue as a result of continued increased listenership on our iHeartRadio platform. Partially offsetting these increases was a decrease in our local and syndication revenues.

 

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Direct operating expenses decreased $6.4 million during the first nine months of 2014, primarily resulting from lower costs in our national syndication business partially offset by higher sports programming costs, and higher digital streaming expenses resulting from increased listening hours. SG&A expenses increased $32.0 million during the first nine months of 2014 primarily due to higher compensation expense, including commissions and higher spending on iHeart events. Strategic revenue and efficiency costs included in SG&A expenses increased $4.8 million compared to the same period in 2013.

Americas Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our Americas outdoor advertising operating results were as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Nine Months Ended September 30,								% Change
		2014				2013
Revenue		$	917,404			$	952,832				(4%)
Direct operating expenses:			413,761				419,676				(1%)
SG&A expenses			158,789				165,232				(4%)
Depreciation and amortization			144,094				144,256				(0%)
Operating income		$	200,760			$	233,688				(10%)

Our Americas outdoor revenue decreased $35.4 million including negative movements in foreign exchange of $2.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, Americas outdoor revenue decreased $33.1 million driven primarily by lower revenues in our Los Angeles market as a result of the impact of litigation as discussed further in “Business—Legal Proceedings—Los Angeles Litigation,” as well as lower spending by national accounts and the nonrenewal of certain airport contracts.

Direct operating expenses decreased $5.9 million including a decrease of $1.7 million from movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, direct operating expenses in our Americas outdoor segment decreased $4.2 million, primarily due to site lease expenses related to the decrease in revenues and from the nonrenewal of certain airport contracts. SG&A expenses decreased $6.4 million including a decrease of $0.3 million from movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2013. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, SG&A expenses in our Americas outdoor segment decreased $6.1 million primarily due to lower commission expense in connection with lower revenues, property tax refunds, and lower legal costs related to the Los Angeles litigation discussed further in “Business—Legal Proceedings—Los Angeles Litigation.”

International Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our International outdoor advertising operating results were as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Nine Months Ended September 30,								% Change
		2014				2013
Revenue		$	1,241,846			$	1,187,262				5%
Direct operating expenses:			781,730				762,167				3%
SG&A expenses			254,045				238,786				6%
Depreciation and amortization			150,763				150,013				0%
Operating loss		$	55,308			$	36,296				52%

International outdoor revenue increased $54.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same period of 2013, including an increase of $13.8 million from movements in foreign exchange. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, revenues increased $40.8 million primarily driven by revenue growth in western Europe including Italy, due to a new contract for the Rome airport, as well as France, Sweden and other countries. Revenue in emerging markets also increased, particularly in China and Brazil as a result of new contracts.

Direct operating expenses increased $19.6 million including an increase of $9.8 million from movements in foreign exchange during the first nine months of 2014. Excluding the impact of movements in foreign exchange, direct operating expenses increased $9.8 million primarily as a result of higher variable costs associated with new contracts, including the Rome airport contract in Italy. SG&A expenses increased $15.3 million including an increase of $1.9 million from movements in foreign exchange during the first nine months of 2014. Excluding the impact of movements in foreign exchange, SG&A expenses increased $13.4 million primarily due to higher compensation in connection with higher revenues, as well as higher litigation expenses.

 

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Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Operating Income

 

(In thousands)		Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2014				2013
iHM		$	655,499			$	644,975
Americas outdoor advertising:			200,760				233,668
International outdoor advertising			55,308				36,296
Other			33,113				13,890
Other operating income, net			45,709				9,694
Impairment charges			(4,937	)			-
Corporate expenses(1)			(251,636	)			(260,267	)
Consolidated operating income		$	733,816			$	668,256

 

(1)	Corporate expenses include expenses related to iHM, Americas outdoor, International outdoor and our Other category, as well as overall executive, administrative and support functions.

Share-Based Compensation Expense

We do not have any compensation plans under which we grant stock awards to employees. Our employees receive equity awards from iHeartMedia, Inc.’s (“Parent”) and CCOH’s equity incentive plans.

Share-based compensation payments are recorded in corporate expenses and were $8.1 million and $14.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

As of September 30, 2014, there was $26.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on service conditions. Based on the terms of the award agreements, this cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately three years. In addition, as of September 30, 2014, there was $19.2 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on market, performance and service conditions. This cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance condition will be satisfied.

Year Ended December 31, 2013 as Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2012

Consolidated Results of Operations

The comparison of our historical results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2013 to the year ended December 31, 2012 is as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,								% Change
		2013				2012
Revenue		$	6,243,044			$	6,246,884				(0%)
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)			2,543,419				2,494,241				2%
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)			1,649,861				1,666,418				(1%)
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)			324,182				297,366				9%
Depreciation and amortization			730,828				729,285				0%
Impairment charges			16,970				37,651				(55%)
Other operating income, net			22,998				48,127				(52%)
Operating income			1,000,782				1,070,050				(6%)
Interest expense			1,649,451				1,549,023				6%
Gain (loss) on marketable securities			130,879				(4,580	)
Equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates			(77,696	)			18,557
Loss on extinguishment of debt			(87,868	)			(254,723	)
Other income (expense), net			(21,980	)			250
Loss before income taxes			(705,334	)			(719,469	)
Income tax benefit			121,817				308,279
Consolidated net loss			(583,517	)			(411,190	)
Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest			23,366				13,289
Net loss attributable to the Company		$	(606,883	)		$	(424,479	)

 

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Consolidated Revenue

Our consolidated revenue decreased $3.8 million including the increase of $3.5 million from the impact of movements in foreign exchange compared to 2012. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements and $20.4 million impact of our divestiture of our international neon business during 2012, revenue increased $13.1 million. iHM revenue increased $46.8 million, driven by growth from national advertising including telecommunications, retail, and entertainment, and higher advertising revenues from our digital services primarily as a result of increased demand as listening hours have increased. Americas outdoor revenue increased $11.2 million, driven primarily by bulletin revenue growth as a result of increases in occupancy, capacity and rates in our traditional and digital product lines. International outdoor revenue decreased $11.9 million including the impact of favorable movements in foreign exchange of $5.2 million compared to 2012. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements and the $20.4 million impact of our divestiture of our international neon business during 2012, International outdoor revenue increased $3.3 million. Declines in certain countries as a result of weakened macroeconomic conditions were partially offset by growth in street furniture and billboard revenue in other countries. Revenue in our Other category declined $54.0 million as a result of decreased political advertising through our media representation business.

Consolidated Direct Operating Expenses

Direct operating expenses increased $49.2 million including an increase of $3.6 million due to the effects of movements in foreign exchange compared to 2012 and the impact of our divestiture of our international neon business of $13.0 million during 2012. iHM direct operating expenses increased $53.4 million, primarily due to higher promotional and sponsorship costs for special events such as the iHeartRadio Music Festival and Jingle Balls and an increase in digital expenses related to our iHeartRadio digital platform including higher digital streaming fees due to increased listening hours, as well as music licensing fees, partially offset by a decline in traffic expenses. Americas outdoor direct operating expenses decreased $15.7 million, primarily due to decreased site lease expense associated with declining revenues of some of our lower-margin product lines. Direct operating expenses in our International outdoor segment increased $6.9 million, including a $4.8 million increase due to the effects of movements in foreign exchange. The increase in expense excluding the impact of movements in foreign exchange and $13.0 million impact of our divestiture of our international neon business during 2012 was primarily driven by higher site lease and other expenses as a result of increased revenues in certain countries due to revenue growth and new contracts. These increases were partially offset by lower variable costs in other countries where revenues have declined.

Consolidated SG&A Expenses

SG&A expenses decreased $16.6 million including an increase of $1.7 million due to the effects of movements in foreign exchange compared to 2012. iHM SG&A expenses increased $27.0 million primarily due to compensation expenses and amounts related to our variable compensation plans including commissions, which were higher for the 2013 period in connection with increasing national and digital revenues. SG&A expenses in our Americas outdoor segment increased $9.5 million including a $7.8 million decrease in expenses related to a favorable court ruling in 2012, with other 2013 increases being driven by higher compensation expenses including commissions and amounts related to our variable compensation plans and legal costs. Our International outdoor SG&A expenses decreased $40.6 million including a $1.9 million increase due to the effects of movements in foreign exchange compared to the same period of 2012. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements and excluding the $4.2 million impact of our divestiture of our international neon business during 2012, SG&A expenses decreased $38.3 million primarily due to certain expenses during the 2012 period related to legal and other costs in Brazil that did not recur during 2013, as well as lower expenses as a result of cost saving initiatives.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate expenses increased $26.8 million during 2013 compared to 2012. This increase was primarily driven by increases in compensation expenses including amounts related to our variable compensation plans and strategic initiatives as well as $7.8 million in executive transition costs and legal costs related to the stockholder litigation discussed further in the “Business” section of this prospectus.

Revenue and Efficiency Initiatives

Included in the amounts for direct operating expenses, SG&A and corporate expenses discussed above are expenses of $57.9 million incurred in connection with our strategic revenue and efficiency initiatives. The costs were incurred to improve revenue growth, enhance yield, reduce costs, and organize each business to maximize performance and profitability. These costs consist primarily of consulting expenses, consolidation of locations and positions, severance related to workforce initiatives and other costs incurred in connection with streamlining our businesses. These costs are expected to provide benefits in future periods as the initiative results are realized. Of these costs, $15.1 million are reported within direct operating expenses, $22.3 million are reported within SG&A and $20.5 million are reported within corporate expense. In 2012, such costs totaled $13.8 million, $47.2 million, and $15.2 million, respectively.

 

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Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization increased $1.5 million during 2013 compared to 2012, primarily due to fixed asset additions primarily consisting of digital assets and software, which are depreciated over shorter useful lives partially offset by various assets becoming fully depreciated in 2013.

Impairment Charges

We performed our annual impairment tests as of October 1, 2013 and 2012 on our goodwill, FCC licenses, billboard permits, and other intangible assets and recorded impairment charges of $17.0 million and $37.7 million, respectively. During 2013, we recognized a $10.7 million goodwill impairment charge in our International outdoor segment related to a decline in the estimated fair value of one market. Please see Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a further description of the impairment charges.

Other Operating Income, Net

Other operating income of $23.0 million in 2013 primarily related to the gain on the sale of certain outdoor assets in our Americas outdoor segment.

Other operating income of $48.1 million in 2012 primarily related to the gain on the sale of our international neon business in the third quarter of 2012.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $100.4 million during 2013 compared to 2012 primarily as a result of interest expense associated with the impact of refinancing transactions resulting in higher interest rates. Please refer to “—Sources of Capital” for additional discussion of debt issuances and exchanges. Our weighted average cost of debt during 2013 and 2012 was 7.6% and 6.7%, respectively.

Gain (Loss) on Marketable Securities

The gain on marketable securities of $130.9 million during 2013 resulted from the sale of the shares we held in Sirius XM Radio, Inc.

The loss on marketable securities of $4.6 million during 2012 primarily related to the impairment of our investment in Independent News & Media PLC (“INM”) during 2012 and the impairment of a cost-basis investment during 2012. The fair value of INM was below cost for an extended period of time and recovery of the value was not probable. As a result, we considered the guidance in ASC 320-10-S99 and reviewed the length of the time and the extent to which the market value was less than cost, the financial condition and the near-term prospects of the issuer. After this assessment, we concluded that the impairment at each date was other than temporary and recorded non-cash impairment charges to our investment in INM, as noted above. We obtained the financial information for our cost-basis investment and noted continued doubt of the investment’s ability to continue as a going concern. After evaluating the financial condition of the investment, we concluded that the investment was other than temporarily impaired and recorded a non-cash impairment charge to that investment.

Equity in Earnings (Loss) of Nonconsolidated Affiliates

Equity in loss of nonconsolidated affiliates of $77.7 million for 2013 primarily included the loss from our investments in ARN. On February 18, 2014, a subsidiary of ours sold its 50% interest in ARN. As of December 31, 2013 the book value of our investment in ARN exceeded the estimated selling price. Accordingly, we recorded an impairment charge of $95.4 million during the fourth quarter of 2013 to write down the investment to its estimated fair value.

Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates of $18.6 million for 2012 primarily included earnings from our investments in ARN.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

We recognized a loss of $84.0 million due to a debt exchange during the fourth quarter of 2013 related to iHeart’s outstanding notes as discussed elsewhere in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis. In addition, we recognized a loss of $3.9 million due to the write-off of deferred loan costs in connection with the prepayment of Term Loan A of iHeart’s senior secured credit facilities.

In connection with the refinancing of Clear Channel Worldwide Holdings, Inc. (“CCWH”) Series A Senior Notes and Series B Senior Notes due 2017 with an interest rate of 9.25% (the “Existing CCWH Senior Notes”) with the CCWH Series A Senior Notes and Series B Senior Notes due 2022 with a stated interest rate of 6.5% (the “CCWH Senior Notes”) during the fourth quarter of

 

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2012, CCWH paid existing note holders a tender premium of 7.4% of face value on the $1,724.7 million of Existing CCWH Senior Notes that were tendered in the tender offer and a call premium of 6.9% on the $775.3 million of Existing CCWH Senior Notes that were redeemed following the tender offer. The tender premium of $128.3 million and the call premium of $53.8 million are included in the loss on extinguishment of debt. In addition, we recognized a loss of $39.0 million due to the write-off of deferred loan costs in connection with the call of the Existing CCWH Senior Notes, and recognized losses of $33.7 million in connection with a prepayment during the first quarter of 2012 and a debt exchange during the fourth quarter of 2012 related to our senior secured credit facilities as discussed elsewhere in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

Other Income (Expense), Net

In connection with the June 2013 exchange offer of a portion of the outstanding notes for newly-issued Senior Notes due 2021 and in connection with the senior secured credit facility amendments discussed elsewhere in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis, all of which were accounted for as modifications of existing debt, we incurred expenses of $23.6 million partially offset by $1.8 million in foreign exchange gains on short-term intercompany accounts.

Other income of $0.3 million for 2012 primarily related to miscellaneous dividend and other income of $3.2 million offset by $3.0 million in foreign exchange losses on short-term intercompany accounts.

Income Tax Benefit

The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2013 was 17.3% as compared to 42.8% for the year ended December 31, 2012. The effective tax rate for 2013 was primarily impacted by the $143.5 million valuation allowance recorded during the period as additional deferred tax expense. The valuation allowance was recorded against a portion of the U.S. Federal and State net operating losses due to the uncertainty of the ability to utilize those losses in future periods. This expense was partially offset by tax benefits recorded during the period due to the settlement of our U.S. Federal and certain State tax examinations during the year. Pursuant to the settlements, we recorded a reduction to income tax expense of approximately $20.2 million to reflect the net tax benefits of the settlements.

The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2012 was 42.8% as compared to 32.0% for the year ended December 31, 2011. The effective tax rate for 2012 was favorably impacted by our settlement of U.S. Federal and foreign tax examinations during the year. Pursuant to the settlements, we recorded a reduction to income tax expense of approximately $60.6 million to reflect the net tax benefits of the settlements. This benefit was partially offset by additional tax recorded during 2012 related to the write-off of deferred tax assets associated with the vesting of certain equity awards.

iHM Results of Operations

Our iHM operating results were as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,								% Change
		2013				2012
Revenue		$	3,131,595			$	3,084,780				2%
Direct operating expenses			931,976				878,626				6%
SG&A expenses			1,020,097				993,116				3%
Depreciation and amortization			271,126				271,399				(0%)
Operating income		$	908,396			$	941,639				(4%)

iHM revenue increased $46.8 million during 2013 compared to 2012, primarily due to an increase in national advertising revenue across various markets and advertising categories, including telecommunications, retail, and entertainment, as well as growth in digital advertising revenue as a result of increased listenership on our iHeartRadio platform, with total listening hours increasing 29%. Promotional and sponsorship revenues were also higher driven by special events, such as the iHeart Radio Music Festival, Jingle Balls, iHeartRadio Ultimate Pool Party, and album release events. These increases were partially offset by lower political revenues compared to 2012, as well as a decline in our traffic business as a result of integration activities and certain contract losses.

Direct operating expenses increased $53.4 million during 2013 primarily from special events, promotional cost, compensation, and higher streaming and performance royalty expenses during 2013 due to increased listenership on our iHeartRadio platform. In addition, we incurred higher music license fees after receiving a one-time $20.7 million credit in 2012 from one of our performance rights organizations. These increases were partially offset by lower costs in our traffic business as a result of lower revenues and reduced spending on strategic revenue and cost initiatives. SG&A expenses increased $27.0 million primarily on our variable compensation plans, including commissions, as a result of an increase in national and digital revenue. In addition, we also incurred higher legal fees and research expenses related to sales and programming activities in 2013.

 

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Americas Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our Americas outdoor operating results were as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,								% Change
		2013				2012
Revenue		$	1,290,452			$	1,279,257				1%
Direct operating expenses			566,669				582,340				(3%)
SG&A expenses			220,732				211,245				4%
Depreciation and amortization			196,597				192,023				2%
Operating income		$	306,454			$	293,649				4%

Our Americas outdoor revenue increased $11.2 million during 2013 compared to 2012, driven primarily by increases in revenues from bulletins and posters. Traditional bulletins and posters had increases in occupancy and rates in connection with new contracts, while the increase for digital displays was driven by higher occupancy and capacity. The increase for digital displays was negatively impacted by lower revenues in our Los Angeles market as a result of the impact of litigation as discussed further in the “Business” section of this prospectus. Partially offsetting these increases were declines in specialty business revenues due primarily to a significant contract during 2012 that did not recur during 2013, and declines in our airport business driven primarily by the loss of certain of our U.S. airport contracts and other airport revenue.

Direct operating expenses decreased $15.7 million, primarily due to the benefits resulting from our previous strategic cost initiatives as well as reduced variable costs associated with site lease expenses due to reduced revenues on lower margin products. SG&A expenses increased $9.5 million primarily due to the 2012 period being impacted by a favorable court ruling that resulted in a $7.8 million decrease in expenses, with other 2013 increases being driven by legal costs related to the Los Angeles litigation discussed further in “Business—Legal Proceedings,” as well as compensation expenses including commissions and amounts related to our variable compensation plans, which were higher for the 2013 period in connection with increasing our revenues, partially offset by a decrease in costs during 2013 associated with our strategic revenue and cost initiatives compared to 2012.

Depreciation and amortization increased $4.6 million, primarily due to our continued deployment of digital billboards partially offset by assets becoming fully depreciated during 2013.

International Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our International outdoor operating results were as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,								% Change
		2013				2012
Revenue		$	1,655,738			$	1,667,687				(1%)
Direct operating expenses			1,028,059				1,021,152				1%
SG&A expenses			322,840				363,417				(11%)
Depreciation and amortization			203,927				205,258				(1%)
Operating income		$	100,912			$	77,860				30%

International outdoor revenue decreased $11.9 million during 2013 compared to 2012, including an increase of $5.2 million from movements in foreign exchange, and the divestiture of our international neon business which had $20.4 million in revenues during 2012. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange and the divestiture, revenues increased $3.3 million. Revenue growth in certain markets including China, Latin America, and the UK primarily in street furniture advertising revenue, as well as higher transit advertising sales resulting from new contracts in Norway, was partially offset by lower revenues in other countries in Europe as a result of weakened macroeconomic conditions.

Direct operating expenses increased $6.9 million including an increase of $4.8 million from movements in foreign exchange, and the divestiture of our international neon business during 2012 which had $13.0 million in direct operating expenses during 2012. Excluding the impact of movements in foreign exchange and the divestiture, direct operating expenses increased $15.1 million driven primarily by increases in variable costs in certain markets such as China, Norway and Latin America resulting from increased revenues partially offset by declines in expenses in response to declining revenues in other countries in Europe. SG&A expenses decreased $40.6 million including an increase of $1.9 million from movements in foreign exchange and the divestiture of our international neon business during 2012, which had $4.2 million in SG&A expenses during 2012. Excluding the impact of movements in foreign exchange and the divestiture, SG&A expenses decreased $38.3 million primarily due to the absence in 2013 of $22.7 million in expenses incurred during 2012 in connection with legal and other costs in Brazil as well as decreases in 2013 in strategic revenue and cost initiative expenses.

 

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Year Ended December 31, 2012 as Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2011

Consolidated Results of Operations

The comparison of our historical results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2012 to the year ended December 31, 2011 is as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,								% Change
		2012				2011
Revenue		$	6,246,884			$	6,161,352				1%
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)			2,494,241				2,504,467				(0%)
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)			1,666,418				1,604,524				4%
Corporate expenses (excludes depreciation and amortization)			297,366				239,399				24%
Depreciation and amortization			729,285				763,306				(4%)
Impairment charges			37,651				7,614				394%
Other operating income, net			48,127				12,682				279%
Operating income			1,070,050				1,054,724				1%
Interest expense			1,549,023				1,466,246
Loss on marketable securities			(4,580	)			(4,827	)
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates			18,557				26,958
Loss on extinguishment of debt			(254,723	)			(1,447	)
Other income (expense), net			250				(3,169	)
Loss before income taxes			(719,469	)			(394,007	)
Income tax benefit			308,279				125,978
Consolidated net loss			(411,190	)			(268,029	)
Less amount attributable to noncontrolling interest			13,289				34,065
Net loss attributable to the Company		$	(424,479	)		$	(302,094	)

Consolidated Revenue

Our consolidated revenue increased $85.5 million including the impact of negative movements in foreign exchange of $79.3 million compared to 2011. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, revenue increased $164.8 million. iHM revenue increased $98.0 million, driven by growth from national and local advertising including political, telecommunications and auto, and higher advertising revenues from our digital services primarily as a result of higher listening hours and event sponsorship. Americas outdoor revenue increased $26.5 million, driven primarily by bulletin revenue growth as a result of our continued deployment of new digital displays during 2012 and 2011 and revenue growth from our airports business. International outdoor revenue decreased $83.5 million including the impact of negative movements in foreign exchange of $78.9 million compared to 2011. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange movements, International outdoor revenue decreased $4.6 million. Declines in certain countries as a result of weakened macroeconomic conditions and our divestiture of our international neon business during the third quarter of 2012 were partially offset by growth in street furniture and billboard revenue in other countries. Our Other category revenue grew by $47.3 million as a result of increased political advertising through our media representation business during the election year in the United States.

Consolidated Direct Operating Expenses

Direct operating expenses decreased $10.2 million including a $49.7 million decline due to the effects of movements in foreign exchange compared to 2011. iHM direct operating expenses increased $21.0 million, primarily due to an increase in digital expenses related to our iHeartRadio digital platform including higher digital streaming fees due to increased listening hours and rates and personnel costs. In addition, increased expenses related to our traffic acquisition completed in the second quarter of 2011 were partially offset by a decline in music license fees. Americas outdoor direct operating expenses increased $16.0 million, primarily due to increased site lease expense associated with our continued development of digital displays and growth from our airports business. Direct operating expenses in our International outdoor segment decreased $43.4 million including a $49.4 million decline

 

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due to the effects of movements in foreign exchange. The increase in expense excluding the impact of movements in foreign exchange was primarily driven by higher site lease and other expenses as a result of new contracts. These increases were partially offset by lower variable costs in countries where revenues have declined and the impact of the divestiture of our international neon business.

Consolidated SG&A Expenses

SG&A expenses increased $61.9 million including a decline of $21.7 million due to the effects of movements in foreign exchange compared to 2011. iHM SG&A expenses increased $22.1 million, primarily due to expenses incurred in connection with strategic revenue and cost initiatives. SG&A expenses in our Americas outdoor segment increased $12.3 million primarily due to increased personnel costs resulting from increased revenue in addition to increases in costs associated with strategic revenue and cost initiatives. International outdoor SG&A expenses increased $24.4 million including a $21.6 million decline due to the effects of movements in foreign exchange. The increase was primarily due to $22.7 million of expense related to the negative impact of litigation in Brazil.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate expenses increased $58.0 million during 2012 compared to 2011. This increase was driven by higher personnel costs resulting from amounts recorded under our variable compensation plans, higher expenses under our benefit plans, and increases in corporate infrastructure. In addition, we incurred $14.2 million more in corporate strategic revenue and cost initiatives compared to the prior year as well as expenses related to the litigation previously filed by the stockholders of CCOH. Also impacting the increase during 2012 compared to 2011 is the reversal of $6.6 million of share-based compensation expense included in 2011 related to the cancellation of a portion of an executive’s stock options.

Revenue and Efficiency Initiatives

Included in the amounts for direct operating expenses, SG&A and corporate expenses discussed above are expenses of $76.2 million incurred in connection with our strategic revenue and efficiency initiatives. The costs were incurred to improve revenue growth, enhance yield, reduce costs, and organize each business to maximize performance and profitability. These costs consist primarily of consulting expenses, consolidation of locations and positions, severance related to workforce initiatives and other costs incurred in connection with streamlining our businesses. These costs are expected to provide benefits in future periods as the initiative results are realized. Of these costs, $13.8 million are reported within direct operating expenses, $47.2 million are reported within SG&A and $15.2 million are reported within corporate expense. In 2011, such costs totaled $8.8 million, $26.6 million, and $1.0 million, respectively.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization decreased $34.0 million during 2012 compared to 2011, primarily due to various assets becoming fully depreciated in 2011. In addition, movements in foreign exchange contributed a decrease of $9.3 million during 2012.

Impairment Charges

We performed our annual impairment tests as of October 1, 2012 and 2011 on our goodwill, FCC licenses, billboard permits, and other intangible assets and recorded impairment charges of $37.7 million and $7.6 million, respectively. During 2012, we recognized a $35.9 million impairment charge in our Americas outdoor segment related to declines in estimated fair values of certain markets’ billboard permits. Please see Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a further description of the impairment charges.

Other Operating Income, Net

Other operating income of $48.1 million in 2012 primarily related to the gain on the sale of our international neon business in the third quarter of 2012.

Other operating income of $12.7 million in 2011 primarily related to a gain on the sale of a tower and proceeds received from condemnations of bulletins.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $82.7 million during 2012 compared to 2011 primarily as a result of interest expense associated with CCWH’s issuance of $275.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.625% Series A Senior Subordinated Notes due 2020 and $1,925.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.625% Series B Senior Subordinated Notes due 2020 (collectively, “the CCWH Subordinated Notes”) during the first quarter of 2012, partially offset by the impact of other refinancing actions and repayments of senior notes. Please refer to “—Sources of Capital” for additional discussion of debt issuances and exchanges. Our weighted average cost of debt during 2012 and 2011 was 6.7% and 6.2%, respectively.

 

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Loss on Marketable Securities

The loss on marketable securities of $4.6 million and $4.8 million during 2012 and 2011, respectively, primarily related to the impairment of our investment in INM during 2012 and 2011 and the impairment of a cost-basis investment during 2012. The fair value of INM was below cost for an extended period of time. As a result, we considered the guidance in ASC 320-10-S99 and reviewed the length of the time and the extent to which the market value was less than cost, the financial condition and the near-term prospects of the issuer. After this assessment, we concluded that the impairment at each date was other than temporary and recorded non-cash impairment charges to our investment in INM, as noted above. We obtained the financial information for our cost-basis investment and noted continued doubt of the investment’s ability to continue as a going concern. After evaluating the financial condition of the investment, we concluded that the investment was other than temporarily impaired and recorded a non-cash impairment charge to that investment.

Equity in Earnings of Nonconsolidated Affiliates

Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates of $18.6 million for 2012 included earnings from our investments in ARN.

Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates of $27.0 million for 2011 included earnings from our investments primarily in ARN.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

In connection with the refinancing of the Existing CCWH Senior Notes with an interest rate of 9.25% with the CCWH Senior Notes with a stated interest rate of 6.5% during the fourth quarter of 2012, CCWH paid existing note holders a tender premium of 7.4% of face value on the $1,724.7 million of Existing CCWH Senior Notes that were tendered in the tender offer and a call premium of 6.9% on the $775.3 million of Existing CCWH Senior Notes that were redeemed following the tender offer. The tender premium of $128.3 million and the call premium of $53.8 million are included in the loss on extinguishment of debt. In addition, we recognized a loss of $39.0 million due to the write-off of deferred loan costs in connection with the call of the Existing CCWH Senior Notes, and recognized losses of $33.7 million in connection with a prepayment during the first quarter of 2012 and a debt exchange during the fourth quarter of 2012 related to our senior secured credit facilities as discussed elsewhere in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

Loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.4 million for 2011 primarily related to the accelerated expensing of $5.7 million of loan fees upon the prepayment of $500.0 million of our senior secured credit facilities in connection with our issuance of $1.0 billion of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 during February 2011 (the “February 2011 Offering”), partially offset by an aggregate gain of $4.3 million on the repurchase of our 5.5% senior notes due 2014.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income of $0.3 million for 2012 primarily related to miscellaneous dividend and other income of $3.2 million offset by $3.0 million in foreign exchange losses on short-term intercompany accounts.

Other expense of $3.2 million for 2011 primarily related to miscellaneous bank fees and foreign exchange losses on short-term intercompany accounts.

Income Tax Benefit

The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2012 was 42.8% as compared to 32.0% for the year ended December 31, 2011. The effective tax rate for 2012 was favorably impacted by our settlement of U.S. Federal and foreign tax examinations during the year. Pursuant to the settlements, we recorded a reduction to income tax expense of approximately $60.6 million to reflect the net tax benefits of the settlements. This benefit was partially offset by additional tax recorded during 2012 related to the write-off of deferred tax assets associated with the vesting of certain equity awards.

The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2011 was 32.0% as compared to 25.7% for the year ended December 31, 2010. The effective tax rate for 2011 was favorably impacted by our settlement of U.S. Federal and state tax examinations during the year. Pursuant to the settlements, we recorded a reduction to income tax expense of approximately $16.3 million to reflect the net tax benefits of the settlements. This benefit was partially offset by additional tax recorded during 2011 related to the write-off of deferred tax assets associated with the vesting of certain equity awards and our inability to benefit from certain tax loss carryforwards in foreign jurisdictions.

 

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iHM Results of Operations

Our iHM operating results were as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,								%         Change
		2012				2011
Revenue		$	3,084,780			$	2,986,828				3%
Direct operating expenses			878,626				857,622				2%
SG&A expenses			993,116				971,066				2%
Depreciation and amortization			271,399				268,245				1%
Operating income		$	941,639			$	889,895				6%

iHM revenue increased $98.0 million during 2012 compared to 2011, driven by growth from national and local advertising across political, automotive and telecommunication categories. We continued to experience increases in digital revenue as a result of increased listening hours through our iHeartRadio platform as well as higher event sponsorship revenue. Revenue in our traffic business increased due to our traffic acquisition completed in the second quarter of 2011. This revenue growth was partially offset by declines in syndicated programming sales.

Direct operating expenses increased $21.0 million during 2012 compared to 2011, primarily due to an increase in digital expenses related to our iHeartRadio digital platform including higher digital streaming fees due to increased listening hours and rates and personnel costs as well as an increase from our traffic acquisition, partially offset by a decline in music license fees resulting from receiving a one-time $20.7 million credit from one of our performance rights organizations in 2012 and from lower negotiated royalty rates. SG&A expenses increased $22.1 million, primarily due to higher spending on strategic revenue and cost initiatives.

Depreciation and amortization increased $3.2 million, primarily due to our traffic acquisition.

Americas Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our Americas outdoor operating results were as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,								%         Change
		2012				2011
Revenue		$	1,279,257			$	1,252,725				2%
Direct operating expenses			582,340				566,313				3%
SG&A expenses			211,245				198,989				6%
Depreciation and amortization			192,023				211,009				(9%	)
Operating income		$	293,649			$	276,414				6%

Americas outdoor revenue increased $26.5 million during 2012 compared to 2011, primarily driven by revenue growth from our digital bulletins and from our airports business. We deployed an additional 178 digital bulletins during 2012 bringing our total to more than 1,000 digital bulletins in service. The revenue growth resulting from our increased digital bulletin capacity was partially offset by declines in our traditional bulletin and poster revenues. Our airport revenues grew primarily as a result of higher average rates and increased occupancy by customers of our largest U.S. airports.

Direct operating expenses increased $16.0 million due to increased site lease expense as a result of our continued deployment of digital displays and growth of our airport revenue. SG&A expenses increased $12.3 million, primarily as a result of higher personnel costs associated with the increase in revenue generating headcount and commissions and bonuses related to increased revenue, as well as legal and other expenses related to billboard permitting issues. In addition, included in our 2012 SG&A expenses are revenue and cost initiatives. These increases were partially offset by a favorable court ruling resulting in a $7.8 million decrease in expenses.

Depreciation and amortization decreased $19.0 million, primarily due to increases in 2011 for accelerated depreciation and amortization related to the removal of various structures, including the removal of traditional billboards in connection with the continued deployment of digital billboards.

 

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International Outdoor Advertising Results of Operations

Our International outdoor operating results were as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,								%         Change
		2012				2011
Revenue		$	1,667,687			$	1,751,149				(5%	)
Direct operating expenses			1,021,152				1,064,562				(4%	)
SG&A expenses			363,417				339,043				7%
Depreciation and amortization			205,258				219,955				(7%	)
Operating income		$	77,860			$	127,589				(39%	)

International outdoor revenue decreased $83.5 million during 2012 compared to 2011, including $78.9 million of negative movements in foreign exchange. Excluding the impact of movements in foreign exchange, revenues declined in certain geographies as a result of weakened macroeconomic conditions, particularly in France, southern Europe and the Nordic countries, as well as the impact of $15.1 million due to the divestiture of our international neon business during the third quarter of 2012. These decreases were partially offset by countries including Australia, China and Mexico where economic conditions were stronger, and in the United Kingdom which benefited from the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. These and other countries experienced increased revenues, primarily related to our shelters, street furniture, equipment sales and billboard businesses. New contracts won during 2011 helped drive revenue growth.

Direct operating expenses decreased $43.4 million, attributable to a $49.4 million decrease from movements in foreign exchange. The increase in expenses excluding the impact of foreign exchange was primarily due to higher site lease expense associated with new contracts, partially offset by lower site lease expenses in those markets where revenue declined as a result of weakened macroeconomic conditions. The divestiture of our international neon business resulted in a $9.0 million decline in direct operating expenses. SG&A expenses increased $24.4 million including a $21.6 million decrease from movements in foreign exchange. The increase was primarily due to $22.7 million of expense related to the negative impact of litigation in Latin America. Also contributing to the increase were revenue and cost initiatives and increased shelter maintenance in Latin America, partially offset by a $3.2 million impact from the divestiture of our international neon business.

Depreciation and amortization declined $14.7 million, including $9.3 million of negative movements in foreign exchange, primarily as a result of assets that became fully depreciated or amortized during 2011.

Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Operating Income

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,
		2013				2012				2011
iHM		$	908,396			$	941,639			$	889,895
Americas outdoor advertising			306,454				293,649				276,414
International outdoor advertising			100,912				77,860				127,589
Other			23,061				58,829				9,427
Impairment charges			(16,970	)			(37,651	)			(7,614	)
Other operating income, net			22,998				48,127				12,682
Corporate expense(1)			(344,069	)			(312,403	)			(253,669	)
Consolidated operating income		$	1,000,782			$	1,070,050			$	1,054,724

 

(1)	Corporate expenses include expenses related to iHM, Americas outdoor, International outdoor and our Other category, as well as overall executive, administrative and support functions.

 

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Share-Based Compensation Expense

We do not have any compensation plans under which we grant stock awards to employees. Our employees receive equity awards from the equity incentive plans of our indirect parent, Parent, and our subsidiary, CCOH.

As of December 31, 2013, there was $22.9 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on service conditions. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately three years. In addition, as of December 31, 2013, there was $19.6 million of unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements that will vest based on market, performance and service conditions. This cost will be recognized when it becomes probable that the performance condition will be satisfied.

Share-based compensation payments are recorded in corporate expenses and were $16.7 million, $28.5 million and $20.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Included in share-based compensation for year ended December 31, 2011 is a $6.6 million reversal of expense related to the cancellation of a portion of an executive’s stock options.

On October 22, 2012, Parent granted 1.8 million restricted shares of its Class A common stock (the “Replacement Shares”) in exchange for 2.0 million stock options granted under the iHeart 2008 Executive Incentive Plan pursuant to an option exchange program (the “Program”) that expired on November 19, 2012. In addition, on October 22, 2012, Parent granted 1.5 million fully-vested shares of its Class A common stock (the “Additional Shares”) pursuant to a tax assistance program offered in connection with the Program. Upon the expiration of the Program on November 19, 2012, Parent repurchased 0.9 million of the Additional Shares from the employees who elected to participate in the Program and timely delivered to us a properly completed election form under Internal Revenue Code Section 83(b) to fund tax withholdings in connection with the Program. Employees who ceased to be eligible, declined to participate in the Program or, in the case of the Additional Shares, declined to participate in the tax assistance program, forfeited their Replacement Shares and Additional Shares on November 19, 2012 and retained their stock options with no changes to the terms. We accounted for the exchange program as a modification of the existing awards under ASC 718 and will recognize incremental compensation expense of approximately $1.7 million over the service period of the new awards. We recognized $2.6 million of expense related to the Additional Shares granted in connection with the tax assistance program.

Parent also completed a stock option exchange program on March 21, 2011 and exchanged 2.5 million stock options granted under the iHeart 2008 Executive Incentive Plan for 1.3 million replacement stock options with a lower exercise price and different service and performance conditions. We accounted for the exchange program as a modification of the existing awards under ASC 718 and will recognize incremental compensation expense of approximately $1.0 million over the service period of the new awards.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash Flows

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013

The following discussion highlights cash flow activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

		Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2014					2013
Cash provided by (used for):
Operating activities			$	(28,460	)			$	(1,157	)
Investing activities				36,601					(27,986	)
Financing activities				(189,360	)				(483,101	)

Operating Activities

Cash used for operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 was $28.5 million compared to $1.2 million of cash used during the nine months ended September 30, 2013. Our consolidated net loss included $672.6 million of non-cash items during the nine months ended September 30, 2014. Our consolidated net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 included $333.2 million of non-cash items. Non-cash items affecting our net loss include depreciation and amortization, impairment charges, deferred taxes, gain on disposal of operating and fixed assets, gain on marketable securities, loss on extinguishment of debt, provision for doubtful accounts, share-based compensation, equity in earnings (loss) of nonconsolidated affiliates, amortization of deferred financing charges and note discounts, net and other reconciling items, net as presented on the face of the consolidated statement of cash flows. Cash paid for interest was $24.3 million higher in the nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the prior year due to an increase in the weighted average cost of debt, partially offset by the timing of accrued interest payments from refinancing transactions.

 

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Investing Activities

Cash provided by investing activities of $36.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 primarily reflected proceeds of $236.6 million from the sale of our 50% interest in ARN and the sale of our 50% interest in Buspak, partially offset by capital expenditures of $195.0 million. We spent $30.0 million for capital expenditures in our iHM segment primarily related to leasehold improvements and equipment, $48.4 million in our Americas outdoor segment primarily related to the construction of new advertising structures such as digital displays, $84.2 million in our International outdoor segment primarily related to billboard and street furniture advertising structures, $4.1 million in our Other category, and $28.3 million by Corporate primarily related to equipment and software.

Cash used for investing activities of $28.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 reflected our capital expenditures of $197.3 million as well as proceeds from the sale of our shares of Sirius XM Radio, Inc. of $135.5 million. We spent $58.3 million for capital expenditures in our iHM segment primarily related to leasehold improvements, $43.5 million in our Americas outdoor segment primarily related to the construction of new advertising structures such as digital displays, $68.7 million in our International outdoor segment primarily related to new advertising structures such as billboards and street furniture and renewals of existing contracts, $6.8 million in our Other category related to our national representation business, and $20.0 million by Corporate primarily related to equipment and software. Other cash provided by investing activities were $39.8 million of proceeds from sales of other operating and fixed assets.

Financing Activities

Cash used for financing activities of $189.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 primarily reflected payments on credit facilities and long-term debt, partially offset by proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt and the payment by CCOH of a dividend to Class A CCOH shareholders. We received cash proceeds from the issuance by CCU Escrow Corporation of 10% Senior Notes due 2018 ($850.0 million in aggregate principal amount), the sale by a subsidiary of ours of 14% Senior Notes due 2021 to private purchasers ($227.0 million in aggregate principal amount) and the issuance to private purchasers of 9% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022 ($1,000 million in aggregate principal amount). This was partially offset by the redemption of $567.1 million principal amount outstanding of our 5.5% Senior Notes due 2014 (including $158.5 million principal amount of the notes held by a subsidiary of the Company) and $241.0 million principal amount outstanding of our 4.9% Senior Notes due 2015, the repayment of the full $247.0 million principal amount outstanding under our receivables-based credit facility, and the prepayment of $974.9 million aggregate principal amount of the Term B facility due 2016 and $16.1 million aggregate principal amount of the Term loan C facility due 2016. In addition, we redeemed all of the outstanding $94.3 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Cash Pay Notes due 2016, and the $127.9 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Toggle Notes due 2016.

Cash used for financing activities of $483.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 primarily reflected payments on long-term debt. We repaid our 5.75% senior notes at maturity for $312.1 million (net of $187.9 million principal amount held by and repaid to a subsidiary of ours) using cash on hand. We prepaid $846.9 million outstanding under its Term Loan A under its senior secured credit facilities using the proceeds from the issuance of our 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes, borrowings under its receivables based credit facility, and cash on hand. Other cash used for financing activities included payments to repurchase noncontrolling interests of $61.1 million.

Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011

The following discussion highlights cash flow activities during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011.

 

(In thousands)		Years Ended December 31,
		2013				2012				2011
Cash provided by (used for):
Operating activities		$	212,872			$	485,132			$	374,861
Investing activities		$	(133,365	)		$	(397,021	)		$	(368,086	)
Financing activities		$	(595,882	)		$	(95,349	)		$	(698,116	)

Operating Activities

2013

Our consolidated net loss, adjusted for $782.5 million of non-cash items resulted in positive cash flows of $199.0 million in 2013. Our consolidated net loss, adjusted for $873.5 million of non-cash items, provided positive cash flows of $462.3 million in 2012. Cash provided by operating activities in 2013 was $212.9 million compared to $485.1 million in 2012. Cash paid for interest was $162.0 million higher in 2013 compared to the prior year due to the timing of accrued interest with the issuance of CCWH’s Subordinated Notes during the first quarter of 2012 and our 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 during the fourth quarter of 2012.

 

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Non-cash items affecting our net loss include impairment charges, depreciation and amortization, deferred taxes, provision for doubtful accounts, amortization of deferred financing charges and note discounts, net, share-based compensation, gain on disposal of operating and fixed assets, gain on marketable securities, equity in loss of nonconsolidated affiliates, loss on extinguishment of debt, and other reconciling items, net as presented on the face of the consolidated statement of cash flows.

2012

The $110.2 million increase in cash flows from operations to $485.1 million in 2012 compared to $374.9 million in 2011 was primarily driven by changes in working capital. Our consolidated net loss, adjusted for $873.5 million of non-cash items, provided positive cash flows of $462.3 million in 2012. Cash paid for interest was $120.6 million higher during 2012 compared to the prior year. Cash provided by operations in 2012 compared to 2011 also reflected lower variable compensation payments in 2012 associated with our employee incentive programs based on 2011 operating performance compared to such payments made in 2011 based on 2010 performance.

Non-cash items affecting our net loss include impairment charges, depreciation and amortization, deferred taxes, provision for doubtful accounts, amortization of deferred financing charges and note discounts, net, share-based compensation, gain on disposal of operating and fixed assets, loss on marketable securities, equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates, loss on extinguishment of debt, and other reconciling items, net as presented on the face of the consolidated statement of cash flows.

2011

The decrease in cash flows from operations in 2011 compared to 2010 was primarily driven by changes in working capital partially offset by improved profitability, including a 5% increase in revenue. Our consolidated net loss of $268.0 million, adjusted for $833.1 million of non-cash items, provided positive cash flows of $565.0 million in 2011. Cash generated by higher operating income in 2011 compared to 2010 was offset by the decrease in accrued expenses in 2011 as a result of higher variable compensation payments in 2011 associated with our employee incentive programs based on 2010 operating performance. In addition, in 2010 we received $132.3 million in U.S. Federal income tax refunds that increased cash flow from operations in 2010.

Non-cash items affecting our net loss include impairment charges, depreciation and amortization, deferred taxes, provision for doubtful accounts, amortization of deferred financing charges and note discounts, net, share-based compensation, gain on disposal of operating and fixed assets, loss on marketable securities, equity in earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates, loss on extinguishment of debt, and other reconciling items, net as presented on the face of the consolidated statement of cash flows.

Investing Activities

2013

Cash used for investing activities of $133.4 million during 2013 reflected our capital expenditures of $324.5 million as well as proceeds from the sale of our shares of Sirius XM Radio, Inc. of $135.6 million. We spent $75.7 million for capital expenditures in our iHM segment primarily related to leasehold improvements, $89.0 million in our Americas outdoor segment primarily related to the construction of new advertising structures such as digital displays, $108.6 million in our International outdoor segment primarily related to new advertising structures such as billboards and street furniture and renewals of existing contracts, $9.9 million in our Other category related to our national representation business, and $41.3 million by Corporate primarily related to equipment and software. Other cash provided by investing activities were $81.6 million of proceeds from sales of other operating and fixed assets.

2012

Cash used for investing activities of $397.0 million during 2012 reflected capital expenditures of $390.3 million. We spent $65.8 million for capital expenditures in our iHM segment, $117.7 million in our Americas outdoor segment primarily related to the installation of new digital displays, $150.1 million in our International outdoor segment primarily related to new billboard, street furniture and mall contracts and renewals of existing contracts, $17.4 million in our Other category related to our national representation business, and $39.3 million by Corporate. Partially offsetting cash used for investing activities were $59.7 million of proceeds from the divestiture of our international neon business and the sales of other operating assets.

2011

Cash used for investing activities during 2011 primarily reflected capital expenditures of $362.3 million. We spent $50.2 million for capital expenditures in our iHM segment, $120.8 million in our Americas outdoor segment primarily related to the construction of new digital displays, $166.0 million in our International outdoor segment primarily related to new billboard and street furniture contracts and renewals of existing contracts, $5.7 million in our Other category related to our national representation business, and $19.5 million by Corporate. Cash paid for purchases of businesses primarily related to our traffic acquisition and the cloud-based music technology business we purchased during 2011. In addition, we received proceeds of $54.3 million primarily related to the sale of radio stations, a tower and other assets in our iHM, Americas outdoor, and International outdoor segments.

 

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Financing Activities

2013

Cash used for financing activities of $595.9 million in 2013 primarily reflected payments on long-term debt. We repaid our 5.75% senior notes at maturity for $312.1 million (net of $187.9 million principal amount held by and repaid to a subsidiary of ours) using cash on hand. We prepaid $846.9 million outstanding under our Term Loan A under our senior secured credit facilities using the proceeds from the issuance of our 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes, borrowings under our receivables based credit facility, and cash on hand. Other cash used for financing activities included payments to holders of the outstanding notes in connection with exchange offers in June 2013 of $32.5 million and in December 2013 of $22.7 million, payment of an applicable high yield discount obligation to holders of outstanding notes in August 2013 of $25.3 million, payments to repurchase noncontrolling interests of $61.1 million and $91.9 million in payments for dividends and other payments to noncontrolling interests.

2012

Cash used for financing activities of $95.3 million during 2012 primarily reflected (i) the issuance of $2.2 billion of the CCWH Subordinated Notes by CCWH and the use of proceeds distributed to us in connection with a dividend declared by CCOH during 2012, in addition to cash on hand, to repay $2.1 billion of indebtedness under our senior secured credit facilities, (ii) the issuance by CCWH of $2.7 billion aggregate principal amount of the CCWH Senior Notes and the use of the proceeds to fund the tender offer for and redemption of the Existing CCWH Senior Notes, (iii) the repayment of our 5.0% senior notes at maturity for $249.9 million (net of $50.1 million principal amount held by and repaid to a subsidiary of ours with respect to notes repurchased and held by such entity), using a portion of the proceeds from our June 2011 issuance of $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2021 (the “Additional Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021”), along with available cash on hand and (iv) the exchange of $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of Term Loans under our senior secured credit facilities for $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of newly issued 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2019. Our financing activities also reflect a $244.7 million reduction in noncontrolling interest as a result of the dividend paid by CCOH in connection with the CCWH Subordinated Notes issuance, which represents the portion paid to parties other than our subsidiaries that own CCOH common stock.

2011

Cash used for financing activities during 2011 primarily reflected our issuance in February 2011 of $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2021 (the “Initial Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021”) and the June 2011 issuance of Additional Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021, and the use of proceeds from the Initial Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 offering, as well as cash on hand, to prepay $500.0 million of our senior secured credit facilities and repay at maturity our 6.25% senior notes that matured in 2011 as discussed under “—Sources of Capital—Refinancing Transactions.” We also repaid all outstanding amounts under its receivables based facility prior to, and in connection with, the Additional Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 offering. Cash used for financing activities also included the $95.0 million of pre-existing, intercompany debt owed repaid immediately after the closing of the traffic acquisition. Additionally, we repaid our 4.4% notes at maturity in May 2011 for $140.2 million, plus accrued interest, with available cash on hand, and repaid $500.0 million of our revolving credit facility on June 27, 2011. Additionally, CC Finco repurchased $80.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.5% senior notes for $57.1 million, including accrued interest, as discussed in the “—Uses of Capital—Debt Repurchases, Maturities and Other” section within this Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

Anticipated Cash Requirements

Our primary source of liquidity is cash on hand, cash flow from operations and borrowing capacity under our domestic receivables-based credit facility, subject to certain limitations contained in our material financing agreements. A significant amount of our cash requirements are for debt service obligations. We anticipate cash interest requirements of approximately $325 million for the remainder of 2014. At September 30, 2014, we had debt maturities totaling $1.1 million, $2.8 million, and $1.2 billion in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. At September 30, 2014, we had $522.4 million of cash on our balance sheet including $194.7 million in consolidated cash balances held outside the U.S. by our subsidiaries, all of which is readily convertible into other foreign currencies including the U.S. dollar. We disclose in Item 8 of our Form 10-K within Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, that our policy is to permanently reinvest the earnings of our non-U.S. subsidiaries as these earnings are generally redeployed in those jurisdictions for operating needs and continued functioning of their businesses. We have the ability and intent to indefinitely reinvest the undistributed earnings of consolidated subsidiaries based outside of the United States. If any excess cash held by our foreign subsidiaries were needed to fund operations in the United States, we could presently repatriate available funds without a requirement to accrue or pay U.S. taxes. This is a result of significant current and historic deficits in our foreign earnings and profits, which gives us flexibility to make future cash distributions as non-taxable returns of capital.

 

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Our ability to fund our working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and other obligations, and to comply with the financial covenants under our financing agreements, depends on our future operating performance and cash from operations and our ability to generate cash from other liquidity-generating transactions, which are in turn subject to prevailing economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. We are currently exploring, and expect to continue to explore, a variety of transactions to provide us with additional liquidity. We cannot assure you that we will enter into or consummate any such liquidity-generating transactions, or that such transactions will provide sufficient cash to satisfy our liquidity needs, and we cannot currently predict the impact that any such transaction, if consummated, would have on us. If our future operating performance does not meet our expectations or our plans materially change in an adverse manner or prove to be materially inaccurate, we may not be able to refinance the debt as currently contemplated. Our ability to refinance the debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at the time. There can be no assurance that refinancing alternatives will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. Even if refinancing alternatives are available to us, we may not find them suitable or at comparable interest rates to the indebtedness being refinanced. In addition, the terms of our existing or future debt agreements may restrict us from securing a refinancing on terms that are available to us at that time. If we are unable to obtain sources of refinancing or generate sufficient cash through liquidity-generating transactions, we could face substantial liquidity problems, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and on our ability to meet our obligations.

Our financing transactions during 2013 increased our annual interest expense by $267 million and our financing transactions during 2014 increased our annual interest expense by an additional $103 million. Our increased interest payment obligations will reduce our liquidity over time, which could in turn reduce our financial flexibility and make us more vulnerable to changes in operating performance and economic downturns generally, and could negatively affect our ability to obtain additional financing in the future.

We frequently evaluate strategic opportunities both within and outside our existing lines of business. We expect from time to time to pursue acquisitions or dispositions, which could be material. We and our subsidiaries’ significant amount of indebtedness may limit our ability to pursue acquisitions. The terms of our existing or future debt agreements may also restrict our ability to engage in these transactions.

Based on our current and anticipated levels of operations and conditions in our markets, we believe that cash on hand, cash flow from operations, borrowing capacity under our receivables based credit facility and cash from other liquidity-generating transactions will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditure, debt service and other funding requirements for at least the next 12 months. Significant assumptions underlie this belief, including, among other things, that we will continue to be successful in implementing our business strategy and that there will be no material adverse developments in our business, liquidity or capital requirements, and that we will be able to consummate liquidity-generating transactions in a timely manner and on terms acceptable to us. We cannot assure you that this will be the case. If our future cash flows from operations, financing sources and other liquidity-generating transactions are insufficient to pay our debt obligations as they mature or to fund our liquidity needs, we may be forced to reduce or delay our business activities and capital expenditures, sell material assets, seek additional capital or refinance our and our subsidiaries’ debt. We cannot assure you that we would be able to accomplish any of these alternatives on a timely basis or on satisfactory terms, if at all.

We were in compliance with the covenants contained in our material financing agreements as of September 30, 2014, including the maximum consolidated senior secured net debt to consolidated EBITDA limitation contained in our senior secured credit facilities. We believe our long-term plans, which include promoting spending in our industries and capitalizing on our diverse geographic and product opportunities, including the continued investment in our media and entertainment initiatives and continued deployment of digital displays, will enable us to continue generating cash flows from operations sufficient to meet our liquidity and funding requirements long term. However, our anticipated results are subject to significant uncertainty and there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain compliance with these covenants. In addition, our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. The breach of any covenants set forth in our financing agreements would result in a default thereunder. An event of default would permit the lenders under a defaulted financing agreement to declare all indebtedness thereunder to be due and payable prior to maturity. Moreover, the lenders under the receivables based facility under our senior secured credit facilities would have the option to terminate their commitments to make further extensions of credit thereunder. If we are unable to repay our obligations under any secured credit facility, the lenders could proceed against any assets that were pledged to secure such facility. In addition, a default or acceleration under any of our material financing agreements could cause a default under other of our obligations that are subject to cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions. The threshold amount for a cross-default under the senior secured credit facilities is $100.0 million.

 

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Sources of Capital

As of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 and 2012, we had the following debt outstanding, net of cash and cash equivalents:

 

		September 30, 2014				December 31,
(In millions)						2013				2012
Senior Secured Credit Facilities:
Term loan A Facility		$	—			$	—			$	846.9
Term loan B Facility			916.1				1,891.0				7,714.9
Term loan C—Asset Sale Facility			15.1				34.8				513.7
Term loan D Facility			5,000.0				5,000.0				—
Term loan E Facility			1,300.0				1,300.0				—
Receivables Based Facility(1)			—				247.0				—
9% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019			1,999.8				1,999.8				1,999.8
9% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021			1,750.0				1,750.0				1,750.0
11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021			575.0				575.0				—
9% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022			1,000.0				—				—
Other Secured Subsidiary Debt			18.7				21.1				25.5
Total Secured Debt			12,574.7				12,818.7				12,850.8
Senior Cash Pay Notes			—				94.3				796.3
Senior Toggle Notes			—				127.9				829.8
Senior Notes due 2021			1,661.7				1,404.2				—
Senior Notes due 2018			850.0				—				—
Legacy Notes			725.0				1,436.5				1,748.6
Subsidiary Senior Notes due 2022			2,725.0				2,725.0				2,725.0
Subsidiary Senior Subordinated Notes due 2020			2,200.0				2,200.0				2,200.0
Other Subsidiary Debt			0.4				—				5.6
Purchase accounting adjustments and original issue discount			(252.0)				(322.4)				(409.0)
Total Debt			20,484.8				20,484.2				20,747.1
Less: Cash and cash equivalents			522.4				708.2				1,225.0
		$	19,962.4			$	19,776.0			$	19,522.1

 

(1)	The receivables based credit facility provides for borrowings of up to the lesser of $535 million (the revolving credit commitment) or the borrowing base amount, as defined under the receivables based facility, subject to certain limitations contained in our material financing agreements.

Our subsidiaries have from time to time repurchased certain of our debt obligations and equity securities of CCOH and Parent, and may in the future, as part of various financing and investment strategies, purchase additional outstanding indebtedness of us or our subsidiaries or outstanding equity securities of CCOH or Parent, in tender offers, open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. We or our subsidiaries may also sell certain assets, securities or properties. These purchases or sales, if any, could have a material positive or negative impact on our liquidity available to repay outstanding debt obligations or on our consolidated results of operations. These transactions could also require or result in amendments to the agreements governing outstanding debt obligations or changes in our leverage or other financial ratios, which could have a material positive or negative impact on our ability to comply with the covenants contained in our debt agreements. These transactions, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Senior Secured Credit Facilities

As of September 30, 2014, we had a total of $7.2 billion outstanding under our senior secured credit facilities, consisting of:

 

•

a $916.1 million Term Loan B, which matures on January 29, 2016;

 

•

a $15.1 million Term Loan C, which matures on January 29, 2016;

 

•

a $5.0 billion Term Loan D, which matures on January 30, 2019; and

 

•

a $1.3 billion Term Loan E, which matures on July 30, 2019.

We may raise incremental Term Loans of up to (a) $1.5 billion, plus (b) the excess, if any, of (x) 0.65 times pro forma consolidated EBITDA (as calculated in the manner provided in the senior secured credit facilities documentation), over (y) $1.5 billion, plus (c) the aggregate amount of certain principal prepayments made in respect of the Term Loans under the senior secured credit facilities. Availability of such incremental Term Loans is subject, among other things, to the absence of any default, pro forma compliance with the financial covenant and the receipt of commitments by existing or additional financial institutions.

 

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We are the primary borrower under the senior secured credit facilities, except that certain of our domestic restricted subsidiaries are co-borrowers under a portion of the Term Loan facilities.

Interest Rate and Fees

Borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at our option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (A) the prime lending rate publicly announced by the administrative agent or (B) the Federal funds effective rate from time to time plus 0.50%, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs.

The margin percentages applicable to the Term Loan facilities are the following percentages per annum:

 

•

with respect to loans under the Term Loan B and Term Loan C—asset sale facility, (i) 2.65%, in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 3.65%, in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans; and

 

•

with respect to loans under the Term Loan D, (i) 5.75% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 6.75% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans; and

 

•

with respect to loans under the Term Loan E, (i) 6.50% in the case of base rate loans and (ii) 7.50% in the case of Eurocurrency rate loans.

The margin percentages are subject to adjustment based upon our leverage ratio.

Prepayments

The senior secured credit facilities require us to prepay outstanding Term Loans, subject to certain exceptions, with:

 

•

50% (which percentage may be reduced to 25% and to 0% based upon our leverage ratio) of our annual excess cash flow (as calculated in accordance with our senior secured credit facilities), less any voluntary prepayments of Term Loans and subject to customary credits;

 

•

100% of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions of specified assets being marketed for sale (including casualty and condemnation events), subject to certain exceptions;

 

•

100% (which percentage may be reduced to 75% and 50% based upon our leverage ratio) of the net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions by us or our wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries of assets other than specified assets being marketed for sale, subject to reinvestment rights and certain other exceptions;

 

•

100% of the net cash proceeds of (i) any incurrence of certain debt, other than debt permitted under our senior secured credit facilities. (ii) certain securitization financing, (iii) certain issuances of Permitted Additional Notes (as defined in the senior secured credit facilities) and (iv) certain issuances of Permitted Unsecured Notes and Permitted Senior Secured Notes (as defined in the senior secured credit facilities); and

 

•

Net cash proceeds received by us as dividends or distributions from indebtedness incurred at CCOH provided that the Consolidated Leverage Ratio of CCOH is no greater than 7.00 to 1.00.

The foregoing prepayments with the net cash proceeds of any incurrence of certain debt, other than debt permitted under our senior secured credit facilities, certain securitization financing, issuances of Permitted Additional Notes and annual excess cash flow will be applied, at our option, to the Term Loans (on a pro rata basis, other than that non-extended classes of Term Loans may be prepaid prior to any corresponding extended class), in each case (i) first to the Term Loans outstanding under Term Loan B and (ii) one of (w) second, to outstanding Term Loan C—asset sale facility loans; third, to outstanding Term Loan D; and fourth, to outstanding Term Loan E, or (x) second, to outstanding Term Loan C—asset sale facility loans; third, to outstanding Term Loan E; and fourth, to outstanding Term Loan D, or (y) second, to outstanding Term Loan C—asset sale facility loans; and third, ratably to outstanding Term Loan D and Term Loan E, or (z) second, ratably to outstanding Term Loan C—asset sale facility loans, Term Loan D and Term Loan E. In each case to the remaining installments thereof in direct order of maturity for the Term Loan C—asset sale facility loans.

The foregoing prepayments with net cash proceeds of sales or other dispositions by us or our wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries of assets other than specified assets being marketed for sale, subject to reinvestment rights and certain other exceptions, will be applied (i) first to the Term Loan C—asset sale facility loans in direct order of maturity, and (ii) one of (w) second, to outstanding Term Loan B; third, to outstanding Term Loan D; and fourth, to outstanding Term Loan E, or (x) second, to outstanding Term Loan B; third, to outstanding Term Loan E; and fourth, to outstanding Term Loan D, or (y) second, to outstanding Term Loan B; and third, ratably to outstanding Term Loan D and Term Loan E, or (z) second, ratably to outstanding Term Loan B, Term Loan D and Term Loan E.

 

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The foregoing prepayments with net cash proceeds of issuances of Permitted Unsecured Notes and Permitted Senior Secured Notes and Net Cash Proceeds received by us as a distribution from indebtedness incurred by CCOH will be applied (i) first, ratably to outstanding Term Loan B and Term Loan C in direct order of maturity, second, to the outstanding Term Loan D and, third, to outstanding Term Loan E, (ii) first, ratably to outstanding Term Loan B and Term Loan C in direct order of maturity, second, to the outstanding Term Loan E and, third, to outstanding Term Loan D, (iii) first, ratably to outstanding Term Loan B and Term Loan C in direct order of maturity and, second, ratably to outstanding Term Loan D and Term Loan E or (iv) ratably to outstanding Term Loan B, Term Loan C, Term Loan D and Term Loan E.

We may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under the senior secured credit facilities at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans.

Amendments

On October 25, 2012, we amended the terms of our senior secured credit facilities (the “Amendments”). The Amendments, among other things: (i) permit exchange offers of Term Loans for new debt securities in an aggregate principal amount of up to $5.0 billion (including the $2.0 billion of 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2019 issued in December 2012 as described under “—Sources of Capital—Refinancing Transactions” below); (ii) provide us with greater flexibility to prepay tranche A Term Loans; (iii) following the repayment or extension of all tranche A Term Loans, permit below par non-pro rata purchases of Term Loans pursuant to customary Dutch auction procedures whereby all lenders of the class of Term Loans offered to be purchased will be offered an opportunity to participate; (iv) following the repayment or extension of all tranche A Term Loans, permit the repurchase of junior debt maturing before January 2016 with cash on hand in an amount not to exceed $200.0 million; (v) combine the Term Loan B, the delayed draw Term Loan 1 and the delayed draw Term Loan 2 under the senior secured credit facilities; (vi ) preserve revolving credit facility capacity in the event we repay all amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility; and (vii) eliminate certain restrictions on the ability of CCOH and its subsidiaries to incur debt. On October 31, 2012, we repaid and permanently cancelled the commitments under our revolving credit facility, which was set to mature in July 2014.

On February 28, 2013, we repaid all $846.9 million of loans outstanding under our Term Loan A facility.

On May 31, 2013, we further amended the terms of our senior secured credit facilities by extending a portion of Term Loan B and Term Loan C loans due 2016 through the creation of a new $5.0 billion Term Loan D due January 30, 2019. The amendment also permitted us to make applicable high yield discount obligation catch-up payments beginning after May 2018 with respect to the new Term Loan D and in June 2018 with respect to the outstanding notes, which were issued in connection with the exchange of a portion of the Senior Cash Pay Notes and Senior Toggle Notes.

In connection with the December 2013 refinancing discussed later, we further amended the terms of our senior secured credit facilities on December 18, 2013, to extend a portion of the Term Loan B and Term Loan C due 2016 through the creation of a new $1.3 billion Term Loan E due July 30, 2019.

Collateral and Guarantees

The senior secured credit facilities are guaranteed by us and each of our existing and future material wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

All obligations under the senior secured credit facilities, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured, subject to permitted liens, including prior liens permitted by the indenture governing our senior notes, and other exceptions, by:

 

•

a lien on our capital stock;

 

•

100% of the capital stock of any future material wholly-owned domestic license subsidiary that is not a “Restricted Subsidiary” under the indenture governing our senior notes;

 

•

certain assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing our senior notes);

 

•

certain specified assets of ours and the guarantors that constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing our senior notes) securing obligations under the senior secured credit facilities up to the maximum amount permitted to be secured by such assets without requiring equal and ratable security under the indenture governing our senior notes; and

 

•

a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing our receivables based credit facility that is junior to the lien securing our obligations under such credit facility.

Certain Covenants and Events of Default

The senior secured credit facilities require us to comply on a quarterly basis with a financial covenant limiting the ratio of consolidated secured debt, net of cash and cash equivalents, to consolidated EBITDA (as defined by our senior secured credit facilities) for the preceding four quarters. Our secured debt consists of the senior secured credit facilities, the receivables-based credit facility, the priority guarantee notes and certain other secured subsidiary debt. As required by the definition of consolidated EBITDA in our senior secured credit facilities, our consolidated EBITDA for the preceding four quarters of $1.9 billion is calculated as

 

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operating income (loss) before depreciation, amortization, impairment charges and other operating income (expense), net plus share-based compensation and is further adjusted for the following items: (i) costs incurred in connection with the closure and/or consolidation of facilities, retention charges, consulting fees and other permitted activities; (ii) extraordinary, non-recurring or unusual gains or losses or expenses and severance; (iii) non-cash charges; (iv) cash received from nonconsolidated affiliates; and (v) various other items.

The following table reflects a reconciliation of consolidated EBITDA (as defined by our senior secured credit facilities) to operating income and net cash provided by operating activities for the four quarters ended September 30, 2014:

 

(In Millions)		Four Quarters Ended September 30, 2014
Consolidated EBITDA (as defined by our senior secured credit facilities)		$	1,927.0
Less adjustments to consolidated EBITDA (as defined by our senior secured credit facilities):
Cost incurred in connection with the closure and/or consolidation of facilities, retention charges, consulting fees, and other permitted activities			(82.6)
Extraordinary, non-recurring or unusual gains or losses or expenses and severance (as referenced in the definition of consolidated EBITDA in our senior secured credit facilities)			(21.8)
Non-cash charges			(46.2)
Cash received from nonconsolidated affiliates			(2.8)
Other items			(17.3)
Less: Depreciation and amortization, Impairment charges, Other operating income (expense), net, and Share-based compensation expense			(797.3)
Operating income			959.0
Plus: Depreciation and amortization, Impairment charges, Other operating income (expense), net, and Share-based compensation expense			797.3
Less: Interest expense			(1,722.37)
Less: Current income tax expense			(46.9)
Plus: Other income (expense), net			11.7
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net loss to net cash provided by operating activities (including Provision for doubtful accounts, Amortization of deferred financing charges and note discounts, net and Other reconciling items, net)			108.9
Change in assets and liabilities, net of assets acquired and liabilities assumed			779
Net cash provided by operating activities		$	185.6

The maximum ratio under this financial covenant is currently set at 9.00:1 and reduces to 8.75:1 for the four quarters ended December 31, 2014. At September 30, 2014, the ratio was 6.4:1.

In addition, the senior secured credit facilities include negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things:

 

•

incur additional indebtedness;

 

•

create liens on assets;

 

•

engage in mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions;

 

•

sell assets;

 

•

pay dividends and distributions or repurchase our capital stock;

 

•

make investments, loans, or advances;

 

•

prepay certain junior indebtedness;

 

•

engage in certain transactions with affiliates;

 

•

amend material agreements governing certain junior indebtedness; and

 

•

change lines of business.

The senior secured credit facilities include certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to certain indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy, certain events under ERISA, material judgments, the invalidity of material provisions of the senior secured credit facilities documentation, the failure of collateral under the security documents for the senior secured credit facilities, the failure of the senior secured credit facilities to be senior debt under the subordination provisions of certain of our subordinated debt and a change of control. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of all amounts due under the senior secured credit facilities and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.

 

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Receivables Based Credit Facility

As of September 30, 2014, there were no borrowings outstanding under our receivables based credit facility.

The receivables based credit facility provides revolving credit commitments of $535.0 million, subject to a borrowing base. The borrowing base at any time equals 90% of the eligible accounts receivable of ours and certain of our subsidiaries. The receivables based credit facility includes a letter of credit sub-facility and a swingline loan sub-facility.

We and certain subsidiary borrowers are the borrowers under the receivables based credit facility. We have the ability to designate one or more of our restricted subsidiaries as borrowers under the receivables based credit facility. The receivables based credit facility loans and letters of credit are available in a variety of currencies including U.S. dollars, Euros, Pound Sterling, and Canadian dollars.

Interest Rate and Fees

Borrowings under the receivables based credit facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin plus, at our option, either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (a) the prime rate of Citibank, N.A. and (b) the Federal Funds rate plus 0.50% or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to the rate (adjusted for statutory reserve requirements for Eurocurrency liabilities) for Eurodollar deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing. The initial applicable margin for borrowings under the receivables based credit facility is 1.75% with respect to Eurocurrency borrowings and 0.75% with respect to base-rate borrowings. The applicable margin for borrowings under the receivables based credit facility ranges from 1.50% to 2.00% for Eurocurrency borrowings and from 0.50% to 1.00% for base-rate borrowings, depending on average daily excess availability under the receivables based credit facility during the prior fiscal quarter.

In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the receivables based credit facility, we are required to pay a commitment fee to the lenders under the receivables based credit facility in respect of the unutilized commitments thereunder. The commitment fee rate ranges from 0.25% to 0.375% per annum dependent upon average unused commitments during the prior quarter. We must also pay customary letter of credit fees.

Maturity

Borrowings under the receivables based credit facility will mature, and lending commitments thereunder will terminate, on the fifth anniversary of the effectiveness of the receivables based credit facility (December 24, 2017), provided that, (a) the maturity date will be October 31, 2015 if on October 30, 2015, greater than $500.0 million in aggregate principal amount is owing under certain of our Term Loan credit facilities, (b) the maturity date will be May 3, 2016 if on May 2, 2016 greater than $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 and 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016 are outstanding and (c) in the case of any debt under clauses (a) and (b) that is amended or refinanced in any manner that extends the maturity date of such debt to a date that is on or before the date that is five years after the effectiveness of the receivables based credit facility, the maturity date will be one day prior to the maturity date of such debt after giving effect to such amendment or refinancing if greater than $500,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of such debt is outstanding.

Prepayments

If at any time the sum of the outstanding amounts under the receivables based credit facility exceeds the lesser of (i) the borrowing base and (ii) the aggregate commitments under the facility, we will be required to repay outstanding loans and cash collateralize letters of credit in an aggregate amount equal to such excess. We may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under the receivables based credit facility at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency rate loans. Any voluntary prepayments we make will not reduce our commitments under the receivables based credit facility.

Guarantees and Security

The facility is guaranteed by, subject to certain exceptions, the guarantors of our senior secured credit facilities. All obligations under the receivables based credit facility, and the guarantees of those obligations, are secured by a perfected security interest in all of our and all of the guarantors’ accounts receivable and related assets and proceeds thereof that is senior to the security interest of our senior secured credit facilities in such accounts receivable and related assets and proceeds thereof, subject to permitted liens, including prior liens permitted by the indenture governing certain of our senior notes (the “legacy notes”), and certain exceptions.

 

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Certain Covenants and Events of Default

If borrowing availability is less than the greater of (a) $50.0 million and (b) 10% of the aggregate commitments under the receivables based credit facility, in each case, for five consecutive business days (a “Liquidity Event”), we will be required to comply with a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.00 to 1.00 for fiscal quarters ending on or after the occurrence of the Liquidity Event, and will be continued to comply with this minimum fixed charge coverage ratio until borrowing availability exceeds the greater of (x) $50.0 million and (y) 10% of the aggregate commitments under the receivables based credit facility, in each case, for 30 consecutive calendar days, at which time the Liquidity Event shall no longer be deemed to be occurring. In addition, the receivables based credit facility includes negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things:

 

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incur additional indebtedness;

 

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create liens on assets;

 

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engage in mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions;

 

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sell assets;

 

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pay dividends and distributions or repurchase capital stock;

 

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make investments, loans, or advances;

 

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prepay certain junior indebtedness;

 

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engage in certain transactions with affiliates;

 

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amend material agreements governing certain junior indebtedness; and

 

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change lines of business.

The receivables based credit facility includes certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to certain indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy, certain events under ERISA, material judgments and a change of control. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the receivables based credit facility will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of all amounts due under our receivables based credit facility and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.

Priority Guarantee Notes Due 2022

On September 10, 2014, we issued at par $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022. On September 29, 2014, we issued an additional $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of 9.0% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022 at an issue price of 101% of the principal amount of the notes plus accrued interest from September 10, 2014. The Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022 mature on September 15, 2022 and bear interest at a rate of 9.0% per annum, payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on March 15, 2015. The Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022 are the senior secured obligations of the Company and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior basis by the guarantors named in the indenture governing such notes. We used the net proceeds from the issuance to prepay Term Loans due 2016.

9% Priority Guarantee Notes Due 2019

As of September 30, 2014, we had outstanding $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2019 (the “Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019”).

            The Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 mature on December 15, 2019 and bear interest at a rate of 9.0% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, which began on June 15, 2013. The Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 are our senior obligations and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior basis by the guarantors named in the indenture. The Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 and the guarantors’ obligations under the guarantees are secured by (i) a lien on (a) our capital stock and (b) certain property and related assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing certain legacy notes of ours), in each case equal in priority to the liens securing the obligations under our senior secured credit facilities and our priority guarantee notes due 2021, subject to certain exceptions, and (ii) a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing our receivables based credit facility junior in priority to the lien securing our obligations thereunder, subject to certain exceptions. In addition to the collateral granted to secure the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019, the collateral agent and the trustee for the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 entered into an agreement with the administrative agent for the lenders under the senior secured credit facilities to turn over to the trustee under the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019, for the benefit of the holders of the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019, a pro rata share of any recovery received on account of the principal properties, subject to certain terms and conditions.

 

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We may redeem the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 at our option, in whole or part, at any time prior to July 15, 2015, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and plus an applicable premium. We may redeem the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019, in whole or in part, on or after July 15, 2015, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. Prior to July 15, 2015, we may elect to redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 at a redemption price equal to 109.0% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the net proceeds of one or more equity offerings.

The indenture governing the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 contains covenants that limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions or investments; (ii) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (iii) modify any of our existing senior notes; (iv) transfer or sell assets; (v) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; (vi) create restrictions on dividends or other payments by the restricted subsidiaries; and (vii) merge, consolidate or sell substantially all of our assets. The indenture contains covenants that limit our ability, iHeartMedia Capital I, LLC’s ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) create liens on assets and (ii) materially impair the value of the security interests taken with respect to the collateral for the benefit of the notes collateral agent and the holders of the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019. The indenture also provides for customary events of default.

9% Priority Guarantee Notes Due 2021

As of September 30, 2014, we had outstanding $1.75 billion aggregate principal amount of 9.0% priority guarantee notes due 2021 (the “Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021”).

The Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 mature on March 1, 2021 and bear interest at a rate of 9.0% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, which began on September 1, 2011. The Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 are our senior obligations and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior basis by the guarantors named in the indenture. The Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 and the guarantors’ obligations under the guarantees are secured by (i) a lien on (a) our capital stock and (b) certain property and related assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing certain legacy notes of ours), in each case equal in priority to the liens securing the obligations under our senior secured credit facilities and the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019, subject to certain exceptions, and (ii) a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing our receivables based credit facility junior in priority to the lien securing our obligations thereunder, subject to certain exceptions.

We may redeem the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 at our option, in whole or part, at any time prior to March 1, 2016, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and plus an applicable premium. We may redeem the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021, in whole or in part, on or after March 1, 2016, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. At any time on or before March 1, 2014, we may elect to redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 at a redemption price equal to 109.0% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the net proceeds of one or more equity offerings.

The indenture governing the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 contains covenants that limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions or investments; (ii) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (iii) modify any of our existing senior notes; (iv) transfer or sell assets; (v) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; (vi) create restrictions on dividends or other payments by the restricted subsidiaries; and (vii) merge, consolidate or sell substantially all of our assets. The indenture contains covenants that limit our ability, iHeartMedia Capital I, LLC’s ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) create liens on assets and (ii) materially impair the value of the security interests taken with respect to the collateral for the benefit of the notes collateral agent and the holders of the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021. The indenture also provides for customary events of default.

11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes Due 2021

As of September 30, 2014, we had outstanding $575.0 million aggregate principal amount of 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 (the “11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes”).

The 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes mature on March 1, 2021 and bear interest at a rate of 11.25% per annum, payable semi-annually on March 1 and September 1 of each year, which began on September 1, 2013. The 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes are our senior obligations and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior basis by the guarantors named in the indenture governing such notes. The 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes and the guarantors’ obligations under the guarantees are secured by (i) a lien on (a) our capital stock and (b) certain property and related assets that do not constitute “principal property” (as defined in the indenture governing the legacy notes of ours), in each case equal in priority to the liens securing the obligations under our senior secured credit facilities, our Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 and our Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019, subject to certain exceptions, and (ii) a lien on the accounts receivable and related assets securing our receivables based credit facility junior in priority to the lien securing our obligations thereunder, subject to certain exceptions.

 

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We may redeem the 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes at our option, in whole or part, at any time prior to March 1, 2016, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and plus an applicable premium. In addition, until March 1, 2016, we may elect to redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes at a redemption price equal to 111.25% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the net proceeds of one or more equity offerings. We may redeem the 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes, in whole or in part, on or after March 1, 2016, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.

The indenture governing the 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes contains covenants that limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions or investments; (ii) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (iii) transfer or sell assets; (iv) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; (v) create restrictions on dividends or other payments by the restricted subsidiaries; and (vi) merge, consolidate or sell substantially all of our assets. The indenture contains covenants that limit our ability, iHeartMedia Capital I, LLC’s ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) create liens on assets and (ii) materially impair the value of the security interests taken with respect to the collateral for the benefit of the notes collateral agent and the holders of the 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes. The indenture also provides for customary events of default.

Subsidiary Senior Revolving Credit Facility Due 2018

During the third quarter of 2013, CCOH entered into a five-year senior secured revolving credit facility with an aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million. The revolving credit facility may be used for working capital, to issue letters of credit and for other general corporate purposes. At September 30, 2014, there were no amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility, and $60.9 million of letters of credit under the revolving credit facility, which reduce availability under the facility.

Senior Notes due 2021

As of September 30, 2014, we had outstanding approximately $1.7 billion of aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 (net of $423.4 million principal amount issued to, and held by, CC Finco). On August 22, 2014, we issued and sold $222.2 million in aggregate principal amount of new senior notes due 2021 to CC Finco in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The new senior notes due 2021 were issued as additional notes under the indenture governing our existing senior notes due 2021. On August 22, 2014, we redeemed all of the outstanding $94.3 million aggregate principal amount of senior cash pay notes due 2016 and $127.9 million aggregate principal amount of senior toggle notes due 2016 using proceeds of the issuance of the new senior notes due 2021.

On February 14, 2014, CC Finco sold $227.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 issued by us to private purchasers in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. This $227.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021, which was previously eliminated in consolidation because the notes were held by a subsidiary, is now reflected on our consolidated balance sheet. CC Finco contributed the net proceeds from the sale of the Senior Notes due 2021 to us. We intend to use such proceeds to repay, repurchase or otherwise acquire outstanding indebtedness from time to time and retire that indebtedness as it becomes due or upon its earlier repayment, repurchase or acquisition.

During the second quarter of 2013, we completed an exchange offer with certain holders of our senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes pursuant to which we issued $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount (including $421.0 million principal amount issued to, and held by, a subsidiary of ours) of Senior Notes due 2021. In the exchange offer, $348.1 million aggregate principal amount of senior cash pay notes was exchanged for $348.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes due 2021, and $917.2 million aggregate principal amount of senior toggle notes was exchanged for $853.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 and $64.2 million of cash, plus, in each case, cash in an amount equal to accrued and unpaid interest from the last interest payment date applicable on the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes to, but not including, the closing date of the exchange offer. The Senior Notes due 2021 mature on February 1, 2021. Interest on the Senior Notes due 2021 is payable semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 of each year, which began on August 1, 2013. Interest on the Senior Notes due 2021 will be paid at the rate of (i) 12.0% per annum in cash and (ii) 2.0% per annum through the issuance of payment-in-kind notes (the “PIK Notes”). Any PIK Notes issued in certificated form will be dated as of the applicable interest payment date and will bear interest from and after such date. All PIK Notes issued will mature on February 1, 2021 and have the same rights and benefits as the Senior Notes due 2021. The Senior Notes due 2021 are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior basis by the guarantors named in the indenture governing such notes. The guarantee is structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of any subsidiary of the applicable subsidiary guarantor that is not also a guarantor of the Senior Notes due 2021. The guarantees are subordinated to the guarantees of our senior secured credit facility and certain other permitted debt, but rank equal to all other senior indebtedness of the guarantors.

During the fourth quarter of 2013, we completed an additional exchange offer with certain remaining holders of the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes pursuant to which we issued $622.5 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021. In the exchange offer, $353.8 million aggregate principal amount of senior cash pay notes was exchanged for $389.2 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 and $14.2 million in cash, and $212.1 million aggregate principal amount of senior toggle notes was exchanged for $233.3 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 and $8.5 million in cash, plus, in each case, cash in an amount equal to accrued and unpaid interest on the senior cash pay notes and senior toggle notes was netted against cash due for accrued interest on the Senior Notes due 2021 since the previous interest payment date.

 

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We may redeem or purchase the Senior Notes due 2021 at our option, in whole or in part, at any time prior to August 1, 2015, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 redeemed plus an applicable premium. In addition, until August 1, 2015, we may, at our option, on one or more occasions, redeem up to 60% of the then outstanding aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 at a redemption price equal to (x) with respect to the first 30% of the then outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes due 2021, 109.0% of the aggregate principal amount thereof and (y) with respect to the next 30% of the then outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes due 2021, 112.0% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, in each case plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the applicable redemption date. We may redeem the Senior Notes due 2021, in whole or in part, on or after August 1, 2015, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.

The indenture governing the Senior Notes due 2021 contains covenants that limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred stock; (ii) pay dividends on, or make distributions in respect of, their capital stock or repurchase their capital stock; (iii) make certain investments or other restricted payments; (iv) sell certain assets; (v) create liens or use assets as security in other transactions; (vi) merge, consolidate or transfer or dispose of substantially all of their assets; (vii) engage in transactions with affiliates; and (viii) designate their subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries.

Senior Notes due 2018

As of September 30, 2014, we had $850.0 million of aggregate principal amount of senior notes due 2018. The senior notes due 2018 are senior, unsecured obligations that are effectively subordinated to our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of our assets securing such indebtedness and are not guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries and, as a result, are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The senior notes due 2018 rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior indebtedness and senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness.

Legacy Notes

As of September 30, 2014, we had outstanding approximately $725.0 million aggregate principal amount of legacy notes.

The legacy notes were our obligations prior to the merger by which Parent acquired us. The legacy notes are senior, unsecured obligations that are effectively subordinated to our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of our assets securing such indebtedness and are not guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries and, as a result, are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The legacy notes rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior indebtedness and senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness.

CCWH Senior Notes

As of September 30, 2014, CCWH senior notes represented $2.7 billion aggregate principal amount of indebtedness outstanding, which consisted of $735.7 million aggregate principal amount of Series A Senior Notes due 2022 (the “Series A CCWH Senior Notes”) and $1,989.3 million aggregate principal amount of Series B CCWH Senior Notes due 2022 (the “Series B CCWH Senior Notes”). The CCWH Senior Notes are guaranteed by CCOH, Clear Channel Outdoor, Inc. (“CCOI”) and certain of CCOH’s direct and indirect subsidiaries. The proceeds from the issuance of the CCWH Senior Notes were used to fund the repurchase of the Existing CCWH Senior Notes.

We capitalized $30.0 million in fees and expenses associated with the CCWH Senior Notes offering and an original issue discount of $7.4 million. We are amortizing the capitalized fees and discount through interest expense over the life of the CCWH Senior Notes.

The CCWH Senior Notes are senior obligations that rank pari passu in right of payment to all unsubordinated indebtedness of CCWH and the guarantees of the CCWH Senior Notes rank pari passu in right of payment to all unsubordinated indebtedness of the guarantors. Interest on the CCWH Senior Notes is payable to the trustee weekly in arrears and to the noteholders on May 15 and November 15 of each year, which began on May 15, 2013.

At any time prior to November 15, 2017, CCWH may redeem the CCWH Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the CCWH Senior Notes plus a “make-whole” premium, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. CCWH may redeem the CCWH Senior Notes, in whole or in part, on or after November 15, 2017, at the redemption prices set forth in the applicable indenture governing the CCWH Senior Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. At any time on or before November 15, 2015, CCWH may elect to redeem up to 40% of the then outstanding aggregate principal amount of the CCWH Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 106.500% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the net proceeds of one or more equity offerings, subject to certain restrictions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither CCOH nor any of its subsidiaries is permitted to make any purchase of, or otherwise effectively cancel or retire any Series A CCWH Senior Notes or Series B CCWH Senior Notes if, after giving effect thereto and, if applicable, any concurrent purchase of or other addition with respect to any Series B CCWH Senior Notes or Series A CCWH Senior Notes, as applicable, the ratio of (a) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series A CCWH Senior Notes to (b) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series B CCWH Senior Notes shall be greater than 0.25, subject to certain exceptions.

 

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The indenture governing the Series A CCWH Senior Notes contains covenants that limit CCOH and its restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things

 

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incur or guarantee additional debt to persons other than us and our subsidiaries (other than CCOH) or issue certain preferred stock;

 

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create liens on its restricted subsidiaries’ assets to secure such debt;

 

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create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to CCOH from its restricted subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the CCWH Senior Notes;

 

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enter into certain transactions with affiliates;

 

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merge or consolidate with another person, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets; and

 

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sell certain assets, including capital stock of its subsidiaries, to persons other than us and our subsidiaries (other than CCOH).

In addition, the indenture governing the Series A CCWH Senior Notes provides that if CCWH (i) makes an optional redemption of the Series B CCWH Senior Notes or purchases or makes an offer to purchase the Series B CCWH Senior Notes at or above 100% of the principal amount thereof, then CCWH shall apply a pro rata amount to make an optional redemption or purchase a pro rata amount of the Series A CCWH Senior Notes or (ii) makes an asset sale offer under the indenture governing the Series B CCWH Senior Notes, then CCWH shall apply a pro rata amount to make an offer to purchase a pro rata amount of Series A CCWH Senior Notes.

The indenture governing the Series A CCWH Senior Notes does not include limitations on dividends, distributions, investments or asset sales.

The indenture governing the Series B CCWH Senior Notes contains covenants that limit CCOH and its restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things:

 

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incur or guarantee additional debt or issue certain preferred stock;

 

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redeem, repurchase or retire CCOH’s subordinated debt;

 

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make certain investments;

 

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create liens on its or its restricted subsidiaries’ assets to secure debt;

 

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create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to it from its restricted subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the CCWH Senior Notes;

 

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enter into certain transactions with affiliates;

 

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merge or consolidate with another person, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets;

 

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sell certain assets, including capital stock of its subsidiaries;

 

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designate its subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries; and

 

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pay dividends, redeem or repurchase capital stock or make other restricted payments.

The Series A CCWH Senior Notes indenture and Series B CCWH Senior Notes indenture restrict CCOH’s ability to incur additional indebtedness but permit CCOH to incur additional indebtedness based on an incurrence test. In order to incur (i) additional indebtedness under this test, CCOH’s debt to adjusted EBITDA ratios (as defined by the indentures) must be lower than 7.0:1 and 5.0:1 for total debt and senior debt, respectively, and (ii) additional indebtedness that is subordinated to the CCWH Senior Notes under this test, CCOH’s debt to adjusted EBITDA ratios (as defined by the indentures) must not be lower than 7.0:1 for total debt. The indentures contain certain other exceptions that allow CCOH to incur additional indebtedness. The Series B CCWH Senior Notes indenture also permits CCOH to pay dividends from the proceeds of indebtedness or the proceeds from asset sales if its debt to adjusted EBITDA ratios (as defined by the indentures) are lower than 7.0:1 and 5.0:1 for total debt and senior debt, respectively. The Series A CCWH Senior Notes indenture does not limit CCOH’s ability to pay dividends. The Series B CCWH Senior Notes indenture contains certain exceptions that allow CCOH to pay dividends, including (i) $525.0 million of dividends made pursuant to general restricted payment baskets and (ii) dividends made using proceeds received upon a demand by CCOH of amounts outstanding under the revolving promissory note issued by us to CCOH.

 

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CCWH Senior Subordinated Notes

As of September 30, 2014, CCWH Subordinated Notes represented $2.2 billion of aggregate principal amount of indebtedness outstanding, which consist of $275.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.625% Series A Senior Subordinated Notes due 2020 (the “Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes”) and $1,925.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.625% Series B Senior Subordinated Notes due 2020 (the “Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes”). Interest on the CCWH Subordinated Notes is payable to the trustee weekly in arrears and to the noteholders on March 15 and September 15 of each year, which began on September 15, 2012.

The CCWH Subordinated Notes are CCWH’s senior subordinated obligations and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior subordinated basis by CCOH, CCOI and certain of CCOH’s other domestic subsidiaries. The CCWH Subordinated Notes are unsecured senior subordinated obligations that rank junior to all of CCWH’s existing and future senior debt, including the CCWH Senior Notes, equally with any of CCWH’s existing and future senior subordinated debt and ahead of all of CCWH’s existing and future debt that expressly provides that it is subordinated to the CCWH Subordinated Notes. The guarantees of the CCWH Subordinated Notes rank junior to each guarantor’s existing and future senior debt, including the CCWH Senior Notes, equally with each guarantor’s existing and future senior subordinated debt and ahead of each guarantor’s existing and future debt that expressly provides that it is subordinated to the guarantees of the CCWH Subordinated Notes.

At any time prior to March 15, 2015, CCWH may redeem the CCWH Subordinated Notes, in whole or in part, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the CCWH Subordinated Notes plus a “make-whole” premium, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. CCWH may redeem the CCWH Subordinated Notes, in whole or in part, on or after March 15, 2015, at the redemption prices set forth in the applicable indenture governing the CCWH Subordinated Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. At any time on or before March 15, 2015, CCWH may elect to redeem up to 40% of the then outstanding aggregate principal amount of the CCWH Subordinated Notes at a redemption price equal to 107.625% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the net proceeds of one or more equity offerings, subject to certain restrictions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither CCOH nor any of its subsidiaries is permitted to make any purchase of, or otherwise effectively cancel or retire any Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes or Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes if, after giving effect thereto and, if applicable, any concurrent purchase of or other addition with respect to any Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes or Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes, as applicable, the ratio of (a) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes to (b) the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes shall be greater than 0.25, subject to certain exceptions.

We capitalized $40.0 million in fees and expenses associated with the CCWH Subordinated Notes offering and are amortizing them through interest expense over the life of the CCWH Subordinated Notes.

The indenture governing the Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes contains covenants that limit CCOH and its restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things:

 

•

incur or guarantee additional debt to persons other than us and our subsidiaries (other than CCOH) or issue certain preferred stock;

 

•

create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to CCOH from its restricted subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the notes;

 

•

enter into certain transactions with affiliates;

 

•

merge or consolidate with another person, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of CCOH’s assets; and

 

•

sell certain assets, including capital stock of CCOH’s subsidiaries, to persons other than us and our subsidiaries (other than CCOH).

In addition, the indenture governing the Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes provides that if CCWH (i) makes an optional redemption of the Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes or purchases or makes an offer to purchase the Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes at or above 100% of the principal amount thereof, then CCWH shall apply a pro rata amount to make an optional redemption or purchase a pro rata amount of the Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes or (ii) makes an asset sale offer under the indenture governing the Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes, then CCWH shall apply a pro rata amount to make an offer to purchase a pro rata amount of Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes.

The indenture governing the Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes does not include limitations on dividends, distributions, investments or asset sales.

The indenture governing the Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes contains covenants that limit CCOH and its restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things:

 

•

incur or guarantee additional debt or issue certain preferred stock;

 

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•

make certain investments;

 

•

create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to CCOH from its restricted subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the notes;

 

•

enter into certain transactions with affiliates;

 

•

merge or consolidate with another person, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of CCOH’s assets;

 

•

sell certain assets, including capital stock of CCOH’s subsidiaries;

 

•

designate CCOH’s subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries; and

 

•

pay dividends, redeem or repurchase capital stock or make other restricted payments.

The Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes indenture and Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes indenture restrict CCOH’s ability to incur additional indebtedness but permit CCOH to incur additional indebtedness based on an incurrence test. In order to incur additional indebtedness under this test, CCOH’s debt to adjusted EBITDA ratios (as defined by the indentures) must be lower than 7.0:1. The indentures contain certain other exceptions that allow CCOH to incur additional indebtedness. The Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes indenture also permits CCOH to pay dividends from the proceeds of indebtedness or the proceeds from asset sales if its debt to adjusted EBITDA ratios (as defined by the indentures) is lower than 7.0:1. The Series A CCWH Senior Subordinated Notes indenture does not limit CCOH’s ability to pay dividends. The Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes indenture contains certain exceptions that allow CCOH to pay dividends, including (i) $525.0 million of dividends made pursuant to general restricted payment baskets and (ii) dividends made using proceeds received upon a demand by CCOH of amounts outstanding under the revolving promissory note issued by us to CCOH.

With the proceeds of the CCWH Subordinated Notes (net of the initial purchasers’ discount of $33.0 million), CCWH loaned an aggregate amount equal to $2,167.0 million to CCOI. CCOI paid all other fees and expenses of the offering using cash on hand and, with the proceeds of the loans, made a special cash dividend to CCOH, which in turn made a special cash dividend on March 15, 2012 in an amount equal to $6.0832 per share to its Class A and Class B stockholders of record at the close of business on March 12, 2012, including Clear Channel Holdings, Inc. (“CC Holdings”) and CC Finco, both wholly-owned subsidiaries of ours. Of the $2,170.4 million special cash dividend paid by CCOH, an aggregate of $1,925.7 million was distributed to CC Holdings and CC Finco, with the remaining $244.7 million distributed to other stockholders. As a result, we recorded a reduction of $244.7 million in “Noncontrolling interest” on the consolidated balance sheet.

Refinancing Transactions

2011 Refinancing Transactions

In February 2011, we amended our senior secured credit facilities and our receivables based facility and issued the Initial Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021. In June 2011, we issued the Additional Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 at an issue price of 93.845% of the principal amount. The Initial Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 and the Additional Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 have identical terms and are treated as a single class.

We capitalized $39.5 million in fees and expenses associated with the Initial Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 offering and are amortizing them through interest expense over the life of the Initial Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021. We capitalized an additional $7.1 million in fees and expenses associated with the offering of the Additional Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 and are amortizing them through interest expense over the life of the Additional Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021.

We used the proceeds of the Initial Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 offering to prepay $500.0 million of the indebtedness outstanding under our senior secured credit facilities. The $500.0 million prepayment was allocated on a ratable basis between outstanding Term Loans and revolving credit commitments under our revolving credit facility.

We obtained, concurrent with the offering of the Initial Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021, amendments to our credit agreements with respect to our senior secured credit facilities and our receivables based facility (revolving credit commitments under the receivables based facility were reduced from $783.5 million to $625.0 million), which were required as a condition to complete the offering. The amendments, among other things, permit us to request future extensions of the maturities of our senior secured credit facilities, provide us with greater flexibility in the use of our accordion capacity, provide us with greater flexibility to incur new debt, provided that the proceeds from such new debt are used to pay down senior secured credit facility indebtedness, and provide greater flexibility for CCOH and its subsidiaries to incur new debt, provided that the net proceeds distributed to us from the issuance of such new debt are used to pay down senior secured credit facility indebtedness.

Of the $703.8 million of proceeds from the issuance of the Additional Priority Guarantee Notes due 2021 ($750.0 million aggregate principal amount net of $46.2 million of discount), we used $500.0 million for general corporate purposes (to replenish cash on hand that was previously used to pay senior notes at maturity on March 15, 2011 and May 15, 2011) and used the remaining $203.8 million to repay at maturity a portion of our 5% senior notes that matured in March 2012.

 

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2012 Refinancing Transactions

In March 2012, CCWH issued $275.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Series A CCWH Subordinated Notes and $1,925.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Series B CCWH Subordinated Notes and in connection therewith, CCOH distributed a dividend of $6.0832 per share to its stockholders of record. Using the CCOH dividend proceeds distributed to our wholly-owned subsidiaries, together with cash on hand, we repaid $2,096.2 million of indebtedness under our senior secured credit facilities.

In November 2012, CCWH issued $735.7 million aggregate principal amount of the Series A CCWH Senior Notes, which were issued at an issue price of 99.0% of par, and $1,989.3 million aggregate principal amount of the Series B CCWH Senior Notes, which were issued at par. CCWH used the net proceeds from the offering of the CCWH Senior Notes, together with cash on hand, to fund the tender offer for and redemption of the Existing CCWH Senior Notes.

During December 2012, we exchanged $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of Term Loans under our senior secured credit facilities for a like principal amount of newly issued Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019. The exchange offer, which was offered to eligible existing lenders under our senior secured credit facilities, was exempt from registration under the Securities Act. We capitalized $11.9 million in fees and expenses associated with the offering and are amortizing them through interest expense over the life of the notes.

2013 Refinancing Transactions

In February 2013, we issued $575.0 million aggregate principal amount of the outstanding 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes and used the net proceeds of such notes, together with the proceeds of borrowings under our receivables based credit facility and cash on hand, to prepay all $846.9 million of loans outstanding under our Term Loan A and to pay related fees and expenses.

During June 2013, we amended our senior secured credit facility by extending a portion of Term Loan B and Term Loan C loans due 2016 through the creation of a new $5.0 billion Term Loan D due January 30, 2019. The amendment also permitted us to make applicable high yield discount obligation catch-up payments beginning in May 2018 with respect to the new Term Loan D and any notes issued in connection with our exchange of our outstanding 10.75% senior cash pay notes due 2016 and 11.00%/11.75% senior toggle notes due 2016.

During June 2013, we exchanged $348.1 million aggregate principal amount of senior cash pay notes for $348.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes due 2021 and $917.2 million aggregate principal amount of senior toggle notes (including $452.7 million aggregate principal amount held by a subsidiary of ours) for $853.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 (including $421.0 million aggregate principal amount issued to a subsidiary of ours) and $64.2 million of cash (including $31.7 million of cash paid to a subsidiary of ours), pursuant to the exchange offer. In connection with the exchange offer and the senior secured credit facility amendment, both of which were accounted for as modifications of existing debt in accordance with ASC 470-50, we incurred expenses of $17.9 million which are included in “Other income (expenses), net”.

Further, in December 2013, we exchanged an additional $353.8 million aggregate principal amount of senior cash pay notes for $389.2 million aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes due 2021 and $14.2 million of cash as well as an additional $212.1 million aggregate principal amount of senior toggle notes for $233.3 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 and $8.5 million of cash, pursuant to the exchange offer. In connection with the exchange offer, which was accounted for as extinguishment of existing debt in accordance with ASC 470-50, we incurred expenses of $84.0 million, which are included in “Loss on extinguishment of debt”.

In addition, during December 2013, we amended our senior secured credit facility by extending a portion of Term Loan B and Term Loan C loans due 2016 through the creation of a new $1.3 billion Term Loan E due July 30, 2019. In connection with the senior secured credit facility amendment, which was accounted for as modifications of existing debt, we incurred expenses of $5.5 million which are included in “Other income (expenses), net”.

2014 Refinancing Transactions

On February 14, 2014, CC Finco, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of ours, sold $227.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021 issued by us to private purchasers in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. This $227.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2021, which was previously eliminated in consolidation because the notes were held by a subsidiary, is now reflected on our consolidated balance sheet. CC Finco contributed the net proceeds from the sale of the Senior Notes due 2021 to us. We intend to use such proceeds to repay, repurchase or otherwise acquire outstanding indebtedness from time to time and retire that indebtedness as it becomes due or upon its earlier repayment, repurchase or acquisition.

On May 1, 2014, CCU Escrow Corporation issued $850.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2018 in a private offer. On June 6, 2014, CCU Escrow Corporation merged into us and we assumed CCU Escrow Corporation’s obligations under the Senior Notes due 2018. The Senior Notes due 2018 mature on January 15, 2018 and bear interest at a rate of 10.0% per annum, payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 of each year, beginning on July 15, 2014. The Senior Notes due 2018 are our senior unsecured obligations and are not guaranteed by any of our parent companies or any of our subsidiaries.

 

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On August 22, 2014, we issued and sold $222.2 million in aggregate principal amount of new Senior Notes due 2021 to CC Finco in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The new Senior Notes due 2021 were issued as additional notes under the indenture governing our existing Senior Notes due 2021. On August 22, 2014, we redeemed all of the outstanding $94.3 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Cash Pay Notes due 2016 and $127.9 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Toggle Notes due 2016 using proceeds of the issuance of the new Senior Notes due 2021.

On September 10, 2014, we issued and sold $750.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022 and used the net proceeds of such issuance to prepay at par $729.0 million of the loans outstanding under our term loan B facility and $12.1 million of the loans outstanding under our term loan C-asset sale facility, and to pay accrued and unpaid interest with regard to such loans to, but not including, the date of prepayment.

On September 29, 2014, we issued an additional $250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022 and used the proceeds of such issuance to prepay at par $245.9 million of loans outstanding under our term loan B facility and $4.1 million of loans outstanding under our term loan C-asset sale facility, and to pay accrued and unpaid interest with regard to such loans to, but not including, the date of repayment.

Dispositions and Other

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014

We owned a 50% interest in ARN. An impairment charge of $95.4 million was recorded during the fourth quarter of 2013 to write down the investment to its estimated fair value. On February 18, 2014, we sold our 50% interest in ARN recognizing a loss on the sale of $2.4 million and $11.5 million of foreign exchange losses that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income at the date of the sale.

2013

During 2013, our Americas outdoor segment divested certain outdoor advertising assets in Times Square for approximately $18.7 million resulting in a gain of $12.2 million. In addition, our iHM segment exercised a put option that sold five radio stations in the Green Bay market for approximately $17.6 million and recorded a gain of $0.5 million. These net gains are included in “Other operating income, net.”

We sold our shares of Sirius XM Radio, Inc. for $135.5 million and recognized a gain on the sale of securities of $130.9 million. This net gain is included in “Gain on sale of marketable securities.”

2012

During 2012, our International outdoor segment sold its international neon business and its outdoor advertising business in Romania, resulting in an aggregate gain of $39.7 million included in “Other operating income, net.”

2011

During 2011, we divested and exchanged 27 radio stations for approximately $22.7 million and recorded a loss of $0.5 million in “Other operating income, net.”

Uses of Capital

Debt Repurchases, Maturities and Other

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014

During February 2014, we repaid all principal amounts outstanding under our receivables based credit facility, using cash on hand. This voluntary repayment did not reduce the commitments under this facility and we have the ability to redraw amounts under this facility at any time.

During March 2014, CC Finco repurchased, through open market purchases, a total of $61.9 million aggregate principal amount of notes, comprised of $52.9 million of our outstanding 5.5% Senior Notes due 2014 and $9.0 million of our outstanding 4.9% Senior Notes due 2015, for a total purchase price of $63.1 million, including accrued interest. We cancelled these notes subsequent to the purchase.

During May 2014, we retired $130.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.5% Senior Notes due 2014 held by CC Finco.

On June 6, 2014, using the proceeds from the issuance of the 10.0% Senior Notes due 2018, we redeemed $567.1 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.5% Senior Notes due 2014 (including $158.5 million principal amount of the notes held by a subsidiary of ours) and $241.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.9% Senior Notes due 2015.

 

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On August 22, 2014, we redeemed all of the outstanding $94.3 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Cash Pay Notes due 2016 and $127.9 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Toggle Notes due 2016 using proceeds of the issuance of the new Senior Notes due 2021 to CC Finco.

On September 10, 2014, we prepaid at par $729.0 million of the loans outstanding under our term loan B facility and $12.1 million of the loans outstanding under our term loan C-asset sale facility, using the proceeds of the issuance of our existing Priority Guarantee Notes due 2022.

On September 29, 2014, we prepaid at par $245.9 million of the loans outstanding under its Term Loan B facility and $4.1 million of the loans outstanding under its Term Loan C-asset sale facility, using the net proceeds of the 2022 Priority Guarantee Notes issued on such date.

During the period of October 1, 2014 through December 15, 2014, CC Finco repurchased via open market transactions a total of $177.1 million aggregate principal amount of notes, comprised of $57.1 million of iHeart’s outstanding 5.5% Senior Notes due 2016 and $120.0 million of iHeart’s outstanding 10.0% Senior Notes due 2018, for a total purchase price of $159.3 million, including interest. The notes repurchased by CC Finco were not cancelled and remain outstanding.

2013

During August 2013, we made a $25.3 million scheduled applicable high-yield discount obligation payment to the holders of the senior toggle notes.

During February 2013, using the proceeds from the issuance of the 11.25% Priority Guarantee Notes along with borrowings under the receivables based credit facility of $269.5 million and cash on hand, we prepaid all $846.9 million outstanding under our Term Loan A under our senior secured credit facilities. We recorded a loss of $3.9 million in “Loss on extinguishment of debt” related to the accelerated expensing of loan fees.

During January 2013, we repaid our 5.75% senior notes at maturity for $312.1 million (net of $187.9 million principal amount repaid to a subsidiary of ours with respect to notes repurchased and held by such entity), plus accrued interest, using cash on hand.

2012

During November 2012, CCWH repurchased $1,724.7 million aggregate principal amount of the Existing CCWH Senior Notes in a tender offer for the Existing CCWH Senior Notes. Simultaneously with the early settlement of the tender offer, CCWH called for redemption all of the remaining $775.3 million aggregate principal amount of Existing CCWH Senior Notes that were not purchased on the early settlement date of the tender offer. In connection with the redemption, CCWH satisfied and discharged its obligations under the Existing CCWH Senior Notes indentures by depositing with the trustee sufficient funds to pay the redemption price, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the remaining outstanding Existing CCWH Senior Notes to, but not including, the December 19, 2012 redemption date.

During October 2012, we consummated a private exchange offer of $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of Term Loans under our senior secured credit facilities for a like principal amount of newly issued Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019. The exchange offer was available only to eligible lenders under the senior secured credit facilities, and the Priority Guarantee Notes due 2019 were offered only in reliance on exemptions from registration under the Securities Act.

In connection with the issuance of the CCWH Subordinated Notes, CCOH paid the $2,170.4 million CCOH dividend on March 15, 2012 to its Class A and Class B stockholders, consisting of $1,925.7 million distributed to CC Holdings and CC Finco and $244.7 million distributed to other stockholders. In connection with the Subordinated Notes issuance and CCOH dividend, we repaid indebtedness under our senior secured credit facilities in an amount equal to the aggregate amount of dividend proceeds distributed to CC Holdings and CC Finco, or $1,925.7 million. Of this amount, a prepayment of $1,918.1 million was applied to indebtedness outstanding under our revolving credit facility, thus permanently reducing the revolving credit commitments under our revolving credit facility to $10.0 million. During the fourth quarter of 2012, the revolving credit facility was permanently paid off and terminated using available cash on hand. The remaining $7.6 million prepayment was allocated on a pro rata basis to our Term Loan facilities.

In addition, on March 15, 2012, using cash on hand, we made voluntary prepayments under our senior secured credit facilities in an aggregate amount equal to $170.5 million, as follows: (i) $16.2 million under our Term Loan A due 2014, (ii) $129.8 million under our Term Loan B due 2016, (iii) $10.0 million under our Term Loan C due 2016 and (iv) $14.5 million under our delayed draw Term Loans due 2016. In connection with the prepayments on our senior secured credit facilities, we recorded a loss of $15.2 million in “Loss on extinguishment of debt” related to the accelerated expensing of loan fees.

During March 2012, we repaid our 5.0% senior notes at maturity for $249.9 million (net of $50.1 million principal amount repaid to a subsidiary of ours with respect to notes repurchased and held by such entity), plus accrued interest, using a portion of the proceeds from the June 2011 offering of the Additional Notes, along with cash on hand.

 

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2011

During 2011, CC Finco repurchased certain of our outstanding senior notes through open market repurchases as shown in the table below. Notes repurchased and held by CC Finco are eliminated in consolidation.

 

(In thousands)		Year Ended December 31, 2011
CC Finco, LLC
Principal amount of debt repurchased		$	80,000
Purchase accounting adjustments(1)			(20,476)
Gain recorded in “Loss on extinguishment of debt”(2)			(4,274)
Cash paid for repurchases of long-term debt		$	55,250

 

(1)	Represents unamortized fair value purchase accounting discounts recorded as a result of the merger.

 

(2)	CC Finco repurchased certain of our senior notes at a discount, resulting in a gain on the extinguishment of debt.

During 2011, we repaid our 6.25% senior notes at maturity for $692.7 million (net of $57.3 million principal amount repaid to a subsidiary of ours with respect to notes repurchased and held by such entity), plus accrued interest, using a portion of the proceeds from the February 2011 offering of the Initial Notes, along with available cash on hand. We also repaid our 4.4% senior notes at maturity for $140.2 million (net of $109.8 million principal amount repaid to a subsidiary of ours with respect to notes repurchased and held by such entity), plus accrued interest, with available cash on hand. Prior to, and in connection with the June 2011 offering, we repaid all amounts outstanding under our receivables based credit facility on June 8, 2011, using cash on hand. This voluntary repayment did not reduce the commitments under this facility and we may reborrow amounts under this facility at any time. In addition, on June 27, 2011, we made a voluntary payment of $500.0 million on our revolving credit facility. Furthermore, CC Finco repurchased $80.0 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 5.5% senior notes due 2014 for $57.1 million, including accrued interest, through an open market purchase.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

 

(In millions)		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014				Years Ended December 31,
						2013				2012				2011
iHM		$	30.0			$	75.8			$	65.8			$	50.2
Americas outdoor advertising			48.4				89.0				117.7				122.5
International outdoor advertising			84.2				108.5				150.1				166.0
Corporate and Other			32.4				51.2				56.7				25.3
Total capital expenditures		$	195.0			$	324.5			$	390.3			$	364.0

Our capital expenditures are not of significant size individually and primarily relate to the ongoing deployment of digital displays and recurring maintenance in our Americas outdoor segment as well as new billboard and street furniture contracts and renewals of existing contracts in our International outdoor segment, studio and broadcast equipment at iHM and software at Corporate.

Dividends

We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock since the merger in 2008 and our ability to pay dividends is subject to restrictions should we seek to do so in the future. Our debt financing arrangements include restrictions on our ability to pay dividends as described in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

Acquisitions

During 2012, we completed the acquisition of WOR-AM in New York City for $30.0 million and WFNX in Boston for $14.5 million. These acquisitions resulted in an aggregate increase of $5.3 million to property plant and equipment, $15.2 million to intangible assets and $24.7 million to goodwill, in addition to $0.7 million of assumed liabilities.

During 2011, we completed our traffic acquisition for $24.3 million to add a complementary traffic operation to our existing traffic business. Immediately after closing, the acquired subsidiaries repaid pre-existing, intercompany debt owed in the amount of $95.0 million. During 2011, we also acquired Brouwer & Partners, a street furniture business in Holland, for $12.5 million.

 

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Stock Purchases

On August 9, 2010, we announced that our board of directors approved a stock purchase program under which we or our subsidiaries may purchase up to an aggregate of $100 million of the Class A common stock of Parent and/or the Class A common stock of CCOH. The stock purchase program does not have a fixed expiration date and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at our discretion. During 2011, CC Finco purchased 1,553,971 shares of CCOH’s Class A common stock through open market purchases for approximately $16.4 million. During 2012, CC Finco purchased 111,291 shares of Parent’s Class A common stock for $692,887.

Certain Relationships with the Sponsors

We are party to a management agreement with certain affiliates of the Sponsors and certain other parties pursuant to which such affiliates of the Sponsors will provide management and financial advisory services until 2018. These agreements require management fees to be paid to such affiliates of the Sponsors for such services at a rate not greater than $15.0 million per year, plus reimbursable expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, we recognized management fees and reimbursable expenses of $11.3 million and $11.9 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, we recognized management fees and reimbursable expenses of $15.8 million, $15.9 million and $15.7 million, respectively.

CCOH Dividend

In connection with the cash management arrangements for CCOH, we maintain an intercompany revolving promissory note payable by us to CCOH (the “Note”), which consists of the net activities resulting from day-to-day cash management services provided by us to CCOH. As of September 30, 2014, the balance of the Note was $876 million, all of which is payable on demand. The Note is eliminated in consolidation in our consolidated financial statements.

The Note previously was the subject of litigation. Pursuant to the terms of the settlement of that litigation, CCOH’s board of directors established a committee for the specific purpose of monitoring the Note. That committee has the non-exclusive authority, pursuant to the terms of its charter, to demand payments under the Note under certain specified circumstances tied to the Company’s liquidity or the amount outstanding under the Due from Note as long as CCOH makes a simultaneous dividend equal to the amount so demanded.

On August 11, 2014, in accordance with the terms of its charter, (i) that committee demanded repayment of $175 million outstanding under the Note on such date and (ii) CCOH paid a special cash dividend in aggregate amount equal to $175 million to CCOH’s stockholders of record as of August 4, 2014. As the indirect parent of CCOH, we were entitled to approximately 88% of the proceeds from such dividend through our wholly-owned subsidiaries. The remaining approximately 12% of the proceeds from the dividend, or approximately $21 million, was paid to the public stockholders of CCOH and is included in Dividends and other payments to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statement of cash flows. We funded the net payment of this $21 million with cash on hand, which reduced the amount of cash we have available to fund our working capital needs, debt service obligations and other obligations. Following satisfaction of the demand, the balance outstanding under the Note was reduced by $175 million.

Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business and, as required, have accrued our estimate of the probable costs for resolution of those claims for which the occurrence of loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These estimates have been developed in consultation with counsel and are based upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies related to these proceedings. Please refer to “Legal Proceedings” located in the section titled “Business” located elsewhere in this prospectus.

Certain agreements relating to acquisitions provide for purchase price adjustments and other future contingent payments based on the financial performance of the acquired companies generally over a one to five-year period. The aggregate of these contingent payments, if performance targets are met, would not significantly impact our financial position or results of operations.

In addition to our scheduled maturities on our debt, we have future cash obligations under various types of contracts. We lease office space, certain broadcast facilities, equipment and the majority of the land occupied by our outdoor advertising structures under long-term operating leases. Some of our lease agreements contain renewal options and annual rental escalation clauses (generally tied to the consumer price index), as well as provisions for our payment of utilities and maintenance.

We have minimum franchise payments associated with non-cancelable contracts that enable us to display advertising on such media as buses, trains, bus shelters and terminals. The majority of these contracts contain rent provisions that are calculated as the greater of a percentage of the relevant advertising revenue or a specified guaranteed minimum annual payment. Also, we have non-cancelable contracts in our radio broadcasting operations related to program rights and music license fees.

In the normal course of business, our broadcasting operations have minimum future payments associated with employee and talent contracts. These contracts typically contain cancellation provisions that allow us to cancel the contract with good cause.

 

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The scheduled maturities of our senior secured credit facilities, receivables based facility, senior cash pay and senior toggle notes, other long-term debt outstanding, and our future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable lease agreements, minimum payments under other non-cancelable contracts, payments under employment/talent contracts, capital expenditure commitments, priority guarantee notes and other long-term obligations as of December 31, 2013 are as follows:

 

(In thousands)		Payments due by Period
Contractual Obligations		Total				2014				2015-2016				2017-2018				Thereafter
Long-term Debt:
Secured Debt		$	12,818,693			$	22,948			$	1,918,916			$	247,158			$	10,629,671
Senior Cash Pay and Senior Toggle Notes			222,245				—				222,245				—				—
Senior Notes			1,404,202				—				—				—				1,404,202
Legacy Notes			1,436,455				461,455				500,000				175,000				300,000
CCWH Senior Subordinated Notes			2,200,000				—				—				—				2,200,000
CCWH Senior Notes			2,725,000				—				—				—				2,725,000
Other Long-term Debt			10				10				—				—				—
Interest payments on long-term debt(1)			9,683,364				1,558,479				2,975,083				2,827,224				2,322,578
Non-cancelable operating leases			2,926,122				401,390				687,220				492,785				1,344,727
Non-cancelable contracts			2,038,255				533,454				764,079				201,398				539,324
Employment/talent contracts			274,620				84,009				148,993				41,618				—
Capital expenditures			111,751				44,224				41,389				2,606				23,532
Unrecognized tax benefits(2)			142,658				11,643				—				—				131,015
Other long-term obligations(3)			322,534				5,107				72,893				21,428				223,106
Total		$	36,305,909			$	3,122,719			$	7,330,818			$	4,009,217			$	21,843,155

 

(1)	Interest payments on the senior secured credit facilities assume the obligations are repaid in accordance with the amortization schedule as discussed elsewhere in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis and the interest rate is held constant over the remaining term.

 

(2)	The non-current portion of the unrecognized tax benefits is included in the “Thereafter” column as we cannot reasonably estimate the timing or amounts of additional cash payments, if any, at this time.

 

(3)

Other long-term obligations consist of $59.1 million related to asset retirement obligations recorded pursuant to ASC 410-20, which assumes the underlying assets will be removed at some period over the next 50 years. Also included are $48.6 million of contract payments in our syndicated radio and media representation businesses and $214.8 million of various other long-term obligations.

SEASONALITY

Typically, our iHM, Americas outdoor and International outdoor segments experience their lowest financial performance in the first quarter of the calendar year, with International outdoor historically experiencing a loss from operations in that period. Our International outdoor segment typically experiences its strongest performance in the second and fourth quarters of the calendar year. We expect this trend to continue in the future.

MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risks arising from changes in market rates and prices, including movements in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and inflation.

Interest Rate Risk

A significant amount of our long-term debt bears interest at variable rates. Accordingly, our earnings will be affected by changes in interest rates. At September 30, 2014, approximately 35% of our aggregate principal amount of long-term debt bears interest at floating rates. Assuming the current level of borrowings and assuming a 100% change in LIBOR, it is estimated that our interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 would have changed by $11.1 million.

In the event of an adverse change in interest rates, management may take actions to mitigate our exposure. However, due to the uncertainty of the actions that would be taken and their possible effects, the preceding interest rate sensitivity analysis assumes no such actions. Further, the analysis does not consider the effects of the change in the level of overall economic activity that could exist in such an environment.

 

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Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We have operations in countries throughout the world. Foreign operations are measured in their local currencies. As a result, our financial results could be affected by factors such as changes in foreign currency exchange rates or weak economic conditions in the foreign markets in which we have operations. We believe we mitigate a small portion of our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations with a natural hedge through borrowings in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Our foreign operations reported net income of $13.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. We estimate a 10% increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies would have decreased our net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 by $1.3 million. A 10% decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 would have increased our net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 by corresponding amounts.

This analysis does not consider the implications that such currency fluctuations could have on the overall economic activity that could exist in such an environment in the U.S. or the foreign countries or on the results of operations of these foreign entities.

Inflation

Inflation is a factor in the economies in which we do business and we continue to seek ways to mitigate its effect. Inflation has affected our performance in terms of higher costs for wages, salaries and equipment. Although the exact impact of inflation is indeterminable, we believe we have offset these higher costs by increasing the effective advertising rates of most of our broadcasting stations and outdoor display faces in our iHM, Americas outdoor, and International outdoor operations.

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

During the first quarter of 2014, we adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) ASU No. 2013-04, Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date. This update provides guidance for the recognition, measurement and disclosure of obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation within the scope of this guidance is fixed at the reporting date. The amendments are effective for fiscal years (and interim periods within) beginning after December 15, 2013 and are to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented for such obligations that exist at the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year of adoption. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

During the first quarter of 2014, we adopted the FASB’s ASU No. 2013-05, Parent’s Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity of an Investment in a Foreign Entity. The amendments are effective prospectively for the fiscal years (and interim periods within) beginning after December 15, 2013 and provide clarification guidance for the release of the cumulative translation adjustment under current U.S. GAAP. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

During the first quarter of 2014, we adopted the FASB’s ASU No. 2013-11, Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists. This update requires unrecognized tax benefits to be offset against a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, similar tax loss or tax credit carryforward in certain situations. The amendments are effective prospectively for the fiscal years (and interim periods within) beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

During the second quarter of 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This new standard provides guidance for the recognition, measurement and disclosure of revenue resulting from contracts with customers and will supersede virtually all of the current revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The standard is effective for the first interim period within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. We are currently evaluating the impact of the provisions of this new standard on our financial position and results of operations.

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-10, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate (or Overnight Index Swap Rate) as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes. Under the revised guidance, entities are permitted to designate the Fed Funds effective Swap Rate, also referred to as the overnight index swap rate, as a benchmark interest rate. In addition, the ASU removes the restriction on using different benchmark interest rates for similar hedges. The amendments became effective for any qualifying new or designated hedging relationships entered into on or after July 17, 2013. We do not expect the provisions of ASU 2013-10 to have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations.

In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. Under the revised guidance, public and non-public companies are required to present information about reclassification adjustments from accumulated other comprehensive income in their financial statements in a single note or on the face of the financial statements. Public companies are also required to provide this information in their interim statements. The standard is effective prospectively for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods with those years, beginning after December 15, 2012. The provisions of ASU 2013-02 did not have a material effect on our financial statement disclosures.

 

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In January 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. Under the revised guidance, new balance sheet offsetting disclosures are limited to the following financial instruments, to the extent they are offset in the financial statements or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, recognized derivative instruments accounted for under ASC 815, repurchase agreements and reverse purchase agreements, and securities borrowing and securities lending transactions. Entities are required to apply the ASU for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. The provisions of ASU 2013-01 did not have a material effect on our financial statement disclosures.

In October 2012, the FASB issued ASU No. 2012-04, Technical Corrections and Improvements. Under the revised guidance, changes were made to clarify the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”), correct unintended application of guidance, or make minor improvements to the Codification that are not expected to have a significant effect on current accounting practice or create a significant administrative cost to most entities. Additionally, the amendments will make the Codification easier to understand and the fair value measurement guidance easier to apply by eliminating inconsistencies and providing needed clarifications. The guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The provisions of ASU 2012-04 did not have a material effect on our financial statement disclosures.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates that are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The result of these evaluations forms the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the reported amount of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actu