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UNITED STATES CELLULAR CORPORATION

ANNUAL REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014
Pursuant to SEC Rule 14a-3

The following audited financial statements and certain other financial information for the year ended December 31, 2014, represent U.S. Cellular's annual report to shareholders as required by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

The following information was filed with the SEC on February 25, 2015 as Exhibit 13 to U.S. Cellular's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. Such information has not been updated or revised since the date it was originally filed with the SEC. Accordingly, you are encouraged to review such information together with any subsequent information that we have filed with the SEC and other publicly available information.



Exhibit 13


United States Cellular Corporation and Subsidiaries

Financial Reports Contents

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

  1

Overview

  1

Regulatory Matters

  4

Results of Operations

  6

Inflation

  14

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

  14

Liquidity and Capital Resources

  14

Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

  21

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

  27

Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 Safe Harbor Cautionary Statement

  28

Market Risk

  31

Consolidated Statement of Operations

  32

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

  33

Consolidated Balance Sheet—Assets

  34

Consolidated Balance Sheet—Liabilities and Equity

  35

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

  36

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

  39

Reports of Management

  76

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

  78

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

  79

Consolidated Quarterly Information (Unaudited)

  80

Shareholder Information

  81


United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

United States Cellular Corporation ("U.S. Cellular") owns, operates and invests in wireless markets throughout the United States. U.S. Cellular is an 84%-owned subsidiary of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. ("TDS").

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with U.S. Cellular's audited consolidated financial statements and the description of U.S. Cellular's business included in Item 1 of the U.S. Cellular Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Form 10-K") for the year ended December 31, 2014. The discussion and analysis contained herein refers to consolidated data and results of operations, unless otherwise noted.

OVERVIEW

The following is a summary of certain selected information contained in the comprehensive Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations that follows. The overview does not contain all of the information that may be important. You should carefully read the entire Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and not rely solely on the overview.

In its consolidated operating markets, U.S. Cellular serves approximately 4.8 million customers in 23 states. As of December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular's average penetration rate in its consolidated operating markets was 15.0%. U.S. Cellular operates on a customer satisfaction strategy, striving to meet or exceed customer needs by providing a comprehensive range of wireless products and services, excellent customer support, and a high-quality network. U.S. Cellular's business development strategy is to obtain interests in and access to wireless licenses in its current operating markets and in areas that are adjacent to or in close proximity to its other wireless licenses, thereby building contiguous operating market areas with strong spectrum positions. U.S. Cellular believes that the acquisition of additional licenses within its current operating markets will enhance its network capacity to meet its customers' increased demand for data services. In addition, U.S. Cellular anticipates that grouping its operations into market areas will continue to provide it with certain economies in its capital and operating costs.

Financial and operating highlights in 2014 included the following:

Total customers were 4,760,000 at December 31, 2014, including 4,646,000 retail customers (98% of total).

Beginning in the second quarter of 2014, U.S. Cellular expanded its offerings for equipment installment plans. In 2014, 24% of total device sales to postpaid customers were made under equipment installment plans.

In December 2014, U.S. Cellular sold $275 million of 7.25% Unsecured Senior Notes due 2063 and will use the proceeds for general corporate purposes, including spectrum purchases and capital expenditures. See Note 11—Debt for additional details.

In December 2014, U.S. Cellular entered into an agreement to sell 595 towers outside of its Core Markets for approximately $159 million. Concurrently, U.S. Cellular closed on the sale of 236 towers, without tenants, for $10.0 million, recorded a gain of $3.8 million to (Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net and received $7.5 million in earnest money. The closing for the remaining 359 towers, primarily with tenants, occurred in January 2015, at which time U.S. Cellular received $141.5 million in additional cash proceeds and recorded a gain of approximately $107 million.

In December 2014, U.S. Cellular completed a license exchange primarily in Oklahoma, North Carolina and Tennessee. As a result of this transaction, a gain of $21.7 million was recorded in (Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

In March 2014, U.S. Cellular sold the majority of its St. Louis area non-operating market license for $92.3 million. As a result of this sale, a gain of $75.8 million was recorded in (Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

1



United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

In February 2014, U.S. Cellular completed a license exchange in Wisconsin. As a result of this transaction, a gain of $15.7 million was recorded in (Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

In 2014, Core Markets information is the same as Consolidated Markets information. However, because the Divestiture Transaction and the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation were consummated in the second quarter of 2013, the Consolidated Markets in the first six months of 2013 include information with respect to the Divestiture Markets and the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships. Accordingly, the following operating information is presented for Core Markets to permit a comparison of 2014 to 2013 excluding the Divestiture Markets and the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships. As used here, Core Markets is defined as all consolidated markets in which U.S. Cellular currently conducts business and, therefore, excludes the Divestiture Markets and the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships. Core Markets as defined also includes any other income or expenses due to U.S. Cellular's direct or indirect ownership interests in other spectrum in the Divestiture Markets which was not included in the Divestiture Transaction and other retained assets from the Divestiture Markets. See Note 6—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges and Note 8—Investments in Unconsolidated Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Highlights in the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 for Core Markets included the following:

Retail customer net additions were 36,000 in 2014 compared to net losses of 215,000 in 2013. In the postpaid category, there were net additions of 31,000 in 2014, compared to net losses of 217,000 in 2013. Prepaid net additions were 5,000 in 2014 compared to net additions of 2,000 in 2013.

Postpaid customers comprised approximately 93% of U.S. Cellular's retail customers as of both December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. The postpaid churn rate was 1.8% in 2014 and 1.7% in 2013. Postpaid churn in the first half of 2014 was adversely affected by the billing system conversion in 2013; however, it steadily improved over the course of the year and was 1.6% for the three months ended December 31, 2014. The prepaid churn rate was 6.4% in 2014 and 6.7% in 2013.

Billed average revenue per user ("ARPU") increased to $53.49 in 2014 from $50.82 in 2013 reflecting an increase in postpaid ARPU due to increases in smartphone adoption and corresponding revenues from data products and services. Service revenue ARPU increased to $60.32 in 2014 from $57.66 in 2013 due primarily to an increase in postpaid and prepaid ARPU.

Postpaid customers on smartphone service plans increased to 60% as of December 31, 2014 compared to 51% as of December 31, 2013. In addition, smartphones represented 81% of all handsets sold in 2014 compared to 73% in 2013.

The following financial information is presented for U.S. Cellular consolidated results:

Retail service revenues of $3,013.0 million decreased $152.5 million year-over-year, due to a decrease of 456,000 in the average number of retail customers (including approximately 250,000 due to the reductions caused by the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation) partially offset by an increase in billed ARPU.

Cash flows from operating activities were $172.3 million in 2014 compared to $290.9 million in 2013. At December 31, 2014, Cash and cash equivalents and Short-term investments totaled $211.5 million and the revolving credit facility provided borrowing capacity of $282.5 million.

Total additions to Property, plant and equipment were $557.6 million, including expenditures to deploy fourth generation Long-term Evolution ("4G LTE") equipment, construct cell sites, increase capacity in existing cell sites and switches, outfit new and remodel existing retail stores, and enhance billing and other customer management related systems and platforms. Total cell sites in service decreased 11% year-over-year to 6,220 primarily as a result of the deactivation of certain cell sites in the Divestiture Markets.

2



United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Operating income (loss) decreased $290.3 million to a loss of $143.4 million in 2014 from income of $146.9 million in 2013. The gain on license sales and exchanges and the gain on sale of business and other exit costs contributed $145.8 million and $502.2 million to operating income in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Without these items, operating income (loss) improved by $66.2 million due to higher equipment revenue and lower selling, general and administrative, and depreciation, amortization and accretion expenses, which were partially offset by lower service revenues and higher cost of equipment sold.

Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders decreased $182.9 million to a net loss of $42.8 million in 2014 compared to net income of $140.0 million in 2013, due primarily to the net impact of lower operating income, higher interest expense, and a decrease in gain on investments. Basic earnings (loss) per share and Diluted earnings (loss) per share were $(0.51) in 2014, which was $2.18 and $2.16 lower, respectively, than in 2013.

U.S. Cellular anticipates that its future results may be affected by the following factors:

Effects of industry competition on service and equipment pricing;

U.S. Cellular completed the migration of its customers to a new Billing and Operational Support System ("B/OSS") in the third quarter of 2013. Intermittent system outages and delayed system response times negatively impacted customer service and sales operations at certain times. System enhancements and other measures were implemented to address these issues, and customer service and sales operations response times have improved to expected levels. In addition, in the fourth quarter of 2014, U.S. Cellular entered into certain arrangements pursuant to which U.S. Cellular now outsources certain support functions for its B/OSS to a third-party vendor. B/OSS is a complex system and any future operational problems with the system, including any failure by the vendor to provide the required level of service under the outsourcing arrangements, could have adverse effects on U.S. Cellular's results of operations or cash flows;

Impacts of selling Apple products;

Impacts of selling devices under equipment installment plans;

Relative ability to attract and retain customers in a competitive marketplace in a cost effective manner;

Expanded distribution of products and services in third-party national retailers;

The nature and rate of growth in the wireless industry, requiring U.S. Cellular to grow revenues primarily from selling additional products and services to its existing customers, increasing the number of multi-device users among its existing customers, increasing data products and services and attracting wireless customers switching from other wireless carriers;

Continued growth in revenues and costs related to data products and services and declines in revenues from voice services;

Rapid growth in the demand for new data devices and services which may result in increased cost of equipment sold and other operating expenses and the need for additional investment in spectrum, network capacity and enhancements;

Further consolidation among carriers in the wireless industry, which could result in increased competition for customers and/or cause roaming revenues to decline;

Uncertainty related to various rulemaking proceedings underway at the Federal Communications Commission ("FCC");

The ability to negotiate satisfactory 4G LTE data roaming agreements with other wireless operators;

In September 2014, U.S. Cellular entered into agreements to sell certain non-operating licenses ("unbuilt licenses") in exchange for receiving licenses in its operating markets and cash. These

3



United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

In January 2015, U.S. Cellular entered into a term loan credit agreement providing a $225.0 million senior term loan credit facility which will be used for general corporate purposes, including spectrum purchases and capital expenditures; and

In January 2015, the FCC released the results of Auction 97. U.S. Cellular participated in Auction 97 indirectly through its limited partnership in Advantage Spectrum, L.P. See Note 13—Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Pro Forma Financial Information

Refer to U.S. Cellular's Form 8-K filed on February 26, 2014 for pro forma financial information related to the Divestiture Transaction and the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2013, as if the transactions had occurred at the beginning of the respective periods.

REGULATORY MATTERS

FCC Interoperability Order

On October 25, 2013, the FCC adopted a Report and Order and Order of Proposed Modification confirming a voluntary industry agreement on interoperability in the Lower 700 MHz spectrum band. The FCC's Report and Order laid out a roadmap for the voluntary commitments of AT&T and DISH Network Corporation ("DISH") to become fully binding. The FCC implemented the AT&T commitments in an Order adopted in the first quarter of 2014 that modified AT&T's Lower 700 MHz licenses. Pursuant to these commitments, AT&T will begin incorporating changes in its network and devices that will foster interoperability across all paired spectrum blocks in the Lower 700 MHz Band and support LTE roaming on AT&T networks for carriers with compatible Band 12 devices, consistent with the FCC's rules on roaming. AT&T will be implementing the foregoing changes in phases starting with network software enhancement taking place possibly through the third quarter of 2015 with the AT&T Band 12 device roll-out to follow. In late 2014, AT&T made filings with and reaffirmed to the FCC its commitment under this Order. In addition, the FCC has adopted changes in its technical rules for certain unpaired spectrum licensed to AT&T and DISH in the Lower 700 MHz band to enhance prospects for Lower 700 MHz interoperability. AT&T's network and devices currently interoperate across only two of the three paired blocks in the Lower 700 MHz band. U.S. Cellular's LTE deployment, carried out in conjunction with its partner, King Street Wireless, utilizes spectrum in all three of these blocks and, consequently, was not interoperable with the AT&T configuration. U.S. Cellular believes that the FCC action will broaden the ecosystem of devices available to U.S. Cellular's customers over time.

FCC Net Neutrality Proposal

Currently, internet services are subject to substantially less regulation than traditional common carrier telecommunications services under federal law and generally are not subject to state or local government regulation because they are currently classified as an "information service" by the FCC under the Communications Act. Internet services provided by wireless carriers may also be subject to less regulation than by other telecommunications companies. However, in 2009, the FCC initiated a rulemaking proceeding designed to codify its existing "Net Neutrality" principles to regulate how internet service providers manage applications and content that traverse their networks. In December 2010, the FCC adopted a net neutrality rule based on its Title I "ancillary" authority under the Communications Act. Among other things, these rules prohibited all internet providers from blocking consumers' access to lawful websites or applications that compete with the provider's voice or video telephony services, subject to reasonable network management. The rules subjected the providers of fixed but not wireless broadband internet access to a prohibition on "unreasonable discrimination" in transmitting internet

4



United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

traffic over their networks, subject to reasonable network management. On January 14, 2014, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit vacated the foregoing "anti-blocking" and "anti-discrimination" portions of the FCC's net neutrality rules. In May 2014, the FCC proposed revised rules, substantially similar to the vacated rules, except that the revised proposed rules would replace the prohibition of "unreasonable discrimination" with a prohibition on "commercially unreasonable practices." Following public comments on such rules and the urging of President Obama, in February 2015 the FCC chairman instead proposed applying "Title II" or telecommunications common carrier regulation to both fixed and wireless internet service providers to prevent "paid prioritization" of internet traffic to end users and to restrict wireless carriers from limiting the capacity of certain high volume data users to use the data network. If the FCC adopts such proposed rules, it is expected that they will be challenged in litigation. U.S. Cellular cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings.

FCC Spectrum Auction 97

In January 2015, the FCC released the results of Auction 97. U.S. Cellular participated in Auction 97 indirectly through its limited partnership interest in Advantage Spectrum L.P. See Note 13—Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

FCC Reform Order

The Telecommunications Act authorizes and directs the FCC to establish a Universal Service Fund ("USF"), to preserve and advance universal access to telecommunications services in rural and high-cost areas of the country. All carriers with interstate and international revenues must contribute to the USF. Carriers are free to pass on the cost of such contributions to their customers. In 2014, U.S. Cellular contributed $78.9 million into the federal USF and passed on the cost of such contributions to its customers.

Telecommunications companies may be designated by states, or in some cases by the FCC, as an Eligible Telecommunications Carrier ("ETC") to receive universal service support payments if they provide specified services in "high cost" areas. U.S. Cellular has been designated as an ETC in certain states and received approximately $92.1 million in high cost support for service to high cost areas in 2014.

In 2011, the FCC released an order ("Reform Order") to: reform its universal service and intercarrier compensation mechanisms; establish a new, broadband-focused support mechanism; and propose further rules to advance reform. Pursuant to the FCC's Reform Order, U.S. Cellular's ETC support has been phased down by 40% since July 1, 2012. As provided by the Reform Order, the phase down is currently suspended and U.S. Cellular will continue to receive 60% of its baseline support until a new fund provided in the Reform Order is operational. Further proceedings including litigation may also be possible. At this time, U.S. Cellular cannot predict the net effect of further changes to the USF high cost support program under the Reform Order.

Multiple appeals of the Reform Order were consolidated and argued in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit on November 19, 2013. The court ruled in favor of the FCC and U.S. Cellular filed a Petition of Certiorari on November 25, 2014 with the United States Supreme Court. At this time, U.S. Cellular cannot predict whether the Supreme Court will accept the case or the timing or outcome of any such decision should the Court permit the appeal.

With respect to intercarrier compensation, the Reform Order provides for a reduction in the charges that U.S. Cellular pays to wireline phone companies to transport and terminate calls that originate on their networks, which will reduce U.S. Cellular's operating expenses. The reductions in intercarrier charges are to increase over the next five to ten years, further reducing U.S. Cellular's operating expenses.

5



United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Summary Operating Data for U.S. Cellular Consolidated Markets

Following is a table of summarized operating data for U.S. Cellular's Consolidated Markets. Consolidated Markets herein refers to markets which U.S. Cellular currently consolidates, or previously consolidated in the periods presented, and is not adjusted in prior periods presented for subsequent divestitures or deconsolidations. Unless otherwise noted, figures reported in Results of Operations are representative of consolidated results.

As of or for the Year Ended December 31,
  2014   2013   2012  

Retail Customers

                   

Postpaid

                   

Total at end of period

    4,298,000     4,267,000     5,134,000  

Gross additions

    940,000     697,000     880,000  

Net additions (losses)

    31,000     (325,000 )   (165,000 )

ARPU(1)

  $ 56.75   $ 54.31   $ 54.32  

ARPA(2)

  $ 133.19   $ 120.92   $ 123.27  

Churn rate(3)

    1.8 %   1.8 %   1.7 %

Smartphone penetration(4)

    59.8 %   50.8 %   41.8 %

Prepaid

                   

Total at end of period

    348,000     343,000     423,000  

Gross additions

    274,000     309,000     368,000  

Net additions (losses)

    5,000     (21,000 )   118,000  

ARPU(1)

  $ 34.07   $ 31.44   $ 33.26  

Churn rate(3)

    6.4 %   7.0 %   6.0 %

Total customers at end of period

    4,760,000     4,774,000     5,798,000  

Billed ARPU(1)

  $ 53.49   $ 50.73   $ 50.81  

Service revenue ARPU(1)

  $ 60.32   $ 57.61   $ 58.70  

Smartphones sold as a percent of total handsets sold

    81.3 %   72.8 %   58.7 %

Total Population

                   

Consolidated markets(5)

    50,906,000     58,013,000     93,244,000  

Consolidated operating markets(5)

    31,729,000     31,759,000     46,966,000  

Market penetration at end of period

                   

Consolidated markets(6)

    9.4 %   8.2 %   6.2 %

Consolidated operating markets(6)

    15.0 %   15.0 %   12.3 %

Capital expenditures (000s)

  $ 557,615   $ 737,501   $ 836,748  

Total cell sites in service

    6,220     6,975     8,028  

Owned towers in service

    4,281     4,448     4,408  

6



United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Summary Operating Data for U.S. Cellular Core Markets

Following is a table of summarized operating data for U.S. Cellular's Core Markets. For comparability, Core Markets as presented here excludes the results of the Divestiture Markets and NY1 and NY2 Partnerships as of or for the twelve months ended December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

As of or for the Year Ended December 31,
  2014   2013   2012  

Retail Customers

                   

Postpaid

                   

Total at end of period

    4,298,000     4,267,000     4,496,000  

Gross additions

    940,000     682,000     746,000  

Net additions (losses)

    31,000     (217,000 )   (92,000 )

ARPU(1)

  $ 56.75   $ 54.23   $ 53.65  

ARPA(2)

  $ 133.19   $ 115.00   $ 120.78  

Churn rate(3)

    1.8 %   1.7 %   1.5 %

Smartphone penetration(4)

    59.8 %   50.8 %   41.1 %

Prepaid

                   

Total at end of period

    348,000     343,000     342,000  

Gross additions

    274,000     295,000     288,000  

Net additions (losses)

    5,000     2,000     124,000  

ARPU(1)

  $ 34.07   $ 31.45   $ 32.98  

Churn rate(3)

    6.4 %   6.7 %   5.2 %

Total customers at end of period

    4,760,000     4,774,000     5,022,000  

Billed ARPU(1)

  $ 53.49   $ 50.82   $ 50.54  

Service revenue ARPU(1)

  $ 60.32   $ 57.66   $ 58.49  

Smartphones sold as a percent of total handsets sold

    81.3 %   73.0 %   58.9 %

Total Population

                   

Consolidated markets(5)

    50,906,000     58,013,000     83,384,000  

Consolidated operating markets(5)

    31,729,000     31,759,000     31,445,000  

Market penetration at end of period

                   

Consolidated markets(6)

    9.4 %   8.2 %   6.0 %

Consolidated operating markets(6)

    15.0 %   15.0 %   16.0 %

Capital expenditures (000s)

  $ 557,615   $ 735,082   $ 768,884  

Total cell sites in service

    6,220     6,161     6,130  

Owned towers in service

    3,951     3,883     3,847  

(1)
Average Revenue per User ("ARPU") metrics are calculated by dividing a revenue base by an average number of customers by the number of months in the period. These revenue bases and customer populations are shown below:

a.
Postpaid ARPU consists of total postpaid service revenues and postpaid customers.

b.
Prepaid ARPU consists of total prepaid service revenues and prepaid customers.

c.
Billed ARPU consists of total postpaid, prepaid and reseller service revenues and postpaid, prepaid and reseller customers.

d.
Service revenue ARPU consists of total postpaid, prepaid and reseller service revenues, inbound roaming and other service revenues and postpaid, prepaid and reseller customers.

(2)
Average Revenue per Account ("ARPA") metric is calculated by dividing total postpaid service revenues by the average number of postpaid accounts by the number of months in the period.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(3)
Churn metrics represent the percentage of the postpaid or prepaid customers that disconnects service each month. These metrics represent the average monthly postpaid or prepaid churn rate for each respective period.

(4)
Smartphones represent wireless devices which run on an Android, Apple, BlackBerry or Windows Mobile operating system, excluding connected devices. Smartphone penetration is calculated by dividing postpaid smartphone customers by total postpaid customers.

(5)
The decrease in the population of consolidated markets is due primarily to the divestiture of the Mississippi Valley non-operating license in October 2013, the majority of the St. Louis area non-operating market license in March 2014, and certain non-operating licenses in North Carolina in December 2014. Total Population is used only to calculate market penetration of consolidated markets and consolidated operating markets, respectively. See footnote (6) below.

(6)
Market penetration is calculated by dividing the number of wireless customers at the end of the period by the total population of consolidated markets and consolidated operating markets, respectively, as estimated by Claritas. The increase in consolidated markets penetration is due primarily to a lower denominator as a result of the license divestitures described in footnote (5) above.

Components of Operating Income (Loss)

Year Ended December 31,
  2014   Increase/
(Decrease)
  Percentage
Change
  2013   Increase/
(Decrease)
  Percentage
Change
  2012  
(Dollars in thousands)
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 

Retail service

  $ 3,012,984   $ (152,512 )   (5 )% $ 3,165,496   $ (382,483 )   (11 )% $ 3,547,979  

Inbound roaming

    224,090     (39,096 )   (15 )%   263,186     (85,531 )   (25 )%   348,717  

Other

    160,863     (5,228 )   (3 )%   166,091     (36,069 )   (18 )%   202,160  

Service revenues

    3,397,937     (196,836 )   (5 )%   3,594,773     (504,083 )   (12 )%   4,098,856  

Equipment sales

    494,810     170,747     53 %   324,063     (29,165 )   (8 )%   353,228  

Total operating revenues

    3,892,747     (26,089 )   (1 )%   3,918,836     (533,248 )   (12 )%   4,452,084  

System operations (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)

   
769,911
   
6,476
   
1

%
 
763,435
   
(183,370

)
 
(19

)%
 
946,805
 

Cost of equipment sold

    1,192,669     193,669     19 %   999,000     63,053     7 %   935,947  

Selling, general and administrative

    1,591,914     (85,481 )   (5 )%   1,677,395     (87,538 )   (5 )%   1,764,933  

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

    605,997     (197,784 )   (25 )%   803,781     195,148     32 %   608,633  

(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net

    21,469     9,137     30 %   30,606     (12,518 )   (69 )%   18,088  

(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net

    (32,830 )   (213,937 )   (87 )%   (246,767 )   267,789     >100 %   21,022  

(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges

    (112,993 )   (142,486 )   (56 )%   (255,479 )   255,479     N /M    

Total operating expenses

    4,036,137     264,166     7 %   3,771,971     (523,457 )   (12 )%   4,295,428  

Operating income (loss)

  $ (143,390 ) $ (290,255 )   >(100 )% $ 146,865   $ (9,791 )   (6 )% $ 156,656  

N/M—Percentage change not meaningful

8



United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Operating Revenues

Service revenues

Service revenues consist primarily of: (i) charges for access, airtime, roaming, recovery of regulatory costs and value added services, including data products and services, provided to U.S. Cellular's retail customers and to end users through third party resellers ("retail service"); (ii) charges to other wireless carriers whose customers use U.S. Cellular's wireless systems when roaming; and (iii) amounts received from the Federal USF.

Retail service revenues

Retail service revenues decreased by $152.5 million, or 5%, to $3,013.0 million due primarily to a decrease in U.S. Cellular's average customer base (including the reductions caused by the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation), partially offset by an increase in billed ARPU.

In 2013, Retail service revenues decreased by $382.5 million, or 11%, to $3,165.5 million due primarily to a decrease in U.S. Cellular's average customer base (including the reductions caused by the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation) and a slight decrease in billed ARPU. In the fourth quarter of 2013, U.S. Cellular issued loyalty reward points with a value of $43.5 million as a loyalty bonus in recognition of the inconvenience experienced by customers during U.S. Cellular's billing system conversion in 2013. The value of the loyalty bonus reduced Operating revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and increased Customer deposits and deferred revenues in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Billed ARPU increased to $53.49 in 2014 from $50.73 in 2013. This overall increase is due primarily to an increase in postpaid ARPU to $56.75 in 2014 from $54.31 in 2013 and an increase in prepaid ARPU to $34.07 in 2014 from $31.44 in 2013, reflecting an increase in smartphone penetration and corresponding revenues from data products and services, partially offset by lower monthly service billings for customers on equipment installment plans. Billed ARPU in 2013 was relatively flat compared to $50.81 in 2012. An increase in smartphone adoption and corresponding revenues from data products and services drove higher ARPU; however, this growth was offset by the special issuance of loyalty rewards points in the fourth quarter of 2013, which negatively impacted billed ARPU for the year by $0.70.

U.S. Cellular expects continued pressure on retail service revenues in the foreseeable future due to industry competition for customers and related effects on pricing of service plan offerings offset to some degree by continued adoption of smartphones and data usage. In addition, beginning in the second quarter of 2014, U.S. Cellular expanded its offerings of equipment installment plans. To the extent that customers adopt these plans, U.S. Cellular expects an increase in equipment sales revenues. However, certain of the equipment installment plans provide the customer with a reduction in the monthly access charge for the device; thus, to the extent that existing customers adopt such plans, U.S. Cellular expects a reduction in retail service revenues and ARPU.

Inbound roaming revenues

Inbound roaming revenues decreased by $39.1 million, or 15% in 2014 to $224.1 million. The decrease was due in part to a $17.6 million impact related to the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation recorded in 2013. The remaining decrease in the Core Markets was due to a decrease in rates and a decline in voice volume, partially offset by higher data usage. U.S. Cellular expects modest growth in data volume, declining voice volumes and declining rates which likely will result in declining inbound roaming revenues in the near term. Both inbound and outbound roaming rates are subject to periodic revision; further, U.S. Cellular is negotiating 4G LTE roaming rates with several carriers which could materially affect roamer revenues and expenses going forward.

Inbound roaming revenues decreased by $85.5 million, or 25% in 2013 to $263.2 million. The decrease was due primarily to lower rates ($47.9 million) and the impacts of the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 &

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

NY2 Deconsolidation ($37.6 million). Data volume increased year-over year but the impact of this increase was offset by the combined impacts of lower volume for voice and lower rates for both data and voice. The decline in roaming revenues was offset by a decline in roaming expense also due to lower rates.

Other revenues

Other revenues of $160.9 million in 2014 decreased by $5.2 million, or 3%, compared to 2013 due to a $14.8 million decrease in ETC support, partially offset by an increase in tower rental revenue. Tower rental revenue was $55.5 million and $45.7 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively. In 2013, Other revenues decreased by $36.1 million, or 18%, due primarily to a decrease in ETC support.

Equipment sales revenues

Equipment sales revenues include revenues from sales of wireless devices and related accessories to both new and existing customers, as well as revenues from sales of wireless devices and accessories to agents. All Equipment sales revenues are recorded net of rebates.

U.S. Cellular offers a competitive line of quality wireless devices to both new and existing customers. U.S. Cellular's customer acquisition and retention efforts include offering new wireless devices to customers at discounted prices; in addition, customers on currently offered rate plans receive loyalty reward points that may be used to purchase a new wireless device or accelerate the timing of a customer's eligibility for a wireless device upgrade at promotional pricing. U.S. Cellular also continues to sell wireless devices to agents including national retailers; this practice enables U.S. Cellular to provide better control over the quality of wireless devices sold to its customers, establish roaming preferences and earn quantity discounts from wireless device manufacturers which are passed along to agents and other retailers.

Beginning in the second quarter of 2014, U.S. Cellular expanded its offerings of equipment installment plans. To the extent that customers adopt these plans, U.S. Cellular expects an increase in equipment sales revenues. However, certain of the equipment installment plans provide the customer with a reduction in the monthly access charge for the device; thus, to the extent that existing customers adopt such plans, U.S. Cellular expects a reduction in retail service revenues and ARPU.

Equipment sales revenues increased $170.7 million, or 53%, to $494.8 million in 2014. Equipment sales revenues in 2014 include $190.4 million related to equipment installment plan sales. The increase is due primarily to an increase in average revenue per device sold (including the impact of sales under equipment installment plans) and sales of connected devices and accessories. This increase is partially offset by a decrease in the sales of other device categories, primarily the feature phone category, and the effects of the Divestiture Transaction and the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation.

The decrease in 2013 equipment sales revenues of $29.2 million, or 8%, to $324.1 million was driven primarily by selling fewer devices, partially due to the Divestiture Transaction. Declines in volume were offset by an increase of 12% in average revenue per device. Average revenue per wireless device sold increased due to a continued shift in customer preference to higher priced smartphones.

Operating Expenses

System operations expenses (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion)

System operations expenses (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion) include charges from telecommunications service providers for U.S. Cellular's customers' use of their facilities, costs related to local interconnection to the wireline network, charges for cell site rent and maintenance of U.S. Cellular's network, long-distance charges, outbound roaming expenses and payments to third-party data product and platform developers.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

System operations expenses increased $6.5 million, or 1%, to $769.9 million in 2014 and decreased $183.4 million, or 19%, to $763.4 million in 2013. Key components of the net changes in System operations expenses were as follows:

Maintenance, utility and cell site expenses increased $26.6 million, or 8%, in 2014 and decreased $61.6 million, or 15%, in 2013. The increase in 2014 reflects higher support costs for the expanded 4G LTE network and completion of certain maintenance projects deferred from 2013, partially offset by the impacts of the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation. The decrease in 2013 is driven primarily by impacts of the Divestiture Transaction and reductions in expenses related to 3G equipment support and network costs, offset by increases in charges related to 4G LTE equipment and network costs.

Expenses incurred when U.S. Cellular's customers used other carriers' networks while roaming increased $5.8 million, or 3%, in 2014 and decreased $64.1 million, or 27%, in 2013. The increase in 2014 is driven primarily by an increase in data roaming usage, partially offset by lower rates, lower voice usage, and the impacts of the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation. The decrease in 2013 is due primarily to lower rates for both voice and data and lower voice volume, which more than offset increased data roaming usage, as well as the impacts of the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation.

Customer usage expenses decreased by $25.9 million, or 11%, in 2014, and $57.7 million, or 19%, in 2013. The decrease in 2014 is driven by impacts of the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation, lower volume and rates for long distance usage and lower fees for platform and content providers, partially offset by LTE migration costs. The decrease in 2013 is driven by impacts of the Divestiture Transaction and decreases in intercarrier charges as a result of the FCC's Reform Order and certain data costs, partially offset by increases due to network costs for 4G LTE.

U.S. Cellular expects system operations expenses to increase in the future to support the continued growth in cell sites and other network facilities as it continues to add capacity, enhance quality and deploy new technologies as well as to support increases in total customer usage, particularly data usage. However, these increases are expected to be offset to some extent by cost savings generated by shifting data traffic to the 4G LTE network from the 3G network.

Cost of equipment sold

Cost of equipment sold increased $193.7 million, or 19%, in 2014 and $63.1 million, or 7% in 2013. In both years, the increase was driven primarily by an increase in the average cost per wireless device sold (22% in 2014 and 33% in 2013), which more than offset the impact of selling fewer devices. Average cost per device sold increased due to general customer preference for higher priced 4G LTE smartphones and tablets. Smartphones sold as a percentage of total devices sold were 73%, 68% and 56% in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The total number of devices sold decreased by 3% and 18% in 2014 and 2013, respectively, partially due to the Divestiture Transaction.

U.S. Cellular's loss on equipment, defined as equipment sales revenues less cost of equipment sold, was $697.9 million, $674.9 million and $582.7 million for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. U.S. Cellular expects loss on equipment to continue to be a significant cost in the foreseeable future as iconic data-centric wireless devices continue to increase in cost and wireless carriers continue to use device availability and pricing as a means of competitive differentiation. However, U.S. Cellular expects that sales of wireless devices under equipment installment plans and, for certain devices such as tablets, under non-subsidized plans, will offset loss on equipment to some degree.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses include salaries, commissions and expenses of field sales and retail personnel and facilities; telesales department salaries and expenses; agent commissions and

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

related expenses; corporate marketing and merchandise management; and advertising expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses also include bad debts expense, costs of operating customer care centers and corporate expenses.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $85.5 million to $1,591.9 million in 2014 and by $87.5 million to $1,677.4 million in 2013. Key components of the net changes in Selling, general and administrative expenses were as follows:

2014—

General and administrative expenses decreased by $79.7 million, or 8%, due primarily to the Divestiture Transaction and NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation and lower consulting expenses related to the billing system conversion in the prior year.

Selling and marketing expenses decreased by $5.7 million, or 1%, due primarily to lower agent, employee and facilities costs as a result of the Divestiture Transaction, partially offset by increases in advertising expense and commissions; higher commissions reflected increases in gross additions, renewals and accessory sales volumes.

2013—

Selling and marketing expenses decreased by $75.7 million, or 9%, primarily from lower commission expenses, more cost-effective advertising spending and reduced employee and facilities costs as a result of the Divestiture Transaction.

General and administrative expenses decreased by $11.8 million, or 1%, driven by corporate cost containment and reduction initiatives and reduced spending as a result of the Divestiture Transaction, offset by costs associated with launching the new billing system of $55.8 million and higher bad debts expense of $31.5 million due to higher customer accounts receivable balances resulting from billing issues experienced after the system conversion.

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense decreased $197.8 million, or 25%, in 2014, due primarily to the higher amount of accelerated depreciation, amortization and accretion in the Divestiture Markets that occurred in 2013. Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense increased $195.1 million, or 32%, in 2013 due primarily to the acceleration of depreciation, amortization and accretion in the Divestiture Markets. The impact of the acceleration was $13.1 million and $158.5 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The accelerated depreciation, amortization and accretion in the Divestiture Markets was completed in the first quarter of 2014.

(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net

(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net was a loss of $21.5 million in 2014 and $30.6 million in 2013 due primarily to losses resulting from the write-off and disposals of certain network assets.

(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net

(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net was a gain of $32.8 million in 2014 and $246.8 million in 2013, both primarily related to the Divestiture Transaction. See Note 6—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges

(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges was a net gain in 2014 resulting from the sale of the St. Louis area non-operating market license and the license exchanges primarily in Wisconsin, Oklahoma, North Carolina and Tennessee. The gain in 2013 resulted from the sale of the Mississippi Valley non-operating market license for $308.0 million, which resulted in a pre-tax gain of $250.6 million. See Note 6—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Components of Other Income (Expense)

Year Ended December 31,
  2014   Increase/
(Decrease)
  Percentage
Change
  2013   Increase/
(Decrease)
  Percentage
Change
  2012  
(Dollars in thousands)
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 

Operating income (loss)

  $ (143,390 ) $ (290,255 )   >(100 )% $ 146,865   $ (9,791 )   (6 )% $ 156,656  

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities

    129,764     (2,185 )   (2 )%   131,949     41,585     46 %   90,364  

Interest and dividend income

    12,148     8,187     >100 %   3,961     317     9 %   3,644  

Gain (loss) on investments

        (18,556 )   N/M     18,556     22,274     >100 %   (3,718 )

Interest expense

    (57,386 )   13,423     31 %   (43,963 )   1,570     4 %   (42,393 )

Other, net

    160     (128 )   (44 )%   288     (212 )   (42 )%   500  

Total investment and other income

    84,686     (26,105 )   (24 )%   110,791     62,394     >100 %   48,397  

Income (loss) before income taxes

    (58,704 )   (316,360 )   >(100 )%   257,656     52,603     26 %   205,053  

Income tax expense (benefit)

    (11,782 )   (124,916 )   >(100 )%   113,134     49,157     77 %   63,977  

Net income (loss)

    (46,922 )   (191,444 )   >(100 )%   144,522     3,446     2 %   141,076  

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax

    (4,110 )   (8,594 )   >(100 )%   4,484     (25,586 )   (85 )%   30,070  

Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders

  $ (42,812 ) $ (182,850 )   >(100 )% $ 140,038   $ 29,032     26 % $ 111,006  

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities represents U.S. Cellular's share of net income from entities in which it has a noncontrolling interest and that are accounted for by the equity method.

U.S. Cellular's investment in the Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership ("LA Partnership") contributed $71.8 million, $78.4 million and $67.2 million to Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

On April 3, 2013, U.S. Cellular deconsolidated the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships and began reporting them as equity method investments in its consolidated financial statements as of that date. Equity in earnings of the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships was $29.0 million and $24.7 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 8—Investments in Unconsolidated Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Interest and dividend income

In 2014, Interest and dividend income increased by $8.2 million due primarily to imputed interest income recognized on equipment installment plans. See Note 3—Equipment Installment Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Gain (loss) on investments

In 2013, in connection with the deconsolidation of the NY1 & NY2 Partnerships, U.S. Cellular recognized a non-cash pre-tax gain of $18.5 million.

Interest expense

In 2014, interest expense increased by $13.4 million from 2013 due primarily to a decrease in capitalized interest related to network and systems projects. Interest cost capitalized was $6.2 million and $18.4 million for 2014 and 2013, respectively. Interest expense in 2013 as compared to 2012 was relatively flat.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Income tax expense

The effective tax rates on Income before income taxes for 2014, 2013 and 2012 were 20.1%, 43.9% and 31.2%, respectively. The following significant discrete and other items impacted income tax expense for these years:

2014—Includes tax expense of $6.4 million related to valuation allowance recorded against certain state deferred tax assets. The effective tax rate in 2014 is lower due to the effect of this item combined with the loss in 2014 in Income (loss) before income taxes.

2013—Includes tax expense of $20.4 million related to the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation and the Divestiture Transaction, and a tax benefit of $5.4 million resulting from statute of limitation expirations.

2012—Includes tax benefits of $12.1 million resulting from statute of limitation expirations and $5.3 million resulting from corrections relating to a prior period.

See Note 4—Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of income tax expense and the overall effective tax rate on Income before income taxes.

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax

The decrease from 2013 to 2014 is due primarily to the elimination of the noncontrolling interest as a result of the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation on April 3, 2013 and lower income from certain partnerships in 2014.

INFLATION

Management believes that inflation affects U.S. Cellular's business to no greater or lesser extent than the general economy.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

See Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information on recently issued accounting pronouncements.

In general, recently issued accounting pronouncements did not have and are not expected to have a significant effect on U.S. Cellular's financial condition and results of operations, except for Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. U.S. Cellular is evaluating the effects of adoption of this standard on its financial condition and results of operations.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

CASH FLOWS

U.S. Cellular operates a capital-and marketing-intensive business. U.S. Cellular utilizes cash on hand, cash from operating activities, cash proceeds from divestitures and disposition of investments, short-term credit facilities and long-term debt financing to fund its acquisitions (including licenses), construction costs, operating expenses and share repurchases. Cash flows may fluctuate from quarter to quarter and year to year due to seasonality, the timing of acquisitions and divestitures, capital expenditures and other

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

factors. The table below and the following discussion summarize U.S. Cellular's cash flow activities in 2014, 2013 and 2012.

(Dollars in thousands)
  2014   2013   2012  

Cash flows from (used in)

                   

Operating activities

  $ 172,342   $ 290,897   $ 899,291  

Investing activities

    (470,772 )   172,749     (896,611 )

Financing activities

    167,878     (499,939 )   (48,477 )

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

  $ (130,552 ) $ (36,293 ) $ (45,797 )

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Cash flows from operating activities were $172.3 million in 2014 and $290.9 million in 2013. The net decrease reflected higher earnings excluding the gains recognized on the sale of businesses and the gains recognized on license sales and exchanges, which had the impact of improving cash flows from operating activities, more than offset by changes in working capital, which had the impact of decreasing cash flows from operating activities. Working capital factors which significantly decreased cash flows from operating activities included changes in accounts payable levels year-over-year as a result of timing differences related to operating expenses and device purchases. In December 2014, as part of the Tax Increase Prevention act of 2014, bonus depreciation was enacted which allowed U.S. Cellular to take certain additional deductions for depreciation resulting in a federal taxable loss in 2014. Such taxable loss will be carried back to prior tax years to refund tax amounts previously paid. Primarily as a result of this federal income tax carryback, U.S. Cellular has recorded $74.8 million of Income taxes receivable at December 31, 2014. U.S. Cellular paid income taxes of $33.3 million and $157.8 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively. In 2013, accounts receivable grew substantially due to issues resulting from the conversion to a new billing system. In 2014, the higher accounts receivable balances resulting from the billing system conversion decreased to more normal levels; however, this decrease was partially offset by increased receivables related to equipment installment plan sales which are expected to increase in the near term.

Cash flows from operating activities were $290.9 million in 2013 and $899.3 million in 2012. This decrease was due primarily to changes in accounts receivable, income tax payments (net of refunds), and inventory. The changes in accounts receivable balances were due primarily to billing delays encountered during the conversion to a new billing system in the third quarter of 2013. Net income tax payments of $157.8 million were recorded in 2013 compared to net income tax refunds of $58.6 million in 2012. The net refunds in 2012 were primarily related to a federal net operating loss in 2011 largely attributable to 100% bonus depreciation applicable to qualified capital expenditures. The change in inventory was due primarily to higher costs per unit related to 4G LTE smartphones.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

U.S. Cellular makes substantial investments to acquire wireless licenses and properties and to construct and upgrade wireless telecommunications networks and facilities as a basis for creating long-term value for shareholders. In recent years, rapid changes in technology and new opportunities have required substantial investments in potentially revenue-enhancing and cost-reducing upgrades of U.S. Cellular's networks.

Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment totaled $605.1 million, $717.9 million and $826.4 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and is reported in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Capital expenditures (i.e., additions to property, plant and equipment and system development expenditures), which include the effects of accruals and capitalized interest, totaled $557.6 million in 2014, $737.5 million in 2013 and $836.7 million in 2012. See "Capital Expenditures" below for additional information on capital expenditures.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Cash payments for acquisitions of licenses were $38.2 million, $16.5 million and $122.7 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Cash received from divestitures in 2014, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

Cash Received from Divestitures
  2014   2013   2012  
(Dollars in thousands)
   
   
   
 

Licenses

  $ 91,789   $ 311,989   $  

Businesses

    88,053     499,131     49,932  

Total

  $ 179,842   $ 811,120   $ 49,932  

See Note 6—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to these acquisitions and divestitures.

In 2012, U.S. Cellular invested $120.0 million in U.S. Treasury Notes. U.S. Cellular realized cash proceeds of $50.0 million, $100.0 million, and $125.0 million in 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively, related to the maturities of its investments in U.S. Treasury Notes and corporate notes.

In 2014, cash used for investing activities includes a $60.0 million deposit made by Advantage Spectrum, L.P., a variable interest entity consolidated by U.S. Cellular, to the FCC for its participation in Auction 97. See Note 13—Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Cash flows from financing activities include proceeds from and repayments of short-term and long-term debt, dividends to shareholders, distributions to noncontrolling interests, cash used to repurchase Common Shares and cash proceeds from reissuance of Common Shares pursuant to stock-based compensation plans.

In December 2014, U.S. Cellular issued $275.0 million of 7.25% Senior Notes due 2063, and paid related debt issuance costs of $9.2 million.

On September 10, 2014, U.S. Cellular purchased licenses from Airadigm Communications, Inc. ("Airadigm"). TDS owns 100% of the common stock of Airadigm. Upon closing, Airadigm transferred to U.S. Cellular FCC spectrum licenses and certain tower assets in certain markets in Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota and Michigan, in consideration for $91.5 million in cash. Since both parties to this transaction are controlled by TDS, U.S. Cellular recorded the transferred assets at Airadigm's net book value of $15.2 million. The $76.3 million difference between the consideration paid and the net book value of the transferred assets was recorded as an Acquisition of licenses in common control transaction cash outflow from financing activities. See Note 6—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to this transaction.

On June 25, 2013, U.S. Cellular paid a special cash dividend of $5.75 per share, for an aggregate amount of $482.3 million, to all holders of U.S. Cellular Common Shares and Series A Common Shares as of June 11, 2013. U.S. Cellular did not pay any dividends in 2014 or 2012.

Adjusted Free Cash Flow

The following table presents Adjusted free cash flow. Adjusted free cash flow is defined as Cash flows from operating activities (which includes cash outflows related to the Sprint decommissioning), as adjusted for cash proceeds from the Sprint Cost Reimbursement (which are included in Cash flows from investing activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows), less Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment. Adjusted free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure which U.S. Cellular believes may be useful to investors and other users of its financial information in evaluating the

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

amount of cash generated by business operations (including cash proceeds from the Sprint Cost Reimbursement), after Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment.

(Dollars in thousands)
  2014   2013   2012  

Cash flows from operating activities

  $ 172,342   $ 290,897   $ 899,291  

Add: Sprint Cost Reimbursement(1)

    71,097     10,560      

Less: Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment

    605,083     717,862     826,400  

Adjusted free cash flow

  $ (361,644 ) $ (416,405 ) $ 72,891  

(1)
See Note 6—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to the Sprint Cost Reimbursement.

See Cash flows from Operating Activities and Cash flows from Investing Activities for additional information related to the components of Adjusted free cash flow.

LIQUIDITY

U.S. Cellular believes that existing cash and investment balances, funds available under its revolving credit facility and term loan facility and expected cash flows from operating and investing activities provide substantial liquidity and financial flexibility for U.S. Cellular to meet its normal day-to-day operating needs. However, these resources may not be adequate to fund all future expenditures that the company could potentially elect to make such as acquisitions of spectrum licenses in FCC auctions and other acquisition, construction and development programs. It may be necessary from time to time to increase the size of the existing revolving credit facility, to put in place new facilities, or to obtain other forms of financing in order to fund these potential expenditures. To the extent that sufficient funds are not available to U.S. Cellular or its subsidiaries on terms or at prices acceptable to U.S. Cellular, it could require U.S. Cellular to reduce its acquisition, construction and development programs.

U.S. Cellular's profitability historically has been lower in the fourth quarter as a result of significant marketing and promotional activities during the holiday season. Additionally, U.S. Cellular expects lower cash flows from operating activities in the near term as the popularity of its equipment installment plans increases. U.S. Cellular cannot provide assurances that circumstances that could have a material adverse effect on its liquidity or capital resources will not occur. Economic conditions, changes in financial markets, U.S. Cellular financial performance and/or prospects or other factors could restrict U.S. Cellular's liquidity and availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to U.S. Cellular, which could require U.S. Cellular to reduce its capital expenditure, acquisition or share repurchase programs. Such reductions could have a material adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

At December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular's cash and cash equivalents totaled $211.5 million. Cash and cash equivalents include cash and short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The primary objective of U.S. Cellular's Cash and cash equivalents investment activities is to preserve principal. At December 31, 2014, the majority of U.S. Cellular's Cash and cash equivalents was held in bank deposit accounts and in money market funds that invest exclusively in U.S. Treasury Notes or in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by such obligations. U.S. Cellular monitors the financial viability of the money market funds and direct investments in which it invests and believes that the credit risk associated with these investments is low.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Financing

Revolving Credit Facility

U.S. Cellular has a revolving credit facility available for general corporate purposes including spectrum purchases and capital expenditures, with a maximum borrowing capacity of $300.0 million. As of December 31, 2014, the unused capacity under this agreement was $282.5 million. The continued availability of the revolving credit facility requires U.S. Cellular to comply with certain negative and affirmative covenants, maintain certain financial ratios and make representations regarding certain matters at the time of each borrowing. The covenants also prescribe certain terms associated with intercompany loans from TDS or TDS subsidiaries to U.S. Cellular or U.S. Cellular subsidiaries. There were no intercompany loans at December 31, 2014 or 2013. U.S. Cellular believes that it was in compliance as of December 31, 2014 with all of the financial covenants and requirements set forth in its revolving credit facility.

See Note 11—Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the revolving credit facility.

Term Loan Facility

On January 21, 2015, U.S. Cellular entered into a term loan credit facility relating to $225.0 million in debt. The term loan must be drawn in one or more advances by the six month anniversary of the date of the agreement; amounts not drawn by that time will cease to be available. Amounts repaid or prepaid under the term loan facility may not be reborrowed. The maturity date of the term loan would accelerate in the event of a change in control.

The term loan is available for general corporate purposes including spectrum purchases and capital expenditures. The term loan is unsecured except for a lien on all equity which U.S. Cellular may have in the loan administrative agent, CoBank ACB, subject to certain limitations. The continued availability of the term loan facility requires U.S. Cellular to comply with certain negative and affirmative covenants, maintain certain financial ratios and make representations regarding certain matters at the time of each borrowing, that are substantially the same as those in the U.S. Cellular revolving credit facility described above.

See Note 11—Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the term loan facility.

Long-Term Financing

U.S. Cellular has an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 to issue senior or subordinated debt securities. The proceeds from any such issuance may be used for general corporate purposes, including: the possible reduction of other long-term debt, spectrum purchases, and capital expenditures; in connection with acquisition, construction and development programs; the reduction of short-term debt; for working capital; to provide additional investments in subsidiaries; or the repurchase of shares. The U.S. Cellular shelf registration statement permits U.S. Cellular to issue at any time and from time to time senior or subordinated debt securities in one or more offerings. The ability of U.S. Cellular to complete an offering pursuant to such shelf registration statement is subject to market conditions and other factors at the time.

In December 2014, U.S. Cellular sold and issued $275 million of 7.25% Senior Notes due in 2063 for general corporate purposes including spectrum purchases and capital expenditures, reducing the available amount on U.S. Cellular's shelf registration statement from $500 million to $225 million. U.S. Cellular has the authority to replenish this shelf registration statement back to $500 million.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

U.S. Cellular believes that it was in compliance as of December 31, 2014 with all financial covenants and other requirements set forth in its long-term debt indentures. U.S. Cellular has not failed to make nor does it expect to fail to make any scheduled payment of principal or interest under such indentures.

The long-term debt principal payments due for the next five years represent less than 1% of the total long-term debt obligation at December 31, 2014. Refer to Market Risk—Long-Term Debt for additional information regarding required principal payments and the weighted average interest rates related to U.S. Cellular's Long-term debt.

U.S. Cellular, at its discretion, may from time to time seek to retire or purchase its outstanding debt through cash purchases and/or exchanges for other securities, in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, tender offers, exchange offers or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

See Note 11—Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on Long-term financing.

Credit Rating

In certain circumstances, U.S. Cellular's interest cost on its revolving credit and term loan facilities may be subject to increase if its current credit ratings from nationally recognized credit rating agencies are lowered, and may be subject to decrease if the ratings are raised. U.S. Cellular's facilities do not cease to be available nor do the maturity dates accelerate solely as a result of a downgrade in credit rating. However, a downgrade U.S. Cellular's credit rating could adversely affect its ability to renew the facilities or obtain access to other credit facilities in the future.

In 2014, nationally recognized credit rating agencies downgraded the U.S. Cellular corporate and senior debt credit ratings. After these downgrades, U.S. Cellular is rated at sub-investment grade. U.S. Cellular's credit ratings as of December 31, 2014, and the dates such ratings were issued/re-affirmed were as follows:

Moody's (issued November 26, 2014)   Ba1   —negative outlook
Standard & Poor's (issued November 24, 2014)   BB   —stable outlook
Fitch Ratings (re-affirmed November 24, 2014)   BB+   —stable outlook

Capital Expenditures

U.S. Cellular's capital expenditures for 2015 are expected to be approximately $600 million. These expenditures are expected to be for the following general purposes:

Expand and enhance network coverage, including providing additional capacity to accommodate increased network usage, principally data usage, by current customers;

Continue to deploy 4G LTE technology in certain markets;

Expand and enhance the retail store network; and

Develop and enhance office systems.

U.S. Cellular plans to finance its capital expenditures program for 2015 using primarily Cash flows from operating activities and, as necessary, existing cash balances, short-term investments, borrowings under its revolving credit agreement, term loan and/or other long-term debt.

Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges

U.S. Cellular assesses its existing wireless interests on an ongoing basis with a goal of improving the competitiveness of its operations and maximizing its long-term return on investment. As part of this

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

strategy, U.S. Cellular reviews attractive opportunities to acquire additional wireless operating markets and wireless spectrum. In addition, U.S. Cellular may seek to divest outright or include in exchanges for other wireless interests those interests that are not strategic to its long-term success. As a result, U.S. Cellular may be engaged from time to time in negotiations relating to the acquisition, divestiture or exchange of companies, properties or wireless spectrum. In general, U.S. Cellular may not disclose such transactions until there is a definitive agreement. See Note 6—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to significant transactions, including expected pre-tax cash proceeds from such transactions in 2015.

Variable Interest Entities

U.S. Cellular consolidates certain entities because they are "variable interest entities" under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). See Note 13—Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to these variable interest entities. U.S. Cellular may elect to make additional capital contributions and/or advances to these variable interest entities in future periods in order to fund their operations.

FCC Spectrum Auction 97

In January 2015, the FCC released the results of Auction 97. U.S. Cellular participated in Auction 97 indirectly through its limited partnership interest in Advantage Spectrum. Advantage Spectrum was the provisional winning bidder of 124 licenses for an aggregate bid of $338.3 million, net of its anticipated designated entity discount of 25%. On or prior to March 2, 2015, Advantage Spectrum is required to pay the FCC for its bid amount, less the initial deposit of $60.0 million, plus certain other charges totaling $2.3 million. Advantage Spectrum expects to fund this capital requirement with loans and contributions made by U.S. Cellular. U.S. Cellular plans to use a portion of the proceeds received from the issuance of its 7.25% Senior Notes and term loan facility to provide these loans and contributions to Advantage Spectrum.

Common Share Repurchase Program

In the past year, U.S. Cellular has repurchased and expects to continue to repurchase its Common Shares, subject to its repurchase program. For additional information related to the current repurchase authorization and repurchases made during 2014, 2013 and 2012, see Note 15—Common Shareholders' Equity in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Part II, Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Contractual and Other Obligations

At December 31, 2014, the resources required for contractual obligations were as follows:

 
   
  Payments Due by Period  
(Dollars in millions)
  Total   Less Than
1 Year
  1 - 3
Years
  3 - 5
Years
  More Than
5 Years
 

Long-term debt obligations(1)

  $ 1,161.0   $   $   $   $ 1,161.0  

Interest payments on long-term debt obligations

    2,762.8     80.2     160.4     160.4     2,361.8  

Operating leases(2)

    1,278.6     139.3     233.5     165.3     740.5  

Capital leases

    3.9     0.2     0.4     0.4     2.9  

Purchase obligations(3)

    1,684.3     804.0     670.9     133.8     75.6  

  $ 6,890.6   $ 1,023.7   $ 1,065.2   $ 459.9   $ 4,341.8  

(1)
Includes current and long-term portions of debt obligations. The total long-term debt obligation differs from Long-term debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheet due to capital leases and the

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(2)
Includes future lease costs related to office space, retail sites, cell sites and equipment. See Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

(3)
Includes obligations payable under non-cancellable contracts, commitments for network facilities and transport services, agreements for software licensing, long-term marketing programs, and agreements with Apple to purchase certain minimum quantities of Apple iPhone products and fund marketing programs related to the Apple iPhone and iPad products. As described more fully in Note 6—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, U.S. Cellular expects to incur network-related exit costs in the Divestiture Markets as a result of the transaction, including: (i) costs to decommission cell sites and mobile telephone switching office ("MTSO") sites, (ii) costs to terminate real property leases and (iii) costs to terminate certain network access arrangements in the subject markets. The impacts of these exit activities on U.S. Cellular's purchase obligations are reflected in the table above only to the extent that agreements were consummated at December 31, 2014.

The table above excludes liabilities related to "unrecognized tax benefits" as defined by GAAP because U.S. Cellular is unable to predict the period of settlement of such liabilities. Such unrecognized tax benefits were $36.1 million at December 31, 2014. See Note 4—Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on unrecognized tax benefits.

Agreements

On November 25, 2014, U.S. Cellular executed a Master Statement of Work and certain other documents with Amdocs Software Systems Limited ("Amdocs"), effective October 1, 2014, that inter-relate with but rearrange the structure under previous Amdocs Agreements. The agreement provides that U.S. Cellular will now outsource to Amdocs certain support functions for its Billing and Operational Support System ("B/OSS"). Such functions include application support, billing operations and some infrastructure services. The agreement has a term through September 30, 2019, subject to five one-year renewal periods at U.S. Cellular's option. The total estimated amount to be paid to Amdocs with respect to the agreement during the initial five-year term is approximately $110 million (exclusive of travel and expenses and subject to certain potential adjustments).

During 2013, U.S. Cellular entered into agreements with Apple to purchase certain minimum quantities of Apple iPhone products and fund marketing programs related to the Apple iPhone and iPad products over a three-year period beginning in November 2013. Based on current forecasts, U.S. Cellular estimates that the remaining contractual commitment as of December 31, 2014 under these agreements is approximately $818 million. At this time, U.S. Cellular expects to meet its contractual commitments with Apple.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

U.S. Cellular had no transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements with unconsolidated entities involving "off-balance sheet arrangements," as defined by SEC rules, that had or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

U.S. Cellular prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. U.S. Cellular's significant accounting policies are discussed in detail in Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Management believes the application of the following critical accounting policies and the estimates required by such application reflect its most significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of U.S. Cellular's consolidated financial statements. Management has discussed the development and selection of each of the following accounting policies and related estimates and disclosures with the Audit Committee of U.S. Cellular's Board of Directors.

Intangible Asset Impairment

Goodwill and licenses represent a significant component of U.S. Cellular consolidated assets. These assets are considered to be indefinite lived assets and are therefore not amortized but tested annually for impairment. U.S. Cellular performs annual impairment testing of Goodwill and Licenses, as required by GAAP, as of November 1 of each year. Significant negative events, such as changes in any of the assumptions described below as well as decreases in forecasted cash flows, could result in an impairment in future periods.

See Note 7—Intangible Assets in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information related to Goodwill and Licenses activity in 2014 and 2013.

Goodwill

Based on the results of the U.S. Cellular annual Goodwill impairment assessment performed as of November 1, 2014, the fair value of each of the reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values. Therefore, no impairment of Goodwill existed.

For purposes of impairment testing of Goodwill in 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular identified four reporting units based on geographic service areas.

A discounted cash flow approach was used to value each reporting unit, using value drivers and risks specific to the industry and current economic factors. The cash flow estimates incorporated assumptions that market participants would use in their estimates of fair value and may not be indicative of U.S. Cellular specific assumptions. However, the discount rate used in the analysis accounts for any additional risk a market participant might place on integrating U.S. Cellular into its operations at the level of cash flows assumed under this approach. The most significant assumptions made in this process were the revenue growth rate (shown as a compound annual growth rate in the table below), the terminal revenue growth rate, the discount rate and capital expenditures as a percentage of revenue (shown as a simple average in the table below). There are uncertainties associated with these key assumptions and potential events and/or circumstances that could have a negative effect on these key assumptions, which are described below. These assumptions were as follows:

Key Assumptions
  November 1,
2014
 

Revenue growth rate(1)

    1.6 %

Terminal revenue growth rate(1)

    2.0 %

Discount rate(2)

    10.5 %

Capital expenditures as a percentage of revenue(3)

    16.5 %

(1)
There are risks that could negatively impact the projected revenue growth rates, including, but not limited to: the success of new and existing products/services, competition, operational difficulties and churn.

(2)
The discount rate of each reporting unit was computed by calculating the weighted average cost of capital of market participants with businesses reasonably comparable to U.S. Cellular. The discount rate is dependent upon the cost of capital of other industry market participants and the company specific risk. To the extent that the weighted average cost of capital of industry participants increases or U.S. Cellular's risk in relation to its peers

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(3)
Capital expenditures generally include costs to develop the network. To the extent costs associated with these capital expenditures increase at a rate higher than expected and disproportionate to forecasted future revenues, this could negatively impact future cash flows.

Provided all other assumptions remained the same, the discount rate would have to increase to a range of 11.1% to 12.5% to yield estimated fair values of reporting units that equal their respective carrying values at November 1, 2014. Further, assuming all other assumptions remained the same, the terminal growth rate assumptions would need to decrease to amounts ranging from negative 3.2% to positive 0.6% to yield estimates of fair value equal to the carrying values of the respective reporting unit at November 1, 2014.

The carrying value of each U.S. Cellular reporting unit as of November 1, 2014 and the percentage by which its estimated fair value exceeded carrying value was as follows:

Reporting Unit
  Carrying
Value
  Excess of estimated
Fair Value over
Carrying Value
 

(Dollars in millions)

             

Central Region

  $ 1,793     10.1 %

Mid-Atlantic Region

    491     18.2 %

New England Region

    202     30.0 %

Northwest Region

    160     36.3 %

Total

  $ 2,646        

Wireless Licenses

As of November 1, 2014, the estimated fair value of the licenses in each unit of accounting exceeded their carrying value. Therefore, no impairment of licenses existed. U.S. Cellular tests licenses for impairment at the level of reporting referred to as a unit of accounting. For purposes of its impairment testing of licenses as of November 1, 2014 and November 1, 2013, U.S. Cellular separated its FCC licenses into eleven units of accounting based on geographic service areas. In both 2014 and 2013, seven of the units of accounting represented geographic groupings of licenses which, because they were not being utilized and, therefore, were not expected to generate cash flows from operating activities in the foreseeable future, were considered separate units of accounting for purposes of impairment testing.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Developed operating market licenses ("built licenses")

U.S. Cellular applies the build-out method to estimate the fair values of built licenses. The most significant assumptions applied for purposes of the licenses impairment assessment were as follows:

Key Assumptions
  November 1,
2014
 

Build-out period(1)

    5 years  

Discount rate(2)

    8.75 %

Terminal revenue growth rate

    2.0 %

Terminal capital expenditures as a percentage of revenue

    14.5 %

Customer penetration rates

    12.0-16.3 %

(1)
The build-out period represents the estimated time to perform a hypothetical build of the network. Changes in the estimated build-out period can occur as a result of changes in resources and technology. Such changes could negatively or positively impact the results.

(2)
The discount rate used in the valuation of licenses is less than the discount rate used in the valuation of reporting units for purposes of goodwill impairment testing. The discount rate used for licenses includes a reduced company-specific risk premium as it is assumed a market participant starting a greenfield build would construct and operate its network in an optimal manner and would not be constrained by the current network and operations associated with a mature wireless company. The discount rate is estimated based on the overall risk-free interest rate adjusted for industry participant information, such as a typical capital structure (i.e., debt-equity ratio), the after-tax cost of debt and the cost of equity. The cost of equity takes into consideration the average risk specific to individual market participants. The weighted average cost of capital may increase if borrowing costs rise, market participants weight more of their capital structure towards equity (vs. debt), or other elements affecting the estimated cost of equity increase.

As of November 1, 2014, the fair values of the built licenses units of accounting exceeded their respective carrying values by amounts ranging from 12.8% to 42.9%. The discount rate would have to increase to a range of 9.0% to 9.3% to yield estimated fair values of licenses in the respective units of accounting that equal their respective carrying values at November 1, 2014.

Non-operating market licenses ("unbuilt licenses")

For purposes of performing impairment testing of unbuilt licenses, the fair value of the unbuilt licenses is assumed to have changed by the same percentage, and in the same direction, that the fair value of built licenses measured using the build-out method changed during the period. There was no impairment loss recognized related to unbuilt licenses as a result of the November 1, 2014 licenses impairment test.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Carrying Value of Licenses

The carrying value of licenses at November 1, 2014 was as follows:

Unit of Accounting(1)
  Carrying Value  

(Dollars in millions)

       

Built licenses

       

Central Region

  $ 804  

Mid-Atlantic Region

    234  

New England Region

    102  

Northwest Region

    68  

Unbuilt licenses

   
 
 

New England

    1  

North Northwest

    3  

South Northwest

    2  

North Central

    51  

South Central

    22  

East Central

    87  

Mid-Atlantic

    17  

Total(2)

  $ 1,391  

(1)
U.S. Cellular participated in spectrum auctions indirectly through its interests in Aquinas Wireless L.P. ("Aquinas Wireless") and King Street Wireless L.P. ("King Street Wireless"), collectively, the "limited partnerships." Interests in other limited partnerships that participated in spectrum auctions have since been acquired. Each limited partnership participated in and was awarded spectrum licenses in one of two separate spectrum auctions (FCC Auctions 78 and 73). All of the units of accounting above, except New England, include licenses awarded to the limited partnerships.

(2)
Between the November 1, 2014 impairment test date and the December 31, 2014 Consolidated Balance Sheet date, U.S. Cellular obtained licenses through a license exchange in the amount of $51 million and capitalized interest on certain licenses pursuant to current network build-outs in the amount of $1 million.

Income Taxes

U.S. Cellular is included in a consolidated federal income tax return with other members of the TDS consolidated group. TDS and U.S. Cellular are parties to a Tax Allocation Agreement which provides that U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries be included with the TDS affiliated group in a consolidated federal income tax return and in state income or franchise tax returns in certain situations. For financial statement purposes, U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries calculate their income, income tax and credits as if they comprised a separate affiliated group. Under the Tax Allocation Agreement, U.S. Cellular remits its applicable income tax payments to TDS.

The amounts of income tax assets and liabilities, the related income tax provision and the amount of unrecognized tax benefits are critical accounting estimates because such amounts are significant to U.S. Cellular's financial condition and results of operations.

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires U.S. Cellular to calculate a provision for income taxes. This process involves estimating the actual current income tax liability together with assessing temporary differences resulting from the different treatment of items for tax purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred income tax assets and liabilities, which are included in U.S. Cellular's Consolidated Balance Sheet. U.S. Cellular must then assess the likelihood that deferred

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

income tax assets will be realized based on future taxable income and, to the extent management believes that realization is not likely, establish a valuation allowance. Management's judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes, deferred income tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance that is established for deferred income tax assets.

U.S. Cellular recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution.

See Note 4—Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details regarding U.S. Cellular's income tax provision, deferred income taxes and liabilities, valuation allowances and unrecognized tax benefits, including information regarding estimates that impact income taxes.

Loyalty Reward Program

See the Revenue Recognition section of Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional description of this program and the related accounting.

U.S. Cellular follows the deferred revenue method of accounting for its loyalty reward program. Under this method, revenue allocated to loyalty reward points is deferred. The amount allocated to the loyalty points is based on the estimated retail price of the products and services for which points may be redeemed, as well as U.S. Cellular's estimate of the percentage of loyalty points that will be redeemed for each product or service. A significant change in any of the aforementioned assumptions used would impact the amount of revenue deferred and recognized under the loyalty reward program.

Revenue is recognized at the time of customer redemption or when such points have been depleted via an account maintenance charge. As a result of the accumulation of historical experience, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2013, U.S. Cellular began recognizing breakage under the proportional model. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2013, breakage was not recognized until incurred. Under the proportional model, U.S. Cellular allocates a portion of the estimated future breakage to each redemption and records revenue proportionally.

U.S. Cellular periodically reviews and if necessary, revises the redemption and depletion rates under this model as appropriate based on history and related future expectations. In 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular recognized $20.6 million and $16.8 million, respectively, in revenues related to estimated and actual breakage.

Equipment Installment Plans

U.S. Cellular offers customers the option to purchase certain devices under installment contracts over a period of up to 24 months and, under certain of these plans, offers the customer a trade-in right. Customers on an installment contract that elect to trade-in their device, will receive a credit in the amount of the outstanding balance of the installment contract, provided the subscriber trades-in an eligible used device in good working condition and purchases a new device from U.S. Cellular. Equipment revenue under these contracts is recognized at the time the device is delivered to the end-user customer for the selling price of the device, net of any deferred imputed interest or trade-in right, if applicable.

Trade-In Right

U.S. Cellular values the trade-in right as a guarantee liability. This liability is initially measured at fair value and is determined based on assumptions including the probability and timing of the customer upgrading to a new device and the estimated fair value of the used device eligible for trade-in. U.S. Cellular reevaluates its estimate of the guarantee liability at each reporting date. A significant change in any of

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

the aforementioned assumptions used to compute the guarantee liability would impact the amount of revenue recognized under these plans and the timing thereof. For the year ended December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular assumed the earliest contractual time of trade-in, or 12 months, for all customers on installment contracts with trade-in rights.

When a customer exercises the trade-in option, the difference between the outstanding receivable balance forgiven and the fair value of the used device is recorded as a reduction to the guarantee liability. If the customer does not exercise the trade-in option at the time he or she is eligible, U.S. Cellular begins amortizing the liability and records this amortization as additional operating revenue.

Interest

U.S. Cellular equipment installment plans do not provide for explicit interest charges. For equipment installment plans with a duration of greater than twelve months, U.S. Cellular imputes interest using a market rate and recognizes such interest income over the duration of the plan as a component of Interest and dividend income. Changes in the imputed interest rate would impact the amount of revenue recognized under these plans.

Allowance

U.S. Cellular maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that result from the failure of our customers to make payments due under the equipment installment plans. The allowance is estimated based on historical experience, account aging and other factors that could affect collectability. When it is probable that an account balance will not be collected, the account balance is charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts. To the extent that actual loss experience differs significantly from historical trends, the required allowance amounts could differ from the original estimates.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

See Note 18—Related Parties and Note 19—Certain Relationships and Related Transactions in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995
SAFE HARBOR CAUTIONARY STATEMENT

This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and other sections of this Annual Report contain statements that are not based on historical facts, including the words "believes," "anticipates," "intends," "expects" and similar words. These statements constitute and represent "forward-looking statements" as this term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, events or developments to be significantly different from any future results, events or developments expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to, the following risks:

Intense competition in the markets in which U.S. Cellular operates could adversely affect U.S. Cellular's revenues or increase its costs to compete.

A failure by U.S. Cellular to successfully execute its business strategy (including planned acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges) or allocate resources or capital could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

U.S. Cellular offers customers the option to purchase certain devices under installment contracts, which creates certain risks and uncertainties which could have an adverse impact on U.S. Cellular's financial condition or results of operations.

Changes in roaming practices or other factors could cause U.S. Cellular's roaming revenues to decline from current levels and/or impact U.S. Cellular's ability to service its customers in geographic areas where U.S. Cellular does not have its own network, which could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

A failure by U.S. Cellular to obtain access to adequate radio spectrum to meet current or anticipated future needs and/or to accurately predict future needs for radio spectrum could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

To the extent conducted by the Federal Communications Commission ("FCC"), U.S. Cellular is likely to participate in FCC auctions of additional spectrum in the future as an applicant or as a noncontrolling partner in another auction applicant and, during certain periods, will be subject to the FCC's anti-collusion rules, which could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular.

Changes in the regulatory environment or a failure by U.S. Cellular to timely or fully comply with any applicable regulatory requirements could adversely affect U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

An inability to attract people of outstanding potential, to develop their potential through education and assignments, and to retain them by keeping them engaged, challenged and properly rewarded could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

U.S. Cellular's assets are concentrated in the U.S. wireless telecommunications industry. As a result, its results of operations may fluctuate based on factors related primarily to conditions in this industry.

U.S. Cellular's lower scale relative to larger competitors could adversely affect its business, financial condition or results of operations.

Changes in various business factors could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

Advances or changes in technology could render certain technologies used by U.S. Cellular obsolete, could put U.S. Cellular at a competitive disadvantage, could reduce U.S. Cellular's revenues or could increase its costs of doing business.

Complexities associated with deploying new technologies present substantial risk.

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United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

U.S. Cellular is subject to numerous surcharges and fees from federal, state and local governments, and the applicability and the amount of these fees are subject to great uncertainty.

Performance under device purchase agreements could have a material adverse impact on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

Changes in U.S. Cellular's enterprise value, changes in the market supply or demand for wireless licenses, adverse developments in the business or the industry in which U.S. Cellular is involved and/or other factors could require U.S. Cellular to recognize impairments in the carrying value of its licenses, goodwill and/or physical assets.

Costs, integration problems or other factors associated with acquisitions, divestitures or exchanges of properties or licenses and/or expansion of U.S. Cellular's business could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

U.S. Cellular's investments in unproven technologies may not produce the benefits that U.S. Cellular expects.

A failure by U.S. Cellular to complete significant network construction and systems implementation activities as part of its plans to improve the quality, coverage, capabilities and capacity of its network, support and other systems and infrastructure could have an adverse effect on its operations.

Difficulties involving third parties with which U.S. Cellular does business, including changes in U.S. Cellular's relationships with or financial or operational difficulties of key suppliers or independent agents and third party national retailers who market U.S. Cellular services, could adversely affect U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

U.S. Cellular has significant investments in entities that it does not control. Losses in the value of such investments could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's financial condition or results of operations.

A failure by U.S. Cellular to maintain flexible and capable telecommunication networks or information technology, or a material disruption thereof, could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

Cyber-attacks or other breaches of network or information technology security could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

The market price of U.S. Cellular's Common Shares is subject to fluctuations due to a variety of factors.

Changes in facts or circumstances, including new or additional information, could require U.S. Cellular to record charges in excess of amounts accrued in the financial statements, which could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

Disruption in credit or other financial markets, a deterioration of U.S. or global economic conditions or other events could, among other things, impede U.S. Cellular's access to or increase the cost of financing its operating and investment activities and/or result in reduced revenues and lower operating income and cash flows, which would have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

Uncertainty of U.S. Cellular's ability to access capital, deterioration in the capital markets, other changes in market conditions, changes in U.S. Cellular's credit ratings or other factors could limit or restrict the availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to U.S. Cellular, which could require U.S. Cellular to reduce its construction, development or acquisition programs.

Settlements, judgments, restraints on its current or future manner of doing business and/or legal costs resulting from pending and future litigation could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

29



United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The possible development of adverse precedent in litigation or conclusions in professional studies to the effect that radio frequency emissions from wireless devices and/or cell sites cause harmful health consequences, including cancer or tumors, or may interfere with various electronic medical devices such as pacemakers, could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

Claims of infringement of intellectual property and proprietary rights of others, primarily involving patent infringement claims, could prevent U.S. Cellular from using necessary technology to provide products or services or subject U.S. Cellular to expensive intellectual property litigation or monetary penalties, which could have an adverse effect on U.S. Cellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.

There are potential conflicts of interests between TDS and U.S. Cellular.

Certain matters, such as control by TDS and provisions in the U.S. Cellular Restated Certificate of Incorporation, may serve to discourage or make more difficult a change in control of U.S. Cellular.

Any of the foregoing events or other events could cause revenues, earnings, capital expenditures and/or any other financial or statistical information to vary from U.S. Cellular's forward-looking estimates by a material amount.

See "Risk Factors" in U.S. Cellular's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 for a further discussion of these risks. U.S. Cellular undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Readers should evaluate any statements in light of these important factors.

30



United States Cellular Corporation
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

MARKET RISK

Long-Term Debt

As of December 31, 2014, the majority of U.S. Cellular's long-term debt was in the form of fixed-rate notes with maturities ranging up to 49 years. Fluctuations in market interest rates can lead to significant fluctuations in the fair value of these fixed-rate notes.

The following table presents the scheduled principal payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations, and the related weighted average interest rates by maturity dates at December 31, 2014:

 
  Principal Payments Due by Period  
(Dollars in millions)
  Long-Term Debt
Obligations(1)
  Weighted-Avg. Interest
Rates on Long-Term
Debt Obligations(2)
 

2015

  $     9.7 %

2016

    0.1     9.7 %

2017

    0.1     9.7 %

2018

    0.1     9.7 %

2019

    0.1     9.7 %

After 5 years

    1,162.7     6.9 %

Total

  $ 1,163.1     6.9 %

(1)
The total long-term debt obligation differs from Long-term debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheet due to the $11.3 million unamortized discount related to the 6.7% Senior Notes. See Note 11—Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

(2)
Represents the weighted average interest rates at December 31, 2014 for debt maturing in the respective periods.

Fair Value of Long-Term Debt

At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the estimated fair value of long-term debt obligations, excluding capital lease obligations and the current portion of such long-term debt, was $1,122.1 million and $817.5 million, respectively. The fair value of long-term debt, excluding capital lease obligations and the current portion of such long-term debt, was estimated using market prices for the 6.95% Senior Notes at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and 7.25% Senior Notes at December 31, 2014 and a discounted cash flow analysis for the 6.7% Senior Notes at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Other Market Risk Sensitive Instruments

The substantial majority of U.S. Cellular's other market risk sensitive instruments (as defined in item 305 of SEC Regulation S-K) are short-term, including Cash and cash equivalents. Accordingly, U.S. Cellular believes that a significant change in interest rates would not have a material effect on such other market risk sensitive instruments.

31



United States Cellular Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Operations

Year Ended December 31,
  2014   2013   2012  
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
   
   
   
 

Operating revenues

                   

Service

  $ 3,397,937   $ 3,594,773   $ 4,098,856  

Equipment sales

    494,810     324,063     353,228  

Total operating revenues

    3,892,747     3,918,836     4,452,084  

Operating expenses

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

System operations (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)

    769,911     763,435     946,805  

Cost of equipment sold

    1,192,669     999,000     935,947  

Selling, general and administrative (including charges from affiliates of $91.1 million, $99.2 million and $104.3 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012)

    1,591,914     1,677,395     1,764,933  

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

    605,997     803,781     608,633  

(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net

    21,469     30,606     18,088  

(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net

    (32,830 )   (246,767 )   21,022  

(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges

    (112,993 )   (255,479 )    

Total operating expenses

    4,036,137     3,771,971     4,295,428  

Operating income (loss)

   
(143,390

)
 
146,865
   
156,656
 

Investment and other income (expense)

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities

    129,764     131,949     90,364  

Interest and dividend income

    12,148     3,961     3,644  

Gain (loss) on investments

        18,556     (3,718 )

Interest expense

    (57,386 )   (43,963 )   (42,393 )

Other, net

    160     288     500  

Total investment and other income (expense)          

    84,686     110,791     48,397  

Income (loss) before income taxes

   
(58,704

)
 
257,656
   
205,053
 

Income tax expense (benefit)

    (11,782 )   113,134     63,977  

Net income (loss)

   
(46,922

)
 
144,522
   
141,076
 

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax

    (4,110 )   4,484     30,070  

Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders

  $ (42,812 ) $ 140,038   $ 111,006  

Basic weighted average shares outstanding

   
84,213
   
83,968
   
84,645
 

Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders

  $ (0.51 ) $ 1.67   $ 1.31  

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding

   
84,213
   
84,730
   
85,230
 

Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders

  $ (0.51 ) $ 1.65   $ 1.30  

Special dividend per share to U.S. Cellular shareholders

 
$

 
$

5.75
 
$

 

   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

32



United States Cellular Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

Year Ended December 31,
  2014   2013   2012  
(Dollars in thousands)
   
   
   
 

Cash flows from operating activities

                   

Net income (loss)

  $ (46,922 ) $ 144,522   $ 141,076  

Add (deduct) adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities

                   

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

    605,997     803,781     608,633  

Bad debts expense

    101,282     98,864     67,372  

Stock-based compensation expense

    22,383     15,844     21,466  

Deferred income taxes, net

    57,604     (75,348 )   49,244  

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities

    (129,764 )   (131,949 )   (90,364 )

Distributions from unconsolidated entities

    112,336     125,660     84,417  

(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net

    21,469     30,606     18,088  

(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net

    (32,830 )   (246,767 )   21,022  

(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges

    (112,993 )   (255,479 )    

(Gain) loss on investments

        (18,556 )   3,718  

Noncash interest expense

    1,155     1,059     (1,822 )

Other operating activities

    26     646     546  

Changes in assets and liabilities from operations

                   

Accounts receivable

    12,547     (291,168 )   (64,816 )

Equipment installment plans receivable

    (188,829 )   (591 )    

Inventory

    (28,878 )   (82,422 )   (28,786 )

Accounts payable—trade

    (95,587 )   85,199     (4,977 )

Accounts payable—affiliate

    (2,590 )   147     (1,458 )

Customer deposits and deferred revenues

    33,524     66,344     30,353  

Accrued taxes

    (99,483 )   30,037     73,064  

Accrued interest

    1,307     273     167  

Other assets and liabilities

    (59,412 )   (9,805 )   (27,652 )

    172,342     290,897     899,291  

Cash flows from investing activities

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment

    (605,083 )   (717,862 )   (826,400 )

Cash paid for acquisitions and licenses

    (38,150 )   (16,540 )   (122,690 )

Cash received from divestitures

    179,842     811,120     49,932  

Cash paid for investments

            (120,000 )

Cash received for investments

    50,000     100,000     125,000  

Federal Communications Commission deposit

    (60,000 )        

Other investing activities

    2,619     (3,969 )   (2,453 )

    (470,772 )   172,749     (896,611 )

Cash flows from financing activities

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Issuance of long-term debt

    275,000          

Repayment of borrowing under revolving credit facility

    (150,000 )        

Borrowing under revolving credit facility

    150,000          

Common shares reissued for benefit plans, net of tax payments

    830     5,784     (2,205 )

Common shares repurchased

    (18,943 )   (18,544 )   (20,045 )

Payment of debt issuance costs

    (9,644 )   (23 )   (514 )

Acquisition of licenses in common control transaction

    (76,298 )        

Dividends paid

        (482,270 )    

Distributions to noncontrolling interests

    (3,056 )   (3,766 )   (22,970 )

Payments to acquire additional interest in subsidiaries

        (1,005 )   (3,167 )

Other financing activities

    (11 )   (115 )   424  

    167,878     (499,939 )   (48,477 )

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

   
(130,552

)
 
(36,293

)
 
(45,797

)

Cash and cash equivalents

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Beginning of period

    342,065     378,358     424,155  

End of period

  $ 211,513   $ 342,065   $ 378,358  

   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

33



United States Cellular Corporation

Consolidated Balance Sheet—Assets

December 31,
  2014   2013  
(Dollars in thousands)
   
   
 

Current assets

             

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 211,513   $ 342,065  

Short-term investments

        50,104  

Accounts receivable

             

Customers and agents, less allowances of $37,654 and $59,206, respectively

    466,048     467,255  

Roaming

    23,865     30,136  

Affiliated

    994     980  

Other, less allowances of $859 and $1,032, respectively

    66,051     88,224  

Inventory, net

    267,068     238,188  

Prepaid expenses

    59,744     65,596  

Net deferred income tax asset

    93,058     99,105  

Other current assets

    90,834     19,538  

    1,279,175     1,401,191  

Assets held for sale

   
107,055
   
16,027
 

Investments

   
 
   
 
 

Licenses

    1,443,438     1,401,126  

Goodwill

    370,151     387,524  

Investments in unconsolidated entities

    283,014     265,585  

    2,096,603     2,054,235  

Property, plant and equipment

             

In service and under construction

    7,458,740     7,717,512  

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization

    4,730,523     4,860,992  

    2,728,217     2,856,520  

Other assets and deferred charges

   
276,218
   
117,735
 

Total assets

  $ 6,487,268   $ 6,445,708  

   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

34



United States Cellular Corporation

Consolidated Balance Sheet—Liabilities and Equity

December 31,
  2014   2013  
(Dollars and shares in thousands)
   
   
 

Current liabilities

             

Current portion of long-term debt

  $ 46   $ 166  

Accounts payable

             

Affiliated

    9,774     11,243  

Trade

    306,845     405,583  

Customer deposits and deferred revenues

    287,562     256,740  

Accrued taxes

    36,652     73,820  

Accrued compensation

    66,162     66,566  

Other current liabilities

    149,853     192,055  

    856,894     1,006,173  

Liabilities held for sale

   
20,934
   
 

Deferred liabilities and credits

   
 
   
 
 

Net deferred income tax liability

    859,867     836,297  

Other deferred liabilities and credits

    284,002     315,073  

Long-term debt

   
1,151,819
   
878,032
 

Commitments and contingencies

   
 
   
 
 

Noncontrolling interests with redemption features

   
1,150
   
536
 

Equity

   
 
   
 
 

U.S. Cellular shareholders' equity

             

Series A Common and Common Shares

             

Authorized 190,000 shares (50,000 Series A Common and 140,000 Common Shares)

             

Issued 88,074 shares (33,006 Series A Common and 55,068 Common Shares)

             

Outstanding 84,080 shares (33,006 Series A Common and 51,074 Common Shares) and 84,205 shares (33,006 Series A Common and 51,199 Common Shares), respectively              

             

Par Value ($1 per share) ($33,006 Series A Common and $55,068 Common Shares)

    88,074     88,074  

Additional paid-in capital

    1,472,558     1,424,729  

Treasury Shares, at cost, 3,994 and 3,869 Common Shares, respectively

    (169,139 )   (164,692 )

Retained earnings

    1,910,498     2,043,095  

Total U.S. Cellular shareholders' equity

    3,301,991     3,391,206  

Noncontrolling interests

    10,611     18,391  

Total equity

    3,312,602     3,409,597  

Total liabilities and equity

 
$

6,487,268
 
$

6,445,708
 

   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

35


United States Cellular Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

 
  U.S. Cellular Shareholders    
   
 
(Dollars in thousands)
  Series A
Common
and Common
Shares
  Additional
Paid-In
Capital
  Treasury
Shares
  Retained
Earnings
  Total
U.S. Cellular
Shareholders'
Equity
  Noncontrolling
Interests
  Total
Equity
 

Balance, December 31, 2013

  $ 88,074   $ 1,424,729   $ (164,692 ) $ 2,043,095   $ 3,391,206   $ 18,391   $ 3,409,597  

Add (Deduct)

                                           

Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders

                (42,812 )   (42,812 )       (42,812 )

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity

                        (4,787 )   (4,787 )

Repurchase of Common Shares

            (18,943 )       (18,943 )       (18,943 )

Incentive and compensation plans

            14,496     (13,518 )   978         978  

Stock-based compensation awards

        21,078             21,078         21,078  

Tax windfall (shortfall) from stock awards

        (1,161 )           (1,161 )       (1,161 )

Distributions to noncontrolling interests

                        (2,993 )   (2,993 )

Acquisition of licenses in common control transaction

        29,141         (76,267 )   (47,126 )       (47,126 )

Adjust investment in subsidiaries for noncontrolling interest purchases

        (1,229 )           (1,229 )       (1,229 )

Balance, December 31, 2014

  $ 88,074   $ 1,472,558   $ (169,139 ) $ 1,910,498   $ 3,301,991   $ 10,611   $ 3,312,602  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

36


United States Cellular Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

 
  U.S. Cellular Shareholders    
   
 
(Dollars in thousands)
  Series A
Common
and Common
Shares
  Additional
Paid-In
Capital
  Treasury
Shares
  Retained
Earnings
  Total
U.S. Cellular
Shareholders'
Equity
  Noncontrolling
Interests
  Total
Equity
 

Balance, December 31, 2012

  $ 88,074   $ 1,412,453   $ (165,724 ) $ 2,399,052   $ 3,733,855   $ 61,392   $ 3,795,247  

Add (Deduct)

                                           

Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders

                140,038     140,038         140,038  

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity

                        4,251     4,251  

Common and Series A Common Shares dividends

                (482,270 )   (482,270 )       (482,270 )

Repurchase of Common Shares

            (18,544 )       (18,544 )       (18,544 )

Incentive and compensation plans

        222     19,576     (13,725 )   6,073         6,073  

Stock-based compensation awards

        15,467             15,467         15,467  

Tax windfall (shortfall) from stock awards

        (3,267 )           (3,267 )       (3,267 )

Distributions to noncontrolling interests

                        (3,576 )   (3,576 )

Adjust investment in subsidiaries for noncontrolling interest purchases

        (146 )           (146 )   94     (52 )

Deconsolidation of partnerships

                        (43,770 )   (43,770 )

Balance, December 31, 2013

  $ 88,074   $ 1,424,729   $ (164,692 ) $ 2,043,095   $ 3,391,206   $ 18,391   $ 3,409,597  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

37


United States Cellular Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

 
  U.S. Cellular Shareholders    
   
 
(Dollars in thousands)
  Series A
Common
and Common
Shares
  Additional
Paid-In
Capital
  Treasury
Shares
  Retained
Earnings
  Total
U.S. Cellular
Shareholders'
Equity
  Noncontrolling
Interests
  Total
Equity
 

Balance, December 31, 2011

  $ 88,074   $ 1,387,341   $ (152,817 ) $ 2,297,363   $ 3,619,961   $ 55,956   $ 3,675,917  

Add (Deduct)

                                           

Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders

                111,006     111,006         111,006  

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity

                        30,019     30,019  

Repurchase of Common Shares

            (20,045 )       (20,045 )       (20,045 )

Incentive and compensation plans

        137     7,138     (9,317 )   (2,042 )       (2,042 )

Stock-based compensation awards

        21,249             21,249         21,249  

Tax windfall (shortfall) from stock awards

        (1,518 )           (1,518 )       (1,518 )

Distributions to noncontrolling interests

                        (22,970 )   (22,970 )

Adjust investment in subsidiaries for noncontrolling interest purchase

        5,244             5,244     (1,586 )   3,658  

Other

                        (27 )   (27 )

Balance, December 31, 2012

  $ 88,074   $ 1,412,453   $ (165,724 ) $ 2,399,052   $ 3,733,855   $ 61,392   $ 3,795,247  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

38



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

United States Cellular Corporation ("U.S. Cellular"), a Delaware Corporation, is an 84%-owned subsidiary of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. ("TDS").

Nature of Operations

U.S. Cellular owns, operates and invests in wireless systems throughout the United States. As of December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular served 4.8 million customers. U.S. Cellular has one reportable segment.

Principles of Consolidation

The accounting policies of U.S. Cellular conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). Unless otherwise specified, references to accounting provisions and GAAP in these notes refer to the requirements of the FASB ASC. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of U.S. Cellular, its majority-owned subsidiaries, general partnerships in which U.S. Cellular has a majority partnership interest and variable interest entities ("VIEs") in which U.S. Cellular is the primary beneficiary. Both VIE and primary beneficiary represent terms defined by GAAP.

Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2014 financial statement presentation. These reclassifications did not affect consolidated net income attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders, cash flows, assets, liabilities or equity for the years presented.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (a) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and (b) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates are involved in accounting for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, income taxes, the loyalty reward program and equipment installment plans.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash and short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts owed by customers for wireless services and equipment sales, including sales of certain devices under equipment installment plans, by agents for sales of equipment to them and by other wireless carriers whose customers have used U.S. Cellular's wireless systems.

The allowance for doubtful accounts is the best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses related to existing billed and unbilled accounts receivable. The allowance is estimated based on historical experience, account aging and other factors that could affect collectability. Accounts receivable balances are reviewed on either an aggregate or individual basis for collectability depending on the type of

39



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)

receivable. When it is probable that an account balance will not be collected, the account balance is charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts. U.S. Cellular does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.

The changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
  2014   2013   2012  

Beginning balance

  $ 60,238   $ 26,902   $ 23,537  

Additions, net of recoveries

    101,282     98,864     67,372  

Deductions

    (116,942 )   (65,528 )   (64,007 )

Ending balance(1)

  $ 44,578   $ 60,238   $ 26,902  

(1)
In 2014, this balance includes a $6.1 million allowance related to the long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment receivables.

Inventory

Inventory consists primarily of wireless devices stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out method and market determined by replacement costs or estimated net realizable value.

Goodwill

U.S. Cellular has Goodwill as a result of its acquisitions of wireless businesses. Such Goodwill represents the excess of the total purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in these transactions.

U.S. Cellular performs its annual impairment assessment of Goodwill as of November 1 of each year. For purposes of conducting its Goodwill impairment test in 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular identified four reporting units. The four reporting units represent four geographic groupings of operating markets, representing four geographic service areas. A discounted cash flow approach was used to value each reporting unit for purposes of the Goodwill impairment review.

See Note 7—Intangible Assets for additional details related to Goodwill.

Licenses

Licenses consist of direct and incremental costs incurred in acquiring Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") licenses to provide wireless service.

U.S. Cellular has determined that wireless licenses are indefinite-lived intangible assets and, therefore, not subject to amortization based on the following factors:

Radio spectrum is not a depleting asset.

The ability to use radio spectrum is not limited to any one technology.

U.S. Cellular and its consolidated subsidiaries are licensed to use radio spectrum through the FCC licensing process, which enables licensees to utilize specified portions of the spectrum for the provision of wireless service.

U.S. Cellular and its consolidated subsidiaries are required to renew their FCC licenses every ten years or, in some cases, every fifteen years. To date, all of U.S. Cellular's license renewal applications have been granted by the FCC. Generally, license renewal applications filed by licensees otherwise in

40



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)

U.S. Cellular performs its annual impairment assessment of its licenses as of November 1 of each year. For purposes of its 2014 and 2013 impairment testing of Licenses, U.S. Cellular separated its FCC licenses into eleven units of accounting based on geographic service areas. In both 2014 and 2013, seven of the units of accounting represented geographic groupings of licenses which, because they were not being utilized and, therefore, were not expected to generate cash flows from operating activities in the foreseeable future, were considered separate units of accounting for purposes of impairment testing. U.S. Cellular estimates the fair value of built licenses for purposes of impairment testing using the build-out method. The build-out method estimates the fair value of Licenses by discounting to present value the future cash flows calculated based on a hypothetical cost to build-out U.S. Cellular's network.

For units of accounting which consist of unbuilt licenses, the fair value of the unbuilt licenses is assumed to change by the same percentage, and in the same direction, that the fair value of built licenses measured using the build-out method changed during the period.

See Note 7—Intangible Assets for additional details related to Licenses.

Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

For its equity method investments for which financial information is readily available, U.S. Cellular records its equity in the earnings of the entity in the current period. For its equity method investments for which financial information is not readily available, U.S. Cellular records its equity in the earnings of the entity on a one quarter lag basis.

Property, Plant and Equipment

U.S. Cellular's Property, plant and equipment is stated at the original cost of construction or purchase including capitalized costs of certain taxes, payroll-related expenses, interest and estimated costs to remove the assets.

Expenditures that enhance the productive capacity of assets in service or extend their useful lives are capitalized and depreciated. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs of assets in service are charged to System operations expense or Selling, general and administrative expense, as applicable. Retirements and disposals of assets are recorded by removing the original cost of the asset (along with the related accumulated depreciation) from plant in service and charging it, together with net removal costs (removal costs less an applicable accrued asset retirement obligation and salvage value realized), to (Gain) loss on asset disposals, net.

U.S. Cellular capitalizes certain costs of developing new information systems.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the related asset.

U.S. Cellular depreciates leasehold improvement assets associated with leased properties over periods ranging from one to thirty years; such periods approximate the shorter of the assets' economic lives or the specific lease terms.

41



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)

Useful lives of specific assets are reviewed throughout the year to determine if changes in technology or other business changes would warrant accelerating the depreciation of those specific assets. Due to the Divestiture Transaction more fully described in Note 6—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges, U.S. Cellular changed the useful lives of certain assets in 2013 and 2012. Other than the Divestiture Transaction, there were no other material changes to useful lives of property, plant and equipment in 2014, 2013 or 2012. See Note 9—Property, Plant and Equipment for additional details related to useful lives.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

U.S. Cellular reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired.

U.S. Cellular has one asset group for purposes of assessing property, plant and equipment for impairment based on the fact that the individual operating markets are reliant on centrally operated data centers, mobile telephone switching offices and network operations center. U.S. Cellular operates a single integrated national wireless network, and the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities represent cash flows generated by this single interdependent network.

Agent Liabilities

U.S. Cellular has relationships with agents, which are independent businesses that obtain customers for U.S. Cellular. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular had accrued $95.3 million and $121.3 million, respectively, for amounts due to agents. This amount is included in Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Other Assets and Deferred Charges

Other assets and deferred charges include underwriters' and legal fees and other charges related to issuing U.S. Cellular's various borrowing instruments and other long-term agreements, and are amortized over the respective term of each instrument. The amounts of deferred charges included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2014 and 2013, are shown net of accumulated amortization of $34.2 million and $26.0 million, respectively. At December 31, 2014, Other assets and deferred charges includes a $60.0 million deposit made by Advantage Spectrum L.P. to the FCC to participate in Auction 97. See Note 13—Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

Asset Retirement Obligations

U.S. Cellular accounts for asset retirement obligations by recording the fair value of a liability for legal obligations associated with an asset retirement in the period in which the obligations are incurred. At the time the liability is incurred, U.S. Cellular records a liability equal to the net present value of the estimated cost of the asset retirement obligation and increases the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset by an equal amount. Until the obligation is fulfilled, U.S. Cellular updates its estimates relating to cash flows required and timing of settlement. U.S. Cellular records the present value of the changes in the future value as an increase or decrease to the liability and the related carrying amount of the long-lived asset. The liability is accreted to future value over a period ending with the estimated settlement date of the respective asset retirement obligation. The carrying amount of the long-lived asset is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the obligation, any difference between the cost to retire the asset and the recorded liability is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

42



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)

Treasury Shares

Common Shares repurchased by U.S. Cellular are recorded at cost as treasury shares and result in a reduction of equity. Treasury shares are reissued as part of U.S. Cellular's stock-based compensation programs. When treasury shares are reissued, U.S. Cellular determines the cost using the first-in, first-out cost method. The difference between the cost of the treasury shares and reissuance price is included in Additional paid-in capital or Retained earnings.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues related to services are recognized as services are rendered. Revenues billed in advance or in arrears of the services being provided are estimated and deferred or accrued, as appropriate.

Revenues from sales of equipment and accessories are recognized when title and risk of loss passes to the agent or end-user customer.

Multiple Deliverable Arrangements

U.S. Cellular sells multiple element service and equipment offerings. In these instances, revenues are allocated using the relative selling price method. Under this method, arrangement consideration, which consists of the amounts billed to the customer net of any cash-based discounts, is allocated to each element on the basis of its relative selling price. Revenue recognized for the delivered items is limited to the amount due from the customer that is not contingent upon the delivery of additional products or services.

Loyalty Reward Program

U.S. Cellular follows the deferred revenue method of accounting for its loyalty reward program. Under this method, revenue allocated to loyalty reward points is deferred. The amount allocated to the loyalty points is based on the estimated retail price of the products and services for which points may be redeemed divided by the number of loyalty points required to receive such products and services. This is calculated on a weighted average basis and requires U.S. Cellular to estimate the percentage of loyalty points that will be redeemed for each product or service.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular had deferred revenue related to loyalty reward points outstanding of $94.6 million and $116.2 million, respectively. These amounts are recorded in Customer deposits and deferred revenues (a current liability account) in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, as customers may redeem their reward points within the current period.

Revenue is recognized at the time of customer redemption or when such points have been depleted via an account maintenance charge. U.S. Cellular employs the proportional model to recognize revenues associated with breakage. Under the proportional model, U.S. Cellular allocates a portion of the estimated future breakage to each redemption and records revenue proportionally. U.S. Cellular periodically reviews and revises the redemption and depletion rates to estimate future breakage as appropriate based on history and related future expectations.

In the fourth quarter of 2013, U.S. Cellular issued loyalty reward points with a value of $43.5 million as a loyalty bonus in recognition of the inconvenience experienced by customers during U.S. Cellular's billing system conversion in 2013. The value of the loyalty bonus reduced Service revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and increased Customer deposits and deferred revenues in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

43



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)

Equipment Installment Plans

Equipment revenue under equipment installment plan contracts is recognized at the time the device is delivered to the end-user customer for the selling price of the device, net of any deferred imputed interest or trade-in right, if applicable. Imputed interest is reflected as a reduction to the receivable balance and recognized over the duration of the plan as a component of Interest and dividend income. See Note 3—Equipment Installment Plans for additional information.

Incentives

Discounts and incentives are recognized as a reduction of Operating revenues concurrently with the associated revenue, and are allocated to the various products and services in the bundled offering based on their respective relative selling price.

U.S. Cellular issues rebates to its agents and end customers. These incentives are recognized as a reduction to revenue at the time the wireless device sale to the agent or customer occurs, respectively. The total potential rebates and incentives are reduced by U.S. Cellular's estimate of rebates that will not be redeemed by customers based on historical experience of such redemptions.

Activation Fees

U.S. Cellular charges its end customers activation fees in connection with the sale of certain services and equipment. Device activation fees charged at U.S. Cellular agent locations, where U.S. Cellular does not also sell a wireless device to the customer, are deferred and recognized over the average device life. Device activation fees charged as a result of device sales at U.S. Cellular company-owned retail stores are recognized at the time the device is delivered to the customer.

Amounts Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities—Gross vs. Net

U.S. Cellular records amounts collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities net within a tax liability account if the tax is assessed upon the customer and U.S. Cellular merely acts as an agent in collecting the tax on behalf of the imposing governmental authority. If the tax is assessed upon U.S. Cellular, then amounts collected from customers as recovery of the tax are recorded in Service revenues and amounts remitted to governmental authorities are recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The amounts recorded gross in revenues that are billed to customers and remitted to governmental authorities totaled $97.0 million, $114.7 million and $135.7 million for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Eligible Telecommunications Carrier ("ETC") Revenues

Telecommunications companies may be designated by states, or in some cases by the FCC, as an ETC to receive support payments from the Universal Service Fund if they provide specified services in "high cost" areas. ETC revenues recognized in the reporting period represent the amounts which U.S. Cellular is entitled to receive for such period, as determined and approved in connection with U.S. Cellular's designation as an ETC in various states.

Advertising Costs

U.S. Cellular expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs totaled $204.9 million, $199.9 million and $227.0 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

44



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)

Income Taxes

U.S. Cellular is included in a consolidated federal income tax return with other members of the TDS consolidated group. TDS and U.S. Cellular are parties to a Tax Allocation Agreement which provides that U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries be included with the TDS affiliated group in a consolidated federal income tax return and in state income or franchise tax returns in certain situations. For financial statement purposes, U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries calculate their income, income taxes and credits as if they comprised a separate affiliated group. Under the Tax Allocation Agreement, U.S. Cellular remits its applicable income tax payments to TDS. U.S. Cellular had a tax receivable balance with TDS of $74.3 million and a tax payable balance of $34.8 million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Deferred taxes are computed using the liability method, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for future deductible temporary differences and operating loss carryforwards, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for future taxable temporary differences. Both deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates anticipated to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. U.S. Cellular evaluates income tax uncertainties, assesses the probability of the ultimate settlement with the applicable taxing authority and records an amount based on that assessment.

Stock-Based Compensation

U.S. Cellular has established a long-term incentive plan and a Non-Employee Director compensation plan. These plans are described more fully in Note 16—Stock-based Compensation. These plans are considered compensatory plans and, therefore, recognition of compensation cost for grants made under these plans is required.

U.S. Cellular values its share-based payment transactions using a Black-Scholes valuation model. Stock-based compensation cost recognized during the period is based on the portion of the share-based payment awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Accordingly, stock-based compensation cost recognized has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Pre-vesting forfeitures and expected life are estimated based on historical experience related to similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior. U.S. Cellular believes that its historical experience provides the best estimates of future pre-vesting forfeitures and future expected life. The expected volatility assumption is based on the historical volatility of U.S. Cellular's common stock over a period commensurate with the expected life. The dividend yield assumption is zero because U.S. Cellular has never paid a dividend, except a special cash dividend in June 2013, and has expressed its intention to retain all future earnings in the business. The risk-free interest rate assumption is determined using the U.S. Treasury Yield Curve Rate with a term length that approximates the expected life of the stock options.

The fair value of options is recognized as compensation cost over the respective requisite service period of the awards, which is generally the vesting period, on a straight-line basis for each separate vesting portion of the awards as if the awards were, in-substance, multiple awards (graded vesting attribution method).

45



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)

Defined Contribution Plans

U.S. Cellular participates in a qualified noncontributory defined contribution pension plan sponsored by TDS; such plan provides pension benefits for the employees of U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries. Under this plan, pension benefits and costs are calculated separately for each participant and are funded currently. Pension costs were $10.6 million, $10.4 million and $12.4 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

U.S. Cellular also participates in a defined contribution retirement savings plan ("401(k) plan") sponsored by TDS. Total costs incurred for U.S. Cellular's contributions to the 401(k) plan were $14.9 million, $15.4 million and $17.1 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

On April 10, 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity ("ASU 2014-08"). ASU 2014-08 changes the requirements and disclosures for reporting discontinued operations. U.S. Cellular was required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-08 effective January 1, 2015, but early adoption was permitted. U.S. Cellular adopted the provisions of ASU 2014-08 upon its issuance. The adoption of ASU 2014-08 did not have a significant impact on U.S. Cellular's financial position or results of operations.

On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 outlines a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. U.S. Cellular is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-09 effective January 1, 2017. Early adoption is prohibited. U.S. Cellular is evaluating what effects the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on U.S. Cellular's financial position and results of operations.

On August 27, 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern ("ASU 2014-15"). ASU 2014-15 requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date financial statements are issued and provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going concern uncertainties in financial statements. U.S. Cellular is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-15 effective January 1, 2016, but early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2014-15 is not expected to impact U.S. Cellular's financial position or results of operations.

On January 9, 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-01, Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items ("ASU 2015-01"). ASU 2015-01 eliminates from GAAP the requirement to separately classify, present and disclose extraordinary events and transactions. U.S. Cellular is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2015-01 effective January 1, 2016, but early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2015-01 is not expected to impact U.S. Cellular's financial position or results of operations.

On February 18, 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-02, Consolidation: Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis ("ASU 2015-02"). ASU 2015-02 simplifies consolidation accounting by reducing the number of consolidation models and changing various aspects of current GAAP, including certain consolidation criteria for variable interest entities. U.S. Cellular is required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2015-02 effective January 1, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. U.S. Cellular is still assessing the impact, if any, the adoption of ASU 2015-02 will have on U.S. Cellular's financial position or results of operations.

46



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 2 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, U.S. Cellular did not have any financial or nonfinancial assets or liabilities that were required to be recorded at fair value in its Consolidated Balance Sheet in accordance with GAAP.

The provisions of GAAP establish a fair value hierarchy that contains three levels for inputs used in fair value measurements. Level 1 inputs include quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in inactive markets. Level 3 inputs are unobservable. A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is not representative of its expected performance or its overall risk profile and, therefore, Level 3 assets are not necessarily higher risk than Level 2 assets or Level 1 assets.

U.S. Cellular has applied the provisions of fair value accounting for purposes of computing the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes as displayed below.

 
   
  December 31, 2014   December 31, 2013  
 
  Level within the
Fair Value
Hierarchy
 
 
  Book Value   Fair Value   Book Value   Fair Value  

(Dollars in thousands)

                               

Cash and cash equivalents

    1   $ 211,513   $ 211,513   $ 342,065   $ 342,065  

Short-term investments

                               

U.S. Treasury Notes

    1             50,104     50,104  

Long-term debt

                               

Retail

    2     617,000     608,462     342,000     309,852  

Institutional

    2     532,722     513,647     532,449     507,697  

Short-term investments are designated as held-to-maturity investments and recorded at amortized cost in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. For these investments, U.S. Cellular's objective is to earn a higher rate of return on funds that are not anticipated to be required to meet liquidity needs in the near term, while maintaining a low level of investment risk.

The fair values of Cash and cash equivalents and Short-term investments approximate their book values due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments. Long-term debt excludes capital lease obligations and the current portion of Long-term debt. The fair value of "Retail" Long-term debt was estimated using market prices for the 6.95% Senior Notes and 7.25% Senior Notes. U.S. Cellular's "Institutional" debt consists of the 6.7% Senior Notes which are traded over the counter. U.S. Cellular estimated the fair value of its Institutional debt through a discounted cash flow analysis using an estimated yield to maturity of 7.25% and 7.35% at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

NOTE 3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLMENT PLANS

U.S. Cellular offers customers the option to purchase certain devices under equipment installment contracts over a period of up to 24 months. For certain equipment installment plans, after a specified period of time, the customer may have the right to upgrade to a new device and have the remaining unpaid equipment installment contract balance waived, subject to certain conditions, including trading in the original device in good working condition and signing a new equipment installment contract. U.S. Cellular values this trade-in right as a guarantee liability. The guarantee liability is initially measured at fair value and is determined based on assumptions including the probability and timing of the customer upgrading to a new device and the fair value of the device being traded-in at the time of trade-in. As of December 31, 2014, the guarantee liability related to these plans was $57.5 million and is reflected in Customer deposits and deferred revenues in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

47



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLMENT PLANS (Continued)

U.S. Cellular equipment installment plans do not provide for explicit interest charges. For equipment installment plans with duration of greater than twelve months, U.S. Cellular imputes interest.

The following table summarizes the unbilled equipment installment plan receivables as of December 31, 2014 and 2013. Such amounts are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as Accounts receivable—customers and agents and Other assets and deferred charges, where applicable.

(Dollars in thousands)
  December 31, 2014   December 31, 2013  

Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross

  $ 127,400   $ 611  

Short-term portion of unbilled deferred interest

    (16,365 )    

Short-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses

    (3,686 )   (20 )

Short-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net

  $ 107,349   $ 591  

Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, gross

  $ 89,435   $  

Long-term portion of unbilled deferred interest

    (2,791 )    

Long-term portion of unbilled allowance for credit losses

    (6,065 )    

Long-term portion of unbilled equipment installment plan receivables, net

  $ 80,579   $  

U.S. Cellular considers the collectability of the equipment installment plan receivables based on historical payment experience, account aging and other qualitative factors. The credit profiles of U.S. Cellular's customers on equipment installment plans are similar to those of U.S. Cellular customers with traditional subsidized plans. Customers with a higher risk credit profile are required to make a deposit for equipment purchased through an installment contract.

NOTE 4 INCOME TAXES

U.S. Cellular is included in a consolidated federal income tax return and in certain state income tax returns with other members of the TDS consolidated group. For financial statement purposes, U.S. Cellular and its subsidiaries compute their income tax expense as if they comprised a separate affiliated group and were not included in the TDS consolidated group.

U.S. Cellular's current income taxes balances at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:

December 31,
  2014   2013  

(Dollars in thousands)

             

Federal income taxes receivable (payable)

  $ 73,510   $ (32,351 )

Net state income taxes receivable (payable)

    1,199     (1,545 )

48



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 4 INCOME TAXES (Continued)

Income tax expense (benefit) is summarized as follows:

Year Ended December 31,
  2014   2013   2012  

(Dollars in thousands)

                   

Current

                   

Federal

  $ (77,931 ) $ 180,056   $ 10,547  

State

    8,545     8,426     4,186  

Deferred

                   

Federal

    44,881     (69,917 )   54,490  

State

    6,276     (5,431 )   (5,246 )

State—valuation allowance adjustment

    6,447          

  $ (11,782 ) $ 113,134   $ 63,977  

A reconciliation of U.S. Cellular's income tax expense computed at the statutory rate to the reported income tax expense, and the statutory federal income tax expense rate to U.S. Cellular's effective income tax expense rate is as follows:

 
  2014   2013   2012  
Year Ended December 31,
  Amount   Rate   Amount   Rate   Amount   Rate  
(Dollars in millions)
   
   
   
   
   
   
 

Statutory federal income tax expense and rate

  $ (20.5 )   35.0 % $ 90.2     35.0 % $ 71.8     35.0 %

State income taxes, net of federal benefit(1)

    12.2     (20.8 )   5.2     2.0     3.7     1.8  

Effect of noncontrolling interests

    (5.8 )   9.8     (2.2 )   (0.9 )   (6.3 )   (3.1 )

Gains (losses) on investments and sale of assets(2)

            20.5     8.0          

Correction of deferred taxes(3)

                    (5.3 )   (2.6 )

Other differences, net

    2.3     (3.9 )   (0.6 )   (0.2 )   0.1     0.1  

Total income tax expense and rate

  $ (11.8 )   20.1 % $ 113.1     43.9 % $ 64.0     31.2 %

(1)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit, include changes in unrecognized tax benefits as well as adjustments to the valuation allowance. During the third quarter of 2014 U.S. Cellular recorded a $6.4 million increase to income tax expense related to a valuation allowance recorded against certain state deferred tax assets. In each interim period, U.S. Cellular evaluates the available positive and negative evidence to assess whether deferred tax assets are realizable, on a more likely than not basis. During the year ended December 31, 2014, based on revised forecasts of future state income, U.S. Cellular concluded that the negative evidence related to the realization of certain state deferred tax assets outweighed the positive evidence. Accordingly, U.S. Cellular determined that such deferred tax assets related to certain states were not realizable, on a more likely than not basis.

(2)
Gains (losses) on investments and sale of assets represents 2013 tax expense related to the NY1 & NY2 Deconsolidation and the Divestiture Transaction.

(3)
Correction of deferred taxes reflects immaterial adjustments to correct deferred tax balances in 2012 related to tax basis and law changes that related to periods prior to 2012.

49



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 4 INCOME TAXES (Continued)

Significant components of U.S. Cellular's deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:

December 31,
  2014   2013  

(Dollars in thousands)

             

Deferred tax assets

             

Current deferred tax assets

  $ 96,886   $ 102,088  

Net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards

    72,878     61,294  

Stock-based compensation

    21,072     19,028  

Compensation and benefits—other

    2,586     3,746  

Deferred rent

    18,513     19,462  

Other

    26,116     24,604  

Total deferred tax assets

    238,051     230,222  

Less valuation allowance

    (53,119 )   (43,375 )

Net deferred tax assets

    184,932     186,847  

Deferred tax liabilities

             

Property, plant and equipment

    520,723     503,491  

Licenses/intangibles

    275,456     282,764  

Partnership investments

    149,371     133,931  

Other

    4,135     3,853  

Total deferred tax liabilities

    949,685     924,039  

Net deferred income tax liability

  $ 764,753   $ 737,192  

At December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular and certain subsidiaries had $1,439.4 million of state NOL carryforwards (generating a $59.4 million deferred tax asset) available to offset future taxable income. The state NOL carryforwards expire between 2015 and 2034. Certain subsidiaries had federal NOL carryforwards (generating a $13.5 million deferred tax asset) available to offset their future taxable income. The federal NOL carryforwards expire between 2018 and 2034. A valuation allowance was established for certain state NOL carryforwards and federal NOL carryforwards since it is more likely than not that a portion of such carryforwards will expire before they can be utilized.

A summary of U.S. Cellular's deferred tax asset valuation allowance is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
  2014   2013   2012  

Balance at January 1,

  $ 43,375   $ 41,295   $ 30,261  

Charged to income tax expense

    9,744     (1,527 )   3,033  

Charged to other accounts

        3,607     8,001  

Balance at December 31,

  $ 53,119   $ 43,375   $ 41,295  

As of December 31, 2014, the valuation allowance reduced current deferred tax assets by $3.8 million and noncurrent deferred tax assets by $49.2 million.

50



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 4 INCOME TAXES (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands)
  2014   2013   2012  

Unrecognized tax benefits balance at January 1,

  $ 28,813   $ 26,460   $ 28,745  

Additions for tax positions of current year

    7,766     5,925     6,656  

Additions for tax positions of prior years

    154     1,501     854  

Reductions for tax positions of prior years

    (554 )   (45 )   (115 )

Reductions for settlements of tax positions

        (576 )    

Reductions for lapses in statutes of limitations

    (104 )   (4,452 )   (9,680 )

Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31,

  $ 36,075   $ 28,813   $ 26,460  

Unrecognized tax benefits are included in Accrued taxes and Other deferred liabilities and credits in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. If these benefits were recognized, they would have reduced income tax expense in 2014, 2013 and 2012 by $23.4 million, $18.7 million and $17.2 million, respectively, net of the federal benefit from state income taxes. As of December 31, 2014, it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits could decrease by approximately $10 million in the next twelve months. The nature of the uncertainty relates primarily to state income tax positions and their resolution or the expiration of statutes of limitation.

U.S. Cellular recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in Income tax expense. The amounts charged to income tax expense related to interest and penalties resulted in an expense of $3.5 million and $0.6 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively, and a benefit of $2.2 million in 2012. Net accrued interest and penalties were $16.2 million and $12.3 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

U.S. Cellular is included in TDS' consolidated federal income tax return. U.S. Cellular also files various state and local income tax returns. The TDS consolidated group remains subject to federal income tax audits for the tax years after 2011. With only a few exceptions, TDS is no longer subject to state income tax audits for years prior to 2010.

NOTE 5 EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period adjusted to include the effects of potentially dilutive securities. Potentially dilutive securities primarily include incremental shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and the vesting of restricted stock units.

51



United States Cellular Corporation

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

NOTE 5 EARNINGS PER SHARE (Continued)

The amounts used in computing earnings (loss) per common share and the effects of potentially dilutive securities on the weighted average number of common shares were as follows:

Year ended December 31,
  2014   2013   2012  

(Dollars and shares in thousands, except earnings per share)

                   

Net income (loss) attributable to U.S. Cellular shareholders

  $ (42,812 ) $ 140,038   $ 111,006  

Weighted average number of shares used in basic earnings (loss) per share

    84,213     83,968     84,645  

Effect of dilutive securities:

                   

Stock options(1)

        211     184