UNITED STATES CELLULAR CORPORATION
ANNUAL REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014
Pursuant to SEC Rule 14a-3
The following audited financial statements and certain other financial information for the year ended December 31, 2014, represent U.S. Cellular's annual report to shareholders as required by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").
The following information was filed with the SEC on February 25, 2015 as Exhibit 13 to U.S. Cellular's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. Such information has not been updated or revised since the date it was originally filed with the SEC. Accordingly, you are encouraged to review such information together with any subsequent information that we have filed with the SEC and other publicly available information.
United States Cellular Corporation and Subsidiaries
Financial Reports Contents
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition |
1 | |
Overview |
1 | |
Regulatory Matters |
4 | |
Results of Operations |
6 | |
Inflation |
14 | |
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
14 | |
Liquidity and Capital Resources |
14 | |
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates |
21 | |
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions |
27 | |
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 Safe Harbor Cautionary Statement |
28 | |
Market Risk |
31 | |
Consolidated Statement of Operations |
32 | |
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows |
33 | |
Consolidated Balance SheetAssets |
34 | |
Consolidated Balance SheetLiabilities and Equity |
35 | |
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity |
36 | |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
39 | |
Reports of Management |
76 | |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
78 | |
Selected Consolidated Financial Data |
79 | |
Consolidated Quarterly Information (Unaudited) |
80 | |
Shareholder Information |
81 |
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
United States Cellular Corporation ("U.S. Cellular") owns, operates and invests in wireless markets throughout the United States. U.S. Cellular is an 84%-owned subsidiary of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. ("TDS").
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with U.S. Cellular's audited consolidated financial statements and the description of U.S. Cellular's business included in Item 1 of the U.S. Cellular Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Form 10-K") for the year ended December 31, 2014. The discussion and analysis contained herein refers to consolidated data and results of operations, unless otherwise noted.
OVERVIEW
The following is a summary of certain selected information contained in the comprehensive Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations that follows. The overview does not contain all of the information that may be important. You should carefully read the entire Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and not rely solely on the overview.
In its consolidated operating markets, U.S. Cellular serves approximately 4.8 million customers in 23 states. As of December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular's average penetration rate in its consolidated operating markets was 15.0%. U.S. Cellular operates on a customer satisfaction strategy, striving to meet or exceed customer needs by providing a comprehensive range of wireless products and services, excellent customer support, and a high-quality network. U.S. Cellular's business development strategy is to obtain interests in and access to wireless licenses in its current operating markets and in areas that are adjacent to or in close proximity to its other wireless licenses, thereby building contiguous operating market areas with strong spectrum positions. U.S. Cellular believes that the acquisition of additional licenses within its current operating markets will enhance its network capacity to meet its customers' increased demand for data services. In addition, U.S. Cellular anticipates that grouping its operations into market areas will continue to provide it with certain economies in its capital and operating costs.
Financial and operating highlights in 2014 included the following:
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
In 2014, Core Markets information is the same as Consolidated Markets information. However, because the Divestiture Transaction and the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation were consummated in the second quarter of 2013, the Consolidated Markets in the first six months of 2013 include information with respect to the Divestiture Markets and the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships. Accordingly, the following operating information is presented for Core Markets to permit a comparison of 2014 to 2013 excluding the Divestiture Markets and the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships. As used here, Core Markets is defined as all consolidated markets in which U.S. Cellular currently conducts business and, therefore, excludes the Divestiture Markets and the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships. Core Markets as defined also includes any other income or expenses due to U.S. Cellular's direct or indirect ownership interests in other spectrum in the Divestiture Markets which was not included in the Divestiture Transaction and other retained assets from the Divestiture Markets. See Note 6Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges and Note 8Investments in Unconsolidated Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Highlights in the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 for Core Markets included the following:
The following financial information is presented for U.S. Cellular consolidated results:
2
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
U.S. Cellular anticipates that its future results may be affected by the following factors:
3
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
transactions are subject to regulatory approval and are expected to close in 2015. See Note 6 Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to these transactions;
Pro Forma Financial Information
Refer to U.S. Cellular's Form 8-K filed on February 26, 2014 for pro forma financial information related to the Divestiture Transaction and the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2013, as if the transactions had occurred at the beginning of the respective periods.
REGULATORY MATTERS
FCC Interoperability Order
On October 25, 2013, the FCC adopted a Report and Order and Order of Proposed Modification confirming a voluntary industry agreement on interoperability in the Lower 700 MHz spectrum band. The FCC's Report and Order laid out a roadmap for the voluntary commitments of AT&T and DISH Network Corporation ("DISH") to become fully binding. The FCC implemented the AT&T commitments in an Order adopted in the first quarter of 2014 that modified AT&T's Lower 700 MHz licenses. Pursuant to these commitments, AT&T will begin incorporating changes in its network and devices that will foster interoperability across all paired spectrum blocks in the Lower 700 MHz Band and support LTE roaming on AT&T networks for carriers with compatible Band 12 devices, consistent with the FCC's rules on roaming. AT&T will be implementing the foregoing changes in phases starting with network software enhancement taking place possibly through the third quarter of 2015 with the AT&T Band 12 device roll-out to follow. In late 2014, AT&T made filings with and reaffirmed to the FCC its commitment under this Order. In addition, the FCC has adopted changes in its technical rules for certain unpaired spectrum licensed to AT&T and DISH in the Lower 700 MHz band to enhance prospects for Lower 700 MHz interoperability. AT&T's network and devices currently interoperate across only two of the three paired blocks in the Lower 700 MHz band. U.S. Cellular's LTE deployment, carried out in conjunction with its partner, King Street Wireless, utilizes spectrum in all three of these blocks and, consequently, was not interoperable with the AT&T configuration. U.S. Cellular believes that the FCC action will broaden the ecosystem of devices available to U.S. Cellular's customers over time.
FCC Net Neutrality Proposal
Currently, internet services are subject to substantially less regulation than traditional common carrier telecommunications services under federal law and generally are not subject to state or local government regulation because they are currently classified as an "information service" by the FCC under the Communications Act. Internet services provided by wireless carriers may also be subject to less regulation than by other telecommunications companies. However, in 2009, the FCC initiated a rulemaking proceeding designed to codify its existing "Net Neutrality" principles to regulate how internet service providers manage applications and content that traverse their networks. In December 2010, the FCC adopted a net neutrality rule based on its Title I "ancillary" authority under the Communications Act. Among other things, these rules prohibited all internet providers from blocking consumers' access to lawful websites or applications that compete with the provider's voice or video telephony services, subject to reasonable network management. The rules subjected the providers of fixed but not wireless broadband internet access to a prohibition on "unreasonable discrimination" in transmitting internet
4
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
traffic over their networks, subject to reasonable network management. On January 14, 2014, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit vacated the foregoing "anti-blocking" and "anti-discrimination" portions of the FCC's net neutrality rules. In May 2014, the FCC proposed revised rules, substantially similar to the vacated rules, except that the revised proposed rules would replace the prohibition of "unreasonable discrimination" with a prohibition on "commercially unreasonable practices." Following public comments on such rules and the urging of President Obama, in February 2015 the FCC chairman instead proposed applying "Title II" or telecommunications common carrier regulation to both fixed and wireless internet service providers to prevent "paid prioritization" of internet traffic to end users and to restrict wireless carriers from limiting the capacity of certain high volume data users to use the data network. If the FCC adopts such proposed rules, it is expected that they will be challenged in litigation. U.S. Cellular cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings.
FCC Spectrum Auction 97
In January 2015, the FCC released the results of Auction 97. U.S. Cellular participated in Auction 97 indirectly through its limited partnership interest in Advantage Spectrum L.P. See Note 13Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
FCC Reform Order
The Telecommunications Act authorizes and directs the FCC to establish a Universal Service Fund ("USF"), to preserve and advance universal access to telecommunications services in rural and high-cost areas of the country. All carriers with interstate and international revenues must contribute to the USF. Carriers are free to pass on the cost of such contributions to their customers. In 2014, U.S. Cellular contributed $78.9 million into the federal USF and passed on the cost of such contributions to its customers.
Telecommunications companies may be designated by states, or in some cases by the FCC, as an Eligible Telecommunications Carrier ("ETC") to receive universal service support payments if they provide specified services in "high cost" areas. U.S. Cellular has been designated as an ETC in certain states and received approximately $92.1 million in high cost support for service to high cost areas in 2014.
In 2011, the FCC released an order ("Reform Order") to: reform its universal service and intercarrier compensation mechanisms; establish a new, broadband-focused support mechanism; and propose further rules to advance reform. Pursuant to the FCC's Reform Order, U.S. Cellular's ETC support has been phased down by 40% since July 1, 2012. As provided by the Reform Order, the phase down is currently suspended and U.S. Cellular will continue to receive 60% of its baseline support until a new fund provided in the Reform Order is operational. Further proceedings including litigation may also be possible. At this time, U.S. Cellular cannot predict the net effect of further changes to the USF high cost support program under the Reform Order.
Multiple appeals of the Reform Order were consolidated and argued in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit on November 19, 2013. The court ruled in favor of the FCC and U.S. Cellular filed a Petition of Certiorari on November 25, 2014 with the United States Supreme Court. At this time, U.S. Cellular cannot predict whether the Supreme Court will accept the case or the timing or outcome of any such decision should the Court permit the appeal.
With respect to intercarrier compensation, the Reform Order provides for a reduction in the charges that U.S. Cellular pays to wireline phone companies to transport and terminate calls that originate on their networks, which will reduce U.S. Cellular's operating expenses. The reductions in intercarrier charges are to increase over the next five to ten years, further reducing U.S. Cellular's operating expenses.
5
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Summary Operating Data for U.S. Cellular Consolidated Markets
Following is a table of summarized operating data for U.S. Cellular's Consolidated Markets. Consolidated Markets herein refers to markets which U.S. Cellular currently consolidates, or previously consolidated in the periods presented, and is not adjusted in prior periods presented for subsequent divestitures or deconsolidations. Unless otherwise noted, figures reported in Results of Operations are representative of consolidated results.
As of or for the Year Ended December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Retail Customers |
||||||||||
Postpaid |
||||||||||
Total at end of period |
4,298,000 | 4,267,000 | 5,134,000 | |||||||
Gross additions |
940,000 | 697,000 | 880,000 | |||||||
Net additions (losses) |
31,000 | (325,000 | ) | (165,000 | ) | |||||
ARPU(1) |
$ | 56.75 | $ | 54.31 | $ | 54.32 | ||||
ARPA(2) |
$ | 133.19 | $ | 120.92 | $ | 123.27 | ||||
Churn rate(3) |
1.8 | % | 1.8 | % | 1.7 | % | ||||
Smartphone penetration(4) |
59.8 | % | 50.8 | % | 41.8 | % | ||||
Prepaid |
||||||||||
Total at end of period |
348,000 | 343,000 | 423,000 | |||||||
Gross additions |
274,000 | 309,000 | 368,000 | |||||||
Net additions (losses) |
5,000 | (21,000 | ) | 118,000 | ||||||
ARPU(1) |
$ | 34.07 | $ | 31.44 | $ | 33.26 | ||||
Churn rate(3) |
6.4 | % | 7.0 | % | 6.0 | % | ||||
Total customers at end of period |
4,760,000 | 4,774,000 | 5,798,000 | |||||||
Billed ARPU(1) |
$ | 53.49 | $ | 50.73 | $ | 50.81 | ||||
Service revenue ARPU(1) |
$ | 60.32 | $ | 57.61 | $ | 58.70 | ||||
Smartphones sold as a percent of total handsets sold |
81.3 | % | 72.8 | % | 58.7 | % | ||||
Total Population |
||||||||||
Consolidated markets(5) |
50,906,000 | 58,013,000 | 93,244,000 | |||||||
Consolidated operating markets(5) |
31,729,000 | 31,759,000 | 46,966,000 | |||||||
Market penetration at end of period |
||||||||||
Consolidated markets(6) |
9.4 | % | 8.2 | % | 6.2 | % | ||||
Consolidated operating markets(6) |
15.0 | % | 15.0 | % | 12.3 | % | ||||
Capital expenditures (000s) |
$ | 557,615 | $ | 737,501 | $ | 836,748 | ||||
Total cell sites in service |
6,220 | 6,975 | 8,028 | |||||||
Owned towers in service |
4,281 | 4,448 | 4,408 |
6
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Summary Operating Data for U.S. Cellular Core Markets
Following is a table of summarized operating data for U.S. Cellular's Core Markets. For comparability, Core Markets as presented here excludes the results of the Divestiture Markets and NY1 and NY2 Partnerships as of or for the twelve months ended December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.
As of or for the Year Ended December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Retail Customers |
||||||||||
Postpaid |
||||||||||
Total at end of period |
4,298,000 | 4,267,000 | 4,496,000 | |||||||
Gross additions |
940,000 | 682,000 | 746,000 | |||||||
Net additions (losses) |
31,000 | (217,000 | ) | (92,000 | ) | |||||
ARPU(1) |
$ | 56.75 | $ | 54.23 | $ | 53.65 | ||||
ARPA(2) |
$ | 133.19 | $ | 115.00 | $ | 120.78 | ||||
Churn rate(3) |
1.8 | % | 1.7 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||
Smartphone penetration(4) |
59.8 | % | 50.8 | % | 41.1 | % | ||||
Prepaid |
||||||||||
Total at end of period |
348,000 | 343,000 | 342,000 | |||||||
Gross additions |
274,000 | 295,000 | 288,000 | |||||||
Net additions (losses) |
5,000 | 2,000 | 124,000 | |||||||
ARPU(1) |
$ | 34.07 | $ | 31.45 | $ | 32.98 | ||||
Churn rate(3) |
6.4 | % | 6.7 | % | 5.2 | % | ||||
Total customers at end of period |
4,760,000 | 4,774,000 | 5,022,000 | |||||||
Billed ARPU(1) |
$ | 53.49 | $ | 50.82 | $ | 50.54 | ||||
Service revenue ARPU(1) |
$ | 60.32 | $ | 57.66 | $ | 58.49 | ||||
Smartphones sold as a percent of total handsets sold |
81.3 | % | 73.0 | % | 58.9 | % | ||||
Total Population |
||||||||||
Consolidated markets(5) |
50,906,000 | 58,013,000 | 83,384,000 | |||||||
Consolidated operating markets(5) |
31,729,000 | 31,759,000 | 31,445,000 | |||||||
Market penetration at end of period |
||||||||||
Consolidated markets(6) |
9.4 | % | 8.2 | % | 6.0 | % | ||||
Consolidated operating markets(6) |
15.0 | % | 15.0 | % | 16.0 | % | ||||
Capital expenditures (000s) |
$ | 557,615 | $ | 735,082 | $ | 768,884 | ||||
Total cell sites in service |
6,220 | 6,161 | 6,130 | |||||||
Owned towers in service |
3,951 | 3,883 | 3,847 |
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Components of Operating Income (Loss)
Year Ended December 31,
|
2014 | Increase/ (Decrease) |
Percentage Change |
2013 | Increase/ (Decrease) |
Percentage Change |
2012 | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Retail service |
$ | 3,012,984 | $ | (152,512 | ) | (5 | )% | $ | 3,165,496 | $ | (382,483 | ) | (11 | )% | $ | 3,547,979 | ||||||
Inbound roaming |
224,090 | (39,096 | ) | (15 | )% | 263,186 | (85,531 | ) | (25 | )% | 348,717 | |||||||||||
Other |
160,863 | (5,228 | ) | (3 | )% | 166,091 | (36,069 | ) | (18 | )% | 202,160 | |||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Service revenues |
3,397,937 | (196,836 | ) | (5 | )% | 3,594,773 | (504,083 | ) | (12 | )% | 4,098,856 | |||||||||||
Equipment sales |
494,810 | 170,747 | 53 | % | 324,063 | (29,165 | ) | (8 | )% | 353,228 | ||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating revenues |
3,892,747 | (26,089 | ) | (1 | )% | 3,918,836 | (533,248 | ) | (12 | )% | 4,452,084 | |||||||||||
System operations (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below) |
769,911 |
6,476 |
1 |
% |
763,435 |
(183,370 |
) |
(19 |
)% |
946,805 |
||||||||||||
Cost of equipment sold |
1,192,669 | 193,669 | 19 | % | 999,000 | 63,053 | 7 | % | 935,947 | |||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
1,591,914 | (85,481 | ) | (5 | )% | 1,677,395 | (87,538 | ) | (5 | )% | 1,764,933 | |||||||||||
Depreciation, amortization and accretion |
605,997 | (197,784 | ) | (25 | )% | 803,781 | 195,148 | 32 | % | 608,633 | ||||||||||||
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net |
21,469 | 9,137 | 30 | % | 30,606 | (12,518 | ) | (69 | )% | 18,088 | ||||||||||||
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net |
(32,830 | ) | (213,937 | ) | (87 | )% | (246,767 | ) | 267,789 | >100 | % | 21,022 | ||||||||||
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges |
(112,993 | ) | (142,486 | ) | (56 | )% | (255,479 | ) | 255,479 | N | /M | | ||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses |
4,036,137 | 264,166 | 7 | % | 3,771,971 | (523,457 | ) | (12 | )% | 4,295,428 | ||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) |
$ | (143,390 | ) | $ | (290,255 | ) | >(100 | )% | $ | 146,865 | $ | (9,791 | ) | (6 | )% | $ | 156,656 | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
N/MPercentage change not meaningful
8
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Operating Revenues
Service revenues
Service revenues consist primarily of: (i) charges for access, airtime, roaming, recovery of regulatory costs and value added services, including data products and services, provided to U.S. Cellular's retail customers and to end users through third party resellers ("retail service"); (ii) charges to other wireless carriers whose customers use U.S. Cellular's wireless systems when roaming; and (iii) amounts received from the Federal USF.
Retail service revenues
Retail service revenues decreased by $152.5 million, or 5%, to $3,013.0 million due primarily to a decrease in U.S. Cellular's average customer base (including the reductions caused by the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation), partially offset by an increase in billed ARPU.
In 2013, Retail service revenues decreased by $382.5 million, or 11%, to $3,165.5 million due primarily to a decrease in U.S. Cellular's average customer base (including the reductions caused by the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation) and a slight decrease in billed ARPU. In the fourth quarter of 2013, U.S. Cellular issued loyalty reward points with a value of $43.5 million as a loyalty bonus in recognition of the inconvenience experienced by customers during U.S. Cellular's billing system conversion in 2013. The value of the loyalty bonus reduced Operating revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and increased Customer deposits and deferred revenues in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Billed ARPU increased to $53.49 in 2014 from $50.73 in 2013. This overall increase is due primarily to an increase in postpaid ARPU to $56.75 in 2014 from $54.31 in 2013 and an increase in prepaid ARPU to $34.07 in 2014 from $31.44 in 2013, reflecting an increase in smartphone penetration and corresponding revenues from data products and services, partially offset by lower monthly service billings for customers on equipment installment plans. Billed ARPU in 2013 was relatively flat compared to $50.81 in 2012. An increase in smartphone adoption and corresponding revenues from data products and services drove higher ARPU; however, this growth was offset by the special issuance of loyalty rewards points in the fourth quarter of 2013, which negatively impacted billed ARPU for the year by $0.70.
U.S. Cellular expects continued pressure on retail service revenues in the foreseeable future due to industry competition for customers and related effects on pricing of service plan offerings offset to some degree by continued adoption of smartphones and data usage. In addition, beginning in the second quarter of 2014, U.S. Cellular expanded its offerings of equipment installment plans. To the extent that customers adopt these plans, U.S. Cellular expects an increase in equipment sales revenues. However, certain of the equipment installment plans provide the customer with a reduction in the monthly access charge for the device; thus, to the extent that existing customers adopt such plans, U.S. Cellular expects a reduction in retail service revenues and ARPU.
Inbound roaming revenues
Inbound roaming revenues decreased by $39.1 million, or 15% in 2014 to $224.1 million. The decrease was due in part to a $17.6 million impact related to the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation recorded in 2013. The remaining decrease in the Core Markets was due to a decrease in rates and a decline in voice volume, partially offset by higher data usage. U.S. Cellular expects modest growth in data volume, declining voice volumes and declining rates which likely will result in declining inbound roaming revenues in the near term. Both inbound and outbound roaming rates are subject to periodic revision; further, U.S. Cellular is negotiating 4G LTE roaming rates with several carriers which could materially affect roamer revenues and expenses going forward.
Inbound roaming revenues decreased by $85.5 million, or 25% in 2013 to $263.2 million. The decrease was due primarily to lower rates ($47.9 million) and the impacts of the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 &
9
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
NY2 Deconsolidation ($37.6 million). Data volume increased year-over year but the impact of this increase was offset by the combined impacts of lower volume for voice and lower rates for both data and voice. The decline in roaming revenues was offset by a decline in roaming expense also due to lower rates.
Other revenues
Other revenues of $160.9 million in 2014 decreased by $5.2 million, or 3%, compared to 2013 due to a $14.8 million decrease in ETC support, partially offset by an increase in tower rental revenue. Tower rental revenue was $55.5 million and $45.7 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively. In 2013, Other revenues decreased by $36.1 million, or 18%, due primarily to a decrease in ETC support.
Equipment sales revenues
Equipment sales revenues include revenues from sales of wireless devices and related accessories to both new and existing customers, as well as revenues from sales of wireless devices and accessories to agents. All Equipment sales revenues are recorded net of rebates.
U.S. Cellular offers a competitive line of quality wireless devices to both new and existing customers. U.S. Cellular's customer acquisition and retention efforts include offering new wireless devices to customers at discounted prices; in addition, customers on currently offered rate plans receive loyalty reward points that may be used to purchase a new wireless device or accelerate the timing of a customer's eligibility for a wireless device upgrade at promotional pricing. U.S. Cellular also continues to sell wireless devices to agents including national retailers; this practice enables U.S. Cellular to provide better control over the quality of wireless devices sold to its customers, establish roaming preferences and earn quantity discounts from wireless device manufacturers which are passed along to agents and other retailers.
Beginning in the second quarter of 2014, U.S. Cellular expanded its offerings of equipment installment plans. To the extent that customers adopt these plans, U.S. Cellular expects an increase in equipment sales revenues. However, certain of the equipment installment plans provide the customer with a reduction in the monthly access charge for the device; thus, to the extent that existing customers adopt such plans, U.S. Cellular expects a reduction in retail service revenues and ARPU.
Equipment sales revenues increased $170.7 million, or 53%, to $494.8 million in 2014. Equipment sales revenues in 2014 include $190.4 million related to equipment installment plan sales. The increase is due primarily to an increase in average revenue per device sold (including the impact of sales under equipment installment plans) and sales of connected devices and accessories. This increase is partially offset by a decrease in the sales of other device categories, primarily the feature phone category, and the effects of the Divestiture Transaction and the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation.
The decrease in 2013 equipment sales revenues of $29.2 million, or 8%, to $324.1 million was driven primarily by selling fewer devices, partially due to the Divestiture Transaction. Declines in volume were offset by an increase of 12% in average revenue per device. Average revenue per wireless device sold increased due to a continued shift in customer preference to higher priced smartphones.
Operating Expenses
System operations expenses (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion)
System operations expenses (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion) include charges from telecommunications service providers for U.S. Cellular's customers' use of their facilities, costs related to local interconnection to the wireline network, charges for cell site rent and maintenance of U.S. Cellular's network, long-distance charges, outbound roaming expenses and payments to third-party data product and platform developers.
10
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
System operations expenses increased $6.5 million, or 1%, to $769.9 million in 2014 and decreased $183.4 million, or 19%, to $763.4 million in 2013. Key components of the net changes in System operations expenses were as follows:
U.S. Cellular expects system operations expenses to increase in the future to support the continued growth in cell sites and other network facilities as it continues to add capacity, enhance quality and deploy new technologies as well as to support increases in total customer usage, particularly data usage. However, these increases are expected to be offset to some extent by cost savings generated by shifting data traffic to the 4G LTE network from the 3G network.
Cost of equipment sold
Cost of equipment sold increased $193.7 million, or 19%, in 2014 and $63.1 million, or 7% in 2013. In both years, the increase was driven primarily by an increase in the average cost per wireless device sold (22% in 2014 and 33% in 2013), which more than offset the impact of selling fewer devices. Average cost per device sold increased due to general customer preference for higher priced 4G LTE smartphones and tablets. Smartphones sold as a percentage of total devices sold were 73%, 68% and 56% in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The total number of devices sold decreased by 3% and 18% in 2014 and 2013, respectively, partially due to the Divestiture Transaction.
U.S. Cellular's loss on equipment, defined as equipment sales revenues less cost of equipment sold, was $697.9 million, $674.9 million and $582.7 million for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. U.S. Cellular expects loss on equipment to continue to be a significant cost in the foreseeable future as iconic data-centric wireless devices continue to increase in cost and wireless carriers continue to use device availability and pricing as a means of competitive differentiation. However, U.S. Cellular expects that sales of wireless devices under equipment installment plans and, for certain devices such as tablets, under non-subsidized plans, will offset loss on equipment to some degree.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses include salaries, commissions and expenses of field sales and retail personnel and facilities; telesales department salaries and expenses; agent commissions and
11
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
related expenses; corporate marketing and merchandise management; and advertising expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses also include bad debts expense, costs of operating customer care centers and corporate expenses.
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $85.5 million to $1,591.9 million in 2014 and by $87.5 million to $1,677.4 million in 2013. Key components of the net changes in Selling, general and administrative expenses were as follows:
2014
2013
Depreciation, amortization and accretion
Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense decreased $197.8 million, or 25%, in 2014, due primarily to the higher amount of accelerated depreciation, amortization and accretion in the Divestiture Markets that occurred in 2013. Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense increased $195.1 million, or 32%, in 2013 due primarily to the acceleration of depreciation, amortization and accretion in the Divestiture Markets. The impact of the acceleration was $13.1 million and $158.5 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The accelerated depreciation, amortization and accretion in the Divestiture Markets was completed in the first quarter of 2014.
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net was a loss of $21.5 million in 2014 and $30.6 million in 2013 due primarily to losses resulting from the write-off and disposals of certain network assets.
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net was a gain of $32.8 million in 2014 and $246.8 million in 2013, both primarily related to the Divestiture Transaction. See Note 6Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges was a net gain in 2014 resulting from the sale of the St. Louis area non-operating market license and the license exchanges primarily in Wisconsin, Oklahoma, North Carolina and Tennessee. The gain in 2013 resulted from the sale of the Mississippi Valley non-operating market license for $308.0 million, which resulted in a pre-tax gain of $250.6 million. See Note 6Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Components of Other Income (Expense)
Year Ended December 31,
|
2014 | Increase/ (Decrease) |
Percentage Change |
2013 | Increase/ (Decrease) |
Percentage Change |
2012 | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
$ | (143,390 | ) | $ | (290,255 | ) | >(100 | )% | $ | 146,865 | $ | (9,791 | ) | (6 | )% | $ | 156,656 | |||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities |
129,764 | (2,185 | ) | (2 | )% | 131,949 | 41,585 | 46 | % | 90,364 | ||||||||||||
Interest and dividend income |
12,148 | 8,187 | >100 | % | 3,961 | 317 | 9 | % | 3,644 | |||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on investments |
| (18,556 | ) | N/M | 18,556 | 22,274 | >100 | % | (3,718 | ) | ||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(57,386 | ) | 13,423 | 31 | % | (43,963 | ) | 1,570 | 4 | % | (42,393 | ) | ||||||||||
Other, net |
160 | (128 | ) | (44 | )% | 288 | (212 | ) | (42 | )% | 500 | |||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investment and other income |
84,686 | (26,105 | ) | (24 | )% | 110,791 | 62,394 | >100 | % | 48,397 | ||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes |
(58,704 | ) | (316,360 | ) | >(100 | )% | 257,656 | 52,603 | 26 | % | 205,053 | |||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
(11,782 | ) | (124,916 | ) | >(100 | )% | 113,134 | 49,157 | 77 | % | 63,977 | |||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) |
(46,922 | ) | (191,444 | ) | >(100 | )% | 144,522 | 3,446 | 2 | % | 141,076 | |||||||||||
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax |
(4,110 | ) | (8,594 | ) | >(100 | )% | 4,484 | (25,586 | ) | (85 | )% | 30,070 | ||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders |
$ | (42,812 | ) | $ | (182,850 | ) | >(100 | )% | $ | 140,038 | $ | 29,032 | 26 | % | $ | 111,006 | ||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities represents U.S. Cellular's share of net income from entities in which it has a noncontrolling interest and that are accounted for by the equity method.
U.S. Cellular's investment in the Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership ("LA Partnership") contributed $71.8 million, $78.4 million and $67.2 million to Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
On April 3, 2013, U.S. Cellular deconsolidated the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships and began reporting them as equity method investments in its consolidated financial statements as of that date. Equity in earnings of the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships was $29.0 million and $24.7 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 8Investments in Unconsolidated Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Interest and dividend income
In 2014, Interest and dividend income increased by $8.2 million due primarily to imputed interest income recognized on equipment installment plans. See Note 3Equipment Installment Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Gain (loss) on investments
In 2013, in connection with the deconsolidation of the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships, U.S. Cellular recognized a non-cash pre-tax gain of $18.5 million.
Interest expense
In 2014, interest expense increased by $13.4 million from 2013 due primarily to a decrease in capitalized interest related to network and systems projects. Interest cost capitalized was $6.2 million and $18.4 million for 2014 and 2013, respectively. Interest expense in 2013 as compared to 2012 was relatively flat.
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Income tax expense
The effective tax rates on Income before income taxes for 2014, 2013 and 2012 were 20.1%, 43.9% and 31.2%, respectively. The following significant discrete and other items impacted income tax expense for these years:
2014Includes tax expense of $6.4 million related to valuation allowance recorded against certain state deferred tax assets. The effective tax rate in 2014 is lower due to the effect of this item combined with the loss in 2014 in Income (loss) before income taxes.
2013Includes tax expense of $20.4 million related to the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation and the Divestiture Transaction, and a tax benefit of $5.4 million resulting from statute of limitation expirations.
2012Includes tax benefits of $12.1 million resulting from statute of limitation expirations and $5.3 million resulting from corrections relating to a prior period.
See Note 4Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of income tax expense and the overall effective tax rate on Income before income taxes.
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax
The decrease from 2013 to 2014 is due primarily to the elimination of the noncontrolling interest as a result of the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation on April 3, 2013 and lower income from certain partnerships in 2014.
Management believes that inflation affects U.S. Cellular's business to no greater or lesser extent than the general economy.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
See Note 1Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information on recently issued accounting pronouncements.
In general, recently issued accounting pronouncements did not have and are not expected to have a significant effect on U.S. Cellular's financial condition and results of operations, except for Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. U.S. Cellular is evaluating the effects of adoption of this standard on its financial condition and results of operations.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
CASH FLOWS
U.S. Cellular operates a capital-and marketing-intensive business. U.S. Cellular utilizes cash on hand, cash from operating activities, cash proceeds from divestitures and disposition of investments, short-term credit facilities and long-term debt financing to fund its acquisitions (including licenses), construction costs, operating expenses and share repurchases. Cash flows may fluctuate from quarter to quarter and year to year due to seasonality, the timing of acquisitions and divestitures, capital expenditures and other
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
factors. The table below and the following discussion summarize U.S. Cellular's cash flow activities in 2014, 2013 and 2012.
(Dollars in thousands) |
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cash flows from (used in) |
||||||||||
Operating activities |
$ | 172,342 | $ | 290,897 | $ | 899,291 | ||||
Investing activities |
(470,772 | ) | 172,749 | (896,611 | ) | |||||
Financing activities |
167,878 | (499,939 | ) | (48,477 | ) | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
$ | (130,552 | ) | $ | (36,293 | ) | $ | (45,797 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Cash flows from operating activities were $172.3 million in 2014 and $290.9 million in 2013. The net decrease reflected higher earnings excluding the gains recognized on the sale of businesses and the gains recognized on license sales and exchanges, which had the impact of improving cash flows from operating activities, more than offset by changes in working capital, which had the impact of decreasing cash flows from operating activities. Working capital factors which significantly decreased cash flows from operating activities included changes in accounts payable levels year-over-year as a result of timing differences related to operating expenses and device purchases. In December 2014, as part of the Tax Increase Prevention act of 2014, bonus depreciation was enacted which allowed U.S. Cellular to take certain additional deductions for depreciation resulting in a federal taxable loss in 2014. Such taxable loss will be carried back to prior tax years to refund tax amounts previously paid. Primarily as a result of this federal income tax carryback, U.S. Cellular has recorded $74.8 million of Income taxes receivable at December 31, 2014. U.S. Cellular paid income taxes of $33.3 million and $157.8 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively. In 2013, accounts receivable grew substantially due to issues resulting from the conversion to a new billing system. In 2014, the higher accounts receivable balances resulting from the billing system conversion decreased to more normal levels; however, this decrease was partially offset by increased receivables related to equipment installment plan sales which are expected to increase in the near term.
Cash flows from operating activities were $290.9 million in 2013 and $899.3 million in 2012. This decrease was due primarily to changes in accounts receivable, income tax payments (net of refunds), and inventory. The changes in accounts receivable balances were due primarily to billing delays encountered during the conversion to a new billing system in the third quarter of 2013. Net income tax payments of $157.8 million were recorded in 2013 compared to net income tax refunds of $58.6 million in 2012. The net refunds in 2012 were primarily related to a federal net operating loss in 2011 largely attributable to 100% bonus depreciation applicable to qualified capital expenditures. The change in inventory was due primarily to higher costs per unit related to 4G LTE smartphones.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
U.S. Cellular makes substantial investments to acquire wireless licenses and properties and to construct and upgrade wireless telecommunications networks and facilities as a basis for creating long-term value for shareholders. In recent years, rapid changes in technology and new opportunities have required substantial investments in potentially revenue-enhancing and cost-reducing upgrades of U.S. Cellular's networks.
Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment totaled $605.1 million, $717.9 million and $826.4 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and is reported in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Capital expenditures (i.e., additions to property, plant and equipment and system development expenditures), which include the effects of accruals and capitalized interest, totaled $557.6 million in 2014, $737.5 million in 2013 and $836.7 million in 2012. See "Capital Expenditures" below for additional information on capital expenditures.
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Cash payments for acquisitions of licenses were $38.2 million, $16.5 million and $122.7 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Cash received from divestitures in 2014, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:
Cash Received from Divestitures
|
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|
|
|||||||
Licenses |
$ | 91,789 | $ | 311,989 | $ | | ||||
Businesses |
88,053 | 499,131 | 49,932 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total |
$ | 179,842 | $ | 811,120 | $ | 49,932 | ||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
See Note 6Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to these acquisitions and divestitures.
In 2012, U.S. Cellular invested $120.0 million in U.S. Treasury Notes. U.S. Cellular realized cash proceeds of $50.0 million, $100.0 million, and $125.0 million in 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively, related to the maturities of its investments in U.S. Treasury Notes and corporate notes.
In 2014, cash used for investing activities includes a $60.0 million deposit made by Advantage Spectrum, L.P., a variable interest entity consolidated by U.S. Cellular, to the FCC for its participation in Auction 97. See Note 13Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Cash flows from financing activities include proceeds from and repayments of short-term and long-term debt, dividends to shareholders, distributions to noncontrolling interests, cash used to repurchase Common Shares and cash proceeds from reissuance of Common Shares pursuant to stock-based compensation plans.
In December 2014, U.S. Cellular issued $275.0 million of 7.25% Senior Notes due 2063, and paid related debt issuance costs of $9.2 million.
On September 10, 2014, U.S. Cellular purchased licenses from Airadigm Communications, Inc. ("Airadigm"). TDS owns 100% of the common stock of Airadigm. Upon closing, Airadigm transferred to U.S. Cellular FCC spectrum licenses and certain tower assets in certain markets in Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota and Michigan, in consideration for $91.5 million in cash. Since both parties to this transaction are controlled by TDS, U.S. Cellular recorded the transferred assets at Airadigm's net book value of $15.2 million. The $76.3 million difference between the consideration paid and the net book value of the transferred assets was recorded as an Acquisition of licenses in common control transaction cash outflow from financing activities. See Note 6Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to this transaction.
On June 25, 2013, U.S. Cellular paid a special cash dividend of $5.75 per share, for an aggregate amount of $482.3 million, to all holders of U.S. Cellular Common Shares and Series A Common Shares as of June 11, 2013. U.S. Cellular did not pay any dividends in 2014 or 2012.
Adjusted Free Cash Flow
The following table presents Adjusted free cash flow. Adjusted free cash flow is defined as Cash flows from operating activities (which includes cash outflows related to the Sprint decommissioning), as adjusted for cash proceeds from the Sprint Cost Reimbursement (which are included in Cash flows from investing activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows), less Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment. Adjusted free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure which U.S. Cellular believes may be useful to investors and other users of its financial information in evaluating the
16
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
amount of cash generated by business operations (including cash proceeds from the Sprint Cost Reimbursement), after Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment.
(Dollars in thousands) |
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cash flows from operating activities |
$ | 172,342 | $ | 290,897 | $ | 899,291 | ||||
Add: Sprint Cost Reimbursement(1) |
71,097 | 10,560 | | |||||||
Less: Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment |
605,083 | 717,862 | 826,400 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Adjusted free cash flow |
$ | (361,644 | ) | $ | (416,405 | ) | $ | 72,891 | ||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
See Cash flows from Operating Activities and Cash flows from Investing Activities for additional information related to the components of Adjusted free cash flow.
LIQUIDITY
U.S. Cellular believes that existing cash and investment balances, funds available under its revolving credit facility and term loan facility and expected cash flows from operating and investing activities provide substantial liquidity and financial flexibility for U.S. Cellular to meet its normal day-to-day operating needs. However, these resources may not be adequate to fund all future expenditures that the company could potentially elect to make such as acquisitions of spectrum licenses in FCC auctions and other acquisition, construction and development programs. It may be necessary from time to time to increase the size of the existing revolving credit facility, to put in place new facilities, or to obtain other forms of financing in order to fund these potential expenditures. To the extent that sufficient funds are not available to U.S. Cellular or its subsidiaries on terms or at prices acceptable to U.S. Cellular, it could require U.S. Cellular to reduce its acquisition, construction and development programs.
U.S. Cellular's profitability historically has been lower in the fourth quarter as a result of significant marketing and promotional activities during the holiday season. Additionally, U.S. Cellular expects lower cash flows from operating activities in the near term as the popularity of its equipment installment plans increases. U.S. Cellular cannot provide assurances that circumstances that could have a material adverse effect on its liquidity or capital resources will not occur. Economic conditions, changes in financial markets, U.S. Cellular financial performance and/or prospects or other factors could restrict U.S. Cellular's liquidity and availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to U.S. Cellular, which could require U.S. Cellular to reduce its capital expenditure, acquisition or share repurchase programs. Such reductions could have a material adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
At December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular's cash and cash equivalents totaled $211.5 million. Cash and cash equivalents include cash and short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The primary objective of U.S. Cellular's Cash and cash equivalents investment activities is to preserve principal. At December 31, 2014, the majority of U.S. Cellular's Cash and cash equivalents was held in bank deposit accounts and in money market funds that invest exclusively in U.S. Treasury Notes or in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by such obligations. U.S. Cellular monitors the financial viability of the money market funds and direct investments in which it invests and believes that the credit risk associated with these investments is low.
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Financing
Revolving Credit Facility
U.S. Cellular has a revolving credit facility available for general corporate purposes including spectrum purchases and capital expenditures, with a maximum borrowing capacity of $300.0 million. As of December 31, 2014, the unused capacity under this agreement was $282.5 million. The continued availability of the revolving credit facility requires U.S. Cellular to comply with certain negative and affirmative covenants, maintain certain financial ratios and make representations regarding certain matters at the time of each borrowing. The covenants also prescribe certain terms associated with intercompany loans from TDS or TDS subsidiaries to U.S. Cellular or U.S. Cellular subsidiaries. There were no intercompany loans at December 31, 2014 or 2013. U.S. Cellular believes that it was in compliance as of December 31, 2014 with all of the financial covenants and requirements set forth in its revolving credit facility.
See Note 11Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the revolving credit facility.
Term Loan Facility
On January 21, 2015, U.S. Cellular entered into a term loan credit facility relating to $225.0 million in debt. The term loan must be drawn in one or more advances by the six month anniversary of the date of the agreement; amounts not drawn by that time will cease to be available. Amounts repaid or prepaid under the term loan facility may not be reborrowed. The maturity date of the term loan would accelerate in the event of a change in control.
The term loan is available for general corporate purposes including spectrum purchases and capital expenditures. The term loan is unsecured except for a lien on all equity which U.S. Cellular may have in the loan administrative agent, CoBank ACB, subject to certain limitations. The continued availability of the term loan facility requires U.S. Cellular to comply with certain negative and affirmative covenants, maintain certain financial ratios and make representations regarding certain matters at the time of each borrowing, that are substantially the same as those in the U.S. Cellular revolving credit facility described above.
See Note 11Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the term loan facility.
Long-Term Financing
U.S. Cellular has an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 to issue senior or subordinated debt securities. The proceeds from any such issuance may be used for general corporate purposes, including: the possible reduction of other long-term debt, spectrum purchases, and capital expenditures; in connection with acquisition, construction and development programs; the reduction of short-term debt; for working capital; to provide additional investments in subsidiaries; or the repurchase of shares. The U.S. Cellular shelf registration statement permits U.S. Cellular to issue at any time and from time to time senior or subordinated debt securities in one or more offerings. The ability of U.S. Cellular to complete an offering pursuant to such shelf registration statement is subject to market conditions and other factors at the time.
In December 2014, U.S. Cellular sold and issued $275 million of 7.25% Senior Notes due in 2063 for general corporate purposes including spectrum purchases and capital expenditures, reducing the available amount on U.S. Cellular's shelf registration statement from $500 million to $225 million. U.S. Cellular has the authority to replenish this shelf registration statement back to $500 million.
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
U.S. Cellular believes that it was in compliance as of December 31, 2014 with all financial covenants and other requirements set forth in its long-term debt indentures. U.S. Cellular has not failed to make nor does it expect to fail to make any scheduled payment of principal or interest under such indentures.
The long-term debt principal payments due for the next five years represent less than 1% of the total long-term debt obligation at December 31, 2014. Refer to Market RiskLong-Term Debt for additional information regarding required principal payments and the weighted average interest rates related to U.S. Cellular's Long-term debt.
U.S. Cellular, at its discretion, may from time to time seek to retire or purchase its outstanding debt through cash purchases and/or exchanges for other securities, in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, tender offers, exchange offers or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.
See Note 11Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on Long-term financing.
Credit Rating
In certain circumstances, U.S. Cellular's interest cost on its revolving credit and term loan facilities may be subject to increase if its current credit ratings from nationally recognized credit rating agencies are lowered, and may be subject to decrease if the ratings are raised. U.S. Cellular's facilities do not cease to be available nor do the maturity dates accelerate solely as a result of a downgrade in credit rating. However, a downgrade U.S. Cellular's credit rating could adversely affect its ability to renew the facilities or obtain access to other credit facilities in the future.
In 2014, nationally recognized credit rating agencies downgraded the U.S. Cellular corporate and senior debt credit ratings. After these downgrades, U.S. Cellular is rated at sub-investment grade. U.S. Cellular's credit ratings as of December 31, 2014, and the dates such ratings were issued/re-affirmed were as follows:
Moody's (issued November 26, 2014) | Ba1 | negative outlook | ||
Standard & Poor's (issued November 24, 2014) | BB | stable outlook | ||
Fitch Ratings (re-affirmed November 24, 2014) | BB+ | stable outlook |
Capital Expenditures
U.S. Cellular's capital expenditures for 2015 are expected to be approximately $600 million. These expenditures are expected to be for the following general purposes:
U.S. Cellular plans to finance its capital expenditures program for 2015 using primarily Cash flows from operating activities and, as necessary, existing cash balances, short-term investments, borrowings under its revolving credit agreement, term loan and/or other long-term debt.
Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges
U.S. Cellular assesses its existing wireless interests on an ongoing basis with a goal of improving the competitiveness of its operations and maximizing its long-term return on investment. As part of this
19
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
strategy, U.S. Cellular reviews attractive opportunities to acquire additional wireless operating markets and wireless spectrum. In addition, U.S. Cellular may seek to divest outright or include in exchanges for other wireless interests those interests that are not strategic to its long-term success. As a result, U.S. Cellular may be engaged from time to time in negotiations relating to the acquisition, divestiture or exchange of companies, properties or wireless spectrum. In general, U.S. Cellular may not disclose such transactions until there is a definitive agreement. See Note 6Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to significant transactions, including expected pre-tax cash proceeds from such transactions in 2015.
Variable Interest Entities
U.S. Cellular consolidates certain entities because they are "variable interest entities" under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). See Note 13Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to these variable interest entities. U.S. Cellular may elect to make additional capital contributions and/or advances to these variable interest entities in future periods in order to fund their operations.
FCC Spectrum Auction 97
In January 2015, the FCC released the results of Auction 97. U.S. Cellular participated in Auction 97 indirectly through its limited partnership interest in Advantage Spectrum. Advantage Spectrum was the provisional winning bidder of 124 licenses for an aggregate bid of $338.3 million, net of its anticipated designated entity discount of 25%. On or prior to March 2, 2015, Advantage Spectrum is required to pay the FCC for its bid amount, less the initial deposit of $60.0 million, plus certain other charges totaling $2.3 million. Advantage Spectrum expects to fund this capital requirement with loans and contributions made by U.S. Cellular. U.S. Cellular plans to use a portion of the proceeds received from the issuance of its 7.25% Senior Notes and term loan facility to provide these loans and contributions to Advantage Spectrum.
Common Share Repurchase Program
In the past year, U.S. Cellular has repurchased and expects to continue to repurchase its Common Shares, subject to its repurchase program. For additional information related to the current repurchase authorization and repurchases made during 2014, 2013 and 2012, see Note 15Common Shareholders' Equity in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Part II, Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Contractual and Other Obligations
At December 31, 2014, the resources required for contractual obligations were as follows:
|
|
Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in millions) |
Total | Less Than 1 Year |
1 - 3 Years |
3 - 5 Years |
More Than 5 Years |
|||||||||||
Long-term debt obligations(1) |
$ | 1,161.0 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,161.0 | ||||||
Interest payments on long-term debt obligations |
2,762.8 | 80.2 | 160.4 | 160.4 | 2,361.8 | |||||||||||
Operating leases(2) |
1,278.6 | 139.3 | 233.5 | 165.3 | 740.5 | |||||||||||
Capital leases |
3.9 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 2.9 | |||||||||||
Purchase obligations(3) |
1,684.3 | 804.0 | 670.9 | 133.8 | 75.6 | |||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
$ | 6,890.6 | $ | 1,023.7 | $ | 1,065.2 | $ | 459.9 | $ | 4,341.8 | ||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
$11.3 million unamortized discount related to U.S. Cellular's 6.7% Senior Notes. See Note 11Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information
The table above excludes liabilities related to "unrecognized tax benefits" as defined by GAAP because U.S. Cellular is unable to predict the period of settlement of such liabilities. Such unrecognized tax benefits were $36.1 million at December 31, 2014. See Note 4Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on unrecognized tax benefits.
Agreements
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
U.S. Cellular had no transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements with unconsolidated entities involving "off-balance sheet arrangements," as defined by SEC rules, that had or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
U.S. Cellular prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. U.S. Cellular's significant accounting policies are discussed in detail in Note 1Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Management believes the application of the following critical accounting policies and the estimates required by such application reflect its most significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of U.S. Cellular's consolidated financial statements. Management has discussed the development and selection of each of the following accounting policies and related estimates and disclosures with the Audit Committee of U.S. Cellular's Board of Directors.
Intangible Asset Impairment
Goodwill and licenses represent a significant component of U.S. Cellular consolidated assets. These assets are considered to be indefinite lived assets and are therefore not amortized but tested annually for impairment. U.S. Cellular performs annual impairment testing of Goodwill and Licenses, as required by GAAP, as of November 1 of each year. Significant negative events, such as changes in any of the assumptions described below as well as decreases in forecasted cash flows, could result in an impairment in future periods.
See Note 7Intangible Assets in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information related to Goodwill and Licenses activity in 2014 and 2013.
Goodwill
Based on the results of the U.S. Cellular annual Goodwill impairment assessment performed as of November 1, 2014, the fair value of each of the reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values. Therefore, no impairment of Goodwill existed.
For purposes of impairment testing of Goodwill in 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular identified four reporting units based on geographic service areas.
A discounted cash flow approach was used to value each reporting unit, using value drivers and risks specific to the industry and current economic factors. The cash flow estimates incorporated assumptions that market participants would use in their estimates of fair value and may not be indicative of U.S. Cellular specific assumptions. However, the discount rate used in the analysis accounts for any additional risk a market participant might place on integrating U.S. Cellular into its operations at the level of cash flows assumed under this approach. The most significant assumptions made in this process were the revenue growth rate (shown as a compound annual growth rate in the table below), the terminal revenue growth rate, the discount rate and capital expenditures as a percentage of revenue (shown as a simple average in the table below). There are uncertainties associated with these key assumptions and potential events and/or circumstances that could have a negative effect on these key assumptions, which are described below. These assumptions were as follows:
Key Assumptions
|
November 1, 2014 |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
Revenue growth rate(1) |
1.6 | % | ||
Terminal revenue growth rate(1) |
2.0 | % | ||
Discount rate(2) |
10.5 | % | ||
Capital expenditures as a percentage of revenue(3) |
16.5 | % |
22
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
increases, this would decrease the estimated fair value of the reporting units. The weighted average cost of capital may increase if borrowing costs rise, market participants weight more of their capital structure towards equity (vs. debt), or other elements affecting the estimated cost of equity increase.
Provided all other assumptions remained the same, the discount rate would have to increase to a range of 11.1% to 12.5% to yield estimated fair values of reporting units that equal their respective carrying values at November 1, 2014. Further, assuming all other assumptions remained the same, the terminal growth rate assumptions would need to decrease to amounts ranging from negative 3.2% to positive 0.6% to yield estimates of fair value equal to the carrying values of the respective reporting unit at November 1, 2014.
The carrying value of each U.S. Cellular reporting unit as of November 1, 2014 and the percentage by which its estimated fair value exceeded carrying value was as follows:
Reporting Unit
|
Carrying Value |
Excess of estimated Fair Value over Carrying Value |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in millions) |
|||||||
Central Region |
$ | 1,793 | 10.1 | % | |||
Mid-Atlantic Region |
491 | 18.2 | % | ||||
New England Region |
202 | 30.0 | % | ||||
Northwest Region |
160 | 36.3 | % | ||||
| | | | | | | |
Total |
$ | 2,646 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Wireless Licenses
As of November 1, 2014, the estimated fair value of the licenses in each unit of accounting exceeded their carrying value. Therefore, no impairment of licenses existed. U.S. Cellular tests licenses for impairment at the level of reporting referred to as a unit of accounting. For purposes of its impairment testing of licenses as of November 1, 2014 and November 1, 2013, U.S. Cellular separated its FCC licenses into eleven units of accounting based on geographic service areas. In both 2014 and 2013, seven of the units of accounting represented geographic groupings of licenses which, because they were not being utilized and, therefore, were not expected to generate cash flows from operating activities in the foreseeable future, were considered separate units of accounting for purposes of impairment testing.
23
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Developed operating market licenses ("built licenses")
U.S. Cellular applies the build-out method to estimate the fair values of built licenses. The most significant assumptions applied for purposes of the licenses impairment assessment were as follows:
Key Assumptions
|
November 1, 2014 |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
Build-out period(1) |
5 years | |||
Discount rate(2) |
8.75 | % | ||
Terminal revenue growth rate |
2.0 | % | ||
Terminal capital expenditures as a percentage of revenue |
14.5 | % | ||
Customer penetration rates |
12.0-16.3 | % |
As of November 1, 2014, the fair values of the built licenses units of accounting exceeded their respective carrying values by amounts ranging from 12.8% to 42.9%. The discount rate would have to increase to a range of 9.0% to 9.3% to yield estimated fair values of licenses in the respective units of accounting that equal their respective carrying values at November 1, 2014.
Non-operating market licenses ("unbuilt licenses")
For purposes of performing impairment testing of unbuilt licenses, the fair value of the unbuilt licenses is assumed to have changed by the same percentage, and in the same direction, that the fair value of built licenses measured using the build-out method changed during the period. There was no impairment loss recognized related to unbuilt licenses as a result of the November 1, 2014 licenses impairment test.
24
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Carrying Value of Licenses
The carrying value of licenses at November 1, 2014 was as follows:
Unit of Accounting(1)
|
Carrying Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in millions) |
||||
Built licenses |
||||
Central Region |
$ | 804 | ||
Mid-Atlantic Region |
234 | |||
New England Region |
102 | |||
Northwest Region |
68 | |||
Unbuilt licenses |
||||
New England |
1 | |||
North Northwest |
3 | |||
South Northwest |
2 | |||
North Central |
51 | |||
South Central |
22 | |||
East Central |
87 | |||
Mid-Atlantic |
17 | |||
| | | | |
Total(2) |
$ | 1,391 | ||
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
Income Taxes
U.S. Cellular is included in a consolidated federal income tax return with other members of the TDS consolidated group. TDS and U.S. Cellular are parties to a Tax Allocation Agreement which provides that U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries be included with the TDS affiliated group in a consolidated federal income tax return and in state income or franchise tax returns in certain situations. For financial statement purposes, U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries calculate their income, income tax and credits as if they comprised a separate affiliated group. Under the Tax Allocation Agreement, U.S. Cellular remits its applicable income tax payments to TDS.
The amounts of income tax assets and liabilities, the related income tax provision and the amount of unrecognized tax benefits are critical accounting estimates because such amounts are significant to U.S. Cellular's financial condition and results of operations.
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires U.S. Cellular to calculate a provision for income taxes. This process involves estimating the actual current income tax liability together with assessing temporary differences resulting from the different treatment of items for tax purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred income tax assets and liabilities, which are included in U.S. Cellular's Consolidated Balance Sheet. U.S. Cellular must then assess the likelihood that deferred
25
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
income tax assets will be realized based on future taxable income and, to the extent management believes that realization is not likely, establish a valuation allowance. Management's judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes, deferred income tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance that is established for deferred income tax assets.
U.S. Cellular recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution.
See Note 4Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details regarding U.S. Cellular's income tax provision, deferred income taxes and liabilities, valuation allowances and unrecognized tax benefits, including information regarding estimates that impact income taxes.
Loyalty Reward Program
See the Revenue Recognition section of Note 1Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional description of this program and the related accounting.
U.S. Cellular follows the deferred revenue method of accounting for its loyalty reward program. Under this method, revenue allocated to loyalty reward points is deferred. The amount allocated to the loyalty points is based on the estimated retail price of the products and services for which points may be redeemed, as well as U.S. Cellular's estimate of the percentage of loyalty points that will be redeemed for each product or service. A significant change in any of the aforementioned assumptions used would impact the amount of revenue deferred and recognized under the loyalty reward program.
Revenue is recognized at the time of customer redemption or when such points have been depleted via an account maintenance charge. As a result of the accumulation of historical experience, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2013, U.S. Cellular began recognizing breakage under the proportional model. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2013, breakage was not recognized until incurred. Under the proportional model, U.S. Cellular allocates a portion of the estimated future breakage to each redemption and records revenue proportionally.
U.S. Cellular periodically reviews and if necessary, revises the redemption and depletion rates under this model as appropriate based on history and related future expectations. In 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular recognized $20.6 million and $16.8 million, respectively, in revenues related to estimated and actual breakage.
Equipment Installment Plans
U.S. Cellular offers customers the option to purchase certain devices under installment contracts over a period of up to 24 months and, under certain of these plans, offers the customer a trade-in right. Customers on an installment contract that elect to trade-in their device, will receive a credit in the amount of the outstanding balance of the installment contract, provided the subscriber trades-in an eligible used device in good working condition and purchases a new device from U.S. Cellular. Equipment revenue under these contracts is recognized at the time the device is delivered to the end-user customer for the selling price of the device, net of any deferred imputed interest or trade-in right, if applicable.
Trade-In Right
U.S. Cellular values the trade-in right as a guarantee liability. This liability is initially measured at fair value and is determined based on assumptions including the probability and timing of the customer upgrading to a new device and the estimated fair value of the used device eligible for trade-in. U.S. Cellular reevaluates its estimate of the guarantee liability at each reporting date. A significant change in any of
26
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
the aforementioned assumptions used to compute the guarantee liability would impact the amount of revenue recognized under these plans and the timing thereof. For the year ended December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular assumed the earliest contractual time of trade-in, or 12 months, for all customers on installment contracts with trade-in rights.
When a customer exercises the trade-in option, the difference between the outstanding receivable balance forgiven and the fair value of the used device is recorded as a reduction to the guarantee liability. If the customer does not exercise the trade-in option at the time he or she is eligible, U.S. Cellular begins amortizing the liability and records this amortization as additional operating revenue.
Interest
U.S. Cellular equipment installment plans do not provide for explicit interest charges. For equipment installment plans with a duration of greater than twelve months, U.S. Cellular imputes interest using a market rate and recognizes such interest income over the duration of the plan as a component of Interest and dividend income. Changes in the imputed interest rate would impact the amount of revenue recognized under these plans.
Allowance
U.S. Cellular maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that result from the failure of our customers to make payments due under the equipment installment plans. The allowance is estimated based on historical experience, account aging and other factors that could affect collectability. When it is probable that an account balance will not be collected, the account balance is charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts. To the extent that actual loss experience differs significantly from historical trends, the required allowance amounts could differ from the original estimates.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
See Note 18Related Parties and Note 19Certain Relationships and Related Transactions in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
27
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995
SAFE HARBOR CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and other sections of this Annual Report contain statements that are not based on historical facts, including the words "believes," "anticipates," "intends," "expects" and similar words. These statements constitute and represent "forward-looking statements" as this term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, events or developments to be significantly different from any future results, events or developments expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to, the following risks:
28
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
29
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
See "Risk Factors" in U.S. Cellular's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 for a further discussion of these risks. U.S. Cellular undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Readers should evaluate any statements in light of these important factors.
30
United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Long-Term Debt
As of December 31, 2014, the majority of U.S. Cellular's long-term debt was in the form of fixed-rate notes with maturities ranging up to 49 years. Fluctuations in market interest rates can lead to significant fluctuations in the fair value of these fixed-rate notes.
The following table presents the scheduled principal payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations, and the related weighted average interest rates by maturity dates at December 31, 2014:
|
Principal Payments Due by Period | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in millions) |
Long-Term Debt Obligations(1) |
Weighted-Avg. Interest Rates on Long-Term Debt Obligations(2) |
|||||
2015 |
$ | | 9.7 | % | |||
2016 |
0.1 | 9.7 | % | ||||
2017 |
0.1 | 9.7 | % | ||||
2018 |
0.1 | 9.7 | % | ||||
2019 |
0.1 | 9.7 | % | ||||
After 5 years |
1,162.7 | 6.9 | % | ||||
| | | | | | | |
Total |
$ | 1,163.1 | 6.9 | % | |||
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Fair Value of Long-Term Debt
At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the estimated fair value of long-term debt obligations, excluding capital lease obligations and the current portion of such long-term debt, was $1,122.1 million and $817.5 million, respectively. The fair value of long-term debt, excluding capital lease obligations and the current portion of such long-term debt, was estimated using market prices for the 6.95% Senior Notes at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and 7.25% Senior Notes at December 31, 2014 and a discounted cash flow analysis for the 6.7% Senior Notes at December 31, 2014 and 2013.
Other Market Risk Sensitive Instruments
The substantial majority of U.S. Cellular's other market risk sensitive instruments (as defined in item 305 of SEC Regulation S-K) are short-term, including Cash and cash equivalents. Accordingly, U.S. Cellular believes that a significant change in interest rates would not have a material effect on such other market risk sensitive instruments.
31
United States Cellular Corporation
Consolidated Statement of Operations
Year Ended December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts) |
|
|
|
|||||||
Operating revenues |
||||||||||
Service |
$ | 3,397,937 | $ | 3,594,773 | $ | 4,098,856 | ||||
Equipment sales |
494,810 | 324,063 | 353,228 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating revenues |
3,892,747 | 3,918,836 | 4,452,084 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses |
||||||||||
System operations (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below) |
769,911 | 763,435 | 946,805 | |||||||
Cost of equipment sold |
1,192,669 | 999,000 | 935,947 | |||||||
Selling, general and administrative (including charges from affiliates of $91.1 million, $99.2 million and $104.3 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012) |
1,591,914 | 1,677,395 | 1,764,933 | |||||||
Depreciation, amortization and accretion |
605,997 | 803,781 | 608,633 | |||||||
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net |
21,469 | 30,606 | 18,088 | |||||||
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net |
(32,830 | ) | (246,767 | ) | 21,022 | |||||
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges |
(112,993 | ) | (255,479 | ) | | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses |
4,036,137 | 3,771,971 | 4,295,428 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) |
(143,390 |
) |
146,865 |
156,656 |
||||||
Investment and other income (expense) |
||||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities |
129,764 | 131,949 | 90,364 | |||||||
Interest and dividend income |
12,148 | 3,961 | 3,644 | |||||||
Gain (loss) on investments |
| 18,556 | (3,718 | ) | ||||||
Interest expense |
(57,386 | ) | (43,963 | ) | (42,393 | ) | ||||
Other, net |
160 | 288 | 500 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total investment and other income (expense) |
84,686 | 110,791 | 48,397 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes |
(58,704 |
) |
257,656 |
205,053 |
||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
(11,782 | ) | 113,134 | 63,977 | ||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) |
(46,922 |
) |
144,522 |
141,076 |
||||||
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax |
(4,110 | ) | 4,484 | 30,070 | ||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders |
$ | (42,812 | ) | $ | 140,038 | $ | 111,006 | |||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |
84,213 |
83,968 |
84,645 |
|||||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders |
$ | (0.51 | ) | $ | 1.67 | $ | 1.31 | |||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |
84,213 |
84,730 |
85,230 |
|||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders |
$ | (0.51 | ) | $ | 1.65 | $ | 1.30 | |||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Special dividend per share to U.S. Cellular shareholders |
$ |
|
$ |
5.75 |
$ |
|
||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
32
United States Cellular Corporation
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|
|
|||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (46,922 | ) | $ | 144,522 | $ | 141,076 | |||
Add (deduct) adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||||
Depreciation, amortization and accretion |
605,997 | 803,781 | 608,633 | |||||||
Bad debts expense |
101,282 | 98,864 | 67,372 | |||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
22,383 | 15,844 | 21,466 | |||||||
Deferred income taxes, net |
57,604 | (75,348 | ) | 49,244 | ||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities |
(129,764 | ) | (131,949 | ) | (90,364 | ) | ||||
Distributions from unconsolidated entities |
112,336 | 125,660 | 84,417 | |||||||
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net |
21,469 | 30,606 | 18,088 | |||||||
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net |
(32,830 | ) | (246,767 | ) | 21,022 | |||||
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges |
(112,993 | ) | (255,479 | ) | | |||||
(Gain) loss on investments |
| (18,556 | ) | 3,718 | ||||||
Noncash interest expense |
1,155 | 1,059 | (1,822 | ) | ||||||
Other operating activities |
26 | 646 | 546 | |||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities from operations |
||||||||||
Accounts receivable |
12,547 | (291,168 | ) | (64,816 | ) | |||||
Equipment installment plans receivable |
(188,829 | ) | (591 | ) | | |||||
Inventory |
(28,878 | ) | (82,422 | ) | (28,786 | ) | ||||
Accounts payabletrade |
(95,587 | ) | 85,199 | (4,977 | ) | |||||
Accounts payableaffiliate |
(2,590 | ) | 147 | (1,458 | ) | |||||
Customer deposits and deferred revenues |
33,524 | 66,344 | 30,353 | |||||||
Accrued taxes |
(99,483 | ) | 30,037 | 73,064 | ||||||
Accrued interest |
1,307 | 273 | 167 | |||||||
Other assets and liabilities |
(59,412 | ) | (9,805 | ) | (27,652 | ) | ||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
|
172,342 | 290,897 | 899,291 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||||
Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment |
(605,083 | ) | (717,862 | ) | (826,400 | ) | ||||
Cash paid for acquisitions and licenses |
(38,150 | ) | (16,540 | ) | (122,690 | ) | ||||
Cash received from divestitures |
179,842 | 811,120 | 49,932 | |||||||
Cash paid for investments |
| | (120,000 | ) | ||||||
Cash received for investments |
50,000 | 100,000 | 125,000 | |||||||
Federal Communications Commission deposit |
(60,000 | ) | | | ||||||
Other investing activities |
2,619 | (3,969 | ) | (2,453 | ) | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
|
(470,772 | ) | 172,749 | (896,611 | ) | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||||
Issuance of long-term debt |
275,000 | | | |||||||
Repayment of borrowing under revolving credit facility |
(150,000 | ) | | | ||||||
Borrowing under revolving credit facility |
150,000 | | | |||||||
Common shares reissued for benefit plans, net of tax payments |
830 | 5,784 | (2,205 | ) | ||||||
Common shares repurchased |
(18,943 | ) | (18,544 | ) | (20,045 | ) | ||||
Payment of debt issuance costs |
(9,644 | ) | (23 | ) | (514 | ) | ||||
Acquisition of licenses in common control transaction |
(76,298 | ) | | | ||||||
Dividends paid |
| (482,270 | ) | | ||||||
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
(3,056 | ) | (3,766 | ) | (22,970 | ) | ||||
Payments to acquire additional interest in subsidiaries |
| (1,005 | ) | (3,167 | ) | |||||
Other financing activities |
(11 | ) | (115 | ) | 424 | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
|
167,878 | (499,939 | ) | (48,477 | ) | |||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
(130,552 |
) |
(36,293 |
) |
(45,797 |
) |
||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
||||||||||
Beginning of period |
342,065 | 378,358 | 424,155 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
End of period |
$ | 211,513 | $ | 342,065 | $ | 378,358 | ||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
33
United States Cellular Corporation
Consolidated Balance SheetAssets
December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|
|||||
Current assets |
|||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 211,513 | $ | 342,065 | |||
Short-term investments |
| 50,104 | |||||
Accounts receivable |
|||||||
Customers and agents, less allowances of $37,654 and $59,206, respectively |
466,048 | 467,255 | |||||
Roaming |
23,865 | 30,136 | |||||
Affiliated |
994 | 980 | |||||
Other, less allowances of $859 and $1,032, respectively |
66,051 | 88,224 | |||||
Inventory, net |
267,068 | 238,188 | |||||
Prepaid expenses |
59,744 | 65,596 | |||||
Net deferred income tax asset |
93,058 | 99,105 | |||||
Other current assets |
90,834 | 19,538 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
|
1,279,175 | 1,401,191 | |||||
Assets held for sale |
107,055 |
16,027 |
|||||
Investments |
|||||||
Licenses |
1,443,438 | 1,401,126 | |||||
Goodwill |
370,151 | 387,524 | |||||
Investments in unconsolidated entities |
283,014 | 265,585 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
|
2,096,603 | 2,054,235 | |||||
Property, plant and equipment |
|||||||
In service and under construction |
7,458,740 | 7,717,512 | |||||
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
4,730,523 | 4,860,992 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
|
2,728,217 | 2,856,520 | |||||
Other assets and deferred charges |
276,218 |
117,735 |
|||||
| | | | | | | |
Total assets |
$ | 6,487,268 | $ | 6,445,708 | |||
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
34
United States Cellular Corporation
Consolidated Balance SheetLiabilities and Equity
December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars and shares in thousands) |
|
|
|||||
Current liabilities |
|||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
$ | 46 | $ | 166 | |||
Accounts payable |
|||||||
Affiliated |
9,774 | 11,243 | |||||
Trade |
306,845 | 405,583 | |||||
Customer deposits and deferred revenues |
287,562 | 256,740 | |||||
Accrued taxes |
36,652 | 73,820 | |||||
Accrued compensation |
66,162 | 66,566 | |||||
Other current liabilities |
149,853 | 192,055 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
|
856,894 | 1,006,173 | |||||
Liabilities held for sale |
20,934 |
|
|||||
Deferred liabilities and credits |
|||||||
Net deferred income tax liability |
859,867 | 836,297 | |||||
Other deferred liabilities and credits |
284,002 | 315,073 | |||||
Long-term debt |
1,151,819 |
878,032 |
|||||
Commitments and contingencies |
|||||||
Noncontrolling interests with redemption features |
1,150 |
536 |
|||||
Equity |
|||||||
U.S. Cellular shareholders' equity |
|||||||
Series A Common and Common Shares |
|||||||
Authorized 190,000 shares (50,000 Series A Common and 140,000 Common Shares) |
|||||||
Issued 88,074 shares (33,006 Series A Common and 55,068 Common Shares) |
|||||||
Outstanding 84,080 shares (33,006 Series A Common and 51,074 Common Shares) and 84,205 shares (33,006 Series A Common and 51,199 Common Shares), respectively |
|||||||
Par Value ($1 per share) ($33,006 Series A Common and $55,068 Common Shares) |
88,074 | 88,074 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital |
1,472,558 | 1,424,729 | |||||
Treasury Shares, at cost, 3,994 and 3,869 Common Shares, respectively |
(169,139 | ) | (164,692 | ) | |||
Retained earnings |
1,910,498 | 2,043,095 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
Total U.S. Cellular shareholders' equity |
3,301,991 | 3,391,206 | |||||
Noncontrolling interests |
10,611 | 18,391 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
Total equity |
3,312,602 | 3,409,597 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and equity |
$ |
6,487,268 |
$ |
6,445,708 |
|||
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
35
United States Cellular Corporation
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
|
U.S. Cellular Shareholders | |
|
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
Series A Common and Common Shares |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Treasury Shares |
Retained Earnings |
Total U.S. Cellular Shareholders' Equity |
Noncontrolling Interests |
Total Equity |
|||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2013 |
$ | 88,074 | $ | 1,424,729 | $ | (164,692 | ) | $ | 2,043,095 | $ | 3,391,206 | $ | 18,391 | $ | 3,409,597 | |||||||
Add (Deduct) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders |
| | | (42,812 | ) | (42,812 | ) | | (42,812 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity |
| | | | | (4,787 | ) | (4,787 | ) | |||||||||||||
Repurchase of Common Shares |
| | (18,943 | ) | | (18,943 | ) | | (18,943 | ) | ||||||||||||
Incentive and compensation plans |
| | 14,496 | (13,518 | ) | 978 | | 978 | ||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation awards |
| 21,078 | | | 21,078 | | 21,078 | |||||||||||||||
Tax windfall (shortfall) from stock awards |
| (1,161 | ) | | | (1,161 | ) | | (1,161 | ) | ||||||||||||
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
| | | | | (2,993 | ) | (2,993 | ) | |||||||||||||
Acquisition of licenses in common control transaction |
| 29,141 | | (76,267 | ) | (47,126 | ) | | (47,126 | ) | ||||||||||||
Adjust investment in subsidiaries for noncontrolling interest purchases |
| (1,229 | ) | | | (1,229 | ) | | (1,229 | ) | ||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2014 |
$ | 88,074 | $ | 1,472,558 | $ | (169,139 | ) | $ | 1,910,498 | $ | 3,301,991 | $ | 10,611 | $ | 3,312,602 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
36
United States Cellular Corporation
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
|
U.S. Cellular Shareholders | |
|
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
Series A Common and Common Shares |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Treasury Shares |
Retained Earnings |
Total U.S. Cellular Shareholders' Equity |
Noncontrolling Interests |
Total Equity |
|||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2012 |
$ | 88,074 | $ | 1,412,453 | $ | (165,724 | ) | $ | 2,399,052 | $ | 3,733,855 | $ | 61,392 | $ | 3,795,247 | |||||||
Add (Deduct) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders |
| | | 140,038 | 140,038 | | 140,038 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity |
| | | | | 4,251 | 4,251 | |||||||||||||||
Common and Series A Common Shares dividends |
| | | (482,270 | ) | (482,270 | ) | | (482,270 | ) | ||||||||||||
Repurchase of Common Shares |
| | (18,544 | ) | | (18,544 | ) | | (18,544 | ) | ||||||||||||
Incentive and compensation plans |
| 222 | 19,576 | (13,725 | ) | 6,073 | | 6,073 | ||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation awards |
| 15,467 | | | 15,467 | | 15,467 | |||||||||||||||
Tax windfall (shortfall) from stock awards |
| (3,267 | ) | | | (3,267 | ) | | (3,267 | ) | ||||||||||||
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
| | | | | (3,576 | ) | (3,576 | ) | |||||||||||||
Adjust investment in subsidiaries for noncontrolling interest purchases |
| (146 | ) | | | (146 | ) | 94 | (52 | ) | ||||||||||||
Deconsolidation of partnerships |
| | | | | (43,770 | ) | (43,770 | ) | |||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2013 |
$ | 88,074 | $ | 1,424,729 | $ | (164,692 | ) | $ | 2,043,095 | $ | 3,391,206 | $ | 18,391 | $ | 3,409,597 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
37
United States Cellular Corporation
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
|
U.S. Cellular Shareholders | |
|
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
Series A Common and Common Shares |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Treasury Shares |
Retained Earnings |
Total U.S. Cellular Shareholders' Equity |
Noncontrolling Interests |
Total Equity |
|||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2011 |
$ | 88,074 | $ | 1,387,341 | $ | (152,817 | ) | $ | 2,297,363 | $ | 3,619,961 | $ | 55,956 | $ | 3,675,917 | |||||||
Add (Deduct) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders |
| | | 111,006 | 111,006 | | 111,006 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity |
| | | | | 30,019 | 30,019 | |||||||||||||||
Repurchase of Common Shares |
| | (20,045 | ) | | (20,045 | ) | | (20,045 | ) | ||||||||||||
Incentive and compensation plans |
| 137 | 7,138 | (9,317 | ) | (2,042 | ) | | (2,042 | ) | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation awards |
| 21,249 | | | 21,249 | | 21,249 | |||||||||||||||
Tax windfall (shortfall) from stock awards |
| (1,518 | ) | | | (1,518 | ) | | (1,518 | ) | ||||||||||||
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
| | | | | (22,970 | ) | (22,970 | ) | |||||||||||||
Adjust investment in subsidiaries for noncontrolling interest purchase |
| 5,244 | | | 5,244 | (1,586 | ) | 3,658 | ||||||||||||||
Other |
| | | | | (27 | ) | (27 | ) | |||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2012 |
$ | 88,074 | $ | 1,412,453 | $ | (165,724 | ) | $ | 2,399,052 | $ | 3,733,855 | $ | 61,392 | $ | 3,795,247 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
38
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
United States Cellular Corporation ("U.S. Cellular"), a Delaware Corporation, is an 84%-owned subsidiary of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. ("TDS").
Nature of Operations
U.S. Cellular owns, operates and invests in wireless systems throughout the United States. As of December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular served 4.8 million customers. U.S. Cellular has one reportable segment.
Principles of Consolidation
The accounting policies of U.S. Cellular conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). Unless otherwise specified, references to accounting provisions and GAAP in these notes refer to the requirements of the FASB ASC. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of U.S. Cellular, its majority-owned subsidiaries, general partnerships in which U.S. Cellular has a majority partnership interest and variable interest entities ("VIEs") in which U.S. Cellular is the primary beneficiary. Both VIE and primary beneficiary represent terms defined by GAAP.
Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2014 financial statement presentation. These reclassifications did not affect consolidated net income attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders, cash flows, assets, liabilities or equity for the years presented.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (a) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and (b) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates are involved in accounting for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, income taxes, the loyalty reward program and equipment installment plans.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts owed by customers for wireless services and equipment sales, including sales of certain devices under equipment installment plans, by agents for sales of equipment to them and by other wireless carriers whose customers have used U.S. Cellular's wireless systems.
The allowance for doubtful accounts is the best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses related to existing billed and unbilled accounts receivable. The allowance is estimated based on historical experience, account aging and other factors that could affect collectability. Accounts receivable balances are reviewed on either an aggregate or individual basis for collectability depending on the type of
39
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)
receivable. When it is probable that an account balance will not be collected, the account balance is charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts. U.S. Cellular does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.
The changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) |
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beginning balance |
$ | 60,238 | $ | 26,902 | $ | 23,537 | ||||
Additions, net of recoveries |
101,282 | 98,864 | 67,372 | |||||||
Deductions |
(116,942 | ) | (65,528 | ) | (64,007 | ) | ||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Ending balance(1) |
$ | 44,578 | $ | 60,238 | $ | 26,902 | ||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Inventory
Inventory consists primarily of wireless devices stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out method and market determined by replacement costs or estimated net realizable value.
Goodwill
U.S. Cellular has Goodwill as a result of its acquisitions of wireless businesses. Such Goodwill represents the excess of the total purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in these transactions.
U.S. Cellular performs its annual impairment assessment of Goodwill as of November 1 of each year. For purposes of conducting its Goodwill impairment test in 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular identified four reporting units. The four reporting units represent four geographic groupings of operating markets, representing four geographic service areas. A discounted cash flow approach was used to value each reporting unit for purposes of the Goodwill impairment review.
See Note 7Intangible Assets for additional details related to Goodwill.
Licenses
Licenses consist of direct and incremental costs incurred in acquiring Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") licenses to provide wireless service.
U.S. Cellular has determined that wireless licenses are indefinite-lived intangible assets and, therefore, not subject to amortization based on the following factors:
40
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)
compliance with FCC regulations are routinely granted. If, however, a license renewal application is challenged either by a competing applicant for the license or by a petition to deny the renewal application, the license will be renewed if the licensee can demonstrate its entitlement to a "renewal expectancy." Licensees are entitled to such an expectancy if they can demonstrate to the FCC that they have provided "substantial service" during their license term and have "substantially complied" with FCC rules and policies. U.S. Cellular believes that it is probable that its future license renewal applications will be granted.
U.S. Cellular performs its annual impairment assessment of its licenses as of November 1 of each year. For purposes of its 2014 and 2013 impairment testing of Licenses, U.S. Cellular separated its FCC licenses into eleven units of accounting based on geographic service areas. In both 2014 and 2013, seven of the units of accounting represented geographic groupings of licenses which, because they were not being utilized and, therefore, were not expected to generate cash flows from operating activities in the foreseeable future, were considered separate units of accounting for purposes of impairment testing. U.S. Cellular estimates the fair value of built licenses for purposes of impairment testing using the build-out method. The build-out method estimates the fair value of Licenses by discounting to present value the future cash flows calculated based on a hypothetical cost to build-out U.S. Cellular's network.
For units of accounting which consist of unbuilt licenses, the fair value of the unbuilt licenses is assumed to change by the same percentage, and in the same direction, that the fair value of built licenses measured using the build-out method changed during the period.
See Note 7Intangible Assets for additional details related to Licenses.
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
For its equity method investments for which financial information is readily available, U.S. Cellular records its equity in the earnings of the entity in the current period. For its equity method investments for which financial information is not readily available, U.S. Cellular records its equity in the earnings of the entity on a one quarter lag basis.
Property, Plant and Equipment
U.S. Cellular's Property, plant and equipment is stated at the original cost of construction or purchase including capitalized costs of certain taxes, payroll-related expenses, interest and estimated costs to remove the assets.
Expenditures that enhance the productive capacity of assets in service or extend their useful lives are capitalized and depreciated. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs of assets in service are charged to System operations expense or Selling, general and administrative expense, as applicable. Retirements and disposals of assets are recorded by removing the original cost of the asset (along with the related accumulated depreciation) from plant in service and charging it, together with net removal costs (removal costs less an applicable accrued asset retirement obligation and salvage value realized), to (Gain) loss on asset disposals, net.
U.S. Cellular capitalizes certain costs of developing new information systems.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the related asset.
U.S. Cellular depreciates leasehold improvement assets associated with leased properties over periods ranging from one to thirty years; such periods approximate the shorter of the assets' economic lives or the specific lease terms.
41
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)
Useful lives of specific assets are reviewed throughout the year to determine if changes in technology or other business changes would warrant accelerating the depreciation of those specific assets. Due to the Divestiture Transaction more fully described in Note 6Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges, U.S. Cellular changed the useful lives of certain assets in 2013 and 2012. Other than the Divestiture Transaction, there were no other material changes to useful lives of property, plant and equipment in 2014, 2013 or 2012. See Note 9Property, Plant and Equipment for additional details related to useful lives.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
U.S. Cellular reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired.
U.S. Cellular has one asset group for purposes of assessing property, plant and equipment for impairment based on the fact that the individual operating markets are reliant on centrally operated data centers, mobile telephone switching offices and network operations center. U.S. Cellular operates a single integrated national wireless network, and the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities represent cash flows generated by this single interdependent network.
Agent Liabilities
U.S. Cellular has relationships with agents, which are independent businesses that obtain customers for U.S. Cellular. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular had accrued $95.3 million and $121.3 million, respectively, for amounts due to agents. This amount is included in Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Other Assets and Deferred Charges
Other assets and deferred charges include underwriters' and legal fees and other charges related to issuing U.S. Cellular's various borrowing instruments and other long-term agreements, and are amortized over the respective term of each instrument. The amounts of deferred charges included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2014 and 2013, are shown net of accumulated amortization of $34.2 million and $26.0 million, respectively. At December 31, 2014, Other assets and deferred charges includes a $60.0 million deposit made by Advantage Spectrum L.P. to the FCC to participate in Auction 97. See Note 13Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
Asset Retirement Obligations
U.S. Cellular accounts for asset retirement obligations by recording the fair value of a liability for legal obligations associated with an asset retirement in the period in which the obligations are incurred. At the time the liability is incurred, U.S. Cellular records a liability equal to the net present value of the estimated cost of the asset retirement obligation and increases the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset by an equal amount. Until the obligation is fulfilled, U.S. Cellular updates its estimates relating to cash flows required and timing of settlement. U.S. Cellular records the present value of the changes in the future value as an increase or decrease to the liability and the related carrying amount of the long-lived asset. The liability is accreted to future value over a period ending with the estimated settlement date of the respective asset retirement obligation. The carrying amount of the long-lived asset is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the obligation, any difference between the cost to retire the asset and the recorded liability is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
42
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)
Treasury Shares
Common Shares repurchased by U.S. Cellular are recorded at cost as treasury shares and result in a reduction of equity. Treasury shares are reissued as part of U.S. Cellular's stock-based compensation programs. When treasury shares are reissued, U.S. Cellular determines the cost using the first-in, first-out cost method. The difference between the cost of the treasury shares and reissuance price is included in Additional paid-in capital or Retained earnings.
Revenue Recognition
Revenues related to services are recognized as services are rendered. Revenues billed in advance or in arrears of the services being provided are estimated and deferred or accrued, as appropriate.
Revenues from sales of equipment and accessories are recognized when title and risk of loss passes to the agent or end-user customer.
Multiple Deliverable Arrangements
U.S. Cellular sells multiple element service and equipment offerings. In these instances, revenues are allocated using the relative selling price method. Under this method, arrangement consideration, which consists of the amounts billed to the customer net of any cash-based discounts, is allocated to each element on the basis of its relative selling price. Revenue recognized for the delivered items is limited to the amount due from the customer that is not contingent upon the delivery of additional products or services.
Loyalty Reward Program
U.S. Cellular follows the deferred revenue method of accounting for its loyalty reward program. Under this method, revenue allocated to loyalty reward points is deferred. The amount allocated to the loyalty points is based on the estimated retail price of the products and services for which points may be redeemed divided by the number of loyalty points required to receive such products and services. This is calculated on a weighted average basis and requires U.S. Cellular to estimate the percentage of loyalty points that will be redeemed for each product or service.
As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular had deferred revenue related to loyalty reward points outstanding of $94.6 million and $116.2 million, respectively. These amounts are recorded in Customer deposits and deferred revenues (a current liability account) in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, as customers may redeem their reward points within the current period.
Revenue is recognized at the time of customer redemption or when such points have been depleted via an account maintenance charge. U.S. Cellular employs the proportional model to recognize revenues associated with breakage. Under the proportional model, U.S. Cellular allocates a portion of the estimated future breakage to each redemption and records revenue proportionally. U.S. Cellular periodically reviews and revises the redemption and depletion rates to estimate future breakage as appropriate based on history and related future expectations.
In the fourth quarter of 2013, U.S. Cellular issued loyalty reward points with a value of $43.5 million as a loyalty bonus in recognition of the inconvenience experienced by customers during U.S. Cellular's billing system conversion in 2013. The value of the loyalty bonus reduced Service revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and increased Customer deposits and deferred revenues in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
43
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)
Equipment Installment Plans
Equipment revenue under equipment installment plan contracts is recognized at the time the device is delivered to the end-user customer for the selling price of the device, net of any deferred imputed interest or trade-in right, if applicable. Imputed interest is reflected as a reduction to the receivable balance and recognized over the duration of the plan as a component of Interest and dividend income. See Note 3Equipment Installment Plans for additional information.
Incentives
Discounts and incentives are recognized as a reduction of Operating revenues concurrently with the associated revenue, and are allocated to the various products and services in the bundled offering based on their respective relative selling price.
U.S. Cellular issues rebates to its agents and end customers. These incentives are recognized as a reduction to revenue at the time the wireless device sale to the agent or customer occurs, respectively. The total potential rebates and incentives are reduced by U.S. Cellular's estimate of rebates that will not be redeemed by customers based on historical experience of such redemptions.
Activation Fees
U.S. Cellular charges its end customers activation fees in connection with the sale of certain services and equipment. Device activation fees charged at U.S. Cellular agent locations, where U.S. Cellular does not also sell a wireless device to the customer, are deferred and recognized over the average device life. Device activation fees charged as a result of device sales at U.S. Cellular company-owned retail stores are recognized at the time the device is delivered to the customer.
Amounts Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental AuthoritiesGross vs. Net
U.S. Cellular records amounts collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities net within a tax liability account if the tax is assessed upon the customer and U.S. Cellular merely acts as an agent in collecting the tax on behalf of the imposing governmental authority. If the tax is assessed upon U.S. Cellular, then amounts collected from customers as recovery of the tax are recorded in Service revenues and amounts remitted to governmental authorities are recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The amounts recorded gross in revenues that are billed to customers and remitted to governmental authorities totaled $97.0 million, $114.7 million and $135.7 million for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Eligible Telecommunications Carrier ("ETC") Revenues
Telecommunications companies may be designated by states, or in some cases by the FCC, as an ETC to receive support payments from the Universal Service Fund if they provide specified services in "high cost" areas. ETC revenues recognized in the reporting period represent the amounts which U.S. Cellular is entitled to receive for such period, as determined and approved in connection with U.S. Cellular's designation as an ETC in various states.
Advertising Costs
U.S. Cellular expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs totaled $204.9 million, $199.9 million and $227.0 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
44
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)
Income Taxes
U.S. Cellular is included in a consolidated federal income tax return with other members of the TDS consolidated group. TDS and U.S. Cellular are parties to a Tax Allocation Agreement which provides that U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries be included with the TDS affiliated group in a consolidated federal income tax return and in state income or franchise tax returns in certain situations. For financial statement purposes, U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries calculate their income, income taxes and credits as if they comprised a separate affiliated group. Under the Tax Allocation Agreement, U.S. Cellular remits its applicable income tax payments to TDS. U.S. Cellular had a tax receivable balance with TDS of $74.3 million and a tax payable balance of $34.8 million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Deferred taxes are computed using the liability method, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for future deductible temporary differences and operating loss carryforwards, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for future taxable temporary differences. Both deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates anticipated to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. U.S. Cellular evaluates income tax uncertainties, assesses the probability of the ultimate settlement with the applicable taxing authority and records an amount based on that assessment.
Stock-Based Compensation
U.S. Cellular has established a long-term incentive plan and a Non-Employee Director compensation plan. These plans are described more fully in Note 16Stock-based Compensation. These plans are considered compensatory plans and, therefore, recognition of compensation cost for grants made under these plans is required.
U.S. Cellular values its share-based payment transactions using a Black-Scholes valuation model. Stock-based compensation cost recognized during the period is based on the portion of the share-based payment awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Accordingly, stock-based compensation cost recognized has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Pre-vesting forfeitures and expected life are estimated based on historical experience related to similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior. U.S. Cellular believes that its historical experience provides the best estimates of future pre-vesting forfeitures and future expected life. The expected volatility assumption is based on the historical volatility of U.S. Cellular's common stock over a period commensurate with the expected life. The dividend yield assumption is zero because U.S. Cellular has never paid a dividend, except a special cash dividend in June 2013, and has expressed its intention to retain all future earnings in the business. The risk-free interest rate assumption is determined using the U.S. Treasury Yield Curve Rate with a term length that approximates the expected life of the stock options.
The fair value of options is recognized as compensation cost over the respective requisite service period of the awards, which is generally the vesting period, on a straight-line basis for each separate vesting portion of the awards as if the awards were, in-substance, multiple awards (graded vesting attribution method).
45
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)
Defined Contribution Plans
U.S. Cellular participates in a qualified noncontributory defined contribution pension plan sponsored by TDS; such plan provides pension benefits for the employees of U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries. Under this plan, pension benefits and costs are calculated separately for each participant and are funded currently. Pension costs were $10.6 million, $10.4 million and $12.4 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
U.S. Cellular also participates in a defined contribution retirement savings plan ("401(k) plan") sponsored by TDS. Total costs incurred for U.S. Cellular's contributions to the 401(k) plan were $14.9 million, $15.4 million and $17.1 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
On April 10, 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity ("ASU 2014-08"). ASU 2014-08 changes the requirements and disclosures for reporting discontinued operations. U.S. Cellular was required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-08 effective January 1, 2015, but early adoption was permitted. U.S. Cellular adopted the provisions of ASU 2014-08 upon its issuance. The adoption of ASU 2014-08 did not have a significant impact on U.S. Cellular's financial position or results of operations.
On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 outlines a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. U.S. Cellular is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-09 effective January 1, 2017. Early adoption is prohibited. U.S. Cellular is evaluating what effects the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on U.S. Cellular's financial position and results of operations.
On August 27, 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern ("ASU 2014-15"). ASU 2014-15 requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date financial statements are issued and provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going concern uncertainties in financial statements. U.S. Cellular is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-15 effective January 1, 2016, but early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2014-15 is not expected to impact U.S. Cellular's financial position or results of operations.
On January 9, 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-01, Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items ("ASU 2015-01"). ASU 2015-01 eliminates from GAAP the requirement to separately classify, present and disclose extraordinary events and transactions. U.S. Cellular is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2015-01 effective January 1, 2016, but early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2015-01 is not expected to impact U.S. Cellular's financial position or results of operations.
On February 18, 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-02, Consolidation: Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis ("ASU 2015-02"). ASU 2015-02 simplifies consolidation accounting by reducing the number of consolidation models and changing various aspects of current GAAP, including certain consolidation criteria for variable interest entities. U.S. Cellular is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2015-02 effective January 1, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. U.S. Cellular is still assessing the impact, if any, the adoption of ASU 2015-02 will have on U.S. Cellular's financial position or results of operations.
46
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 2 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular did not have any financial or nonfinancial assets or liabilities that were required to be recorded at fair value in its Consolidated Balance Sheet in accordance with GAAP.
The provisions of GAAP establish a fair value hierarchy that contains three levels for inputs used in fair value measurements. Level 1 inputs include quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in inactive markets. Level 3 inputs are unobservable. A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is not representative of its expected performance or its overall risk profile and, therefore, Level 3 assets are not necessarily higher risk than Level 2 assets or Level 1 assets.
U.S. Cellular has applied the provisions of fair value accounting for purposes of computing the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes as displayed below.
|
|
December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Level within the Fair Value Hierarchy |
|||||||||||||||
|
Book Value | Fair Value | Book Value | Fair Value | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
1 | $ | 211,513 | $ | 211,513 | $ | 342,065 | $ | 342,065 | |||||||
Short-term investments |
||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury Notes |
1 | | | 50,104 | 50,104 | |||||||||||
Long-term debt |
||||||||||||||||
Retail |
2 | 617,000 | 608,462 | 342,000 | 309,852 | |||||||||||
Institutional |
2 | 532,722 | 513,647 | 532,449 | 507,697 |
Short-term investments are designated as held-to-maturity investments and recorded at amortized cost in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. For these investments, U.S. Cellular's objective is to earn a higher rate of return on funds that are not anticipated to be required to meet liquidity needs in the near term, while maintaining a low level of investment risk.
The fair values of Cash and cash equivalents and Short-term investments approximate their book values due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments. Long-term debt excludes capital lease obligations and the current portion of Long-term debt. The fair value of "Retail" Long-term debt was estimated using market prices for the 6.95% Senior Notes and 7.25% Senior Notes. U.S. Cellular's "Institutional" debt consists of the 6.7% Senior Notes which are traded over the counter. U.S. Cellular estimated the fair value of its Institutional debt through a discounted cash flow analysis using an estimated yield to maturity of 7.25% and 7.35% at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
NOTE 3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLMENT PLANS
U.S. Cellular offers customers the option to purchase certain devices under equipment installment contracts over a period of up to 24 months. For certain equipment installment plans, after a specified period of time, the customer may have the right to upgrade to a new device and have the remaining unpaid equipment installment contract balance waived, subject to certain conditions, including trading in the original device in good working condition and signing a new equipment installment contract. U.S. Cellular values this trade-in right as a guarantee liability. The guarantee liability is initially measured at fair value and is determined based on assumptions including the probability and timing of the customer upgrading to a new device and the fair value of the device being traded-in at the time of trade-in. As of December 31, 2014, the guarantee liability related to these plans was $57.5 million and is reflected in Customer deposits and deferred revenues in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
47
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLMENT PLANS (Continued)
U.S. Cellular equipment installment plans do not provide for explicit interest charges. For equipment installment plans with duration of greater than twelve months, U.S. Cellular imputes interest.
The following table summarizes the unbilled equipment installment plan receivables as of December 31, 2014 and 2013. Such amounts are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as Accounts receivablecustomers and agents and Other assets and deferred charges, where applicable.
(Dollars in thousands) |
December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross |
$ | 127,400 | $ | 611 | |||
Short-term portion of unbilled deferred interest |
(16,365 | ) | | ||||
Short-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses |
(3,686 | ) | (20 | ) | |||
| | | | | | | |
Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net |
$ | 107,349 | $ | 591 | |||
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross |
$ | 89,435 | $ | | |||
Long-term portion of unbilled deferred interest |
(2,791 | ) | | ||||
Long-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses |
(6,065 | ) | | ||||
| | | | | | | |
Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net |
$ | 80,579 | $ | | |||
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
U.S. Cellular considers the collectability of the equipment installment plan receivables based on historical payment experience, account aging and other qualitative factors. The credit profiles of U.S. Cellular's customers on equipment installment plans are similar to those of U.S. Cellular customers with traditional subsidized plans. Customers with a higher risk credit profile are required to make a deposit for equipment purchased through an installment contract.
NOTE 4 INCOME TAXES
U.S. Cellular is included in a consolidated federal income tax return and in certain state income tax returns with other members of the TDS consolidated group. For financial statement purposes, U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries compute their income tax expense as if they comprised a separate affiliated group and were not included in the TDS consolidated group.
U.S. Cellular's current income taxes balances at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:
December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|||||||
Federal income taxes receivable (payable) |
$ | 73,510 | $ | (32,351 | ) | ||
Net state income taxes receivable (payable) |
1,199 | (1,545 | ) |
48
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 4 INCOME TAXES (Continued)
Income tax expense (benefit) is summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||
Current |
||||||||||
Federal |
$ | (77,931 | ) | $ | 180,056 | $ | 10,547 | |||
State |
8,545 | 8,426 | 4,186 | |||||||
Deferred |
||||||||||
Federal |
44,881 | (69,917 | ) | 54,490 | ||||||
State |
6,276 | (5,431 | ) | (5,246 | ) | |||||
Statevaluation allowance adjustment |
6,447 | | | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
|
$ | (11,782 | ) | $ | 113,134 | $ | 63,977 | |||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
A reconciliation of U.S. Cellular's income tax expense computed at the statutory rate to the reported income tax expense, and the statutory federal income tax expense rate to U.S. Cellular's effective income tax expense rate is as follows:
|
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year Ended December 31,
|
Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Statutory federal income tax expense and rate |
$ | (20.5 | ) | 35.0 | % | $ | 90.2 | 35.0 | % | $ | 71.8 | 35.0 | % | ||||||
State income taxes, net of federal benefit(1) |
12.2 | (20.8 | ) | 5.2 | 2.0 | 3.7 | 1.8 | ||||||||||||
Effect of noncontrolling interests |
(5.8 | ) | 9.8 | (2.2 | ) | (0.9 | ) | (6.3 | ) | (3.1 | ) | ||||||||
Gains (losses) on investments and sale of assets(2) |
| | 20.5 | 8.0 | | | |||||||||||||
Correction of deferred taxes(3) |
| | | | (5.3 | ) | (2.6 | ) | |||||||||||
Other differences, net |
2.3 | (3.9 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (0.2 | ) | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total income tax expense and rate |
$ | (11.8 | ) | 20.1 | % | $ | 113.1 | 43.9 | % | $ | 64.0 | 31.2 | % | ||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
49
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 4 INCOME TAXES (Continued)
Significant components of U.S. Cellular's deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:
December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|||||||
Deferred tax assets |
|||||||
Current deferred tax assets |
$ | 96,886 | $ | 102,088 | |||
Net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards |
72,878 | 61,294 | |||||
Stock-based compensation |
21,072 | 19,028 | |||||
Compensation and benefitsother |
2,586 | 3,746 | |||||
Deferred rent |
18,513 | 19,462 | |||||
Other |
26,116 | 24,604 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
Total deferred tax assets |
238,051 | 230,222 | |||||
Less valuation allowance |
(53,119 | ) | (43,375 | ) | |||
| | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax assets |
184,932 | 186,847 | |||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
|||||||
Property, plant and equipment |
520,723 | 503,491 | |||||
Licenses/intangibles |
275,456 | 282,764 | |||||
Partnership investments |
149,371 | 133,931 | |||||
Other |
4,135 | 3,853 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
Total deferred tax liabilities |
949,685 | 924,039 | |||||
| | | | | | | |
Net deferred income tax liability |
$ | 764,753 | $ | 737,192 | |||
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular and certain subsidiaries had $1,439.4 million of state NOL carryforwards (generating a $59.4 million deferred tax asset) available to offset future taxable income. The state NOL carryforwards expire between 2015 and 2034. Certain subsidiaries had federal NOL carryforwards (generating a $13.5 million deferred tax asset) available to offset their future taxable income. The federal NOL carryforwards expire between 2018 and 2034. A valuation allowance was established for certain state NOL carryforwards and federal NOL carryforwards since it is more likely than not that a portion of such carryforwards will expire before they can be utilized.
A summary of U.S. Cellular's deferred tax asset valuation allowance is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) |
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance at January 1, |
$ | 43,375 | $ | 41,295 | $ | 30,261 | ||||
Charged to income tax expense |
9,744 | (1,527 | ) | 3,033 | ||||||
Charged to other accounts |
| 3,607 | 8,001 | |||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, |
$ | 53,119 | $ | 43,375 | $ | 41,295 | ||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2014, the valuation allowance reduced current deferred tax assets by $3.8 million and noncurrent deferred tax assets by $49.2 million.
50
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 4 INCOME TAXES (Continued)
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) |
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at January 1, |
$ | 28,813 | $ | 26,460 | $ | 28,745 | ||||
Additions for tax positions of current year |
7,766 | 5,925 | 6,656 | |||||||
Additions for tax positions of prior years |
154 | 1,501 | 854 | |||||||
Reductions for tax positions of prior years |
(554 | ) | (45 | ) | (115 | ) | ||||
Reductions for settlements of tax positions |
| (576 | ) | | ||||||
Reductions for lapses in statutes of limitations |
(104 | ) | (4,452 | ) | (9,680 | ) | ||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31, |
$ | 36,075 | $ | 28,813 | $ | 26,460 | ||||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Unrecognized tax benefits are included in Accrued taxes and Other deferred liabilities and credits in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. If these benefits were recognized, they would have reduced income tax expense in 2014, 2013 and 2012 by $23.4 million, $18.7 million and $17.2 million, respectively, net of the federal benefit from state income taxes. As of December 31, 2014, it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits could decrease by approximately $10 million in the next twelve months. The nature of the uncertainty relates primarily to state income tax positions and their resolution or the expiration of statutes of limitation.
U.S. Cellular recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in Income tax expense. The amounts charged to income tax expense related to interest and penalties resulted in an expense of $3.5 million and $0.6 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively, and a benefit of $2.2 million in 2012. Net accrued interest and penalties were $16.2 million and $12.3 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
U.S. Cellular is included in TDS' consolidated federal income tax return. U.S. Cellular also files various state and local income tax returns. The TDS consolidated group remains subject to federal income tax audits for the tax years after 2011. With only a few exceptions, TDS is no longer subject to state income tax audits for years prior to 2010.
NOTE 5 EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period adjusted to include the effects of potentially dilutive securities. Potentially dilutive securities primarily include incremental shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and the vesting of restricted stock units.
51
United States Cellular Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
NOTE 5 EARNINGS PER SHARE (Continued)
The amounts used in computing earnings (loss) per common share and the effects of potentially dilutive securities on the weighted average number of common shares were as follows:
Year ended December 31,
|
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except earnings per share) |
||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders |
$ | (42,812 | ) | $ | 140,038 | $ | 111,006 | |||
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of shares used in basic earnings (loss) per share |
84,213 | 83,968 | 84,645 | |||||||
Effect of dilutive securities: |
||||||||||
Stock options(1) |
| 211 | 184 | |||||||