Unassociated Document
 



UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q/A*

x
QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008
 


 
o
TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the transition period from __________ to __________.

Commission File Number: 000-50542

HYDROGEN ENGINE CENTER, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

NEVADA
82-0497807
(State or other jurisdiction
(IRS Employer
of incorporation)
Identification No.)
 
2502 East Poplar Street, Algona, Iowa 50511
(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (515) 295-3178

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes x No ¨ 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of "large accelerated filer” “accelerated filer" and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 
Large accelerated filer ¨ 
 
 Accelerated filer  ¨
 
 
Non-accelerated filer   ¨
 
Smaller reporting company x
 
 
State the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common equity, as of the latest practicable date:
 
Class
 
Outstanding at April 28, 2008
Series B Preferred
 
1,932,846
Common
 
27,590,164
 
*See explanatory note regarding amendment

 
EXPLANATORY NOTE REGARDING AMENDMENT
 
We are amending this Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2008 in response to an SEC comment letter dated July 9, 2008. We have reevaluated our line item “losses related to inventory” previously included in operating expenses. We have concluded that portions of these amounts were classified incorrectly and should be included in cost of goods sold for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 and the period from inception (May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008. The Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and accompanying notes for these periods have been revised to reflect this reclassification. We are also revising Item 6, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in light of the restatement.

Also in response to our SEC comment letter, we have concluded that a $1,889,063 beneficial conversion feature accretion was inappropriately recorded as an increase to the accumulated deficit in our Consolidated Balance Sheet rather than a decrease to Additional Paid-In Capital in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 98-5, “Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ratios” and Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 3 (C), “Senior Securities - Redeemable Preferred Stock.” The Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 have been revised to reflect this change.

We are also amending Exhibit 31 in this Form 10-Q to include the introductory language in paragraph 4 of the certification of internal controls as required by Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K that refers to the certifying officers’ responsibility for establishing and maintaining internal control over financial reporting for the company and to also include paragraph 4(b) which refers to the design of our internal control over financial reporting. Exhibit 31 has been revised to include the appropriate certification language.

Except as described above, no other changes were made to the Form 10-Q as previously filed.


 
FORM 10-Q


TABLE OF CONTENTS

.
   
Page
PART I
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
       
Item 1.
 
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
4
     
 
   
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2008 (unaudited)
and December 31, 2007
 
4
       
   
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months
Ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 and the period from inception
(May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008 (unaudited)
 
 
6
       
   
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months
Ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 and the period from inception
(May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008 (unaudited)
 
 
7
       
   
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
9
       
Item 2.
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
 
21
       
Item 4T.
 
Controls and Procedures
29
       
PART II.
 
OTHER INFORMATION
 
       
Item 1.
 
Legal Proceedings
30
       
Item 2.
 
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
30
       
Item 6.
 
Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
31
       
   
Notes About Forward-looking Statements
31
       
SIGNATURES
   
32
 

 
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
HYDROGEN ENGINE CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a corporation in the development stage)
 
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

           
   
March 31,
 
December 31,
 
ASSETS
 
2008
 
2007
 
   
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
   
(Restated)
 
(Restated)
 
           
Current Assets
         
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
161,578
 
$
713,289
 
Restricted cash
   
116,454
   
115,157
 
Accounts receivable
   
112,135
   
134,237
 
Inventories
   
1,578,085
   
1,655,359
 
Prepaid expenses
   
78,786
   
89,901
 
Total current assets
   
2,047,038
   
2,707,943
 
               
               
Property, Plant and Equipment
             
Building
   
2,271,209
   
2,271,209
 
Equipment
   
899,391
   
908,999
 
Land and improvements
   
472,504
   
472,504
 
     
3,643,104
   
3,652,712
 
Less accumulated depreciation
   
431,285
   
375,178
 
Net property and equipment
   
3,211,819
   
3,277,534
 
               
Total Assets
 
$
5,258,857
 
$
5,985,477
 


See accompanying notes
 
4

 
HYDROGEN ENGINE CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a corporation in the development stage)
 
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
               
   
March 31,
 
December 31,
 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
2008
 
2007
 
   
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
   
(Restated)
 
(Restated)
 
           
Current Liabilities
         
Notes payable, banks
 
$
580,046
 
$
594,677
 
Current portion long-term debt
   
43,337
   
30,350
 
Current installments of obligation under capital lease
   
46,637
   
45,247
 
Accounts payable
   
156,207
   
146,585
 
Accrued expenses
   
221,964
   
207,328
 
Accrued interest
   
141,220
   
129,965
 
Unearned grants
   
24,184
   
30,977
 
Total current liabilities
   
1,213,595
   
1,185,129
 
               
Long-term debt, net of current maturities
   
1,310,625
   
1,338,235
 
Obligation under capital lease, excluding current installments
   
68,761
   
80,955
 
     
1,379,386
   
1,419,190
 
Total liabilities
   
2,592,981
   
2,604,319
 
               
Commitments and Contingencies
             
               
Stockholders' Equity
             
Preferred stock - Series B, $0.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized,
             
1,932,846 shares issued and outstanding
   
1,933
   
1,933
 
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized,
             
27,590,164 shares issued and outstanding
   
27,590
   
27,590
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
16,009,012
   
15,860,725
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss - foreign currency
   
(7,938
)
 
(3,412
)
Deficit accumulated during the development stage
   
(13,364,721
)
 
(12,505,678
)
Total stockholders' equity
   
2,665,876
   
3,381,158
 
               
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
 
$
5,258,857
 
$
5,985,477
 
 
 
See accompanying notes
 
5

 
HYDROGEN ENGINE CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a corporation in the development stage)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)

                     
   
Three months ended
 
From Inception
 
   
March 31,
 
(May 19, 2003) to
 
      
2008
 
2007
 
March 31, 2008
 
   
(Unaudited)
 
(Unaudited)
 
(Unaudited)
 
   
(Restated)
 
(Restated)
 
(Restated)
 
               
Sales
 
$
161,685
 
$
238,290
 
$
1,224,388
 
                     
Cost of Goods Sold
                   
Material, labor, and overhead
   
150,367
   
202,664
   
1,072,151
 
Inventory markdown (recovery)
   
(11,904
)
 
-
   
950,119
 
     
138,463
   
202,664
   
2,022,270
 
                     
Gross Profit (Loss)
   
23,222
   
35,626
   
(797,882
)
                     
Operating Expenses
                   
Sales and marketing
   
84,065
   
88,514
   
1,285,101
 
General and administrative
   
570,904
   
823,422
   
7,042,312
 
Research and development
   
191,266
   
407,357
   
3,441,769
 
Vendor settlement
   
-
   
448,011
   
577,500
 
                     
     
846,235
   
1,767,304
   
12,346,682
 
                     
Operating Loss
   
(823,013
)
 
(1,731,678
)
 
(13,144,564
)
                     
Other Income (Expense)
                   
Interest income
   
4,429
   
11,501
   
168,481
 
Interest expense
   
(40,459
)
 
(41,637
)
 
(381,904
)
Loss on sale of asset
   
-
   
-
   
(6,734
)
     
(36,030
)
 
(30,136
)
 
(220,157
)
                     
Net Loss
 
$
(859,043
)
$
(1,761,814
)
$
(13,364,721
)
                     
Series A Preferred stock beneficial conversion
                   
feature accreted as a dividend
 
$
-
 
$
(1,889,063
)
$
(1,889,063
)
                     
Net Loss Attributable To Common Stockholders
 
$
(859,043
)
$
(3,650,877
)
$
(15,253,784
)
                     
Weighted -average shares outstanding
   
27,498,164
   
25,472,024
       
                     
Basic and diuluted net loss per share
   
(0.03
)
 
(0.14
)
     

 
See accompanying notes
 
6

 
HYDROGEN ENGINE CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a corporation in the development stage)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)

                       
   
Three Months Ended
 
From Inception
 
 
 
March 31,
 
(May 19, 2003) to
 
 
 
2008
 
2007
 
March 31, 2008
 
   
(Unaudited)
 
(Unaudited)
 
(Unaudited)
 
               
Operating Activities
             
Net loss
 
$
(859,043
)
$
(1,761,814
)
$
(13,364,721
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operations:
                   
Depreciation
   
65,715
   
57,213
   
492,558
 
Compensation to directors and employees of stock options and restricted stock
   
138,005
   
136,089
   
1,512,424
 
Compensation to consultants of stock options
   
10,282
   
2,462
   
197,092
 
Warrants issued in vendor settlement
   
-
   
-
   
577,500
 
Loss on sale of assets
   
-
   
-
   
6,734
 
Change in assets and liabilities:
                   
Accounts receivable
   
22,102
   
(85,175
)
 
(112,135
)
Inventories
   
77,274
   
(362,217
)
 
(1,557,020
)
Prepaid expenses
   
11,115
   
(97,240
)
 
(100,243
)
Accounts payable
   
9,622
   
138,135
   
240,063
 
Accrued expenses
   
14,636
   
677,953
   
268,202
 
Accrued interest
   
11,255
   
-
   
141,220
 
Unearned grants
   
(6,793
)
 
(8,484
)
 
24,184
 
Net cash used in operating activities
   
(505,830
)
 
(1,303,078
)
 
(11,674,142
)
                     
Investing Activities
                   
Withdrawal/(Deposit) of restricted cash
   
(1,297
)
 
(3,848
)
 
(116,454
)
Proceeds from sale of assets
   
-
   
-
   
36,500
 
(Purchases)/Impairment of property, plant, and equipment
   
-
   
(39,277
)
 
(3,012,679
)
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(1,297
)
 
(43,125
)
 
(3,092,633
)
                     
Financing Activities
                   
Proceeds from note payable, bank
   
-
   
250,000
   
1,839,420
 
Payments on note payable, bank
   
(14,630
)
 
(2,283
)
 
(927,774
)
Proceeds from long-term debt
   
-
   
-
   
1,172,052
 
Payments on long-term debt
   
(25,428
)
 
(11,473
)
 
(169,323
)
Proceeds from exercise of stock option
   
-
   
-
   
8,000
 
Issuance of preferred stock (Series A) in private placement, net of expenses
   
-
   
-
   
2,779,813
 
Issuance of preferred stock (Series B) in private placement, net of expenses
   
-
   
279,000
   
3,595,095
 
Issuance of common stock in private placements, net of expenses
   
-
   
-
   
6,639,008
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
   
(40,058
)
 
515,244
   
14,936,291
 
                     
Effect of Exchange Rates on Cash and Cash Equivalents
   
(4,526
)
 
(1,184
)
 
(7,938
)
                     
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
   
(551,711
)
 
(832,143
)
 
161,578
 
                     
Cash and Cash Equivalents – Beginning of Period
   
713,289
   
1,149,207
   
-
 
                     
Cash and Cash Equivalents – End of Period
 
$
161,578
 
$
317,064
 
$
161,578
 

 
-Continued-
 

See accompanying notes
 
7


HYDROGEN ENGINE CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a corporation in the development stage)

Condensend Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)

-Continued-
 
               
   
Three months ended
 
From Inception
 
 
 
March 31,
 
(May 19, 2003) to
 
 
 
2008
 
2007
 
March 31, 2008
 
   
(Unaudited)
 
(Unaudited)
 
(Unaudited)
 
               
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
             
               
Interest paid
 
$
29,111
 
$
13,913
 
$
240,401
 
                     
Supplemental Disclosures of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
                   
                     
Additional paid-in capital contribution for expenses paid by founder
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
103,636
 
 
                   
Issuance of common stock for equipment
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
47,851
 
 
                   
Issuance of common stock for conversion of debt
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
557,051
 
 
                   
Acquistion of property, plant, and equipment through financing
 
$
-
 
$
111,450
 
$
692,081
 
 
                   
Payables for construction in progress
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
232,208
 
                     
Receivable for state loan
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
100,000
 
 
                   
Series A Preferred stock beneficial conversion feature accreted as a dividend
 
$
-
 
$
1,889,063
 
$
1,889,063
 

 
See accompanying notes
 
8

 
HYDROGEN ENGINE CENTER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a corporation in the development stage)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
March 31, 2008


1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Overview of Companies

Hydrogen Engine Center, Inc. is a Nevada corporation with operations at, Hydrogen Engine Center, Inc., an Iowa corporation (“HEC Iowa”), and Hydrogen Engine Center (HEC) Canada Inc. (“HEC Canada”).

HEC Iowa was incorporated on May 19, 2003 (“inception date”) for the purpose of commercializing environmentally friendly internal combustion systems for industrial engines and generator sets. HEC Iowa’s operations are located in Algona, Iowa.

HEC Canada was incorporated as a Canadian corporation on August 25, 2005, for the purpose of establishing a research and development center to assist in the development of alternative fuel and hydrogen engines and generator sets. HEC Canada is located in Quebec, and works with Universite Du Quebec at Trois-Rivieres.

Description of Business - A Corporation in the Development Stage

We develop systems and processes used in the design, manufacture and distribution of alternative fuel internal combustion engines, engine controls and generator systems. These technologies are for use by customers and partners in the industrial and power generation markets. We have filed and continue to file patents around these next generation systems and processes. These solutions and the engines using them are designed to run on alternative fuels including but not limited to hydrogen, ammonia, ethanol, natural gas, propane and gasoline. Our engines and engine products are sold under the brand name Oxx Power®.

Through March 31, 2008, we remain in the development stage. Development stage is characterized by minimal revenues, with efforts focused on fund raising and prioritization of expenditures for the design and development of our products, manufacturing processes, intellectual property and strategic sales and marketing.

Interim Financial Statements

The unaudited interim financial information included in this report reflects normal recurring adjustments that management believes are necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations, financial position, and cash flows for the periods presented. This interim information should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and accompanying notes contained in the company’s Form 10-KSB filed April 15, 2008.

The results of operations for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for other interim periods or the full year.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, HEC Iowa and HEC Canada. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
9

 
Liquidity and Going Concern

Our financial statements have been prepared on the basis of accounting principles applicable to a going concern. As a result, they do not include adjustments that would be necessary if we were unable to continue as a going concern and would therefore, be obligated to realize assets and discharge its liabilities other than in the normal course of operations.
 
Since inception, we have invested in the resources and technology we believe necessary to deliver carbon free energy technology. As such, we have incurred substantial operating losses. We expect to incur operating losses in 2008. We have financed all development, sales and operations since inception through equity and debt financings. We continue to take steps to lower our monthly cash expenditures. On April 11, 2008, we entered into an agreement to sell up to a maximum of $4,000,000 in equity securities over twenty-four months to a hedge fund. The agreement requires that we register stock prior to receiving any funds. The registration process with the Securities and Exchange Commission could take 60 to 90 days or longer. With our existing capital, projected sales revenue, and secured financing, we anticipate that we can fund our operations through July, 2008, without additional capital. As of May 13, 2008, we have approximately $192,303 in cash, $79,195 in trade receivables and $139,833 in trade payables. We have sales orders of approximately $253,757 (approximately $140,000 of which are scheduled to be delivered in May 2008) and an expected tax refund of approximately $30,000. In addition, we have available funds from a line of credit from a bank in the amount of $165,000. As our funding efforts continue, we plan to stage our growth by expanding our sales and marketing programs, and by proceeding with technology development, patent filings and essential engine certification. While interest in the alternative energy sector is strong, we are prepared to further curtail spending if needed. These timeframes may vary if events occur which negatively or positively affect our operations.

Our continuing operations are dependent upon obtaining financing. There can be no assurance that we will successfully complete the required stock registration or be able to draw funds in a timely manner. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the ability to continue as a going concern.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Due to the short-term nature of cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, we believe that the carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet approximate their fair values at the balance sheet date. The fair value of long-term debt is estimated based on anticipated interest rates, which management believes would currently be available for similar issues of debt, taking into account our current credit risk and other market factors, which approximate fair value.

Inventories

Inventories consist mainly of parts, work-in-process and finished goods that are stated at the lower of cost (determined by the first-in, first out method) or market value (Note 4). We follow the provisions of SFAS 151, “Inventory Costs” that amends the guidance in Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, Chapter 4, “Inventory Pricing” (ARB No. 43). Under this guidance, we allocate fixed production overhead to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities, any expense incurred as a result of idle facility expense, freight and handling costs are expensed as period costs. For the three months ended March 31, 2008 we allocated approximately $4,000 of overhead to inventory and approximately $49,500 of overhead to inventory from inception (May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008. For the three months ended March 31, 2007 we allocated approximately $5,000 of overhead to inventory. The balance of fixed production overhead is recorded in general and administrative costs.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue from the sale of our products is recognized at the time title and risk of ownership transfer to customers. This occurs upon shipment to the customer or when the customer picks up the goods.

Business Agreements

Income is also derived through business agreements for the development and/or commercialization of products based upon our proprietary technology. Some of the business agreements have stipulated performance milestones and deliverables where others require “best efforts” with no performance criteria. The business agreements require that payments be made to us as certain milestones are reached prior to delivery of the product to the customer. Accordingly, income related to business agreements are recorded as a reduction in research and development expense, when title and risk of ownership transfers to the customer. Expenses we incur are recorded as research and development costs. During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we did not record a reduction in research and development expense resulting from business agreements. From inception (May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008, we recorded $273,913, as a reduction in research and development expense.
 
10

 
General and Administrative Costs

General and administrative costs include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation, and other costs associated with general and administrative costs including administrative personnel, professional fees, consulting fees and office expense. We allocate overhead and direct production expense to products manufactured. However, because we have not reached our production capacity, excess manufacturing costs are expensed as incurred as general and administrative costs. Expenses related to pre-production include salaries for production personnel, purchasing costs and the costs associated with production ramp up. Total pre-production costs included in general and administrative expenses for the three months ending March 31, 2008 totaled $121,484. For the period from inception (May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008 pre-production expense was $1,464,918.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation, and other costs associated with product development and are expensed as they are incurred. Accordingly, our investments in technology and patents are recorded at zero in our financial statements, regardless of their value.

Stock-Based Compensation

Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”). As prescribed in SFAS 123R, we have elected to use the modified prospective transition method, and accordingly, prior periods have not been restated to reflect the impact of SFAS 123R. Under this method, we are required to recognize stock-based compensation for all new and unvested stock-based awards that are ultimately expected to vest as the requisite service is rendered, beginning January 1, 2006. We record stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite period, which is generally a four-to five-year vesting period. Historically, we applied the intrinsic method as provided in Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25 (“APB No. 25”), “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations and accordingly, no compensation cost had been recognized for stock options issued to employees in years prior to 2006.

In March 2005, SAB 107 provided supplemental implementation guidance for SFAS 123R. We applied the provisions of SAB 107 in our adoption of SFAS 123R. As a result of adopting the fair value method for stock compensation, all stock options and restricted stock awards are expensed over the award vesting period. These awards are expensed under the same approach using the fair value measurements which were used in calculating pro forma stock-based compensation expense under SFAS 123. 

SFAS 123R requires the use of a valuation model (Note 9), to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards. We have elected to utilize the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of options.

Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, we accounted for stock-based awards to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method in accordance with APB No. 25 as allowed under SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”). As permitted by SFAS 123, we chose to follow APB No. 25 and related interpretations for its employee stock-based compensation. Under APB No. 25, no compensation expense was recognized at the time of option grant if the exercise price of the employee stock option is fixed and equals or exceeds the fair value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant and the number of shares to be issued pursuant to the exercise of such option are known and fixed at the date of grant. We use the fair value of common stock at the close of business on the date the option is approved by our Board of Directors.

We account for options issued to non-employees (other than directors) under SFAS 123R and EITF No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods, or Services.” Therefore, the fair value of options issued to non-employees, as calculated, using the Black Scholes Option pricing formula (Note 9), is recorded as an expense over the vesting terms. Options issued to non-employees and employees are issued using the same methodology and assumptions.
 
11

 
The following table illustrates the effect on net loss as if we had applied, prior to January 1, 2006, the fair value recognition provisions for stock-based employee compensation of SFAS 123, as amended by SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation -- Transition and Disclosure.”

   
Period from Inception
 
   
(May 19, 2003) to
 
   
March 31, 2008
 
       
Net loss attributable to common shareholders, as reported
 
$
(15,253,784
)
         
Add: options and restricted stock-based employee compensation
     
expense included in reported net loss attributable to common shareholders
   
1,512,424
 
Deduct: options and restricted stock-based employee compensation
       
expense determined under fair value based method
   
(1,698,226
)
         
Pro forma net loss attributable to common shareholders
 
$
(15,439,586
)

Total employee non-cash stock compensation expense, net of forfeitures, for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was $138,005.

For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options granted is amortized to expense over the option vesting periods as services are performed (Note 9).

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Our actual results could differ from our estimates.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2008, the FASB issued Financial Staff Positions (“FSP”) FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (“FSP FAS 157-2”), which delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurement (“SFAS 157”), for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). SFAS 157 establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. FSP FAS 157-2 partially defers the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years for items within the scope of this FSP. FSP FAS 157-2 is effective for us beginning January 1, 2009. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of those provisions of SFAS 157, for which effectiveness was delayed by FSP SFAS 157-2, on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
 
Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2007 have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on net loss as previously reported.

2. RESTATEMENT OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Correction of error related to presentation of inventory write-downs and establishment of inventory valuation account.

During 2006, 2007, and 2008 we recorded inventory write-downs, net of recoveries and inventory write-offs as operating expense. Per EITF 96-9 and note 13 of SAB 100, inventory markdowns should be classified in the income statement as a component of cost of goods sold.
 
We have evaluated the financial statement impact in each of the previously filed reporting periods effected, and concluded that the changes are quantitatively material to its previously filed financial statements. The amounts previously recorded in each of the two periods ended March 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008 and the period from inception to March 31, 2008 have been adjusted for this reclassification. There were no inventory write-downs or write-offs during the three months ended March 31, 2006 and March 31, 2007.
 
12

 
The effect of the correction of this error on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 is summarized as follows:

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations

   
March 31, 2008
As Previously Reported
 
Adjustments
  
March 31, 2008
As Restated
 
Sales
 
$
161,685
 
$
-
 
$
161,685
 
                     
Cost of Goods Sold
                   
Material, labor, and overhead
   
150,367
   
-
   
150,367
 
Inventory markdowns (recoveries)
   
-
   
(11,904
)
 
(11,904
)
 
   
150,367
   
(11,904
)
 
138,463
 
                     
Gross Profit (Loss)
   
11,318
   
11,904
   
23,222
 
                     
Losses (recovery) related to inventory
   
(11,904
)
 
11,904
   
-
 
Vendor settlement
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Total Operating Expenses
   
834,331
   
11,904
   
846,235
 
                     
Operating Loss
   
(823,013
)
 
-
   
(823,013
)
                     
Net Loss
 
$
(859,043
)
$
-
 
$
(859,043
)

The effect of the correction of this error on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2007 is summarized as follows:

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations

   
March 31, 2007
As Previously Reported
  
Adjustments
 
March 31, 2007
As Restated
 
Sales
 
$
238,290
 
$
-
 
$
238,290
 
                     
Cost of Goods Sold
                   
Material, labor, and overhead
   
202,664
   
-
   
202,664
 
Inventory markdowns (recoveries)
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
 
   
202,664
   
-
   
202,664
 
                     
Gross Profit (Loss)
   
35,626
   
-
   
35,626
 
                     
Losses (recovery) related to inventory
   
448,011
   
(448,011
)
 
-
 
Vendor settlement
   
-
   
448,011
   
448,011
 
Total Operating Expenses
   
1,767,304
   
-
   
1,767,304
 
                     
Operating Loss
   
(1,731,678
)
 
-
   
(1,731,678
)
                     
Net Loss
 
$
(1,761,814
)
$
-
 
$
(1,761,814
)
 
13


The effect of the correction of this error on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the period from inception to March 31, 2008 is summarized as follows:

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations

   
Inception to
March 31, 2008
As Previously Reported
 
Adjustments
 
Inception to
March 31, 2008
As Restated
 
Sales
 
$
1,224,388
 
$
-
 
$
1,224,388
 
                     
Cost of Goods Sold
                   
Material, labor, and overhead
   
1,072,151
   
-
   
1,072,151
 
Inventory markdowns (recoveries)
   
-
   
950,119
   
950,119
 
 
   
1,072,151
   
950,119
   
2,022,270
 
                     
Gross Profit (Loss)
   
152,237
   
(950,119
)
 
(797,882
)
                     
Losses (recovery) related to inventory
   
1,527,619
   
(1,539,523
)
 
-
 
Vendor settlement
   
-
   
577,500
   
577,500
 
Total Operating Expenses
   
13,296,801
   
(950,119
)
 
12,346,682
 
                     
Operating Loss
   
(13,144,564
)
 
-
   
(13,144,564
)
                     
Net Loss
 
$
(13,364,721
)
$
-
 
$
(13,364,721
)

Correction of error related to presentation of the beneficial conversion feature accretion for Series A Preferred Stock

The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock issued in 2006 had certain anti-dilution rights. As a result of these anti-dilution rights and the sale of the Series B Preferred Stock on March 27, 2007, the conversion price of the Series A Preferred Stock was reduced from $3.25 per share to $2.00 per share. We concluded that this reduced conversion price resulted in a noncash, quasi dividend totaling $1,889,063. Our previously filed financial statements reflected this quasi dividend as an increase to accumulated deficit in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2008. Per EITF 98-5 and SAB Topic 3, when there is an accumulated deficit rather than retained earnings, the quasi dividend should be recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.

The effect of the correction of this error on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet for the period ended March 31, 2008 is summarized as follows:

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
 
   
March 31, 2008
As Previously Reported
 
Adjustments
 
March 31, 2008
As Restated
 
Additional paid-in capital
 
$
17,898,075
 
$
(1,889,063
)
$
16,009,012
 
Deficit accumulated during the development stage
   
(15,253,784
)
 
1,889,063
   
(13,364,721
)
Total Stockholders’ Equity
 
$
2,665,876
 
$
-
 
$
2,665,876
 

14

 
The effect of the correction of this error on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet for the period ended December 31, 2007 is summarized as follows:

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
 
   
December 31, 2007
As Previously Reported
 
Adjustments
 
December 31, 2007
As Restated
 
Additional paid-in capital
 
$
17,749,788
 
$
(1,889,063
)
$
15,860,725
 
Deficit accumulated during the development stage
   
(14,394,741
)
 
1,889,063
   
(12,505,678
)
Total Stockholders’ Equity
 
$
3,381,158
 
$
-
 
$
3,381,158
 

3. FAIR VALUE INSTRUMENTS

Effective January 1, 2008, we adopted SFAS 157, except as it applies to the nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities subject to FSP SFAS 157-2. SFAS 157 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, SFAS 157 establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:

Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
 
Level 2 - Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.
 
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
 
The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
 
When determining the fair value measurements for assets or liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at and/or marked to fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. When possible, we look to active and observable markets to price identical assets. When identical assets are not traded in active markets, we look to market observable data for similar assets. Nevertheless, certain assets are not actively traded in observable markets and we must use alternative valuation techniques to derive a fair value measurement.
 
The following table provides information on those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

   
Carrying Amount
         
   
In Consolidated
                 
   
Balance Sheet
 
Fair Value
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
   
March 31, 2008
 
March 31, 2008
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
                       
Money Market Funds
 
$
61,656
 
$
61,656
 
$
61,656
 
$
-
 
$
-
 

Effective January 1, 2008, we also adopted SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115, which allows an entity to choose to measure certain financial instruments and liabilities at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis. Subsequent fair value measurement for the financial instruments and liabilities an entity chooses to measure will be recognized in earnings. As of March 31, 2008, we did not elect such option for our financial instruments and liabilities.

15

 
4. INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined by the first-in, first-out method:

   
March 31, 2008
 
December 31, 2007
 
   
(unaudited)
     
Component parts
 
$
1,216,738
 
$
1,266,612
 
Work in process
   
36,444
   
10,407
 
Finished goods
   
324,903
   
378,340
 
Totals
 
$
1,578,085
 
$
1,655,359
 

5. NOTES PAYABLE, BANK

At March 31, 2008, we had a letter of credit with a bank in the amount of $108,000. The letter of credit bears interest equal to the bank’s prime rate and had a balance of $0 at March 31, 2007. The letter of credit is secured by a certificate of deposit in the amount of $116,454. On April 15, 2008, the line of credit was dissolved and the restriction on the certificate of deposit was lifted.

On March 24, 2008, we obtained a line of credit from a bank for $250,000. The line of credit expires August 1, 2008 and is secured by real estate and a business security agreement. The line of credit carries a variable interest rate equal to 1.5% above the Wall Street Journal U.S. Prime Rate. At March 31, 2008 the balance on the line of credit was $0 and carried an interest rate of 6.75%. As of May 13, 2008 we had drawn $85,000 from this line of credit for operating expenses.

6. LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt consists of the following:

   
March 31,
2008
 
December 31, 2007
 
   
(unaudited)
     
Note payable to City of Algona. See (a)
 
$
155,000
 
$
160,000
 
               
Note payable to Algona Area Economic Development Corporation. See (b)
   
146,124
   
146,124
 
               
Note payable to Algona Area Economic Development Corporation. See (c)
   
60,881
   
64,827
 
               
Notes payable to Iowa Department of Economic Development. See (d)
   
400,000
   
400,000
 
               
Note payable to finance company. See (e)
   
-
   
6,388
 
               
Note payable to bank. See (f)
   
591,956
   
594,246
 
               
     
1,353,962
   
1,368,585
 
               
Less amounts due within one year
   
43,337
   
30,350
 
               
Totals
 
$
1,310,625
 
$
1,338,235
 

Future maturities of long-term debt at March 31, 2008 are as follows:

2009
 
$
591,011
 
2010
   
169,562
 
2011
   
200,330
 
2012
   
148,800
 
Thereafter
   
200,922
 
Total long-term debt
 
$
1,310,625
 
 
16

 
(a) In September 2005, we obtained $200,000 from the City of Algona. The note requires quarterly payments of $5,000 starting January 1, 2006, with the final payment due October 1, 2015. There is no interest on this loan provided we create and retain at least 42 new full-time positions for five years. If such requirements are not met, interest on the loan will be payable at 10% per annum. At this time the requirements have not been met. Therefore, as of March 31, 2008, we have accrued interest on the note in the amount of $45,974. The loan is collateralized by real estate.

(b) On June 27, 2005, we executed a note payable of $146,124 from the Algona Area Economic Development Corporation in exchange for land received to be used for the construction of a new facility. The loan is a ten-year partially forgivable loan with interest at 8%, conditioned upon us achieving performance targets as follows:

 
·
$67,650 of principal and interest will be forgiven if we certify that we have created 50 new full-time equivalent jobs by June 1, 2010, and continuously retained those jobs in Algona, Iowa until June 1, 2015.
 
·
$67,650 of principal and interest will be forgiven if we certify that we have created and continuously retained 50 additional new full-time equivalent jobs by June 1, 2015.
 
·
Balance of $10,824 due on June 1, 2015, without interest if paid by that date.
 
·
Payment of a wage for the retained jobs that is equal to or greater than the average hourly wage for workers in Kossuth County, Iowa, as determined annually by Iowa Workforce Development.

At this time the requirements have not been met. Therefore, as of March 31, 2008, we have accrued interest in the amount of $32,283. The loan is secured by the real estate.
 
(c) On December 16, 2005, we assumed a no-interest note provided by the Algona Area Economic Development Corporation in the amount of $117,500 in conjunction with the purchase of land and building. This note was recorded at the fair value of future payments using an interest rate of 10% which amounted to $70,401, resulting in a total purchase price of the land and building of $332,901. This note is subordinate to a short-term note held by a bank. The note requires quarterly payments of $2,500 starting January 1, 2006, with the final payment due July 1, 2017.

(d) On June 28, 2005, the Iowa Department of Economic Development (“IDED”) awarded us a Physical Infrastructure Assistance Program (“PIAP”) grant in the amount of $150,000. This is a five-year forgivable loan and proceeds are to be used for the construction and equipping of the 30,000 square foot manufacturing facility. We received payment of this award in December 2005. Other terms of the loan include a minimum contribution of $1,543,316 for building construction, machinery and equipment, and working capital. In addition, we must create 49 full-time equivalent positions, with 38 positions at a starting wage exceeding $11.76 per hour, and an average wage for all positions of $24.94 per hour. In order to qualify for the job count, employees must be Iowa residents. We are required to maintain the minimum employment level through the thirteenth week after the project completion date. If requirements are not met, the balance of the forgivable loan determined by IDED as due and payable will be amortized over three years from the agreement expiration date of July 31, 2010, at 6% interest per annum with equal quarterly payments. IDED requires end-of-year status reports to ensure compliance. At this time the requirements have not been met. Therefore, as of March 31, 2008, the total amount of interest accrued was $20,984. The note is secured by a security agreement on our assets.

Also on June 28, 2005, IDED awarded us a Community Economic Betterment Account (“CEBA”) forgivable loan in the amount of $250,000. This is a three-year forgivable loan and proceeds are to be used for the construction of the plant. We received $150,000 of this award in December 2005. The balance of the award, $100,000, was received in January 2006. The terms of this award are the same as the PIAP award explained in the previous paragraph. At the project completion date, if we have fulfilled at least 50% of our job creation/retention and wage obligation, $6,579 will be forgiven for each new full-time equivalent job created and retained and maintained for at least ninety days past the project completion date. The project completion date of this award is July 30, 2010. Any balance (shortfall) will be amortized over a two-year period, beginning at the project completion date at 6% per annum from the date of the first CEBA disbursement on the shortfall amount, with that amount accrued as of the project completion date, being due and payable immediately. If we have a loan balance, the shortfall balance and existing balance will be combined to reflect a single monthly payment. We are accruing interest on this note until the terms of the note have been met. The total amount of interest accrued at March 31, 2008 was $34,973. The note is secured by a security agreement on our assets.
 
17


At March 31, 2008 we have created 17 jobs to meet the above job creation requirement.

(e) On March 20, 2006, we acquired manufacturing equipment through an equipment financing agreement with Wells Fargo Financial Leasing, Inc. The note requires payments of $2,129 per month for 24 months. The equipment serves as collateral for the note. At March 31, 2008, the entire remaining balance is due within one year and considered current.
 
(f) On March 27, 2008, we renewed a note with a bank for $591,956. The balance of this note on December 31, 2007 was $594,246. This note matures on April 1, 2009, and carries a variable interest rate equal to the Wall Street Journal U.S. Prime Rate. At March 31, 2008, the interest rate on the note was 5.25% and requires monthly interest and principal payments of $4,340. The loan is secured by real estate.

7. CAPITALIZED LEASES

We have entered into three capital lease agreements, to purchase equipment with a net book value of $126,382 at March 31, 2008. Amortization of assets held under capital lease is included with depreciation expense.

The following is a schedule, by years of future minimum payments, required under the lease together with their present value as of March 31, 2008:

2008
 
$
43,086
 
2009
   
57,448
 
2010
   
19,889
 
2011
   
11,586
 
2012
   
635
 
Total minimum lease payments
   
132,644
 
Less amount representing interest
   
17,246
 
Present value of minimum lease payments
   
115,398
 
Less amounts due within one year
   
46,637
 
Totals
 
$
68,761
 

8. GRANTS AND INCENTIVE PROGRAMS

On June 28, 2005, we signed an Enterprise Zone (EZ) Agreement with the Iowa Department of Economic Development (“IDED”). This agreement was later amended, September 26, 2006, to include both properties on our production site. This agreement provides certain benefits and in order to receive these benefits, we were required to create 59 new full-time equivalent jobs at our project site within three years of the date of the agreement. We were also required pay a median wage of $23.89 per hour and pay 80% of the employees’ medical and dental insurance. Within three years of the effective date of the agreement, we were also required to make a capital investment of at least $1,329,716 within the Enterprise Zone. If we do not meet these requirements, a portion of the incentives and assistance will have to be repaid, which will be based on the portion of requirements that we have met.

At March 31, 2008, we had not met all of our obligations for the EZ agreement and we have determined that we will not meet all of the requirements of this agreement before June 28, 2008. We have recorded the benefits we have received from this program as liabilities estimated to be $103,000. We have notified IDED of our inability to meet our job creation obligations and we are in the process of providing them with essential information so that our liability for this program can be determined.

9. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

On September 1, 2005, we adopted an Incentive Compensation Plan (“Incentive Plan”) for the purpose of encouraging key officers, directors, employees and consultants to remain with the company and devote their best efforts to the business of the company. Under this plan, options may be granted to eligible participants, at a price not less than the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant. Options granted under this plan may be designated as either incentive or non-qualified options and vest over periods designated by the Board of Directors, generally over two to five years, and expire no later than ten years from the date of grant. Upon exercise, we issue new shares of Common Stock to the employee.
 
18

 
We may also issue restricted stock under the Incentive Plan. Restricted stock awards made under this program vest over periods designated by the Board of Directors, generally two to four years. The aggregate number of shares authorized for employee stock options, non-employee stock options and restricted stock awards is 2,000,000. At March 31, 2008, there were 696,084 shares available for grant and 1,303,916 shares granted. Of the shares granted, 361,000 were granted as restricted stock, 231,666 were granted as non-employee stock options, and 711,250 were granted as employee and director stock options.

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions post repricing, used to estimate the fair values of the stock options granted to employees and non-employees in the periods presented, using the Black-Scholes option pricing formula. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected life is based on our historical data of option exercise and forfeiture. Expected volatility is based on the average reported volatility and vesting period of a representative sample of eight comparable companies in the alternative fuel technology and services niches with market capitalizations between $14 million and $1 billion, in addition to our actual history over a twenty-eight month period.

   
For the three months ending
 
Period from Inception
 
   
March 31,
 
(May 19, 2003) to
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
March 31, 2008
 
Risk-free interest rate
   
3.6
 
4.7
 
4.2
%
Expected volatility
   
81.0
%
 
100.8
%
 
146.5
%
Expected life (in years)
   
4.0
   
5.5
   
7.4
 
Dividend yield
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Weighted-average estimated fair value of options
                   
granted during the period
 
$
0.27
 
$
2.38
 
$
0.97
 

The following table summarizes the activity for outstanding employee and non-employee stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2008: 
 
   
Options Outstanding
 
   
 
 
Number of Shares
 
 
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
 
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term
(in years)
 
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(1)
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2007
   
884,916
 
$
1.16
             
Granted
   
50,000
 
$
.46
             
Balance at March 31, 2008
   
934,916
 
$
1.12
   
5.02
 
$
0
 
Vested and exercisable as of March 31, 2008
   
629,916
 
$
1.05
   
3.38
 
$
0
 
Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2008
   
906,869
 
$
1.15
   
5.02
 
$
0
 

 
(1)
The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as approximately the difference between the weighted-average exercise price of the underlying awards and our closing stock price of $0.40 on March 31, 2008, the last day of trading in March.

There were no stock options exercised during the three months ending March 31, 2008.

As of March 31, 2008, there was approximately $772,475 of unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding stock options, net of forecasted forfeitures. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 5.86 years. To the extent the forfeiture rate is different than we have anticipated, stock-based compensation related to these awards will be different from expectations.
 
19

 
The following table summarizes the activity for the unvested restricted stock for the three months ended March 31, 2008:
 
   
Unvested Restricted Stock
 
   
 
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
       
Unvested at December 31, 2007
   
92,000
 
$
1.00
 
Vested
   
-
   
-
 
Unvested at March 31, 2008
   
92,000
 
$
1.00
 

As of March 31, 2008, there was approximately $63,212 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.42 years. To the extent actual forfeiture rate is different than we have anticipated, the numbers of restricted stock expected to vest would be different from expectations.

The following table summarizes additional information about stock options outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2008:

Options Outstanding
 
Options Exercisable
 
Exercise Price
 
Options Outstanding
 
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life
 
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
 
Shares Exercisable
 
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
 
$0.40
   
20,000
   
10.00
 
$
.40
   
10,000
 
$
.40
 
$0.50
   
30,000
   
2.88
 
$
.50
   
30,000
 
$
.50
 
$1.00
   
481,666
   
2.72
 
$
1.00
   
429,666
 
$
1.00
 
$1.34
   
393,250
   
7.62
 
$
1.34
   
160,250
 
$
1.34
 
$1.40
   
10,000
   
9.41
 
$
1.40
   
-
 
$
-
 
                                 
     
934,916
   
5.01
 
$
1.05
   
629,916
 
$
1.05
 

10. SUBSEQUENT EVENT

Standby Equity Distribution Agreement (SEDA)

In order to obtain needed capital, we entered into a Standby Equity Distribution Agreement (the “SEDA”) with an investor on April 11, 2008. For a two-year period beginning on the date on which the SEC first declares effective a registration statement registering the resale of our shares by the Investor, we will have the right, at our discretion, to sell shares of our common stock to the Investor for a total purchase price of up to $4,000,000. For each share of common stock purchased under the SEDA, the Investor will pay ninety-three (93%) of the lowest daily volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) during the five consecutive trading days after the Advance Notice Date (as such term is defined in the SEDA). Each such sale (“Advance”) may be for an amount not to exceed $350,000 and each Advance Notice Date must be no less than five trading days after the prior Advance Notice Date. The Advance request will be reduced to the extent the price of our common stock during the five consecutive trading days after the Advance Notice Date is less that 85% of the VWAP on the trading day immediately preceding the Advance Notice Date.
 
Under the terms of the SEDA, we have paid a structuring fee of $10,000 and a due diligence fee of $5,000. We are obligated to issue $160,000 worth of stock at the earlier of the date of effectiveness of the Registration Statement or 60 days from the Closing Date as a Commitment Fee under the SEDA. We are also obligated to pay a monthly monitoring fee of $3,333 during the term of the agreement. We may terminate the SEDA upon 15 trading days notice, provided there are no Advances outstanding and that we have paid all amounts then due to the Investor.
 
20

 
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS SHOULD BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELATED NOTES APPEARING IN THIS FORM 10-Q. THIS DISCUSSION CONTAINS FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS THAT INVOLVE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES. OUR ACTUAL RESULTS WILL DEPEND UPON A NUMBER OF FACTORS BEYOND OUR CONTROL AND COULD DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE ANTICIPATED IN THE FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS. READERS SHOULD CAREFULLY READ OUR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND THE NOTES THERETO, AS WELL AS THE "RISK FACTORS" DESCRIBED IN THE DOCUMENTS WE FILE FROM TIME TO TIME WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, INCLUDING OUR ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-KSB FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007.

General

Hydrogen Engine Center, Inc. (“HEC”, “we”, “us”, “our” or the “company”) was organized for the purpose of developing and commercializing clean solutions for today’s energy needs. Today, we offer technologies that enable spark-ignited internal combustion engines and power generation systems to produce clean energy with near-zero carbon emissions, using our proprietary engine controller and software to efficiently distribute ignition spark and fuel to injectors. Our business plan is centered on a growing portfolio of intellectual property that we expect to play an increasing role in addressing the world’s energy needs as well as its environmental concerns. Our long-term plans include revenue-generating opportunities from licensing fees and from the production and marketing, often in collaboration with others, of our technologies and products to a wider variety of end-users and manufacturers. As the price of gasoline increases, and the price of hydrogen declines, we believe our market position is improving.

We expect future revenue generation from the sale of hydrogen or ammonia-fueled engines and electrical power generation systems (“gensets”) for dedicated uses, such as airport ground support and irrigation pumping. We are, for example, currently working, in collaboration with Air Liquide and a number of other participants, to finalize an opportunity to sell some of our hydrogen-fueled engines for use in ground support vehicles at designated airports. Many airports are seeking clean-energy solutions for operation of ground support vehicles. We believe we are uniquely situated to meet the needs of this market. We have constructed the facility and developed the discipline necessary to enable us to build and sell approximately 700 high-quality engines over a period of 2.5 years. We have developed our own proprietary controller that enables our engines to run efficiently on hydrogen. Of the 14 hydrogen-fueled engines we have sold with this controller, none have experienced controller failure in the field.

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 and the condensed consolidated statements of operations, and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the period from inception (May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008 respectively, consolidate the historical financial statements of the company with HEC Iowa after giving effect to the Merger where HEC Iowa is the accounting acquirer and after giving effect to the Private Offerings.
 
Overview
 
As a result of the Merger, we own all of the issued and outstanding shares of HEC Iowa and all of the issued and outstanding shares of Hydrogen Engine Center (HEC) Canada, Inc. HEC Iowa is a development stage company being built upon the vision of carbon-free, energy independence. On a step-by-step basis we are working to build engines and gensets that provide the ability to generate and use clean power on demand, where needed.
 
We have funded our operations from inception through March 31, 2008, through a series of financing transactions, including convertible loans and Private Offerings. In April 2008, we entered into a SEDA which provides us the opportunity to access additional capital in the maximum amount of Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000), subject to our obtaining an effective registration statement for shares of our Common Stock sold under the SEDA. We expect to access the SEDA in July 2008. We view the SEDA as a financial safety net and we do not intend to access the full amount that may become available to us unless alternative financing on terms deemed acceptable to the company is not available. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Terms of the SEDA” below.
 
21

 
Results of Operations

A summary statement of our operations, for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the period from inception through March 31, 2008 follows:

   
 
2008
 
 
2007
 
From Inception
(May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008
 
Revenues
 
$
161,685
 
$
238,290
 
$
1,224,388
 
Cost of Goods Sold
   
138,463
   
202,664
   
2,022,270
 
Gross Profit (Loss)
   
23,222
   
35,626
   
(797,882
)
                     
Operating Expenses
   
846,235
   
1,767,304
   
12,346,682
 
Loss from Operations
   
(823,013
)
 
(1,731,678
)
 
(13,144,564
)
                     
Other Expense
   
(36,030
)
 
(30,136
)
 
(220,157
)
Net Loss
 
$
(859,043
)
$
(1,761,814
)
$
(13,364,721
)
                     
Series A Preferred Stock Beneficial Conversion Feature Accreted as a Dividend
   
-
 
$
(1,889,063
)
$
(1,889,063
)
                     
Net Loss Available to Common Stockholders
 
$
(859,043
)
$
(3,650,877
)
$
(15,253,784
)

Historical information for periods prior to the merger is that of HEC Iowa.

We continue to operate as a development stage company. We are still developing our alternative-fueled internal combustion engines and related products and have not realized significant revenues to date. As a development stage company we are engaging in the research and development of our products, we continue to foster relationships with vendors and customers and we are in the process of raising additional capital to support our business plan.

Revenues

Revenues in the period ended March 31, 2008 totaled $161,685, a decrease of 32.15% compared to revenues of $238,290 in 2007. However we believe sales for the second quarter 2008 will show an increase compared to the second quarter of 2007. For the period ended March 31, 2008 we realized $112, 013 from the sale of 87 of our 4.9L remanufactured engines, $29,821 from the sale of three new 4.9L Oxx Power® engines and five new Oxx Power® power units and $19,851 from the sale of parts. For the period ended March 31, 2007 we realized $238,290 from the sale of eight Oxx Power® engines, thirty-three open power units and eighteen remanufactured engines. From inception to date we have realized revenues of $1,224,388.

We also derive income through business agreements for the development and/or commercialization of our hydrogen and ammonia products, which are not reflected in our revenue. We record income related to business agreements as a reduction in research and development expense. The expenses we incur are recorded as research and development costs. During the period ended March 31, 2008, we did not record a reduction in research and development expense resulting from business agreements. During the period ended March 31, 2007 we realized project reimbursements in the amount of $30,000 from delivery of one 50kW hydrogen genset.  

Cost of Sales and Gross Profit

We realized gross profit on our revenues of approximately 14.0% in 2008 and approximately 15.0% in 2007. We expect to continue to realize gross profit margins in this range as long as our primary sales are composed of traditional fueled engines. We expect our gross profit margins to increase as we increase our alternative fuel sales.
 
We recovered $11,904 during the period ended March 31, 2008 from previously recorded inventory write downs.
 
22


Operating Expenses

Our sales and marketing expenses for the periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 were $84,065 and $88,514, respectively and the total expense from inception to date (May 19, 2003) is $1,285,101. We continue our search for technically qualified sales personnel, who we feel are key to the success of our company. We expect to be more involved in the distributed generation market because of the tightening of governmentally imposed emission standards and the growing clean-energy solutions offered by our intellectual property. We also plan to aggressively market our carbon-reduced and carbon-freed products in 2008 and expect that our sales and marketing expense may increase as we pursue national and international sales opportunities for these products.

General and administrative expenses decreased from $823,422 for the three months ended March 31, 2007 to $570,904 for the three months ended March 31, 2008. General and administrative expenses from inception (May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008 were $7,042,312. Our general and administrative costs include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation, and other costs associated with general and administrative costs such as investor relations, accounting and legal fees.

Our general and administrative expenses also include overhead and direct production expense related to pre-production costs, which costs, if we had reached production capacity, would be allocated to products manufactured. Expenses related to pre-production include salaries for production, personnel, purchasing costs and costs associated with production ramp up. Total pre-production expenses included in general and administrative expense for the periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 respectively, were $121,484 and $203,134. Pre-production expense from inception (May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008 totaled $1,464,918.

We view our stock based compensation as a key tool that allows us to attract talented, experienced employees and directors without having to increase cash compensation. Although we have been able to preserve cash with this tool, we have recognized $138,005 in stock option and restricted stock expense for employees and directors in the three months ended March 31, 2008 and $136,089 in stock option and restricted stock expense for the three months ended March 31, 2007. Total stock option compensation for employees and directors from inception (May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008 was $1,512,424. Stock option expense is allocated among sales and marketing expense, general and administrative expense and research and development expense.

Since inception (May 19, 2003), we have accrued approximately $38,500 in accrued property taxes and approximately $40,678 in accrued program costs related to forgivable loans and grants from state and local government sponsored programs. These expenses have also been recorded as general and administrative expenses. Expenses related to forgivable loans and grants will continue to accrue until we meet certain criteria for job creation. If we can comply with the job creation criteria, these expenses would be recorded, at the time of forgiveness, as other income.
 
Costs related to research and development were $191,266 and $407,357 for the periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Total expense for research and development expense from inception (May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008 is $3,441,769. Management believes that, assuming receipt of additional capital, research and development expenses will increase during 2008. Research and development costs for 2008 are expected to include the cost of engine certification along with the cost of additional engine and generator development.

During the period ended March 31, 2007 we recorded an expense of $448,011 to settle a dispute with a vendor. The settlement payment was made by issuing 375,000 warrants with a three year term and an exercise price of $2.00. The fair value of the warrants was calculated using the Black Scholes Option pricing formula.
 
Loss from Operations
 
We recorded a net loss of $859,043 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 compared to a net loss of $1,761,814 for the three months ended March 31, 2007. We recorded net losses totaling $13,364,721 from inception (May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008. We expect to continue to operate at a net loss during 2008.
 
23

 
During the three months ended March 31, 2008 we did not recognize any stock dividends attributable to stockholders. During the three months ended March 31, 2007, we accreted a beneficial conversion dividend to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock of $1,889,063. The stock dividend, resulted in a net loss to common stockholders of $3,650,877 for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and did not have an affect on the net loss to common stockholders at March 31, 2008. We recorded net losses attributable to common stockholders totaling $15,253,784 from inception (May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008.

Other Income (Expense)
 
We had total interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2008 of $4,429 as compared to interest income received for the three months ended March 31, 2007 of $11,501. We realized interest income from inception (May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008 of $168,481.

Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was $40,459 and $41,637 for the three months ended March 31, 2007. Our interest expense from inception (May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008 totaled $381,904. We accrue interest expense related to forgivable loans and grants from state and local government sponsored programs. From inception (May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008 we have accrued approximately $136,000 in accrued interest expense related to our forgivable loans and grants and will continue to accrue these expenses until we meet certain criteria for job creation. If we can comply with the job creation criteria, these amounts would be recorded, at the time of forgiveness, as other income.

Critical Accounting Policies
 
Our discussion and analysis of our financial position and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported revenues and expenses during the period.

Inventories

Our inventories consist mainly of parts, work-in-process and finished goods that are stated at the lower of cost or market. Certain inventory items have been written down to the estimated sales price.

Warranty Reserve

We record a warranty reserve at the time products are sold or at the time revenue is recognized. We estimate the liability for product warranty costs based upon industry standards and best estimate of future warranty claims. Due to a lack of actual warranty history to use as a basis for our reserve estimate, it is possible that actual claims may vary significantly from the estimated amounts.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue from the sale of our products is recognized at the time title and risk of ownership transfer to customers. This occurs upon shipment to the customer or when the customer picks up the goods.
Stock-based Compensation

We consider certain accounting policies related to stock-based compensation to be critical to our business operations and the understanding of our results of operations. See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about stock-based compensation.

Stock-based Compensation

We consider certain accounting policies related to stock-based compensation to be critical to our business operations and the understanding of our results of operations. See Note 1 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
24

 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Operating Budget and Financing of Operations

With current cash and cash flow generated from operations we believe that we will have sufficient cash to cover operations through July, 2008. On March 24, 2008 we secured a line of credit from a local bank in the amount of $250,000. On April 11, 2008, we entered into a Standby Equity Distribution Agreement with YA Global, which provides us the opportunity to access additional capital in the maximum amount of Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000) in increments not to exceed $350,000 each. We will have access to these funds over a two-year period beginning on the date on which the SEC first declares effective the registration statement to which this Prospectus is made a part, registering the resale of our shares by the YA Global. We plan to access the SEDA funds in August and will only access the SEDA funds thereafter to the extent necessary.

In addition to the above, we expect to secure an agreement to provide hydrogen-fueled engines for ground support vehicles at designated airports during the first half of 2008 and we continue to engage in discussions to secure a strategic banking relationship. We believe that the combination of these opportunities and potentials can provide needed cash flow to the company throughout 2008.

Going Concern

Our accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates our continuation of operations, realization of assets, and liquidation of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. Since inception, we have incurred substantial operating losses and expect to incur additional operating losses over the next several months. As of March 31, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $13.36 million. Our accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

We have financed our operations since inception primarily through equity and debt financings and loans from our officers, directors, and stockholders. Continuing our operations is dependent upon obtaining further financing. Although we expect to access necessary funds through the SEDA, there can be no assurance that we will successfully complete the registration required under the agreement, or that amounts accessed would be sufficient to satisfy our capital requirements. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Since inception, we have incurred substantial operating losses and expect to incur additional operating losses in the foreseeable future. We have financed operations since inception primarily through equity and debt financings. We anticipate our expenses will increase as we continue to expand our operations. We had approximately $192,303 in cash, $79,195 in trade receivables and $139,833 in trade payables at May 13, 2008. As of May 13, 2008, we had sales orders of approximately $250,000 (approximately $140,000 of which are scheduled to be delivered in May 2008) and an expected tax refund of approximately $30,000. We have a balance of $165,000 remaining on our bank line of credit. If we are unable to raise additional funds through the SEDA, we anticipate that our existing capital will fund operations through July 2008. These timeframes will vary either positively or negatively based on subsequent events.

Terms of the SEDA

On April 11, 2008, we entered into a Standby Equity Distribution Agreement with YA Global. The SEDA provides us the opportunity, for a two-year period beginning on the date on which the SEC first declares effective the registration statement to which this Prospectus is made a part registering the resale of our shares by YA Global, to sell shares of our Common Stock to YA Global for a total purchase price of up to Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000). For each share of Common Stock purchased under the SEDA, YA Global will pay 93% of the lowest daily VWAP during the five (5) consecutive trading days after the Advance notice date. Each Advance may be for an amount not to exceed $350,000 and each Advance notice date must be no less than five (5) trading days after the prior Advance notice date. The Advance request will be reduced to the extent the price of our Common Stock during the five (5) consecutive trading days after the Advance notice date is less that 85% of the VWAP on the trading day immediately preceding the Advance notice date.
 
25

 
We have paid $15,000 to YA Global as a structuring and due diligence fee and are obligated to issue $160,000 worth of stock at the earlier of the date of effectiveness of the registration statement to which this Prospectus is made a part or sixty (60) days from April 11, 2008 as a commitment fee under the SEDA. We are obligated to pay a monthly monitoring fee of $3,333 during the term of the SEDA. We may terminate the SEDA upon fifteen (15) trading days of prior notice to YA Global, as long as there are no Advances outstanding and we have paid to YA Global all amount then due. A copy of the SEDA is attached as Exhibit 10.3 to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on April 15, 2008.

We have engaged Growth Energy Capital Advisors (GenCap) of Dallas, TX, an unaffiliated registered broker-dealer, to act as placement agent in connection with the SEDA. GenCap is entitled to receive a fee equal to seven percent (7%) of the gross proceeds of the SEDA and warrants to purchase a number of shares of Common Stock equal to five percent (5%) of the total number of shares issued under the SEDA (neither the warrants or shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants are being registered hereunder). If the company drew down on the entire Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000) available under the SEDA, GenCap would receive an aggregate placement fee equal to $280,000 plus warrants to purchase common stock.

We claim an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for the private placement of our shares in the SEDA pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and/or Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder. The transaction does not involve a public offering, YA Global is an “accredited investor” and/or qualified institutional buyer and YA Global has access to information about the company and its investment.

Cash Flow From Operations

The following table depicts cash flow information for the periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 and from inception (May 19, 2003) to March 31, 2008:

       
From Inception
 
   
Three months ended March 31,
 
(May 19, 2003) to
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
March 31, 2008
 
Net cash used in operating activities
 
$
(505,830
)
$
(1,303,078
)
$
(11,674,142
)
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(1,297
)
 
(43,125
)
 
(3,092,633
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
   
(40,058
)
 
515,244
   
14,936,291
 

Net cash used in operating activities were $505,830 during the three months ended March 31, 2008 compared to $1,303,078 during the same period in 2007, which constitutes a decrease of $797,248. The decrease is primarily the result of a decrease in inventory purchasing activity and efforts to reduce our operating expenses. From inception (May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008 we have used $11,674,142 to fund our operating activities.

At March 31, 2008 we had cash on hand of $161,578 compared to cash on hand of $317,064 at March 31, 2007, compared to $713,289 at December 31, 2007.

Cash Flow Used in Investing Activities
 
Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was approximately $1,297 compared to $43,125 for the three months ended March 31, 2007. The decrease is a result of a decrease in purchases of property and equipment. We have used $3,092,633 for the purchase of property and equipment from inception (May 19, 2003) through March 31, 2008.

Cash Flow From Financing Activities

Net cash used to pay short term and long term debt during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively was $40,058 and $13,756. We did not receive any proceeds from borrowings or private placements during the three months ended March 31, 2008. During the period ended March 31, 2007, we borrowed $250,000 and raised $279,000 from private placements.
 
26

 
During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we renewed our note with Farmers State Bank in the principal amount of $591,956. In addition, on March 24, 2008, we obtained a line of credit with Iowa State Bank in the amount of $250,000. As of May 13, 2008, we have drawn $85,000 from this line of credit.

At March 31, 2008 we had total assets of $5,258,857 and stockholders equity of $2,665,876 compared to total assets of $5,985,477 and stockholders’ equity of $3,381,158 at December 31, 2007.

Plan of Operation

Since inception, we have incurred substantial operating losses and expect to incur additional operating losses in the foreseeable future. We have financed operations since inception primarily through equity and debt financings. We anticipate our expenses will increase significantly only if we obtain sufficient capital to expand our operations. Until such time, we intend to curtail our operations and decrease our monthly expenditures.

We expect to continue our efforts to raise additional capital resources during 2008. We anticipate that increased sales of our products could commence for calendar year 2008, subject to timely receipt of quality parts from suppliers and receipt of anticipated purchase orders, which may add to cash reserves. We are currently exploring a variety of opportunities to obtain additional capital. There is no assurance that we will be able to raise the necessary capital or that the capital, if available, will be available on terms that will be acceptable to us.

We are a development stage enterprise and, as such, our continued existence is dependent upon our ability to resolve our liquidity problems, principally by obtaining additional debt or equity financing. We have yet to generate a positive internal cash flow, and until meaningful sales of our products begin, we are dependent upon debt and equity funding.

In the event that we are unable to obtain debt or equity financing or we are unable to obtain financing on terms and conditions that are acceptable to us, we may have to cease or severely curtail our operations. These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. So far, we have been able to raise the capital necessary to reach this stage of product development and have been able to obtain funding for operating requirements, but there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to do so.

We believe that the manufacture and sale of our current Oxx Power® engines, open power units and gensets are merely the first steps toward our vision of a carbon-free, energy independent future. We have not received the amount of capital we anticipated receiving from investors to date. We have also experienced delays in the receipt of quality parts for our engines and we have experienced delays in initiating the certification process of our engines. Our long-term vision has been focused around three market segments: fuel delivery and controls, by-product gas, and renewables. Capital constraints have delayed our efforts to commercialize our intellectual property. However, we anticipate that revenue from these sources will continue to help support our continuing operations and assist with funding for our research and development efforts.

Our basic business plan is based upon the development of our intellectual property and the commercialization of our technologies. We currently have nine patents pending and expect to file several more during the next several months. In May 2008 we were notified that our application for a patent on a Precision Hi-speed Generator Alignment Fixture has been allowed.

In the event that we are unable to obtain debt or equity financing or we are unable to obtain financing on terms and conditions that are acceptable to us, we will not be able to attain our goals and we may have to cease or severely curtail our operations. These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. So far, we have been able to raise the capital necessary to reach this stage of product development and have been able to obtain funding for operating requirements and for construction of our manufacturing facilities, but there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to do so.

We do not anticipate expanding our manufacturing facilities in 2008. We anticipate our capital expenditures for 2008 will be approximately $500,000, subject to sufficient capital from anticipated financing.
 
27

 
We believe we will have expenditures of up to $500,000 in 2008 to certify the 4.9L engine. This testing procedure will be an expense of research and development. We anticipate that our research and development costs could be approximately $1 million (including this certification process) in 2008, subject to sufficient capital from anticipated financing.

Grants and Government Programs

The Iowa Department of Economic Development has provided the following funding assistance to us:

·      Community Economic Betterment Account Forgivable Loan (“CEBA”)
 
$
250,000
 
·      Physical Infrastructure Assistance Program Forgivable Loan (“PIAP”)
 
$
150,000
 
·      Enterprise Zone (estimated value)
 
$
142,715
 

The CEBA and PIAP programs provide that the loan amounts will be forgiven if we meet certain requirements, including the creation of 49 jobs in Iowa by July 2010. As of March 31, 2008, we had 17 employees in Iowa. We are accruing interest on these loans until we meet the terms.

Under the Enterprise Zone program, we are eligible for the following benefits provided we continue to meet certain Program requirements:

 
§
Funding for training new employees through a supplemental new jobs withholding credit equal to 3% of gross wages of the new jobs created;

 
§
A refund of 100% of the sales, service and use taxes paid to contractors and subcontractors during the construction phase of the plant (excluding local option taxes);

 
§
A 6.5% research activities tax credit based on increasing research activities within the State of Iowa;

 
§
An investment tax credit equal to 10% of our capital investment. This Iowa tax credit may be carried forward for up to seven years.

 
§
A value-added property tax exemption. Our community has approved an exemption from taxation on a portion of the property in which our business is located.

In order to receive these benefits, we must meet a number of requirements, including the creation of 59 new full-time equivalent jobs at the company’s headquarters by June 28, 2008. We will not meet this requirement and are in discussions with the department about possible alternatives. We estimate that the amount due to the department if we are unable to negotiate more favorable terms would be approximately $103,000.

We received a partially forgivable loan in the amount of $146,124 from the Algona Area Economic Development Corporation (“AAEDC”), used for purchase of land and construction of our manufacturing facility. If we create 50 new jobs in Algona, Iowa by June 1, 2010 and retain those jobs through June 1, 2015, $67,650 of this loan will be forgiven. If we create and retain 50 additional new jobs in Algona, Iowa (total of 100 jobs) by June 1, 2015 another $67,650 of this loan will be forgiven. The balance of $10,824 will be the only amount we repay to AAEDC, if we are successful in creating 100 new jobs. A wage must be paid equal to or greater than the average hourly wage for workers in Kossuth County, Iowa, as determined annually by Iowa Workforce Development. If we are unsuccessful we must repay the loan with 8% interest. We are accruing interest on this loan until we meet the terms.

Employees

We currently have 20 employees, 17 of whom are in Algona, Iowa and 3 of whom are in Canada. We plan to maintain lean staffing and will only add key skill sets as required - mainly in the technical and sales disciplines.
 
Inflation

In our opinion, inflation has not and will not have a material effect on our operations in the immediate future. Management will continue to monitor inflation and evaluate the possible future effects of inflation on our business and operations.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

28


ITEM 4T. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Acting Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act")). Disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures that we designed to ensure that we record, process, summarize and report in a timely manner the information we must disclose in reports that we file with or submit to the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, we have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

As of the date of this report, management has initiated efforts to define, publish and implement policies and procedures in key areas related to its internal controls and financial reporting.  Management has enhanced its review and approval procedures in the first quarter of 2008 to include accounting reviews as it pertains to stock conversions. Management will provide education in this area and will have future conversions reviewed by an external subject matter expert.

Except as described above, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the exchange act) that occurred in the first quarter ended March 31, 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
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PART II OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We are not a party to any pending legal proceeding. We are not aware of any pending legal proceeding to which any of our officers, directors, or any beneficial holders of 5% or more of our voting securities are adverse to us or have a material interest adverse to us.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, we granted options to purchase 20,000 shares to a director and options to purchase 30,000 shares to a consultant under the company’s 2005 Incentive Compensation Plan, with exercise prices of $0.40 - $0.50 per share. Further information about awards under the 2005 Incentive Compensation Plan is included in our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB filed with the Commission on April 15, 2008, which report is incorporated herein by reference.
 
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

Exhibit No.
Description
   
31.1
Certification pursuant to Item 601(b) (31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by Theodore G. Hollinger, the company's Acting President and Chief Executive Officer.
   
31.2
Certification pursuant to Item 601(b) (31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by Sandra Batt, the company's Chief Financial Officer.
   
32.1
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by Theodore G. Hollinger, the company's Acting President and Chief Executive Officer.
   
32.2
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by Sandra Batt, the company's Chief Financial Officer.
 
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
 
NOTES ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements contained in this current report which are not historical facts, including some statements regarding the effects of the Merger, may be considered "forward-looking statements" under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and the current economic environment. We caution readers that such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance. Unknown risks and uncertainties as well as other uncontrollable or unknown factors could cause actual results to materially differ from the results, performance or expectations expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Readers should carefully review the our financial statements and the notes thereto, as well as the "risk factors" described in the documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our annual report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2007.

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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.


   
HYDROGEN ENGINE CENTER, INC.
 
       
       
Date: July 22, 2008
By
/s/ Theodore G. Hollinger  
 
   
Theodore G. Hollinger
 
   
Acting President and Chief Executive Officer
   
(Principal Executive Officer)
       
       
Date: July 22, 2008
By
/s/ Sandra Batt
 
   
Sandra Batt
 
   
Chief Financial Officer
 
   
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
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