lloy201207266k.htm
 
 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.20549
 
 
FORM 6-K
 
 
Report of Foreign Private Issuer
Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
 
26 July 2012


LLOYDS BANKING GROUP plc

(Translation of registrant's name into English)
 
5th Floor
25 Gresham Street
London
EC2V 7HN
United Kingdom
 
 
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports
under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
 
Form 20-F..X..     Form 40-F.....
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information
contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the
Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 
Yes .....      No ..X..
 
If "Yes" is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule
12g3-2(b): 82- ________
 
 
Index to Exhibits
 
 
Item
 
 
No. 1       Regulatory News Service Announcement, dated 26 July 2012
                re: 2012 Half-Year Results 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 

 


2012 Half-Year Results
News Release

Lloyds Banking Group plc

26 July 2012
 
 
 


BASIS OF PRESENTATION
This report covers the results of Lloyds Banking Group plc (the Company) together with its subsidiaries (the Group) for the half-year ended 30 June 2012.
Statutory basis
Statutory results are set out on pages 146 to 186.  However, a number of factors have had a significant effect on the comparability of the Group’s financial position and results.  As a result, comparison on a statutory basis of the 2012 results with 2011 is of limited benefit.
Management basis
In order to present a more meaningful view of underlying business performance, the results of the Group and divisions are presented on a management basis.  The key principles adopted in the preparation of the management basis of reporting are described below.
· In order to reflect the impact of the acquisition of HBOS, the following adjustments have been made:
 
– the amortisation of purchased intangible assets has been excluded; and
 
– the unwind of acquisition-related fair value adjustments is shown on one line in the management basis income statement, other than unwind related to asset sales which is included within the effects of asset sales, volatile items and liability management.
 
· In order to better present the business performance the effects of liability management, volatile items and asset sales are shown on separate lines in the management basis consolidated income statement and ‘underlying profit’ is profit before taking into account these items and fair value unwind.  Comparatives have been restated accordingly.
 
· The following items, not related to acquisition accounting, have also been excluded from management profit:
 
– volatility arising in insurance businesses;
– integration and Simplification costs;
– EC mandated retail business disposal costs;
                    – payment protection insurance;
– insurance gross up;
– certain past service pensions credits in respect of the Group’s defined benefit pension schemes; and
– provision in relation to German insurance business litigation.
To enable a better understanding of the Group’s core business trends and outlook, certain income statement, balance sheet and regulatory capital information is analysed between core and non-core portfolios.  The non-core portfolios consist of businesses which deliver below-hurdle returns, which are outside the Group’s risk appetite or may be distressed, are subscale or have an unclear value proposition, or have a poor fit with the Group’s customer strategy.  The EC mandated retail business disposal (Project Verde) is included in core portfolios.
 
The Group’s core and non-core activities are not managed separately and the preparation of this information requires management to make estimates and assumptions that impact the reported income statements, balance sheet, regulatory capital related and risk amounts analysed as core and as non-core.  The Group uses a methodology that categorises income and expenses as non-core only where management expect that the income or expense will cease to be earned or incurred when the associated asset or liability is divested or run-off, and allocates operational costs to the core portfolio unless they are directly related to non-core activities.  This results in the reported operating costs for the non-core portfolios being less than would be required to manage these portfolios on a stand-alone basis.  Due to the inherent uncertainty in making estimates, a different methodology or a different estimate of the allocation might result in a different proportion of the Group’s income or expenses being allocated to the core and non-core portfolios, different assets and liabilities being deemed core or non-core and accordingly a different allocation of the regulatory effects.
 
Unless otherwise stated income statement commentaries throughout this document compare the half-year to 30 June 2012 to the half-year to 30 June 2011, and the balance sheet analysis compares the Group balance sheet as at 30 June 2012 to the Group balance sheet as at 31 December 2011.

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This announcement contains forward looking statements with respect to the business, strategy and plans of the Lloyds Banking Group, its current goals and expectations relating to its future financial condition and performance.  Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about the Group or the Group’s management’s beliefs and expectations, are forward looking statements.  By their nature, forward looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will or may occur in the future.  The Group’s actual future business, strategy, plans and/or results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward looking statements as a result of a variety of risks, uncertainties and other factors, including UK domestic and global economic and business conditions; the ability to derive cost savings and other benefits, including as a result of the Group’s Simplification programme; the ability to access sufficient funding to meet the Group’s liquidity needs; changes to the Group’s credit ratings; risks concerning borrower or counterparty credit quality; instability in the global financial markets, including Eurozone instability; changing demographic and market related trends; changes in customer preferences; changes to laws, regulation, accounting standards or taxation, including changes to regulatory capital or liquidity requirements; the policies and actions of governmental or regulatory authorities in the UK, the European Union, or jurisdictions outside the UK, including other European countries and the US; the implementation of the draft EU crisis management framework directive and banking reform following the recommendations made by the Independent Commission on Banking; the ability to attract and retain senior management and other employees; requirements or limitations imposed on the Group as a result of HM Treasury’s investment in the Group; the ability to complete satisfactorily the disposal of certain assets as part of the Group’s EC state aid obligations; the extent of any future impairment charges or write-downs caused by depressed asset valuations, market disruptions and illiquid markets; the effects of competition and the actions of competitors, including non-bank financial services and lending companies; exposure to regulatory scrutiny, legal proceedings, regulatory investigations or complaints, and other factors.  Please refer to the latest Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission for a discussion of certain factors together with examples of forward looking statements.  The forward looking statements contained in this announcement are made as at the date of this announcement, and the Group undertakes no obligation to update any of its forward looking statements.
 
 
 

CONTENTS

 
Page 
Key highlights
2 
Summary of results
3 
Group Chief Executive’s statement
5 
   
Management basis information
10 
Consolidated income statement
11 
Management basis consolidated core and non-core income statements
12 
Summary consolidated balance sheet
13 
Group Finance Director’s review of financial performance
14 
Management basis segmental analysis
26 
Divisional performance
  
Retail
29 
Wholesale
35 
Commercial
43 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
49 
Insurance
61 
Group Operations
69 
Central items
71 
   
Core and non-core business analysis
72 
Quarterly management basis information
81 
   
Additional information on a management basis
84 
Basis of preparation of management basis information
84 
Banking net interest margin
87 
Volatility arising in insurance businesses
88 
Number of employees (full-time equivalent)
89 
   
Risk management
90 
Risk management approach
91 
Principal risks and uncertainties
91 
   
Statutory information
146 
Condensed consolidated half-year financial statements (unaudited)
  
Consolidated income statement
147 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
148 
Consolidated balance sheet
149 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
151 
Consolidated cash flow statement
154 
Notes
155 
   
Statement of directors’ responsibilities
187 
Independent review report
188 
Contacts
189 


 
 
 

LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC 2012 HALF-YEAR RESULTS
 
‘These half-year results show a continuation of what we delivered in the first quarter: significant balance sheet reshaping and another resilient performance against a backdrop of economic challenges and a lack of public confidence in our industry.  We are on track to deliver our strategic aims and we are making significant progress with our financial targets.  We are building a stronger and safer Group: one with a more robust balance sheet, lower exposure to risk and with lower operating costs.  This is enabling us to increase our support to UK households, businesses and communities.

To realise our full potential, we must deal with various issues from the past that continue to affect us.  The mandated branch divestment, Verde, is a legacy issue and I’m pleased that we have come to an agreement with The Co-operative Group plc that will establish them as an effective competitor in the UK banking market.  The deal provides certainty for our shareholders and I also believe that the Co-operative will be a good home for our customers and colleagues.
Mis-sold Payment Protection Insurance policies are an industry legacy issue but by redressing those affected quickly we continue to do the right thing for our customers.  We will tackle issues from the past in a way that will, in the long run, allow us to earn back customer trust and confidence.

Lloyds Banking Group is a very different organisation to our main competitors.  We will continue to demonstrate that in our actions and our words.  We believe there is real competitive advantage in moving faster to become a ring fenced UK retail and commercial bank, and this will be another important step toward providing sustainable returns for our shareholders and support to our customers and communities.  By doing that we will return the bank to profitability and that will ultimately give taxpayers the opportunity to get their money back.’




António Horta-Osório
Group Chief Executive
 
 
 


 
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
 
FURTHER GOOD PROGRESS ON STRATEGIC INITIATIVES AND RISK REDUCTION
 
·  
Balance sheet further strengthened: Group loan to deposit ratio reduced to 126 per cent (core: 103 per cent) and core tier 1 ratio increased to 11.3 per cent; funding position further strengthened, with wholesale funding decreasing by £37 billion in the first half; strong primary liquidity portfolio of £105 billion, covering more than twice our money market exposure of less than one year maturity of £44 billion.
 
·  
Substantial progress in reshaping the business: non-core assets reduced £23 billion to £118 billion, ahead of expectations, and international presence reduced, having now announced disposal or exit from 10 countries.
 
·  
Simplification savings on track: Simplification annual run-rate cost savings increased to £512 million.
 
·  
Continued investment in core growth and new products and services: Group customer deposit growth of 6 per cent and SME net lending growth of 4 per cent year-on-year.
 
·  
Signed heads of terms with The Co-operative Group on Verde.
 
·  
Moody’s short-term rating re-affirmed for Lloyds TSB Bank plc at P-1; long-term rating A2.
 
·  
Management team further strengthened; appointed George Culmer, Andrew Bester and Cathy Turner.

 
RESILIENT UNDERLYING PERFORMANCE GIVEN CHALLENGING ENVIRONMENT
 
·  
Management profit increased 6 per cent to £1,165 million.
 
·  
Group underlying profit increased £715 million to £1,064 million, with fall in income more than offset by cost and impairment charge reductions.
 
·  
Core underlying profit of £2,977 million, down £231 million, with benefit of lower costs and impairments mitigating the effect of lower income.
 
·  
Group return on risk-weighted assets improved to 0.62 per cent from 0.18 per cent in the first half of 2011; core return on risk-weighted assets broadly stable at 2.48 per cent (from 2.50 per cent in the first half of 2011).
 
·  
Group banking net interest margin of 1.93 per cent, down 19 basis points compared to the first half of 2011, mainly reflecting higher wholesale funding costs; resilient core banking net interest margin of 2.32 per cent, down 11 basis points.
 
·  
Group total costs down 6 per cent with increased investment and inflation more than offset by Simplification savings.
 
·  
Group impairment charge reduced 42 per cent, ahead of expectations, with further asset quality improvements, in spite of the difficult environment.
 
·  
Statutory loss before tax of £439 million, including a further provision relating to costs of customer contact and redress on legacy Payment Protection Insurance business of £700 million in the second quarter, following an additional £375 million provision in the first quarter.

 
 
OUTLOOK AND GUIDANCE
 
·  
On track to meet 2012 financial guidance, including for full year banking net interest margin to fall year-on-year by approximately the same amount in 2012 as in 2011.  Assuming current economic trends continue, expect the 2012 impairment charge to be lower than previous guidance.
 
·  
Expect achievement of long-term Group loan to deposit ratio target of 120 per cent by end Q1 2013.
 
·  
Now expect non-core assets to reduce to below £70 billion by the end of 2014; non-core reporting to cease at that time.
 
·  
Increasing clarity on regulatory framework to provide greater certainty to operating environment and recent changes supportive of economic growth; working to accelerate adoption of ring-fence given aligned business model.
 
·  
Believe that we can create competitive advantages through a lower risk premium and best-in-class efficiencies and therefore remain confident that our medium-term financial targets are achievable over time.
 
 
 
 

 
 
SUMMARY OF RESULTS
 

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Management basis (note 1, page 84)
                
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
9,246 
  
11,103 
  
(17)
  
9,943 
Total costs
  
(5,025)
  
(5,332)
  
6 
  
(5,289)
Impairment
  
(3,157)
  
(5,422)
  
42 
  
(4,365)
Underlying profit
  
1,064 
  
349 
      
289 
Management profit
  
1,165 
  
1,104 
  
6 
  
1,581 
                 
Banking net interest margin1
  
1.93% 
  
2.12% 
      
2.01% 
Average interest-earning banking assets
  
£553.2bn 
  
£596.5bn 
  
(7)
  
£574.4bn 
Cost:income ratio2
  
54.3% 
  
48.0% 
      
53.2% 
Impairment as a % of average advances3
  
1.10% 
  
1.77% 
      
1.46% 
Return on risk-weighted assets4
  
0.62% 
  
0.18% 
      
0.16% 
Management basis – core
                
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
8,602 
  
9,704 
  
(11)
  
9,061 
Total costs
  
(4,647)
  
(4,860)
  
4 
  
(4,822)
Impairment
  
(978)
  
(1,636)
  
40 
  
(1,251)
Underlying profit
  
2,977 
  
3,208 
  
(7)
  
2,988 
Management profit
  
2,715 
  
2,866 
  
(5)
  
3,483 
                 
Banking net interest margin1
  
2.32% 
  
2.43% 
      
2.40% 
Average interest-earning banking assets
  
£426.5bn 
  
£445.9bn 
  
(4)
  
£431.6bn 
Cost:income ratio2
  
54.0% 
  
50.1% 
      
53.2% 
Impairment as a % of average advances3
  
0.44% 
  
0.72% 
      
0.56% 
Return on risk-weighted assets4
  
2.48% 
  
2.50% 
      
2.40% 
Statutory results
                
Statutory loss before tax
  
(439)
  
(3,251)
      
(291)
Statutory loss per share
  
(1.0)p 
  
(3.4)p 
      
(0.7)p 

1
The calculation basis for banking net interest margins is set out in note 2 on page 87.
2
Total costs divided by total underlying income net of insurance claims.
3
Impairment on loans and advances to customers divided by average loans and advances to customers, excluding reverse repurchase transactions, gross of allowance for impairment losses.
4
Underlying profit (annualised on day count basis) divided by average risk-weighted assets.


 
 
 

SUMMARY OF RESULTS (continued)

Capital and balance sheet
  
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
% 
             
Statutory
            
Loans and advances to customers1
  
£534.4bn 
  
£565.6bn 
  
(6)
Customer deposits2
  
£423.2bn 
  
£413.9bn 
  
2 
Loans and advances excluding reverse repos
  
£528.6bn 
  
£548.8bn 
  
(4)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
£419.1bn 
  
£405.9bn 
  
3 
Loan to deposit ratio3
  
126% 
  
135% 
    
Funded assets
  
£555.8bn 
  
£587.7bn 
  
(5)
             
Wholesale funding
  
£213.8bn 
  
£251.2bn 
  
(15)
Wholesale funding >1 year maturity
  
£140.5bn 
  
£137.9bn 
  
2 
Wholesale funding <1 year maturity
  
£73.3bn 
  
£113.3bn 
  
(35)
Primary liquid assets
  
£105.0bn 
  
£94.8bn 
  
11 
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
£332.5bn 
  
£352.3bn 
  
(6)
Core tier 1 capital ratio
  
11.3% 
  
10.8% 
    
Net tangible assets per share
  
57.4p 
  
58.6p 
    
Leverage ratio
  
18 times 
  
17 times 
    
             
Core
            
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
£428.5bn 
  
£437.0bn 
  
(2)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
£415.9bn 
  
£401.5bn 
  
4 
Loan to deposit ratio3
  
103% 
  
109% 
    
Risk-weighted assets
  
£239.1bn 
  
£243.5bn 
  
(2)
             
Non-core
            
Total non-core assets
  
£117.5bn 
  
£140.7bn 
  
(16)
Risk-weighted assets
  
£93.4bn 
  
£108.8bn 
  
(14)

1
Includes reverse repos of £5.8 billion (31 December 2011: £16.8 billion).
2
Includes repos of £4.1 billion (31 December 2011: £8.0 billion).
3
Loans and advances to customers (excluding reverse repos) divided by customer deposits (excluding repos).

 
 
 

GROUP CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S STATEMENT

In the first half of the year, we delivered a resilient underlying performance in a challenging environment, with higher Group underlying profits and returns, and continued to make good progress on our strategy to be the best bank for customers, focused on our strong UK retail and commercial franchises.

We continued to strengthen our balance sheet, while reshaping the business through reducing non-core assets, delivering increased savings from our Simplification programme, and continuing to invest in growing our core business.

We also continued to take action to resolve our legacy issues and during the half year announced that we had agreed non-binding heads of terms for the sale to The Co-operative Group plc of the mandated retail and commercial divestment known as Verde, and further increased our provision in relation to the costs of Payment Protection Insurance (PPI) contact and redress.

We further strengthened the Group’s senior management team to deliver our strategic objectives and the next phase of the Group’s transformation with three appointments to key roles, welcoming George Culmer as Group Finance Director, Cathy Turner as Chief Administrative Officer, and Andrew Bester as Chief Executive, Wholesale.

Results overview
We made further good progress on strengthening our balance sheet and reducing risk, and delivered a resilient underlying performance in a challenging environment.  Group returns improved with Group underlying pre-tax return on risk-weighted assets increasing to 0.62 per cent from 0.18 per cent in the first half of 2011, while core returns were broadly stable at 2.48 per cent (from 2.50 per cent in the same period in 2011).

The continued good progress we made on the balance sheet was reflected in the further improvement in key balance sheet ratios, in a further substantial reduction in non-core assets, and in our strong liquidity and funding position.  Our core tier 1 ratio improved to 11.3 per cent from 10.8 per cent at 31 December 2011.  The Group loan to deposit ratio reduced to 126 per cent from 135 per cent at 31 December 2011, and in the core business fell to 103 per cent from 109 per cent at 31 December 2011.

We further reduced risk through achieving a substantial £23 billion reduction of non-core assets to £118 billion, maintained a strong liquidity position, including £105 billion of primary liquid assets, and continued to strengthen our funding position, by reducing wholesale funding by £37 billion, completing our 2012 funding programme and by delivering further growth in customer deposits (excluding repos) of 3 per cent in the half year (6 per cent over the last year) through our multi-brand strategy.

The substantial progress we are making in reducing risk and delivering on our strategic initiatives was reflected in the outcome of Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s) rating review of Lloyds TSB Bank plc, which was part of a rating review across 114 financial institutions.  Moody’s confirmed that Lloyds TSB Bank plc’s short-term Prime-1 rating remained unchanged, while the longer-term senior debt and deposit ratings were lowered by only one notch to A2 from A1.

Group underlying profit increased by £715 million to £1,064 million, due to the benefits of the actions we have taken to reduce costs and the impairment charge, which offset a reduction in underlying income.  When compared to the first half of 2011, Group total costs fell 6 per cent, principally driven by further savings from our Simplification programme, and impairment reduced 42 per cent, from the continued application of our prudent risk appetite and strong risk management controls resulting in improved portfolio and new business quality.  Underlying income, net of insurance claims, reduced by 17 per cent compared to the same period in 2011, driven mainly by further non-core asset reductions and subdued demand for new lending, and by a lower banking net interest margin, which declined as expected by 19 basis points to 1.93 per cent mainly as a result of higher wholesale funding costs.
 
 
 


 
GROUP CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S STATEMENT (continued)

Our core business delivered a resilient underlying performance given the challenging environment, with return on risk-weighted assets broadly stable at 2.48 per cent.  Underlying profit was down 7 per cent to £2,977 million, as a result of underlying income falling 11 per cent to £8,602 million, with core margin reducing by 11 basis points to 2.32 per cent, and subdued demand resulting in core loans and advances declining by 2 per cent compared to the first half of 2011.  These effects were only partly offset by a substantial reduction of 40 per cent in the impairment charge and a 4 per cent reduction in total costs.

Our statutory results included a further provision for contact and redress in relation to legacy PPI business totalling £1,075 million in the half year as a result of an increase in the volume of complaints being received, and the costs of our Simplification programme and the Verde disposal of £513 million.  As a result, the Group reported a loss before tax of £439 million in the half year.

Further good progress on strategic initiatives
In addition to further strengthening our balance sheet, we continued to make further good progress in the first half of 2012 on the execution of the other elements of our strategic plan to be the best bank for our customers.

In reshaping our business portfolio, the rigorous controls we have put in place over the risk profile of all new business have delivered improving credit quality trends across the Group.  This helped to achieve a further reduction in the impairment charge across all divisions when compared to the first half of 2011 and therefore a reduction in the Group charge of 42 per cent to £3,157 million.

As well as further reducing our non-core assets, we have made further good progress in reducing our international presence, having now announced the disposal or exit from 10 countries.  In addition, during the first half of 2012 we have announced a reduced presence in a further three locations.

The improving quality of our portfolios and their decreasing risk profile, has also been reflected in a 6 per cent decrease in risk-weighted assets when compared to December 2011.

Our Simplification programme is now well under way and is showing strong momentum in streamlining operations and processes, delayering management structures, consolidating supplier relationships and increasing efficiency.  As a result we increased the annual run-rate cost savings achieved under the programme by £270 million in the first half, bringing the annual run-rate at the end of June 2012 to £512 million.  We remain on track to deliver annual run-rate cost savings of £1.9 billion by the end of 2014.

Our customers are also benefiting from simpler processes and products, and these benefits are in turn helping to improve customer advocacy and customer acquisition and retention.  Notable examples include our current account switching service, which has been awarded a 4 star rating by Defaqto, our new digital technologies in Retail and in Wholesale, and the pilot of our new lending process in Commercial which has halved the time to fulfil lending for our SME customers.

We have continued to invest to grow our core customer businesses using a proportion of the savings realised from our Simplification programme.  While the overall environment remains subdued, we have continued to strengthen our franchise and deepen our customer relationships through the launch of new products and services.

In Retail, we have capitalised on our multi-brand strategy by further developing our key relationship brands, Halifax, Lloyds TSB and Bank of Scotland, with new products launched, and over 200 Lloyds TSB branches now refurbished.  Notable product and service successes have included the Halifax Savers’ Prize Draw with over 900,000 customer registrations received, our internet banking service which now has nine million active users, and our mobile banking apps which now have two and a half million active users.
 
 
 


 
GROUP CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S STATEMENT (continued)

In Wholesale, we have made the strongest improvement of any UK bank in relationship quality with our customers over the last 12 months (as reported by Greenwich Associates), driven by improving coverage and product capabilities, although we started from a low baseline.  These product capabilities include our Arena platform, for which over 2,000 customers have now signed up, and our capital markets franchise which has increased its league table positions and enhanced its market shares in Corporate Sterling and Corporate Euro (Investment Grade) debt capital markets.

In Commercial, our commitment to support our SME customers through developing an integrated SME proposition resulted in a year-on-year increase in core loans and advances to customers of 4 per cent (as described in more detail below), and in June we launched the Guardian ‘Small Business Network’ to encourage start-up businesses, and provide access to expertise on exporting to new markets, improving cash flow management and winning new business.

Insurance is focusing on simplifying service and claims processes and has implemented a new organisational design allowing greater flexibility in responding to the changing market place to ensure it is better placed to serve customer needs ahead of the Retail Distribution Review (RDR) coming into effect from 1 January 2013.  Insurance is supporting the Group strategic initiative to build lasting relationships with our bancassurance customers through the introduction of new advice models, enhanced products and access to new direct channels, and has further enhanced its Protection for Life plan through the addition of the new Essential Earnings Cover (EEC) products.

In Wealth, Asset Finance and International, significant investment is being made in developing compelling propositions for affluent and high net worth customers, a key growth opportunity.  In the first half, we saw a 3 per cent increase in customer numbers in the affluent proposition in the UK franchise, while we are further improving customer experience by simplifying customer processes.

Further details on the progress we have made against our strategic initiatives in each business are given in each of the divisional reviews.

Supporting our customers and helping the UK prosper
We continue to actively support sustainable growth in the UK economy through the focused range of products and services we provide to our business and personal customers, as well as through partnerships we have built with industry and Government.

In support of the SME sector, the Group is on track to exceed its SME Charter commitment of £12 billion of lending in 2012 through the core Commercial business, and has now increased this commitment by £1 billion given the benefit of the UK Government’s Funding for Lending Scheme.  This will be supported by at least 200 customer networking events which we expect to be a key platform for recruitment and customer support.  Commercial’s core net lending balance growth of 4 per cent compares favourably with the continued contraction of SME lending across the industry reported by the Bank of England.

Commercial encourages enterprise by helping people start in business and has supported over 64,000 start-up businesses already in 2012 making a total of over 292,000 towards our three year commitment to help 300,000 businesses.  More than 300 members of Lloyds Banking Group’s staff are now trained as mentors to businesses from pre-start up to growth, and social enterprises.

For our Retail customers, we are committed to supporting the UK housing market and first-time buyers in particular.  Our new mortgage lending continued to be focused on home purchase with over 70 per cent of lending being for house purchase rather than re-mortgaging.  Retail remains the UK’s largest lender to first-time buyers, helping over 25,000 customers buy their first home in the first half of 2012, supported by a number of propositions including NewBuy, stamp duty and local lend-a-hand schemes.
 
 
 


 
GROUP CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S STATEMENT (continued)

Further reducing customer complaints
We have committed to reduce banking complaints per 1,000 accounts to 1.3 by the end of 2012, and are making good progress towards our complaint reduction target, having achieved 1.4 complaints per 1,000 accounts in the half year.  We achieved an 18 per cent reduction in our FSA reportable complaints (excluding PPI) compared to the first half of 2011, and reduced our banking complaints by 21 per cent in the same period.  This has been achieved primarily through implementation of initiatives to remove the causes of complaints, including ensuring that our telephone banking teams now have the ability to see all details of earmarked transactions on a customer’s account.  We have also made it easier for our customers to complain by launching a new online complaint form for our three major brands.  We expect to continue to improve the customer experience in the second half of 2012 and achieve our complaint reduction target of 1.3 banking complaints per 1,000 accounts by the end of the year.

Awards for our products and services
We received a number of external awards in the first half recognising our products and services, and the support we provide to our customers.

We were awarded ‘Bank of the Year’ for the eighth consecutive year at the FDs’ Excellence Awards (in association with the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and supported by the CBI), underlining the strength of our relationships with, and the support we give to, our business customers.

The improvements we are making in our products for business customers were also recognised, inter alia, at the Euroweek Bond Awards 2012, where we won the ‘Most Improved Corporate Debt Capital Markets Team’ award, and at the Business Moneyfacts Awards 2012, where Arena won the ‘Best Innovation in the SME Finance Sector’ award, while Scottish Widows was awarded ‘Best Group Pension Provider’ in the Corporate Adviser awards and ‘Best Personal Pensions Provider’ in the Professional Adviser Awards.

Heads of terms signed on EC mandated retail business disposal (Project Verde)
After the half year end, we announced that we had agreed non-binding heads of terms with The Co-operative Group plc for the mandated retail and commercial divestment known as Verde, providing greater certainty for our customers and for our shareholders, and allowing us to share in the future financial performance of the Co-operative Group’s combined banking business which will be an effective challenger in the market with a strong customer focus.

We will continue to work with the Co-operative to agree a sale and purchase agreement, with completion of the divestment expected by the end of November 2013, and, having had constructive discussions on the transaction with the relevant governmental and regulatory bodies, we will now seek formal approval for the terms of the divestment.

Further detail on the Verde business and the heads of terms are given in the Group Finance Director’s review on page 25 of this announcement.
 
 
 


 
GROUP CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S STATEMENT (continued)

Payment Protection Insurance (PPI) provision
During 2012 there has been an increase in the volume of complaints being received in relation to legacy PPI business.  As a result, the Group increased its provision by a further £700 million during the second quarter of 2012, following a £375 million increase in the first quarter, to cover the anticipated redress in relation to these increased volumes.  This increases the total estimated cost of redress to £4,275 million.

There are still a number of uncertainties as to the eventual costs from any such contact and redress given the inherent difficulties of assessing the impact of the detailed implementation of the Policy Statement for all PPI complaints, uncertainties around the ultimate emergence period for complaints, the availability of supporting evidence and the activities of claims management companies, all of which will significantly affect complaints volumes, uphold rates and redress costs.  Further detail is given in note 21 on page 175.

Equity dividends
We remain committed to recommencing progressive dividend payments, when the financial position of the Group and market conditions permit, and after regulatory capital requirements are defined and prudently met.

Our capital position continues to strengthen, with our core tier 1 capital ratio increased by 0.5 per cent in the first half to 11.3 per cent, and by 0.6 per cent to an indicative 7.7 per cent on a fully loaded Basel 3 basis, while our total capital increased by 1.0 per cent to 16.6 per cent.

Outlook
As outlined at our 2011 full year results, we continue to believe that, while the outlook for the UK economy remains subdued and also vulnerable to developments in the Eurozone, the most likely scenario is for a relatively flat economy in the second half of this year with a progressive recovery in 2013.  As a result, our assumptions for UK base rates, inflation and property prices remain broadly unchanged.

Our operating model positions us well to deliver in the new external environment.  Our strategy is enabling us to deliver improved Group underlying results and resilient returns in our core business, even in this challenging environment.  We have built a solid foundation for growth, with a strengthened balance sheet, reduced risk, improved efficiency and lower costs.  This is now providing us with greater commercial flexibility and increases our options for growth.  We also expect that recent regulatory changes, such as a growth agenda, and the Funding for Lending scheme, will help us support economic growth and we believe that we are well positioned for the changes expected from the banking reform White Paper, given our capital strength and the alignment of our business model with the White Paper’s ring-fencing goals.

In the remainder of 2012, therefore, we expect a continued resilient underlying business performance and remain on track to meet the 2012 financial guidance we set out in our full year 2011 results in February, including for banking net interest margin to fall year-on-year by approximately the same amount in 2012 as in 2011.  Moreover, following a better than expected performance in the first half, and assuming current economic trends continue, we now anticipate that our 2012 impairment charge will be lower than our previous guidance in spite of decreasing non-core assets by more than originally anticipated.  We are also targeting achievement of a long-term loan to deposit ratio of 120 per cent by end Q1 2013, and now expect our non-core assets to reduce to below £70 billion by the end of 2014, with non-core reporting to cease at that time.

We believe that we can create competitive advantages through attaining a lower risk premium and best-in-class efficiency and therefore we remain confident that our medium-term financial targets are achievable over time, and that we are well positioned to realise the Group’s full potential for growth from our strategy of being a simple, customer-focused UK retail and commercial bank.


António Horta-Osório
Group Chief Executive
 
 
 

MANAGEMENT BASIS INFORMATION

The analysis and commentary set out on pages 11 to 89 is presented on a management basis as defined on the inside front cover.  Within the management income statement the profit or loss arising from asset sales, volatile items, liability management actions and fair value unwind are each shown on one line.  The accelerated unwind of fair value resulting from asset sales is included within the asset sales line.  Comparatives have been restated accordingly.

 
Page 
Consolidated income statement
11 
Management basis consolidated core and non-core income statements
12 
Summary consolidated balance sheet
13 
Group Finance Director’s review of financial performance
14 
Management basis segmental analysis
26 
Divisional performance
  
Retail
29 
Wholesale
35 
Commercial
43 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
49 
Insurance
61 
Group Operations
69 
Central items
71 
Core and non-core business analysis
72 
Quarterly management basis information
81 
Additional information on a management basis
84 
Basis of preparation of management basis information
84 
Banking net interest margin
87 
Volatility arising in insurance businesses
88 
Number of employees (full-time equivalent)
89 


 
 
 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
             
Net interest income
  
5,215 
  
6,355 
  
5,855 
Other income
  
4,264 
  
4,946 
  
4,233 
Insurance claims
  
(233)
  
(198)
  
(145)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
9,246 
  
11,103 
  
9,943 
Total costs
  
(5,025)
  
(5,332)
  
(5,289)
Impairment
  
(3,157)
  
(5,422)
  
(4,365)
Underlying profit
  
1,064 
  
349 
  
289 
Effects of asset sales, volatile items and liability management
  
(56)
  
(264)
  
1,105 
Fair value unwind
  
157 
  
1,019 
  
187 
Management profit
  
1,165 
  
1,104 
  
1,581 
Volatility arising in insurance businesses
  
(24)
  
(177)
  
(661)
Simplification, EC mandated retail business disposal costs and Integration
(513)
  
(689)
  
(763)
Payment protection insurance provision
  
(1,075)
  
(3,200)
  
– 
Past service pensions credit
  
250 
  
– 
  
– 
Amortisation of purchased intangibles
  
(242)
  
(289)
  
(273)
Provision in relation to German insurance business litigation
  
– 
  
– 
  
(175)
Loss before tax – statutory
  
(439)
  
(3,251)
  
(291)
Taxation
  
(202)
  
973 
  
(145)
Loss for the period
  
(641)
  
(2,278)
  
(436)
             
Loss per share
  
(1.0)p 
  
(3.4)p 
  
(0.7)p 



 
 
 


MANAGEMENT BASIS CONSOLIDATED CORE AND NON-CORE INCOME STATEMENTS

Core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
             
Net interest income
  
4,948 
  
5,536 
  
5,357 
Other income
  
3,887 
  
4,366 
  
3,849 
Insurance claims
  
(233)
  
(198)
  
(145)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
8,602 
  
9,704 
  
9,061 
Total costs
  
(4,647)
  
(4,860)
  
(4,822)
Impairment
  
(978)
  
(1,636)
  
(1,251)
Underlying profit
  
2,977 
  
3,208 
  
2,988 
Effects of asset sales, volatile items and liability management
  
– 
  
(245)
  
1,026 
Fair value unwind
  
(262)
  
(97)
  
(531)
Management profit
  
2,715 
  
2,866 
  
3,483 
             
Banking net interest margin
  
2.32% 
  
2.43% 
  
2.40% 
Cost:income ratio
  
54.0% 
  
50.1% 
  
53.2% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.44% 
  
0.72% 
  
0.56% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.48% 
  
2.50% 
  
2.40% 
             
             
             
             
Non-core
            
Net interest income
  
267 
  
819 
  
498 
Other income
  
377 
  
580 
  
384 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
644 
  
1,399 
  
882 
Total costs
  
(378)
  
(472)
  
(467)
Impairment
  
(2,179)
  
(3,786)
  
(3,114)
Underlying loss
  
(1,913)
  
(2,859)
  
(2,699)
Effects of asset sales, volatile items and liability management
  
(56)
  
(19)
  
79 
Fair value unwind
  
419 
  
1,116 
  
718 
Management loss
  
(1,550)
  
(1,762)
  
(1,902)
             
Banking net interest margin
  
0.60% 
  
1.20% 
  
0.81% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
3.33% 
  
4.87% 
  
4.32% 

The basis of preparation of the core and non-core income statements is set out on the inside front cover.

Non-core portfolios consist of non-relationship assets and liabilities together with assets and liabilities which are outside the Group's current risk appetite.
 
 
 


SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
Assets
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
         
Cash and balances at central banks
  
87,590 
  
60,722 
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
  
145,626 
  
139,510 
Derivative financial instruments
  
58,347 
  
66,013 
Loans and receivables:
        
Loans and advances to customers
  
534,445 
  
565,638 
Loans and advances to banks
  
31,779 
  
32,606 
Debt securities
  
6,429 
  
12,470 
   
572,653 
  
610,714 
Available-for-sale financial assets
  
32,810 
  
37,406 
Held-to-maturity investments
  
10,933 
  
8,098 
Other assets
  
53,412 
  
48,083 
Total assets
  
961,371 
  
970,546 





Liabilities
        
Deposits from banks
  
44,895 
  
39,810 
Customer deposits
  
423,238 
  
413,906 
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
  
37,424 
  
24,955 
Derivative financial instruments
  
50,153 
  
58,212 
Debt securities in issue
  
150,513 
  
185,059 
Liabilities arising from insurance and investment contracts
  
131,199 
  
128,927 
Subordinated liabilities
  
34,752 
  
35,089 
Other liabilities
  
42,568 
  
37,994 
Total liabilities
  
914,742 
  
923,952 
         
Total equity
  
46,629 
  
46,594 


 
 
 


 
GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

Overview
In the first half of 2012, we made further good progress in strengthening our balance sheet and reducing risk, increased Group underlying profit, and delivered a resilient performance in the core business.  Our non-core business performance reflected the substantial asset reductions achieved in the half, while our statutory results were affected by further provisions for contact and redress costs in relation to legacy Payment Protection Insurance (PPI) business.

Balance sheet strengthened and risk further reduced
In line with our strategy, we made further good progress in strengthening our balance sheet and reducing risk by significantly reducing non-core assets by £23.2 billion to £117.5 billion, strengthening our core tier 1 capital ratio by 0.5 per cent to 11.3 per cent and increasing our primary liquidity portfolio to £105.0 billion.  The non-core asset reduction and further deposit growth of 3 per cent (excluding repos) in the half year (6 per cent year-on-year) have allowed us to further improve our funding position, with total wholesale funding reduced to £213.8 billion from £251.2 billion at the end of 2011, with funding with a maturity of less than one year representing less than 35 per cent of total wholesale funding, and money market funding with a maturity of less than one year representing 21 per cent.  We have also completed our 2012 term funding programme and have improved the maturity profile of our wholesale funding, such that 65.7 per cent of our wholesale funding now has a maturity of more than one year.  As part of reducing risk within the business, we have also made further progress towards addressing a number of legacy issues, including the Verde divestiture and PPI.

Improved Group underlying profitability
The Group delivered an underlying profit of £1,064 million, an increase of £715 million when compared to the first half of 2011.  This increase was primarily driven by a 6 per cent reduction in costs, mostly from Simplification savings, and substantially lower impairment (down 42 per cent, reflecting further asset quality improvements overall and our strong credit risk management approach and close management of the quality of new business), more than offsetting the 17 per cent fall in underlying income.

Resilient core business performance
The core business delivered a resilient performance.  Underlying profit was £2,977 million, with the core return on risk-weighted assets broadly stable at 2.48 per cent.  The movement of £231 million in underlying profit was driven mainly by a reduction in core underlying income of 11 per cent, reflecting subdued lending demand and continued customer deleveraging, partially mitigated by a further reduction in costs and the impairment charge.  Net interest margin declined by 11 basis points year-on-year, and 8 basis points in the first half of 2012.  This was mainly as a result of higher wholesale funding costs, mitigated by an improved funding mix, with the core loan to deposit ratio further reduced to 103 per cent, and the benefits of asset repricing.  The 4 per cent reduction in costs was principally as a result of Simplification savings, while the 40 per cent decrease in the impairment charge was driven by continued improvement in the quality of our portfolios.

Non-core results reflect asset reductions
The non-core loss of £1,913 million reflects the substantial reduction in non-core assets of £44.9 billion achieved since June 2011, and the impact of higher wholesale funding costs on net interest margin which fell by 60 basis points to 0.60 per cent given that the non-core portfolio is almost entirely wholesale funded.

Management and statutory results
Management profit, which incorporates the effects of asset sales, volatile items and liability management along with fair value unwind was £1,165 million in the first half of 2012, an increase of £61 million when compared to the first half of 2011.  Statutory loss before tax was £439 million in the first half of 2012, reflecting amongst other things, provisions in relation to legacy PPI business totalling £1,075 million and charges totalling £513 million, of which £274 million related to Simplification and £239 million to costs of the EC mandated retail business disposal.  Further detail on the reconciliation to management and statutory results is included on page 24.
 
 
 


GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Balance sheet

Improved capital ratios and further progress on balance sheet reduction
Our core tier 1 capital ratio increased to 11.3 per cent at the end of June 2012 (30 June 2011: 10.1 per cent), principally driven by a reduction in risk-weighted assets of £50.8 billion since 30 June 2011.  The total capital ratio improved to 16.6 per cent (30 June 2011: 15.0 per cent).

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
% 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
% 
                     
Funded assets
  
£555.8bn 
  
£612.0bn 
  
(9)
  
£587.7bn 
  
(5)
Risk-weighted assets
  
£332.5bn 
  
£383.3bn 
  
(13)
  
£352.3bn 
  
(6)
Non-core assets
  
£117.5bn 
  
£162.4bn 
  
(28)
  
£140.7bn 
  
(16)
Non-core risk-weighted assets
  
£93.4bn 
  
£128.7bn 
  
(27)
  
£108.8bn 
  
(14)
                     
Core tier 1 capital ratio
  
11.3% 
  
10.1% 
      
10.8% 
    
Tier 1 capital ratio
  
13.0% 
  
11.6% 
      
12.5% 
    
Total capital ratio
  
16.6% 
  
15.0% 
      
15.6% 
    

Risk-weighted assets reduced by 6 per cent to £332.5 billion in the first half of 2012, driven by the reduction in our non-core asset portfolio, subdued demand for new lending, and continued improvements to the overall quality of our portfolios, partially offset by the application of revised regulatory rules relating to the Group’s private equity (including venture capital) investments which are now risk-weighted rather than being deducted from total capital.  The removal of this deduction from total capital contributes to the improvement in the total capital ratio.

Total Group funded assets decreased to £555.8 billion from £612.0 billion at 30 June 2011, primarily driven by the reduction in our non-core asset portfolio, and continued customer deleveraging resulting from subdued demand in core lending markets.

The fall in non-core risk-weighted assets over the last year is in line with the asset reductions achieved and reflects the substantial decrease in risk we have achieved over this period.

We are pleased with the progress made on our balance sheet reduction plans, given challenging market conditions.  In the first half of 2012, we achieved a substantial reduction in the non-core portfolio of £23.2 billion, resulting in the portfolio at 30 June 2012 amounting to £117.5 billion.  This included reductions of £10.6 billion in treasury assets, £2.5 billion in UK commercial real estate and £5.2 billion in International assets of which £2.0 billion was in Ireland and £1.3 billion in Australasia.
 
 
 


GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Further strengthening our liquidity and funding position
The Group further enhanced its funding and liquidity position in the first half of 2012.  We saw continued growth in customer deposits (excluding repos), which increased by 3 per cent, reflecting good growth in both our Retail and Wealth, Asset Finance and International divisions.  Customer deposits (excluding repos) have grown by 6 per cent since 30 June 2011.

The Group has also made excellent progress in the first half of 2012 with respect to our term wholesale funding objectives with £19.5 billion of wholesale term issuance.  Adding this to the £1.7 billion of pre-funding in 2011 and the £4.7 billion benefit from 2011 liability management exercises, we have (as communicated in the Group’s Q1 IMS) now completed our 2012 wholesale term issuance plan.  Looking ahead to 2013 we expect the Group’s public term funding requirement to be less than £10 billion.

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
% 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
% 
                     
Customer deposits1
  
£419.1bn 
  
£394.9bn 
  
6 
  
£405.9bn 
  
3 
Wholesale funding
  
£213.8bn 
  
£295.6bn 
  
(28)
  
£251.2bn 
  
(15)
Wholesale funding <1 year maturity
£73.3bn 
  
£151.7bn 
  
(52)
  
£113.3bn 
  
(35)
Of which money market funding
<1 year maturity
  
£44.4bn 
  
£92.9bn 
  
(52)
  
£69.1bn 
  
(36)
Loan to deposit ratio2
  
126% 
  
144% 
      
135% 
    
Core business loan to deposit ratio2
103% 
  
114% 
      
109% 
    
Government facilities
  
£4.9bn 
  
£37.1bn 
  
(87)
  
£23.5bn 
  
(79)
Wholesale funding >1 year maturity
66% 
  
49% 
      
55% 
    
Primary liquid assets
  
£105.0bn 
  
£100.9bn 
  
4 
  
£94.8bn 
  
11 
 
1
Excluding repos of £4.1 billion (30 June 2011: £5.0 billion, 31 December 2011: £8.0 billion).
2
Excluding repos and reverse repos.

Wholesale funding reduced by 28 per cent since 30 June 2011 to £213.8 billion.  The combination of customer deposit growth, the successful Q1 term issuance programme and the reduction in funded assets has allowed us to aggressively reduce the Group’s short-term money-market funding and further improve the maturity profile of wholesale funding.  At 30 June 2012, 66 per cent of wholesale funding had a maturity date greater than one year, compared to 49 per cent at 30 June 2011.

By the end of the first half, our Group loan to deposit ratio, excluding repos and reverse repos, had improved to 126 per cent.  Our core loan to deposit ratio also improved to 103 per cent from 109 per cent at 31 December 2011.  We are now targeting a long-term Group loan to deposit ratio of 120 per cent and assuming a continuation of current market conditions we expect to achieve this target by the end of March 2013.

The Group continued to make repayments under the legacy Credit Guarantee Scheme, achieving a reduction of £18.6 billion in the first half and leaving only £4.9 billion outstanding at the end of June.  The remaining debt will mature during the second half of 2012.

In the first quarter, the Group drew €13.5 billion (the Sterling equivalent of which at the date of drawdown was £11.2 billion) under the European Central Bank’s Long-Term Refinancing Operation for an initial term of three years, to part fund a pool of non-core euro denominated assets.
 
 
 


GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

The Group also continues to maintain a strong liquidity position.  Our primary liquid assets portfolio at the half year end was £105.0 billion, an increase of £4.1 billion since 30 June 2011.  This represents approximately 223 per cent of our money market funding positions at end June 2012 and is approximately 143 per cent of all wholesale funding with a maturity of less than a year, thus providing a substantial buffer in the event of market dislocation.

In addition to primary liquidity holdings, the Group has significant secondary liquidity holdings of more than £100 billion eligible for use in open market operations and liquidity facilities at a number of central banks of which the Group makes use as part of its liquidity management practices.  Use of such facilities will be based on prudent liquidity management and economic considerations, having regard for external market conditions.

The Group welcomes the announcements made at the Mansion House in June 2012 aimed at reducing the pressure from liquidity regulation to deleverage the balance sheet.  The combination of the Extended Collateral Term Repo facility (ECTR), Funding for Lending and the potential widening of the definition of primary liquidity under FSA rules strengthens the liquidity position of the UK banking sector and provides a framework for an increased supply of credit to the UK economy.

Given the strong liquidity position and the reduced requirement for funding, the Group decided to tender for certain GBP, Euro and USD senior unsecured securities, to manage its overall wholesale funding level and optimise its future interest expense, whilst maintaining a prudent approach to liquidity.  The tender offers closed on 9 July 2012 with £1.4 billion accepted in the non-US tender offer and US$4.9 billion accepted in the US tender offer.

From 31 January 2010 the Group was prohibited under the terms of an agreement with the European Commission from paying discretionary coupons and dividends on hybrid capital securities issued by the Company and certain of its subsidiaries.  This prohibition ended on 31 January 2012.  Future coupons and dividends on hybrid capital securities will be paid subject to, and in accordance with, the terms of those securities.

During the period the Group issued £170 million of new ordinary shares in relation to payment of coupons in 2012 on hybrid capital securities that are non-cumulative.  This decision was taken by the Group in the context of recent macro prudential policy discussions.
 
 
 


 
GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Total income
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
5,215 
  
6,355 
  
(18)
  
5,855 
Other income
  
4,264 
  
4,946 
  
(14)
  
4,233 
Insurance claims
  
(233)
  
(198)
  
(18)
  
(145)
Total underlying income
9,246 
  
11,103 
  
(17)
  
9,943 

Banking net interest margin
  
1.93% 
  
2.12% 
      
2.01% 
Banking asset margin
  
1.10% 
  
1.54% 
      
1.38% 
Banking liability margin
  
1.19% 
  
0.97% 
      
0.98% 
Average interest-earning banking assets
  
£553.2bn 
  
£596.5bn 
  
(7)
  
£574.4bn 

Total underlying income was down 17 per cent, reflecting reductions in net interest income and other income, and increased insurance claims.

Group net interest income decreased by 18 per cent to £5,215 million.  This fall reflects the decrease of 7 per cent in average interest-earning banking assets, as a result of subdued economic environment which affected demand for new credit and continued customer deleveraging in the core business, together with non-core asset reductions, and the reduction in net interest margin.

Banking net interest margin decreased 19 basis points to 1.93 per cent, principally reflecting higher wholesale funding costs and competitive deposit markets, which have more than offset the benefits of repricing certain lending portfolios, and the improved funding mix as reflected in the improvement in our loan to deposit ratio from 135 per cent at 31 December 2011 to 126 per cent at 30 June 2012.  Banking asset margin declined to 1.10 per cent as a result of higher wholesale funding costs, which were, however, mitigated by asset repricing.  The 22 basis point increase in the banking liability margin reflected the increased value of deposits to the Group, partly offset by the effects of competitive deposit markets.

Other income decreased by 14 per cent to £4,264 million compared with the first half of 2011.  Income from non-lending activities has fallen as a result of subdued demand and the run-off of non-core assets.  In addition the subdued economic environment has affected the level of income from funds management, and returns in the Insurance business.  However, Commercial saw an increase in business activity levels, while our Retail business benefited from sales of newly-launched protection products.

Insurance claims increased, principally reflecting adverse property claims in our General Insurance business as a result of weather events.
 
 
 


 
GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Core underlying income
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
4,948 
  
5,536 
  
(11)
  
5,357 
Other income
  
3,887 
  
4,366 
  
(11)
  
3,849 
Insurance claims
  
(233)
  
(198)
  
(18)
  
(145)
Core underlying income, net of insurance claims
8,602 
  
9,704 
  
(11)
  
9,061 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
2.32% 
  
2.43% 
      
2.40% 
Average interest-earning banking assets
  
£426.5bn 
  
£445.9bn 
  
(4)
  
£431.6bn 

Core net interest income fell by 11 per cent, principally reflecting subdued new lending demand and continued customer deleveraging, with average interest-earning banking assets decreasing by 4 per cent, and a lower banking net interest margin.

Core net interest margin fell 11 basis points, mainly reflecting higher wholesale funding costs, but was more resilient than at the Group level due to the benefits of asset repricing and improved funding mix.

Core other income fell 11 per cent reflecting, as in the Group as a whole, subdued demand for new lending and the effects of the economic environment, although these were partly offset by strong performances in some areas.

Insurance claims increased, principally reflecting adverse property claims in our General Insurance business as a result of weather events.

Non-core underlying income
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
267 
  
819 
  
(67)
  
498 
Other income
  
377 
  
580 
  
(35)
  
384 
Non-core underlying income
  
644 
  
1,399 
  
(54)
  
882 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
0.60% 
  
1.20% 
      
0.81% 
Average interest-earning banking assets
  
£126.7bn 
  
£150.6bn 
  
(16)
  
£142.8bn 

The 54 per cent fall in underlying non-core income reflects the significant de-risking achieved from the targeted reduction in non-core portfolios of £44.9 billion since the end of June 2011, the further movement of assets to non-performing status, and a lower net interest margin.

Net interest income fell by 67 per cent as a result of the reduction in average interest earning assets of 16 per cent, and the decrease in net interest margin, primarily as a result of higher wholesale funding costs, with both of these metrics also adversely affected by a reduction in income from assets becoming newly impaired.
 
 
 


GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Total costs
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Core
  
4,647 
  
4,860 
  
4 
  
4,822 
Non-core
  
378 
  
472 
  
20 
  
467 
Total costs
  
5,025 
  
5,332 
  
6 
  
5,289 
                 
Simplification savings annual run-rate
  
512 
  
– 
      
242 

Total costs decreased by 6 per cent compared to the first half of 2011, mainly as a result of the realisation of Simplification-related savings, partly offset by inflationary pressures and investment in our core business.  In accordance with accounting requirements no accrual has been made in the first half for the UK bank levy.

Core total costs reduced by 4 per cent driven by the same factors as in the Group, while in the non-core business, the reduction of 20 per cent was mainly a result of the elimination of certain support costs for the non-core portfolios.

As at 30 June 2012, we had realised annual run-rate cost savings of £512 million from our programme to simplify the Group, an increase of £270 million since 31 December 2011 with the programme having contributed in year cost savings of £298 million.

The Simplification programme continues to make good progress and a strong pipeline of early deliverables has seen the successful implementation of a number of initiatives in the first half of 2012 that not only reduce costs, but also enhance customer service.  Examples include a fully re-engineered process for setting up and handling customer accounts transferred from other banks, a redesigned General Insurance claims handling process, a streamlined Commercial lending process and improvements to internet banking customer enrolment.

We remain on track to deliver our increased targets of £1.7 billion of savings in 2014 and £1.9 billion of annual run-rate savings by the end of 2014.
 
 
 


GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Impairment
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Core
  
978 
  
1,636 
  
40 
  
1,251 
Non-core
  
2,179 
  
3,786 
  
42 
  
3,114 
Total impairment
  
3,157 
  
5,422 
  
42 
  
4,365 

The Group impairment charge of £3,157 million in the first half of 2012 was 42 per cent lower than in the first half of 2011.  This was principally driven by a reduction in the non-core impairment charge, reflecting lower charges in the Group’s wholesale Irish and Australasian businesses, with the core charge also reducing as a result of a continued low interest rate environment and the overall improvement in asset quality.

The reduction in the Group charge was ahead of our expectations, and continues to benefit from the application of our prudent risk appetite and strong risk management controls resulting in improved portfolio and new business quality, from continued low interest rates, and broadly stable UK retail property prices.  These benefits were partly offset by subdued UK economic growth, high unemployment and a weak commercial real estate market.

Impaired loans decreased by 12 per cent compared to December 2011 to £53 billion, representing 9 per cent of closing advances, mainly driven by reductions in Wholesale and in Wealth, Asset Finance and International.  The Group’s coverage ratio increased by 2 per cent to 49 per cent.

Core impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Retail
  
735 
  
1,052 
  
30 
  
744 
Wholesale
  
111 
  
407 
  
73 
  
334 
Commercial
  
116 
  
160 
  
28 
  
136 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
16 
  
17 
  
6 
  
34 
Central items
  
– 
  
– 
      
3 
Core impairment
  
978 
  
1,636 
  
40 
  
1,251 

The core impairment charge decreased by £658 million, or 40 per cent, compared to the charge in the first half of 2011.  The reduction was principally driven by the decrease in Retail as a result of reductions in the unsecured charge, and in Wholesale and Commercial, which reflected robust and proactive risk management, an appropriately impaired portfolio (against our current economic assumptions), and a low interest rate environment helping to maintain defaults at a lower level.
 
 
 


 
GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Non-core impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Retail
  
23 
  
121 
  
81 
  
53 
Wholesale
  
882 
  
1,035 
  
15 
  
925 
Commercial
  
(7)
  
– 
      
7 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
1,281 
  
2,630 
  
51 
  
2,129 
Non-core impairment
  
2,179 
  
3,786 
  
42 
  
3,114 

The non-core impairment charge reduced by £1,607 million, or 42 per cent compared to the charge in the first half of 2011, principally as a result of a material reduction in Wealth, Asset Finance and International reflecting lower charges in the Group’s wholesale Irish and Australasian businesses.

Non-core loans and advances to customers generated 76 per cent of the Group's impaired loans reflecting their higher risk profile, with a coverage ratio of 51 per cent at 30 June 2012 (30 June 2011: 47 per cent).
 
 
 


 
GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Management profit
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
             
Underlying profit
  
1,064 
  
349 
  
289 
Own debt volatility
  
(357)
  
(250)
  
434 
Asset and bond sales1
  
585 
  
88 
  
196 
Other volatile items
  
(452)
  
(102)
  
(820)
Liability management
  
168 
  
– 
  
1,295 
Fair value unwind
  
157 
  
1,019 
  
187 
Management profit
  
1,165 
  
1,104 
  
1,581 

1
Net of associated fair value unwind of £603 million (30 June 2011: £649 million).

Own debt volatility includes a £205 million charge relating to the change in fair value of the small proportion of the Group’s wholesale funding which was designated at fair value at inception.  This compares to a £203 million gain in the second half of 2011, and a £14 million charge in the first half of 2011.  Own debt volatility also includes a £152 million charge relating to the change in fair value of the equity conversion feature of the Enhanced Capital Notes, which principally reflects the ongoing amortisation of the value of the conversion feature over its life.

Asset and bond sales of £585 million comprise the loss on asset disposals, which principally comprised non-core asset reductions, and resulted in net losses on disposal of £73 million including fair value unwind benefits of £603 million, and gains on bond sales as we repositioned the available-for-sale portfolio of Government securities.

Other volatile items includes the change in fair value of interest rate derivatives and foreign exchange hedges in the banking book not mitigated through hedge accounting.  A charge of £529 million was included in the first half of 2012 and reflected the volatile market conditions that resulted in substantial changes in interest and foreign exchange rates in the period.  Also included was a positive net derivative valuation adjustment of £77 million, reflecting a reduction in the market implied credit risk associated with customer derivative balances.

Liability management gains of £168 million arose on transactions undertaken as part of the Group’s management of capital, largely the exchange of certain debt securities for other debt instruments, comprising £109 million recognised in statutory net interest income and £59 million recognised in statutory other income.  There were no such gains in the first half of 2011.

Management profit also includes a gain of £157 million relating to an unwind of acquisition-related fair value adjustments.  The unwind of fair value relating to assets disposed in the period is included in the asset sales line.
 
 
 


 
GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Statutory profit
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
             
Management profit
  
1,165 
  
1,104 
  
1,581 
Volatility arising in insurance businesses
  
(24)
  
(177)
  
(661)
Simplification, EC mandated retail business disposal costs, and integration costs
(513)
  
(689)
  
(763)
Payment protection insurance provision
  
(1,075)
  
(3,200)
  
– 
Past service pensions credit
  
250 
  
– 
  
– 
Amortisation of purchased intangibles
  
(242)
  
(289)
  
(273)
Provision in relation to German insurance business litigation
  
– 
  
– 
  
(175)
Loss before tax – statutory
  
(439)
  
(3,251)
  
(291)
Taxation
  
(202)
  
973 
  
(145)
Loss for the period
  
(641)
  
(2,278)
  
(436)
             
Loss per share
  
(1.0)p 
  
(3.4)p 
  
(0.7)p 

Volatility arising in insurance businesses
The Group's statutory result before tax is affected by insurance volatility, caused by movements in financial markets, and policyholder interests volatility, which primarily reflects the gross up of policyholder tax included in the Group tax charge.  In the first half of 2012 the Group’s statutory result before tax included negative insurance and policyholder interests volatility totalling £24 million compared to negative volatility of £177 million in the first half of 2011.  Further detail is given in note 3 on page 88.

Simplification, EC mandated retail business disposal costs, and integration costs
The costs of the Simplification programme were £274 million in the first half of 2012.  These costs related to severance, IT and business costs of implementation.  4,555 FTE role reductions were announced in the first half of 2012 taking the total to 6,653 since the start of the programme.  Simplification of our business operations continues through reduction in management layers and increasing spans of control as well as restructuring business units.  The latter includes consolidation of back office operations sites, optimisation of our model for delivery of IT and outsourcing of our property facilities and asset management services.  Costs relating to the EC mandated business disposal in the first half of 2012 were £239 million and from inception to date total £451 million (costs in the year ended 31 December 2011: £170 million).  There were no integration costs in the first half of 2012.

Payment protection insurance (PPI)
The Group provided £3,200 million in 2011 in respect of the anticipated costs of contact and/or redress, including administration expenses, in relation to legacy PPI business.  During 2012 there has been an increase in the volume of complaints being received in relation to PPI, although other assumptions continue to be in line with expectations.  As a result, the Group has increased its provision by a further £1,075 million during the first half of 2012 (of which £375 million was reflected in the first quarter) to cover the anticipated redress in relation to these increased volumes.  This increases the total estimated cost of contact and redress to £4,275 million; redress payments made and expenses incurred to the end of June 2012 amounted to £2,955 million.  However, there are still a number of uncertainties as to the eventual costs from any such contact and/or redress given the inherent difficulties of assessing the impact of the detailed implementation of the Policy Statement for all PPI complaints, uncertainties around the ultimate emergence period for complaints, the availability of supporting evidence and the activities of claims management companies, all of which will significantly affect complaints volumes, uphold rates and redress costs.  Further detail is given in note 21 on page 175.

Past service pensions credit
Following a review of policy in respect of discretionary pension increases in relation to the Group’s defined benefit pension schemes, increases in certain schemes are now linked to the Consumer Price Index rather than the Retail Price Index.  The impact of this change is a reduction in the Group’s defined benefit obligation of £250 million, the benefit of which is recognised in the Group’s income statement in the first half of 2012.
 
 
 


 
GROUP FINANCE DIRECTOR’S REVIEW OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (continued)

Taxation
The tax charge for the first half of 2012 was £202 million.  This represents a greater tax burden than the credit implied by the UK statutory rate.  This is primarily due to a policyholder tax charge of £338 million, and the £120 million effect of the UK corporation tax rate reduction to 24 per cent on the net deferred tax asset.

EC mandated retail business disposal (Project Verde)
On 19 July 2012, we announced that we had agreed non-binding heads of terms with The Co-operative Group plc (Co-operative) for the mandated retail and commercial divestment known as Verde.

Under the heads of terms, the Co-operative will pay on completion an initial consideration of £350 million, and up to an additional £400 million in present value – equivalent to around £800 million on a nominal basis – based on the performance of the Co-operative’s combined banking business from completion up to 2027.  The initial consideration will be funded through the sale by Co-operative of perpetual subordinated debt, underwritten by Lloyds Banking Group.

We expect to deliver the Verde business with £1.5 billion of equity capital assuming a standardised capital model.  Under an Internal Ratings Based (IRB) capital model and subject to regulatory approval, the equity capital requirement is expected to be in the range of £1.2 billion to £1.4 billion.  We intend to apply for an IRB approach to be adopted prior to completion.  The Verde business will have approximately £11 billion of risk-weighted assets on a standardised basis.

The completion of the divestment is currently expected to be recognised in our 2013 financial statements.  We expect that the loss on disposal will be broadly offset by lower capital requirements from a reduction in our risk-weighted assets.  The divestment is not expected to have a material effect on our future profitability.

Further progress made towards addressing legacy issues
We made further progress in the half towards addressing a number of legacy issues that we are committed to resolving.  These include PPI and the Verde divestiture, as already described, and we have also agreed with the FSA to carry out a thorough assessment of interest rate hedging product sales to small and medium-sized businesses.  On conclusion of this assessment, we have undertaken to provide redress to SME customers where appropriate.  However, based on our analysis to date, the total cost of this redress is not expected to be material.

In other areas, we have received a number of claims in the German courts relating to policies issued by Clerical Medical Investment Group Limited, principally during the late 1990s and early 2000s, and recognised a provision of £175 million in respect of this litigation in 2011.  Following a decision on 11 July 2012 by the German Federal Court of Justice to remand five cases back to their respective Courts of Appeal, there a risk that the ultimate outcome of this litigation could be more unfavourable than previously assessed.

We continue to co-operate with investigations by several government agencies in the UK, US and overseas into submissions made to the bodies that set various interbank offered rates.  In addition the Group has been named in private lawsuits in the US including with regard to the setting of BBA London interbank offered rates.  It is currently not possible to predict the scope and ultimate outcome of the various regulatory investigations or private lawsuits, including the timing and scale of the potential impact of any investigations and private lawsuits on the Group.

Further detail on these matters is contained in notes 21 and 22 on pages 175 to 179 of this announcement.

Conclusion
The resilient underlying returns we have delivered in our core business in the first half of the year reflect the strength of the Group’s franchise, and the potential we have to capitalise on future opportunities for growth and therefore to deliver strong, stable and sustainable returns for shareholders.  In the second half of the year, our focus will remain on further strengthening the balance sheet and reducing costs and risk, while ensuring that we deliver a resilient core business performance and continue to invest behind opportunities for growth within our core business.


George Culmer
Group Finance Director
 
 
 


MANAGEMENT BASIS SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS

   
Retail 
Wholesale 
Commercial 
  
Wealth, 
Asset 
Finance 
and Int’l 
Insurance 
Group 
Operations 
and 
Central 
items 
  
Group 
Half-year to 30 June 2012
£m 
  
£m
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
3,490 
  
554 
  
587 
  
448 
  
(37)
  
173 
  
5,215 
Other income
  
766 
  
1,261 
  
210 
  
1,031 
  
1,156 
  
(160)
  
4,264 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(233)
  
– 
  
(233)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,256 
  
1,815 
  
797 
  
1,479 
  
886 
  
13 
  
9,246 
Total costs
  
(2,089)
  
(808)
  
(433)
  
(1,177)
  
(384)
  
(134)
  
(5,025)
Impairment
  
(758)
  
(993)
  
(109)
  
(1,297)
  
– 
  
– 
  
(3,157)
Underlying profit (loss)
  
1,409 
  
14 
  
255 
  
(995)
  
502 
  
(121)
  
1,064 
Asset sales1
  
– 
  
(42)
  
– 
  
(31)
  
– 
  
658 
  
585 
Volatile items
  
– 
  
17 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(826)
  
(809)
Liability management
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
168 
  
168 
Fair value unwind1
  
241 
  
410 
  
16 
  
(38)
  
(21)
  
(451)
  
157 
Management profit (loss)
  
1,650 
  
399 
  
271 
  
(1,064)
  
481 
  
(572)
  
1,165 
                             
Banking net interest margin
2.02% 
  
1.12% 
  
3.98% 
  
1.45% 
          
1.93% 
Cost:income ratio
49.1% 
  
44.5% 
  
54.3% 
  
79.6% 
  
43.3%
      
54.3% 
Impairment as a % of
average advances
  
0.43% 
  
1.52% 
  
0.72% 
  
4.31% 
          
1.10% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.79% 
  
0.02% 
  
2.03% 
  
(3.68)% 
          
0.62% 
                             
Key balance sheet items
                            
As at 30 June 2012
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
347.0 
  
108.2 
  
29.3 
  
43.9 
      
0.2 
  
528.6 
Customer deposits excluding repos
254.7 
  
81.2 
  
33.5 
  
49.7 
      
– 
  
419.1 
Total customer balances
  
601.7 
  
189.4 
  
62.8 
  
93.6 
      
0.2 
  
947.7 
Risk-weighted assets
  
100.2 
  
143.2 
  
24.9 
  
51.5 
      
12.7 
  
332.5 

1
During the first half of the 2012, the Group has changed the presentation of the fair value unwind to include those amounts related to asset sales within that line item. Comparative figures have been restated accordingly.

`
 
 
 

MANAGEMENT BASIS SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS (continued)

   
Retail 
Wholesale 
Commercial 
  
Wealth, 
Asset 
Finance 
and Int’l 
Insurance 
Group 
Operations 
and 
Central 
items 
  
Group 
Half-year to 30 June 2011
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
3,870 
  
969 
  
634 
  
642 
  
(25)
  
265 
  
6,355 
Other income
  
846 
  
1,387 
  
208 
  
1,221 
  
1,319 
  
(35)
  
4,946 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(198)
  
– 
  
(198)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,716 
  
2,356 
  
842 
  
1,863 
  
1,096 
  
230 
  
11,103 
Total costs
  
(2,221)
  
(816)
  
(471)
  
(1,288)
  
(415)
  
(121)
  
(5,332)
Impairment
  
(1,173)
  
(1,442)
  
(160)
  
(2,647)
  
– 
  
– 
  
(5,422)
Underlying profit (loss)
  
1,322 
  
98 
  
211 
  
(2,072)
  
681 
  
109 
  
349 
Asset sales1
  
41 
  
(1)
  
– 
  
(21)
  
– 
  
69 
  
88 
Volatile items
  
– 
  
61 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(413)
  
(352)
Liability management
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind1
  
544 
  
902 
  
26 
  
104 
  
(21)
  
(536)
  
1,019 
Management profit (loss)
  
1,907 
  
1,060 
  
237 
  
(1,989)
  
660 
  
(771)
  
1,104 
                             
Banking net interest margin
2.14% 
  
1.47% 
  
4.27% 
  
1.64% 
          
2.12% 
Cost:income ratio
47.1% 
  
34.6% 
  
55.9% 
  
69.1% 
  
37.9% 
      
48.0% 
Impairment as a % of
average advances
  
0.65% 
  
1.98% 
  
1.07% 
  
7.21% 
          
1.77% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.44% 
  
0.11% 
  
1.59% 
  
(6.05)% 
          
0.18% 
                             
Key balance sheet items
                            
As at 30 June 2011
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
357.8 
  
122.5 
  
28.7 
  
58.6 
      
0.5 
  
568.1 
Customer deposits excluding repos
242.3 
  
80.9 
  
32.7 
  
38.9 
      
0.1 
  
394.9 
Total customer balances
  
600.1 
  
203.4 
  
61.4 
  
97.5 
      
0.6 
  
963.0 
Risk-weighted assets
  
109.6 
  
165.8 
  
26.8 
  
67.2 
      
13.9 
  
383.3 

1
During the first half of the 2012, the Group has changed the presentation of the fair value unwind to include those amounts related to asset sales within that line item. Comparative figures have been restated accordingly.




 
 
 


 
MANAGEMENT BASIS SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS (continued)

   
Retail 
Wholesale 
Commercial 
  
Wealth, 
Asset 
Finance 
and Int’l 
Insurance 
Group 
Operations 
and 
Central 
items 
  
Group 
Half-year to 31 Dec 2011
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
3,627 
  
791 
  
617 
  
542 
  
(42)
  
320 
  
5,855 
Other income
  
814 
  
899 
  
218 
  
1,103 
  
1,368 
  
(169)
  
4,233 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(145)
  
– 
  
(145)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,441 
  
1,690 
  
835 
  
1,645 
  
1,181 
  
151 
  
9,943 
Total costs
  
(2,217)
  
(718)
  
(477)
  
(1,244)
  
(397)
  
(236)
  
(5,289)
Impairment
  
(797)
  
(1,259)
  
(143)
  
(2,163)
  
– 
  
(3)
  
(4,365)
Underlying profit (loss)
  
1,427 
  
(287)
  
215 
  
(1,762)
  
784 
  
(88)
  
289 
Asset sales1
  
7 
  
62 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
127 
  
196 
Volatile items
  
– 
  
(797)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
411 
  
(386)
Liability management
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
1,295 
  
1,295 
Fair value unwind1
  
295 
  
535 
  
27 
  
90 
  
(22)
  
(738)
  
187 
Management profit (loss)
  
1,729 
  
(487)
  
242 
  
(1,672)
  
762 
  
1,007 
  
1,581 
                             
Banking net interest margin
2.04% 
  
1.29% 
  
4.15% 
  
1.52% 
          
2.01% 
Cost:income ratio
49.9% 
  
42.5% 
  
57.1% 
  
75.6% 
  
33.6% 
      
53.2% 
Impairment as a % of
average advances
  
0.44% 
  
1.87% 
  
1.04% 
  
6.28% 
          
1.46% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.68% 
  
(0.36)% 
  
1.65% 
  
(5.89)% 
          
0.16% 
                             
Key balance sheet items
                            
As at 31 December 2011
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
352.8 
  
116.9 
  
28.8 
  
50.2 
      
0.1 
  
548.8 
Customer deposits excluding repos
247.1 
  
84.3 
  
32.1 
  
42.0 
      
0.4 
  
405.9 
Total customer balances
  
599.9 
  
201.2 
  
60.9 
  
92.2 
      
0.5 
  
954.7 
Risk-weighted assets
  
103.2 
  
154.4 
  
25.4 
  
56.7 
      
12.6 
  
352.3 

1
During the first half of the 2012, the Group has changed the presentation of the fair value unwind to include those amounts related to asset sales within that line item. Comparative figures have been restated accordingly.



 
 
 


 
DIVISIONAL PERFORMANCE

RETAIL

 
Key highlights
 
·  
Underlying profit increased by 7 per cent, to £1,409 million compared to the first half of 2011, and the return on risk-weighted assets remained strong at 2.79 per cent despite the challenging operating environment.
 
·  
Total underlying income fell by 10percent, to £4,256 million, driven by reduced demand for lending, increased funding costs and prior de-risking of the balance sheet.  Whilst the prior de-risking has suppressed income growth, importantly, it has also supported an offsetting reduction in impairment charges.  The net interest margin declined to 2.02 per cent, with its reduction slowing in the first half as the rate of funding cost increases moderated.
 
·  
Total costs declined by 6percent, to £2,089 million, as a result of strong cost control and the benefits from the Simplification programme.  This was partially offset by ongoing cost inflation and investment in the business for future growth.  Organisation structure changes, sourcing efficiencies and process simplification all made a contribution to the reduction in costs.
 
·  
The impairment charge reduced by 35percent, to £758 million, as Retail continues to benefit from previous credit management which has more than offset the impact of the subdued economic environment.  This has been supported by a continued sustainable approach to risk, effective portfolio management, and a focus on lending to existing customers.
 
·  
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos decreased by 2percent, compared with December 2011, driven by reduced customer demand for new credit, existing customers continuing to reduce their personal indebtedness, non-core lending run-off and Retail maintaining a sustainable approach to risk.  The reduction in lending to customers was in part due to the repayment of unsecured debt where balances reduced by 5 per cent.  Secured balances reduced by £4.7 billion, or 1 per cent, of which £0.7 billion was a reduction in non-core mortgage balances.  Risk-weighted assets fell 3 per cent largely driven by lower lending balances.
 
·  
Customer deposits excluding repos increased by 3percent, compared with December 2011, against a market that experienced modest growth.  The solid performance reflected the compelling multi-brand customer proposition Retail has developed.  This strong deposit growth, in addition to the issuance of debt securities backed by Retail assets, provided ongoing support to the Group funding position.
 
·  
In delivering its strategic objectives, Retail remains focused on building a strong platform for growth when economic conditions improve, based on delivering deeper customer relationships.  This is driven by investment in Simplification, our multi-brand strategy, new products, multiple channels, and in building the skills and capabilities of all colleagues.  Retail has particularly focused on delivering new digital technologies, such as the rapidly growing mobile banking channel.  The Simplification programme is an important enabler of our investment in growth and Retail has continued to make good headway with simplifying its processes and improving the efficiency of IT systems.
 
 

 
 
 
 

RETAIL (continued)

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
3,490 
  
3,870 
  
(10)
  
3,627 
Other income
  
766 
  
846 
  
(9)
  
814 
Total underlying income
  
4,256 
  
4,716 
  
(10)
  
4,441 
Total costs
  
(2,089)
  
(2,221)
  
6 
  
(2,217)
Impairment
  
(758)
  
(1,173)
  
35 
  
(797)
Underlying profit
  
1,409 
  
1,322 
  
7 
  
1,427 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
2.02% 
  
2.14% 
      
2.04% 
Cost:income ratio
  
49.1% 
  
47.1% 
      
49.9% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.43% 
  
0.65% 
      
0.44% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.79% 
  
2.44% 
      
2.68% 


   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos:
            
Secured
  
324.4 
  
329.1 
  
(1)
Unsecured
  
22.6 
  
23.7 
  
(5)
   
347.0 
  
352.8 
  
(2)
Customer deposits excluding repos:
            
Savings
  
212.8 
  
206.3 
  
3 
Current accounts
  
41.9 
  
40.8 
  
3 
   
254.7 
  
247.1 
  
3 
Total customer balances
  
601.7 
  
599.9 
    
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
100.2 
  
103.2 
  
(3)



 
 
 


 
RETAIL (continued)

Core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
3,464 
  
3,688 
  
(6)
  
3,558 
Other income
  
757 
  
836 
  
(9)
  
802 
Total underlying income
  
4,221 
  
4,524 
  
(7)
  
4,360 
Total costs
  
(2,086)
  
(2,218)
  
6 
  
(2,214)
Impairment
  
(735)
  
(1,052)
  
30 
  
(744)
Underlying profit
  
1,400 
  
1,254 
  
12 
  
1,402 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
2.17% 
  
2.23% 
      
2.18% 
Cost:income ratio
  
49.4% 
  
49.0% 
      
50.8% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.45% 
  
0.63% 
      
0.45% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
3.09% 
  
2.58% 
      
2.93% 

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at  31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
320.1 
  
325.1 
  
(2)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
254.7 
  
247.1 
  
3 
Total customer balances
  
574.8 
  
572.2 
    
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
90.4 
  
92.6 
  
(2)

Non-core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
26 
  
182 
  
(86)
  
69 
Other income
  
9 
  
10 
  
(10)
  
12 
Total underlying income
  
35 
  
192 
  
(82)
  
81 
Total costs
  
(3)
  
(3)
      
(3)
Impairment
  
(23)
  
(121)
  
81 
  
(53)
Underlying profit
  
9 
  
68 
  
(87)
  
25 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
0.19% 
  
1.19% 
      
0.46% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.17% 
  
0.81% 
      
0.36% 

   
As at  30 June 
2012 
  
As at  31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
26.9 
  
27.7 
  
(3)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
– 
  
– 
    
Total customer balances
  
26.9 
  
27.7 
  
(3)
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
9.8 
  
10.6 
  
(8)

 
 
 


 
RETAIL (continued)

Strategic focus
Retail’s goal is to be the UK’s best bank for customers.  We will achieve this by building deep and enduring relationships with our customers that will deliver real value to them, and by continuing to support the UK economy.  We will increase our engagement with our customers by delivering greater choice and flexibility through our multiple brands and channels.  At the same time we will simplify the business to increase our agility and enable us to respond quicker to customers’ needs, and so deliver an improved customer experience.  By further developing our customer insight and gaining a deeper understanding of our customers, we will better align our products and services to our customers’ requirements.  This will increase customer advocacy and we are confident it will also lead to lower customer acquisition costs, greater share of wallet and improved customer retention.

Progress against strategic initiatives

Reshaping the business and strengthening our balance sheet
Retail is building a business that is driven by customers’ needs.  Our current focus is on ensuring our product and service developments are supporting sustainable growth while at the same time maintaining an appropriate risk appetite.

Our drive to build a strong business which effectively supports the UK economy has been helped by recent developments to our mortgage proposition, particularly those supporting first time buyers getting onto the property ladder.  We helped those customers affected by the end of the stamp duty exemption by extending our offer to pay 50 per cent of home mover’s duty fee.  This meant we supported one in four first time buyers with their home purchase in the first half of 2012.  As the leading new-build property mortgage lender, we have launched the NewBuy mortgage proposition to support the Government led initiative, aiming to assist customers with limited deposits to buy a ‘new build’ home.

In order to deliver a solid platform for growth it is critical that we have a strong and stable source of funding.  We have been investing in our savings business to ensure we have differentiated products across our brands that appeal to our customers.  This range includes the Savers’ Prize Draw which we launched in Halifax in October last year.  This has proved very popular with both new and existing Halifax customers, and we have received over 900,000 registrations to date.  We have paid out upwards of £3.5 million in total to more than 6,000 customers who have maintained the minimum qualifying balance of £5,000.  This has helped support both new balance growth, existing customer retention and increased customer advocacy.

Simplifying the Bank
We are taking decisive steps towards becoming a simpler organisation, and Retail is making good progress in this area.  We are getting smarter and more efficient by becoming simpler and delivering improvements which enable us to take decisions quicker and provide a more effective service to our customers.  Our recent integration programme delivered a single banking platform across the vast majority of our brands and channels.  We are investing further in our infrastructure to ensure our systems support the future growth of the business and continue to expand our capabilities.  In the Lloyds TSB branch network we have rolled out over 300 Immediate Deposit Machines which have already seen 1.3 million transactions migrate from the counter.

We have received recognition for our innovative products so far this year, notably Halifax and Bank of Scotland were highly commended as best current account provider by Moneyfacts.  We continue to develop our current account switching service and have recently been the first bank to be awarded a 4 star rating by Defaqto.  The ease and simplicity of our switching service across all brands provides customers with greater choice encouraging multiple product switching.  Since 2010 the switching service has been used by more than one million customers.
 
 
 


 
RETAIL (continued)

Investing in Growth
Alongside the Simplification programme, we are making strategic investments in preparation for growth opportunities. Through our multi-brand and multi-channel strategy we will grow the business by delivering deep and enduring customer relationships.  We are building the capabilities and skills of our colleagues, and helping the communities in which we operate, and Britain as a whole, to grow and prosper.

We are making additional investment in digital channels for customers to ensure they continue to be as convenient and accessible as possible.  These award-winning developments are appealing to customers and in the past year our internet banking user base has grown by 940,000, which takes us to 9 million active users.  Our mobile banking app now has two and half million active users, a remarkable increase since its launch in late 2011, and these users now account for almost 25 per cent of our log-ins.  These developments have been supported by other innovative new services for customers including our Halifax homebuyer app that provides customers with a one-stop shop for their house search.

We continue to recognise the importance of the branch for many customers.  In February 2012 we made a public commitment to maintain the same number of branches for the next three years, including pledging not to close a branch if it is the last in a community.  We have started a significant investment programme across the Lloyds TSB branch network which, we believe, will be transformational.  This programme targets a number of areas including: upgrading branch interiors; extending opening hours to ensure they are customer centric; simplifying the advisor role structure and improving the queuing experience.  Pilots of the revised branch design and structure delivered strong improvements in customer advocacy and new product sales.  By the end of June 2012, 211 branches had already been refitted.

Supporting the UK economy and local communities
We know that our support for households is vital to the strength and prosperity of the UK economy and we continue to make a positive contribution.  In 2012, amongst other investments, the Group has provided around £30 million to the Lloyds TSB and Bank of Scotland Foundations to help fund grassroots charities working in disadvantaged areas.

Through our community investment agenda we aim to make a lasting difference to the country, focusing on key themes such as financial capability and inclusion and supporting local communities and charities.  Our £4 million Money for Life programme helps people across the UK develop vital money management skills, and on the national day of employee volunteering, over 4,500 colleagues used the day to make a difference in their community.  In the year of the Olympic and Paralympic games we were also proud to continue our support for National Schools Sport Week which enabled over 12,000 schools and 4.3 million young people to take part in sporting activity.

Balance sheet progress
Retail continued to maintain its relationships with customers during the first half of 2012 with total customer balances remaining stable at £601.7 billion.  The mix of these balances moved towards customer deposits as customers reduced their personal indebtedness and Retail continued to make strong progress in attracting savings balances through its multi-brand and multi-channel strategy.  This change in customer balance composition has additionally supported the Group’s funding.

Loans and advances to customers decreased by £5.8 billion, or 2 per cent, to £347.0 billion compared to 31 December 2011.  This was driven by reduced customer demand for new credit, existing customers continuing to reduce their personal indebtedness, non-core lending run-off and Retail maintaining a sustainable approach to risk.  The reduction in lending to customers was in part due to the repayment of unsecured debt where balances reduced by £1.1 billion, or 5 per cent.  Secured balances reduced by £4.7 billion, or 1 per cent, of which £0.7 billion was a reduction in non-core mortgage balances.

Retail’s gross mortgage lending was £12.3 billion in the first half of 2012 which was equivalent to an estimated market share of 18 per cent.  During the first half of the year, Retail continued to increase its lending to first time buyers, helping over 25,000 customers buy their first home in the first half of 2012, equivalent to one in every four in the UK.  In addition, Retail continued to focus its new lending on home purchase with over 70 per cent of lending being for house purchase rather than re-mortgaging.
 
 
 


RETAIL (continued)

Risk-weighted assets decreased by £3.0 billion to £100.2 billion compared to 31 December 2011.  This decrease was largely driven by the reduction in lending balances.

Total customer deposits increased by £7.6 billion, or 3 per cent, to £254.7 billion in the first half of 2012.  The solid performance reflected the successful multi-brand customer propositions and the agile pricing strategy that Retail has developed.  Retail continues to perform well in the savings market despite the high levels of competition, with a strong stable of savings brands providing customers with an award-winning range of products to meet their savings needs.

Retail continues to make a significant contribution to Group funding both through customer deposit growth and the supply of assets supporting £68.9 billion of debt securities in external issue.  During the year Retail contributed to £10.7 billion of new issuance.  The majority of these securitisations are backed by mortgages and have a fixed term repayment schedule and as such provide a stable source of funding for the Group.

Financial performance
Despite the subdued economic environment Retail delivered an underlying profit in the first half of 2012 of £1,409 million which was £87 million, or 7 per cent, higher than the first half of 2011.  Retail continued to deliver a strong return on risk-weighted assets delivering a return of 2.79 per cent in the first half of 2012, compared to 2.44 per cent in the first half of 2011.

Total underlying income fell by 10 per cent, to £4,256 million.  This was as a result of the reduced demand for lending, increased funding costs and prior de-risking of the balance sheet.  Retail has taken a number of actions to offset the pressure on income including making strategic investments and re-pricing of selected mortgage portfolios to reflect rising funding costs.

Net interest income decreased by 10 per cent in the first half of 2012, with net interest margin reducing by 12 basis points to 2.02 per cent when compared to the first half of 2011.  Net interest income was particularly constrained by muted demand for lending, previous de-risking of the lending portfolio and increased funding costs including the impact of continued competition for deposits.  Whilst the prior de-risking has suppressed income growth, it also supported an offsetting reduction in impairment charges.

Other operating income decreased by 9 per cent in the first half of 2012 to £766 million, largely as a result of lower Bancassurance income as subdued customer demand reflected the investment market environment.  This business was also affected by preparation for Retail Distribution Review including advisor restructuring.  To support the business in the second half of 2012, new protection products have been launched which are better aligned to customer needs.  The fall in other income was also as a result of reductions in lending product fee income.

Total costs fell by 6 per cent compared to the first half of 2011.  Total costs benefited from the Simplification programme with successful delivery of end-to-end process enhancements, migration of customers to self-service channels and further improvements in purchasing arrangements across Retail.  These Simplification benefits were also supported by other day-to-day cost management activities and, in combination, effectively offset on-going cost inflation and increased investment spend.

Credit performance across the business continued to be strong considering the subdued economic environment and was supported by our sustainable approach to risk, a continued focus on lending to existing customers and low interest rates.  The impairment charge on loans and advances decreased by £415 million, or 35 per cent, to £758 million driven by reductions in the unsecured charge.  The unsecured impairment charge reduced to £585 million from £878 million in the first half of 2011, reflecting the impact of our sustainable approach to risk (resulting in improved new business quality), effective portfolio management and a reduction in unsecured balances.  The secured impairment charge decreased to £173 million from £295 million in the first half of 2011 largely reflecting a reduction in the rate of customers entering arrears and other underlying improvements in the quality of the secured portfolio.  While recent credit performance has been strong Retail remains exposed to the economic environment.
 
 
 


WHOLESALE

 
Key highlights
 
·  
Underlying profit in the first half of 2012 was £14 million, compared to £98 million in the first half of 2011, with a 23 per cent fall in total underlying income broadly offset by a 31 per cent decrease in impairments.
 
·  
Total underlying income decreased by 23 per cent, driven by a decline of 52 per cent in non-core total underlying income, primarily as a result of asset reductions, with a reduction in core total income of 16 per cent reflecting subdued demand and client deleveraging, and higher funding costs.
 
·  
Net interest income decreased by 43 per cent, mainly as a result of the substantial reduction in non-core assets, which decreased 25 per cent, and a decline in net interest margin.  Core net interest income was 27 per cent lower, reflecting subdued demand and client deleveraging.  Net interest margin fell by 35 basis points, due to the impact of higher funding costs, with limited opportunities for asset re-pricing, and the impact of the non-core reduction programme.  Core margin was more resilient, reflecting a more balanced net customer funding position, declining 17 basis points.
 
·  
Other income decreased by 9 per cent, with core other income down by 8 per cent, primarily reflecting a one-off income settlement received in the first half of 2011; excluding this, core other income increased by 3 per cent.  Non-core other income fell 14 per cent, primarily reflecting non-core asset reductions.
 
·  
Total costs were broadly flat, as the benefits of cost management and Simplification initiatives were offset by ongoing investment in core client facing resource and systems.  Core costs rose 2 per cent as a result of this investment, while non-core costs reduced 19 per cent, reflecting the non-core portfolio reduction.
 
·  
The impairment charge decreased by 31 per cent, principally driven by a 73 per cent reduction in the core impairment charge, as a result of lower impairments in Leveraged Acquisition Finance, Corporate and Mid Markets portfolios, where there were specific large impairments in 2011 which have not been repeated in this period.  The non-core impairment charge reduced 15 per cent, driven by lower charges in non-core Leveraged Acquisition Finance exposures.
 
·  
Assets decreased by 19 per cent compared to December 2011, reflecting the targeted reduction in the non-core balance sheet.  Non-core assets fell by 25 per cent reflecting the disposal programme and run-off of non-core lending.  Net lending to core customers (excluding reverse repos) decreased 5 per cent as a result of subdued demand and continued client deleveraging as credit facilities matured and were not renewed by clients.  Risk-weighted assets reduced by 7 per cent.
 
·  
Customer deposits excluding repos decreased by 4 per cent, however excluding the Markets business and pooled positions, Core deposits increased by 6 per cent.
 
·  
In delivering its strategic objectives, Wholesale continued to deepen its relationships with existing core clients through investment in products and capabilities in support of their wider needs.  The Transaction Banking Transformation Programme which was initiated in 2011 continues to improve Wholesale’s cash management, payments and trade offerings, alongside which we are enhancing product capabilities in other areas including Interest Rate Management, Foreign Exchange, Debt Capital Markets and Money Markets.
 
 
 
 

WHOLESALE (continued)

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
554 
  
969 
  
(43)
  
791 
Other income
  
1,261 
  
1,387 
  
(9)
  
899 
Total underlying income
  
1,815 
  
2,356 
  
(23)
  
1,690 
Total costs
  
(808)
  
(816)
  
1 
  
(718)
Impairment
  
(993)
  
(1,442)
  
31 
  
(1,259)
Underlying profit (loss)
  
14 
  
98 
  
(86)
  
(287)
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
1.12% 
  
1.47% 
      
1.29% 
Cost:income ratio
  
44.5% 
  
34.6% 
      
42.5% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
1.52% 
  
1.98% 
      
1.87% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
0.02% 
  
0.11% 
      
(0.36)% 


   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
108.2 
  
116.9 
  
(7)
Reverse repos
  
5.8 
  
16.8 
  
(65)
Loans and advances to customers
  
114.0 
  
133.7 
  
(15)
Loans and advances to banks
  
7.5 
  
8.4 
  
(11)
Debt securities
  
6.4 
  
12.5 
  
(49)
Available-for-sale financial assets
  
7.3 
  
12.6 
  
(42)
   
135.2 
  
167.2 
  
(19)
             
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
81.2 
  
84.3 
  
(4)
Repos
  
4.1 
  
7.1 
  
(42)
Customer deposits
  
85.3 
  
91.4 
  
(7)
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
143.2 
  
154.4 
  
(7)


 
 
 


 
WHOLESALE (continued)

Core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
610 
  
835 
  
(27)
  
766 
Other income
  
991 
  
1,072 
  
(8)
  
723 
Total underlying income
  
1,601 
  
1,907 
  
(16)
  
1,489 
Total costs
  
(718)
  
(705)
  
(2)
  
(622)
Impairment
  
(111)
  
(407)
  
73 
  
(334)
Underlying profit
  
772 
  
795 
  
(3)
  
533 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
1.70% 
  
1.87% 
      
1.91% 
Cost:income ratio
  
44.8% 
  
37.0% 
      
41.8% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.25% 
  
0.96% 
      
0.82% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
1.54% 
  
1.50% 
      
1.04% 


   
As at  30 June 
2012 
  
As at  31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
72.7 
  
76.3 
  
(5)
Reverse repos
  
5.8 
  
16.8 
  
(65)
Loans and advances to customers
  
78.5 
  
93.1 
  
(16)
Loans and advances to banks
  
7.2 
  
8.2 
  
(12)
Debt securities
  
0.2 
  
0.2 
    
Available-for-sale financial assets
  
2.2 
  
3.1 
  
(29)
   
88.1 
  
104.6 
  
(16)
             
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
79.0 
  
81.5 
  
(3)
Repos
  
4.1 
  
7.1 
  
(42)
Customer deposits
  
83.1 
  
88.6 
  
(6)
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
99.8 
  
101.0 
  
(1)

 
 
 


 
WHOLESALE (continued)

Non-core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
(56)
  
134 
      
25 
Other income
  
270 
  
315 
  
(14)
  
176 
Total underlying income
  
214 
  
449 
  
(52)
  
201 
Total costs
  
(90)
  
(111)
  
19 
  
(96)
Impairment
  
(882)
  
(1,035)
  
15 
  
(925)
Underlying loss
  
(758)
  
(697)
  
(9)
  
(820)
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
0.29% 
  
0.92% 
      
0.51% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
3.56% 
  
3.49% 
      
3.51% 


   
As at  30 June 
2012 
  
As at  31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
35.5 
  
40.6 
  
(13)
Reverse repos
  
– 
  
– 
    
Loans and advances to customers
  
35.5 
  
40.6 
  
(13)
Loans and advances to banks
  
0.3 
  
0.3 
    
Debt securities
  
6.2 
  
12.3 
  
(50)
Available-for-sale financial assets
  
5.1 
  
9.4 
  
(46)
   
47.1 
  
62.6 
  
(25)
             
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
2.2 
  
2.8 
  
(21)
Repos
  
– 
  
– 
    
Customer deposits
  
2.2 
  
2.8 
  
(21)
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
43.4 
  
53.4 
  
(19)

 
 
 


 
WHOLESALE (continued)

Strategic focus
Wholesale’s strategy is to be the best bank for Mid-Markets, Corporate and selected Financial Institutions clients, by supporting them with a focused set of value-added product capabilities.  We will continue to strengthen our core client franchise by retaining and deepening recurring, multi-product relationships.  We will build on the deep insight we have into client needs to offer a targeted range of lending, Transaction Banking, Risk Management and Capital-light markets products.  At the same time, Wholesale will also actively reduce its exposure to mono-line product-driven businesses with returns below the cost of capital.

Progress against strategic initiatives

Reshaping the Business
In order to focus resource on core businesses, Wholesale has continued to make substantial progress in reducing its exposure to capital-intensive, non-relationship portfolios and thereby both reduce risk and improve its customer funding position.

In the first half of 2012, Wholesale reduced non-core assets by £15.5 billion, reducing the overall loan to deposit ratio to 133 per cent, down from 139 per cent at end 2011.  Our core lending business continues to have a loan to deposit ratio of less than 100 per cent.

Simplifying the Bank
We have significantly simplified the Wholesale organisational structure to better align and co-ordinate the delivery of our products to match our clients’ needs.  We are making good progress in a number of initiatives to simplify our end-to-end processes to improve efficiency and enhance responsiveness to our clients.

We continually assess our product range to eliminate marginal products and reduce exposure to capital-intensive businesses that are not part of our core client proposition or do not deliver returns above the cost of capital.

Investing in Growth and Supporting the UK Economy
As part of our investment in products to support our core clients, we are continuing to invest in our Transaction Banking capabilities to help UK businesses optimise their cash management and finance their trade flows.  We have enhanced our on-line platform, Arena, with the addition of new features for Commercial and Mid-Corporate clients, including capabilities to view online balances, receive details of transactions, forecast cash flows and carry out analytics across different currencies.  This is bringing clear benefits to our clients and in the first half the number of online clients more than doubled, to over 2,000 accounts.

In the first half of 2012, we supported our UK Corporate clients in raising £7.7 billion of financing in the Debt Capital Markets, enabling them to finance and grow their businesses.  In Foreign Exchange, we increased our client volumes by 21 per cent compared to the same period last year by delivering further improvement in the way we connect electronically with clients, make prices and manage our risk.  We have also improved our rankings in interest rate products, with stronger market penetration, and higher market share and quality scores.

Wholesale attained top 3 and top 20 positions in Investment Grade Corporate Sterling and Corporate Euro debt issuance, with market share increasing by approximately 50 per cent and 120 per cent respectively, and we won the ‘Most Improved Corporate Debt Capital Markets Team’ award at the Euroweek Bond Awards.  In interest rate products Wholesale was rated as number one in a leading professional firm survey of Corporate and Mid-Corporate clients.

The depth and strength of our client relationships was reflected in the award to Wholesale (jointly with Commercial), for the eighth year in a row, of Bank of the Year at the FDs’ Excellence Awards (in association with the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, supported by the CBI).
 
 
 


 
WHOLESALE (continued)

Balance sheet progress
In 2012 Wholesale continued to focus on strengthening and de-risking the balance sheet by reducing non-core assets.  Assets (comprising loans and advances to customers and banks, reverse repos, debt securities and available-for-sale financial assets) reduced by £32.0 billion, or 19 per cent, to £135.2 billion.  This reflected deleveraging by core clients, lower reverse repos, and continued active de-risking of the non-core asset portfolio.  The non-core asset reduction was £15.5 billion, or 25 per cent, driven by a reduction of treasury assets of £10.6 billion.

Loans and advances to core customers excluding reverse repos reduced by £3.6 billion, or 5 per cent, to £72.7 billion as demand for new corporate lending and refinancing of existing facilities was more than offset by the level of maturities, reflecting a continued trend of subdued corporate lending demand and client deleveraging as credit facilities matured and were not renewed by clients.

Reverse repos form part of the Group’s on balance sheet primary liquidity assets portfolio.  The mix of this portfolio is managed in order to optimise returns; the decrease of £11.0 billion is offset by increases within other primary liquidity asset classes.  (See page 98 for the composition of Primary Liquid Assets).

Available-for-sale financial assets balances reduced by £5.3 billion, or 42 per cent, to £7.3 billion and debt securities by £6.1 billion, or 49 per cent, to £6.4 billion.  This was largely driven by the reduction in the non-core balance sheet through treasury and other asset sales or not replenishing holdings after amortisations and maturities.

In total, customer deposits excluding repos decreased by 4 per cent to £81.2 billion primarily due to customer deposits on the core book decreasing by 3 per cent to £79.0 billion.  Within this, the mix of customer deposits has changed in the half year. Excluding a reduction in deposit flows in our Markets business and ‘pooled’ positions within Transaction Banking (which show an equal and opposite asset impact), there was an increase of 6 per cent in other core deposit portfolios.

Risk-weighted assets decreased by £11.2 billion, or 7 per cent, to £143.2 billion, primarily reflecting balance sheet reductions including treasury asset sales and run-down in other non-core asset portfolios, as well as the impact of subdued corporate lending.  Non-core risk-weighted assets represent £10.0 billion, or 89 per cent, of this reduction.

Financial performance
Underlying profit was £14 million compared to £98 million in the first half of 2011.  A reduction of £541 million in total income was broadly offset by a significant decrease in the impairment charge which reduced by £449 million to £993 million.

Core underlying profit was £772 million, £23 million below the first half of 2011, with lower income primarily as a result of client deleveraging being broadly offset by a significant reduction in core impairments.  The non-core underlying loss was £758 million, or £61 million more than the prior half year, with cost and impairment reductions only partially offsetting lower income.

Total underlying income decreased by £541 million to £1,815 million, mainly driven by a decrease in net interest income.  This reflected the loss of income from the significant reduction in non-core assets, lower lending volumes as a result of subdued client demand and the continuing trend of client deleveraging, and a decrease in margin reflecting higher wholesale funding costs.
 
 
 


 
WHOLESALE (continued)

Core income was £1,601 million, or £306 million below the first half of 2011, reflecting subdued demand and client deleveraging which resulted in lower lending balances, higher wholesale funding costs and in other income the impact of a non-recurring one-off settlement.  This more than offset a strong performance in our Markets business, particularly in the Sales, Credit Trading, Swaps Trading, and Money Markets areas.  Transaction Banking income was up 16 per cent driven by increased payments revenues and an improved trade offering, while in Capital Markets income in Debt Capital Markets (DCM) bond syndication increased 38 per cent driven by increased investor activity and growth in market share, though this was offset by overall subdued demand in loan syndication.  Non-core income decreased to £214 million, or £235 million lower than in the first half of 2011, given significant asset reductions.

Banking net interest income, which excludes trading activity, decreased by £318 million to £611 million as a result of reduced balances, mainly reflecting the substantial reduction in non-core assets and the decline in net interest margin as a result of higher funding costs.  Total net interest income decreased by £415 million, or 43 per cent, to £554 million, and was impacted by income losses on the non-core non-banking book from low interest bearing assets, not capable of covering their funding costs.

Banking net interest margin decreased by 35 basis points to 1.12 per cent, as asset margins decreased as a result of higher wholesale funding costs, the effect of which was partly offset by higher deposit values. The core banking margin was more resilient, reflecting a balanced funding position, decreasing of 17 basis points to 1.70 per cent.  The non-core banking margin, which is predominantly asset based, decreased by 63 basis points to 0.29 per cent, largely as a result of higher wholesale funding costs.

Other income decreased by £126 million, or 9 per cent, to £1,261 million, mainly reflecting a non-recurring settlement received in 2011 associated with a sizeable financial services company failure.  Excluding this, other core income increased by 3 per cent in a challenging environment, due to a stronger performance in our Markets business.  Non-core other income fell 14 per cent, primarily reflecting non-core asset reductions.

Total costs were broadly flat, decreasing by £8 million, or 1 per cent, to £808 million.  This reflects a continued focus on cost management including savings attributable to the Simplification programme and the reduction in non-core assets, offset by continued investment in client facing resources.  Core costs rose 2 per cent, primarily as a result of this investment, while non-core costs reduced 19 per cent, reflecting the non-core portfolio reduction.

The impairment charge decreased £449 million, or 31 per cent, to £993 million, principally driven by a 73 per cent reduction in the core impairment charge, primarily as a result of lower impairments in leveraged acquisition finance, Corporate and Mid Markets portfolios, where there were specific large impairments in 2011 which have not been repeated in this period.  The non-core impairment charge reduced 15 per cent, driven by lower charges in non-core leveraged acquisition finance exposures.

Impairment charges have decreased substantially compared with 2011 due to robust and proactive risk management, an appropriately impaired portfolio (against our current economic assumptions), and a low interest rate environment helping to maintain defaults at lower levels.  Impairment charges as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers reduced to 1.52 per cent from 1.98 per cent in the first half of 2011.
 
 
 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
 

 
 
 
 


 
COMMERCIAL

 
 
Key highlights
 
·  
Underlying profit has increased £44 million or 21 per cent to £255 million, compared to the first half of 2011, with a reduction in total income more than offset by substantial reductions in costs and impairments.  The return on risk-weighted assets was 2.03 per cent compared with 1.59 per cent in 2011.
 
·  
Total income decreased by 5 per cent to £797 million, with an increase in funding costs more than offsetting the benefit of increased business volumes.
 
·  
Net interest income reduced by 7 per cent to £587 million, with income from increased core lending offset by higher wholesale funding costs, and non-core asset reductions.  Customer income (excluding wholesale funding costs) increased by 2 per cent largely due to the successful growth in term lending and current account products.
 
·  
Other income increased by 1 per cent to £210 million, driven by an overall increase in business activity levels.
 
·  
Total costs reduced by 8 per cent, primarily as a result of enhanced cost management, and Simplification savings.
 
·  
The impairment charge reduced by 32 per cent to £109 million, reflecting the continued benefits of the low interest rate environment and the ongoing application of our prudent risk appetite.  The quality of our new business remains good.
 
·  
Core loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos increased by 4 per cent year-on-year (3 per cent compared to December 2011) against a contracting market, underlining our commitment to supporting Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), whilst non-core assets fell by 29 per cent year-on-year to £1.2 billion.
 
·  
Customer deposits excluding repos grew by 2 per cent year-on-year (4 per cent compared to December 2011), reflecting our ongoing success in attracting new SME customers and current accounts from existing customers.
 
·  
In delivering its strategic objectives, Commercial has focused on strengthening its customer relationships and supporting SMEs through the difficult trading conditions by further developing its understanding and support of individual business requirements.  This is demonstrated by the following:
 
·  
Gross new lending to SMEs is on track to exceed our £12 billion full year target and we have now increased this commitment by £1 billion given the benefit of the UK Government’s Funding for Lending Scheme.
 
·  
SME net lending grew 4 per cent year-on-year against a continued market contraction of 4 per cent.
 
·  
We supported over 64,000 start ups in the first half of the year towards commitment to support at least 100,000 in 2012.
 
·  
Supporting customers through responsible lending, and creating sustainable returns for shareholders with improving credit quality, balance sheet funding and RWA use.
 
·  
Over 10 per cent increase in cross-sales of Wealth Management, Retail, Insurance, Fleet Hire, and Treasury products allowing SME customers to fulfil all their financial needs through collective Group product offerings.
 
 
 
 

COMMERCIAL (continued)

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
587 
  
634 
  
(7)
  
617 
Other income
  
210 
  
208 
  
1 
  
218 
Total underlying income
  
797 
  
842 
  
(5)
  
835 
Total costs
  
(433)
  
(471)
  
8 
  
(477)
Impairment
  
(109)
  
(160)
  
32 
  
(143)
Underlying profit
  
255 
  
211 
  
21 
  
215 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
3.98% 
  
4.27% 
      
4.15% 
Cost:income ratio
  
54.3% 
  
55.9% 
      
57.1% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.72% 
  
1.07% 
      
1.04% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.03% 
  
1.59% 
      
1.65% 


   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
29.3 
  
28.8 
  
2 
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
33.5 
  
32.1 
  
4 
Total customer balances
  
62.8 
  
60.9 
  
3 
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
24.9 
  
25.4 
  
(2)


 
 
 


COMMERCIAL (continued)

Core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
582 
  
619 
  
(6)
  
610 
Other income
  
210 
  
207 
  
1 
  
218 
Total underlying income
  
792 
  
826 
  
(4)
  
828 
Total costs
  
(430)
  
(468)
  
8 
  
(474)
Impairment
  
(116)
  
(160)
  
28 
  
(136)
Underlying profit
  
246 
  
198 
  
24 
  
218 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
4.13% 
  
4.39% 
      
4.34% 
Cost:income ratio
  
54.3% 
  
56.7% 
      
57.2% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.80% 
  
1.14% 
      
1.05% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.08% 
  
1.61% 
      
1.78% 

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
28.1 
  
27.4 
  
3 
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
33.2 
  
31.8 
  
4 
Total customer balances
  
61.3 
  
59.2 
  
4 
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
23.7 
  
23.8 
    

Non-core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
5 
  
15 
  
(67)
  
7 
Other income
  
– 
  
1 
      
– 
Total underlying income
  
5 
  
16 
  
(69)
  
7 
Total costs
  
(3)
  
(3)
      
(3)
Impairment
  
7 
  
– 
      
(7)
Underlying profit (loss)
  
9 
  
13 
  
(31)
  
(3)
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
0.77% 
  
2.01% 
      
0.80% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
(1.15)% 
  
– 
      
0.92% 

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
1.2 
  
1.4 
  
(14)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
0.3 
  
0.3 
    
Total customer balances
  
1.5 
  
1.7 
  
(12)
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
1.2 
  
1.6 
  
(25)


 
 
 


 
COMMERCIAL (continued)

Strategic focus
Commercial’s goal is to be the best bank for small and medium sized businesses.  Commercial’s main strategic focus is to improve the depth of relationship with SMEs through specialist customer propositions in key markets.  This is achieved by leveraging strong relationship management skills, focusing on meeting the broader financial services needs of SME customers, and by optimising customer service through efficiencies that also contribute to cost effectiveness targets.  Commercial is also improving accessibility and functionality of new digital channels promoted through Group support for a major national initiative, ‘Go On UK’ to transform the UK into the most digitally capable country in the world.  Commercial is actively promoting digital products as well as providing expert guidance to customers on how to use digital to optimise their prospects for growth.

Reshaping the Business and Strengthening the Balance Sheet
The business is focused on improving its offerings to customers, leveraging wider Group capabilities, and supporting SMEs through the cycle to help them prosper and develop.  This is being achieved through continued investment in our Relationship Managers, supported by product and system development aligning to customers’ wider financial needs.  For example in the first half of 2012 we launched a specialist manufacturing proposition with over 100 Relationship Managers trained through a programme designed with the Engineering Employers’ Federation and Manufacturing Technologies Association at the University of Warwick, Lloyds TSB also sponsored MACH 2012, the UK’s premiere manufacturing technologies event, which saw over 20,000 visitors.

Supporting the full range of customer needs continued to result in deposit and lending growth, strengthening the balance sheet, while driving gross customer income growth.  Work with Group partners to leverage their products and expertise to drive value for SMEs has delivered an increase of over 10 per cent in referrals and needs met for customers compared to 2011.

In addition, the benefit of close relationship support through the cycle is evidenced in the improvement in portfolio quality while risk-weighted assets have reduced in the context of increased lending, reflecting the improvement in risk profiles as well as the higher mix of secured lending in the book.

Simplifying the Bank
Commercial has made further progress with Simplification, enabling investments to be applied across brands that share a single banking platform.  Simpler organisational structures and processes have been delivered which have additionally resulted in lower back office staffing requirements.

The customer benefits arising from Simplification are important and significant progress has been made in simplifying the lending process.  A successful pilot of the new process has halved the time taken to complete lending transactions to customers and we expect to have fully implemented the new process by the end of 2012.  Our simple and transparent approach is also attractive to customers, as evidenced by over 65,000 customers who have now signed up to the ground-breaking Monthly Price Plan tariffs that provide certainty and control over bank charges, an increase of over 35,000 since the start of the year.
 
 
 


 
COMMERCIAL (continued)

Investing in Growth and Supporting the UK Economy
SMEs are a strategic priority reflecting the Group’s commitment to the sector, the competitive advantage of the Group’s distribution strengths and relationship expertise, and the potential to offer a wide range of products from across the Group.

Commercial’s commitments to customers are set out in our SME Charter, which has been refreshed and extended in this half year to encourage enterprise, provide clear and fair pricing, access to finance and support for communities.  This will be supported by at least 200 substantial customer networking events which have proved to be a key platform for recruitment and customer support.

In support of the SME sector, the Group has committed to make available £12 billion of gross lending in 2012 through the core Commercial business.  We are on track to exceed our £12 billion full year target and we have now increased this commitment by £1 billion given the benefit of the UK Government’s Funding for Lending Scheme.Commercial’s core net lending balance growth of 4 per cent compared favourably with the 4 per cent contraction of SME lending across the industry reported by the Bank of England.

Through the National Loan Guarantee Scheme, Lloyds TSB Bank plc issued £1.4 billion of senior unsecured debt guaranteed by the UK Government.  The scheme enhances the terms of finance raised by Lloyds TSB Bank plc, thereby improving the terms of loans so that SME demand for borrowing is stimulated, providing all eligible customers with a 1 per cent discount on their funding rate for a certain period of time.

Building on its Best for Business campaign, Lloyds TSB Commercial in partnership with the Guardian newspaper, launched the Guardian ‘Small Business Network’ in June.  Commercial customers will benefit from this partnership by enabling them to share best practice tips and innovative thinking, accessing insight and guidance from business experts, taking part in live question and answer discussions, and the chance to be profiled in the Guardian.

The Commercial Finance business, which provides asset backed lending to SMEs, has continued to increase support and funding to UK businesses.  Invoice Finance client numbers increased 3 per cent and Equipment Financing (Hire Purchase) increased 5 per cent in the first half of the year.

Commercial encourages enterprise by helping people start in business and has supported over 64,000 start up businesses already in 2012 making a total of over 292,000 towards our three year commitment to help 300,000 businesses.  More than 300 members of Lloyds Banking Group’s staff are now trained as mentors to businesses from pre-start up to growth and social enterprise.

Awards
In demonstration of our commitment to supporting the community Commercial were awarded Bank of the Year for an unprecedented Eighth year at the FDs’ Excellence Awards (joint with Wholesale) and best charity account provider for the second year in succession from Business Moneyfacts.  Arena, Lloyds Bank’s e-solution, has also won the award for ‘Best Innovation in the SME Finance Sector’ at the Business Moneyfacts Awards 2012.
 
 
 


 
COMMERCIAL (continued)

Balance sheet progress
Loans and advances to customers were £29.3 billion, an increase of £0.5 billion compared to 31 December 2011.  Core lending grew 4 per cent year-on-year, reflecting our commitment to support SME customers through developing an integrated SME proposition.  The reduction in non-core assets was more than offset by the increase in core term lending, backed by significant promotional support which included running over 100 customer events in the first half of 2012.

Commercial’s risk-weighted assets decreased by £0.5 billion to £24.9 billion compared to December 2011 and reduced by £1.9 billion since 30 June 2011.  Our improvement in risk profiles reflects the decrease in risk-weighted assets compared to an overall increase in lending since year end.

Customer deposits increased 4 per cent to £33.5 billion reflecting our continued achievement in attracting new customers particularly through our current account range.

Financial performance
Underlying profit was £255 million compared to a profit of £211 million, an increase of 21 per cent against the comparable period in 2011 with lower income more than offset by reductions in both costs and impairments.

Total income decreased by 5 per cent to £797 million, with a 2 per cent rise in income relating to increased business volumes being offset by increased funding costs.

Net interest income was 7 per cent lower in the first half of 2012 despite a 2 per cent increase in core lending income as higher funding costs resulted in a 29 bps reduction to banking net interest margin.

Other operating income was 1 per cent or £2 million higher, driven by an overall increase in business activity levels.

Total costs have continued to be well controlled and decreased by £38 million, or 8 per cent, primarily through successful delivery of Simplification initiatives, including back office staffing requirements.

Impairment decreased £51 million, 32 per cent, due to an overall improvement in the credit quality of the portfolio through continued application of a prudent risk appetite with the continued benefits of the low interest rate environment helping to maintain defaults at a lower level.  Impairment charges as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers has reduced by 35 basis points to 0.72 per cent compared to the first half of 2011.
 
 
 


WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL

 
Key highlights
 
·  
Underlying loss decreased 52 per cent to £995 million, driven by a continued reduction in impairments and costs partly offset by a fall in non-core income as a result of the focus on non-core balance sheet reduction.
 
·  
Within the Wealth business, underlying profit increased by 17per cent to £176 million against a background of difficult investment markets, reflecting strong deposit growth and simplification of our business model.
 
·  
Total underlying income decreased by 21 per cent to £1,479 million.
 
·  
Net interest income was 30 per cent lower, primarily reflecting lower lending volumes in our International and Asset Finance non-core businesses where we have continued to focus on asset and risk reduction and, where appropriate, disposals.
 
·  
Banking net interest margin was 19 basis points lower at 1.45 per cent, driven by higher funding costs and asset mix partly offset by higher deposit balances.  Average interest earning assets have reduced by 19 per cent to £60.5 billion.  In our core business, banking net interest margin increased by 58 basis points driven by the benefit from the continued inflow of deposits since the year-end and good management of asset margins.
 
·  
Other income decreased by 16 per cent to £1,031 million, largely as a result of lower operating lease assets in the non-core motor and specialist asset finance portfolios, and lower management fees in the Wealth business due to subdued investment markets.
 
·  
Total costs decreased by 9per cent to £1,177 million (10 per cent excluding operating lease depreciation) as we continue to benefit from the simplification of our business model and despite significant investment in our core Wealth businesses.
 
·  
The impairment charge reduced by 51per cent to £1,297 million, continuing the trend of slowing rate of impaired loan migration.  The coverage ratio increased from 60.6 per cent to 65.5 per cent reflecting further provisions in the year, particularly in our non-core Irish and European wholesale businesses.
 
·  
Net loans and advances to customers, excluding reverse repos, decreased by 13 per cent, largely driven by de-risking of the balance sheet through reducing non-core assets.  Risk-weighted assets decreased by 9 per cent, reflecting lower asset balances and additional impairment provisions, particularly in International.
 
·  
Customer deposits grew by 18 per cent (or 36 per cent on an annualised basis), primarily due to continued strong inflows within both the UK and International Wealth businesses together with further growth in our international on-line deposit business.
 
·  
In delivering its strategic objectives, Wealth demonstrated continued strength in client acquisition through the UK franchise with a 3 per cent increase in the number of clients in the affluent proposition.  We have made material progress on simplifying our international footprint, having now announced the disposal of or exit from ten countries. In addition during the first half of 2012, we have announced a reduced presence in a further three locations.  Corporate lending has been refocused around selected customers aligned to UK product and sector plans and the Group's international risk appetite.  International is contributing to a strengthening of the Group’s balance sheet through a significant and managed run-down of non-core assets together with diversification of sources of funding through international deposits.  In Asset Finance, we are the number one in vehicle and leasing markets supporting the key SME and Corporate segments and we have completed the disposal of, or closed to new business those parts of the portfolio which are outside of our risk appetite.
 
 
 
 

·  
  
 
WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
448 
  
642 
  
(30)
  
542 
Other income
  
1,031 
  
1,221 
  
(16)
  
1,103 
Total underlying income
  
1,479 
  
1,863 
  
(21)
  
1,645 
Total costs
  
(1,177)
  
(1,288)
  
9 
  
(1,244)
Impairment
  
(1,297)
  
(2,647)
  
51 
  
(2,163)
Underlying loss
  
(995)
  
(2,072)
  
52 
  
(1,762)
                 
Wealth
  
176 
  
151 
  
17 
  
136 
International
  
(1,342)
  
(2,393)
  
44 
  
(2,024)
Asset Finance
  
171 
  
170 
  
1 
  
126 
Underlying loss
  
(995)
  
(2,072)
  
52 
  
(1,762)
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
1.45% 
  
1.64% 
      
1.52% 
Cost:income ratio
  
79.6% 
  
69.1% 
      
75.6% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
4.31% 
  
7.21% 
      
6.28% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
(3.68)% 
  
(6.05)% 
      
(5.89)% 


   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet and other items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
43.9 
  
50.2 
  
(13)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
49.7 
  
42.0 
  
18 
Total customer balances
  
93.6 
  
92.2 
  
2 
             
Operating lease assets
  
2.7 
  
2.7 
    
Funds under management
  
181.5 
  
182.0 
    
Risk-weighted assets
  
51.5 
  
56.7 
  
(9)


 
 
 


 
WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

Core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
160 
  
159 
  
1 
  
150 
Other income
  
963 
  
1,004 
  
(4)
  
996 
Total underlying income
  
1,123 
  
1,163 
  
(3)
  
1,146 
Total costs
  
(914)
  
(953)
  
4 
  
(954)
Impairment
  
(16)
  
(17)
  
6 
  
(34)
Underlying profit
  
193 
  
193 
      
158 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
3.90% 
  
3.32% 
      
3.47% 
Cost:income ratio
  
81.4% 
  
81.9% 
      
83.2% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.39% 
  
0.41% 
      
0.82% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
3.02% 
  
2.83% 
      
2.36% 


   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet and other items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
7.4 
  
8.1 
  
(9)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
49.0 
  
40.7 
  
20 
Total customer balances
  
56.4 
  
48.8 
  
16 
             
Operating lease assets
  
2.6 
  
2.6 
    
Funds under management
  
181.1 
  
181.6 
    
Risk-weighted assets
  
12.5 
  
13.5 
  
(7)


 
 
 


 
WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

Non-core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
288 
  
483 
  
(40)
  
392 
Other income
  
68 
  
217 
  
(69)
  
107 
Total underlying income
  
356 
  
700 
  
(49)
  
499 
Total costs
  
(263)
  
(335)
  
21 
  
(290)
Impairment
  
(1,281)
  
(2,630)
  
51 
  
(2,129)
Underlying loss
  
(1,188)
  
(2,265)
  
48 
  
(1,920)
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
1.08% 
  
1.41% 
      
1.24% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
4.91% 
  
8.11% 
      
7.03% 


   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet and other items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
36.5 
  
42.1 
  
(13)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
0.7 
  
1.3 
  
(46)
Total customer balances
  
37.2 
  
43.4 
  
(14)
             
Operating lease assets
  
0.1 
  
0.1 
    
Funds under management
  
0.4 
  
0.4 
    
Risk-weighted assets
  
39.0 
  
43.2 
  
(10)


 
 
 


 
WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

Strategic focus
Wealth provides strong growth opportunities for the Group and through deepening the relationships with existing Group clients alongside targeted customer acquisition, its goal is to be recognised as the primary Wealth advisor to UK mass affluent, affluent and high net worth customers together with UK expatriates and others with UK connections.  We aim to increase our market share in UK and International Wealth primarily through growing the amount of customer deposits and funds under management that we manage on behalf of franchise customers, whilst improving margins and operating efficiency.

In the International businesses, the priority is to maximise value in the medium term.  The immediate focus is on close management of the balance sheet.  We are contributing to a strengthening of the Group's balance sheet through a significant and managed run-down of non-core assets together with increasing and diversifying our funding through international deposit gathering.  At the same time, International is delivering operational efficiencies and rightsizing its cost base to fit its reshaped business models.

In Asset Finance, we have refocused the business into sectors which fit our risk appetite and profitability and are looking to deliver focused, profitable growth while completing the run-down or disposal of the closed to new business portfolios.

Progress against strategic initiatives

Reshaping the Business and Strengthening the Balance Sheet
Focus remains on maximising value and aligning with the Group’s risk appetite through close management of the lending portfolio, continuing disciplined reduction of non-core assets, diversifying sources of funding and rationalisation of our international presence.

We have further reduced non-core loans and advances to customers, excluding reverse repos, by £5.6 billion in the first half of 2012 through a mixture of repayments and selected asset disposals (in addition to foreign exchange and impairment effects as outlined below).  This reduction includes the sale of £0.8 billion (gross) of Australian corporate real estate loans, which further de-risks the Australian business and has resulted in a cumulative 92 per cent reduction of the real estate non-performing portfolio.  It also includes the impact of a £0.3 billion (gross) asset reduction in Ireland in respect of a successful disposal of a portfolio of Wholesale assets.

Our international on-line deposit business continued to grow strongly with customer balances as at June 2012 of £19.8 billion, an increase of £6.0 billion.  Overall, the Wealth, Asset Finance and International businesses have become a significant contributor to the Group's funding with a 20 per cent deposit growth across the UK and International Wealth businesses as well as in International online deposits.  The division has also made good progress towards reducing its International presence with a further three closures and disposals announced bringing the total to ten and achieving two thirds of our target to halve our international footprint.

Simplifying the Bank
The Simplification initiative is well underway, the focus of which is on simplifying operations and processes, delayering management structures, consolidating supplier relationships and increasing the efficiency of distribution channels.  Wealth, Asset Finance and International is in the process of realising additional efficiencies and cost savings through its initiatives to streamline operating models, create a shared support infrastructure and develop a single customer platform across all International Wealth businesses.

Investing in Growth and Supporting the UK Economy
The division will focus on serving customers both within the UK and also those with UK connections.  In International, corporate lending has been refocused around selected customers aligned to UK product and sector plans and the Group's international risk appetite.  In Wealth, the focus of propositions will be within the existing UK customer franchise in addition to customers with UK connections in Commonwealth countries, Europe, Middle East, and on the Indian Subcontinent.
 
 
 


 
WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

The division is investing significantly in UK and International Wealth to grow market share in what is viewed as a key growth opportunity for the Group.  The investment is geared towards developing compelling propositions for affluent and high net worth customers.  Underpinning this, we are consolidating our platforms and simplifying the operating model which together with the creation of compelling products will deliver a better customer experience in a more efficient manner, thereby improving customer onboarding, retention and value capture through cross sales.

Balance sheet progress
Net loans and advances to customers decreased by £6.3 billion to £43.9 billion as we continued to focus management action on de-risking the balance sheet.  The reduction of £6.3 billion reflects net repayments (including asset sales) of £5.0 billion, additional impairment provisions mainly within the International businesses, and foreign exchange movements of £1.0 billion.

Risk-weighted assets decreased by £5.2 billion to £51.5 billion, reflecting lower asset balances and increased impairment provisions, particularly in the non-core portfolios, together with improved use of collateral across all businesses.

Customer deposits increased by £7.7 billion to £49.7 billion mainly due to continued strong deposit inflows in the International deposit businesses.

Financial performance
From 2012 we have made a small number of changes to our segmental reporting to reflect changes in management responsibilities and to align more closely to our strategic objectives.  The primary changes are to report Asset Finance as part of Wealth, Asset Finance and International rather than Wholesale division and to redefine the Wealth and International segments so that Wealth encompasses only our UK and International Wealth businesses, SWIP and St. James' Place.  Prior year segment comparatives have been restated and there is no impact on overall Group results.

Underlying loss before tax reduced by 52 per cent to £995 million primarily due to a £1,350 million reduction in impairments and lower expenses but partially offset by a fall in non-core income as a result of the balance sheet reduction.

Within the core business, underlying profit remained flat at £193 million as lower income, which reduced by 3 per cent largely as a result of lower income from fund management as investment markets remained subdued in the first half of 2012 was offset by a reduction in costs.  Core costs reduced by 4 per cent to £914 million largely as a result of the impact of one off regulatory costs in the prior year and strong cost management across all our businesses.

Underlying non-core loss reduced by 48 per cent to £1,188 million driven by a continued reduction in impairments and costs partly offset by a fall in non-core income as a result of the focus on non-core balance sheet reduction.

Net interest income decreased by 30 per cent, or 31 per cent in constant currency terms.  This was entirely driven by the non-core business, with higher funding costs and the increased strain of impaired assets, reflected in a 31 per cent reduction in net lending margins together with lower lending volumes due to the managed run-off of selected International and Asset Finance portfolios.  This was partially offset by the impact of continued deposit inflows in the core International deposit business together with improving volumes and margins across the core Wealth businesses.

Other income decreased by 16 per cent, mainly due to lower operating lease assets in the non-core motor and specialist asset finance portfolios, and the impact of subdued investment markets on the Wealth businesses.

Total costs decreased by 9 per cent (10 per cent excluding operating lease depreciation).  This reflected our continued focus on simplifying our business model and reducing our international footprint.  This cost reduction was achieved despite increased demand on the business through an 18 per cent increase in customer deposits.  The cost:income ratio (treating operating lease depreciation as negative income) was 73.2 per cent.

The impairment charge reduced by 51 per cent to £1,297 million largely as a result of lower charges in the wholesale Irish and Australian businesses.  The rate of increase in newly impaired loans in Ireland has slowed through the second half of 2011 and the first half of 2012.
 
 
 


WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

Wealth
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
181 
  
149 
  
21 
  
172 
Other income
  
448 
  
474 
  
(5)
  
460 
Total underlying income
  
629 
  
623 
  
1 
  
632 
Total costs
  
(445)
  
(457)
  
3 
  
(478)
Impairment
  
(8)
  
(15)
  
47 
  
(18)
Underlying profit
  
176 
  
151 
  
17 
  
136 
                 
Cost:income ratio
  
70.7% 
  
73.4% 
      
75.6% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.32% 
  
0.60% 
      
0.73% 


   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet and other items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
4.5 
  
4.8 
  
(6)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
28.2 
  
26.2 
  
8 
Total customer balances
  
32.7 
  
31.0 
  
5 
             
Funds under management
  
180.9 
  
180.8 
    
Risk-weighted assets
  
5.5 
  
5.7 
  
(4)

In Wealth, our key focus has been to grow our market share in UK and International Wealth primarily through growing the total amount of deposits and funds under management that we manage on behalf of franchise customers, whilst improving margins and operating efficiency.  Funds under management increased by £0.1 billion at £180.9 billion, reflecting a shift of customer appetite away from investment products towards deposits.

Underlying profit before tax increased by 17 per cent to £176 million driven by a combination of increased income and better operating efficiency.

Total income increased by 1 per cent to £629 million, reflecting strong deposit growth of £2.0 billion, or 8 per cent in the year (approximately 16 per cent annualised), and margins partially offset by lower income from fund management as investment markets remained subdued in the first half of 2012.

Total costs decreased by 3 per cent to £445 million driven by benefits from cost saving initiatives across the Wealth businesses as part of the Simplification programme and despite significant investment in the Wealth business in the first half of the year.
 
 
 


WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

Funds under management
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
30 June 
2011 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
             
Scottish Widows Investment Partnership (SWIP)
            
Internal
  
117.0 
  
120.7 
  
116.8 
External
  
21.3 
  
26.7 
  
23.1 
   
138.3 
  
147.4 
  
139.9 
Other Wealth:
            
St James’s Place
  
30.9 
  
29.1 
  
28.5 
Invista Real Estate
  
0.2 
  
2.5 
  
0.8 
Private and International Banking
  
12.1 
  
14.3 
  
12.8 
Closing funds under management
  
181.5 
  
193.3 
  
182.0 
             
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
             
Opening funds under management
  
182.0 
  
192.0 
  
193.3 
Inflows:
            
SWIP             – internal
  
0.4 
  
1.0 
  
1.7 
– external
  
0.8 
  
0.7 
  
0.8 
Other
  
3.4 
  
3.8 
  
4.7 
   
4.6 
  
5.5 
  
7.2 
Outflows:
            
SWIP             – internal
  
(2.5)
  
(4.4)
  
(0.1)
– external
  
(2.7)
  
(1.8)
  
(3.5)
Other
  
(3.2)
  
(2.1)
  
(8.0)
   
(8.4)
  
(8.3)
  
(11.6)
Investment return, expenses and commission
  
3.3 
  
4.1 
  
(6.9)
Net operating (decrease) increase in funds
  
(0.5)
  
1.3 
  
(11.3)
Closing funds under management
  
181.5 
  
193.3 
  
182.0 

Funds under management reduced by £0.5 billion to £181.5 billion.  Net outflows of £3.8 billion reflect expected attrition on insurance funds within SWIP, the market backdrop and a shift in customer investments in our Wealth businesses away from funds towards Wealth and Retail deposits.
 
 
 

WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

International
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
114 
  
302 
  
(62)
  
205 
Other income
  
57 
  
157 
  
(64)
  
109 
Total underlying income
  
171 
  
459 
  
(63)
  
314 
Total costs
  
(278)
  
(335)
  
17 
  
(278)
Impairment
  
(1,235)
  
(2,517)
  
51 
  
(2,060)
Underlying loss
  
(1,342)
  
(2,393)
  
44 
  
(2,024)
                 
Cost:income ratio
  
162.6% 
  
73.0% 
      
88.5% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
5.07% 
  
8.51% 
      
7.36% 


   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet and other items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
33.8 
  
39.0 
  
(13)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
21.5 
  
15.8 
  
36 
Total customer balances
  
55.3 
  
54.8 
  
1 
             
Funds under management
  
0.6 
  
1.2 
    
Risk-weighted assets
  
37.9 
  
41.6 
  
(9)

Balance sheet progress
Within International, our key focus has been to strengthen the balance sheet through material and targeted reductions in non-core assets and diversifying sources of funding through international deposit raising.

Net loans and advances to customers decreased by £5.2 billion or 13 per cent, to £33.8 billion due to net repayments of £4.0 billion across all businesses (including the sale of £0.8 billion (gross) of Australia corporate real estate loans), further impairment provisions and foreign exchange movements of £1.0 billion.  The division is focused on de-risking and right-sizing the balance sheet, focusing on key Group relationships, as well as reducing concentrations in Commercial Real Estate.

Risk-weighted assets decreased by £3.7 billion, or 9 per cent, to £37.9 billion reflecting lower asset balances and further impairment provisions, improved use of collateral and foreign exchange rate movements.  This is partly offset by an increase in risk-weighted assets to cover further deterioration in the Irish housing market and other credit risk model changes which impact risk-weighted assets.

Customer deposits increased by £5.7 billion, or 36 per cent, to £21.5 billion driven by continued strong performance within our International deposit business.
 
 
 


 
WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

Financial performance
Underlying loss reduced by £1,051 million to £1,342 million as a result of a lower impairment charge, mainly reflecting a reduction of £882 million in Ireland and £383 million in Australia.  This improvement was partially offset by a fall in total income which decreased by 63 per cent, but was 53 per cent lower in constant currency terms, reflecting lower interest-earning assets (which have reduced by 16 per cent since December 2011 and by 19 per cent over the last 12 months) and the increased strain of lost earnings on higher impaired assets.

Total costs reduced by 17 per cent, or 18 per cent on constant currency terms, reflecting cost saving initiatives across the International business, partly offset by the continued investment in the International deposit business.

The impairment charge and loans and advances to customers are summarised by key geography in the following table.

   
Impairment charges
  
Loans and advances
to customers
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
  
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                     
Ireland wholesale
  
832 
  
1,539 
  
1,137 
  
6.9 
  
8.7 
Ireland retail
  
65 
  
240 
  
271 
  
5.6 
  
6.0 
Australia
  
203 
  
586 
  
448 
  
6.9 
  
8.1 
Wholesale Europe
  
111 
  
111 
  
93 
  
4.8 
  
5.9 
Latin America/Middle East
  
– 
  
24 
  
41 
  
0.2 
  
0.4 
Netherlands (retail)
  
6 
  
4 
  
17 
  
5.8 
  
6.2 
Spain (retail)
  
12 
  
11 
  
48 
  
1.5 
  
1.5 
Asia (retail)
  
6 
  
2 
  
5 
  
2.1 
  
2.2 
   
1,235 
  
2,517 
  
2,060 
  
33.8 
  
39.0 

The impairment charge reduced by £1,282 million, or 51 per cent, to £1,235 million due to reduced impairment charges in Ireland and Australia.  The rate of increase in newly impaired loans in Ireland has reduced, and a significant portion of the Australian impaired portfolio was disposed of in 2011.  Excluding Ireland, the impairment charge reduced by £400 million, or 54 per cent to £338 million.
 
 
 


 
WEALTH, ASSET FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL (continued)

Asset Finance
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
153 
  
191 
  
(20)
  
165 
Other income
  
526 
  
590 
  
(11)
  
534 
Total underlying income
  
679 
  
781 
  
(13)
  
699 
Total costs
  
(454)
  
(496)
  
8 
  
(488)
Impairment
  
(54)
  
(115)
  
53 
  
(85)
Underlying profit
  
171 
  
170 
  
1 
  
126 
                 
Cost:income ratio
  
66.9% 
  
63.5% 
      
69.8% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
1.65% 
  
2.51% 
      
2.13% 


   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
31 Dec 
2011 
Key balance sheet and other items
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repos
  
5.6 
  
6.4 
  
(13)
Operating lease assets
  
2.7 
  
2.7 
    
Risk-weighted assets
  
8.1 
  
9.4 
  
(14)

Within Asset Finance, our key focus has been to complete the run-off of the portfolios, now closed to new business, which are outside of our risk appetite while delivering focused, profitable growth elsewhere.

Loans and advances to customers reduced by 13 per cent to £5.6 billion as we continued to run-off the portfolios that are closed to new business.

Underlying profit increased by 1 per cent to £171 million as a result of improved impairment charges and total costs offset by lower income.  Excluding the results of Hill Hire (disposed of in June 2011), from the prior year, underlying profit before tax increased by 2 per cent.

Total income decreased by 13 per cent to £679 million, despite improving margins in the retail business, largely as a result of closed book run-off together with the impact of the Hill Hire disposal.  Excluding the Hill Hire income included in the first half of 2011, total income decreased by 10 per cent.

Operating lease depreciation decreased 6 per cent to £329 million, reflecting the reduced fleet size and strong disposal returns in Lex Autolease.

Total costs (excluding operating lease depreciation) decreased by 15 per cent to £125 million, reflecting the lower asset base and simplification of our business model.  The cost:income ratio (treating operating lease depreciation as negative income) was 35.6 per cent.

The impairment charge reduced by 53 per cent to £54 million (of which £52 million or 96 per cent related to non-core assets), driven by stronger credit management and improving credit quality.  The retail portfolio saw more customers meeting their payment arrangements resulting in a lower proportion of people falling into arrears.  The retail impairments also benefited from debt sale activity in the first half of the year.
 
 
 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
 
 
 
 


 
INSURANCE

Key highlights
 
·  
Underlying profit in the first half of 2012 was £502 million, compared to £681 million in the first half of 2011, primarily due to a £109 million reduction in LP&I UK income predominantly as a result of the reduction in economic returns which drive income generated from policyholder funds.  Also, incremental adverse property claims of £65 million as a result of weather events have impacted the first half of the year, with the period from April to June being the wettest on record.
 
·  
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims, decreased by £210 million to £886 million.  This was mainly due to a reduction in LP&I UK income as referred to above, adverse property claims and the underwriting of pet insurance.
 
·  
Total costs improved by 7 per cent due to a continued focus on cost management and delivery of Simplification cost savings combined with the non-recurrence of the 2011 charge in respect of FSCS levy.
 
·  
LP&I UK sales (PVNBP) decreased by 2 per cent reflecting the subdued economic climate, evidenced by lower Bancassurance protection and investment volumes, mitigated by continued strong sales of corporate pensions before the implementation of the Retail Distribution Review (RDR).
 
·  
LP&I UK margin on an EEV basis decreased to 3.8 per cent in the first half of 2012 from 4.2 per cent in the first half of 2011.  While remaining strong, the decrease is a reflection of changes in the business mix.  The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) on new business remains in excess of 16 per cent.
 
·  
General Insurance profits reduced by 30 per cent to £158 million due to increased weather related claims in 2012, an £18 million cost of underwriting pet insurance for customers whose pets have pre-existing conditions, and the impact of the continued run-off of the PPI book.
 
·  
In delivering its strategic objectives, Insurance is focusing on simplifying service and claims processes across the business and has implemented a new organisational design allowing the business greater flexibility in responding to the changing market-place to ensure we are better placed to serve customer needs.

 

 
 
 
 

INSURANCE (continued)

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
(37)
  
(25)
  
(48)
  
(42)
Other income
  
1,156 
  
1,319 
  
(12)
  
1,368 
Insurance claims
  
(233)
  
(198)
  
(18)
  
(145)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
886 
  
1,096 
  
(19)
  
1,181 
Total costs
  
(384)
  
(415)
  
7 
  
(397)
Underlying profit
  
502 
  
681 
  
(26)
  
784 
                 
Underlying profit by business unit
                
Life, Pensions and Investments:
                
UK business
  
338 
  
436 
  
(22)
  
450 
European business
  
6 
  
19 
  
(68)
  
63 
General Insurance
  
158 
  
226 
  
(30)
  
271 
Underlying profit
  
502 
  
681 
  
(26)
  
784 
                 
EEV new business margin
  
3.6% 
  
4.1% 
      
3.9% 
Life, Pensions and Investments sales (PVNBP)
  
5,627 
  
5,763 
      
4,899 


Core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
(41)
  
(30)
  
(37)
  
(47)
Other income
  
1,126 
  
1,282 
  
(12)
  
1,279 
Insurance claims
  
(233)
  
(198)
  
(18)
  
(145)
Total  underlying income, net of insurance claims
852 
  
1,054 
  
(19)
  
1,087 
Total costs
  
(365)
  
(395)
  
8 
  
(377)
Underlying profit
  
487 
  
659 
  
(26)
  
710 


Non-core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
4 
  
5 
  
(20)
  
5 
Other income
  
30 
  
37 
  
(19)
  
89 
Total underlying income
  
34 
  
42 
  
(19)
  
94 
Total costs
  
(19)
  
(20)
  
5 
  
(20)
Underlying profit
  
15 
  
22 
  
(32)
  
74 



 
 
 


 
INSURANCE (continued)

Strategic focus
Insurance is a relationship business focused on helping our customers to protect themselves today whilst preparing for a secure financial future.  Its objective is to be the best Insurance business for customers.

Progress against strategic initiatives

Reshaping the Business and Strengthening the Balance Sheet
Work to reshape Insurance to operate as one business with an increasingly customer-focused corporate and management structure is fundamentally complete with a single Executive committee and Board now in place.  We have also continued to develop new and enhanced product propositions and to pursue our strategy of selective participation in the important Intermediary and Direct channels.

Following a participation review we announced the withdrawal from the Offshore Bond market in the first quarter of 2012.  At the same time we announced our intention to selectively increase our participation in the risk market where product economics and returns meet our criteria.  We plan to launch an enhanced Annuities product and beyond that we are aiming to enter the IFA protection market.

Simplifying the Business
Insurance continues to focus on cost reduction with costs improving by 7 per cent year-on-year. Efficiencies have been achieved without compromising the quality of customer service and customer satisfaction ratings have remained robust across the division.

We have made good progress with the Simplification programme in the first half of 2012.  A new organisational design has been implemented allowing the business greater flexibility in responding to the changing market place to ensure we are better placed to serve customer needs.  The continuous improvement programme is transforming back office and customer contact centre processes, reducing handling time and improving the overall customer experience.

The Simplification programme will continue to deliver further improvements through the provision of simpler systems and processes.

Investing in Growth and Supporting the UK Economy
In Insurance we are focused on leveraging our multi-brand strategy to deliver sustainable growth in key markets.

Through the Group strategic initiative programme we are investing in building lasting relationships with our bancassurance customers through the introduction of new advice models, enhanced products and access to new direct channels.

Our Protection for Life plan has been further enhanced through the addition of Essential Earnings Cover (EEC).  Recognising our customers' needs for income protection, EEC is an affordable product designed to build consumer confidence through guaranteed premiums and simpler application and claim processes.  It will provide our customers with significant income protection if they suffer an accident or illness that prevents them from working.

We are also seeing good traction in corporate pensions business through our intermediary channel, following a significant investment in our proposition.  Our direct sales force which serves those of our customers who do not have a financial adviser is also performing well following enhanced targeting of those customers.

Within Life, Pensions and Investments we recognise a large opportunity in the corporate pensions market as schemes move towards auto-enrolment and a shift from defined benefit to defined contribution schemes.  We also continue to explore opportunities within the annuity market.
 
 
 


 
INSURANCE (continued)

The Retail Distribution Review (RDR) comes into effect from 1 January 2013 and our preparations are progressing well, both in terms of proposition development and in supporting Independent Financial Advisers (IFAs) as they transition business models to comply with the new regulations.  Inevitably, as a result of RDR, some IFAs will choose to exit markets and therefore some customers will no longer receive advice from their IFAs.  The business is committed to providing a direct proposition to maintain a high quality of service to these customers.

Scottish Widows was awarded Best Group Pension Provider in the Corporate Adviser awards and Best Personal Pensions Provider in the Professional Adviser awards.  More recently, Scottish Widows also received an award for its customer focus at the annual Customer Contact Innovation Awards. These awards celebrate excellence in the industry and recognise initiatives which put customers at the heart of businesses.

In General Insurance, our strategy is focused around protecting and growing our home insurance business whilst seeking to expand its role in other markets, including commercial insurance, through targeted participation and underwriting strategy.  In line with this we have witnessed strong growth in motor insurance, a product that we distribute directly.  An increased focus by the General Insurance business and Commercial banking to improve the customer experience has resulted in a year-on-year increase in premiums of Essential Business Insurance of 17 per cent.

Many parts of the country have experienced record levels of rainfall, and as a result our home claims operations have experienced a significant uplift in open flood claim volumes since April.  We have been working to get our customers’ lives back on track by deploying our Rapid Response Vehicle to some of the most affected areas, and ensuring our specialist Personal Claims Consultants are deployed to the worst hit areas.

Life, Pensions and Investments

UK business
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Net interest income
  
(37)
  
(24)
  
(54)
  
(38)
Other income
  
631 
  
727 
  
(13)
  
731 
Total underlying income
  
594 
  
703 
  
(16)
  
693 
Total costs
  
(256)
  
(267)
  
4 
  
(243)
Underlying profit
  
338 
  
436 
  
(22)
  
450 
                 
Underlying profit by business unit
                
New business profit    – insurance business1
  
186 
  
201 
  
(7)
  
181 
– investment business1
  
(25)
  
(33)
  
24 
  
(18)
Total new business profit
  
161 
  
168 
  
(4)
  
163 
Existing business profit
  
189 
  
267 
  
(29)
  
272 
Experience and assumption changes
  
(12)
  
1 
      
15 
Underlying profit
  
338 
  
436 
  
(22)
  
450 
                 
EEV new business margin (UK)
  
3.8% 
  
4.2% 
      
4.2% 
Life, Pensions and Investments sales (PVNBP)
  
5,510 
  
5,595 
  
(2)
  
4,624 

1
As required under IFRS, products are split between insurance and investment contracts depending on the level of insurance risk contained.  For insurance contracts, the new business profit includes the net present value of profits expected to emerge over the lifetime of the contract, including profits anticipated in periods after the year of sale; for investment contracts the figure reflects the profit in the year of sale only, after allowing for the deferral of income and expenses.  Consequently the recognition of profit from investment contracts is deferred relative to insurance contracts.


 
 
 


 
INSURANCE (continued)

Life, Pensions and Investments (LP&I UK) profit was impacted by lower income due to reduction in economic returns which drive income generated from policyholder funds.  For insurance contracts, future cash-flows are discounted to give a current Value of in Force assets.  A number of assumptions, including economic indices, are used to model those cash-flows.  The subdued economic environment has resulted in the rate of return used in calculating the 2012 results being significantly lower than the comparable rate in the prior year, driving a reduction in existing business profits.  Existing business was also impacted by higher interest payments following capital restructuring initiatives completed in 2011.

Total new business profit decreased by £7 million, or 4 per cent, to £161 million.  The decrease primarily reflects lower Bancassurance volumes, as the economic environment continues to curb customers’ desire to invest, partly offset by a strong corporate pensions performance, up 22 per cent versus prior year, through the intermediary channel.

LP&I UK margin on an EEV basis remains strong despite reducing to 3.8 per cent in the first half of 2012 from 4.2 per cent in the same period in 2011.  The decrease reflects changes in the business mix.  The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) on new business remains in excess of 16 per cent.

The capital position of the Scottish Widows Group remains robust.  The estimated Insurance Groups Directive (IGD) capital surplus for the group was £4.0 billion, which compares to £3.7 billion at 31 December 2011.

European business
Profit decreased by £13 million, or 68 per cent, to £6 million.  The reduction was driven largely by an expected reduction in new business due to the strategy of focusing on the relationship with our key distributors and securing value in the existing book of business.

New business
An analysis of the present value of new business premiums for business written by the Insurance division, split between the UK and European Life, Pensions and Investments Businesses is given below:

Present Value of New Business Premiums (PVNBP)
       
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
      
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
Analysis by product
  
UK 
  
Europe 
  
Total 
  
UK 
  
Europe 
  
Total 
      
Total 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                                 
Protection
  
295 
  
16 
  
311 
  
376 
  
18 
  
394 
  
(21)
  
367 
Payment protection
  
7 
  
– 
  
7 
  
11 
  
– 
  
11 
  
(36)
  
10 
Savings and investments
331 
  
67 
  
398 
  
633 
  
99 
  
732 
  
(46)
  
647 
Individual pensions
  
877 
  
34 
  
911 
  
780 
  
51 
  
831 
  
10 
  
793 
Corporate and
other pensions
  
2,857 
  
– 
  
2,857 
  
2,350 
  
– 
  
2,350 
  
22 
  
2,073 
Retirement income
  
369 
  
– 
  
369 
  
394 
  
– 
  
394 
  
(6)
  
353 
Managed fund business
77 
  
– 
  
77 
  
58 
  
– 
  
58 
  
33 
  
58 
Life and pensions
  
4,813 
  
117 
  
4,930 
  
4,602 
  
168 
  
4,770 
  
3 
  
4,301 
OEICs
  
697 
  
– 
  
697 
  
993 
  
– 
  
993 
  
(30)
  
598 
Total
  
5,510 
  
117 
  
5,627 
  
5,595 
  
168 
  
5,763 
  
(2)
  
4,899 
                                 
Analysis by channel
                                
Intermediary
  
3,773 
  
117 
  
3,890 
  
3,407 
  
168 
  
3,575 
  
9 
  
3,283 
Bancassurance
  
1,389 
  
– 
  
1,389 
  
1,850 
  
– 
  
1,850 
  
(25)
  
1,366 
Direct
  
348 
  
– 
  
348 
  
338 
  
– 
  
338 
  
3 
  
250 
Total
  
5,510 
  
117 
  
5,627 
  
5,595 
  
168 
  
5,763 
  
(2)
  
4,899 

 
 
 


 
INSURANCE (continued)

Total sales (PVNBP) have decreased by 2 per cent to £5,627 million primarily reflecting lower savings and investments, OEICs and protection volumes partially offset by strong sales of individual and corporate pensions in LP&I UK.

Sales of protection and investment products through the Bancassurance channel have reduced, partly due to subdued customer demand reflecting the market environment and preparation within the Retail business for the Retail Distribution Review (RDR) including advisor restructuring.  Total sales in the Bancassurance channel have increased compared to the second half of 2011.

In the Intermediary channel there has been strong growth, particularly in Corporate Pension sales prior to the introduction of RDR, a reflection of the underlying strength of our proposition and the quality of service provided to customers.  Initiatives such as My Money Works and our market leading auto enrolment engine, combined with a continuing focus on our strong relationships, will ensure that the business is well positioned to take advantage of the changing market-place as a result of RDR.  Individual pensions have increased by 10 per cent, driven by sales of our flagship Retirement Account product.

The direct channel continues to perform well and is being developed for future growth.  This channel will become even more important following the introduction of RDR.
 
 
 


 
INSURANCE (continued)

Funds under management
The table below shows the funds of the Life, Pensions and Investment companies within the Insurance division.  These funds are predominantly managed within the Group by the Wealth, Asset Finance and International division.

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
             
Opening funds under management
  
127.6 
  
133.1 
  
133.3 
             
UK business
            
Premiums
  
5.3 
  
5.6 
  
4.5 
Claims and surrenders
  
(7.1)
  
(7.5)
  
(7.1)
Net outflow of business
  
(1.8)
  
(1.9)
  
(2.6)
Investment return, expenses and commission
  
2.7 
  
2.3 
  
(2.5)
Net movement
  
0.9 
  
0.4 
  
(5.1)
             
European business
            
Net movement
  
– 
  
0.1 
  
(0.6)
Dividends and capital repatriation
  
– 
  
(0.3)
  
– 
Closing funds under management
  
128.5 
  
133.3 
  
127.6 
             
Managed by the Group
  
102.8 
  
107.6 
  
103.4 
Managed by third parties
  
25.7 
  
25.7 
  
24.2 
Closing funds under management
  
128.5 
  
133.3 
  
127.6 

The net outflow of business is primarily a result of the move in sales mix away from savings products which generate large single premiums, caused in part by more difficult economic conditions and the run-off of the in-force book.

The key drivers of investment return are equity and gilt market movements.  In the year to date UK equity markets have risen by 3 per cent and European markets have risen by 2 per cent while gilt markets increased by 3 per cent.

Maturity profile of in-force business
The table below shows the profile of the Value of In-Force (VIF) asset recognised on the IFRS balance sheet based on the date when the profit is expected to emerge.

   
VIF 
  
VIF emergence in years (%)
   
Total 
£m 
  
0-5 
  
6-10 
  
11-15 
  
16-20 
  
>20 
30 June 2012
  
5,264 
  
38 
  
24 
  
17 
  
11 
  
10 
                         
31 December 2011
5,247 
  
37 
  
24 
  
16 
  
10 
  
13 

The increase in VIF is mainly due to increased business partially offset by the expected run-off of business.

The profile of the emergence of VIF in future years shows that almost 40 per cent of the VIF is expected to be released within 5 years, with nearly 80 per cent expected to be released within 15 years.
 
 
 


 
INSURANCE (continued)

General Insurance
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Home insurance
  
425 
  
421 
  
1 
  
436 
Payment protection insurance
  
46 
  
71 
  
(35)
  
54 
Other
  
9 
  
33 
  
(73)
  
20 
Net operating income
  
480 
  
525 
  
(9)
  
510 
Claims paid on insurance contracts (net of reinsurance)
(233)
  
(198)
  
(18)
  
(145)
Operating income, net of claims
  
247 
  
327 
  
(24)
  
365 
Total costs
  
(89)
  
(101)
  
12 
  
(94)
Underlying profit
  
158 
  
226 
  
(30)
  
271 
                 
Combined ratio
  
80% 
  
73% 
      
66% 

Underlying profit decreased by 30 per cent to £158 million, a result that is broadly in line with the prior period when excluding increased weather related claims in 2012, the cost of underwriting pet insurance for pets with pre-existing conditions, and the impact of the continued run-off of the PPI book.

Total income for home insurance was 1 per cent up on last year at £425 million and reflects the maturity and competitiveness of the market.

PPI income continues to reduce as a result of the Group ceasing to write new PPI business in 2010.

Increased claims of £233 million, 18 per cent higher than in 2011, were mainly driven by adverse property claims following the weather events that have impacted the first half of the year, with the period from April to June being the wettest on record.  Claims were further impacted by the cost of underwriting pet insurance for pets with pre-existing conditions.  The combined impact was partly offset by lower unemployment claims which continue to be positively impacted by the reduction in the size of the PPI book.

Operating expenses decreased by £12 million, or 12 per cent, to £89 million primarily as a result of further delivery of Simplification savings and a continued focus on cost management.

Despite the impact of weather related claims our combined ratio remains strong at 80 per cent.
 
 
 


GROUP OPERATIONS

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
20111
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
,
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
20111
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Total underlying income
  
17 
  
(6)
      
48 
                 
Direct costs:
                
Information technology
  
(591)
  
(621)
  
5 
  
(553)
Operations
  
(349)
  
(363)
  
4 
  
(349)
Property
  
(458)
  
(467)
  
2 
  
(442)
Sourcing
  
(24)
  
(27)
  
11 
  
(29)
Support functions
  
(37)
  
(42)
  
12 
  
(41)
   
(1,459)
  
(1,520)
  
4 
  
(1,414)
Result before recharges to divisions
  
(1,442)
  
(1,526)
  
6 
  
(1,366)
Total net recharges to divisions
  
1,376 
  
1,464 
      
1,372 
Underlying (loss) profit
  
(66)
  
(62)
      
6 

1
2011 comparative figures have been amended to reflect the effect of the continuing consolidation of operations across the Group.  To ensure a fair comparison of the 2012 performance, 2011 direct costs have been increased with an equivalent offsetting increase in recharges to divisions.

Strategy
Group Operations’ aim is to be a world class operations business whilst ensuring value through cost and process efficiency.  This will be achieved by: providing excellent technology and effective processes to support the business; driving simplification, automation and continuous improvement; developing world class operations, leadership and capability; and, maintaining strong controls to protect the Group.

Progress against strategic initiatives
The Simplification programme, part of the Group’s Strategic transformational journey, is on track to achieve £1.7 billion of savings in 2014.  The programme continues to make good progress and a strong pipeline of early deliverables has seen the successful implementation of a number of initiatives in the first half of 2012 that not only reduce costs, but also enhance customer service.  Group Operations is playing a major part in the whole programme but particularly through further improved sourcing, End-to-End process re-engineering, and property consolidation.

Sourcing: We are optimising our demand management, simplifying specifications and further strengthening our supplier relationships.  We have reduced the number of suppliers to the Group from just over 18,000 to less than 14,000 in the past 12 months whilst continuing to focus on a core group of lead suppliers.

End-to-End Processes: We are conducting an end-to-end redesign of our core processes, including significant process automation, simplifying processes for our staff, increasing accuracy, and reducing complaints.  For example: a fully re-engineered process for setting up and handling customer accounts transferred from other banks and improvements to internet banking customer enrolment.  These initiatives are already resulting in more time to serve customers and creating an improved customer experience.

Property: We are continuing our consolidation of the Group’s property, enabling the delivery of process and efficiency savings from the Simplification programme.  We have also outsourced our property facilities and asset management services.

Group Operations is also playing a key role in delivering the technical expertise and support for the other Group strategic initiatives.
 
 
 


GROUP OPERATIONS (continued)

Financial performance
Direct costs in the first half of 2012 decreased by £61 million, or 4 per cent, to £1,459 million reflecting the continued focus on cost management and the delivery of Simplification benefits.

Information Technology costs decreased by 5 per cent, with Simplification savings offsetting costs supporting the Group’s investment programme.

Operations costs decreased by 4 per cent, through the continuing rationalisation of our major Operations functions.  Operations includes Banking Operations, Collections and Recoveries, and Payments and Business Services.

Group Property costs decreased by 2 per cent, with the continuing consolidation of the Group's property portfolio delivering further benefits.

Sourcing includes the cost of running the department and certain centrally-managed contracts.  Sourcing continues to play a major part in helping to deliver Group-wide sourcing savings.

Support functions (includes Group Security & Fraud and Group Change Management) have decreased by 12 per cent through the delivery of Simplification benefits.
 
 
 

CENTRAL ITEMS

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
             
Total underlying income
  
(4)
  
236 
  
103 
Total costs
  
(51)
  
(65)
  
(194)
Trading surplus
  
(55)
  
171 
  
(91)
Impairment
  
– 
  
– 
  
(3)
Underlying (loss) profit
  
(55)
  
171 
  
(94)

Central items include income and expenditure not recharged to the divisions, including the costs of certain central and head office functions and corporate one-off costs such as the UK bank levy.

Total underlying income largely reflects the net impact of items not recharged by the Group’s Corporate Treasury to the divisions.  The reduction in income retained in the centre compared to the first half of 2011 is largely due to the impact of certain capital and risk management actions being retained centrally.
 

 

 

 
 
 
 


 
CORE AND NON-CORE BUSINESS

Half-year to 30 June 2012
Underlying 
income, net 
of insurance 
claims 
Impairment 
charge 
Loans and 
advances to 
customers1
  
Risk-  weighted 
assets 
  
Customer 
deposits1
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                     
Core portfolios
                    
Retail
  
4,221 
  
(735)
  
320.1 
  
90.4 
  
254.7 
Wholesale
  
1,601 
  
(111)
  
78.5 
  
99.8 
  
83.1 
Commercial
  
792 
  
(116)
  
28.1 
  
23.7 
  
33.2 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
1,123 
  
(16)
  
7.4 
  
12.5 
  
49.0 
Insurance
  
852 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Group Operations & Central items
13 
  
– 
  
0.2 
  
12.7 
  
– 
   
8,602 
  
(978)
  
434.3 
  
239.1 
  
420.0 
Non-core portfolios
                    
Retail
  
35 
  
(23)
  
26.9 
  
9.8 
  
– 
Wholesale
  
214 
  
(882)
  
35.5 
  
43.4 
  
2.2 
Commercial
  
5 
  
7 
  
1.2 
  
1.2 
  
0.3 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
356 
  
(1,281)
  
36.5 
  
39.0 
  
0.7 
Insurance
  
34 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
   
644 
  
(2,179)
  
100.1 
  
93.4 
  
3.2 
Total Group
  
9,246 
  
(3,157)
  
534.4 
  
332.5 
  
423.2 

   
% 
  
% 
  
% 
  
% 
  
% 
Core portfolios
  
93.0 
  
31.0 
  
81.3 
  
71.9 
  
99.2 
Non-core portfolios
  
7.0 
  
69.0 
  
18.7 
  
28.1 
  
0.8 


Half-year to 30 June 2011
Underlying 
income, net 
of insurance 
claims 
  
Impairment 
charge 
Loans and 
advances to 
customers1
  
Risk- 
weighted 
assets 
  
Customer 
deposits1
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
Core portfolios
                    
Retail
  
4,524 
  
(1,052)
  
328.9 
  
98.0 
  
242.3 
Wholesale
  
1,907 
  
(407)
  
98.3 
  
104.4 
  
83.0 
Commercial
  
826 
  
(160)
  
27.0 
  
25.0 
  
32.4 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
1,163 
  
(17)
  
8.3 
  
13.3 
  
37.6 
Insurance
  
1,054 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Group Operations & Central items
230 
  
– 
  
0.5 
  
13.9 
  
0.1 
   
9,704 
  
(1,636)
  
463.0 
  
254.6 
  
395.4 
Non-core portfolios
                    
Retail
  
192 
  
(121)
  
28.9 
  
11.6 
  
– 
Wholesale
  
449 
  
(1,035)
  
43.9 
  
61.4 
  
2.9 
Commercial
  
16 
  
– 
  
1.7 
  
1.8 
  
0.3 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
700 
  
(2,630)
  
50.3 
  
53.9 
  
1.3 
Insurance
  
42 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
   
1,399 
  
(3,786)
  
124.8 
  
128.7 
  
4.5 
Total Group
  
11,103 
  
(5,422)
  
587.8 
  
383.3 
  
399.9 

   
% 
  
% 
  
% 
  
% 
  
% 
Core portfolios
  
87.4 
  
30.2 
  
78.8 
  
66.4 
  
98.9 
Non-core portfolios
  
12.6 
  
69.8 
  
21.2 
  
33.6 
  
1.1 

1
Includes reverse repos and repos.
CORE BUSINESS

Core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
% 
  
£ million 
                 
Net interest income
  
4,948 
  
5,536 
  
(11)
  
5,357 
Other income
  
3,887 
  
4,366 
  
(11)
  
3,849 
Insurance claims
  
(233)
  
(198)
  
(18)
  
(145)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
8,602 
  
9,704 
  
(11)
  
9,061 
Total costs
  
(4,647)
  
(4,860)
  
4 
  
(4,822)
Impairment
  
(978)
  
(1,636)
  
40 
  
(1,251)
Underlying profit
  
2,977 
  
3,208 
  
(7)
  
2,988 
Effects of asset sales, volatile items and liability management
  
– 
  
(245)
      
1,026 
Fair value unwind
  
(262)
  
(97)
      
(531)
Management profit
  
2,715 
  
2,866 
  
(5)
  
3,483 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
2.32% 
  
2.43% 
      
2.40% 
Cost:income ratio
  
54.0% 
  
50.1% 
      
53.2% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.44% 
  
0.72% 
      
0.56% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.48% 
  
2.50% 
      
2.40% 


Key balance sheet items
  
As at  30 June 
2012 
  
As at  31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers (excluding reverse repos)
  
428.5 
  
437.0 
  
(2)
Reverse repos with customers
  
5.8 
  
16.8 
  
(65)
Loans and advances to banks
  
31.3 
  
32.0 
  
(2)
Debt securities held as loans and receivables
  
0.3 
  
0.2 
  
50 
Available-for-sale financial assets
  
27.7 
  
27.9 
  
(1)
Other assets:
            
Derivative financial instruments
  
58.3 
  
66.0 
  
(12)
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit and loss
  
145.6 
  
138.8 
  
5 
Other
  
146.4 
  
111.1 
  
32 
   
350.3 
  
315.9 
  
11 
Total core assets
  
843.9 
  
829.8 
  
2 
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
239.1 
  
243.5 
  
(2)
Customer deposits (excluding repos)
  
415.9 
  
401.5 
  
4 
Repos with customers
  
4.1 
  
8.0 
  
(49)

 
 
 


MANAGEMENT BASIS CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT – CORE

Half-year to 30 June 2012
  
Retail 
Wholesale 
Commercial 
  
Wealth, 
Asset 
Finance 
and Int’l 
Insurance 
Group 
Operations 
and 
Central 
items 
  
Group 
 
£m 
  
£m
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
3,464 
  
610 
  
582 
  
160 
  
(41)
  
173 
  
4,948 
Other income
  
757 
  
991 
  
210 
  
963 
  
1,126 
  
(160)
  
3,887 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(233)
  
– 
  
(233)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,221 
  
1,601 
  
792 
  
1,123 
  
852 
  
13 
  
8,602 
Total costs
  
(2,086)
  
(718)
  
(430)
  
(914)
  
(365)
  
(134)
  
(4,647)
Impairment
  
(735)
  
(111)
  
(116)
  
(16)
  
– 
  
– 
  
(978)
Underlying profit
  
1,400 
  
772 
  
246 
  
193 
  
487 
  
(121)
  
2,977 
Asset sales
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(17)
  
– 
  
658 
  
641 
Volatile items
– 
  
17 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(826)
  
(809)
Liability management
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
168 
  
168 
Fair value unwind
208 
  
3 
  
16 
  
(17)
  
(21)
  
(451)
  
(262)
Management profit
1,608 
  
792 
  
262 
  
159 
  
466 
  
(572)
  
2,715 
                           
Banking net interest margin
2.17% 
  
1.70% 
  
4.13% 
  
3.90% 
          
2.32% 
Cost:income ratio
49.4% 
  
44.8% 
  
54.3% 
  
81.4% 
          
54.0% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
0.45% 
  
0.25% 
  
0.80% 
  
0.39% 
          
0.44% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
3.09% 
  
1.54% 
  
2.08% 
  
3.02% 
          
2.48% 
                           
Key balance sheet items
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
Loans and advances to
customers excluding reverse repos
320.1 
  
72.7 
  
28.1 
  
7.4 
      
0.2 
  
428.5 
Customer deposits excluding repos
254.7 
  
79.0 
  
33.2 
  
49.0 
      
– 
  
415.9 
Risk-weighted assets
90.4 
  
99.8 
  
23.7 
  
12.5 
      
12.7 
  
239.1 



 
 
 


 
MANAGEMENT BASIS CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT – CORE (continued)

Half-year to 30 June 2011
  
Retail 
Wholesale 
Commercial 
  
Wealth, 
Asset 
Finance 
and Int’l 
Insurance 
Group 
Operations 
and 
Central 
items 
  
Group 
 
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
3,688 
  
835 
  
619 
  
159 
  
(30)
  
265 
  
5,536 
Other income
  
836 
  
1,072 
  
207 
  
1,004 
  
1,282 
  
(35)
  
4,366 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(198)
  
– 
  
(198)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,524 
  
1,907 
  
826 
  
1,163 
  
1,054 
  
230 
  
9,704 
Total costs
  
(2,218)
  
(705)
  
(468)
  
(953)
  
(395)
  
(121)
  
(4,860)
Impairment
  
(1,052)
  
(407)
  
(160)
  
(17)
  
– 
  
– 
  
(1,636)
Underlying profit
  
1,254 
  
795 
  
198 
  
193 
  
659 
  
109 
  
3,208 
Asset sales
41 
  
(3)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
69 
  
107 
Volatile items
– 
  
61 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(413)
  
(352)
Liability management
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind
420 
  
10 
  
26 
  
4 
  
(21)
  
(536)
  
(97)
Management profit
1,715 
  
863 
  
224 
  
197 
  
638 
  
(771)
  
2,866 
                           
Banking net interest margin
2.23% 
  
1.87% 
  
4.39% 
  
3.32% 
          
2.43% 
Cost:income ratio
49.0% 
  
37.0% 
  
56.7% 
  
81.9% 
          
50.1% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
0.63% 
  
0.96% 
  
1.14% 
  
0.41% 
          
0.72% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
2.58% 
  
1.50% 
  
1.61% 
  
2.83% 
          
2.50% 
                           
Key balance sheet items
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
Loans and advances to
customers excluding  reverse repos
328.9 
  
78.6 
  
27.0 
  
8.3 
      
0.5 
  
443.3 
Customer deposits excluding repos
242.3 
  
78.0 
  
32.4 
  
37.6 
      
0.1 
  
390.4 
Risk-weighted assets
98.0 
  
104.4 
  
25.0 
  
13.3 
      
13.9 
  
254.6 



 
 
 


 
MANAGEMENT BASIS CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT – CORE (continued)

Half-year to
31 December 2011
Retail 
Wholesale 
Commercial 
  
Wealth, 
Asset 
Finance 
and Int’l 
Insurance 
Group 
Operations 
and 
Central 
items 
  
Group 
 
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
3,558 
  
766 
  
610 
  
150 
  
(47)
  
320 
  
5,357 
Other income
  
802 
  
723 
  
218 
  
996 
  
1,279 
  
(169)
  
3,849 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(145)
  
– 
  
(145)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,360 
  
1,489 
  
828 
  
1,146 
  
1,087 
  
151 
  
9,061 
Total costs
  
(2,214)
  
(622)
  
(474)
  
(954)
  
(377)
  
(181)
  
(4,822)
Impairment
  
(744)
  
(334)
  
(136)
  
(34)
  
– 
  
(3)
  
(1,251)
Underlying profit
  
1,402 
  
533 
  
218 
  
158 
  
710 
  
(33)
  
2,988 
Asset sales
7 
  
(17)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
127 
  
117 
Volatile items
– 
  
(797)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
411 
  
(386)
Liability management
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
1,295 
  
1,295 
Fair value unwind
237 
  
(39)
  
27 
  
4 
  
(22)
  
(738)
  
(531)
Management profit
1,646 
  
(320)
  
245 
  
162 
  
688 
  
1,062 
  
3,483 
                           
Banking net interest margin
2.18% 
  
1.91% 
  
4.34% 
  
3.47% 
          
2.40% 
Cost:income ratio
50.8% 
  
41.8% 
  
57.2% 
  
83.2% 
          
53.2% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
0.45% 
  
0.82% 
  
1.05% 
  
0.82% 
          
0.56% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
2.93% 
  
1.04% 
  
1.78% 
  
2.36% 
          
2.40% 
                           
Key balance sheet items
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
Loans and advances to
customers excluding  reverse repos
325.1 
  
76.3 
  
27.4 
  
8.1 
      
0.1 
  
437.0 
Customer deposits excluding repos
247.1 
  
81.5 
  
31.8 
  
40.7 
      
0.4 
  
401.5 
Risk-weighted assets
92.6 
  
101.0 
  
23.8 
  
13.5 
      
12.6 
  
243.5 



 

 
 
 
 


 
NON-CORE BUSINESS

Non-core
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
% 
  
£ million 
                 
Net interest income
  
267 
  
819 
  
(67)
  
498 
Other income
  
377 
  
580 
  
(35)
  
384 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
      
– 
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
644 
  
1,399 
  
(54)
  
882 
Total costs
  
(378)
  
(472)
  
20 
  
(467)
Impairment
  
(2,179)
  
(3,786)
  
42 
  
(3,114)
Underlying loss
  
(1,913)
  
(2,859)
  
(33)
  
(2,699)
Effects of asset sales, volatile items and liability management
  
(56)
  
(19)
      
79 
Fair value unwind
  
419 
  
1,116 
  
(62)
  
718 
Management loss
  
(1,550)
  
(1,762)
  
(12)
  
(1,902)
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
0.60% 
  
1.20% 
      
0.81% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
3.33% 
  
4.87% 
      
4.32% 


Key balance sheet items
  
As at  30 June 
2012 
  
As at  31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Loans and advances to customers
  
100.1 
  
111.8 
  
(10)
Loans and advances to banks
  
0.5 
  
0.6 
  
(17)
Debt securities held as loans and receivables
  
6.2 
  
12.3 
  
(50)
Available-for-sale financial assets
  
5.1 
  
9.5 
  
(46)
Other
  
5.6 
  
6.5 
  
(14)
Total non-core assets
  
117.5 
  
140.7 
  
(16)
             
Risk-weighted assets
  
93.4 
  
108.8 
  
(14)
Customer deposits excluding repos
  
3.2 
  
4.4 
  
(27)


 
 
 


MANAGEMENT BASIS CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT – NON-CORE

Half-year to 30 June 2012
  
Retail 
Wholesale 
Commercial 
  
Wealth, 
Asset 
Finance 
and Int’l 
Insurance 
Group 
Operations 
and 
Central 
items 
  
Group 
 
£m 
  
£m
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
26 
  
(56)
  
5 
  
288 
  
4 
  
– 
  
267 
Other income
  
9 
  
270 
  
– 
  
68 
  
30 
  
– 
  
377 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
35 
  
214 
  
5 
  
356 
  
34 
  
– 
  
644 
Total costs
  
(3)
  
(90)
  
(3)
  
(263)
  
(19)
  
– 
  
(378)
Impairment
  
(23)
  
(882)
  
7 
  
(1,281)
  
– 
  
– 
  
(2,179)
Underlying profit (loss)
  
9 
  
(758)
  
9 
  
(1,188)
  
15 
  
– 
  
(1,913)
Asset sales1
– 
  
(42)
  
– 
  
(14)
  
– 
  
– 
  
(56)
Volatile items
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Liability management
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind1
33 
  
407 
  
– 
  
(21)
  
– 
  
– 
  
419 
Management profit (loss)
42 
  
(393)
  
9 
  
(1,223)
  
15 
  
– 
  
(1,550)
                           
Banking net interest margin
0.19% 
  
0.29% 
  
0.77% 
  
1.08% 
          
0.60% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
0.17% 
  
3.56% 
  
(1.15)% 
  
4.91% 
          
3.33% 
                           
Key balance sheet items
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
Loans and advances to
customers excluding reverse repos
26.9 
  
35.5 
  
1.2 
  
36.5 
          
100.1 
Customer deposits excluding repos
– 
  
2.2 
  
0.3 
  
0.7 
          
3.2 
Total non-core assets
26.9 
  
50.7 
  
1.2 
  
38.1 
  
0.6 
  
– 
  
117.5 
Risk-weighted assets
9.8 
  
43.4 
  
1.2 
  
39.0 
          
93.4 

1
During the first half of the 2012, the Group has changed the presentation of the fair value unwind to include those amounts related to asset sales within that line item.  Comparative figures have been restated accordingly.


 
 
 


 
MANAGEMENT BASIS CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT – NON-CORE (continued)

Half-year to 30 June 2011
  
Retail 
Wholesale 
Commercial 
  
Wealth, 
Asset 
Finance 
and Int’l 
Insurance 
Group 
Operations 
and 
Central 
items 
  
Group 
 
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
182 
  
134 
  
15 
  
483 
  
5 
  
– 
  
819 
Other income
  
10 
  
315 
  
1 
  
217 
  
37 
  
– 
  
580 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
192 
  
449 
  
16 
  
700 
  
42 
  
– 
  
1,399 
Total costs
  
(3)
  
(111)
  
(3)
  
(335)
  
(20)
  
– 
  
(472)
Impairment
  
(121)
  
(1,035)
  
– 
  
(2,630)
  
– 
  
– 
  
(3,786)
Underlying profit (loss)
68 
  
(697)
  
13 
  
(2,265)
  
22 
  
– 
  
(2,859)
Asset sales1
– 
  
2 
  
– 
  
(21)
  
– 
  
– 
  
(19)
Volatile items
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Liability management
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind1
124 
  
892 
  
– 
  
100 
  
– 
  
– 
  
1,116 
Management profit (loss)
192 
  
197 
  
13 
  
(2,186)
  
22 
  
– 
  
(1,762)
                           
Banking net interest margin
1.19% 
  
0.92% 
  
2.01% 
  
1.41% 
          
1.20% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
0.81% 
  
3.49% 
  
0.00% 
  
8.11% 
          
4.87% 
                           
Key balance sheet items
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
Loans and advances to
customers excluding reverse repos
28.9 
  
43.9 
  
1.7 
  
50.3 
          
124.8 
Customer deposits excluding repos
– 
  
2.9 
  
0.3 
  
1.3 
          
4.5 
Total non-core assets
28.9 
  
76.6 
  
1.7 
  
52.3 
  
0.8 
  
2.1 
  
162.4 
Risk-weighted assets
11.6 
  
61.4 
  
1.8 
  
53.9 
          
128.7 

1
During the first half of the 2012, the Group has changed the presentation of the fair value unwind to include those amounts related to asset sales within that line item.  Comparative figures have been restated accordingly.



 
 
 


 
 
MANAGEMENT BASIS CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT – NON-CORE (continued)

Half-year to
31 December 2011
  
Retail 
Wholesale 
Commercial 
  
Wealth, 
Asset 
Finance 
and Int’l 
Insurance 
Group 
Operations 
and 
Central 
items 
  
Group 
 
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
69 
  
25 
  
7 
  
392 
  
5 
  
– 
  
498 
Other income
  
12 
  
176 
  
– 
  
107 
  
89 
  
– 
  
384 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
81 
  
201 
  
7 
  
499 
  
94 
  
– 
  
882 
Total costs
  
(3)
  
(96)
  
(3)
  
(290)
  
(20)
  
(55)
  
(467)
Impairment
  
(53)
  
(925)
  
(7)
  
(2,129)
  
– 
  
– 
  
(3,114)
Underlying profit (loss)
25 
  
(820)
  
(3)
  
(1,920)
  
74 
  
(55)
  
(2,699)
Asset sales1
– 
  
79 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
79 
Volatile items
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Liability management
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind1
58 
  
574 
  
– 
  
86 
  
– 
  
– 
  
718 
Management profit (loss)
83 
  
(167)
  
(3)
  
(1,834)
  
74 
  
(55)
  
(1,902)
                           
Banking net interest margin
0.46% 
  
0.51% 
  
0.80% 
  
1.24% 
          
0.81% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
0.36% 
  
3.51% 
  
0.92% 
  
7.03% 
          
4.32% 
                           
Key balance sheet items
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
Loans and advances to
customers excluding reverse repos
27.7 
  
40.6 
  
1.4 
  
42.1 
          
111.8 
Customer deposits excluding repos
– 
  
2.8 
  
0.3 
  
1.3 
          
4.4 
Total non-core assets
27.7 
  
66.8 
  
1.4 
  
44.2 
  
0.6 
  
– 
  
140.7 
Risk-weighted assets
10.6 
  
53.4 
  
1.6 
  
43.2 
          
108.8 

1
During the first half of the 2012, the Group has changed the presentation of the fair value unwind to include those amounts related to asset sales within that line item.  Comparative figures have been restated accordingly.


 
 
 
 


 
QUARTERLY MANAGEMENT BASIS INFORMATION – GROUP

Group
  
Quarter 
ended 
30 June 
2012 
  
Quarter 
ended 
31 March 
2012 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
         
Net interest income
  
2,582 
  
2,633 
Other income
  
2,061 
  
2,203 
Insurance claims
  
(125)
  
(108)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,518 
  
4,728 
Total costs
  
(2,461)
  
(2,564)
Impairment
  
(1,500)
  
(1,657)
Underlying profit
  
557 
  
507 
Asset sales
  
463 
  
122 
Volatile items
  
(610)
  
(199)
Liability management
  
– 
  
168 
Fair value unwind
  
127 
  
30 
Management profit
  
537 
  
628 
         
Banking net interest margin
  
1.91% 
  
1.95% 
Cost:income ratio
  
54.5% 
  
54.2% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
1.05% 
  
1.14% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
0.66% 
  
0.58% 


Group
  
Quarter 
ended 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Quarter 
ended 
30 Sept 
2011 
  
Quarter 
ended 
30 June 
2011 
  
Quarter 
ended 
31 March 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
                 
Net interest income
  
2,803 
  
3,052 
  
3,057 
  
3,298 
Other income
  
2,246 
  
1,987 
  
2,554 
  
2,392 
Insurance claims
  
(58)
  
(87)
  
(84)
  
(114)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,991 
  
4,952 
  
5,527 
  
5,576 
Total costs
  
(2,712)
  
(2,577)
  
(2,581)
  
(2,751)
Impairment
  
(2,409)
  
(1,956)
  
(2,814)
  
(2,608)
Underlying profit (loss)
  
(130)
  
419 
  
132 
  
217 
Asset sales
  
208 
  
(12)
  
9 
  
79 
Volatile items
  
(528)
  
142 
  
91 
  
(443)
Liability management
  
1,295 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind
  
92 
  
95 
  
588 
  
431 
Management profit (loss)
  
937 
  
644 
  
820 
  
284 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
1.97% 
  
2.05% 
  
2.09% 
  
2.16% 
Cost:income ratio
  
54.3% 
  
52.0% 
  
46.7% 
  
49.3% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
1.63% 
  
1.30% 
  
1.84% 
  
1.70% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
(0.14)% 
  
0.44% 
  
0.14% 
  
0.22% 


 
 
 


 
QUARTERLY MANAGEMENT BASIS INFORMATION – CORE BUSINESS

Core
  
Quarter 
ended 
30 June 
2012 
  
Quarter 
ended 
31 March 
2012 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
         
Net interest income
  
2,487 
  
2,461 
Other income
  
1,888 
  
1,999 
Insurance claims
  
(125)
  
(108)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,250 
  
4,352 
Total costs
  
(2,304)
  
(2,343)
Impairment
  
(566)
  
(412)
Underlying profit
  
1,380 
  
1,597 
Asset sales
  
445 
  
196 
Volatile items
  
(610)
  
(199)
Liability management
  
– 
  
168 
Fair value unwind
  
(78)
  
(184)
Management profit
  
1,137 
  
1,578 
         
Banking net interest margin
  
2.32% 
  
2.32% 
Cost:income ratio
  
54.2% 
  
53.8% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.52% 
  
0.36% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.31% 
  
2.65% 


Core
  
Quarter 
ended 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Quarter 
ended 
30 Sept 
2011 
  
Quarter 
ended 
30 June 
2011 
  
Quarter 
ended 
31 March 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
                 
Net interest income
  
2,596 
  
2,761 
  
2,682 
  
2,854 
Other income
  
2,000 
  
1,849 
  
2,235 
  
2,131 
Insurance claims
  
(58)
  
(87)
  
(84)
  
(114)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
4,538 
  
4,523 
  
4,833 
  
4,871 
Total costs
  
(2,456)
  
(2,366)
  
(2,341)
  
(2,519)
Impairment
  
(640)
  
(611)
  
(907)
  
(729)
Underlying profit
  
1,442 
  
1,546 
  
1,585 
  
1,623 
Asset sales
  
111 
  
6 
  
48 
  
59 
Volatile items
  
(528)
  
142 
  
91 
  
(443)
Liability management
  
1,295 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind
  
(346)
  
(185)
  
(64)
  
(33)
Management profit
  
1,974 
  
1,509 
  
1,660 
  
1,206 
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
2.34% 
  
2.47% 
  
2.39% 
  
2.47% 
Cost:income ratio
  
54.1% 
  
52.3% 
  
48.4% 
  
51.7% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
0.56% 
  
0.55% 
  
0.80% 
  
0.64% 
Return on risk-weighted assets
  
2.32% 
  
2.43% 
  
2.48% 
  
2.53% 


 
 
 


 
QUARTERLY MANAGEMENT BASIS INFORMATION – NON-CORE BUSINESS
 
Non-core
  
Quarter 
ended 
30 June 
2012 
  
Quarter 
ended 
31 March 
2012 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
         
Net interest income
  
95 
  
172 
Other income
  
173 
  
204 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
268 
  
376 
Total costs
  
(157)
  
(221)
Impairment
  
(934)
  
(1,245)
Underlying loss
  
(823)
  
(1,090)
Asset sales
  
18 
  
(74)
Volatile items
  
– 
  
– 
Liability management
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind
  
205 
  
214 
Management loss
  
(600)
  
(950)
         
Banking net interest margin
  
0.50% 
  
0.70% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
2.88% 
  
3.71% 


Non-core
  
Quarter 
ended 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Quarter 
ended 
30 Sept 
2011 
  
Quarter 
ended 
30 June 
2011 
  
Quarter 
ended 
31 March 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
                 
Net interest income
  
207 
  
291 
  
375 
  
444 
Other income
  
246 
  
138 
  
319 
  
261 
Insurance claims
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
453 
  
429 
  
694 
  
705 
Total costs
  
(256)
  
(211)
  
(240)
  
(232)
Impairment
  
(1,769)
  
(1,345)
  
(1,907)
  
(1,879)
Underlying loss
(1,572)
  
(1,127)
  
(1,453)
  
(1,406)
Asset sales
97 
  
(18)
  
(39)
  
20 
Volatile items
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Liability management
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind
438 
  
280 
  
652 
  
464 
Management loss
(1,037)
  
(865)
  
(840)
  
(922)
                 
Banking net interest margin
  
0.75% 
  
0.87% 
  
1.16% 
  
1.24% 
Impairment as a % of average advances
  
5.01% 
  
3.64% 
  
4.93% 
  
4.82% 



 
 
 


 
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON A MANAGEMENT BASIS

1.         Basis of preparation of management basis information

Comparisons of results on a statutory basis are of limited benefit due to a number of factors.  In order to provide more meaningful and relevant comparatives, the results of the Group and divisions are presented on a management basis.  The key principles adopted in the preparation of the management basis of reporting are described below.

·  
In order to reflect the impact of the acquisition of HBOS, the following adjustments have been made:
 
–  
the amortisation of purchased intangible assets has been excluded; and
 
–  
the unwind of acquisition-related fair value adjustments is shown on one line in the management basis income statement, other than unwind related to asset sales which is included within the effects of asset sales, volatile items and liability management.
 
·  
In order to better present the business performance the effects of liability management, volatile items and asset sales are shown on separate lines in the management basis consolidated income statement and ‘underlying profit’ is profit before taking into account these items and fair value unwind.  Comparatives have been restated accordingly.
 
·  
The following items, not related to acquisition accounting, have also been excluded from management profit:
 
–  
volatility arising in insurance businesses;
 
–  
Integration and Simplification costs;
 
–  
EC mandated retail business disposal costs;
 
–  
the payment protection insurance provision;
 
–  
insurance gross up;
 
–  
certain past service pensions credits in respect of the Group’s defined benefit pension schemes; and
 
–  
the provision in relation to German insurance business litigation.

Following an increase in activity in the first half of 2012, sales of centrally held government bonds are now included in asset sales; comparatives have been restated accordingly.
 
 
 

1.         Basis of preparation of management basis information (continued)

The tables below set out a reconciliation from the published statutory results to the management basis results:

       
Removal of:
    
Half-year to
30 June 2012
  
Lloyds 
Banking 
Group 
statutory 
Acquisition 
related and 
other  items1
Volatility 
arising in 
insurance 
businesses 
Insurance 
gross up 
Payment 
protection 
insurance 
provision 
Fair value 
unwind 
Manage- 
ment 
basis 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
4,658 
  
(80)
  
(2)
  
327 
  
– 
  
312 
  
5,215 
Other income
  
11,595 
  
136 
  
26 
  
(7,468)
  
– 
  
(25)
  
4,264 
Insurance claims
  
(7,288)
  
– 
  
– 
  
7,055 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(233)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
8,965 
  
56 
  
24 
  
(86)
  
– 
  
287 
  
9,246 
Operating expenses2
  
(6,676)
  
505 
  
– 
  
86 
  
1,075 
  
(15)
  
(5,025)
Impairment
  
(2,728)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(429)
  
(3,157)
Underlying profit (loss)
(439)
  
561 
  
24 
  
– 
  
1,075 
  
(157)
  
1,064 
Asset sales
    
585 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
585 
Volatile items
    
(809)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(809)
Liability management
    
168 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
168 
Fair value unwind
    
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
157 
  
157 
(Loss) profit
(439)
  
505 
  
24 
  
– 
  
1,075 
  
– 
  
1,165 

1
Comprises the effects of asset sales (gain of £585 million), volatile items (loss of £809 million), liability management (gain of £168 million), Simplification costs related to severance, IT and business costs of implementation (£274 million), EC mandated retail business disposal costs (£239 million) and the amortisation of purchased intangibles (£242 million) and the past service pensions credit (£250 million).
2
Under the management basis, this is described as total costs.


 
 
 


 
1.         Basis of preparation of management basis information (continued)

       
Removal of:
    
Half-year to
30 June 2011
  
Lloyds 
Banking 
Group 
statutory 
Acquisition 
related and 
other items1
Volatility 
arising in 
insurance 
businesses 
Insurance 
gross up 
Payment 
protection 
insurance 
Fair value 
unwind 
Manage- 
ment 
basis 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
5,989 
  
(23)
  
(10)
  
102 
  
– 
  
297 
  
6,355 
Other income
  
10,540 
  
287 
  
187 
  
(5,644)
  
– 
  
(424)
  
4,946 
Insurance claims
  
(5,661)
  
– 
  
– 
  
5,463 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(198)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
10,868 
  
264 
  
177 
  
(79)
  
– 
  
(127)
  
11,103 
Operating expenses2
  
(9,628)
  
978 
  
– 
  
79 
  
3,200 
  
39 
  
(5,332)
Impairment
  
(4,491)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(931)
  
(5,422)
Underlying (loss) profit
  
(3,251)
  
1,242 
  
177 
  
– 
  
3,200 
  
(1,019)
  
349 
Asset sales
      
88 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
88 
Volatile items
      
(352)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(352)
Liability management
      
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Fair value unwind
      
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
1,019 
  
1,019 
(Loss) profit
(3,251)
  
978 
  
177 
  
– 
  
3,200 
  
– 
  
1,104 

1
Comprises the effects of asset sales (gain of £88 million), volatile items (loss of £352 million), integration and Simplification costs related to severance, IT and business costs of implementation (£642 million), EC mandated retail business disposal costs (£47 million) and the amortisation of purchased intangibles (£289 million).
2
Under the management basis, this is described as total costs.


       
Removal of:
    
Half-year to
31 December 2011
  
Lloyds 
Banking 
Group 
statutory 
Acquisition 
related and 
other items1
Volatility 
arising in 
insurance 
businesses 
Insurance 
gross up 
Legal and 
regulatory 
provisions2
Fair value 
unwind 
Manage- 
ment 
basis 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Net interest income
  
6,709 
  
(820)
  
(9)
  
(438)
  
– 
  
413 
  
5,855 
Other income
  
3,605 
  
(285)
  
670 
  
114 
  
– 
  
129 
  
4,233 
Insurance claims
  
(380)
  
– 
  
– 
  
235 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(145)
Total underlying income, net of insurance claims
  
9,934 
  
(1,105)
  
661 
  
(89)
  
– 
  
542 
  
9,943 
Operating expenses3
  
(6,622)
  
1,036 
  
– 
  
89 
  
175 
  
33 
  
(5,289)
Impairment
  
(3,603)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(762)
  
(4,365)
Underlying (loss) profit
(291)
  
(69)
  
661 
  
– 
  
175 
  
(187)
  
289 
Asset sales
    
196 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
196 
Volatile items
    
(386)
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(386)
Liability management
    
1,295 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
1,295 
Fair value unwind
    
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
187 
  
187 
(Loss) profit
(291)
  
1,036 
  
661 
  
– 
  
175 
  
– 
  
1,581 

1
Comprises the effects of asset sales (gain of £196 million), volatile items (loss of £386 million), liability management (gain of £1,295 million), integration and Simplification costs related to severance, IT and business costs of implementation (£640 million), EC mandated retail business disposal costs (£123 million) and the amortisation of purchased intangibles (£273 million).
2
Comprises the provision in relation to German insurance business litigation (£175 million).
3
Under the management basis, this is described as total costs.


 
 
 


 
2.         Banking net interest margin

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
             
Banking net interest margin
            
Banking net interest income
  
£5,300m 
  
£6,280m 
  
£5,814m 
             
Average interest-earning banking assets
  
£553.2bn 
  
£596.5bn 
  
£574.4bn 
Average interest-bearing banking liabilities
  
£383.3bn 
  
£358.8bn 
  
£369.1bn 
             
Banking net interest margin
  
1.93% 
  
2.12% 
  
2.01% 
Banking asset margin
  
1.10% 
  
1.54% 
  
1.38% 
Banking liability margin
  
1.19% 
  
0.97% 
  
0.98% 
             
Core
            
Banking net interest margin
  
2.32% 
  
2.43% 
  
2.40% 
Banking net interest income
  
£4,921m 
  
£5,383m 
  
£5,229m 
Average interest-earning banking assets
  
£426.5bn 
  
£445.9bn 
  
£431.6bn 
             
Non-core
            
Banking net interest margin
  
0.60% 
  
1.20% 
  
0.81% 
Banking net interest income
  
£379m 
  
£897m 
  
£585m 
Average interest-earning banking assets
  
£126.7bn 
  
£150.6bn 
  
£142.8bn 

Banking net interest income is analysed for asset and liability margins based on interest earned and paid on average assets and average liabilities respectively, adjusted for Funds Transfer Pricing, which prices intra-group funding and liquidity.  Centrally held wholesale funding costs and related items are included in the Group banking asset margin.

Average interest-earning banking assets, which are calculated gross of related impairment allowances, and average interest-bearing banking liabilities relate solely to customer and product balances in the banking businesses on which interest is earned or paid.  Funding and capital balances including debt securities in issue, subordinated debt, repos and shareholders’ equity are excluded from the calculation of average interest-bearing banking liabilities.  However, the cost of funding these balances allocated to the banking businesses is included in banking net interest income.

A reconciliation of banking net interest income to Group net interest income showing the items that are excluded in determining banking net interest income follows:

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
             
Banking net interest income – management basis
  
5,300 
  
6,280 
  
5,814 
Insurance division
  
(37)
  
(25)
  
(42)
Other net interest income (including trading activity)
  
(48)
  
100 
  
83 
Group net interest income – management basis
  
5,215 
  
6,355 
  
5,855 
             
Fair value unwind
  
(312)
  
(297)
  
(413)
Banking volatility and liability management gains
  
80 
  
23 
  
820 
Insurance gross up
  
(327)
  
(102)
  
438 
Volatility arising in insurance businesses
  
2 
  
10 
  
9 
Group net interest income – statutory
  
4,658 
  
5,989 
  
6,709 

 
 
 


3.         Volatility arising in insurance businesses

The Group's statutory result before tax is affected by insurance volatility, caused by movements in financial markets, and policyholder interests volatility, which primarily reflects the gross up of policyholder tax included in the Group tax charge.

In the first half of 2012 the Group’s statutory result before tax included negative insurance and policyholder interests volatility totalling £24 million compared to negative volatility of £177 million in the first half of 2011.

Volatility comprises the following:
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Insurance volatility
  
(6)
  
(69)
Policyholder interests volatility1
  
(15)
  
(106)
Total volatility
  
(21)
  
(175)
Insurance hedging arrangements
  
(3)
  
(2)
Total
  
(24)
  
(177)

1
Includes volatility relating to the Group’s interest in St James’s Place.

Insurance volatility
The Group’s insurance business has liability products that are supported by substantial holdings of investments, including equities, property and fixed interest investments, all of which are subject to variations in their value.  The value of the liabilities does not move exactly in line with changes in the value of the investments, yet IFRS requires that the changes in both the value of the liabilities and investments be reflected within the income statement.  As these investments are substantial and movements in their value can have a significant impact on the profitability of the Group, management believes that it is appropriate to disclose the division’s results on the basis of an expected return in addition to results based on the actual return.

The expected sterling investment returns used to determine the normalised profit of the business, which are based on prevailing market rates and published research into historical investment return differentials, are set out below:

United Kingdom (Sterling)
  
2012 
  
2011 
  
2010 
   
% 
  
% 
  
% 
             
Gilt yields (gross)
  
2.48 
  
3.99 
  
4.45 
Equity returns (gross)
  
5.48 
  
6.99 
  
7.45 
Dividend yield
  
3.00 
  
3.00 
  
3.00 
Property return (gross)
  
5.48 
  
6.99 
  
7.45 
Corporate bonds in unit-linked and with-profit funds (gross)
  
3.08 
  
4.59 
  
5.05 
Fixed interest investments backing annuity liabilities (gross)
  
3.89 
  
4.78 
  
5.30 

The impact on the results due to the actual return on these investments differing from the expected return (based upon economic assumptions made at the beginning of the year) is included within insurance volatility.  Changes in market variables also affect the realistic valuation of the guarantees and options embedded within the With Profits Funds, the value of the in-force business and the value of shareholders’ funds.

The negative insurance volatility during the period ended 30 June 2012 in the Insurance division was £6 million, primarily reflecting lower cash returns compared to long-term expectations.  This has been broadly offset by the favourable performance of equity investments in the period.
 
 
 


 
3.         Volatility arising in insurance businesses (continued)

Group hedging arrangements
To protect against further deterioration in equity market conditions, and the consequent negative impact on the value of in-force business on the Group balance sheet, the Group purchased put option contracts in 2011, financed by selling some upside potential from equity market movements.  These expired in 2012 and the charge booked in 2012 on these contracts was £3 million.  New protection was acquired in 2012 to replace the expired contracts.  There was no initial cost associated with these hedging arrangements.  On a mark-to-market valuation basis the new contracts were profit neutral in the first half of 2012.

Policyholder interests volatility
The application of accounting standards results in the introduction of other sources of significant volatility into the pre-tax profits of the life, pensions and investments business.  In order to provide a clearer representation of the performance of the business, and consistent with the way in which it is managed, adjustments are made to remove this volatility from underlying profits.  The effect of these adjustments is separately disclosed as policyholder interests volatility; there is no impact upon profit attributable to equity shareholders over the long-term.

The most significant of these additional sources of volatility is policyholder tax.  Accounting standards require that tax on policyholder investment returns should be included in the Group’s tax charge rather than being offset against the related income.  The impact is, therefore, to either increase or decrease profit before tax with a corresponding change in the tax charge.  Over the longer term the charges levied to policyholders to cover policyholder tax on investment returns and the related tax provisions are expected to offset.  In practice timing and measurement differences exist between provisions for tax and charges made to policyholders.  Consistent with the normalised approach taken in respect of insurance volatility, differences in the expected levels of the policyholder tax provision and policyholder charges are adjusted through policyholder interests volatility.  Other sources of volatility include the minorities’ share of the profits earned by investment vehicles which are not wholly owned by the long-term assurance funds.

In the first half of 2012, the statutory results before tax included a charge to other income which relates to policyholder interests volatility totalling £15 million (first half of 2011: £106 million).


4.         Number of employees (full-time equivalent)

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
         
Retail
  
42,671 
  
43,264 
Wholesale
  
3,703 
  
3,713 
Commercial
  
5,216 
  
5,227 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
9,789 
  
10,148 
Insurance
  
6,233 
  
6,475 
Group Operations
  
20,662 
  
22,059 
Central items
  
12,171 
  
12,488 
   
100,445 
  
103,374 
Agency staff (full-time equivalent)
  
(4,470)
  
(4,836)
Total number of employees (full-time equivalent)
  
95,975 
  
98,538 


 
 
 


 
RISK MANAGEMENT

 
Page 
Risk management approach
91 
Principal risks and uncertainties
91 
Economy
91 
Liquidity and funding
93 
Credit risk
100 
Exposures to Eurozone countries
129 
Regulatory
138 
Market risk
141 
Customer treatment
142 
People
142 
Insurance
143 
State funding and state aid
144 

The income statement numbers in this section have been presented on a management basis.


 
 
 

RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACH

There have been no material changes to the Group’s approach to risk management as described in the risk management report within the Lloyds Banking Group annual report and accounts for the year ended 31 December 2011.

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Economy
Global economic growth deteriorated in the first half of 2012.  Emerging markets, having been the mainstay of global growth since the financial crisis broke, slowed as last year’s monetary policy tightening designed to tackle rising inflation took effect.  In the Eurozone, some countries with particularly high government debt or deficit levels have struggled to achieve the necessary fiscal tightening to bring their public finances onto a sustainable trajectory, and their growth prospects weakened significantly as more tightening was planned and their costs of sovereign borrowing rose.  Greece completed a private sector sovereign debt restructuring, but it remains unclear that their government finances are yet on a sustainable trajectory and that the economy can start to recover while further sharp budget reductions are attempted.  Fiscal slippage was most significant in Spain, and combined with lack of clarity over how and when required capital injections for the banks can be taken on by the European Stability Mechanism rather than individual governments has caused financial markets to lose confidence in the sustainability of the sovereign debt position as their recession deepens.  Given the unwillingness of creditor countries within the Eurozone to enact a quick solution to the crisis in the form of fiscal union, due to political difficulty and concerns that it would reduce pressure for necessary reforms, speculation of Euro break-up in some form increased and in turn reduced business confidence.  In the US, public finance concerns are less immediate, but the unsustainable long-term trajectory of debt on current policies has led to political stalemate, raising the risk of sudden fiscal tightening at the start of 2013 as previous loosening measures expire.

Whilst initial GDP estimates are unreliable, current data suggests the UK economy entered a ‘double-dip’ recession in the first quarter of 2012, on the technical definition of two consecutive quarters of falling GDP.  Preliminary data for the second quarter shows a further dip.  The underlying declines in GDP across the three quarters are small, however, and generally consistent with a broadly stagnant economy rather than one falling into a deepening contraction.  The worsening outlook for the Eurozone is encouraging companies to postpone investment spending and recruitment, and consumers’ incomes continue to be squeezed by declining wage growth offsetting the recent improvement in inflation.  Unemployment, however, declined slightly from 8.4 per cent in the final quarter of 2011 to 8.1 per cent in the three months to May 2012.  Company failures in England and Wales rose further in the first quarter to 4,303 from 4,294 in the fourth quarter of 2011 and a low point of 3,965 in the third quarter of 2010, although the failure rate remained steady at just 0.7 per cent of companies, close to its pre-recession trough.  Property prices have been mixed so far this year – house prices on average rose marginally by 1.6 per cent between December 2011 and June 2012, and commercial property prices fell on average by 2 per cent.

The Irish economy appears to have grown in 2011 for the first time since 2007, by 1.4 per cent, and the unemployment rate appears to have stabilised.  Strict austerity measures in recent years targeted at improving international competitiveness are beginning to pay off – weak domestic demand is now being more than offset by increasing net exports.  Property markets remain very weak, however; house prices fell by over 16 per cent in 2011 and CRE prices by 11 per cent.  Despite the large fall in prices already, an overhang of vacant property continues to weigh on market prices.  House prices fell by a further 5 per cent in the first five months of 2012, and CRE prices by 1.8 per cent during the first quarter.

Future economic developments in the UK and Ireland are highly contingent on how successful political leaders are at stemming the Eurozone crisis, to what extent the private sector can offset shrinking of the public sector, and how the implementation of new regulation on banks impacts their ability to supply credit whilst meeting tighter capital and liquidity criteria.  The recent weakening in the Eurozone economy and the balance of risks make recession there through 2012 the most likely scenario.
 
 
 


 
PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (continued)

The current consensus view for 2012 UK GDP growth is 0.1 per cent.  The low level of imbalances in the economy relative to the 2008 position suggest that weak growth should not deteriorate into significant recession provided the Eurozone crisis doesn’t deteriorate further.  The UK Bank Rate is likely to stay at current low levels through the remainder of this year and next.  House prices are expected to be broadly stable over 2012-13, and CRE prices to fall by around 5 per cent this year before stabilising in 2013.  Unemployment is likely to rise further, however, as significant public sector job cuts remain to be made.  The current consensus view for 2012 Irish GDP growth is for another year of very weak but positive growth in 2012, and the unemployment rate there is expected to remain broadly stable through the rest of the year.  We expect property prices to fall further through the second half of 2012, but overall by less than in 2011 – indeed recent months suggest that the decline in house prices has already slowed significantly.

However, whilst creditor Eurozone countries continue to inch only slowly towards a definitive solution to the sovereign debt crisis there continues to be a high risk that ongoing uncertainty around the Eurozone economic outlook, the survival of the Euro currency and the availability of credit could result in an even longer period of stagnation in the UK and Ireland, or could cause a significant recession.  Either scenario would likely result in higher unemployment and higher corporate failures in the UK.  A deeper recession would likely lead to a second leg of falling UK property prices, albeit by less than during the 2008-9 recession, and rising commercial tenant defaults.  Irish property prices would also fall by more than currently expected.  In turn, these developments would have a negative impact on the Group’s income, funding costs and impairment charges.
 
 
 


 
Liquidity and funding risk

Liquidity and funding continues to remain a key area of focus for the Group and the industry as a whole.  Like all major banks, the Group is dependent on maintaining confidence in the short and long-term wholesale funding markets.  Should the Group, due to exceptional circumstances, be unable to continue to source sustainable funding, its ability to fund its financial obligations could be impacted.

During the first half of 2012 there has been strong investor demand across a range of term products, notwithstanding fears over the Eurozone and the threat of credit rating downgrades.  The Group took advantage of this demand and completed its full year 2012 term funding requirement in the first half.  The stock of primary liquid assets increased during the half and the Group continued to meet its regulatory liquidity ratios at all times.

The key dependencies on successfully funding the Group’s balance sheet include the continued functioning of the money and capital markets; successful right-sizing of the Group’s balance sheet; the repayment of the Government Credit Guarantee Scheme facilities in accordance with the agreed terms; no further deterioration in the Group’s credit rating; and no significant or sudden withdrawal of deposits resulting in increased reliance on money markets.  Additionally, the Group has entered into a number of EU state aid related obligations to achieve reductions in certain parts of its balance sheet by the end of 2014 (further details are provided on page 144).  These are assumed within the Group’s funding plan.  The requirement to meet this deadline may result in the Group having to provide funding to support these asset reductions and/or disposals and may also result in a lower price being achieved.

The combination of right-sizing the balance sheet and continued development of the retail deposit base has seen the Group’s wholesale funding requirement reduced materially in the past three years.  The progress the Group has made to date in diversifying its funding sources has further strengthened its funding base with further significant progress during the first half of 2012.

Group funding by type
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£bn 
  
% 
  
£bn 
  
% 
                 
Deposits from banks1
  
21.8 
  
3.4 
  
25.4 
  
3.9 
Debt securities in issue:1
                
Certificates of deposit
  
16.9 
  
2.7 
  
28.0 
  
4.3 
Commercial paper
  
8.4 
  
1.3 
  
18.0 
  
2.7 
Medium-term notes2
  
53.3 
  
8.4 
  
69.8 
  
10.6 
Covered bonds
  
40.6 
  
6.4 
  
36.6 
  
5.6 
Securitisation
  
37.6 
  
6.0 
  
37.5 
  
5.7 
   
156.8 
  
24.8 
  
189.9 
  
28.9 
Subordinated liabilities1
  
35.2 
  
5.6 
  
35.9 
  
5.4 
Total wholesale funding3
  
213.8 
  
33.8 
  
251.2 
  
38.2 
Customer deposits
  
419.1 
  
66.2 
  
405.9 
  
61.8 
Total Group funding4
  
632.9 
  
100.0 
  
657.1 
  
100.0 

1
A reconciliation to the Group’s balance sheet is provided on page 96.
2
Medium-term notes include £4.9 billion of funding from the Credit Guarantee Scheme (31 December 2011: £23.5 billion).
3
The Group’s definition of wholesale funding aligns with that used by other international market participants; including interbank deposits, debt securities in issue and subordinated liabilities.
4
Excluding repos and total equity.

Total wholesale funding reduced by £37.4 billion to £213.8 billion, the volume with a residual maturity less than one year falling £40.0 billion to £73.3 billion.  Term wholesale funding for the year totalled £19.5 billion, in excess of plan.  The Group term funding ratio (wholesale funding with a remaining life of over one year as a percentage of total wholesale funding) improved to 65.7 per cent (55 per cent at 31 December 2011) due to good progress in new term issuance and a significant reduction in short-term money market funding.
 
 
 


Liquidity and funding risk (continued)

Total wholesale funding is analysed by residual maturity as follows:

Wholesale funding by residual maturity
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£bn 
  
% 
  
£bn 
  
% 
                 
Less than one year
  
73.3 
  
34.3 
  
113.3 
  
45.1 
One to two years
  
25.5 
  
11.9 
  
26.0 
  
10.4 
Two to five years
  
58.4 
  
27.3 
  
60.2 
  
23.9 
More than five years
  
56.6 
  
26.5 
  
51.7 
  
20.6 
Total wholesale funding
  
213.8 
  
100.0 
  
251.2 
  
100.0 

Less than one year
  
73.3 
  
34.3 
  
113.3 
  
45.1 
Of which secured
  
18.5 
  
25.2 
  
24.4 
  
21.5 
Of which unsecured
  
54.8 
  
74.8 
  
88.9 
  
78.5 
                 
Greater than one year
  
140.5 
  
65.7 
  
137.9 
  
54.9 
Of which secured
  
64.3 
  
45.8 
  
63.0 
  
45.7 
Of which unsecured
  
76.2 
  
54.2 
  
74.9 
  
54.3 

Wholesale funding less than one year includes money markets funding of £44.4 billion (31 December 2011: £69.1 billion; 30 June 2011: £92.9 billion).  The total money markets funding at 30 June 2012 was £47.1 billion.

The table below summarises the Group’s term issuance during 2012.  The challenge of meeting the Group’s 2012 issuance plan in a very volatile market was successfully accomplished by the ability of the Group to access a diverse range of markets and currencies, both in unsecured and secured form.

Analysis of 2012 term issuance
   
Sterling 
  
US Dollar 
  
Euro 
  
Other 
currencies 
  
Total 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                     
Securitisation
  
1.0 
  
1.6 
  
1.2 
  
0.5 
  
4.3 
Medium-term notes
  
1.4 
  
0.9 
  
1.3 
  
0.5 
  
4.1 
Covered bonds
  
2.5 
  
– 
  
1.0 
  
– 
  
3.5 
Private placements1
  
3.7 
  
1.0 
  
1.1 
  
1.8 
  
7.6 
Total issuance
  
8.6 
  
3.5 
  
4.6 
  
2.8 
  
19.5 

1
Private placements include structured bonds and term repurchase agreements (repos).

The wholesale funding position includes debt issued under the legacy Government Credit Guarantee Scheme, for which the last maturity will occur in October 2012.

The ratio of customer loans to deposits improved to 126 per cent compared with 135 per cent at 31 December 2011.  Loans and advances reduced by £20 billion and customer deposits increased by £13 billion, representing growth of 3 per cent in 2012.
 
 
 


Liquidity and funding risk (continued)

Group funding position
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Change 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
% 
             
Funding requirement
            
Loans and advances to customers1
  
528.6 
  
548.8 
  
(4)
Loans and advances to banks2
  
9.5 
  
10.3 
  
(8)
Debt securities
  
6.5 
  
12.5 
  
(48)
Reverse repurchase agreements
  
0.3 
  
– 
    
Available-for-sale financial assets – secondary3
  
7.7 
  
12.0 
  
(36)
Cash balances4
  
3.2 
  
4.1 
  
(22)
Funded assets
  
555.8 
  
587.7 
  
(5)
Other assets5
  
296.1 
  
286.1 
  
3 
Total Group assets before primary liquidity assets
  
851.9 
  
873.8 
  
(3)
On balance sheet primary liquidity assets6
            
Reverse repurchase agreements
  
5.8 
  
17.3 
  
(66)
Balances at central banks – primary4
  
84.4 
  
56.6 
  
49 
Available-for-sale financial assets – primary
  
25.1 
  
25.4 
  
(1)
Held to maturity
  
10.9 
  
8.1 
  
35 
Trading and fair value through profit and loss
  
(13.2)
  
(3.5)
    
Repurchase agreements
  
(3.5)
  
(7.2)
  
51 
   
109.5 
  
96.7 
  
13 
Total Group assets
  
961.4 
  
970.5 
  
(1)
Less: Other liabilities5
  
(258.2)
  
(251.6)
  
(3)
Funding requirement
  
703.2 
  
718.9 
  
(2)
Funded by
            
Customer deposits7
  
419.1 
  
405.9 
  
3 
Wholesale funding
  
213.8 
  
251.2 
  
(15)
   
632.9 
  
657.1 
    
Repurchase agreements
  
23.7 
  
15.2 
  
56 
Total equity
  
46.6 
  
46.6 
    
Total funding
  
703.2 
  
718.9 
  
(2)

1
Excludes £5.8 billion (31 December 2011: £16.8 billion) of reverse repurchase agreements.
2
Excludes £22.0 billion (31 December 2011: £21.8 billion) of loans and advances to banks within the insurance businesses and £0.3 billion (31 December 2011: £0.5 billion) of reverse repurchase agreements.
3
Secondary liquidity assets comprise a diversified pool of highly rated unencumbered collateral (including retained issuance).
4
Cash balances and balances at central banks – primary are combined in the Group’s balance sheet.
5
Other assets and other liabilities primarily include balances in the Group’s insurance businesses and the fair value of derivative assets and liabilities.
6
Primary liquidity assets are FSA eligible liquid assets including UK Gilts, US Treasuries, Euro AAA government debt and unencumbered cash balances held at central banks.
7
Excluding repurchase agreements of £4.1 billion (31 December 2011: £8.0 billion).


 
 
 


 
Liquidity and funding risk (continued)

Encumbered assets
The Group remains a consistent issuer in a number of secured funding markets, in particular Retail Mortgage Backed Securities (RMBS) and covered bonds.

The Group’s level of encumbrance arising from external issuance of securitisation and covered bonds has remained broadly constant, reflecting the maturity and stability of the Group’s utilisation of this form of term funding, and the established cycle of redemptions and new issuance.  Total notes issued externally from secured programmes (ABS and covered bonds) have increased from £74.1 billion at 31 December 2011 to £78.2 billion, reflecting gross issuance of £7.8 billion in the first half of 2012.  The Group is able to access open market operations and apply to access liquidity facilities at a number of central banks and a total of £76.7 billion (2011: £118.5 billion) of notes issued under securitisation and covered bond programmes have been retained internally, the bulk of which are held to provide pools of collateral eligible for use in central banks’ liquidity facilities and operations.

Reconciliation of Group funding figure to the balance sheet

As at 30 June 2012
  
Included in 
funding 
analysis 
(above) 
  
Repos 
  
Fair value 
and other 
accounting 
methods 
  
Balance 
sheet 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                 
Deposits from banks
  
21.8 
  
23.1 
  
– 
  
44.9 
Debt securities in issue
  
156.8 
  
– 
  
(6.3)
  
150.5 
Subordinated liabilities
  
35.2 
  
– 
  
(0.4)
  
34.8 
Total wholesale funding
  
213.8 
  
23.1 
        
Customer deposits
  
419.1 
  
4.1 
  
– 
  
423.2 
Total
  
632.9 
  
27.2 
        

As at 31 December 2011
  
Included in 
funding 
analysis 
(above) 
  
Repos 
  
Fair value 
and other 
accounting 
methods 
  
Balance 
sheet 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                 
Deposits from banks
  
25.4 
  
14.4 
  
– 
  
39.8 
Debt securities in issue
  
189.9 
  
– 
  
(4.8)
  
185.1 
Subordinated liabilities
  
35.9 
  
– 
  
(0.8)
  
35.1 
Total wholesale funding
  
251.2 
  
14.4 
        
Customer deposits
  
405.9 
  
8.0 
  
– 
  
413.9 
Total
  
657.1 
  
22.4 
        


 
 
 


 
Liquidity and funding risk (continued)

Liquidity management
Liquidity is managed at the aggregate Group level, with active monitoring at both business unit and Group level.  Monitoring and control processes are in place to address both internal and regulatory requirements.  In a stress situation the level of monitoring and reporting is increased commensurate with the nature of the stress event.

The Group carries out stress testing of its liquidity position against a range of scenarios, including those prescribed by the FSA.  The Group’s liquidity risk appetite is also calibrated against a number of stressed liquidity metrics.

The Group’s stress testing framework considers these factors, including the impact of a range of economic and liquidity stress scenarios over both short and longer term horizons.  Internal stress testing results at 30 June 2012 show that the Group has liquidity resources representing more than 167 per cent of modelled outflows from all wholesale funding sources, corporate deposits and rating dependent contracts under the Group’s severe liquidity stress scenario.  In the first half of 2012, the Group has maintained its liquidity levels in excess of the ILG regulatory minimum (FSA’s Individual Liquidity Adequacy Standards) at all times.  Funding projections show the Group will achieve the proposed Basel 3 liquidity and funding requirements in advance of expected implementation dates.

The Group’s stress testing shows that further credit rating downgrades may reduce investor appetite for some of the Group’s liability classes and therefore funding capacity.  Since the fourth quarter of 2011, the Group has experienced downgrades in its long-term rating of between one and two notches from three of the major rating agencies.  The impact that the Group experienced following the downgrades was consistent with the Group’s modelled outcomes based on the stress testing framework.  The Group has materially reduced its wholesale funding in recent years and operates a well diversified funding platform which together lessens the impact of stress events.

Within the Group’s stress testing framework, the more severe scenarios assume the Group being able to access open market operations and apply to access liquidity facilities at a number of central banks.

The Group’s borrowing costs and issuance in the capital markets are dependent on a number of factors, and increased cost or reduction of capacity could materially adversely affect the Group’s results of operations, financial condition and prospects.  In particular, reduction in the credit rating of the Group or deterioration in the capital markets’ perception of the Group’s financial resilience could significantly increase its borrowing costs and limit its issuance capacity in the capital markets.  As an indicator over the last 12 months the spread between an index of A rated long-term senior unsecured bank debt and an index of similar BBB rated bank debt, both of which are publicly available, has ranged between 75 and 195 basis points.  The applicability to and implications for the Group's funding cost would depend on the type of issuance, and prevailing market conditions.  The impact on the Group’s funding cost is subject to a number of assumptions and uncertainties and is therefore impossible to quantify precisely.

Downgrades of the Group’s long-term debt rating could lead to additional collateral posting and cash outflow.  A hypothetical simultaneous one or two notch downgrade of the Group’s long-term debt rating from all major rating agencies, triggering a short term ratings downgrade after initial actions within management’s control, could result in an outflow of £4 billion of collateral posting related to customer financial contracts and £16 billion of cash and £22 billion of collateral posting associated with secured funding programmes.  The Group continues to consider other management and restructuring actions that could materially reduce the amount of required collateral postings under derivative contracts related to its own secured funding programmes.

The downgrades that the Group has experienced since the fourth quarter of 2011, did not significantly change its borrowing costs, reduce its issuance capacity or require significant collateral posting.  Even in the case of a simultaneous two notch downgrade from all rating agencies, the Group would remain investment grade.
 
 
 


 
Liquidity and funding risk (continued)

At 30 June 2012, the Group had £215 billion of highly liquid unencumbered assets in its liquidity portfolio which are available to meet cash and collateral outflows, as illustrated in the table below.  This liquidity is available for deployment at immediate notice, subject to complying with regulatory requirements, and is a key component of the Group’s liquidity management process.

Liquidity portfolio:
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
         
Primary liquidity
  
105.0 
  
94.8 
Secondary liquidity
  
109.9 
  
107.4 
Total
  
214.9 
  
202.2 


Primary liquidity
  
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Average 
2012
  
Average 
2011 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                 
Central bank cash deposits
  
84.4 
  
56.6 
  
76.4 
  
51.4 
Government bonds
  
20.6 
  
38.2 
  
27.2 
  
48.4 
Total
  
105.0 
  
94.8 
  
103.6 
  
99.8 


Secondary liquidity
  
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
  
Average 
2012 
  
Average 
2011 
   
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
  
£bn 
                 
High-quality ABS/covered bonds
  
1.9 
  
1.4 
  
1.9 
  
8.0 
Credit institution bonds
  
3.5 
  
2.1 
  
2.3 
  
3.7 
Corporate bonds
  
0.1 
  
0.3 
  
0.2 
  
0.6 
Own securities (retained issuance)
  
47.1 
  
81.6 
  
55.3 
  
76.8 
Other securities
  
9.2 
  
8.6 
  
8.7 
  
9.2 
Other1
  
48.1 
  
13.4 
  
44.1 
  
6.4 
Total
  
109.9 
  
107.4 
  
112.5 
  
104.7 

1
Includes other central bank eligible assets.

Following the introduction of the FSA’s Individual Liquidity Guidance under ILAS, the Group now manages its liquidity position as a coverage ratio (proportion of stressed outflows covered by primary liquid assets) rather than by reference to a quantum of liquid assets; the liquidity position reflects a buffer over the regulatory minimum.  The Group currently receives no recognition under ILAS for assets held for secondary liquidity purposes.

Primary liquid assets of £105 billion represent approximately 223 per cent (133 per cent at 31 December 2011) of the Group’s money market funding positions and are approximately 143 per cent (84 per cent at 31 December 2011) of all wholesale funding with a maturity of less than a year, and thus provides substantial buffer in the event of continued market dislocation.

Many central banks provide open market operations and liquidity facilities such as the European Central Bank’s Long-Term Refinancing Operation and the Bank of England’s Sterling Monetary Framework Operations.  The Group is able to access open market operations and apply to access liquidity facilities at a number of central banks and makes use of this ability as part of its liquidity management practices.  Further use of such operations and facilities will be based on prudent liquidity management and economic considerations, having regard for external market conditions.
 
 
 


 
Liquidity and funding risk (continued)

The Group notes the Basel Committee’s Principles of Sound Liquidity Risk Management and Supervision (Sound Principles).  The planned introduction of the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR – January 2015) and Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR – January 2018) contained within CRD IV are intended to raise the resilience of banks to potential liquidity shocks and provide the basis for a harmonised approach to liquidity risk management.  The LCR measure promotes short-term resilience of the liquidity profile by ensuring that banks have sufficient high quality liquid assets to meet potential funding outflows in a stressed environment within a one month period.  The NSFR promotes resilience over a longer time horizon by requiring banks to fund their activities with a more stable source of funding on a going concern basis.  This has a time horizon of one year and has been developed to ensure a sustainable maturity structure of assets and liabilities.

The guidance issued by the Basel Committee is still subject to final ratification by the EU and the methodology is likely to be refined on the basis of feedback from banks and regulators during the observation period.  The actions already announced to right size the balance sheet are expected to ensure compliance with the future minimum standards.  These standards are expected to be 100 per cent for both ratios by their respective effective dates.
 
 
 


Credit risk – Group

Overview
·  
The Group achieved a significant reduction in its impairment charge from £5,422 million in the first half of 2011 to £3,157 million in the first half of 2012, a reduction of 42 per cent.  This was due primarily to lower impairments in the non-core Irish and Australasian portfolios, together with strong Retail performance and lower charges on leveraged acquisition finance exposures within Wholesale.
 
·  
These lower charges were supported by the continued application of our conservative risk appetite and strong risk management controls resulting in an improved portfolio overall and good new business quality.  The portfolio also benefited from continued low interest rates, and broadly stable UK retail property prices, partly offset by subdued UK economic growth, high unemployment and a weak commercial real estate market.
 
·  
The Group’s overall core impairment charge of £978 million during the first half of 2012 was materially lower compared to £1,636 million in the first half of 2011, primarily driven by better performance in all divisions.
 
·  
The Group’s non-core impairment charge in the first half of 2012 of £2,179 million was also materially lower compared to £3,786 million during the first half of 2011.  This is primarily driven by lower impairment from the non-core Irish and Australasian portfolios.
 
·  
Prudent credit policies and procedures are in place throughout the Group, focusing on development of enduring client relationships through the cycle.  As a result of this approach, the credit quality of new lending remains strong.
 
·  
The Group’s more difficult exposures are being managed successfully in the current challenging economic environment by the Wholesale Business Support Units and Retail Collection and Recovery Units.  The Group’s exposure to Ireland is being closely managed, with a dedicated UK-based business support team in place to manage the winding down of the book.
 
·  
The Group continues to proactively manage down sovereign as well as banking and trading book exposure to selected Eurozone countries.
 
·  
Divestment strategy is focused on balance sheet reduction and also on the disposal of higher risk positions.

Impairment charge by division
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Retail
  
758 
  
1,173 
  
35 
  
797 
Wholesale
  
993 
  
1,442 
  
31 
  
1,259 
Commercial
  
109 
  
160 
  
32 
  
143 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
1,297 
  
2,647 
  
51 
  
2,163 
Central items
  
– 
  
– 
      
3 
Total impairment charge
  
3,157 
  
5,422 
  
42 
  
4,365 


 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Group (continued)

Total impairment charge comprises:
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Total impairment losses on loans and advances to customers
  
3,082 
  
5,369 
  
43 
  
4,343 
Loans and advances to banks
  
– 
  
– 
      
– 
Debt securities classified as loans and receivables
  
28 
  
17 
  
(65)
  
32 
Available-for-sale financial assets
  
28 
  
32 
  
13 
  
49 
Other credit risk provisions
  
19 
  
4 
      
(59)
Total impairment charge
  
3,157 
  
5,422 
  
42 
  
4,365 

Impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as 
a % of 
closing 
advances 
  
Impairment 
provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans3
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Retail
  
350,611 
  
8,367 
  
2.4 
  
2,441 
  
33.5 
Wholesale
  
117,976 
  
22,534 
  
19.1 
  
9,381 
  
41.6 
Commercial
  
30,247 
  
2,891 
  
9.6 
  
881 
  
30.5 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
56,507 
  
19,211 
  
34.0 
  
12,588 
  
65.5 
Reverse repos and other items
  
5,983 
  
– 
      
– 
    
   
561,324 
  
53,003 
  
9.4 
  
25,291 
  
48.7 
Impairment provisions
  
(25,291)
                
Fair value adjustments²
  
(1,588)
                
Total Group
  
534,445 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Retail
  
356,907 
  
8,822 
  
2.5 
  
2,718 
  
35.4 
Wholesale
  
128,233 
  
26,539 
  
20.7 
  
10,791 
  
40.7 
Commercial
  
29,681 
  
2,915 
  
9.8 
  
880 
  
30.2 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
63,556 
  
21,993 
  
34.6 
  
13,329 
  
60.6 
Reverse repos and other items
  
17,066 
  
– 
      
– 
    
   
595,443 
  
60,269 
  
10.1 
  
27,718 
  
46.9 
Impairment provisions
  
(27,718)
                
Fair value adjustments²
  
(2,087)
                
Total Group
  
565,638 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.
2
The fair value adjustments relating to loans and advances were those required to reflect the HBOS assets in the Group’s consolidated financial records at their fair value and took into account both the expected future impairment losses and market liquidity at the date of acquisition.  The unwind relating to future impairment losses requires significant management judgement to determine its timing which includes an assessment of whether the losses incurred in the current period were expected at the date of the acquisition and assessing whether the remaining losses expected at the date of the acquisition will still be incurred.  The element relating to market liquidity unwinds to the income statement over the estimated useful lives of the related assets (until 2014 for wholesale loans and 2018 for retail loans) although if an asset is written off or suffers previously unexpected impairment then this element of the fair value will no longer be considered a timing difference (liquidity) but permanent (impairment).  The fair value unwind in respect of impairment losses incurred was £429 million for the period ended 30 June 2012 (30 June 2011: £931 million; 31 December 2011: £762 million).  The fair value unwind in respect of loans and advances is expected to continue to decrease in future years as fixed-rate periods on mortgages expire, loans are repaid or written off, and will reduce to zero over time.
3
Provisions as a percentage of impaired loans are calculated excluding Retail unsecured loans in recoveries (30 June 2012: £1,090 million; 31 December 2011: £1,137 million).

 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Group (continued)

Core impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Retail
  
735 
  
1,052 
  
30 
  
744 
Wholesale
  
111 
  
407 
  
73 
  
334 
Commercial
  
116 
  
160 
  
28 
  
136 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
16 
  
17 
  
6 
  
34 
Central items
  
– 
  
– 
      
3 
Core impairment charge
  
978 
  
1,636 
  
40 
  
1,251 

Core impairments on loans and advances

At 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired  loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as 
a % of  closing 
advances 
Impairment  provisions 
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of  impaired 
loans1
  
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
   
,
                
Retail
  
323,167 
  
6,732 
  
2.1 
  
2,062 
  
36.0 
Wholesale
  
74,506 
  
2,621 
  
3.5 
  
1,775 
  
67.7 
Commercial
  
29,029 
  
2,879 
  
9.9 
  
866 
  
30.1 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
7,618 
  
386 
  
5.1 
  
170 
  
44.0 
Reverse repos and other items
  
5,983 
  
– 
      
– 
    
   
440,303 
  
12,618 
  
2.9 
  
4,873 
  
42.0 
Impairment provisions
  
(4,873)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(1,005)
                
Total core
  
434,425 
                
                     
At 31 December 2011
                    
Retail
  
328,524 
  
7,151 
  
2.2 
  
2,310 
  
37.9 
Wholesale
  
78,527 
  
3,809 
  
4.9 
  
2,295 
  
60.3 
Commercial
  
28,289 
  
2,885 
  
10.2 
  
858 
  
29.7 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
8,236 
  
360 
  
4.4 
  
125 
  
34.7 
Reverse repos and other items
  
17,066 
  
– 
      
– 
    
   
460,642 
  
14,205 
  
3.1 
  
5,588 
  
42.5 
Impairment provisions
  
(5,588)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(1,171)
                
Total core
  
453,883 
                

1
Provisions as a percentage of impaired loans are calculated excluding Retail unsecured loans in recoveries (30 June 2012: £1,006 million; 31 December 2011: £1,054 million).


 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Group (continued)

Non-core impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Retail
  
23 
  
121 
  
81 
  
53 
Wholesale
  
882 
  
1,035 
  
15 
  
925 
Commercial
  
(7)
  
– 
      
7 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
1,281 
  
2,630 
  
51 
  
2,129 
Non-core impairment charge
  
2,179 
  
3,786 
  
42 
  
3,114 

Non-core impairments on loans and advances

At 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired  loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as 
a % of  closing 
advances 
Impairment  provisions 
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of  impaired 
loans1
  
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
   
,
                
Retail
  
27,444 
  
1,635 
  
6.0 
  
379 
  
24.4 
Wholesale
  
43,470 
  
19,913 
  
45.8 
  
7,606 
  
38.2 
Commercial
  
1,218 
  
12 
  
1.0 
  
15 
    
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
48,889 
  
18,825 
  
38.5 
  
12,418 
  
66.0 
Reverse repos and other items
  
– 
  
– 
      
– 
    
   
121,021 
  
40,385 
  
33.4 
  
20,418 
  
50.7 
Impairment provisions
  
(20,418)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(583)
                
Total non-core
  
100,020 
                
                     
At 31 December 2011
                    
Retail
  
28,383 
  
1,671 
  
5.9 
  
408 
  
25.7 
Wholesale
  
49,706 
  
22,730 
  
45.7 
  
8,496 
  
37.4 
Commercial
  
1,392 
  
30 
  
2.2 
  
22 
  
73.3 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
55,320 
  
21,633 
  
39.1 
  
13,204 
  
61.0 
Reverse repos and other items
  
– 
  
– 
      
– 
    
   
134,801 
  
46,064 
  
34.2 
  
22,130 
  
48.1 
Impairment provisions
  
(22,130)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(916)
                
Total non-core
  
111,755 
                

1
Provisions as a percentage of impaired loans are calculated excluding Retail unsecured loans in recoveries (30 June 2012: £84 million; 31 December 2011: £83 million).


 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Group (continued)

Outlook – Group

The UK economy remains fragile, and the short-term economic outlook is generally expected to be weak.  Consumer and business confidence remains low, and although inflation is reducing, consumer spending power is under pressure and exports are falling.  However, companies continue to de-risk, and our core corporate and commercial portfolios are generally performing well despite the subdued environment.  Whilst there is some cautious optimism in certain sectors (including manufacturing), a number of other sectors are seeing some stress (retail and leisure for example).

The possibility of further economic deterioration and financial market instability represent downside risk.  Despite a number of actions from authorities, uncertainty over the best way forward for the highly indebted Eurozone persists and poses a serious threat to the global economic recovery.  Financial markets are expected to remain dislocated and volatile, with the risk of contagion unlikely to dissipate in the near term, and this continues to place strains on funding markets at a time when many financial institutions have material ongoing funding needs.

In particular, given the subdued environment, our Wholesale leveraged finance portfolios, and our commercial real estate and real estate related property lending portfolios remain vulnerable in terms of refinancing risk and higher impairments on loans and advances and associated derivatives.  Greater resilience in yield levels is evident at the prime end of the CRE market, whereas secondary yields are under pressure.

Notwithstanding the above, significant progress has been made to reduce the vulnerable assets in our portfolios and our risk management processes and controls remain strong.  We expect impairments in our traditional lending portfolios in Corporate and Commercial to increase in the second half of 2012, reflecting an expected lower level of releases in the second half of 2012 compared to the first half of 2012.

Overall, despite the downside risks, the de-risking of our portfolios, the strong risk management focus and the low interest rate environment are helping to maintain defaults at a lower level.  As a result, against our base case economic assumptions, the Group expects the total impairment charge in 2012 to be better than previously guided.
 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Retail

Overview
·  
The Retail impairment charge was £758 million in the first half of 2012, a decrease of £415 million, or 35 per cent, against the first half of 2011 and 5 per cent against the second half of 2011.
 
·  
The decrease in the Retail impairment charge was driven by both the secured and unsecured portfolio as a result of the continuing benefits of tightened credit policy and ongoing effective portfolio management.
 
·  
The Retail impairment charge, as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers, decreased to 0.43 per cent in the first half of 2012 from 0.65 per cent in the first half of 2011.
 
·  
The overall value of assets entering arrears in the first half of 2012 was lower for both unsecured and secured lending compared to the second half of 2011.
 
·  
Non-core represents 8 per cent of total Retail assets as at 30 June 2012 and is primarily specialist mortgages.  This book is closed to new business and has been in run-off since 2009.

Impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Secured
  
173 
  
295 
  
41 
  
168 
Unsecured
  
585 
  
878 
  
33 
  
629 
Total impairment charge
  
758 
  
1,173 
  
35 
  
797 

Core:
                
Secured
  
149 
  
202 
  
26 
  
128 
Unsecured
  
586 
  
850 
  
31 
  
616 
   
735 
  
1,052 
  
30 
  
744 
Non-core:
                
Secured
  
24 
  
93 
  
74 
  
40 
Unsecured
  
(1)
  
28 
      
13 
   
23 
  
121 
  
81 
  
53 
Total impairment charge
  
758 
  
1,173 
  
35 
  
797 

Impaired loans and provisions
Retail impaired loans decreased by £0.4 billion to £8.4 billion compared with 31 December 2011 and, as a percentage of closing loans and advances to customers, decreased to 2.4 per cent from 2.5 per cent at 31 December 2011.  Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans (excluding unsecured loans in recoveries) decreased to 33.5 per cent from 35.4 per cent at 31 December 2011 driven by the reduction in unsecured impaired loans.
 
 
 


Credit risk – Retail (continued)

Impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired  loans as 
a % of 
closing 
advances 
  
Impairment 
provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans3
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Secured
  
327,223 
  
6,353 
  
1.9 
  
1,619 
  
25.5 
Unsecured
                    
Collections
      
924 
      
822 
  
89.0 
Recoveries2
      
1,090 
      
– 
    
   
23,388 
  
2,014 
  
8.6 
  
822 
    
Total gross lending
  
350,611 
  
8,367 
  
2.4 
  
2,441 
  
33.5 
Impairment provisions1
  
(2,441)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(1,146)
                
Total
  
347,024 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Secured
  
332,143 
  
6,452 
  
1.9 
  
1,651 
  
25.6 
Unsecured
                    
Collections
      
1,233 
      
1,067 
  
86.5 
Recoveries2
      
1,137 
      
– 
    
   
24,764 
  
2,370 
  
9.6 
  
1,067 
    
Total gross lending
  
356,907 
  
8,822 
  
2.5 
  
2,718 
  
35.4 
Impairment provisions
  
(2,718)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(1,377)
                
Total
  
352,812 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.
2
Recoveries assets are written down to the present value of future expected cash flows on these assets.
3
Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans are calculated excluding unsecured loans in recoveries.

The Retail division’s loans and advances to customers are analysed in the following table:

Loans and advances to customers
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec  2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Secured:
        
Mainstream
  
252,056 
  
256,518 
Buy to let
  
48,699 
  
48,276 
Specialist
  
26,468 
  
27,349 
   
327,223 
  
332,143 
Unsecured:
        
Credit cards
  
9,721 
  
10,192 
Personal loans
  
11,156 
  
11,970 
Bank accounts
  
2,511 
  
2,602 
   
23,388 
  
24,764 
Total gross lending
  
350,611 
  
356,907 

 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Retail (continued)

Core impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as 
a % of 
closing 
advances 
  
Impairment 
provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans3
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Secured
  
300,425 
  
4,823 
  
1.6 
  
1,256 
  
26.0 
Unsecured
                    
Collections
      
903 
      
806 
  
89.3 
Recoveries2
      
1,006 
      
– 
    
   
22,742 
  
1,909 
  
8.4 
  
806 
    
Total gross lending
  
323,167 
  
6,732 
  
2.1 
  
2,062 
  
36.0 
Impairment provisions
  
(2,062)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(950)
                
Total core
  
320,155 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Secured
  
304,589 
  
4,895 
  
1.6 
  
1,265 
  
25.8 
Unsecured
                    
Collections
      
1,202 
      
1,045 
  
86.9 
Recoveries2
      
1,054 
      
– 
    
   
23,935 
  
2,256 
  
9.4 
  
1,045 
    
Total gross lending
  
328,524 
  
7,151 
  
2.2 
  
2,310 
  
37.9 
Impairment provisions
  
(2,310)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(1,111)
                
Total core
  
325,103 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.
2
Recoveries assets are written down to the present value of future expected cash flows on these assets.
3
Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans are calculated excluding unsecured loans in recoveries.



 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Retail (continued)

Non-core impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as 
a % of 
closing 
advances 
Impairment 
provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans3
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Secured
  
26,798 
  
1,530 
  
5.7 
  
363 
  
23.7 
Unsecured
                    
Collections
      
21 
      
16 
  
76.2 
Recoveries2
      
84 
      
– 
    
   
646 
  
105 
  
16.3 
  
16 
    
Total gross lending
  
27,444 
  
1,635 
  
6.0 
  
379 
  
24.4 
Impairment provisions
  
(379)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(196)
                
Total non-core
  
26,869 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Secured
  
27,554 
  
1,557 
  
5.7 
  
386 
  
24.8 
Unsecured
                    
Collections
      
31 
      
22 
  
71.0 
Recoveries2
      
83 
      
– 
    
   
829 
  
114 
  
13.8 
  
22 
    
Total gross lending
  
28,383 
  
1,671 
  
5.9 
  
408 
  
25.7 
Impairment provisions
  
(408)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(266)
                
Total non-core
  
27,709 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.
2
Recoveries assets are written down to the present value of future expected cash flows on these assets.
3
Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans are calculated excluding unsecured loans in recoveries.


 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Retail (continued)

Secured

Secured impairment charge
The impairment charge increased by £5 million, to £173 million compared with the second half of 2011, and decreased by £122 million compared with the first half of 2011.  The annualised impairment charge, as a percentage of average loans and advances to customers, decreased to 0.11 per cent in the first half of 2012 from 0.18 per cent in the first half of 2011.  Provision coverage has remained stable at 25.5 per cent compared to 25.6 per cent at 31 December 2011.

Impairment provisions held against secured assets reflect the Group’s view of appropriate allowance for incurred losses.  The Group holds appropriate impairment provisions for customers who are experiencing financial difficulty, either on a forbearance arrangement or who may be able to maintain their repayments whilst interest rates remain low.

Secured impaired loans
Impaired loans decreased by £0.1 billion to £6.4 billion at 30 June 2012 and, as a percentage of closing loans and advances to customers, remained stable at 1.9 per cent compared to 31 December 2011.

Secured arrears
The percentage of mortgage cases greater than three months in arrears (excluding repossessions) was broadly stable at 2.4 per cent at 30 June 2012 compared to 31 December 2011.  The number of specialist cases greater than three months in arrears decreased in the first half of 2012, however as the book remains closed to new business and has been in run-off since 2009 there was an increase in the percentage of cases greater than three months in arrears (excluding repossessions) to 7.7 per cent at 30 June 2012 compared to 7.5 per cent at 31 December 2011.

The number of customers entering into arrears was 6 per cent lower in the first half of 2012 in comparison with the second half of 2011.

Mortgages greater than three months in arrears (excluding repossessions)

Greater than three months in arrears (excluding repossessions)
  
Number of cases
  
Total mortgage accounts %
  
Value of debt1
  
Total mortgage balances %
 
30 June 
2012 
  
31 Dec 
2011 
30 June 
2012 
  
31 Dec 
2011 
30 June 
2012 
  
31 Dec 
2011 
30 June 
2012 
  
31 Dec 
2011 
   
Cases 
  
Cases 
  
% 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
% 
                                 
Mainstream
  
54,441 
  
53,734 
  
2.1 
  
2.0 
  
6,105 
  
5,988 
  
2.4 
  
2.3 
Buy to let
  
7,573 
  
7,805 
  
1.7 
  
1.8 
  
1,085 
  
1,145 
  
2.2 
  
2.4 
Specialist
  
13,654 
  
13,677 
  
7.7 
  
7.5 
  
2,407 
  
2,427 
  
9.1 
  
8.9 
Total
  
75,668 
  
75,216 
  
2.4 
  
2.3 
  
9,597 
  
9,560 
  
2.9 
  
2.9 

1
Value of debt represents total book value of mortgages in arrears.

The stock of repossession decreased to 2,955 cases at 30 June 2012 compared to 3,054 cases at 31 December 2011 and 3,176 cases at 30 June 2011.
 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Retail (continued)

Secured loan-to-value analysis
The average indexed loan-to-value (LTV) on the mortgage portfolio at 30 June 2012 was broadly stable at 55.7 per cent compared with 55.9 per cent at 31 December 2011.  The average LTV for new mortgages and further advances written in the first half of 2012 was 62.3 per cent compared with 62.1 per cent for 2011.

The percentage of closing loans and advances with an indexed LTV in excess of 100 per cent decreased to 11.1 per cent (£36.4 billion) as at 30 June 2012, compared with 12.0 per cent (£39.7 billion) at 31 December 2011.  The tables below show LTVs across the principal mortgage portfolios.

Actual and average LTVs across the Retail mortgage portfolios

As at 30 June 2012
Mainstream 
  
Buy to let 
  
Specialist1
  
Total 
   
% 
  
% 
  
% 
  
% 
                 
Less than 60%
  
32.7 
  
12.9 
  
14.8 
  
28.2 
60% to 70%
  
12.9 
  
13.2 
  
10.0 
  
12.7 
70% to 80%
  
18.0 
  
26.0 
  
17.5 
  
19.2 
80% to 90%
  
16.4 
  
16.3 
  
19.9 
  
16.7 
90% to 100%
  
10.6 
  
16.4 
  
18.5 
  
12.1 
Greater than 100%
  
9.4 
  
15.2 
  
19.3 
  
11.1 
Total
  
100.0 
  
100.0 
  
100.0 
  
100.0 
Average loan-to-value:2
                
Stock of residential mortgages
  
52.1 
  
73.5 
  
72.2 
  
55.7 
New residential lending
  
62.0 
  
63.9 
  
n/a 
  
62.3 
Impaired mortgages
  
72.1 
  
99.4 
  
87.3 
  
78.2 
               
As at 31 December 2011
Mainstream 
  
Buy to let 
  
Specialist1
  
Total 
   
% 
  
% 
  
% 
  
% 
                 
Less than 60%
  
32.5 
  
12.7 
  
14.6 
  
28.1 
60% to 70%
  
12.7 
  
13.0 
  
10.1 
  
12.5 
70% to 80%
  
17.2 
  
24.1 
  
17.2 
  
18.2 
80% to 90%
  
16.0 
  
17.3 
  
19.3 
  
16.5 
90% to 100%
  
11.2 
  
17.1 
  
19.0 
  
12.7 
Greater than 100%
  
10.4 
  
15.8 
  
19.8 
  
12.0 
Total
  
100.0 
  
100.0 
  
100.0 
  
100.0 
Average loan-to-value:2
                
Stock of residential mortgages
  
52.2 
  
74.0 
  
72.6 
  
55.9 
New residential lending
  
61.4 
  
65.8 
  
n/a 
  
62.1 
Impaired mortgages
  
72.0 
  
99.8 
  
88.0 
  
78.4 

1
Specialist lending is closed to new business and is in run-off.
2
Average loan-to-value is calculated as total loans and advances as a percentage of the total collateral of these loans and advances.


 
 
 


Credit risk – Retail (continued)

Unsecured
In the first half of 2012 the impairment charge on unsecured loans and advances to customers reduced by £44 million to £585 million compared with the second half of 2011 and reduced by £293 million compared with the first half of 2011.  This reflected the continuing benefit of tightened credit policy and ongoing effective account management.

A combination of reduced demand from customers for new unsecured borrowing, existing customers continuing to reduce their personal indebtedness and the Group’s sustainable risk appetite contributed to loans and advances to customers reducing by £1.4 billion since 31 December 2011 to £23.4 billion at 30 June 2012.

The annualised impairment charge as a percentage of average loans and advances to customers decreased to 4.80 per cent in the first half of 2012 from 6.48 per cent in the first half of 2011, with the impairment charge reducing at a greater rate than the average reduction in average loans and advances.

Impaired loans decreased by £0.4 billion since 31 December 2011 to £2.0 billion at 30 June 2012 which represented 8.6 per cent of closing loans and advances to customers, compared with 9.6 per cent at 31 December 2011.  The reduction in impaired loans is a result of the continued benefits of tightened credit policy across the credit lifecycle and ongoing effective portfolio management.  Retail’s exposure to revolving credit products has been actively managed to ensure that it is appropriate to customers’ changing financial circumstances.  The portfolios show a level of early arrears for accounts acquired since 2009 which are at pre-recession levels, highlighting underlying strength in the risk profile of the business.

Impairment provisions decreased by £0.2 billion, compared with 31 December 2011, to £0.8 billion at 30 June 2012.  This reduction was driven by fewer assets entering arrears and recoveries assets being written down to the present value of future expected cash flows.  The proportion of impaired loans that have been written down to the present value of future expected cash flows on these assets increased to 54.1 per cent at 30 June 2012 from 48.0 per cent at 31 December 2011.  Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans in collections increased to 89.0 per cent at 30 June 2012 from 86.5 per cent at 31 December 2011.
 
 
 


Credit risk – Wholesale

Overview
·  
Impairment losses have fallen significantly over the last twelve months to £993 million in the first half of 2012, from £1,442 million for the first half of 2011.  Impairments were also lower compared to £1,259 million in the second half of 2011.
 
·  
The decrease in the underlying impairment charge was primarily driven by lower charges on leveraged acquisition finance exposures.  There was a significant deterioration in the leveraged market during the first half of 2011 which has not been repeated in the first half of 2012.
 
·  
Whilst subdued UK economic conditions and weaker consumer confidence was evident in a number of sectors, the reduction in the impairment charge also reflected continued strong risk management and the low interest rate environment helping to maintain defaults at a lower level.
 
·  
Despite an uncertain economic environment, the obligor quality of our Wholesale portfolio book was broadly unchanged.
 
·  
The Group has proactively managed down sovereign as well as banking and trading book exposures to selected European countries.  Divestment strategy was focused on balance sheet reduction and also disposal of higher risk positions.
 
·  
A robust credit risk management and control framework is in place across the combined portfolios and a prudent risk appetite approach continues to be embedded across the division.  Significant resources continue to be deployed into the Business Support Units, which focus on key and vulnerable obligors and asset classes.

Impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Core
  
111 
  
407 
  
73 
  
334 
Non-core
  
882 
  
1,035 
  
15 
  
925 
Total impairment charge
  
993 
  
1,442 
  
31 
  
1,259 

The impairment charge decreased £449 million, or 31 per cent, compared to £1,442 million for the first half of 2011.  Impairment charges have decreased substantially compared with 2011 due to robust and proactive risk management, an appropriately impaired portfolio (against our current economic assumptions), and a low interest rate environment helping to maintain defaults at a lower level.  Impairment charges as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers reduced to 1.52 per cent from 1.98 per cent in 2011.
 
 
Core impairment charge
Core impairments in the first half of 2012 were materially lower compared to the first half of 2011 and the second half of 2011.  This is primarily attributable to lower impairments in our Leveraged Acquisition Finance, Corporate and Mid Markets portfolios.  There were specific large impairments in these portfolios during the first half and second half of 2011, which have not been repeated in the first half of 2012.

Non-core impairment charge
Non-core impairments in the first half of 2012 were lower than the first half of 2011.  This was primarily driven by lower charges on non-core Leveraged Acquisition Finance exposures.  There was a significant deterioration in the leveraged market during the first half of 2011 which has not been repeated in the first half of 2012.

The non-core impairment charge in the first half of 2012 was slightly lower compared to the second half of 2011, primarily due to lower impairment charges on the Corporate Real Estate BSU portfolio, which reflects the active deleverage programme and lower transfers into Business Support.  This is despite the continued weak commercial real estate market.
 
 
 


Credit risk – Wholesale (continued)

Impaired loans and provisions
Wholesale’s impaired loans reduced by £4,005 million to £22,534 million compared with 31 December 2011.  The reduction is due to the flow of newly impaired assets, mainly in the Corporate Real Estate Business Support Unit, being more than offset by write-offs on irrecoverable assets, the sale of previously impaired assets, net repayments and transfers out of Business Support.  Furthermore, the flow of assets into impaired status was lower during the first half of 2012 compared to each of the first half and second half of 2011.  Impairment provisions also reduced mainly as a result of write-offs, especially in the corporate real estate and real estate related portfolios.  However, impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans increased to 41.6 per cent from 40.7 per cent at 31 December 2011.  This was due to the low level of provision coverage on previously impaired assets which were sold during the first half of 2012, together with additional provisions being taken on existing impaired assets.

As a percentage of closing loans and advances to customers, impaired loans decreased to 19.1 per cent from 20.7 per cent at 31 December 2011.  We continue to monitor our vulnerable portfolios within Wholesale and, where appropriate, remedial risk mitigating actions are being undertaken.

Core impaired loans and provisions
Core impaired loans reduced by £1,188 million to £2,621 million compared with 31 December 2011.  This arose from a number of factors, including net repayments on impaired assets.  This contributed to an increase in the core coverage ratio to 67.7 per cent from 60.3 per cent at 31 December 2011.  As a percentage of closing core advances, core impaired loans reduced to 3.5 per cent compared to 4.9 percent at 31 December 2011.

Non-core impaired loans and provisions
Non-core impaired loans reduced by £2,817 million to £19,913 million compared with 31 December 2011.  The reduction reflects the strategy to de-risk the Group through deleverage of the non-core portfolio, with significant disposals achieved mostly in the CRE BSU and Specialised Lending portfolios.  Both of these portfolios also continue to be the main driver of newly impaired assets.  Non-core impairment provisions as a percentage of non-core impaired loans increased marginally to 38.2 per cent from 37.4 per cent at 31 December 2011.  As a percentage of closing non-core advances, impaired loans show a marginal increase to 45.8 per cent from 45.7 per cent at 31 December 2011.

Non-core impairment provisions as a percentage of non-core impaired assets are lower at 38.2 per cent compared to 67.7 per cent for core, mainly a factor of the asset mix, where the non-core portfolios are heavily weighted toward real estate and real estate related portfolios with higher collateral values.
 
 
 


Credit risk – Wholesale (continued)

Impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as a  % of 
closing  advances 
Impairment  provisions1
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Corporate (including Mid-markets)
61,945 
  
4,526 
  
7.3 
  
2,424 
  
53.6 
Specialised Lending
  
33,882 
  
4,505 
  
13.3 
  
1,860 
  
41.3 
Sales and Trading
  
2,472 
  
– 
      
– 
    
Corporate Real Estate BSU4
  
19,577 
  
13,405 
  
68.5 
  
5,009 
  
37.4 
Wholesale Equity
  
100 
  
98 
  
98.0 
  
88 
  
89.8 
Total Wholesale
  
117,976 
  
22,534 
  
19.1 
  
9,381 
  
41.6 
Reverse repos
  
5,799 
                
Impairment provisions
  
(9,381)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(374)
                
Total
114,020 
                
                     
Loans and advances to banks
  
7,448 
                
Debt securities2
  
6,421 
                
Available-for-sale financial assets3
  
7,320 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.
2
Of which Specialised Lending is £6,130 million, Wholesale Equity £136 million, Sales and Trading £150 million, and CRE BSU £5 million.
3
Of which Specialised Lending is £3,802 million, Wholesale Equity £1,489 million, Sales and Trading £1,993 million, Corporate £28 million and CRE BSU £8 million.
4
Corporate Real Estate BSU includes direct real estate and other real estate related sectors (such as hotels, care homes and housebuilders).


As at 31 December 2011
  
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as a  % of 
closing  advances 
  
Impairment  provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Corporate (including Mid-markets)
68,772 
  
5,631 
  
8.2 
  
3,051 
  
54.2 
Specialised Lending
  
35,802 
  
5,584 
  
15.6 
  
2,009 
  
36.0 
Sales and Trading
  
2,220 
  
– 
      
– 
    
Corporate Real Estate BSU4
  
21,326 
  
15,211 
  
71.3 
  
5,631 
  
37.0 
Wholesale Equity
  
113 
  
113 
      
100 
  
88.5 
Total Wholesale
  
128,233 
  
26,539 
  
20.7 
  
10,791 
  
40.7 
Reverse repos
  
16,836 
                
Impairment provisions
  
(10,791)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(617)
                
Total
133,661 
                
                     
Loans and advances to banks
  
8,443 
                
Debt securities2
  
12,482 
                
Available-for-sale financial assets3
12,554 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.
2
Of which Specialised Lending is £12,135 million, Wholesale Equity £195 million, Sales and Trading £150 million, and Corporate £2 million.
3
Of which Specialised Lending is £7,798 million, Wholesale Equity £1,797 million, Sales and Trading £2,922 million, and Corporate £37 million.
4
Corporate Real Estate BSU includes direct real estate and other real estate related sectors (such as hotels, care homes and housebuilders).

 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Wholesale (continued)

Core impairments on loans and advances

At 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as a  % of 
closing  advances 
Impairment  provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Total Wholesale
  
74,506 
  
2,621 
  
3.5 
  
1,775 
  
67.7 
Reverse repos
  
5,799 
                
Impairment provisions
  
(1,775)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(21)
                
Total core
78,509 
                
                     
Loans and advances to banks
  
7,193 
                
Debt securities
  
216 
                
Available-for-sale financial assets
2,205 
                
                     
At 31 December 2011
                    
Total Wholesale
  
78,527 
  
3,809 
  
4.9 
  
2,295 
  
60.3 
Reverse repos
  
16,836 
                
Impairment provisions
  
(2,295)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(9)
                
Total core
93,059 
                
                   
Loans and advances to banks
8,153 
                
Debt securities
155 
                
Available-for-sale financial assets
3,110 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.


 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Wholesale (continued)

Non-core impairments on loans and advances

At 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as a % of 
closing  advances 
Impairment  provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Total Wholesale
  
43,470 
  
19,913 
  
45.8 
  
7,606 
  
38.2 
Reverse repos
  
– 
                
Impairment provisions
  
(7,606)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(353)
                
Total non-core
35,511 
                
                     
Loans and advances to banks
  
255 
                
Debt securities
  
6,205 
                
Available-for-sale financial assets
  
5,115 
                
                     
At 31 December 2011
                    
Total Wholesale
  
49,706 
  
22,730 
  
45.7 
  
8,496 
  
37.4 
Reverse repos
  
– 
                
Impairment provisions
  
(8,496)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(608)
                
Total non-core
40,602 
                
                     
Loans and advances to banks
  
290 
                
Debt securities
  
12,327 
                
Available-for-sale financial assets
9,444 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.



 
 
 


Credit risk – Wholesale (continued)

Corporate (including mid-markets)

The £61.9 billion of loans and advances to customers in the Corporate portfolio is structured across a number of different portfolios and sectors as discussed below:

UK Corporate – Major Corporate balance sheets continue to de-lever with most Corporates preferring to reduce risk, through accumulating cash and cost cutting rather than invest in growth.  Surveys indicate that Financial Officers intend to run higher cash balances than before the financial crisis and this can be seen in record levels of cash being held in the Corporate sector.  Whilst cautious optimism is being seen in sectors such as Manufacturing and globally focused Corporates we continue to see stress in sectors such as Media, Retail, Leisure and Construction across UK and Continental Europe.  Public sector austerity continues to impact on recovery prospects, although the long lead-in times to these cuts have allowed Corporates to adjust their own structures and cost bases.  Although the largest impact is being seen in Corporates with exposure to the weaker Eurozone countries where revenues are declining rapidly, the number of customers affected within our franchise is very modest.  Mergers and acquisitions are being selectively targeted by Corporates, with conservative structuring approaches being adopted.  The core portfolio continues to be predominantly investment grade focused and the overall portfolio asset quality remains strong.

US Corporate – The balance sheets of US Major Corporates predominantly remain strong, with good levels of liquidity.  The reduction in the non-core US corporate portfolio has continued as planned through a combination of secondary sales, refinancings and realisation of real estate assets. 

Mid-Markets – Customers in this sector are almost entirely UK-based, with performance in the majority of businesses reliant on the domestic economy.  As such, the portfolio has experienced very limited direct impact from the current challenges within the Eurozone.  However, the subdued UK economy during the first half of 2012 reduced corporate activity and borrowing demand in the mid-corporate sector, while pressures on consumer discretionary expenditure had an ongoing negative influence on sectors such as retail, leisure and hospitality, particularly outside London and the South East.  The weak real estate market and reduced public sector expenditure contributed to pressure on segments such as professional services, construction services and care homes, with impairments concentrated in these sectors in the first half of 2012.

Financial Institutions (FI) – Wholesale maintains relationships with many major financial institutions throughout the world.  These relationships are either client focused or held to support the Group’s funding, liquidity and general hedging requirements.  The Eurozone crisis continued during the first half of 2012 and continues to require very close portfolio scrutiny and oversight.  Detailed contingency plans are in place and continuously refined, whilst exposures to FI’s domiciled in peripheral Eurozone countries in particular have been further reduced and are being managed within tight risk parameters.  Trading exposures continue to be predominantly short term and/or collateralised with inter bank activity mainly undertaken with strong investment grade counterparties only.

Real Estate – Our Corporate customer base is focused on the larger end of the UK property market with a bias to the quoted Plc and funds sector.  Despite the challenging market conditions, credit quality remains acceptable, being underpinned by seasoned management teams with proven asset management skills generating predictable cashflows from their income producing portfolios.  Loan demand remains subdued but, with a continuing high level of loan maturities over the next few years, refinancing risks remain a wider market issue.  Insurers are looking to increase their participation in the real estate market creating increased diversity of funding options.
 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Wholesale (continued)

In Mid Markets Real Estate, the challenging backdrop of the UK economy is adding further pressures to the domestic real estate market with both capital and rental values coming under pressure particularly outside the London and South East region.  Tenant default is an area of ongoing concern especially when the lending is supported by secondary or tertiary assets.  Restraints on consumer expenditure have made retail assets a particular area of ongoing focus.  Market demand is muted with many customers preferring to de-gear and conserve liquidity.  Credit quality remains stable and the number of non-performing customers continues to moderate.  New propositions are structured attractively and in line with our through the cycle credit risk appetite.

Specialised Lending
Loans and advances to customers of £33.9 billion largely comprise balances in the Structured Corporate Finance portfolio, which includes Acquisition Finance (leveraged lending), Project Finance, non-core Real Estate and Asset Based Finance (Ship Finance, Aircraft Finance, Rail Capital and Corporate Asset Finance).  Whilst the effect of subdued UK economic conditions continues to be felt in the Acquisition Finance portfolio, that portfolio is now smaller in size and has a generally lower risk profile than in previous reporting periods.  These factors combined with the significant deterioration seen in the leveraged market in the first half of 2011 not being repeated led to a materially lower impairment charge in the first half of 2012.  However, a number of sectors remain vulnerable, especially retail, leisure and healthcare, and refinancing risk is also an issue, with significant loan maturities due in the next few years.  In Ship Finance, the outlook for the container, tanker and dry bulk sectors remains challenging. 

Specialised Lending is also responsible for the Treasury Assets portfolio which mainly encompasses a portfolio of Asset-Backed Securities and financial institution Covered Bond positions.  Portfolio credit quality remained relatively stable over the year and the portfolio size continues to be actively reduced through asset sales and from bond maturities.  Further details of Wholesale division’s Asset-Backed Securities portfolio is provided in note 15 on page 171 of the Statutory Information.

Non-core Real Estate – Overall market conditions remain difficult although we continue to make good progress with our plans to reduce the portfolio.  Reductions have been achieved through a combination of planned repayments and amortisations, customer instigated property sales, and the refinancing opportunities customers have taken with alternative lenders.

Sales and Trading
Sales and Trading acts as the link between the wholesale markets and the Group’s balance sheet management activities and provides pricing and risk management solutions to both internal and external clients.

The portfolio comprises £5.7 billion of loans and advances to banks, £2.0 billion of Available-for-Sale debt securities and £2.5 billion of loans and advances to customers (excluding reverse repos).

Sales and Trading actively manages the government bond portfolio and the credit quality is now almost solely AAA/AA rated sovereign debt.

The majority of Sales and Trading’s funding and risk management activity is transacted with investment grade counterparties including Sovereign central banks and much of it is on a collateralised basis, such as repos facing a Central Counterparty (CCP).  Derivative transactions with FI counterparties are typically collateralised under a Credit Support Annex in conjunction with the ISDA Master Agreement.  During the first half of 2012 Lloyds Banking Group became a member of Eurex, augmenting the LCH SwapClear membership of 2011, as part of an ongoing move to reduce counterparty risk by clearing standardised derivative contracts through a CCP.  

Corporate Real Estate Business Support Unit
The Corporate Real Estate Business Support Unit has continued to execute on its active asset management programme of the complex portfolio of over 1,800 cases it manages.  This has resulted in a continuing fall in the impairment charge to £530 million (2011: £629 million), against the same period last year and asset disposals ahead of plan, despite a worsening real estate market.
 
 
 


Credit risk – Wholesale (continued)

Both capital values and investment transactions have trended downwards over the 6 months to June 2012, with the latter expected to be 10 per cent down on the same period last year.  The IPD capital growth index has declined by 2.0 per cent over the 6 months to June 2012.  Although values in London continue to climb, and are 37 per cent above their 2009 trough in June 2012, non-London asset values are struggling and are now only 8 per cent above their 2009 trough.

The management of the portfolio continues to focus on supporting its long-term customers and at the same time reducing the exposure to real estate through managed disposals, which has resulted in a realisation of £1.9 billion of cash receipts against non-core assets (30 June 2011: £1.8 billion) despite the weaker transactional market.  These further disposals increased the total sold over the past 30 months to over £10 billion of property assets resulting in an overall £18 billion reduction of gross loan exposure (which includes write-offs).

We have continued to put in place new asset management initiatives for assets under receivership to complement the existing arrangements such as the Residential Asset Management Platform covering residential buy to let portfolios.  Such arrangements demonstrate our desire to find solutions to ensure we maximise the recovery from these loan positions or portfolios through managing for value the underlying real estate and we continue to seek innovative ways to achieve this aim.

Wholesale Equity
The Wholesale Equity balance sheet consists of a mix of core and non-core business areas diversified by both sector and geography.  While the general market remains at historically low levels with a challenging economic outlook set to continue, we continue to make progress on asset reduction strategies in the non-core portfolio.  Overall, portfolio performance is in line with plan for the half-year with relatively flat values evident.
 
 
 


Credit risk – Commercial

Overview
·  
Impairment losses have fallen over the past twelve months to £109 million in the first half of 2012, from £160 million for the first half of 2011, and from £143 million in the second half of 2011.
 
·  
The decrease reflects the continued benefits of the low interest rate environment, which has helped maintain defaults at a lower level and the continued application of our prudent risk appetite.
 
·  
Portfolio metrics including delinquencies and assets under close monitoring have generally remained steady or improved.
 
·  
Commercial continue to operate rigorous control and monitoring activities which play a crucial role in identifying customers showing early signs of financial distress and bringing them into our support model.

Impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change 
since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Core
  
116 
  
160 
  
28 
  
136 
Non-core
  
(7)
  
– 
      
7 
Total impairment charge
  
109 
  
160 
  
32 
  
143 

Commercial’s impairment charge decreased £51 million, or 32 per cent, compared to £160 million in the first half of 2011.  This reflects the continued application of a prudent credit risk appetite approach for new business and a low interest rate environment helping to maintain defaults at a lower level.  Impairment charges as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers reduced to 0.72 per cent from 1.07 per cent in 2011.  The majority of the business is based around full banking relationships.  The relatively small non-core portfolio has continued to reduce throughout 2012.

Impaired loans and provisions
Commercial’s impaired loans decreased by £24 million to £2,891 million compared to 31 December 2011.  Impairment provisions remained flat, with decreased default rates across the book, particularly in the smaller business portfolio being offset by higher individual provisions in our Business Support Unit.  As a result impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans increased slightly to 30.5 per cent from 30.2 per cent at 31 December 2011.  As a percentage of closing loans and advances to customers, impaired loans reduced slightly to 9.6 per cent from 9.8 per cent at 31 December 2011.
 
 
 


Credit risk – Commercial (continued)

Impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as a 
% of 
closing 
advances 
Impairment 
provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Commercial
  
30,247 
  
2,891 
  
9.6 
  
881 
  
30.5 
Impairment provisions
  
(881)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(34)
                
Total
29,332 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Commercial
  
29,681 
  
2,915 
  
9.8 
  
880 
  
30.2 
Impairment provisions
  
(880)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(51)
                
Total
28,750 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.

Core impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as a  % of 
closing  advances 
Impairment  provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Commercial
  
29,029 
  
2,879 
  
9.9 
  
866 
  
30.1 
Impairment provisions
  
(866)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(34)
                
Total core
28,129 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Commercial
  
28,289 
  
2,885 
  
10.2 
  
858 
  
29.7 
Impairment provisions
  
(858)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(51)
                
Total core
  
27,380 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.


 
 
 


Credit risk – Commercial (continued)

Non-core impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans as a    % of 
closing  advances 
Impairment  provisions1
  
Impairment 
provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Commercial
  
1,218 
  
12 
  
1.0 
  
15 
    
Impairment provisions
  
(15)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
– 
                
Total non-core
1,203 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Commercial
  
1,392 
  
30 
  
2.2 
  
22 
  
73.3 
Impairment provisions
  
(22)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
– 
                
Total non-core
  
1,370 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.













 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Wealth, Asset Finance and International

Overview
·  
In Wealth, Asset Finance and International, impairment charges fell significantly compared to the first and second half of 2011.  The reduction predominantly reflected lower impairment charges in the Group’s wholesale Irish and Australasian businesses.  The rate of increase in newly impaired loans in Ireland reduced and a significant portion of the Australasian impaired portfolio was disposed of in 2011 and in the first half of 2012.
 
·  
In the Irish Wholesale portfolio, 86 per cent (31 December 2011: 84 per cent) is now impaired with a coverage ratio of 67 per cent (31 December 2011: 61 per cent), primarily reflecting further falls in the commercial real estate market during 2012, and further vulnerability exists.
 
·  
In the Irish Retail mortgage portfolio, impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans remained stable at 70 per cent as the rate of deterioration of residential house prices and increase in arrears has slowed down.
 
·  
The Group has further reduced its non-core exposure to Ireland with a reduction in gross advances of £1.9 billion during the first half of 2012 with disposals in the period being broadly in line with current provisioning levels.
 
·  
The Group also significantly reduced its exposure in its Australasian business by £2.0 billion including the successful disposal of a £0.8 billion (gross) portfolio of impaired Australasian real estate loans in the first half of 2012.  The disposals during the first half of the year represent 90 per cent of the gross real estate impaired portfolio.
 
·  
The majority of Wealth, Asset Finance and International’s assets are non-core and in run-off.

Impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change  since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Wealth
  
8 
  
15 
  
47 
  
18 
International:
                
Ireland
  
897 
  
1,779 
  
50 
  
1,408 
Australia
  
203 
  
586 
  
65 
  
448 
Wholesale Europe
  
111 
  
111 
      
93 
Spain retail
  
12 
  
11 
  
(9)
  
48 
Netherlands retail
  
6 
  
4 
  
(50)
  
17 
Asia retail
  
6 
  
2 
      
5 
Latin America and Middle East
  
– 
  
24 
      
41 
   
1,235 
  
2,517 
  
51 
  
2,060 
Asset Finance
  
54 
  
115 
  
53 
  
85 
Total impairment charge
  
1,297 
  
2,647 
  
51 
  
2,163 

Core impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change  since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Wealth
  
8 
  
15 
  
47 
  
18 
International
  
6 
  
– 
      
18 
Asset Finance
  
2 
  
2 
      
(2)
Core impairment charge
  
16 
  
17 
  
6 
  
34 


 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Wealth, Asset Finance and International (continued)

Non-core impairment charge
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Change  since 
30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
                 
Wealth
  
– 
  
– 
      
– 
International
  
1,229 
  
2,517 
  
51 
  
2,042 
Asset Finance
  
52 
  
113 
  
54 
  
87 
Non-core impairment charge
  
1,281 
  
2,630 
  
51 
  
2,129 

The impairment charge decreased by £1,350 million to £1,297 million compared with the first half of 2011.  Impairment charges as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers decreased to 4.3 per cent from 7.2 per cent in 2011.  Wealth, Asset Finance and International’s impairment charge almost entirely related to non-core portfolios.

Impaired loans and provisions
Total impaired loans decreased by £2,782 million to £19,211 million compared with £21,993 million at 31 December 2011 and as a percentage of closing loans and advances to customers decreased to 34.0 per cent from 34.6 per cent at 31 December 2011.  The decrease in impaired loans predominantly relates to the Irish and Australasian book, driven by write-offs and impaired asset disposals.

Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans increased to 65.5 per cent from 60.6 per cent at 31 December 2011.  The increase was driven by the Irish and Australasian portfolios.  The coverage ratio in the Group’s Irish portfolio has increased further reflecting continuing weakness in real estate markets where further vulnerability exists, although the impact of such vulnerability is reducing as more of the portfolio becomes impaired and provided for.  The coverage ratio in the Australasian book was affected by the disposal of real estate loans during the period.  The remaining impaired assets are heavily impaired corporate loans with lower collateral values which require higher coverage levels than property secured assets.
 
 
 


Credit risk – Wealth, Asset Finance and International (continued)

Impairments on loans and advances

 
As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans 
as a % of 
closing  advances 
  
Impairment  provisions1
  
Impairment  provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Wealth
  
4,557 
  
273 
  
6.0 
  
61 
  
22.3 
International:
                    
Ireland Retail
  
6,704 
  
1,476 
  
22.0 
  
1,061 
  
71.9 
Ireland Wholesale
  
16,147 
  
13,809 
  
85.5 
  
9,221 
  
66.8 
Australia
  
7,736 
  
1,090 
  
14.1 
  
873 
  
80.1 
Wholesale Europe
  
5,407 
  
1,178 
  
21.8 
  
571 
  
48.5 
Other
  
9,716 
  
432 
  
4.4 
  
217 
  
50.2 
   
45,710 
  
17,985 
  
39.3 
  
11,943 
  
66.4 
Asset Finance
  
6,240 
  
953 
  
15.3 
  
584 
  
61.3 
   
56,507 
  
19,211 
  
34.0 
  
12,588
  
65.5 
Impairment provisions
  
(12,588)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(34)
                
Total
  
43,885 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Wealth
  
4,865 
  
231 
  
4.7 
  
74 
  
32.0 
International:
                    
Ireland Retail
  
7,036 
  
1,415 
  
20.1 
  
1,034 
  
73.1 
Ireland Wholesale
  
17,737 
  
14,945 
  
84.3 
  
9,133 
  
61.1 
Australia
  
9,745 
  
2,780 
  
28.5 
  
1,609 
  
57.9 
Wholesale Europe
  
6,356 
  
978 
  
15.4 
  
475 
  
48.6 
Other
  
10,655 
  
427 
  
4.0 
  
258 
  
60.4 
   
51,529 
  
20,545 
  
39.9 
  
12,509 
  
60.9 
Asset Finance
  
7,162 
  
1,217 
  
17.0 
  
746 
  
61.3 
   
63,556 
  
21,993 
  
34.6 
  
13,329 
  
60.6 
Impairment provisions
  
(13,329)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(42)
                
Total
  
50,185 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.


 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Wealth, Asset Finance and International (continued)

Core impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans 
as a % of 
closing  advances 
  
Impairment  provisions1
  
Impairment  provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Wealth
  
4,557 
  
273 
  
6.0 
  
61 
  
22.3 
International
  
2,851 
  
41 
  
1.4 
  
88 
    
Asset Finance
  
210 
  
72 
  
34.3 
  
21 
  
29.2 
   
7,618 
  
386 
  
5.1 
  
170 
  
44.0 
Impairment provisions
  
(170)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
– 
                
Total core
  
7,448 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Wealth
  
4,865 
  
231 
  
4.7 
  
74 
  
32.0 
International
  
3,126 
  
34 
  
1.1 
  
26 
  
76.5 
Asset Finance
  
245 
  
95 
  
38.8 
  
25 
  
26.3 
   
8,236 
  
360 
  
4.4 
  
125 
  
34.7 
Impairment provisions
  
(125)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
– 
                
Total core
  
8,111 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.

Non-core impairments on loans and advances

As at 30 June 2012
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
  
Impaired 
loans 
as a % of 
closing  advances 
  
Impairment  provisions1
  
Impairment  provisions 
as a % of 
impaired 
loans 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
% 
  
£m 
  
% 
                     
Wealth
  
– 
  
– 
      
– 
    
International
  
42,859 
  
17,944 
  
41.9 
  
11,855 
  
66.1 
Asset Finance
  
6,030 
  
881 
  
14.6 
  
563 
  
63.9 
   
48,889 
  
18,825 
  
38.5 
  
12,418 
  
66.0 
Impairment provisions
  
(12,418)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(34)
                
Total non-core
  
36,437 
                
                     
As at 31 December 2011
                    
Wealth
  
– 
  
– 
      
– 
    
International
  
48,403 
  
20,511 
  
42.4 
  
12,483 
  
60.9 
Asset Finance
  
6,917 
  
1,122 
  
16.2 
  
721 
  
64.3 
   
55,320 
  
21,633 
  
39.1 
  
13,204 
  
61.0 
Impairment provisions
  
(13,204)
                
Fair value adjustments
  
(42)
                
Total non-core
  
42,074 
                

1
Impairment provisions include collective unimpaired provisions.

 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Wealth, Asset Finance and International (continued)

Wealth
Total impaired loans increased by £42 million, or 18 per cent, to £273 million compared with £231 million at 31 December 2011 and as a percentage of closing loans and advances increased to 6.0 per cent from 4.7 per cent at 31 December 2011.  The impairment charge for the first half of 2012 was £8 million.  The impairment charge for loans and advances to customers, as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers, decreased to 0.3 per cent compared with 0.6 per cent in 2011.

International
Ireland
Total impaired loans decreased by £1,075 million, or 7 per cent to £15,285 million compared with £16,360 million at 31 December 2011.  The reduction is due to the flow of newly impaired assets being more than offset by foreign exchange movements, write-offs on irrecoverable assets, the sale of previously impaired assets, and net repayments.  Impaired loans as a percentage of closing loans and advances increased to 66.9 per cent from 66.0 per cent at 31 December 2011.  Continuing weakness in the Irish real estate markets resulted in a further increase in wholesale coverage in the first half of 2012 to 66.8 per cent from 61.1 per cent.

Impairment charges decreased by £882 million to £897 million compared to the first half of 2011 as the rate of increase in newly impaired loans fell during the first half of 2012.  Impairment charges as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers decreased to 7.5 per cent from 13.2 per cent in the first half of 2011.

Impairments on loans and advances – Ireland

   
As at 30 June 2012
  
As at 31 December 2011
 
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired
loans 
Provisions 
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
  
Impaired 
loans 
Provisions 
   
£m 
  
£m
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                         
Commercial Real Estate
  
9,957 
  
9,116 
  
6,181 
  
10,872 
  
9,807 
  
6,194 
Corporate
  
6,190 
  
4,693 
  
3,040 
  
6,865 
  
5,138 
  
2,939 
Retail
  
6,704 
  
1,476 
  
1,061 
  
7,036 
  
1,415 
  
1,034 
Total Ireland
  
22,851 
  
15,285 
  
10,282 
  
24,773 
  
16,360 
  
10,167 

The most significant contribution to impairment in Ireland is the Commercial Real Estate portfolio.  Impairment provisions provide 67.8 per cent coverage on impaired commercial real estate loans.  Mortgage lending at 30 June 2012 comprised 99 per cent of the retail portfolio with impairment coverage on the mortgage portfolio remaining stable at 70 per cent.  Impaired loans on the retail portfolio increased by £61 million in the first half of 2012 compared to a £171 million increase in the second half of 2011.  The reduction in growth of impaired loans is primarily due to a reduction in new customers entering arrears.  In addition, the rate of decrease of residential property prices has slowed down in the first half of 2012 compared to 2011.

£2.4 billion of gross wholesale lending within the Commercial Real Estate and Corporate portfolios relates to sterling loans secured on UK property.

Within the Commercial Real Estate portfolio, 92 per cent of the portfolio is now impaired (compared to 90 per cent at 31 December 2011).  The average impairment coverage ratio has increased in the first half of the year to 68 per cent (63 per cent 31 December 2011) reflecting the continued deterioration in the Irish commercial property market.

The Group continued to reduce its non-core exposure to Ireland.  Gross loans and advances reduced by £1.9 billion in the period.  Disposals and repayments in the first half of 2012 totalled £0.8 billion and were broadly in line with current provisioning levels.
 
 
 


 
Credit risk – Wealth, Asset Finance and International (continued)

Australia
Total impaired loans decreased by £1,690 million, or 61 per cent to £1,090 million compared with £2,780 million at 31 December 2011.  The decrease in impaired loans in the period is a result of impaired asset disposals and write-offs.  Total impaired loans as a percentage of closing loans and advances decreased to 14.1 per cent from 28.5 per cent at 31 December 2011, reflecting the higher quality of the residual portfolio.

Impairment charges decreased by £383 million to £203 million compared to the first half of 2011 and decreased by £245 million compared to the second half of 2011.  Impairment charges as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers decreased to 4.5 per cent from 8.8 per cent in first half of 2011.

Significant progress has been made in de-risking the portfolio through asset sales and run-off.  The successful disposal of an £0.8 billion (gross) portfolio of impaired Australasian real estate loans in the first half of 2012 contributed to an almost total exit of distressed real estate lending, from a peak of £2.2 billion in December 2010.  The residual Business Support book is now credit stable with good impairment coverage.  Although exposure to real estate has reduced materially, historical experience has shown that downside risks remain in this portfolio.

Wholesale Europe
Total impaired loans increased by £200 million, or 20 per cent to £1,178 million compared with £978 million at 31 December 2011.  The increase in impaired loans is largely attributable to a small number of exposures.  Total impaired loans as a percentage of closing loans and advances increased to 21.8 per cent from 15.4 per cent at 31 December 2011.

Impairment charges remained flat at £111 million compared to the first half of 2011.  Further deterioration in European real estate markets during the first half of 2012, which resulted in additional impairment being taken on already impaired assets, was offset by a higher level of releases in this period compared to the first half of 2011.  Due to the reducing balance sheet, impairment charges as an annualised percentage of average loans and advances to customers increased to 4.0 per cent compared to 3.1 per cent in 2011. 

Core assets relate to global international customers with a UK linkage, and are generally made up of major corporate (which are predominantly investment grade) and project finance customers.  The real estate book is mainly classified non-core and is subject to close monitoring.  The Group was successful in reducing its real estate exposure during the first half of 2012, with disposals and repayments of £156 million.  Disposal values in the period were broadly in line with current provisioning levels.

Other International
Total impaired loans increased by £5 million to £432 million compared with £427 million at 31 December 2011 and as a percentage of closing loans and advances increased to 4.4 per cent from 4.0 per cent at 31 December 2011.  Impaired loans predominantly relate to a limited number of corporate exposures and the Spanish mortgage business.  We have maintained a high level of impairment coverage on the retail mortgage portfolios in Spain and the Netherlands, against a backdrop of falling house prices.  Impairment charges decreased by £17 million to £24 million compared to the first half of 2011.

Asset Finance
This relates to asset-backed funding to a wide portfolio of UK-based personal, commercial and corporate customers, primarily in relation to motor vehicles.  Despite the background of challenging economic conditions, arrears levels across the portfolio have continued to reduce and first half 2012 impairments are well below the level of 2011.  Recent growth in new car sales, and strong used vehicle values, are helping to underpin the sector and the positive performance of Asset Finance, supported by strong credit quality controls in the business.
 
 
 


Exposures to Eurozone countries

The following section summarises the Group's direct exposure to Eurozone countries as at 30 June 2012.  The exposures comprise on-balance sheet exposures based on their balance sheet carrying values and off-balance sheet exposures, and are based on the country of domicile of the counterparty unless otherwise indicated.

The Group manages its exposures to individual countries through authorised country limits which take into account economic, financial, political and social factors.  In addition, the Group manages its direct risks to the selected countries by establishing and monitoring risk limits for individual banks, financial institutions, corporates and individuals.  Indirect risk is taken into account where it is determined that counterparties have material direct exposure to selected countries.

The Group has established a Eurozone Instability Steering Group in order to monitor developments within the Eurozone, carry out stress testing through detailed scenario analysis and complete appropriate due diligence on the Group’s exposures.  The following table summarises the Group’s Eurozone exposures:

At 30 June 2012
Sovereign 
debt 
  
Financial
Institutions
Asset 
backed 
securities 
Corporate 
Personal 
Insurance  assets 
  
Total 
Banks 
Other 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                                 
Ireland
  
– 
  
204 
  
691 
  
344 
  
7,603 
  
5,410 
  
111 
  
14,363 
Spain
  
31 
  
1,261 
  
– 
  
206 
  
2,545 
  
1,566 
  
22 
  
5,631 
Portugal
  
– 
  
102 
  
– 
  
226 
  
245 
  
10 
  
– 
  
583 
Italy
  
9 
  
225 
  
2 
  
11 
  
115 
  
– 
  
32 
  
394 
Greece
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
353 
  
– 
  
– 
  
353 
   
40 
  
1,792 
  
693 
  
787 
  
10,861 
  
6,986 
  
165 
  
21,324 
Other Eurozone exposures (see page 136)
30,924 
  
3,016 
  
1,079 
  
506 
  
12,217 
  
6,184 
  
5,069 
  
58,995 
Total Eurozone exposures
  
30,964 
  
4,808 
  
1,772 
  
1,293 
  
23,078 
  
13,170 
  
5,234 
  
80,319 
At 31 December 2011
                                
Ireland
  
– 
  
207 
  
272 
  
376 
  
8,894 
  
6,027 
  
68 
  
15,844 
Spain
  
52 
  
1,692 
  
7 
  
375 
  
2,955 
  
1,649 
  
39 
  
6,769 
Portugal
  
– 
  
142 
  
8 
  
341 
  
309 
  
11 
  
– 
  
811 
Italy
  
16 
  
433 
  
17 
  
39 
  
152 
  
– 
  
47 
  
704 
Greece
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
55 
  
431 
  
– 
  
– 
  
486 
   
68 
  
2,474 
  
304 
  
1,186 
  
12,741 
  
7,687 
  
154 
  
24,614 
Other Eurozone exposures (see page 136)
10,755 
  
4,254 
  
874 
  
1,404 
  
15,542 
  
6,522 
  
4,836 
  
44,187 
Total Eurozone exposures
  
10,823 
  
6,728 
  
1,178 
  
2,590 
  
28,283 
  
14,209 
  
4,990 
  
68,801 

The Group has included certain amounts on a net basis to better reflect the overall risk to which the Group is exposed.  Derivative balances are included within exposures to financial institutions or corporates, as appropriate, at fair value adjusted for master netting agreements at obligor level and net of cash collateral in line with legal agreements.  Exposures in respect of reverse repurchase agreements are included on a gross IFRS basis and are disclosed based on the counterparty rather than the collateral (repos and stock lending are excluded); reverse repurchase exposures are not, therefore, reduced as a result of collateral held.  Exposures to central clearing counterparties are shown net.

For multi-country asset backed securities exposures, the Group has reported exposures based on the largest country exposure.  The country of exposure for asset backed securities is based on the location of the underlying assets not on the domicile of the issuer, which are predominantly residential mortgages.

In the first quarter, the Group drew €13.5 billion (the sterling equivalent of which at the date of drawdown was £11.2 billion) under the European Central Bank’s Long-Term Refinancing Operation facility for an initial term of three years, to part fund a pool of non-core euro denominated assets.
 
 
 


Exposures to Eurozone countries (continued)

Exposures to Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Greece
The Group continues to have minimal exposure, in aggregate, which could be considered to be direct recourse to the sovereign risk of the selected countries.  Derivatives with sovereigns and sovereign referenced credit default swaps are insignificant.  Included within exposures to banks, and treated as available-for-sale assets, are covered bonds of £1.4 billion (31 December 2011: £1.7 billion).  The covered bonds are ultimately secured on a pool of mortgage assets in the countries concerned and benefit from over-collateralisation, with an overall weighted maturity of approximately four years.  Exposures to other financial institutions relate primarily to balances held within insurance companies and funds.  No impairments are held against these exposures.

At 30 June 2012, the Group’s total gross derivative asset exposure to counterparties registered in the above countries was £816 million (31 December 2011: £982 million), offset by derivative liabilities of £314 million (31 December 2011: £338 million) and cash collateral held of £167 million (31 December 2011: £191 million).

Assets held by the Insurance business are shareholder assets and are held outside the with-profits and unit-linked funds.  Approximately £96 million (31 December 2011: £127 million) of these exposures relate to direct investments where the issuer is resident in Spain, Italy or Ireland and the credit rating is consistent with the tight credit criteria defined under the appropriate investment mandate.  The remaining exposures relate to interests in two funds domiciled in Ireland and administered by Scottish Widows Investment Partnership (the Global Liquidity Fund and the Short-Term Fund) where in line with the investment mandates, cash is invested in the money markets.  For these funds, the exposure is analysed on a look through basis to the underlying assets held and the Insurance business’s pro rata share of these assets rather than treating all the holding the fund as exposure to Ireland.  Within the above exposures there are no sovereign exposures.

The Group continued to reduce its exposure to these countries and exposures have been proactively managed down in line with its risk appetite.  The Group’s total exposure has reduced 13 per cent from £24,614 million to £21,324 million.
 
 
 


Exposures to Eurozone countries (continued)

Ireland
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Sovereign debt
  
– 
  
– 
Financial institutions – banks
        
Amortised cost
  
48 
  
46 
Net trading assets
  
8 
  
– 
Available-for-sale (gross of AFS reserve: £188 million; 2011: £193 million)
  
147 
  
136 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £196 million; 2011: £216 million)
  
1 
  
25 
   
204 
  
207 
Financial institutions – other
        
Amortised cost
  
686 
  
255 
Net trading assets
  
1 
  
5 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £5 million; 2011: £12 million)
  
4 
  
12 
   
691 
  
272 
Asset backed securities
        
Amortised cost
  
212 
  
221 
Available-for-sale (gross of AFS reserve: £216 million; 2011: £268 million)
  
132 
  
155 
   
344 
  
376 
Corporate
        
Amortised cost (gross of impairment allowances: £14,515 million; 2011: £15,910 million)
  
6,725 
  
7,949 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £39 million; 2011: £32 million)
  
39 
  
31 
Off balance sheet exposures
  
839 
  
914 
   
7,603 
  
8,894 
Personal
        
Amortised cost (gross of impairment allowances: £6,721 million; 2011: £7,061 million)
  
5,410 
  
6,027 
Insurance assets
  
111 
  
68 
Total
  
14,363 
  
15,844 

The Group has exposures to a structured vehicle incorporated in Ireland.  In accordance with the reporting protocol outlined above, the exposures classified as Bonds have been reported on the basis of the underlying country of risk, while other exposures have been reported against the country of registration of the structured vehicle.

The movement in the period within exposures to financial institutions is primarily due to reverse repurchase transactions secured primarily on UK gilts.

See page 127 for further details on Irish corporate and personal exposures.  The off-balance sheet exposures to corporates are principally undrawn facilities.
 
 
 


Exposures to Eurozone countries (continued)

Spain
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Sovereign debt
        
Direct sovereign exposures
  
10 
  
17 
Central bank balances
  
21 
  
35 
   
31 
  
52 
Financial institutions – banks
        
Amortised cost
  
36 
  
33 
Available-for-sale (gross of AFS reserve: £1,554 million; 2011: £1,848 million)
  
1,191 
  
1,548 
Net trading assets
  
17 
  
59 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £196 million; 2011: £175 million)
  
17 
  
52 
   
1,261 
  
1,692 
Financial institutions – other
        
Net trading assets
  
– 
  
7 
         
Asset backed securities
        
Amortised cost
  
108 
  
211 
Available-for-sale (gross of AFS reserve: £123 million; 2011: £213 million)
  
98 
  
164 
   
206 
  
375 
Corporate
        
Amortised cost (gross of impairment allowances: £1,786 million; 2011: £2,192 million)
  
1,614 
  
2,043 
Net trading assets
  
6 
  
20 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £186 million; 2011: £174 million)
  
179 
  
167 
Off balance sheet exposures
  
746 
  
725 
   
2,545 
  
2,955 
Personal
        
Amortised cost (gross of impairment allowances: £1,590 million; 2011: £1,685 million)
  
1,518 
  
1,615 
Off balance sheet exposures
  
48 
  
34 
   
1,566 
  
1,649 
Insurance assets
  
22 
  
39 
Total
  
5,631 
  
6,769 

Included within exposures to banks, and treated as available-for-sale assets are covered bonds of £1.2 billion (31 December 2011: £1.4 billion), which are ultimately secured on a pool of mortgage assets in the countries concerned and benefit from over-collateralisation and have an overall weighted maturity of approximately four years.  The Group has credit default swap positions referenced to banking groups domiciled in Spain (net short of £6 million), which are included in the balances detailed above, and unutilised and uncommitted money market lines and repo facilities of approximately £0.3 billion (31 December 2011: £1.1 billion) in respect of Spanish banks.  Bank limits have been closely monitored with amounts and tenors reduced where appropriate.

The corporate exposure in Spain is mainly local lending (84 per cent of the total Spanish exposures) comprising corporate loans and project finance facilities (77 per cent) and commercial real estate portfolio (23 per cent).

Personal exposures within Spain are predominantly secured residential mortgages, where about half of the borrowers are expatriates.  Impaired lending represented 7 per cent (31 December 2011: 6 per cent) of the portfolio, with a coverage ratio of 63 per cent (31 December 2011: 49 per cent).
 
 
 


Exposures to Eurozone countries (continued)

Portugal
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Sovereign debt
  
– 
  
– 
Financial institutions – banks
        
Amortised cost
  
30 
  
17 
Available-for-sale (gross of AFS reserve: £95 million; 2011: £198 million)
  
71 
  
124 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £7 million; 2011: £7 million)
  
1 
  
1 
   
102 
  
142 
Financial institutions – other
        
Net trading assets
  
– 
  
8 
         
Asset backed securities
        
Amortised cost
  
122 
  
208 
Available-for-sale (gross of AFS reserve: £174 million; 2011: £219 million)
  
104 
  
133 
   
226 
  
341 
Corporate
        
Amortised cost (gross of impairment allowances £114 million; 2011: £125 million)
  
90 
  
100 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £12 million; 2011: £2 million)
  
13 
  
13 
Off balance sheet exposures
  
142 
  
196 
   
245 
  
309 
Personal
  
10 
  
11 
Insurance assets
  
– 
  
– 
Total
  
583 
  
811 

Exposures comprise lending to corporates, including a small amount of commercial real estate exposure.
 
 
 


Exposures to Eurozone countries (continued)

Italy
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Sovereign debt
        
Direct sovereign exposures
  
9 
  
16 
Financial institutions – banks
        
Amortised cost
  
72 
  
41 
Available-for-sale (gross of AFS reserve: £61 million; 2011: £196 million)
  
52 
  
180 
Net trading assets
  
78 
  
188 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £116 million; 2011: £91 million)
  
23 
  
24 
   
225 
  
433 
Financial institutions – other
        
Net trading assets
  
2 
  
17 
         
Asset backed securities
        
Amortised cost
  
– 
  
26 
Available-for-sale (gross of AFS reserve: £12 million; 2011: £14 million)
  
11 
  
13 
   
11 
  
39 
Corporate
        
Amortised cost (gross of impairment allowances: £52 million; 2011: £69 million)
  
51 
  
86 
Net trading assets
  
4 
  
17 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £44 million)
  
44 
  
36 
Off balance sheet exposures
  
16 
  
13 
   
115 
  
152 
Personal
  
– 
  
– 
Insurance assets
  
32 
  
47 
Total
  
394 
  
704 

In addition to the above balances there are unutilised and uncommitted money market lines and repo facilities of approximately £0.2 billion (31 December 2011: £0.6 billion) predominantly in respect of Italian banks.  Bank limits have been closely monitored with amounts and tenors reduced where appropriate.

Exposures comprise lending to corporates, including a small amount of commercial real estate exposure.
 
 
 


Exposures to Eurozone countries (continued)

Greece
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Sovereign debt
  
– 
  
– 
Financial institutions – banks
  
– 
  
– 
Financial institutions – other
  
– 
  
– 
Asset backed securities
        
Amortised cost
  
– 
  
32 
Available-for-sale (gross of AFS reserve: 2011 of £44 million)
  
– 
  
23 
   
– 
  
55 
Corporate
        
Amortised cost (gross of impairment allowances: £356 million; 2011: £407 million)
  
313 
  
364 
Derivatives (gross asset exposure of £15 million; 2011: £19 million)
  
15 
  
19 
Off balance sheet exposures
  
25 
  
48 
   
353 
  
431 
Personal
  
– 
  
– 
Insurance assets
  
– 
  
– 
Total
  
353 
  
486 

The exposures in Greece principally relate to shipping loans to Greek shipping companies where the assets are generally secured and the vessels operate in international waters; repayment is mainly dependent on international trade and the industry is less sensitive to the Greek economy.
 
 
 

Exposures to Eurozone countries (continued)

Exposures to other Eurozone countries
In addition to the exposures detailed above, the Group has the following exposures to sovereign, financial institutions, asset backed securities, corporates and personal customers in the following Eurozone countries:

At 30 June 2012
Sovereign 
debt 
  
Financial
institutions
Asset 
backed 
securities 
Corporate 
Personal 
Insurance  assets 
  
Total 
Banks 
Other 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                                 
Netherlands
  
28,350 
  
725 
  
179 
  
26 
  
2,835 
  
5,817 
  
1,339 
  
39,271 
France
  
202 
  
1,072 
  
50 
  
104 
  
3,383 
  
348 
  
1,798 
  
6,957 
Germany
  
2,296 
  
599 
  
357 
  
376 
  
2,330 
  
19 
  
1,480 
  
7,457 
Luxembourg
  
1 
  
33 
  
466 
  
– 
  
2,122 
  
– 
  
113 
  
2,735 
Belgium
  
73 
  
410 
  
25 
  
– 
  
1,007 
  
– 
  
49 
  
1,564 
Finland
  
– 
  
81 
  
– 
  
– 
  
31 
  
– 
  
290 
  
402 
Malta
  
– 
  
2 
  
– 
  
– 
  
287 
  
– 
  
– 
  
289 
Cyprus
  
– 
  
2 
  
– 
  
– 
  
151 
  
– 
  
– 
  
153 
Austria
  
2 
  
46 
  
2 
  
– 
  
69 
  
– 
  
– 
  
119 
Slovenia
  
– 
  
46 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
46 
Estonia
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
2 
  
– 
  
– 
  
2 
Slovakia
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
   
30,924 
  
3,016 
  
1,079 
  
506 
  
12,217 
  
6,184 
  
5,069 
  
58,995 
At 31 December 2011
                                
Netherlands
  
9,594 
  
712 
  
173 
  
176 
  
4,105 
  
6,226 
  
960 
  
21,946 
France
  
217 
  
1,517 
  
143 
  
525 
  
3,796 
  
295 
  
1,841 
  
8,334 
Germany
  
859 
  
1,291 
  
100 
  
703 
  
2,532 
  
1 
  
1,263 
  
6,749 
Luxembourg
  
5 
  
4 
  
442 
  
– 
  
2,828 
  
– 
  
568 
  
3,847 
Belgium
  
78 
  
404 
  
11 
  
– 
  
1,617 
  
– 
  
57 
  
2,167 
Finland
  
– 
  
60 
  
– 
  
– 
  
56 
  
– 
  
147 
  
263 
Malta
  
– 
  
2 
  
– 
  
– 
  
305 
  
– 
  
– 
  
307 
Cyprus
  
– 
  
6 
  
– 
  
– 
  
204 
  
– 
  
– 
  
210 
Austria
  
2 
  
202 
  
5 
  
– 
  
97 
  
– 
  
– 
  
306 
Slovenia
  
– 
  
56 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
56 
Estonia
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
2 
  
– 
  
– 
  
2 
Slovakia
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
   
10,755 
  
4,254 
  
874 
  
1,404 
  
15,542 
  
6,522 
  
4,836 
  
44,187 

Total balances with other Eurozone countries have increased from £44,187 million to £58,995 million.  This is due to an increase in sovereign debt balances held, which primarily relate to central bank balances held for regulatory liquidity purposes.  Excluding sovereign debt, the remaining overall exposures have reduced by 16 per cent from £33,432 million to £28,071 million which is in line with the reduction in the Group’s balance sheet.  Derivatives with sovereigns and sovereign referenced credit default swaps are insignificant.
 
 
 


Exposures to Eurozone countries (continued)

Eurozone redenomination risk

Redenomination risk arises from the uncertainty over how an exiting member state would deal with pre-incurred euro contracts and, in particular, whether it (or a competent European body) legislates to re-denominate such contracts into a post-euro currency.  It is generally expected that an exiting member state would introduce a new national currency and determine an opening rate of exchange, which would then change when trading commences in the new currency, exposing the holders of the new currency to the risk of changes in the value of the new currency against the euro.  In the case of a total dissolution of the Eurozone, the Euro would cease to be a valid currency, and all states would revert to their own currencies.

The Group has considered redenomination risk in respect of its exposures to Greece, Italy, Ireland, Portugal and Spain and in the event of a member exit believes that the risks can be broadly classified as follows:

·  
The Group is not significantly exposed to the impact of a Greek exit from the Euro as Greek-related exposures are predominantly ship finance facilities denominated in USD or GBP with contracts subject to English Law.  The Group’s exposures to Italy, Ireland, Portugal and Spain are considered to be at potential risk of redenomination.  Redenomination of contracts depends on, amongst other things, the terms of relevant contracts, the contents of the legislation passed by the exiting member state, the governing law and jurisdiction of the contract and the nationality of the parties of the contracts.
 
·  
The Group has undertaken actions to mitigate redenomination risk for both assets and liabilities where possible, but it is not clear that such mitigation will be effective in the event of a member exit.
 
·  
The introduction of one or more new currencies would be likely to lead to significant operational issues for clearing and payment systems.  The Group is working actively with central banks, regulators and with the main clearing and payment systems to better understand and mitigate the impact of these risks on the Group and its customers.


 
 
 


Regulatory

Principal Risks

Regulatory exposure is driven by the significant volume of current legislation and regulation within the UK and overseas with which the Group has to comply, along with new or proposed legislation and regulation which needs to be reviewed, assessed and embedded into day-to-day operational and business practices across the Group.  This is particularly the case in the current market environment, which continues to witness high levels of government and regulatory intervention in the banking sector.  Lloyds Banking Group faces increased political and regulatory scrutiny as a result of its size and systemic importance.

Independent Commission on Banking and White Paper on banking reform
The Government appointed an Independent Commission on Banking (ICB) to review possible measures to reform the banking system and promote stability and competition.  The ICB published its final report on the 12 September 2011 putting forward recommendations to require ring-fencing of the retail activities of banks from their investment banking activities and additional capital requirements beyond those required under current drafts of the Capital Requirements Directive IV.  The report also makes recommendations in relation to the competitiveness of the UK banking market, including enhancing the competition remit of the new Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), implementing a new industry-wide switching solution by September 2013, and improving transparency.  The ICB, which following the final report completed its mandate, had the authority only to make recommendations, which the Government could choose to accept or reject.

The ICB specifically recommended in relation to the Group’s European Commission mandated branch disposal (Project Verde), that to create a strong challenger in the UK banking market, the entity which results from the divestment should have, or have the capability to achieve, a share of the personal current account (PCA) market of at least 6 per cent (although this does not need to arise solely from the current accounts acquired from the Group) and a funding position at least as strong as its peers.  The ICB did not specify a definitive timeframe for the divested entity to achieve a 6 per cent market share of PCAs but recommended that a market investigation should be carefully considered by competition authorities if ‘a strong and effective challenger’ has not resulted from the Group’s divestment by 2015.  The ICB did not recommend explicitly that the Group should increase the size of the Project Verde disposal agreed with the European Commission but recommended that the Government prioritise the emergence of a strong new challenger over reducing market concentration through a ‘substantially enhanced’ divestment by the Group.

The Government supported the recommendation that an entity with a larger share of the PCA market than the 4.6 per cent originally proposed might produce a more effective competitor.  In relation to the Group’s announcement that it was to pursue exclusive negotiations with The Co-operative Group, the Government commented that such a transaction would deliver a significant enhancement of the PCA market share, with the share divested by the Group combining with The Co-operative Group’s existing share to create a competitor with approximately 7-8 per cent share of the PCA market.  The Government also stated that the execution of the divestment is a commercial matter, and that it has no intention of using its shareholding to deliver an enhancement.

The Government published its response to the ICB recommendations on 19 December 2011 and a White Paper in June 2012.  The Government has endorsed the ICB’s proposals to ring-fence retail banking operations as part of a wider regulatory framework including capital and liquidity and effective macro- and micro-prudential supervision, which aims to remove any implicit tax-payers’ guarantee for the ring-fenced entities.  The White Paper suggests that a broader range of customers, products and geographies could be allowed inside the ring-fenced bank and recommends 2019 as an implementation deadline.  The Government no longer considers it necessary to give authorities the power to impose a separate resolution buffer to ensure that banks have adequate loss-absorbing capacity.  Given that the Group is predominantly a retail and commercial bank, it would expect to be less affected by the implementation of a retail ring-fence, but believes it will be important for any transition period to be flexible in order to minimise any impact on economic growth, and for banks to implement the required structural changes.

The ICB also recommended that ring-fenced banks should hold a common equity capital base of at least 10 per cent and primary loss-absorbing capacity of at least 17 per cent to absorb the impact of potential losses or financial crises.
 
 
 


Regulatory (continued)

New regulatory regime
On 27 January 2012, the Government published the Financial Services Bill.  The proposed new UK regulatory architecture will see the transition of regulatory and supervisory powers from the FSA to the new Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA).  The PRA will be responsible for supervising banks, building societies and other large firms.  The FCA will focus on consumer protection and market regulation.  The Bill is also proposing new responsibilities and powers for the FCA.  The most noteworthy are the proposed greater powers for the FCA in relation to competition and the proposal to widen its scope to include consumer credit.  The Bill is expected to take effect in early 2013.

On 2 April 2012 the FSA introduced a new ‘twin peaks’ model and the intention is to move the FSA as close as possible to the new style of regulation outlined in the Bill.  There will be two independent groups of supervisors for banks, insurers and major investment firms covering prudential and conduct.  (All other firms (ie those not dual regulated) will be solely supervised by the conduct supervisors).

In addition, the European Banking Authority, the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority and the European Securities and Markets Authority as new EU Supervisory Authorities are likely to have greater influence on regulatory matters across the EU.

Capital and liquidity
Evolving capital and liquidity requirements continue to be a priority for the Group.  The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has put forward proposals for a reform package which changes the regulatory capital and liquidity standards, the definition of ‘capital’, introduces new definitions for the calculation of counterparty credit risk and leverage ratios, additional capital buffers and development of a global liquidity standard.  Implementation of these changes is expected to be phased in between 2013 and 2021.

Solvency II
The Solvency II Directive will introduce enhanced capital adequacy and risk management requirements for insurers, with the ultimate aim of increasing policyholder protection.  It is now expected to be implemented in January 2014.  It sets out a harmonised, risk-based framework for managing insurance business and calculating capital requirements and also introduces improved disclosure and reporting requirements. It will give the regulators enhanced powers and responsibilities.

Anti bribery
The Bribery Act 2010 came fully into force on 1 July 2011.  It enhances previous laws on bribery and is supported by some detailed guidance issued by the Ministry of Justice on the steps a business needs to take to embed ‘adequate procedures’ to prevent bribery.  A company convicted of failing to have ‘adequate procedures’ to prevent bribery could receive an unlimited fine.

US regulation
Significant regulatory initiatives from the US impacting the Group include the Dodd-Frank Act (which imposes specific requirements for systemic risk oversight, securities market conduct and oversight, bank capital standards, arrangements for the liquidation of failing systemically significant financial institutions and restrictions to the ability of banks to engage in proprietary trading activities known as the ‘Volcker Rule’).  Furthermore, under the so-called swap ‘push-out’ provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act, the derivatives activities of US banks and US branch offices of foreign banks will be restricted, which may necessitate a restructuring of how the Group conducts its derivatives activities.  Entities that are swap dealers, security-based swap dealers, major swap participants or major security-based swap participants will be required to register with the SEC or the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission, or both, and will become subject to the requirements as to capital, margin, business conduct, recordkeeping and other requirements applicable to such entities.  The Dodd-Frank Act also grants the SEC discretionary rule-making authority to impose a new fiduciary standard on brokers, dealers and investment advisers, and expands the extraterritorial jurisdiction of US courts over actions brought by the SEC or the United States with respect to violations of the antifraud provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.  The details of these regulations will depend on the final regulations ultimately adopted by various US regulatory authorities.  In addition the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) requires non-US financial institutions to enter into disclosure agreements with the US Treasury and all non-financial non-US entities to report and/or certify their ownership of US assets in foreign accounts or be subject to 30 per cent withholding tax.
 
 
 


 
Regulatory (continued)

European regulation
At a European level, the pace of regulatory reform has increased with a number of new directives or changes to existing directives planned in the next 12 months including a revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive, Transparency Directive, European Markets Infrastructure Regulations, Insurance Mediation Directive and a Fifth Undertakings in Collective Investments in Transferable Securities Directive as well as a proposed Directive regulating Packaged Retail Investment Products.  Despite opposition from the UK Government, a proposed Financial Transaction Tax is a possibility for EU-wide implementation.

Mitigating actions

Independent Commission on Banking and White Paper on banking reform
We continue to play a constructive role in the debate with the Government and other stakeholders on all issues under consideration in relation to the ICB’s recommendations.  The Group is analysing the White Paper, on which the Government is consulting until September, and its possible impact on the industry and the Group.  It will continue to work with HM Treasury and its regulators in the coming months as legislation develops.  The Government’s proposals on capital are consistent with the capital targets the Group set in its strategic review in 2011.  Although much work remains to be done on the detail of the implementation of capital requirements and primary loss absorbing capacity, the Group is on track to achieve the levels the ICB recommends.

New regulatory regime
The Group is continuing to work closely with the regulatory authorities and industry associations to ensure that it is able to identify and respond to regulatory changes and mitigate against risks to the Group and its stakeholders.

Capital and liquidity
The Group is continuously assessing the impacts of regulatory developments which could have a material effect on the Group and is progressing its plans to implement regulatory changes and directives through change management programmes.

Solvency II
The Group is continuing to progress its plans to achieve Solvency II compliance.

Anti bribery
The Group operates a group-wide anti-bribery policy, applicable to all of its businesses, operations and employees, which incorporates the requirements of the UK Bribery Act 2010 and continues to enhance its internal compliance processes, including those associated with hospitality and colleague training.  The Group has no appetite for bribery and explicitly prohibits the payment, offer, acceptance or request of a bribe, including ‘facilitation payments’.

Regulation
The Group is continuously assessing the impacts of regulatory developments which could have a material effect on the Group and is progressing with its plans to implement regulatory changes and directives, through change management programmes.
 
 
 


 
Market risk

Principal risk
There is a risk to the Group’s banking income arising from the level of interest rates and the margin of interbank rates over central bank rates.  A further banking risk arises from competitive pressures on product terms in existing loans and deposits, which sometimes restrict the Group in its ability to change interest rates applying to customers in response to changes in interbank and central bank rates.

Equity market movements and changes in credit spreads can also impact the Group’s results.

·  
The main equity market risks arise in the life assurance companies and staff pension schemes.
 
·  
Credit spread risk arises in the life assurance companies, pension schemes and banking businesses.

Continuing concerns about the fiscal position in Eurozone countries resulted in increased credit spreads in the areas affected, and fears of contagion affected the euro and widened spreads between central bank and interbank rates.

Mitigating actions
The Group takes many mitigating actions with respect to these principal risks, key examples include:

Market risk is managed within a Board approved framework using a range of metrics to monitor the Group’s profile against its stated appetite and potential market conditions.

High level market risk exposure is reported regularly to appropriate committees for monitoring and oversight by senior management.  They also make recommendations to the Group Chief Executive concerning overall market risk appetite and market risk policy.

The following market risk measures are used for risk reporting and setting risk appetite limits and triggers:
 
·  
a 1-day 95 per cent Value at Risk (VaR) is used for short term liquid positions;
 
·  
a 1-year 95 per cent VaR is used for pensions market risk; and
 
·  
1 in 20 year Stresses are used for other market risks.

Interest rate risk arising from the different repricing characteristics of the Group’s non-trading assets and liabilities, and from the mismatch between interest rate insensitive assets and interest rate sensitive liabilities, is managed centrally. Matching assets and liabilities are offset against each other and interest rate swaps are also used to manage the residual exposure to within the Non-Traded Market Risk Appetite. 

The Group continues to liaise with defined benefit pension scheme trustees with regard to appropriately de-risking their portfolio.

The Group’s trading activity is small relative to our peers and is not considered to be a principal risk.  The average 95 per cent 1-day trading Value at Risk (VaR) was £7.9 million for the half-year to 30 June 2012 (£6 million for the year to 31 December 2011).
 
 
 


 
Customer treatment

Principal risk
Customer treatment and how the Group manages its customer relationships affect all aspects of the Group’s operations and are closely aligned with achievement of the Group’s strategic vision to be the best bank for customers.  As a provider of a wide range of financial services products across different brands and numerous distribution channels to an extremely broad and varied customer base, we face significant conduct risks, such as: products or services not meeting the needs of our customers; sales processes which could result in selling products to customers which do not meet their needs; and failure to deal with a customer’s complaint effectively where we have got it wrong and not met customer expectations.

There remains a high level of scrutiny regarding the treatment of customers by financial institutions from regulatory bodies, the press, and politicians.  The FSA in particular continues to drive focus on conduct of business activities through its supervision activity.

There is a risk that certain aspects of the Group’s business may be determined by regulatory bodies or the courts as not being conducted in accordance with applicable laws or regulations, or fair and reasonable treatment in their opinion.  The Group may also be liable for damages to third parties harmed by the conduct of its business.

Mitigating actions
The Group takes many mitigating actions with respect to these principal risks, key examples include:

The Group’s Conduct Risk Strategy and supporting framework have been designed to support our vision and strategic aim to put the customer at the heart of everything we do.  We have developed and implemented a framework to enable us to deliver the right outcomes for our customers, which is supported by policies and standards in key areas, including product governance, sales, responsible lending, customers in financial difficulties, claims and complaints handling.

The Group actively engages with the regulatory bodies and other stakeholders in developing its understanding of current customer treatment concerns.


People risk

Principal risk
The quality and effectiveness of the Group’s people are fundamental to its success.  Consequently, the Group’s management of material people risks is critical to its capacity to deliver against its long-term strategic objectives.  Over the next six months the Group’s ability to manage people risks successfully may continue to be affected by the following key drivers:

·  
the Group’s continuing structural consolidation and the sale of part of our branch network under Project Verde may result in disruption to our ability to lead and manage our people effectively;
 
·  
the continually changing, more rigorous regulatory environment, may impact our people strategy, remuneration practices and retention; and
 
·  
macroeconomic conditions and negative media attention on the banking sector may impact retention, colleague sentiment and engagement.


 
 
 


 
People risk (continued)

Mitigating actions
The Group takes many mitigating actions with respect to this principal risk, key examples include:

·  
Focusing on leadership and colleague engagement, through delivery of strategies to attract, retain and develop high calibre staff together with implementation of rigorous succession planning;
 
·  
Maintaining focus on people risk management across the Group;
 
·  
Ensuring compliance with legal and regulatory requirements related to Approved Persons and the FSA Remuneration Code, and embedding compliant and appropriate colleague behaviours in line with Group policies, values and people risk priorities; and
 
·  
Strengthening risk management culture and capability across the Group, together with further embedding of risk objectives in the colleague performance and reward process, which drives the best possible outcomes for customers and colleagues.


Insurance risk

Principal risk
The major sources of insurance risk are within the insurance businesses and the Group’s defined benefit staff pension schemes (pension schemes).  Insurance risk is inherent in the insurance business and can be affected by customer behaviour.  Insurance risks accepted relate primarily to mortality, longevity, morbidity, persistency, expenses, property and unemployment.  The primary insurance risk carried by the Group’s pension schemes is related to longevity.

Insurance risk within the insurance businesses has the potential to significantly impact the earnings and capital position of the Insurance division of the Group.  For the Group’s pension schemes, insurance risk could significantly increase the cost of pension provision and impact the balance sheet of the Group.

Mitigating actions
The Group takes many mitigating actions with respect to these principal risks, key examples include:

·  
Insurance risk is reported regularly to appropriate committees and boards.
 
·  
Actuarial assumptions are reviewed in line with experience and in-depth reviews are conducted regularly.  Longevity assumptions for the Group’s pension schemes are reviewed annually together with other IFRS assumptions.  Expert judgement is required.
 
·  
Insurance risk is primarily controlled via the following processes:
 
–  
Underwriting (the process to ensure that new insurance proposals are properly assessed);
 
–  
Pricing-to-risk (new insurance proposals are priced to cover the underlying risks inherent within the products);
 
–  
Claims management;
 
–  
Product design;
 
–  
Policy wording;
 
–  
Product management; and
 
–  
The use of reinsurance or other risk mitigation techniques.

In addition, exposure limits by risk type are derived from the business planning process and used as a control mechanism to ensure risks are taken within solvency risk appetite.

At all times, close attention is paid to the adequacy of reserves, solvency management and regulatory requirements.
 
 
 


 
State funding and state aid

HM Treasury currently holds 39.2 per cent of the Group’s ordinary share capital.  United Kingdom Financial Investments Limited (UKFI) as manager of HM Treasury's shareholding continues to operate in line with the framework document between UKFI and HM Treasury managing the investment in the Group on a commercial basis without interference in day-to-day management decisions.  There is a risk that a change in Government priorities could result in the framework agreement currently in place being replaced leading to interference in the operations of the Group, although there have been no indications that the Government intends to change the existing operating arrangements.

The Group made a number of undertakings to HM Treasury arising from the capital and funding support, including the provision of additional lending to certain mortgage and business sectors for the two years to 28 February 2011, and other matters relating to corporate governance and colleague remuneration.  The lending commitments were subject to prudent commercial lending and pricing criteria, the availability of sufficient funding and sufficient demand from creditworthy customers.  These lending commitments were delivered in full in the second year.

The subsequent agreement (known as Merlin) between five major UK banks (including the Group) and the Government in relation to gross business lending capacity in the 2011 calendar year was subject to a similar set of criteria.  The Group delivered in full its share of the commitments by the five banks, both in respect of lending to SMEs and in respect of overall gross business lending.  The Group has made a unilateral lending pledge for 2012 as part of its publicly announced SME charter.

In addition, the Group is subject to European state aid obligations in line with the Restructuring Plan agreed with HM Treasury and the EU College of Commissioners in November 2009, which is designed to support the long-term viability of the Group and remedy any distortion of competition and trade in the European Union (EU) arising from the state aid given to the Group.  This has placed a number of requirements on the Group including an asset reduction target from a defined pool of assets by the end of 2014, known as Project Atlantic, and the disposal of certain portions of its Retail business by the end of November 2013, known as Project Verde.  In June 2011 the Group issued an Information Memorandum to potential bidders, covering this retail banking business, which the European Commission confirmed met the requirements to commence the formal sale process for the sale no later than 30 November 2011.  On 14 December 2011 the Group announced that, having reviewed the formal offers made, its preferred option was for a direct sale and that it was entering exclusive discussions with The Co-operative Group.  On 19 July 2012 the Group announced that it has agreed non-binding heads of terms with The Co-operative Group for the Verde business.  The Group will continue to work with the Co-operative to agree a sale and purchase agreement, with completion of the divestment expected by the end of November 2013.  The Group continues to work closely with the FSA, EU Commission, HM Treasury and the Monitoring Trustee appointed by the EU Commission to ensure the successful implementation of the Restructuring Plan and will now seek formal approval for the terms of the divestment.  The Group is also continuing to progress an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in parallel as a fall back option.
 
 
 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
 

 
 
 
 


 
STATUTORY INFORMATION

 
Page 
Condensed consolidated half-year financial statements (unaudited)
  
Consolidated income statement
147 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
148 
Consolidated balance sheet
149 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
151 
Consolidated cash flow statement
154 
   
Notes
  
1
Accounting policies, presentation and estimates
155 
2
Segmental analysis
157 
3
Other income
163 
4
Operating expenses
164 
5
Impairment
165 
6
Taxation
165 
7
Loss per share
166 
8
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
166 
9
Derivative financial instruments
167 
10
Loans and advances to customers
168 
11
Allowance for impairment losses on loans and receivables
168 
12
Securitisations and covered bonds
169 
13
Debt securities classified as loans and receivables
170 
14
Available-for-sale financial assets
170 
15
Credit market exposures
171 
16
Customer deposits
172 
17
Debt securities in issue
173 
18
Subordinated liabilities
173 
19
Share capital
174 
20
Reserves
174 
21
Provisions for liabilities and charges
175 
22
Contingent liabilities and commitments
177 
23
Capital ratios
180 
24
Related party transactions
183 
25
Events after the balance sheet date
184 
26
Future accounting developments
185 
27
Other information
186 

 
 
 


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED HALF-YEAR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

       
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
Note 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
                 
Interest and similar income
      
12,734 
  
13,437 
  
12,879 
Interest and similar expense
      
(8,076)
  
(7,448)
  
(6,170)
Net interest income
      
4,658 
  
5,989 
  
6,709 
Fee and commission income
      
2,394 
  
2,465 
  
2,470 
Fee and commission expense
      
(748)
  
(690)
  
(701)
Net fee and commission income1
      
1,646 
  
1,775 
  
1,769 
Net trading income
      
4,105 
  
3,118 
  
(3,486)
Insurance premium income
      
4,183 
  
4,125 
  
4,045 
Other operating income
      
1,661 
  
1,522 
  
1,277 
Other income
  
3 
  
11,595 
  
10,540 
  
3,605 
Total income
      
16,253 
  
16,529 
  
10,314 
Insurance claims1
      
(7,288)
  
(5,661)
  
(380)
Total income, net of insurance claims
      
8,965 
  
10,868 
  
9,934 
Payment protection insurance provision
      
(1,075)
  
(3,200)
  
– 
Other operating expenses
      
(5,601)
  
(6,428)
  
(6,622)
Total operating expenses
  
4 
  
(6,676)
  
(9,628)
  
(6,622)
Trading surplus
      
2,289 
  
1,240 
  
3,312 
Impairment
  
5 
  
(2,728)
  
(4,491)
  
(3,603)
Loss before tax
      
(439)
  
(3,251)
  
(291)
Taxation
  
6 
  
(202)
  
973 
  
(145)
Loss for the period
      
(641)
  
(2,278)
  
(436)
                 
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests
      
35 
  
27 
  
46 
Loss attributable to equity shareholders
      
(676)
  
(2,305)
  
(482)
Loss for the period
      
(641)
  
(2,278)
  
(436)
                 
Basic loss per share
  
7 
  
(1.0)p 
  
(3.4)p 
  
(0.7)p 
Diluted loss per share
  
7 
  
(1.0)p 
  
(3.4)p 
  
(0.7)p 

1
See note 3.


 
 
 


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED HALF-YEAR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (continued)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
             
Loss for the period
  
(641)
  
(2,278)
  
(436)
Other comprehensive income
            
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets:
            
Change in fair value
  
668 
  
437 
  
2,166 
Income statement transfers in respect of disposals
  
(792)
  
52 
  
(395)
Income statement transfers in respect of impairment
  
28 
  
29 
  
51 
Other income statement transfers
  
70 
  
25 
  
(180)
Taxation
  
42 
  
(123)
  
(452)
   
16 
  
420 
  
1,190 
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve:
            
Effective portion of changes in fair value
  
128 
  
516 
  
400 
Net income statement transfers
  
238 
  
103 
  
(33)
Taxation
  
(83)
  
(176)
  
(94)
   
283 
  
443 
  
273 
Currency translation differences (tax: nil)
  
(20)
  
(77)
  
(7)
Other comprehensive income for the period, net of tax
  
279 
  
786 
  
1,456 
Total comprehensive income for the period
  
(362)
  
(1,492)
  
1,020 
             
Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests
34 
  
25 
  
47 
Total comprehensive income attributable to equity shareholders
  
(396)
  
(1,517)
  
973 
Total comprehensive income for the period
  
(362)
  
(1,492)
  
1,020 

 
 
 


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED HALF-YEAR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (continued)

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

       
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
Assets
  
Note 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
             
Cash and balances at central banks
      
87,590 
  
60,722 
Items in course of collection from banks
      
1,454 
  
1,408 
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
  
8 
  
145,626 
  
139,510 
Derivative financial instruments
  
9 
  
58,347 
  
66,013 
Loans and receivables:
            
Loans and advances to banks
      
31,779 
  
32,606 
Loans and advances to customers
  
10 
  
534,445 
  
565,638 
Debt securities
  
13 
  
6,429 
  
12,470 
       
572,653 
  
610,714 
Available-for-sale financial assets
  
14 
  
32,810 
  
37,406 
Held-to-maturity investments
      
10,933 
  
8,098 
Investment properties
      
5,749 
  
6,122 
Goodwill
      
2,016 
  
2,016 
Value of in-force business
      
6,615 
  
6,638 
Other intangible assets
      
3,025 
  
3,196 
Tangible fixed assets
      
7,646 
  
7,673 
Current tax recoverable
      
512 
  
434 
Deferred tax assets
      
4,229 
  
4,496 
Retirement benefit assets
      
1,740 
  
1,338 
Other assets
      
20,426 
  
14,762 
Total assets
      
961,371 
  
970,546 




 
 
 


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED HALF-YEAR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (continued)

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (continued)

       
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at
  31 Dec 
2011 
Equity and liabilities
  
Note 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
             
Liabilities
            
Deposits from banks
      
44,895 
  
39,810 
Customer deposits
  
16 
  
423,238 
  
413,906 
Items in course of transmission to banks
      
1,258 
  
844 
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
      
37,424 
  
24,955 
Derivative financial instruments
  
9 
  
50,153 
  
58,212 
Notes in circulation
      
1,090 
  
1,145 
Debt securities in issue
  
17 
  
150,513 
  
185,059 
Liabilities arising from insurance contracts and
participating investment contracts
      
79,990 
  
78,991 
Liabilities arising from non-participating investment contracts
      
50,940 
  
49,636 
Unallocated surplus within insurance businesses
      
269 
  
300 
Other liabilities
      
37,080 
  
32,041 
Retirement benefit obligations
      
327 
  
381 
Current tax liabilities
      
99 
  
103 
Deferred tax liabilities
      
270 
  
314 
Other provisions
      
2,444 
  
3,166 
Subordinated liabilities
  
18 
  
34,752 
  
35,089 
Total liabilities
      
914,742 
  
923,952 
             
Equity
            
Share capital
  
19 
  
7,042 
  
6,881 
Share premium account
  
20 
  
16,872 
  
16,541 
Other reserves
  
20 
  
14,098 
  
13,818 
Retained profits
  
20 
  
7,925 
  
8,680 
Shareholders’ equity
      
45,937 
  
45,920 
Non-controlling interests
      
692 
  
674 
Total equity
      
46,629 
  
46,594 
Total equity and liabilities
      
961,371 
  
970,546 


 
 
 


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED HALF-YEAR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (continued)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

   
Attributable to equity shareholders
        
 
Share capital and 
premium 
  
Other 
reserves 
  
Retained 
profits 
  
Total 
Non- 
controlling 
interests 
  
Total
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
                         
Balance at 1 January 2012
  
23,422 
  
13,818 
  
8,680 
  
45,920 
  
674 
  
46,594 
Comprehensive income
                        
(Loss) profit for the period
  
– 
  
– 
  
(676)
  
(676)
  
35 
  
(641)
Other comprehensive income
                        
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax
– 
  
17 
  
– 
  
17 
  
(1)
  
16 
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve, net of tax
  
– 
  
283 
  
– 
  
283 
  
– 
  
283 
Currency translation differences (tax: nil)
  
– 
  
(20)
  
– 
  
(20)
  
– 
  
(20)
Total other comprehensive income
– 
  
280 
  
– 
  
280 
  
(1)
  
279 
Total comprehensive income
  
– 
  
280 
  
(676)
  
(396)
  
34 
  
(362)
Transactions with owners
                        
Dividends
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(23)
  
(23)
Issue of ordinary shares
  
492 
  
– 
  
– 
  
492 
  
– 
  
492 
Movement in treasury shares
– 
  
– 
  
(273)
  
(273)
  
– 
  
(273)
Value of employee services:
                      
Share option schemes
– 
  
– 
  
48 
  
48 
  
– 
  
48 
Other employee award schemes
– 
  
– 
  
146 
  
146 
  
– 
  
146 
Change in non-controlling interests
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
7 
  
7 
Total transactions with owners
492 
  
– 
  
(79)
  
413 
  
(16)
  
397 
Balance at 30 June 2012
  
23,914 
  
14,098 
  
7,925 
  
45,937 
  
692 
  
46,629 



 
 
 


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED HALF-YEAR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (continued)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (continued)

   
Attributable to equity shareholders
        
 
Share capital and 
premium 
  
Other 
reserves 
  
Retained 
profits 
  
Total 
Non- 
controlling 
interests 
  
Total 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
                         
Balance at 1 January 2011
  
23,106 
  
11,575 
  
11,380 
  
46,061 
  
841 
  
46,902 
Comprehensive income
                        
(Loss) profit for the period
  
– 
  
– 
  
(2,305)
  
(2,305)
  
27 
  
(2,278)
Other comprehensive income
                        
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax
– 
  
422 
  
– 
  
422 
  
(2)
  
420 
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve, net of tax
  
– 
  
443 
  
– 
  
443 
  
– 
  
443 
Currency translation differences (tax: nil)
  
– 
  
(77)
  
– 
  
(77)
  
– 
  
(77)
Total other comprehensive income
– 
  
788 
  
– 
  
788 
  
(2)
  
786 
Total comprehensive income
  
– 
  
788 
  
(2,305)
  
(1,517)
  
25 
  
(1,492)
Transactions with owners
                        
Dividends
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(22)
  
(22)
Issue of ordinary shares
  
316 
  
– 
  
– 
  
316 
  
– 
  
316 
Movement in treasury shares
– 
  
– 
  
(282)
  
(282)
  
– 
  
(282)
Value of employee services:
                      
Share option schemes
– 
  
– 
  
146 
  
146 
  
– 
  
146 
Other employee award schemes
– 
  
– 
  
185 
  
185 
  
– 
  
185 
Change in non-controlling interests
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(207)
  
(207)
Total transactions with owners
  
316 
  
– 
  
49 
  
365 
  
(229)
  
136 
Balance at 30 June 2011
  
23,422 
  
12,363 
  
9,124 
  
44,909 
  
637 
  
45,546 



 
 
 


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED HALF-YEAR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (continued)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (continued)

   
Attributable to equity shareholders
        
 
Share capital and 
premium 
  
Other 
reserves 
  
Retained 
profits 
  
Total 
Non- 
controlling 
interests 
  
Total 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
                         
Balance at 1 July 2011
  
23,422 
  
12,363 
  
9,124 
  
44,909 
  
637 
  
45,546 
Comprehensive income
                        
(Loss) profit for the period
  
– 
  
– 
  
(482)
  
(482)
  
46 
  
(436)
Other comprehensive income
                        
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax
– 
  
1,189 
  
– 
  
1,189 
  
1 
  
1,190 
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve, net of tax
  
– 
  
273 
  
– 
  
273 
  
– 
  
273 
Currency translation differences (tax: nil)
  
– 
  
(7)
  
– 
  
(7)
  
– 
  
(7)
Total other comprehensive income
– 
  
1,455 
  
– 
  
1,455 
  
1 
  
1,456 
Total comprehensive income
  
– 
  
1,455 
  
(482)
  
973 
  
47 
  
1,020 
Transactions with owners
                        
Dividends
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(28)
  
(28)
Movement in treasury shares
– 
  
– 
  
6 
  
6 
  
– 
  
6 
Value of employee services:
                      
Share option schemes
– 
  
– 
  
(21)
  
(21)
  
– 
  
(21)
Other employee award schemes
– 
  
– 
  
53 
  
53 
  
– 
  
53 
Change in non-controlling interests
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
18 
  
18 
Total transactions with owners
  
– 
  
– 
  
38 
  
38 
  
(10)
  
28 
Balance at 31 December 2011
  
23,422 
  
13,818 
  
8,680 
  
45,920 
  
674 
  
46,594 


 
 
 


 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED HALF-YEAR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (continued)

CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£ million 
  
£ million 
  
£ million 
             
Loss before tax
  
(439)
  
(3,251)
  
(291)
Adjustments for:
            
Change in operating assets
  
29,831 
  
19,532 
  
24,565 
Change in operating liabilities
  
(8,543)
  
(12,712)
  
(6,475)
Non-cash and other items
  
1,838 
  
5,443 
  
(6,782)
Tax paid
  
(94)
  
(74)
  
(62)
Net cash provided by operating activities
  
22,593 
  
8,938 
  
10,955 
             
Cash flows from investing activities
            
Purchase of financial assets
  
(12,284)
  
(14,196)
  
(14,799)
Proceeds from sale and maturity of financial assets
  
14,238 
  
24,390 
  
12,133 
Purchase of fixed assets
  
(1,416)
  
(1,354)
  
(1,741)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets
  
1,022 
  
713 
  
1,501 
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
  
(10)
  
(8)
  
(5)
Disposal of businesses, net of cash disposed
  
5 
  
238 
  
60 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
  
1,555 
  
9,783 
  
(2,851)
             
Cash flows from financing activities
            
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests
  
(23)
  
(22)
  
(28)
Interest paid on subordinated liabilities
  
(888)
  
(1,230)
  
(896)
Repayment of subordinated liabilities
  
(15)
  
(924)
  
(150)
Change in non-controlling interests
  
7 
  
(10)
  
18 
Net cash used in financing activities
  
(919)
  
(2,186)
  
(1,056)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
  
(10)
  
10 
  
(4)
Change in cash and cash equivalents
  
23,219 
  
16,545 
  
7,044 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
  
85,889 
  
62,300 
  
78,845 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  
109,108 
  
78,845 
  
85,889 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash and balances at central banks (excluding mandatory deposits) and amounts due from banks with a maturity of less than three months.
 
 
 

1.         Accounting policies, presentation and estimates

These condensed consolidated half-year financial statements as at and for the period to 30 June 2012 have been prepared in accordance with the Disclosure and Transparency Rules of the Financial Services Authority (FSA) and with International Accounting Standard 34 (IAS 34), Interim Financial Reporting as adopted by the European Union and comprise the results of Lloyds Banking Group plc (the Company) together with its subsidiaries (the Group).  They do not include all of the information required for full annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Group’s consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended 31 December 2011 which were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European Union.  Copies of the 2011 annual report and accounts are available on the Group’s website and are available upon request from Investor Relations, Lloyds Banking Group plc, 25 Gresham Street, London EC2V 7HN.

The British Bankers’ Association’s Code for Financial Reporting Disclosure (the Disclosure Code) sets out disclosure principles together with supporting guidance in respect of the financial statements of UK banks.  The Group has adopted the Disclosure Code and these condensed consolidated half-year financial statements have been prepared in compliance with the Disclosure Code’s principles.  Terminology used in these condensed consolidated half-year financial statements is consistent with that used in the Group’s 2011 annual report and accounts where a glossary of terms can be found.

The directors consider that it is appropriate to continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the condensed consolidated half-year financial statements.  In reaching this assessment, the directors have considered projections for the Group’s capital and funding position and have had regard to the factors set out in Principal risks and uncertainties: Liquidity and funding on page 93.

The Group had previously included annual management charges on non-participating investment contracts within insurance claims; during the second half of 2011, in light of developing industry practice, the Group changed its treatment and these amounts (half-year to 30 June 2012: £331 million; half-year to 30 June 2011: £312 million; half-year to 31 December 2011: £294 million) are now included within net fee and commission income.

As the Group’s share of results of joint ventures and associates is no longer significant, this is now included within other operating income and the related asset reported within other assets; comparatives have been re-presented on a consistent basis.

Accounting policies
The accounting policies are consistent with those applied by the Group in its 2011 annual report and accounts.

In accordance with IAS 34, the Group’s income tax expense for the half-year to 30 June 2012 is based on the best estimate of the weighted-average annual income tax rate expected for the full financial year.  The tax effects of one-off items are not included in the weighted-average annual income tax rate, but are recognised in the relevant period.

In accordance with IAS 19 Employee Benefits and the Group’s normal practice, the valuation of the Group’s pension schemes will be formally updated at the year end.  No adjustment has been made to the valuation at 30 June 2012.

Critical accounting estimates and judgements
The preparation of the Group’s financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that impact the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses.  Due to the inherent uncertainty in making estimates, actual results reported in future periods may include amounts which differ from those estimates.  Estimates, judgements and assumptions are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.  There have been no significant changes in the basis upon which estimates have been determined, compared to that applied at 31 December 2011.
 
 
 

1.         Accounting policies, presentation and estimates (continued)

Payment protection insurance
During 2011 and the first half of 2012, the Group has charged a total provision of £4,275 million in respect of payment protection insurance (PPI) policies as a result of discussions with the FSA and a judgment handed down by the UK High Court (see note 21 for more information).  The provision represents management’s best estimate of the anticipated costs of related customer contact and/or redress, including administration expenses.  However, there are still a number of uncertainties as to the eventual costs from any such contact and/or redress given the inherent difficulties in assessing the impact of detailed implementation of the FSA Policy Statement of 10 August 2010.

The provision requires significant judgement by management in determining appropriate assumptions, which include the level of complaints, uphold rates, proactive contact and response rates, Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS) referral and uphold rates as well as redress costs for each of the many different populations of customers identified by the Group in its analyses used to determine the best estimate of the anticipated costs of redress.  Following an increase in the volume of complaints received, the Group decided to increase the provision by £1,075 million in the first half of 2012.  Going forward, if the level of policies complained about was one percentage point higher (lower) than estimated for all policies open within the last seven years then the provision would increase (decrease) by approximately £40 million.  There are a large number of inter-dependent assumptions underpinning the provision; this sensitivity assumes that all assumptions, other than the level of complaints, remain constant.

The Group will re-evaluate the assumptions underlying its analysis at each reporting date as more information becomes available.  As noted above, there is inherent uncertainty in making estimates; actual results in future periods may differ from the amount provided.

New accounting pronouncements
The Group has adopted the following new standards and amendments to standards which became effective for financial years beginning on or after 1 January 2012.  Neither of these standards or amendments to standards has had a material impact on these financial statements.

·  
Disclosures – Transfers of Financial Assets (Amendments to IFRS 7)
 
This amendment to IFRS 7 requires disclosures in respect of all transferred financial assets that are not derecognised in their entirety and transferred assets that are derecognised in their entirety but with which there is continuing involvement.  Where appropriate, these disclosures will be made in the Group’s financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2012.

·  
Deferred Tax: Recovery of Underlying Assets (Amendment to IAS 12)
 
Introduces a rebuttable presumption that investment property measured at fair value is recovered entirely through sale and that deferred tax in respect of such investment property is recognised on that basis. Although this Amendment has not yet been endorsed by the EU, the Group’s existing practices are consistent with this Amendment.

Details of those IFRS pronouncements which will be relevant to the Group but which will not be effective at 31 December 2012 and which have not been applied in preparing these financial statements are given in note 26.
 
 
 

2.         Segmental analysis

Lloyds Banking Group provides a wide range of banking and financial services in the UK and in certain locations overseas.

The Group Executive Committee (GEC) has been determined to be the chief operating decision maker for the Group.  The Group’s operating segments reflect its organisational and management structures.  GEC reviews the Group’s internal reporting based around these segments in order to assess performance and allocate resources.  This assessment includes a consideration of each segment’s net interest revenue and consequently the total interest income and expense for all reportable segments is presented on a net basis.  The segments are differentiated by the type of products provided, by whether the customers are individuals or corporate entities and by the geographical location of the customer.

The segmental results and comparatives are presented on a management basis, the basis reviewed by the chief operating decision maker.  Previously the results of the Group’s segments had been reviewed on a combined businesses basis and the Group’s segmental analysis was presented accordingly.  Profit on the management basis now presented is equivalent to profit before tax on a combined businesses basis.  However, the effects of asset sales, volatile items and liability management are shown on a separate line in the management basis income statements whereas they were previously included in the relevant line items on a combined business basis; in addition the results of asset sales are now reported net of the related fair value unwind whereas this was previously included on the separate fair value unwind line.

The Group’s activities are organised into five financial reporting segments: Retail; Wholesale; Commercial; Wealth, Asset Finance and International; and Insurance.  The Asset Finance business unit, previously reported within Wholesale, is now reported within the Wealth, Asset Finance and International segment; comparatives have been restated accordingly.  The Asset Finance business recorded a management basis profit before tax of £171 million in the half-year to 30 June 2012 (half-year to 30 June 2011: £149 million; half-year to 31 December 2011: £126 million).  Asset sales now include sales of centrally held government bonds, following an increase in activity in the first half of 2012; comparatives have been restated accordingly.

During the third quarter of 2011, the Group implemented a new approach to its allocation methodologies for funding costs and capital that ensures that the cost of funding is more fully reflected in each segment’s results.  The new methodology is designed to ensure that funding costs are allocated to the segments and that the allocation is more directly related to the size and behavioural duration of asset portfolios, with a similar approach applied to recognise the value to the business from the Group’s growing deposit base.  Comparative figures for the half-year to 30 June 2011 have been restated.  The impact of this restatement on the half-year to 30 June 2011 was to reduce net interest income and profit before tax in Retail by £293 million, in Wholesale by £230 million, in Commercial by £15 million and in Wealth, Asset Finance and International by £58 million; and to increase net interest income and profit before tax in Insurance by £117 million and in Central items by £479 million.

Retail offers a broad range of retail financial service products in the UK, including current accounts, savings, personal loans, credit cards and mortgages.  It is also a major general insurance and bancassurance distributor, selling a wide range of long-term savings, investment and general insurance products.

Wholesale serves businesses with turnover above £15 million with a range of propositions segmented according to customer need.  Wholesale comprises Wholesale Banking and Markets and Wholesale Business Support Unit.

Commercial serves in excess of a million small and medium-sized enterprises and community organisations with a turnover of up to £15 million.  Customers extend from start-up enterprises to established corporations, and are supported with a range of propositions aligned to customer needs.  Commercial comprises Commercial Banking and Commercial Finance, the invoice discounting and factoring business.
 
 
 


2.
Segmental analysis (continued)

Wealth, Asset Finance and International gives increased focus and momentum to the Group's private banking and asset management activities, closely co-ordinates the management of its international businesses and now also encompasses the Asset Finance business in the UK.  Wealth comprises the Group's private banking, wealth and asset management businesses in the UK and overseas.  International comprises corporate, commercial, asset finance and retail businesses, principally in Australia and Continental Europe.

Insurance provides long-term savings, investment and protection products distributed through bancassurance, intermediary and direct channels in the UK.  It is also a distributor of home insurance in the UK with products sold through the retail branch network, direct channels and strategic corporate partners.  The business consists of Life, Pensions and Investments UK; Life Pensions and Investments Europe; and General Insurance.

Other includes the costs of managing the Group’s technology platforms, branch and head office property estate, operations (including payments, banking operations and collections) and procurement services, the costs of which are predominantly recharged to the other divisions.  It also reflects other items not recharged to the divisions, including hedge ineffectiveness, UK bank levy, Financial Services Compensation Scheme costs, gains on liability management, volatile items such as hedge accounting managed centrally, and other gains from the structural hedging of interest rate risk.

Inter-segment services are generally recharged at cost, with the exception of the internal commission arrangements between the UK branch and other distribution networks and the insurance product manufacturing businesses within the Group, where a profit margin is also charged.  Inter-segment lending and deposits are generally entered into at market rates, except that non-interest bearing balances are priced at a rate that reflects the external yield that could be earned on such funds.

For the majority of those derivative contracts entered into by business units for risk management purposes, the business unit recognises the net interest income or expense on an accrual accounting basis and transfers the remainder of the fair value of the derivative to the central group segment where the resulting accounting volatility is managed where possible through the establishment of hedge accounting relationships.  Any change in fair value of the hedged instrument attributable to the hedged risk is also recorded within the central group segment.  This allocation of the fair value of the derivative and change in fair value of the hedged instrument attributable to the hedged risk avoids accounting asymmetry in segmental results and records volatility in the central group segment where it is managed.
 
 
 


 
2.
Segmental analysis (continued)

   
Underlying
          
Half-year to 30 June 2012
  
Net 
interest 
income 
  
Other 
income 
Insurance 
claims 
Total 
income, 
net of 
insurance 
claims 
Manage- 
ment 
profit 
(loss) 
before tax 
  
External 
revenue 
  
Inter- 
segment 
revenue 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Retail
  
3,490 
  
766 
  
– 
  
4,256 
  
1,650 
  
5,392 
  
(1,136)
Wholesale
  
554 
  
1,261 
  
– 
  
1,815 
  
399 
  
1,385 
  
430 
Commercial
  
587 
  
210 
  
– 
  
797 
  
271 
  
668 
  
129 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
448 
  
1,031 
  
– 
  
1,479 
  
(1,064)
  
1,826 
  
(347)
Insurance
  
(37)
  
1,156 
  
(233)
  
886 
  
481 
  
1,086 
  
(200)
Other
  
173 
  
(160)
  
– 
  
13 
  
(572)
  
(1,111)
  
1,124 
Group
  
5,215 
  
4,264 
  
(233)
  
9,246 
  
1,165 
  
9,246 
  
– 
Reconciling items:
                            
Insurance grossing adjustment
  
(327)
  
7,468 
  
(7,055)
  
86 
  
– 
        
Asset sales, volatile items and liability management1
  
80 
  
(136)
  
– 
  
(56)
  
– 
        
Volatility arising in insurance businesses
  
2 
  
(26)
  
– 
  
(24)
  
(24)
        
Simplification costs
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(274)
        
EC mandated retail business disposal costs
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(239)
        
Payment protection insurance provision
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(1,075)
        
Past service pensions credit
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
250 
        
Amortisation of purchased intangibles
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(242)
        
Fair value unwind
  
(312)
  
25 
  
– 
  
(287)
  
– 
        
Group – statutory
  
4,658 
  
11,595 
  
(7,288)
  
8,965 
  
(439)
        

1
Includes (i) gains or losses on disposals of assets, including centrally held government bonds, which are not part of normal business operations; (ii) the net effect of banking volatility, changes in the fair value of the equity conversion feature of the Group’s Enhanced Capital Notes and net derivative valuation adjustments; and (iii) the gains from liability management exercises.


 
 
 


 
2.         Segmental analysis (continued)

   
Underlying
          
Half-year to 30 June 20111
  
Net 
interest 
income 
  
Other 
income 
Insurance 
claims 
Total 
income, 
net of 
insurance 
claims 
Manage- 
ment 
profit (loss) 
before tax 
  
External 
revenue 
  
Inter- 
segment 
revenue 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Retail
  
3,870 
  
846 
  
– 
  
4,716 
  
1,907 
  
6,321 
  
(1,605)
Wholesale
  
969 
  
1,387 
  
– 
  
2,356 
  
1,060 
  
1,150 
  
1,206 
Commercial
  
634 
  
208 
  
– 
  
842 
  
237 
  
665 
  
177 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
642 
  
1,221 
  
– 
  
1,863 
  
(1,989)
  
2,083 
  
(220)
Insurance
  
(25)
  
1,319 
  
(198)
  
1,096 
  
660 
  
1,437 
  
(341)
Other
  
265 
  
(35)
  
– 
  
230 
  
(771)
  
(553)
  
783 
Group
  
6,355 
  
4,946 
  
(198)
  
11,103 
  
1,104 
  
11,103 
  
– 
Reconciling items:
                          
Insurance grossing adjustment
(102)
  
5,644 
  
(5,463)
  
79 
  
– 
        
Asset sales, volatile items and liability management2
  
23 
  
(287)
  
– 
  
(264)
  
– 
        
Volatility arising in insurance businesses
  
10 
  
(187)
  
– 
  
(177)
  
(177)
        
Integration costs
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(642)
        
EC mandated retail business disposal costs
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(47)
        
Payment protection insurance provision
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(3,200)
        
Amortisation of purchased intangibles
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(289)
        
Fair value unwind
  
(297)
  
424 
  
– 
  
127 
  
– 
        
Group – statutory
  
5,989 
  
10,540 
  
(5,661)
  
10,868 
  
(3,251)
        

1
Restated as explained on page 157.
2
Includes (i) gains or losses on disposals of assets which are not part of normal business operations (following an increase in the sale of centrally held government bonds in the first half of 2012, related gains have been included within this line and comparative figures have been restated accordingly); (ii) the net effect of banking volatility, changes in the fair value of the equity conversion feature of the Group’s Enhanced Capital Notes and net derivative valuation adjustments; and (iii) the gains from liability management exercises.


 
 
 


 
2.         Segmental analysis (continued)

 
Underlying
          
Half-year to 31 December 20111
Net 
interest 
income 
  
Other 
income 
  
Insurance 
claims 
Total 
income, 
net of 
insurance 
claims 
 
Manage- 
ment 
profit (loss) 
before tax 
  
External 
revenue 
  
Inter- 
segment 
revenue 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                             
Retail
  
3,627 
  
814 
  
– 
  
4,441 
  
1,729 
  
5,909 
  
(1,468)
Wholesale
  
791 
  
899 
  
– 
  
1,690 
  
(487)
  
1,343 
  
347 
Commercial
  
617 
  
218 
  
– 
  
835 
  
242 
  
578 
  
257 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
542 
  
1,103 
  
– 
  
1,645 
  
(1,672)
  
1,933 
  
(288)
Insurance
  
(42)
  
1,368 
  
(145)
  
1,181 
  
762 
  
1,473 
  
(292)
Other
  
320 
  
(169)
  
– 
  
151 
  
1,007 
  
(1,293)
  
1,444 
Group
  
5,855 
  
4,233 
  
(145)
  
9,943 
  
1,581 
  
9,943 
  
– 
Reconciling items:
                            
Insurance grossing adjustment
  
438 
  
(114)
  
(235)
  
89 
  
– 
        
Effects of liability management, volatile items and assets sales2
820 
  
285 
  
– 
  
1,105 
  
– 
        
Volatility arising in insurance businesses
  
9 
  
(670)
  
– 
  
(661)
  
(661)
        
Integration and Simplification costs
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(640)
        
EC mandated retail business disposal costs
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(123)
        
Amortisation of purchased intangibles
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(273)
        
Fair value unwind
  
(413)
  
(129)
  
– 
  
(542)
  
– 
        
Provision in relation to German insurance business litigation
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
(175)
        
Group – statutory
  
6,709 
  
3,605 
  
(380)
  
9,934 
  
(291)
        

1
Restated as explained on page 157.
2
Includes (i) gains or losses on disposals of assets which are not part of normal business operations (following an increase in the sale of centrally held government bonds in the first half of 2012, related gains have been included within this line and comparative figures have been restated accordingly); (ii) the net effect of banking volatility, changes in the fair value of the equity conversion feature of the Group’s Enhanced Capital Notes and net derivative valuation adjustments; and (iii) the gains from liability management exercises.
 


 
 
 


 
2.         Segmental analysis (continued)

Segment external assets
  
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
20111
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Retail
  
349,652 
  
356,295 
Wholesale
  
305,466 
  
310,843 
Commercial
  
29,603 
  
28,998 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
82,342 
  
84,215 
Insurance
  
140,742 
  
140,754 
Other
  
53,566 
  
49,441 
Total Group
  
961,371 
  
970,546 
         
Segment customer deposits
        
Retail
  
254,698 
  
247,088 
Wholesale
  
85,369 
  
91,357 
Commercial
  
33,484 
  
32,107 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
49,666 
  
42,019 
Other
  
21 
  
1,335 
Total Group
  
423,238 
  
413,906 
         
Segment external liabilities
        
Retail
  
287,705 
  
279,162 
Wholesale
  
240,551 
  
257,935 
Commercial
  
33,756 
  
32,723 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
88,285 
  
77,065 
Insurance
  
128,854 
  
129,350 
Other
  
135,591 
  
147,717 
Total Group
  
914,742 
  
923,952 

1
Segment total external assets and segment external liabilities as at 31 December 2011 have been restated to reflect the transfer of Asset Finance from Wholesale to form part of Wealth, Asset Finance and International (see page 157).


 
 
 


 
3.         Other income

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
             
Fee and commission income:
            
Current account fees
  
512 
  
530 
  
523 
Credit and debit card fees
  
463 
  
402 
  
475 
Other fees and commissions1
  
1,419 
  
1,533 
  
1,472 
   
2,394 
  
2,465 
  
2,470 
Fee and commission expense
  
(748)
  
(690)
  
(701)
Net fee and commission income
  
1,646 
  
1,775 
  
1,769 
Net trading income
  
4,105 
  
3,118 
  
(3,486)
Insurance premium income
  
4,183 
  
4,125 
  
4,045 
Liability management gains2
  
59 
  
– 
  
599 
Other
  
1,602 
  
1,522 
  
678 
Other operating income
  
1,661 
  
1,522 
  
1,277 
Total other income
  
11,595 
  
10,540 
  
3,605 

1
In previous years the Group has included annual management charges on non-participating investment contracts within insurance claims.  In light of developing industry practice, these amounts (half-year to 30 June 2012: £331 million; half-year to 30 June 2011: £312 million; half-year to 31 December 2011: £294 million) are now included within net fee and commission income.
2
During February 2012, the Group completed the exchange of certain subordinated debt securities issued by the HBOS group for new subordinated debt securities issued by Lloyds TSB Bank plc by undertaking an exchange offer on certain securities which were eligible for call during 2012.  This exchange resulted in a gain on the extinguishment of the existing securities of £59 million being the difference between the carrying amount of the securities extinguished and the fair value of the new securities issued together with related fees and costs; this gain has been recognised in other operating income (half-year to 30 June 2011: £nil; half-year to 31 December 2011: gain on a similar exchange of £599 million).
 
As part of the exchange, the Group announced that all decisions to exercise calls on those original securities that remained outstanding following the exchange offer would be made with reference to the prevailing regulatory, economic and market conditions at the time.  These securities will not, therefore, be called at their first available call date which will lead to coupons continuing to be being paid until possibly the final redemption date of the securities.  Consequently, the Group is required to adjust the carrying amount of these securities to reflect the revised estimated cash flows over their revised life and to recognise this change in carrying value in interest expense.  Included within net interest income in the half-year to 30 June 2012 is a credit of £109 million in respect of the securities that remained outstanding following the exchange offer (half-year to 30 June 2011: £nil; half-year to 31 December 2011: gain following a similar adjustment to carrying value of £570 million).
 
In December 2011, the Group decided to defer payment of non-mandatory coupons on certain securities and, instead, settle them using an Alternative Coupon Satisfaction Mechanism on their contractual terms.  This change in expected cash flows resulted in a gain of £126 million in net interest income in the half-year to 31 December 2011 from the recalculation of the carrying value of these securities.

 
 
 

4.
Operating expenses

   
Half-year  
to 30 June  
2012  
  
Half-year  
to 30 June  
2011  
  
Half-year  
to 31 Dec  
2011  
   
£m  
  
£m  
  
£m  
             
Administrative expenses
            
Staff costs:
            
Salaries
  
2,008  
  
2,294  
  
1,851  
Social security costs
  
211  
  
214  
  
218  
Pensions and other post-retirement benefit schemes:
            
Past service credit1
    
(250)
      
– 
      
– 
  
Other
    
240 
      
209 
      
192 
  
   
(10) 
  
209  
  
192  
Restructuring costs
  
164  
  
15  
  
109  
Other staff costs
  
356  
  
439  
  
625  
   
2,729  
  
3,171  
  
2,995  
Premises and equipment:
            
Rent and rates
  
248  
  
282  
  
265  
Hire of equipment
  
10  
  
11  
  
11  
Repairs and maintenance
  
80  
  
93  
  
95  
Other
  
140  
  
146  
  
148  
   
478  
  
532  
  
519  
Other expenses:
            
Communications and data processing
  
505  
  
530  
  
424  
Advertising and promotion
  
156  
  
210  
  
188  
Professional fees
  
217  
  
327  
  
249  
Provision in relation to German insurance business litigation
  
–  
  
–  
  
175  
UK bank levy
  
–  
  
–  
  
189  
Other
  
464  
  
489  
  
812  
   
1,342  
  
1,556  
  
2,037  
   
4,549  
  
5,259  
  
5,551  
Depreciation and amortisation
  
1,052  
  
1,104  
  
1,071  
Impairment of tangible fixed assets
  
–  
  
65  
  
–  
Total operating expenses, excluding payment protection insurance provision
  
5,601  
  
6,428  
  
6,622  
Payment protection insurance provision (note 21)
  
1,075  
  
3,200  
  
–  
Total operating expenses
  
6,676  
  
9,628  
  
6,622  

1
Following a review of policy in respect of discretionary pension increases in relation to the Group’s defined benefit pension schemes, increases in certain schemes are now linked to the Consumer Price Index rather than the Retail Price Index.  The impact of this change is a reduction in the Group’s defined benefit obligation of £258 million, recognised in the Group’s income statement in the half-year to 30 June 2012, net of a charge of £8 million in respect of one of the Group’s smaller schemes.


 
 
 


5.         Impairment
   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
             
Impairment losses on loans and receivables:
            
Loans and advances to customers
  
2,672 
  
4,441 
  
3,579 
Debt securities classified as loans and receivables
  
9 
  
16 
  
33 
Impairment losses on loans and receivables (note 11)
  
2,681 
  
4,457 
  
3,612 
Impairment of available-for-sale financial assets
  
28 
  
32 
  
48 
Other credit risk provisions
  
19 
  
2 
  
(57)
Total impairment charged to the income statement
  
2,728 
  
4,491 
  
3,603 


6.         Taxation

A reconciliation of the tax credit that would result from applying the standard UK corporation tax rate to the loss before tax, to the actual tax (charge) credit, is given below:

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
             
Loss before tax
  
(439)
  
(3,251)
  
(291)
             
Tax credit thereon at UK corporation tax rate of 24.5 per cent (2011: 26.5 per cent)
  
108 
  
862 
  
77 
Factors affecting tax (charge) credit:
            
UK corporation tax rate change
  
(120)
  
(175)
  
(229)
Disallowed and non-taxable items
  
(20)
  
34 
  
204 
Overseas tax rate differences
  
13 
  
15 
  
2 
Gains exempted or covered by capital losses
  
32 
  
51 
  
55 
Policyholder tax
  
(258)
  
99 
  
(46)
Tax losses where no deferred tax recognised
  
(25)
  
(139)
  
(122)
Deferred tax on losses not previously recognised
  
– 
  
287 
  
45 
Adjustments in respect of previous years
  
53 
  
(63)
  
(143)
Effect of results of joint ventures and associates
  
9 
  
4 
  
4 
Other items
  
6 
  
(2)
  
8 
Tax (charge) credit
  
(202)
  
973 
  
(145)

In accordance with IAS 34, the Group’s income tax expense for the half-year to 30 June 2012 is based on the best estimate of the weighted-average annual income tax rate expected for the full financial year.  A reduction in insurance deferred tax assets arising from a reassessment of recoverability has been reflected in the weighted-average annual income tax rate for the full year.  The tax effects of one-off items are not included in the weighted-average annual income tax rate, but are recognised in the relevant period.  The impact of the reduction in the main rate of corporation tax to 24 per cent that passed into legislation on 26 March 2012 on the Group’s deferred tax asset was accounted for in the first half of 2012.

The Finance Act 2012 (the Act) was substantively enacted on 3 July 2012.  The Act further reduces the rate of corporation tax to 23 per cent with effect from 1 April 2013.  The Act also introduces a new regime for the taxation of life insurance companies which will take effect from 1 January 2013 which will result in the re-recognition of insurance deferred tax assets previously derecognised in 2011 and in the first half of 2012.  Both of these changes will be accounted for in the second half of 2012.
 
 
 


 
6.         Taxation (continued)

The proposed further reduction in the rate of corporation tax by 1 per cent to 22 per cent by 1 April 2014 is expected to be enacted next year.  The effect of this further change upon the Group’s deferred tax balances and leasing business cannot be reliably quantified at this stage.


7.
Loss per share

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
             
Basic
            
Loss attributable to equity shareholders
  
£(676)m 
  
£(2,305)m 
  
£(482)m 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue
  
69,348m 
  
68,220m 
  
68,716m 
Loss per share
  
(1.0)p 
  
(3.4)p 
  
(0.7)p 
             
Fully diluted
            
Loss attributable to equity shareholders
  
£(676)m 
  
£(2,305)m 
  
£(482)m 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue
  
69,348m 
  
68,220m 
  
68,716m 
Loss per share
  
(1.0)p 
  
(3.4)p 
  
(0.7)p 


8.         Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Trading assets
  
22,620 
  
18,056 
         
Other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:
        
Treasury and other bills
  
57 
  
– 
Loans and advances to customers
  
123 
  
124 
Debt securities
  
44,841 
  
45,593 
Equity shares
  
77,985 
  
75,737 
   
123,006 
  
121,454 
Total trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
  
145,626 
  
139,510 

Included in the above is £120,086 million (31 December 2011: £118,890 million) of assets relating to the insurance businesses.
 
 
 


 
9.         Derivative financial instruments

   
As at 30 June 2012
  
As at 31 December 2011
   
Fair value 
of assets 
Fair value 
of liabilities 
  
Fair value 
of assets 
  
Fair value 
of liabilities 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                 
Hedging
                
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges
  
7,395 
  
1,312 
  
7,428 
  
1,547 
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
  
5,881 
  
4,784 
  
5,422 
  
5,698 
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
1 
   
13,276 
  
6,096 
  
12,850 
  
7,246 
Trading and other
                
Exchange rate contracts
  
4,513 
  
4,165 
  
6,650 
  
5,423 
Interest rate contracts
  
37,160 
  
37,169 
  
43,086 
  
44,031 
Credit derivatives
  
184 
  
199 
  
238 
  
328 
Embedded equity conversion feature
  
1,020 
  
– 
  
1,172 
  
– 
Equity and other contracts
  
2,194 
  
2,524 
  
2,017 
  
1,184 
   
45,071 
  
44,057 
  
53,163 
  
50,966 
Total recognised derivative assets/liabilities
  
58,347 
  
50,153 
  
66,013 
  
58,212 

The Group reduces exposure to credit risk by using master netting agreements and by obtaining cash collateral.  Of the derivative assets of £58,347 million at 30 June 2012 (31 December 2011: £66,013 million), £42,589 million (31 December 2011: £46,618 million) are available for offset under master netting arrangements.  These do not meet the criteria under IAS 32 to enable derivative assets to be presented net of these balances.  Of the remaining derivative assets of £15,758 million (31 December 2011: £19,395 million), cash collateral of £4,115 million (31 December 2011: £5,269 million) was held and a further £3,061 million (31 December 2011: £7,875 million) was due from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) banks.

The embedded equity conversion feature of £1,020 million (31 December 2011: £1,172 million) reflects the value of the equity conversion feature contained in the Enhanced Capital Notes issued by the Group in 2009; the loss of £152 million arising from the change in fair value in the half-year to 30 June 2012 (half-year to 30 June 2011: loss of £236 million; half-year to 31 December 2011: gain of £231 million) is included within net trading income.
 
 
 

10.         Loans and advances to customers

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
  
5,415 
  
5,198 
Energy and water supply
  
3,258 
  
4,013 
Manufacturing
  
9,550 
  
10,061 
Construction
  
8,970 
  
9,722 
Transport, distribution and hotels
  
30,043 
  
32,882 
Postal and communications
  
1,799 
  
1,896 
Property companies
  
59,583 
  
64,752 
Financial, business and other services
  
49,870 
  
64,046 
Personal:
        
Mortgages
  
341,407 
  
348,210 
Other
  
29,719 
  
30,014 
Lease financing
  
7,155 
  
7,800 
Hire purchase
  
5,584 
  
5,776 
   
552,353 
  
584,370 
Allowance for impairment losses on loans and advances (note 11)
  
(17,908)
  
(18,732)
Total loans and advances to customers
  
534,445 
  
565,638 

Loans and advances to customers include advances securitised under the Group's securitisation and covered bond programmes.  Further details are given in note 12.


11.         Allowance for impairment losses on loans and receivables

   
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2012 
  
Half-year 
to 30 June 
2011 
  
Half-year 
to 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
             
Opening balance
  
19,022 
  
18,951 
  
19,557 
Exchange and other adjustments
  
(451)
  
693 
  
(1,060)
Advances written off
  
(3,202)
  
(4,555)
  
(3,279)
Recoveries of advances written off in previous years
  
310 
  
123 
  
306 
Unwinding of discount
  
(201)
  
(112)
  
(114)
Charge to the income statement (note 5)
  
2,681 
  
4,457 
  
3,612 
Balance at end of period
  
18,159 
  
19,557 
  
19,022 
             
In respect of:
            
Loans and advances to banks
  
3 
  
14 
  
14 
Loans and advances to customers (note 10)
  
17,908 
  
19,203 
  
18,732 
Debt securities (note 13)
  
248 
  
340 
  
276 
Balance at end of period
  
18,159 
  
19,557 
  
19,022 


 
 
 

12.         Securitisations and covered bonds

The Group's principal securitisation and covered bond programmes, together with the balances of the loans subject to these arrangements and the carrying value of the notes in issue, are listed in the table below.

 
As at 30 June 2012
  
As at 31 December 2011
 
Loans and 
advances 
securitised 
  
Notes in 
issue 
  
Loans and 
advances 
securitised 
  
Notes in 
issue 
Securitisation programmes1
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                 
UK residential mortgages
  
85,996 
  
62,270 
  
129,764 
  
94,080 
US residential mortgage-backed securities
204 
  
204 
  
398 
  
398 
Commercial loans
15,258 
  
12,995 
  
13,313 
  
11,342 
Irish residential mortgages
  
5,207 
  
3,562 
  
5,497 
  
5,661 
Credit card receivables
  
6,616 
  
5,283 
  
6,763 
  
4,810 
Dutch residential mortgages
  
4,702 
  
4,844 
  
4,933 
  
4,777 
Personal loans
  
4,276 
  
2,000 
  
– 
  
– 
PPP/PFI and project finance loans
  
719 
  
107 
  
767 
  
110 
Motor vehicle loans
  
3,019 
  
2,459 
  
3,124 
  
2,871 
   
125,997 
  
93,724 
  
164,559 
  
124,049 
Less held by the Group
      
(57,511)
      
(86,637)
Total securitisation programmes (note 17)
      
36,213 
      
37,412 
                 
Covered bond programmes
                
Residential mortgage-backed
91,411 
  
58,714 
  
91,023 
  
67,456 
Social housing loan-backed
3,302 
  
2,638 
  
3,363 
  
2,605 
 
94,713 
  
61,352 
  
94,386 
  
70,061 
Less held by the Group
    
(19,223)
      
(31,865)
Total covered bond programmes (note 17)
    
42,129 
      
38,196 
               
Total securitisation and covered bond programmes
    
78,342 
      
75,608 

1
Includes securitisations utilising a combination of external funding and credit default swaps.

Securitisation programmes
Loans and advances to customers and debt securities classified as loans and receivables include loans securitised under the Group's securitisation programmes, the majority of which have been sold by subsidiary companies to bankruptcy remote special purpose entities (SPEs).  As the SPEs are funded by the issue of debt on terms whereby the majority of the risks and rewards of the portfolio are retained by the subsidiary, the SPEs are consolidated fully and all of these loans are retained on the Group's balance sheet, with the related notes in issue included within debt securities in issue.  In addition to the SPEs detailed above, the Group sponsors three conduit programmes: Argento, Cancara and Grampian.

Covered bond programmes
Certain loans and advances to customers have been assigned to bankruptcy remote limited liability partnerships to provide security to issues of covered bonds by the Group.  The Group retains all of the risks and rewards associated with these loans and the partnerships are consolidated fully with the loans retained on the Group's balance sheet and the related covered bonds in issue included within debt securities in issue.

Cash deposits of £11,872 million (31 December 2011: £20,435 million) held by the Group are restricted in use to repayment of the debt securities issued by the SPEs, the term advances relating to covered bonds and other legal obligations.
 
 
 

13.         Debt securities classified as loans and receivables

Debt securities classified as loans and receivables comprise:
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Asset-backed securities:
        
Mortgage-backed securities
  
5,265 
  
7,179 
Other asset-backed securities
  
893 
  
5,030 
Corporate and other debt securities
  
519 
  
537 
   
6,677 
  
12,746 
Allowance for impairment losses (note 11)
  
(248)
  
(276)
Total
  
6,429 
  
12,470 


14.         Available-for-sale financial assets
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Asset-backed securities
  
1,838 
  
2,867 
Other debt securities:
        
Bank and building society certificates of deposit
  
303 
  
366 
Government securities
  
25,824 
  
25,236 
Other public sector securities
  
21 
  
27 
Corporate and other debt securities
  
2,176 
  
5,245 
   
28,324 
  
30,874 
Equity shares
  
1,678 
  
1,938 
Treasury and other bills
  
970 
  
1,727 
Total
  
32,810 
  
37,406 



 
 
 

15.         Credit market exposures

The Group’s credit market exposures primarily relate to asset-backed securities exposures held in the Wholesale division.  An analysis of the carrying value of these exposures, which are classified as loans and receivables, available-for-sale financial assets or trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss depending on the nature of the investment, is set out below.

 
Loans and 
receivables 
Available- 
for-sale 
  
Trading 
Net  exposure 
at 30 June 
2012 
  
Net  exposure 
at 31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m
  
£m 
  
£m 
                     
Mortgage-backed securities
                    
US residential
  
3,620 
  
– 
  
– 
  
3,620 
  
4,063 
Non-US residential
  
1,079 
  
851 
  
118 
  
2,048 
  
3,125 
Commercial
  
471 
  
312 
  
– 
  
783 
  
1,788 
   
5,170 
  
1,163 
  
118 
  
6,451 
  
8,976 
Collateralised debt obligations:
                    
Collateralised loan obligations
  
377 
  
62 
  
91 
  
530 
  
1,162 
Other
  
118 
  
– 
  
– 
  
118 
  
264 
   
495 
  
62 
  
91 
  
648 
  
1,426 
Federal family education loan programme student loans (FFELP)
  
117 
  
149 
  
– 
  
266 
  
3,526 
Personal sector
  
81 
  
203 
  
– 
  
284 
  
511 
Other asset-backed securities
  
201 
  
220 
  
61 
  
482 
  
656 
Total uncovered asset-backed securities
  
6,064 
  
1,797 
  
270 
  
8,131 
  
15,095 
Negative basis1
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
186 
Total Wholesale asset-backed securities
  
6,064 
  
1,797 
  
270 
  
8,131 
  
15,281 
                     
Direct
  
4,529 
  
837 
  
270 
  
5,636 
  
10,705 
Conduits
  
1,535 
  
960 
  
– 
  
2,495 
  
4,576 
Total Wholesale asset-backed securities
  
6,064 
  
1,797 
  
270 
  
8,131 
  
15,281 

1
Negative basis means bonds held with separate matching credit default swap protection.

Exposures to monolines
At 30 June 2012, the Group had no direct exposure to sub-investment grade monolines on credit default swap (CDS) contracts.  Its exposure to investment grade monolines through wrapped loans and receivables was £158 million (gross exposure: £243 million).

The exposure to monolines on wrapped loans and receivables and bonds is the internal assessment of amounts that will be recovered on interest and principal shortfalls.

In addition, the Group has £1,411 million (31 December 2011: £1,550 million) of monoline wrapped bonds and £148 million (31 December 2011: £274 million) of monoline wrapped liquidity commitments on which the Group currently places no reliance on the guarantor.
 
 
 

15.         Credit market exposures (continued)

Credit ratings
An analysis of external credit ratings as at 30 June 2012 of the Wholesale division’s asset-backed security portfolio by asset class is provided below.

Asset class
Net 
exposure 
  
AAA 
  
AA 
  
A 
  
BBB 
  
BB 
  
B 
  
Below 
B 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
Mortgage-backed securities
                              
US residential:
                                
Prime
  
705 
  
144 
  
366 
  
93 
  
77 
  
16 
  
9 
  
– 
Alt-A
  
2,915 
  
907 
  
773 
  
589 
  
487 
  
104 
  
54 
  
1 
Sub-prime
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
   
3,620 
  
1,051 
  
1,139 
  
682 
  
564 
  
120 
  
63 
  
1 
Non-US residential
  
2,048 
  
555 
  
768 
  
296 
  
247 
  
182 
  
– 
  
– 
Commercial
  
783 
  
23 
  
33 
  
547 
  
121 
  
38 
  
21 
  
– 
   
6,451 
  
1,629 
  
1,940 
  
1,525 
  
932 
  
340 
  
84 
  
1 
Collateralised debt obligations:
                              
Collateralised loan obligations
530 
  
105 
  
209 
  
130 
  
– 
  
42 
  
16 
  
28 
Other
118 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
118 
  
– 
  
– 
 
648 
  
105 
  
209 
  
130 
  
– 
  
160 
  
16 
  
28 
FFELP
266 
  
150 
  
96 
  
20 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
  
– 
Personal sector
284 
  
168 
  
115 
  
– 
  
– 
  
1 
  
– 
  
– 
Other asset-backed securities
482 
  
96 
  
49 
  
94 
  
104 
  
139 
  
– 
  
– 
Total as at 30 June 2012
  
8,131 
  
2,148 
  
2,409 
  
1,769 
  
1,036 
  
640 
  
100 
  
29 
                                 
Total as at 31 Dec 2011
  
15,281 
  
6,974 
  
3,643 
  
2,320 
  
1,529 
  
770 
  
16 
  
29 


16.         Customer deposits

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Sterling:
        
Non-interest bearing current accounts
  
27,924 
  
28,050 
Interest bearing current accounts
  
66,299 
  
66,808 
Savings and investment accounts
  
229,726 
  
222,776 
Other customer deposits
  
56,382 
  
52,975 
Total sterling
  
380,331 
  
370,609 
Currency
  
42,907 
  
43,297 
Total
  
423,238 
  
413,906 

Included above are liabilities of £4,093 million (31 December 2011: £7,996 million) in respect of securities sold under repurchase agreements.
 
 
 


17.         Debt securities in issue

 
As at 30 June 2012
  
As at 31 December 2011
 
At fair value 
through 
profit or 
loss 
At 
amortised 
cost 
  
Total 
At fair value 
through  profit or  loss 
  
At 
amortised 
cost 
  
Total 
   
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
                         
Medium-term notes issued
  
6,428 
  
46,944 
  
53,372 
  
5,339 
  
63,366 
  
68,705 
Covered bonds (note 12)
  
– 
  
42,129 
  
42,129 
  
– 
  
38,196 
  
38,196 
Certificates of deposit
  
– 
  
17,386 
  
17,386 
  
– 
  
27,994 
  
27,994 
Securitisation notes (note 12)
  
– 
  
36,213 
  
36,213 
  
– 
  
37,412 
  
37,412 
Commercial paper
  
– 
  
7,841 
  
7,841 
  
– 
  
18,091 
  
18,091 
   
6,428 
  
150,513 
  
156,941 
  
5,339 
  
185,059 
  
190,398 


18.         Subordinated liabilities

The Group’s subordinated liabilities are comprised as follows:
   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Preference shares
  
1,236 
  
1,216 
Preferred securities
  
4,553 
  
4,893 
Undated subordinated liabilities
  
1,949 
  
1,949 
Enhanced Capital Notes
  
9,001 
  
9,085 
Dated subordinated liabilities
  
18,013 
  
17,946 
Total subordinated liabilities
  
34,752 
  
35,089 


The movement in subordinated liabilities during the period was as follows:
   
£m 
     
At 1 January 2012
  
35,089 
New issues during the period
  
128 
Repurchases and redemptions during the period
  
(208)
Foreign exchange and other movements
  
(257)
At 30 June 2012
  
34,752 

During February 2012, the Group completed the exchange of certain subordinated debt securities issued by the HBOS group for new subordinated debt securities issued by Lloyds TSB Bank plc by undertaking an exchange offer on certain securities which were eligible for call during 2012.  This exchange resulted in a gain on the extinguishment of the existing securities of £59 million being the difference between the carrying amount of the securities extinguished and the fair value of the new securities issued together with related fees and costs.

From 31 January 2010, the Group was prohibited under the terms of an agreement with the European Commission from paying discretionary coupons and dividends on hybrid capital securities issued by the Company and certain of its subsidiaries.  This prohibition ended on 31 January 2012.  Future coupons and dividends on hybrid capital securities will be paid subject to, and in accordance with, the terms of those securities.
 
 
 


 
19.         Share capital

Movements in share capital during the period were as follows:
   
Number of  shares 
    
   
(million) 
  
£m 
         
Ordinary shares of 10p each
        
At 1 January 2012
  
68,727 
  
6,873 
Issued in the period (see below)
  
1,616 
  
161 
At 30 June 2012
  
70,343 
  
7,034 
         
Limited voting ordinary shares of 10p each
        
At 1 January and 30 June 2012
  
81 
  
8 
Total share capital
      
7,042 

Of the shares issued in the period, 479 million shares were issued in settlement of the coupons on certain hybrid capital securities; the remaining 1,137 million shares issued were in respect of employee share schemes.


20.         Reserves
       
Other reserves
    
   
Share 
premium 
    
Available- 
for-sale 
  
Cash flow 
hedging 
  
Merger 
and other 
    
Total 
  
Retained 
profits 
   
£m 
    
£m 
  
£m 
  
£m 
    
£m 
  
£m 
                             
At 1 January 2012
  
16,541 
    
1,326 
  
325 
  
12,167 
    
13,818 
  
8,680 
Issue of ordinary shares
  
331 
    
– 
  
– 
  
– 
    
– 
  
– 
Loss for the period
  
– 
    
– 
  
– 
  
– 
    
– 
  
(676)
Movement in treasury shares
  
– 
    
– 
  
– 
  
– 
    
– 
  
(273)
Value of employee
services:
                          
Share option schemes
  
– 
    
– 
  
– 
  
– 
    
– 
  
48 
Other employee award schemes
  
– 
    
– 
  
– 
  
– 
    
– 
  
146 
Change in fair value of available-for-sale assets (net of tax)
  
– 
    
562 
  
– 
  
– 
    
562 
  
– 
Change in fair value of hedging derivatives
(net of tax)
  
– 
    
– 
  
108 
  
– 
    
108 
  
– 
Transfers to income statement (net of tax)
  
– 
    
(545)
  
175 
  
– 
    
(370)
  
– 
Exchange and other
  
– 
    
– 
  
– 
  
(20)
    
(20)
  
– 
At 30 June 2012
  
16,872 
    
1,343 
  
608 
  
12,147 
    
14,098 
  
7,925 
                             



 
 
 


 
21.         Provisions for liabilities and charges

Payment protection insurance
There has been extensive scrutiny of the Payment Protection Insurance (PPI) market in recent years.  The FSA published its Policy Statement on 10 August 2010, setting out evidential provisions and guidance on the fair assessment of a complaint and the calculation of redress, as well as a requirement for firms to reassess historically rejected complaints which had to be implemented by 1 December 2010.

On 8 October 2010, the British Bankers’ Association (BBA), the principal trade association for the UK banking and financial services sector, filed an application for permission to seek judicial review against the FSA and the FOS.  The BBA sought an order quashing the FSA Policy Statement and an order quashing the decision of the FOS to determine PPI sales in accordance with the guidance published on its website in November 2008.  On 20 April 2011 judgment was handed down by the High Court dismissing the BBA’s application.  On 9 May 2011, the BBA confirmed that the banks and the BBA did not intend to appeal the judgment.

After publication of the judgment, the Group entered into discussions with the FSA with a view to seeking clarity around the detailed implementation of the Policy Statement.  As a result, and given the initial analysis that the Group conducted of compliance with applicable sales standards, which is continuing, the Group concluded that there are certain circumstances where customer contact and/or redress will be appropriate.  Accordingly the Group made a provision in its income statement for the year ended 31 December 2011 of £3,200 million in respect of the anticipated costs of such contact and/or redress, including administration expenses.  During 2012 there has been an increase in the volume of complaints being received, although other assumptions continue to be broadly in line with expectations.  As a result the Group has increased its provision by a further £1,075 million during the first half of 2012 (of which £375 million was reflected in the first quarter) to cover the anticipated redress in relation to these increased volumes.  This increases the total estimated cost of redress to £4,275 million; redress payments made and expenses incurred to the end of June 2012 amounted to £2,955 million.  However, there are still a number of uncertainties as to the eventual costs from any such contact and/or redress given the inherent difficulties of assessing the impact of the detailed implementation of the Policy Statement for all PPI complaints, uncertainties around the ultimate emergence period for complaints, the availability of supporting evidence and the activities of claims management companies, all of which will significantly affect complaints volumes, uphold rates and redress costs.

Litigation in relation to insurance branch business in Germany
Clerical Medical Investment Group Limited (CMIG) has received a number of claims in the German courts, relating to policies issued by CMIG but sold by independent intermediaries in Germany, principally during the late 1990s and early 2000s.  CMIG’s strategy has included defending claims robustly and appealing against adverse judgments.  In its accounts for the year ended 31 December 2011 the Group recognised a provision of £175 million with respect to this litigation.

On 11 July 2012 the Federal Court of Justice (FCJ), the highest civil court in Germany, considered five cases which had been appealed to it from regional Courts of Appeal.  In some of those cases CMIG was the appellant, having lost at the Court of Appeal level.  In some of those cases CMIG was the respondent, having been successful at the Court of Appeal level.

The FCJ decided to remand the five cases back to the respective Courts of Appeal, to enable further consideration of the facts in each case.  The FCJ’s detailed reasons for making these decisions will only be known once the FCJ’s formal judgments (which are likely to include more detailed guidance with respect to key issues) are delivered with respect to each of these cases.  On 25 July 2012 the FCJ handed down its judgment in one of these cases.  The implications are currently being considered.

At the same time as making its decisions with respect to these five cases the FCJ issued a press release, (the Press Release) which includes comments by the FCJ on a range of issues relating to the five cases under appeal and other aspects of the relevant policies sold by CMIG, some of which comments are adverse to the position of CMIG.  The FCJ’s Press Release, and the comments included within it, have no legal effect, but may be reflected, in whole or in part, in the FCJ’s guidance in due course.
 
 
 


21.         Provisions for liabilities and charges (continued)

The full impact of the FCJ’s decisions in these cases, and the implications with respect to other claims facing CMIG, cannot be assessed until after the FCJ’s more detailed guidance in each of these cases has been received and a consistent pattern has emerged with respect to the application of that guidance by the lower courts.  Having regard to comments made by FCJ in its Press Release, it is believed likely that the facts of individual cases will need to be considered on a case by case basis by lower courts in Germany (and, potentially, through one or more further appeals to the FCJ), and that the full implications of the FCJ’s decisions will thus only be capable of being assessed over time, once further clarity emerges from subsequent consideration of individual claims by lower courts and/or the FCJ.  Depending upon the extent to which comments made by the FCJ in its Press Release are reflected in the guidance issued by the FCJ in these cases, there is a greater risk that the ultimate outcome of this litigation could be more unfavourable than previously assessed.  However the financial effect, which could be significantly different to the provision, will only be known once there is further clarity with respect to a range of legal issues involved in these claims and/or all relevant claims have been resolved.

Interest rate hedging products
In June 2012, a number of banks, including Lloyds Banking Group, reached agreement with the FSA to carry out a thorough assessment of sales made since 1 December 2001 of interest rate hedging products to certain small and medium-sized businesses.  The Group has also agreed that on conclusion of this review it will provide redress to any of these customers where appropriate.  Not all customers will be owed redress, and the exact redress will vary from customer to customer.

The estimated cost of redress and related administration costs based upon the results of the work performed on the portfolio to date have been provided.  This work is not yet complete and the results are still subject to the FSA review process; consequently the ultimate cost to the Group may vary.  However, based on the analysis to date, the total cost is not expected to be material.
 
 
 


22.         Contingent liabilities and commitments

Interchange fees
On 24 May 2012, the EU General Court upheld the European Commission’s 2007 decision that an infringement of EU competition law had arisen from arrangements whereby MasterCard issuers charged a uniform fallback interchange fee (MIFs) in respect of cross border transactions in relation to the use of a MasterCard or Maestro branded payment card.

Following the judgment, MasterCard has announced its intention to appeal, and that it intends to continue to apply cross-border MIFs at the rate at which they were ‘settled’ prior to the judgment.  It is possible that the Commission may seek to reduce this.

In parallel:

(1)  
the European Commission is also considering introducing legislation to regulate interchange fees, following its 2012 Green Paper (Towards an integrated European market for cards, internet and mobile payments) consultation;

(2)  
the European Commission is pursuing an investigation with a view to deciding whether arrangements adopted by VISA for the levying of the MIF in respect of cross-border payment transactions also infringe European Union competition laws.  In this regard VISA reached an agreement (which expires in 2014) with the European Commission to reduce the level of interchange for cross-border debit card transactions to the interim levels agreed by MasterCard; and

(3)  
now that the General Court judgment has been handed down, the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) may decide to renew its ongoing examination of whether the levels of interchange paid by retailers in respect of MasterCard and VISA credit cards, debit cards and charge cards in the UK infringe competition law.  The OFT had placed the investigation on hold pending the outcome of the MasterCard appeal.

The ultimate impact of the investigations and any regulatory developments on Lloyds Banking Group can only be known at the conclusion of these investigations and any relevant appeal proceedings and once regulatory proposals are more certain.

Interbank offered rate setting investigations
Several government agencies in the UK, US and overseas, including the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the US SEC, the US Department of Justice and the FSA as well as the European Commission, are conducting investigations into submissions made by panel members to the bodies that set various interbank offered rates.  Certain members of the Group, were (at the relevant times) and remain members of various panels whose members make submissions to these bodies including the BBA London interbank offered rates (LIBOR) panels.  No member of the Group is or was a member of the European Banking Federation’s Euribor panel.  Certain members of the Group have received subpoenas and requests for information from certain government agencies and are co-operating with their investigations.  In addition certain members of the Group have been named as defendants in private lawsuits, including purported class action suits in the US with regard to the setting of LIBOR.  It is currently not possible to predict the scope and ultimate outcome of the various regulatory investigations or private lawsuits, including the timing and scale of the potential impact of any investigations and private lawsuits on the Group.

Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS)
The FSCS is the UK's independent statutory compensation fund for customers of authorised financial services firms and pays compensation if a firm is unable to pay claims against it.  The FSCS is funded by levies on the industry (and recoveries and borrowings where appropriate).  The levies raised comprise both management expenses levies and, where necessary, compensation levies on authorised firms.
 
 
 


 
22.         Contingent liabilities and commitments (continued)

Following the default of a number of deposit takers in 2008, the FSCS borrowed funds from HM Treasury to meet the compensation costs for customers of those firms.  The interest rate on the borrowings with HM Treasury, which total circa £20 billion, increased from 12 month LIBOR plus 30 basis points to 12 month LIBOR plus 100 basis points on 1 April 2012.  Whilst it is expected that the substantial majority of the principal will be repaid from funds the FSCS receives from asset sales, surplus cash flow or other recoveries in relation to the assets of the firms that defaulted, to the extent that there remains a shortfall, the FSCS will raise compensation levies on all deposit-taking participants.  The amount of any future compensation levies payable by the Group also depends on a number of factors including participation in the market at 31 December, the level of protected deposits and the population of deposit-taking participants.  As such, although the Group’s share of such compensation levies could be significant, the Group has not recognised a provision in respect of them in these financial statements.

FSA investigation into Bank of Scotland
In 2009, the FSA commenced a supervisory review into HBOS.  The supervisory review was superseded when the FSA commenced an enforcement investigation into Bank of Scotland plc in relation to its Corporate division between 2006 and 2008.  These proceedings have now concluded.  The FSA published its Final Notice on 9 March 2012.  No financial penalty was imposed on the Group or Bank of Scotland plc.  The FSA has indicated that it intends to produce a report into HBOS.  The scope and timing of such a report remain uncertain.

Shareholder complaints
The Group and two former members of the Group’s Board of Directors have been named as defendants in a purported securities class action pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.  The complaint, dated 23 November 2011, asserts claims under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in connection with alleged material omissions from statements made in 2008 in connection with the acquisition of HBOS.  No quantum is specified.  The Group has applied to dismiss the complaint.

In addition, a UK-based shareholder action group has threatened multi-claimant claims on a similar basis against the Group and two former directors in the UK.  No claim has yet been issued.

The Group considers that the claims are without merit and will defend them vigorously.  The claims have not been quantified and it is not possible to estimate any potential financial impact on the Group at this early stage.

Employee disputes
The Group is aware that a union representing a number of the Group’s employees and former employees is seeking to challenge the cap on pensionable pay introduced by the Group in 2011 on the grounds that it is unlawful.  This challenge is at a very early stage.  The Group will resist the challenge should it be pursued.

Other regulatory matters
In the course of its business, the Group is engaged in discussions with the FSA in relation to a range of conduct of business matters, including complaints handling, packaged bank accounts, savings accounts, product terms and conditions, interest only mortgages, sales processes and remuneration schemes.  The Group is keen to ensure that regulatory concerns are understood and addressed.  The ultimate impact on the Group of these discussions can only be known at the conclusion of such discussions.
 
 
 


 
22.         Contingent liabilities and commitments (continued)

Other legal actions and regulatory matters
In addition, during the ordinary course of business the Group is subject to other threatened and actual legal proceedings (which may include class action lawsuits brought on behalf of customers, shareholders or other third parties), regulatory investigations, regulatory challenges and enforcement actions, both in the UK and overseas.  All such material matters are periodically reassessed, with the assistance of external professional advisers where appropriate, to determine the likelihood of the Group incurring a liability.  In those instances where it is concluded that it is more likely than not that a payment will be made, a provision is established to management's best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation at the relevant balance sheet date.  In some cases it will not be possible to form a view, either because the facts are unclear or because further time is needed properly to assess the merits of the case and no provisions are held against such matters.  However the Group does not currently expect the final outcome of any such case to have a material adverse effect on its financial position.

Contingent liabilities and commitments arising from the banking business

   
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Contingent liabilities
        
Acceptances and endorsements
  
122 
  
81 
Other:
        
Other items serving as direct credit substitutes
  
609 
  
1,060 
Performance bonds and other transaction-related contingencies
  
2,425 
  
2,729 
   
3,034 
  
3,789 
Total contingent liabilities
  
3,156 
  
3,870 
         
Commitments
        
Documentary credits and other short-term trade-related transactions
  
8 
  
105 
Forward asset purchases and forward deposits placed
  
511 
  
596 
         
Undrawn formal standby facilities, credit lines and other commitments to lend:
        
Less than 1 year original maturity:
        
Mortgage offers made
  
8,236 
  
7,383 
Other commitments
  
55,218 
  
56,527 
   
63,454 
  
63,910 
1 year or over original maturity
  
39,915 
  
40,972 
Total commitments
  
103,888 
  
105,583 

Of the amounts shown above in respect of undrawn formal standby facilities, credit lines and other commitments to lend, £52,081 million (31 December 2011: £53,459 million) was irrevocable.
 
 
 

23.         Capital ratios
Capital resources
  
As at 
30 June 
2012 
  
As at 
31 Dec 
2011 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Core tier 1
        
Shareholders’ equity per balance sheet
  
45,937 
  
45,920 
Non-controlling interests per balance sheet
  
692 
  
674 
Regulatory adjustments to non-controlling interests
  
(595)
  
(577)
Regulatory adjustments:
        
Adjustment for own credit
  
19 
  
(136)
Defined benefit pension adjustment
  
(1,322)
  
(1,004)
Unrealised reserve on available-for-sale debt securities
  
(999)
  
(940)
Unrealised reserve on available-for-sale equity investments
  
(344)
  
(386)
Cash flow hedging reserve
  
(608)
  
(325)
Other items
  
(185)
  
(36)
   
42,595 
  
43,190 
Less: deductions from core tier 1
        
Goodwill
  
(2,016)
  
(2,016)
Intangible assets
  
(2,222)
  
(2,310)
50 per cent excess of expected losses over impairment
  
(755)
  
(720)
50 per cent of securitisation positions
  
(115)
  
(153)
Core tier 1 capital
  
37,487 
  
37,991 
         
Non-controlling preference shares1
  
1,596 
  
1,613 
Preferred securities1
  
4,192 
  
4,487 
Less: deductions from tier 1
        
50 per cent of material holdings
  
(79)
  
(94)
Total tier 1 capital
  
43,196 
  
43,997 
         
Tier 2
        
Undated subordinated debt
  
1,896 
  
1,859 
Dated subordinated debt
  
20,793 
  
21,229 
Unrealised gains on available-for-sale equity investments
  
344 
  
386 
Eligible provisions
  
1,193 
  
1,259 
Less: deductions from tier 2
        
50 per cent excess of expected losses over impairment
  
(755)
  
(720)
50 per cent of securitisation positions
  
(115)
  
(153)
50 per cent of material holdings
  
(79)
  
(94)
Total tier 2 capital
  
23,277 
  
23,766 
         
Supervisory deductions
        
Unconsolidated investments – life
  
(10,483)
  
(10,107)
                                              – general insurance and other
  
(921)
  
(2,660)
Total supervisory deductions
  
(11,404)
  
(12,767)
Total capital resources
  
55,069 
  
54,996 
         
Risk-weighted assets2
  
332,488 
  
352,341 
Core tier 1 capital ratio2
  
11.3% 
  
10.8% 
Tier 1 capital ratio2
  
13.0% 
  
12.5% 
Total capital ratio2
  
16.6% 
  
15.6% 

1
Covered by grandfathering provisions issued by the FSA.
2
Not within the scope of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP’s review opinion as set out on page 188.

 
 
 


 
23.         Capital ratios (continued)

Risk-weighted assets1
  
As at 
30 June 
2012 
As at 
31 Dec 
20112
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
Divisional analysis of risk-weighted assets:
        
Retail
  
100,202 
  
103,237 
Wholesale
  
143,179 
  
154,333 
Commercial
  
24,949 
  
25,434 
Wealth, Asset Finance and International
  
51,501 
  
56,711 
Group Operations and Central items
  
12,657 
  
12,626 
   
332,488 
  
352,341 
         
Risk type analysis of risk-weighted assets:
        
Foundation IRB
  
85,445 
  
90,450 
Retail IRB
  
95,755 
  
98,823 
Other IRB
  
15,956 
  
9,433 
IRB approach
  
197,156 
  
198,706 
Standardised approach
  
84,946 
  
103,525 
Credit risk
  
282,102 
  
302,231 
Operational risk
  
30,589 
  
30,589 
Market and counterparty risk
  
19,797 
  
19,521 
Total risk-weighted assets
  
332,488 
  
352,341 

1
Not within the scope of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP’s review opinion as set out on page 188.
2
Divisional analysis of risk-weighted assets as at 31 December 2011 has been restated to reflect the transfer of Asset Finance from Wholesale to form part of Wealth, Asset Finance and International (see page 157).

Risk-weighted assets reduced by £19,853 million to £332,488 million, a decrease of 6 per cent.  This reflects risk-weighted asset reductions across all divisions driven by a combination of balance sheet reductions of non-core assets, lower core lending balances and stronger management of risk.

Retail risk-weighted assets reduced by £3,035 million mainly due to lower lending volumes.

The reduction of Wholesale risk-weighted assets of £11,154 million primarily reflects further balance sheet reductions of non-core assets.

Risk-weighted assets within Wealth, Asset Finance and International have reduced by £5,210 million as a result of the run-down of non-core asset portfolios and foreign exchange movements.

During the first half of 2012 equity portfolios and investments previously measured on the standardised approach were transferred to the IRB approach (Other IRB).  We anticipate moving some other portfolios that are currently measured on the standardised approach over to an IRB methodology, albeit predominantly from 2013.
 
 
 


 
23.          Capital ratios (continued)

Core tier 1 capital
Core tier 1 capital has reduced due to the attributable loss for the period and increased pension scheme asset balances, partially offset by shares issued in the period.

The movements in core tier 1 and total capital in the period are shown below:

   
Core tier 1 
  
Total 
   
£m 
  
£m 
         
At 1 January 2012
  
37,991 
  
54,996 
Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders
  
(676)
  
(676)
Increase in regulatory post-retirement benefit adjustments
  
(318)
  
(318)
Movement in adjustment for own credit
  
155 
  
155 
Decrease in goodwill and intangible assets deductions
  
88 
  
88 
Increase in excess of expected losses over impairment allowances
  
(35)
  
(70)
Decrease in material holdings deduction
  
– 
  
30 
Decrease in eligible provisions
  
– 
  
(66)
Decrease in supervisory deductions from total capital
  
– 
  
1,363 
Decrease in tier 1 subordinated debt
  
– 
  
(312)
Decrease in dated subordinated debt
  
– 
  
(436)
Other movements
  
282 
  
315 
At 30 June 2012
  
37,487 
  
55,069 

Tier 2 capital
Tier 2 capital has decreased in the period by £489 million largely arising from a decrease in dated subordinated debt, principally due to amortisation and exchange movements.

Supervisory deductions
Supervisory deductions principally consist of investments in subsidiary undertakings that are not within the banking group for regulatory purposes.  These investments are primarily the Scottish Widows and Clerical Medical life and pensions businesses together with general insurance business.  Also included within deductions for other unconsolidated investments at 31 December 2011 are investments in non-financial entities that are held by the Group's private equity (including venture capital) businesses.  The main driver of the decrease in the period in supervisory deductions is the application of revised regulatory rules to these private equity investments, which are now risk-weighted rather than being deducted from total capital.
 
 
 

24.         Related party transactions

UK Government
In January 2009, the UK Government through HM Treasury became a related party of the Company following its subscription for ordinary shares issued under a placing and open offer.  As at 30 June 2012, HM Treasury held a 39.2 per cent (31 December 2011: 40.2 per cent) interest in the Company’s ordinary share capital and consequently HM Treasury remained a related party of the Company during the half-year to 30 June 2012.

From 1 January 2011, in accordance with IAS 24, UK Government-controlled entities became related parties of the Group.  The Group regards the Bank of England and entities controlled by the UK Government, including The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc, Northern Rock (Asset Management) plc and Bradford & Bingley plc, as related parties.

The Group has participated in a number of schemes operated by the UK Government and central banks and made available to eligible banks and building societies.

Credit guarantee scheme
HM Treasury launched the Credit Guarantee Scheme in October 2008.  The drawdown window for the Credit Guarantee Scheme closed for new issuance at the end of February 2010.  At 30 June 2012, the Group had £4.9 billion of debt in issue under the Credit Guarantee Scheme (31 December 2011: £23.5 billion).  During the half-year to 30 June 2012, fees of £51 million paid to HM Treasury in respect of guaranteed funding were included in the Group’s income statement (half-year to 30 June 2011: £160 million).

National Loan Guarantee Scheme
The Group is participating in the UK Government's National Loan Guarantee Scheme, which was launched on 20 March 2012.  Through the scheme, the Group expects to provide eligible UK businesses with discounted funding over the next two years, subject to continuation of the scheme and its financial benefits, and based on the Group’s existing lending criteria.  Eligible businesses who take up the funding will benefit from a 1 per cent discount on their funding rate for a certain period of time.

Business Growth Fund
In May 2011 the Group agreed, together with The Royal Bank of Scotland plc (and three other non-related parties), to commit up to £300 million of equity investment by subscribing for shares in the Business Growth Fund plc which is the company created to fulfil the role of the Business Growth Fund as set out in the British Bankers’ Association’s Business Taskforce Report of October 2010.  As at 30 June 2012, the Group had invested £37 million (31 December 2011: £20 million) in the Business Growth Fund and carried the investment at a fair value of £33 million (31 December 2011: £16 million).

Big Society Capital
In January 2012 the Group agreed, together with The Royal Bank of Scotland plc (and two other non-related parties), to commit up to £50 million each of equity investment into the Big Society Capital Fund.  The Fund, which was created as part of the Project Merlin arrangements, is a UK social investment fund.  The Fund was officially launched on 3 April 2012 and the Group had invested £8 million in the Fund by the end of June 2012.

Central bank facilities
In the ordinary course of business, the Group may from time to time access market-wide facilities provided by central banks.

Other government-related entities
There were no significant transactions with other UK Government-controlled entities (including UK Government-controlled banks) during the period that were not made in the ordinary course of business or that were unusual in their nature or conditions.

Other related party transactions
Other related party transactions for the half-year to 30 June 2012 are similar in nature to those for the year ended 31 December 2011.
 
 
 


25.
Events after the balance sheet date

EC mandated retail and commercial business divestment (Project Verde)
On 19 July 2012, the Group announced that it had agreed non-binding heads of terms with The Co-operative Group plc (Co-operative) for the EC mandated retail and commercial divestment known as Verde.

The transaction is expected to complete by the end of November 2013 and to result in the disposal of 632 branches, 4.8 million customers, including 3.1 million personal current account customers, and approximately £24 billion of assets.  The Co-operative will also acquire the TSB and Cheltenham & Gloucester (C&G) brands from the Group.

Under the heads of terms:
 
·  
the Group will receive initial consideration of £350 million;
 
·  
the initial consideration will be funded through the sale by Co-operative of perpetual subordinated debt, underwritten by the Group;
 
·  
the Group will receive additional consideration of up to £400 million (on a present value basis) based on the performance of the Co-operative’s combined banking business between completion and 2027;
 
·  
the Verde business is expected to have £1.5 billion of equity capital at completion if a standardised capital model is used.  This amount may be reduced by up to £300 million if the Verde business uses an Internal Ratings Based (IRB) model; and
 
·  
the Group intends to apply for an IRB approach to be adopted prior to completion.

The Group continues to work with the Co-operative to finalise a sale and purchase agreement and is having ongoing constructive discussions on the transaction with the relevant governmental and regulatory bodies.

The completion of the divestment is currently expected to be recognised in the Group’s 2013 financial statements.  The ultimate impact on the Group of this disposal can only be known once the sale and purchase agreement has been agreed and the transaction completed.  The divestment is not expected to have a material effect on the ongoing future profitability of the Group.
 
 
 


 
26.         Future accounting developments

The following pronouncements may have a significant effect on the Group’s financial statements but are not applicable for the year ending 31 December 2012 and have not been applied in preparing these financial statements.  Save as disclosed below, the full impact of these accounting changes is being assessed by the Group.

Pronouncement
Nature of change
IASB effective date
Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements – ‘Presentation of Items of Other Comprehensive Income’
Requires entities to group items presented in other comprehensive income on the basis of whether they are potentially reclassified to profit or loss subsequently.
Annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 2012.
  
Amendments to IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures – ‘Disclosures-Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities’ 1
Requires an entity to disclose information to enable users of its financial statements to evaluate the effect or potential effect of netting arrangements on the entity’s balance sheet.
Annual and interim periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013.
  
IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements1
Supersedes IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements and SIC-12 Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities and establishes principles for the preparation of consolidated financial statements when an entity controls one or more entities.
Annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013.
  
IFRS 12 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities1
Requires an entity to disclose information that enables users of financial statements to evaluate the nature of, and risks associated with, its interests in other entities and the effects of those interests on its financial position, financial performance and cash flows.
Annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013.
  
IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement1
Defines fair value, sets out a framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosures about fair value measurements.  It applies to IFRSs that require or permit fair value measurements or disclosures about fair value measurements.
Annual and interim periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013.
  
Amendments to IAS 19 Employee Benefits
Prescribes the accounting and disclosure by employers for employee benefits.  Actuarial gains and losses (remeasurements) in respect of defined benefit pension schemes can no longer be deferred using the corridor approach and must be recognised immediately in other comprehensive income.  At 31 December 2011, unrecognised actuarial losses were approximately £550 million.  The income statement charge for 2011 would have been approximately £200 million higher under the revised standard.
Annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013.
  
Amendments to IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation – ‘Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities’ 1
Inserts application guidance to address inconsistencies identified in applying the offsetting criteria used in the standard.  Some gross settlement systems may qualify for offsetting where they exhibit certain characteristics akin to net settlement.
Annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2014.
  
IFRS 9 Financial Instruments1,2
Replaces those parts of IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement relating to the classification, measurement and derecognition of financial assets and liabilities.  IFRS 9 requires financial assets to be classified into two measurement categories, fair value and amortised cost, on the basis of the objectives of the entity’s business model for managing its financial assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the instruments and eliminates the available-for-sale financial asset and held-to-maturity investment categories in IAS 39.  The requirements for financial liabilities and derecognition are broadly unchanged from IAS 39.
Annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2015.
  

1
As at 25 July 2012, these pronouncements are awaiting EU endorsement.
2
IFRS 9 is the initial stage of the project to replace IAS 39.  Future stages are expected to result in amendments to IFRS 9 to deal with changes to the impairment of financial assets measured at amortised cost and hedge accounting, as well as a reconsideration of classification and measurement.  Until all stages of the replacement project are complete, it is not possible to determine the overall impact on the financial statements of the replacement of IAS 39.

 
 
 


 
27.         Other information

The financial information in these condensed consolidated half-year financial statements does not constitute statutory accounts within the meaning of section 434 of the Companies Act 2006.  Statutory accounts for the year ended 31 December 2011 have been delivered to the Registrar of Companies.  The auditors’ report on those accounts was unqualified and did not include a statement under sections 498(2) (accounting records or returns inadequate or accounts not agreeing with records and returns) or 498(3) (failure to obtain necessary information and explanations) of the Companies Act 2006.
 
 
 


STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES

The directors listed below (being all the directors of Lloyds Banking Group plc) confirm that to the best of their knowledge these condensed consolidated half-year financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34, Interim Financial Reporting, as adopted by the European Union, and that the half-year management report herein includes a fair review of the information required by DTR 4.2.7R and DTR 4.2.8R, namely:

 
·  
an indication of important events that have occurred during the six months ended 30 June 2012 and their impact on the condensed consolidated half-year financial statements, and a description of the principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the financial year; and
 
 
·  
material related party transactions in the six months ended 30 June 2012 and any material changes in the related party transactions described in the last annual report.
 

Signed on behalf of the board by





António Horta-Osório
Group Chief Executive
25 July 2012

Lloyds Banking Group plc board of directors:

Executive directors:
António Horta-Osório (Group Chief Executive)
George Culmer (Group Finance Director)

Non-executive directors:
Sir Winfried Bischoff (Chairman)
David L Roberts (Deputy Chairman)
Lord Blackwell
Carolyn J Fairbairn
Anita Frew
T Timothy Ryan, Jr
Martin A Scicluna
Anthony Watson
Sara V Weller
 
 
 

INDEPENDENT REVIEW REPORT TO LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

Introduction
We have been engaged by the Company to review the condensed consolidated half-year financial statements in the half-year results for the six months ended 30 June 2012, which comprise the consolidated income statement, consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated balance sheet, consolidated statement of changes in equity, consolidated cash flow statement and related notes.  We have read the other information contained in the half-year results and considered whether it contains any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the information in the condensed consolidated half-year financial statements.

Directors’ responsibilities
The half-year results are the responsibility of, and have been approved by, the directors.  The directors are responsible for preparing the half-year results in accordance with the Disclosure and Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom’s Financial Services Authority.

As disclosed in note 1, the annual financial statements of the Group are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union.  The condensed consolidated half-year financial statements included in the half-year results have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34, Interim Financial Reporting, as adopted by the European Union.

Our responsibility
Our responsibility is to express to the Company a conclusion on the condensed consolidated half-year financial statements in the half-year results based on our review.  This report, including the conclusion, has been prepared for and only for the Company for the purpose of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules of the Financial Services Authority and for no other purpose.  We do not, in producing this report, accept or assume responsibility for any other purpose or to any other person to whom this report is shown or into whose hands it may come save where expressly agreed by our prior consent in writing.

Scope of review
We conducted our review in accordance with International Standard on Review Engagements (UK and Ireland) 2410, ‘Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity’ issued by the Auditing Practices Board for use in the United Kingdom.  A review of interim financial information consists of making enquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures.  A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland) and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit.  Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

Conclusion
Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the condensed consolidated half-year financial statements in the half-year results for the six months ended 30 June 2012 are not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34 as adopted by the European Union and the Disclosure and Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom’s Financial Services Authority.


PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chartered Accountants
London
25 July 2012

Notes:

a)  
The maintenance and integrity of the Lloyds Banking Group plc website is the responsibility of the Group directors; the work carried out by the auditors does not involve consideration of these matters and, accordingly, the auditors accept no responsibility for any changes that may have occurred to the financial statements since they were initially presented on the website.

b)  
Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

 
 
 










CONTACTS


For further information please contact:

INVESTORS AND ANALYSTS
Kate O'Neill
Managing Director, Investor Relations
020 7356 3520
kate.o'neill@ltsb-finance.co.uk

Charles King
Director of Investor Relations
020 7356 3537
charles.king@ltsb-finance.co.uk


CORPORATE AFFAIRS
Matthew Young
Group Corporate Affairs Director
020 7356 2231
matt.young@lloydsbanking.com

Ed Petter
Group Media Relations Director
020 8936 5655
ed.petter@lloydsbanking.com












Copies of this news release may be obtained from Investor Relations, Lloyds Banking Group plc, 25 Gresham Street, London EC2V 7HN.  The full news release can also be found on the Group’s website – www.lloydsbankinggroup.com.

Registered office: Lloyds Banking Group plc, The Mound, Edinburgh, EH1 1YZ
Registered in Scotland no. 95000
 
 
 

 

 
 
Signatures
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
                                                                                                                                                LLOYDS BANKING GROUP plc
                                                                                                                                                (Registrant)
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                 By: Kate O'Neill 
 
                                                                                                                                                 Name: Kate O'Neill
 
                                     Title: Managing Director
                                       Investor Relations
                                               
                                           
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                         
Date: 26 July 2012