sv3
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 19, 2009
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
Form S-3
Registration Statement
Under
The Securities Act of 1933
PS Business Parks, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
|
|
|
California
(State or Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation or Organization)
|
|
95-4300881
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
701 Western Avenue
Glendale, California 91201-2397
(818) 244-8080
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrants Principal
Executive Offices)
Joseph D. Russell, Jr.
President & Chief Executive Officer
PS Business Parks, Inc.
701 Western Avenue
Glendale, California 91201-2397
(818) 244-8080
(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent for Service)
Copies to:
Stephanie Heim, Esq.
PS Business Parks, Inc.
701 Western Avenue
Glendale, California 91201-2397
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: From time to time after the
effective date of this Registration Statement.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or
interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. o
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or
continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities
offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. þ
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule
462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities
Act, check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same
offering. o
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a
post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission
pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement pursuant to General
Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities
pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated
filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated
filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Large accelerated filer þ |
|
Accelerated filer o |
|
Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
|
Smaller reporting company o |
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proposed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Price Per |
|
|
Proposed Maximum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount to be |
|
|
Share or |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
Amount of |
|
|
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered |
|
|
Registered |
|
|
Per Unit |
|
|
Offering Price |
|
|
Registration Fee |
|
|
Common Stock, $.01 par value per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred Stock, $.01 par value per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depositary Shares Representing Interests in
Preferred Stock (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity Stock, $.01 par value per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depositary Shares Representing Interests in
Equity Stock (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warrants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Debt Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Units (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
550,000,000 |
(3) |
|
|
$ |
30,690 |
(4) |
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Each depositary share will be issued under a deposit agreement, will represent an interest in
a fractional share or multiple shares of preferred stock or equity stock and will be evidenced
by a depositary receipt. |
|
(2) |
|
Each unit will be issued under a unit agreement or indenture and will represent an interest
in one or more debt securities, warrants, shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock,
shares of equity stock, or depositary shares, which may or may not be separable from one
another. |
|
(3) |
|
Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o)
of the Securities Act. Rule 457(o) permits the registration fee to be calculated on the basis
of the maximum offering price of all of the securities listed and, therefore, the table does
not specify by each class information as to the amount to be registered or the proposed
maximum aggregate offering price per security. The amount of securities registered consists of
$550,000,000 of an indeterminate number or amount of common stock, preferred stock, depositary
shares representing preferred stock, equity stock, depositary
shares representing equity stock, warrants, debt securities and units of the Registrant. In no
event will the aggregate offering price of all securities issued from time to time pursuant to this
registration statement exceed $550,000,000. If any debt securities are issued at an original issue
discount, then the offering price of those debt securities will be in such greater principal amount
as will result in an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $550,000,000. There is also
being registered hereunder such currently indeterminate number and amount of common stock,
preferred stock and debt securities as may be issued upon conversion of or exchange for preferred
stock, warrants or debt securities that provide for conversion or exchange. |
|
(4) |
|
The Registrant previously paid a registration fee of $30,700 with respect to securities that
were previously registered pursuant to the registration statement on Form S-3ASR (File
No. 333-140972) initially filed by PS Business Parks, Inc. on February 28, 2007, of which none
has been used thereunder. In accordance with Rule 457(p), $30,690 of the unused registration
fee paid with respect to the prior registration statement will be applied to pay the
registration fee payable with respect to the securities registered under this registration
statement. |
The Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary
to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically
states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with
section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become
effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said section 8(a), may
determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these
securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is
effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an
offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion, dated June 19, 2009
$550,000,000
By this prospectus, we may offer-
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Equity Stock
Depositary Shares
Warrants
Debt Securities
Units
We will provide the specific terms of
these securities in supplements to
this prospectus. You should read this
prospectus and the supplements
carefully before you invest.
Corporate Headquarters:
701 Western Avenue
Glendale, CA 91201-2397
(818) 244-8080
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol PSB.
Investing in our securities involves risks. Please read Risk Factors beginning on page 1
for a discussion of material risks you should consider before you invest.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
regulator has approved or disapproved of the securities to be issued under this
prospectus or determined if this prospectus is accurate or adequate. Any
representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
, 2009
You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with
different information. We are not making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer
is not permitted. You should not assume that the information contained in or incorporated by
reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the
date on the front of those documents.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26 |
|
i
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
68 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
68 |
|
ii
PS Business Parks, Inc. is a fully-integrated, self-advised and self-managed real estate
investment trust, or REIT, that acquires, develops, owns and operates commercial properties,
primarily multi-tenant flex, office and industrial space. As of March 31, 2009, PS Business Parks,
Inc. owned 73.7% of the common partnership units of PS Business Parks, L.P., which we refer to in
this prospectus as the operating partnership. The remaining common partnership units were owned
by Public Storage and its affiliated entities. PS Business Parks, Inc., as the sole general
partner of the operating partnership, has full, exclusive and complete responsibility and
discretion in managing and controlling the operating partnership. Unless otherwise indicated or
unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this prospectus to PS Business Parks,
the company, we, us, our and similar references mean PS Business Parks, Inc. and its
subsidiaries, including the operating partnership.
RISK FACTORS
Before investing in our securities, you should consider the following risks and detriments:
Public Storage has significant influence over us.
At March 31, 2009, Public Storage and its affiliates owned 26.4% of the outstanding shares of
our common stock and 26.3% of the outstanding common units of the operating partnership (100% of
the common units not owned by us). Assuming conversion of its partnership units, Public Storage
would own 45.7% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Ronald L. Havner, Jr., our chairman,
is also the Chief Executive Officer, President and a Director of Public Storage. Harvey Lenkin is a
Director of both our company and Public Storage. Consequently, Public Storage has the ability to
significantly influence all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, including electing
directors, changing our articles of incorporation, dissolving and approving other extraordinary
transactions such as mergers, and all matters requiring the consent of the limited partners of the
operating partnership. Public Storages interest in such matters may differ from other
shareholders. In addition, Public Storages ownership may make it more difficult for another party
to take over our company without Public Storages approval.
Provisions in our organizational documents may prevent changes in control.
Our articles generally prohibit owning more than 7% of our shares: Our articles of
incorporation restrict the number of shares that may be owned by any other person, and the
partnership agreement of our operating partnership contains an anti-takeover provision. No
shareholder (other than Public Storage and certain other specified shareholders) may own more than
7% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, unless our board of directors waives this
limitation. We imposed this limitation to avoid, to the extent possible, a concentration of
ownership that might jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT. This limitation, however, also
makes a change of control much more difficult (if not impossible) even if it may be favorable to
our public shareholders. These provisions will prevent future takeover attempts not approved by
Public Storage even if a majority of our public shareholders consider it to be in their best
interests because they would receive a premium for their shares over the shares then market value
or for other reasons.
- 1 -
Our board can set the terms of certain securities without shareholder approval: Our board of
directors is authorized, without shareholder approval, to issue up to 50.0 million shares of
preferred stock and up to 100.0 million shares of equity stock, in each case in one or more series.
Our board has the right to set the terms of each of these series of stock. Consequently, the board
could set the terms of a series of stock that could make it difficult (if not impossible) for
another party to take over our company even if it might be favorable to our public shareholders.
Our articles of incorporation also contain other provisions that could have the same effect. We can
also cause our operating partnership to issue additional interests for cash or in exchange for
property.
The partnership agreement of our operating partnership restricts mergers: The partnership
agreement of our operating partnership generally provides that we may not merge or engage in a
similar transaction unless the limited partners of our operating partnership are entitled to
receive the same proportionate payments as our shareholders. In addition, we have agreed not to
merge unless the merger would have been approved had the limited partners been able to vote
together with our shareholders, which has the effect of increasing Public Storages influence over
us due to Public Storages ownership of operating partnership units. These provisions may make it
more difficult for us to merge with another entity.
Our operating partnership poses additional risks to us.
Limited partners of our operating partnership, including Public Storage, have the right to
vote on certain changes to the partnership agreement. They may vote in a way that is against the
interests of our shareholders. Also, as general partner of our operating partnership, we are
required to protect the interests of the limited partners of the operating partnership. The
interests of the limited partners and of our shareholders may differ.
We would incur adverse tax consequences if we fail to qualify as a REIT.
Our cash flow would be reduced if we fail to qualify as a REIT: While we believe that we have
qualified since 1990 to be taxed as a REIT, and will continue to be so qualified, we cannot be
certain. To continue to qualify as a REIT, we need to satisfy certain requirements under the
federal income tax laws relating to our income, assets, distributions to shareholders and
shareholder base. In this regard, the share ownership limits in our articles of incorporation do
not necessarily ensure that our shareholder base is sufficiently diverse for us to qualify as a
REIT. For any year we fail to qualify as a REIT, we would be taxed at regular corporate tax rates
on our taxable income unless certain relief provisions apply. Taxes would reduce our cash available
for distributions to shareholders or for reinvestment, which could adversely affect us and our
shareholders. Also we would not be allowed to elect REIT status for five years after we fail to
qualify unless certain relief provisions apply.
We may need to borrow funds to meet our REIT distribution requirements: To qualify as a REIT,
we must generally distribute to our shareholders 90% of our taxable income. Our income consists
primarily of our share of our operating partnerships income. We intend to make sufficient
distributions to qualify as a REIT and otherwise avoid corporate tax. However, differences in
timing between income and expenses and the need to make nondeductible
- 2 -
expenditures such as capital improvements and principal payments on debt could force us to
borrow funds to make necessary shareholder distributions.
The recent market disruptions may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
The global financial markets are currently undergoing pervasive and fundamental disruptions.
The continuation or intensification of any such volatility may have an adverse impact on the
availability of credit to businesses generally and could lead to a further weakening of the U.S.
and global economies. To the extent that turmoil in the financial markets continues or intensifies,
it has the potential to materially, adversely affect the value of our properties, the availability
or the terms of financing and may impact the ability of our customers to enter into new leasing
transactions or satisfy rental payments under existing leases. The current market disruption could
also affect our operating results and financial condition as follows:
Debt and Equity Markets: Our results of operations and share price are sensitive to the
volatility of the credit markets. The commercial real estate debt markets are currently
experiencing volatility as a result of certain factors, including the tightening of underwriting
standards by lenders and credit rating agencies and the significant inventory of unsold
collateralized mortgage backed securities in the market. Credit spreads for major sources of
capital have widened significantly as investors have demanded a higher risk premium. This is
resulting in lenders increasing the cost for debt financing. Should the overall cost of borrowings
increase, either by increases in the index rates or by increases in lender spreads, we will need to
factor such increases into the economics of our acquisitions. In addition, the state of the debt
markets could have an effect on the overall amount of capital being invested in real estate, which
may result in price or value decreases of real estate assets and affect our ability to raise equity
capital.
Valuations: The recent market volatility will likely make the determination of the value of
our properties more difficult. There may be significant uncertainty in the valuation, or in the
stability of the value, of our properties, which could result in a substantial decrease in the
value of our properties. As a result, we may not be able to recover the carrying amount of our
properties, which may require us to recognize an impairment charge in earnings.
Government Intervention: The pervasive and fundamental disruptions that the global financial
markets are currently undergoing have led to extensive and unprecedented governmental intervention.
Such intervention has in certain cases been implemented on an emergency basis, suddenly and
substantially eliminating market participants ability to continue to implement certain strategies
or manage the risk of their outstanding positions. In addition, these interventions have typically
been unclear in scope and application, resulting in confusion and uncertainty which in itself has
been materially detrimental to the efficient functioning of the markets as well as previously
successful investment strategies. It is impossible to predict what, if any, additional interim or
permanent governmental restrictions may be imposed on the markets or the effect of such
restrictions on us and our results of operations. There is a high likelihood of significantly
increased regulation of the financial markets that could have a material effect on our operating
results and financial condition.
- 3 -
Since we buy and operate real estate, we are subject to general real estate investment and
operating risks.
Summary of real estate risks: We own and operate commercial properties and are subject to the
risks of owning real estate generally and commercial properties in particular. These risks include:
|
|
|
the national, state and local economic climate and real estate conditions, such as
oversupply of or reduced demand for space and changes in market rental rates; |
|
|
|
|
how prospective tenants perceive the attractiveness, convenience and safety of our
properties; |
|
|
|
|
difficulties in consummating and financing acquisitions and developments on
advantageous terms and the failure of acquisitions and developments to perform as
expected; |
|
|
|
|
our ability to provide adequate management, maintenance and insurance; |
|
|
|
|
our ability to collect rent from tenants on a timely basis; |
|
|
|
|
the expense of periodically renovating, repairing and reletting spaces; |
|
|
|
|
environmental issues; |
|
|
|
|
compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and other federal, state, and
local laws and regulations; |
|
|
|
|
increasing operating costs, including real estate taxes, insurance and utilities, if
these increased costs cannot be passed through to tenants; |
|
|
|
|
changes in tax, real estate and zoning laws; |
|
|
|
|
increase in new commercial properties in our market; |
|
|
|
|
tenant defaults and bankruptcies; |
|
|
|
|
tenants right to sublease space; and |
|
|
|
|
concentration of properties leased to non-rated private companies. |
Certain significant costs, such as mortgage payments, real estate taxes, insurance and
maintenance, generally are not reduced even when a propertys rental income is reduced. In
addition, environmental and tax laws, interest rate levels, the availability of financing and other
factors may affect real estate values and property income. Furthermore, the supply of commercial
space fluctuates with market conditions.
- 4 -
If our properties do not generate sufficient income to meet operating expenses, including any
debt service, tenant improvements, lease commissions and other capital expenditures, we may have to
borrow additional amounts to cover fixed costs, and we may have to reduce our distributions to
shareholders.
We may be unable to consummate acquisitions and develop properties on advantageous terms, or
new acquisitions and development properties may fail to perform as expected: While we have not
acquired a property since August, 2007, we continue to seek to acquire and develop flex, industrial
and office properties where they meet our criteria and we believe that they will enhance our future
financial performance and the value of our portfolio. Our belief, however, is subject to risks,
uncertainties and other factors, many of which are forward-looking and are uncertain in nature or
are beyond our control, including the risks that our acquisitions and development properties may
not perform as expected, that we may be unable to quickly integrate new acquisitions and
developments into our existing operations, and that any costs to develop projects or redevelop
acquired properties may exceed estimates. Further, we face significant competition for suitable
acquisition properties from other real estate investors, including other publicly traded real
estate investment trusts and private institutional investors. As a result, we may be unable to
acquire additional properties we desire or the purchase price for desirable properties may be
significantly increased. In addition, some of these properties may have unknown characteristics or
deficiencies or may not complement our portfolio of existing properties. In addition, we may
finance future acquisitions and development properties through a combination of borrowings,
proceeds from equity or debt offerings by us or the operating partnership, and proceeds from
property divestitures. These financing options may not be available when desired or required or may
be more costly than anticipated, which could adversely affect our cash flow. Real property
development is subject to a number of risks, including construction delays, complications in
obtaining necessary zoning, occupancy and other governmental permits, cost overruns, financing
risks, and the possible inability to meet expected occupancy and rent levels. If any of these
problems occur, development costs for a project may increase, and there may be costs incurred for
projects that are not completed. As a result of the foregoing, some properties may be worth less or
may generate less revenue than, or simply not perform as well as, we believed at the time of
acquisition or development, negatively affecting our operating results. Any of the foregoing risks
could adversely affect our financial condition, operating results and cash flow, and our ability to
pay dividends on, and the market price of, our stock. In addition, we may be unable to successfully
integrate and effectively manage the properties we do acquire and develop, which could adversely
affect our results of operations.
We may encounter significant delays and expense in reletting vacant space, or we may not be
able to relet space at existing rates, in each case resulting in losses of income: When leases
expire, we will incur expenses in retrofitting space and we may not be able to re-lease the space
on the same terms. Certain leases provide tenants with the right to terminate early if they pay a
fee. As of March 31, 2009, our properties generally had lower vacancy rates than the average for
the markets in which they are located, and leases accounting for 15.6% of our total annualized
rental income expire in 2009 and 23.1% in 2010. While we have estimated our cost of renewing leases
that expire in 2009 and 2010, our estimates could be wrong. If we are unable to re-lease space
promptly, if the terms are significantly less favorable than anticipated or if the costs are
higher, we may have to reduce our distributions to shareholders.
- 5 -
Tenant defaults and bankruptcies may reduce our cash flow and distributions: We may have
difficulty collecting from tenants in default, particularly if they declare bankruptcy. This could
affect our cash flow and our ability to fund distributions to shareholders. Since many of our
tenants are non-rated private companies, this risk may be enhanced. There is inherent uncertainty
in a tenants ability to continue paying rent if they are in bankruptcy. As of April 30, 2009, we
had approximately 69,000 square feet of leased space that is occupied by tenants that are protected
by Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In addition, we had tenants occupying approximately
245,000 square feet who vacated their space during the three months ended March 31, 2009 as a
result of business failures. A number of other tenants have contacted us requesting early
termination of their lease, reduction in space under lease, or rent deferment or abatement. At this
time, we cannot anticipate what effect, if any, the ultimate outcome of these discussions will have
on our operating results.
We may be adversely affected by significant competition among commercial properties: Many
other commercial properties compete with our properties for tenants. Some of the competing
properties may be newer and better located than our properties. We also expect that new properties
will be built in our markets. In addition, we compete with other buyers, many of which are larger
than PS Business Parks, for attractive commercial properties. Therefore, we may not be able to grow
as rapidly as we would like.
We may be adversely affected if casualties to our properties are not covered by insurance: We
could suffer uninsured losses or losses in excess of our insurance policy limits for occurrences
such as earthquakes or hurricanes that adversely affect us or even result in loss of the property.
We might still remain liable on any mortgage debt or other unsatisfied obligations related to that
property.
The illiquidity of our real estate investments may prevent us from adjusting our portfolio to
respond to market changes: There may be delays and difficulties in selling real estate. Therefore,
we cannot easily change our portfolio when economic conditions change. Also, tax laws limit a
REITs ability to sell properties held for less than two years.
We may be adversely affected by changes in laws: Increases in income and service taxes may
reduce our cash flow and ability to make expected distributions to our shareholders. Our properties
are also subject to various federal, state and local regulatory requirements, such as state and
local fire and safety codes. If we fail to comply with these requirements, governmental authorities
could fine us or courts could award damages against us. We believe our properties comply with all
significant legal requirements. However, these requirements could change in a way that would reduce
our cash flow and ability to make distributions to shareholders.
We may incur significant environmental remediation costs: Under various federal, state and
local environmental laws, an owner or operator of real estate may have to clean spills or other
releases of hazardous or toxic substances on or from a property. Certain environmental laws impose
liability whether or not the owner knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of the hazardous
or toxic substances. In some cases, liability may exceed the value of the property. The presence of
toxic substances, or the failure to properly remedy any resulting contamination, may make it more
difficult for the owner or operator to sell, lease or operate its property or to borrow money using
its property as collateral. Future environmental laws may impose additional material liabilities on
us.
- 6 -
We depend on external sources of capital to grow our company.
We are generally required under the Internal Revenue Code to distribute at least 90% of our
taxable income. Because of this distribution requirement, we may not be able to fund future capital
needs, including any necessary building and tenant improvements, from operating cash flow.
Consequently, we may need to rely on third-party sources of capital to fund our capital needs. We
may not be able to obtain the financing on favorable terms or at all. Access to third-party sources
of capital depends, in part, on general market conditions, the markets perception of our growth
potential, our current and expected future earnings, our cash flow, and the market price per share
of our common stock. If we cannot obtain capital from third-party sources, we may not be able to
acquire properties when strategic opportunities exist, satisfy any debt service obligations, or
make cash distributions to shareholders.
Our ability to control our properties may be adversely affected by ownership through partnerships
and joint ventures.
We own most of our properties through our operating partnership. Our organizational documents
do not prevent us from acquiring properties with others through partnerships or joint ventures.
This type of investment may present additional risks. For example, our partners may have interests
that differ from ours or that conflict with ours, or our partners may become bankrupt.
We can change our business policies and increase our level of debt without shareholder approval.
Our board of directors establishes our investment, financing, distribution and our other
business policies and may change these policies without shareholder approval. Our organizational
documents do not limit our level of debt. A change in our policies or an increase in our level of
debt could adversely affect our operations or the price of our common stock.
We can issue additional securities without shareholder approval.
We can issue preferred equity, common stock and equity stock without shareholder approval.
Holders of preferred stock have priority over holders of common stock, and the issuance of
additional shares of stock reduces the interest of existing holders in our company.
Increases in interest rates may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
One of the factors that influences the market price of our common stock is the annual rate of
distributions that we pay on our common stock, as compared with interest rates. An increase in
interest rates may lead purchasers of REIT shares to demand higher annual distribution rates, which
could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
- 7 -
Shares that become available for future sale may adversely affect the market price of our common
stock.
Substantial sales of our common stock, or the perception that substantial sales may occur,
could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. As of March 31, 2009, Public Storage
and its affiliates owned 26.4% of the outstanding shares of our common stock and 26.3% of the
outstanding common units of the operating partnership (100% of the common units not owned by us).
Assuming conversion of its partnership units, Public Storage would own 45.7% of the outstanding
shares of our common stock. These shares, as well as shares of common stock held by certain other
significant shareholders, are eligible to be sold in the public market, subject to compliance with
applicable securities laws.
We depend on key personnel.
We depend on our key personnel, including Joseph D. Russell, Jr., our President and Chief
Executive Officer. The loss of Mr. Russell or other key personnel could adversely affect our
operations. We maintain no key person insurance on our key personnel.
Change in taxation of corporate dividends may adversely affect the value of our shares.
The Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003, enacted on May 28, 2003, generally
reduces to 15% the maximum marginal rate of federal tax payable by individuals on dividends
received from a regular C corporation. This reduced tax rate, however, does not apply to dividends
paid to individuals by a REIT on its shares except for certain limited amounts. The earnings of a
REIT that are distributed to its shareholders are generally subject to less federal income taxation
on an aggregate basis than earnings of a regular C corporation that are distributed to its
shareholders net of corporate-level income tax. The Jobs and Growth Tax Act, however, could cause
individual investors to view stocks of regular C corporations as more attractive relative to shares
of REITs than was the case prior to the enactment of the legislation because the dividends from
regular C corporations, which previously were taxed at the same rate as REIT dividends, now will be
taxed at a maximum marginal rate of 15% while REIT dividends will be taxed at a maximum marginal
rate of 35%.
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission using a shelf registration process. Under this shelf process, we may sell
from time to time common stock, preferred stock, equity stock, depositary shares, warrants, debt
securities and units, in any combination, in one or more offerings up to a total dollar amount of
$550,000,000. This prospectus provides a general description of the securities that we may offer.
Each time we offer any of the types of securities described in this prospectus, we will prepare and
distribute a prospectus supplement that will contain a description of the specific terms of the
securities being offered and of the offering. The prospectus supplement may also supplement the
information contained in this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and the applicable
prospectus supplement, together with the additional information described under the heading Where
You Can Find More Information, before purchasing any securities.
- 8 -
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and are
required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with
the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may read and copy all or any portion of this
information at the Commissions principal office in Washington, D.C., and copies of all or any part
thereof may be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the Commission, 100 F Street, N.E.,
Washington, D.C. 20549 after payment of fees prescribed by the Commission. You may telephone the
Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the Commissions public reference
facilities. The Commission also maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov that contains the
reports, proxy and information statements and other information that we and other registrants file
electronically with the Commission.
We have filed a registration statement on Form S-3, of which this prospectus is a part, with
the Commission to register offers and sales of the securities described in this prospectus under
the Securities Act of 1933. The registration statement contains additional information about us
and the securities. You may obtain the registration statement and its exhibits from the Commission
as described above.
The Commission allows us to provide information about our business and other important
information to you by incorporating by reference the information we file with the Commission,
which means that we can disclose that information to you by referring in this prospectus to the
documents we file with the Commission. Under the Commissions regulations, any statement contained
in a document incorporated by reference in this prospectus is automatically updated and superseded
by any information contained in this prospectus, or in any subsequently filed document of the types
described below.
We incorporate into this prospectus by reference the following documents filed by us with the
Commission, each of which should be considered an important part of this prospectus:
|
|
|
SEC Filing (File No. 1-10709) |
|
Period Covered or Date of Filing |
Annual Report on Form 10-K
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2008 (filed
on February 26, 2009, amended on June
17, 2009) |
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
|
|
Quarter ended March 31, 2009 (filed
on May 7, 2009) |
Current Reports on Form 8-K
|
|
Filed February 25, 2009 and March 31,
2009 |
|
|
Description of our common stock
contained in Registration
Statement on Form 8-A, as
supplemented by the description of
our common stock contained in this
prospectus
|
|
Effective September 8, 2008 |
All documents filed by us pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (excluding any information furnished rather than filed in any Current Report
on Form 8-K) between the date of this prospectus and the termination of the offering of
- 9 -
securities under this prospectus shall also be deemed to be incorporated herein by reference.
Any statement contained in any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference
herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent
that a statement contained in this prospectus or in any other subsequently filed document which
also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus modifies or supersedes such
statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or
superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.
You may request a copy of each of our filings at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the
following address, telephone or facsimile number:
Investor Services Department
PS Business Parks, Inc.
701 Western Avenue
Glendale, California 91201-2349
Telephone: (800) 421-2856, or
(818) 244-8080
Facsimile: (818) 241-0627
Exhibits to a document will not be provided unless they are specifically incorporated by
reference in that document.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of the information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus contains
forward-looking statements, such as those pertaining to our portfolio performance and future
results of operations, market conditions and prospects. The pro forma financial statements and
other pro forma information incorporated by reference in this prospectus also contain
forward-looking statements. You can identify forward-looking statements by their use of
forward-looking terminology such as believes, expects, may, will, should, seeks,
intends, plans, pro forma, estimates or anticipates or the negative of these words and
phrases or similar words or phrases. Discussion of strategy, plans or intentions also include
forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements inherently involve risks and uncertainties and you should not rely
on them as predictions of future events. The factors described above under the heading Risk
Factors, as well as changes in the commercial real estate market and the general economy, could
cause future events and actual results to differ materially from those set forth or contemplated in
the forward-looking statements. We do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking
statements.
THE COMPANY
We are a self-advised and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT, that acquires,
develops, owns and operates commercial properties. We are the sole general partner of our
operating partnership, PS Business Parks, L.P., through which we conduct most of our activities.
As of March 31, 2009, we owned and operated, through our operating partnership,
- 10 -
approximately 19.6 million rentable square feet of commercial space located in eight states:
Arizona, California, Florida, Maryland, Oregon, Texas, Virginia, and Washington. We also manage
approximately 1.4 million rentable square feet on behalf of Public Storage and its affiliated
entities.
In a March 1998 merger with American Office Park Properties, Inc., we acquired the commercial
property business previously operated by Public Storage and were renamed PS Business Parks, Inc.
We elected to be taxed as a REIT beginning with our 1990 taxable year. To the extent that we
continue to qualify as a REIT, we will not be taxed, with certain limited exceptions, on the net
income that we distribute currently to our shareholders. We were incorporated in California in
1990. Our principal executive offices are located at 701 Western Avenue, Glendale, California
91201-2397. Our telephone number is (818) 244-8080.
USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless we inform you otherwise in a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, we
expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities for general corporate purposes. These
purposes may include, but are not limited to, the acquisition of commercial properties, repayment
of our outstanding debt, redemption of preferred securities and general business purposes. Pending
their use, we may invest the net proceeds in short-term, interest bearing securities.
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
We compute our ratio of earnings from continuing operations to combined fixed charges and
preferred stock distributions by dividing our earnings from continuing operations by our fixed
charges. Earnings from continuing operations consists of income from continuing operations plus
fixed charges.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the three |
|
|
|
|
|
|
months ended |
|
|
For the year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
March 31, 2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Ratio of earnings
from continuing
operations to
combined fixed
charges and
preferred
distributions |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Not meaningful as combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends are negative. |
DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK
We are authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share. At
June 15, 2009, we had outstanding 20,545,511 shares of common stock (excluding shares issuable upon
exchange of interests in our operating partnership and shares subject to options).
Common Stock
The following description of our common stock sets forth certain general terms and provisions
of the common stock to which any prospectus supplement may relate, including a prospectus
supplement providing that common stock will be issuable upon conversion of
- 11 -
preferred stock or upon the exercise of warrants. The statements below describing our common
stock are in all respects subject to and qualified in their entirety by reference to the applicable
provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws.
Subject to any preference with respect to our preferred stock or equity stock, holders of our
common stock will be entitled to receive distributions when, as and if declared by our board of
directors, out of funds legally available therefor. Payment and declaration of dividends on our
common stock and purchases of shares of common stock by us will be subject to certain restrictions
if we fail to pay dividends on outstanding preferred stock. See Description of Preferred Stock.
Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, holders of common stock will be
entitled to share ratably in any assets available for distribution to them, after payment or
provision for payment of the debts and our other liabilities and the preferential amounts owing
with respect to any of our outstanding preferred stock. Holders of our common stock have no
preemptive rights, except such as have been provided to certain of our shareholders by contract,
which means public shareholders have no right to acquire any additional shares of common stock that
we may issue at a later date.
Each outstanding share of our common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters
presented to our stockholders for a vote, with the exception that they have cumulative voting
rights with respect to the election of our board of directors, in accordance with California law.
Cumulative voting means that each holder of our common stock is entitled to cast as many votes as
there are directors to be elected multiplied by the number of shares registered in his or her name.
A holder of our common stock may cumulate the votes for directors by casting all of the votes for
one candidate or by distributing the votes among as many candidates as he or she chooses.
Cumulative voting is intended to provide holders of smaller blocks of stock with more meaningful
influence in the election of directors than they would have without cumulative voting. The
outstanding shares of our common stock are, and additional shares of common stock will be, when
issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
The partnership agreement of our operating partnership provides that we may not consummate a
business combination in which we must have a vote of our stockholders unless the matter is also
approved by the vote of the partners of the operating partnership. For this purpose, a business
combination is any merger, consolidation or other combination with or into another person or sale
of all or substantially all of our assets, or any reclassification, recapitalization or change of
our existing common stock. These provisions have the effect of increasing Public Storages
influence over us, due to its ownership of operating partnership units, and also make it more
difficult for us to consummate a business combination.
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol PSB. The
transfer agent and registrar of our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of our common stock are subject to, and may
be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of our preferred stock
or our equity stock which we may designate and issue in the future. See Description of Preferred
Stock and Description of Equity Stock.
- 12 -
Ownership Limitations
For us to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code,
no more than 50% in value of our outstanding shares of capital stock may be owned, directly or
constructively under the applicable attribution rules of the Code, by five or fewer individuals (as
defined in the Code to include certain entities) during the last half of a taxable year. In order
to maintain our qualification as a REIT, our articles of incorporation provide certain restrictions
on the shares of capital stock that any shareholder may own.
Our articles of incorporation provide that, subject to certain exceptions, no holder may own,
or be deemed to own by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Code, more than (A) 7.0% of the
outstanding shares of our common stock and (B) 9.9% of the outstanding shares of each class or
series of shares of our preferred stock or equity stock and that all shares of stock be imprinted
with a legend setting forth that restriction. Our articles of incorporation provide, however, that
no person shall be deemed to exceed the ownership limit solely by reason of the beneficial
ownership of shares of any class of stock to the extent that such shares of stock were beneficially
owned by such person (including Public Storage) upon completion of, and after giving effect to, the
merger with American Office Park Properties. Thus, this limitation does not affect the ownership
of common stock held by Public Storage and certain other shareholders at the time of the merger.
Furthermore, the limitation does not apply with respect to shares of stock deemed to be owned by a
person as a result of such persons ownership of shares of Public Storage (however, such ownership
will be taken into account in determining whether a subsequent acquisition or transfer of our
shares (but not Public Storage) violates the ownership limit). The ownership limitation is
intended to assist in preserving our REIT status in view of Public Storages substantial ownership
interest in us and the Hughes familys substantial ownership interest in Public Storage. There can
be no assurance, however, that such ownership limit will enable us to satisfy the requirement that
a REIT not be closely held within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code for any given taxable
year, in part as a result of the provision described above providing that the ownership limitation
generally does not apply to our shares deemed to be owned as a result of a persons ownership of
shares of Public Storage.
Our articles of incorporation provide that our board of directors, in its sole and absolute
discretion, may grant exceptions to the ownership limits, so long as (A) our board has determined
that we would not be closely held within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code (without
regard to whether the event in question takes place during the second half of a taxable year) and
would not otherwise fail to qualify as a REIT, after giving effect to an acquisition by an excepted
person of beneficial ownership of the maximum amount of capital stock permitted as a result of the
exception to be granted, and taking into account the existing and permitted ownership by other
persons of stock (taking into account any other exceptions granted) and (B) the excepted persons
provide to our board such representations and undertakings as our board may require. In any case,
no holder may own or acquire, either directly, indirectly or constructively under the applicable
attribution rules of the Code, any shares of any class of capital stock if such ownership or
acquisition (i) would cause more than 50% in value of outstanding capital stock to be owned, either
directly or constructively, under the applicable attribution rules of the Code, by five or fewer
individuals (as defined in the Code to include certain tax-exempt entities, other than, in general,
qualified domestic pension funds), (ii) would result in our stock being beneficially owned by less
than 100 persons (determined without
- 13 -
reference to any rules of attribution), or (iii) would otherwise result in our failing to
qualify as a REIT.
Our articles of incorporation generally provide that if any holder of capital stock purports
to transfer shares to a person or there is a change in our capital structure, and either the
transfer or the change in capital structure would result in our failing to qualify as a REIT, or
such transfer or the change in capital structure would cause the transferee to hold shares in
excess of the applicable ownership limit, then the shares causing the violation will be
automatically transferred to a trust for the benefit of a designated charitable beneficiary. The
purported transferee of those shares will have no right to receive dividends or other distributions
with respect to them and will have no right to vote the shares. Any dividends or other
distributions paid to such purported transferee prior to the discovery by us that the shares have
been transferred to a trust will be paid to the trustee of the trust for the benefit of the
charitable beneficiary upon demand. The trustee will designate a transferee of those shares so
long as the shares would not violate the restrictions on ownership in the articles of incorporation
in the hands of the designated transferee. Upon the sale of such shares, the purported transferee
will receive out of any proceeds remaining after payment of expenses of the charitable trust and us
the lesser of (A)(i) the price per share such purported transferee paid for the stock in the
purported transfer that resulted in the transfer of the shares to the trust, or (ii) if the
transfer or other event that resulted in the transfer of the shares to the trust was not a
transaction in which the purported transferee gave full value for such shares, a price per share
equal to the market price on the date of the purported transfer or other event that resulted in the
transfer of the shares to the trust and (B) the price per share received by the trustee from the
sale or other disposition of the shares held in the trust. Each purported transferee shall be
deemed to have waived any claims such purported transferee may have against the trustee and us
arising from the disposition of the shares, except for claims arising from the trustees or our
gross negligence, willful misconduct, or failure to make payments when required by the articles of
incorporation.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK
We are authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share. At
June 15, 2009, we had 25,042 outstanding shares of preferred stock (represented by 25,042,000
depositary shares) and 2,936,700 shares reserved for issuance. Our articles of incorporation
provide that the preferred stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series and give our
board of directors broad authority to fix the dividend and distribution rights, conversion and
voting rights, if any, redemption provisions and liquidation preferences of each series of
preferred stock. Holders of preferred stock have no preemptive rights. The preferred stock will
be, when issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
The issuance of preferred stock with special voting rights could be used to deter attempts to
obtain control of us in transactions not approved by our board of directors. We have no present
intention to issue stock for that purpose. For a discussion of provisions in the partnership
agreement of the operating partnership that restrict our ability to enter into business
combinations, see Description of Common Stock.
- 14 -
Outstanding Preferred Stock
At June 15, 2009, we had outstanding seven series of preferred stock, and had reserved for
issuance, upon conversion of preferred units in our operating partnership, an additional four
series. Each series (1) has a stated value of $25 per share (in the case of shares reserved for
issuance upon the conversion of preferred units) or per depositary share, (2) in preference to the
holders of shares of our common stock and any other capital stock ranking junior to the preferred
stock as to payment of dividends, provides for cumulative quarterly dividends calculated as a
percentage of the stated value (ranging from 6.55% to 7.950%) and (3) is subject to redemption, in
whole or in part, at our election (on and after various dates between October 2007 and March 2012)
at a cash redemption price of $25 per share (in the case of shares reserved for issuance upon the
conversion of preferred units) or per depositary share, plus accrued and unpaid dividends.
In the event of our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the
holders of the preferred stock will be entitled to receive out of our assets available for
distribution to shareholders, before any distribution of assets is made to holders of our common
stock or any other shares of capital stock ranking as to such distributions junior to the preferred
stock, liquidating distributions in the amount of $25 per share (in the case of shares reserved for
issuance upon the conversion of preferred units) or per depositary share, plus all accumulated and
unpaid dividends.
Except as expressly required by law and in certain other limited circumstances, holders of the
preferred stock are not entitled to vote. The consent of holders of at least 66 2/3% of the
outstanding shares of the preferred stock, voting as a single class, is required to authorize
another class of shares senior to the preferred stock.
We have reserved for issuance, upon conversion of preferred units in our operating
partnership, four series of preferred stock. To the extent we issue any shares of any such series
of preferred stock, we may not consolidate with, merge into or with, or convey, transfer or lease
our assets substantially as an entirety to, any corporation or other entity, in a manner that would
materially and adversely affect the outstanding shares of the series, without the affirmative vote
of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of such series, subject to certain
exceptions or unless we are the surviving entity.
Our depositary shares representing interests in our preferred stock are
traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbols PSB-H, PSB-I, PSB-K, PSB-L,
PSB-M, PSB-O and PSB-P.
Ownership Limitations
For a discussion of the ownership limitations that apply to preferred stock, see Description
of Common StockOwnership Limitations.
Future Series of Preferred Stock
The following description of preferred stock sets forth certain general terms and provisions
of the preferred stock to which any prospectus supplement may relate. The statements below
describing the preferred stock are in all respects subject to and qualified in their entirety by
reference to the applicable provisions of our articles of incorporation (including the applicable
form of certificate of determination) and bylaws.
- 15 -
Reference is made to the prospectus supplement relating to the preferred stock offered thereby
for specific terms, including, where applicable, the following: (1) the title and stated value of
such preferred stock; (2) the number of shares of such preferred stock offered, the liquidation
preference per share and the offering price of such preferred stock; (3) the dividend rate(s),
period(s) and/or payment date(s) or method(s) of calculation applicable to such preferred stock;
(4) the date from which dividends on such preferred stock shall accumulate, if applicable; (5) the
provision for a sinking fund, if any, for such preferred stock; (6) the provision for redemption,
if applicable, of such preferred stock; (7) any listing of such preferred stock on any securities
exchange; (8) the terms and conditions, if applicable, upon which such preferred stock will be
convertible into common stock, including the conversion price (or manner of calculation); (9) the
voting rights, if any, of such preferred stock; (10) any other specific terms, preferences, rights,
limitations or restrictions of such preferred stock; (11) the relative ranking and preferences of
such preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up
of our affairs; and (12) any limitations on issuance of any series of preferred stock ranking
senior to or on a parity with such series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs.
Ranking. The ranking of the preferred stock is set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, such preferred
stock will, with respect to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up
of our affairs, rank (i) senior to the common stock, any additional class of common stock and any
series of preferred stock expressly made junior to such preferred stock; (ii) on a parity with all
preferred stock previously issued by us the terms of which specifically provide that such preferred
stock rank on a parity with the preferred stock offered hereby; and (iii) junior to all preferred
stock previously issued by us the terms of which specifically provide that such preferred stock
rank senior to the preferred stock offered hereby.
Dividends. Holders of shares of the preferred stock of each series offered hereby will be
entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by our board of directors, out of our assets legally
available for payment, cash dividends at such rates and on such dates as will be set forth in the
applicable prospectus supplement. Each such dividend shall be payable to holders of record as they
appear on the stock transfer books of our company on such record dates as shall be fixed by our
board of directors.
Dividends on any series of the preferred stock offered hereby may be cumulative or
non-cumulative, as provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. Dividends, if cumulative,
will be cumulative from and after the date set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. If
our board of directors fails to declare a dividend payable on a dividend payment date on any series
of the preferred stock for which dividends are noncumulative, then the holders of such series of
the preferred stock will have no right to receive a dividend in respect of the dividend period
ending on such dividend payment date, and we will have no obligation to pay the dividend accrued
for such period, whether or not dividends on such series are declared payable on any future
dividend payment date.
No dividends (other than in common stock or other capital stock ranking junior to the
preferred stock of any series as to dividends and upon liquidation) will be declared or paid or set
aside for payment (nor will any other distribution be declared or made upon the common stock, or
any other capital stock ranking junior to or on a parity with the preferred stock of such series
- 16 -
as to dividends or upon liquidation), nor will any common stock or any other capital stock
ranking junior to or on a parity with the preferred stock of such series as to dividends or upon
liquidation be redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired for any consideration (or any moneys be
paid to or made available for a sinking fund for the redemption of any shares of any such stock) by
us (except by conversion into or exchange for other capital stock ranking junior to the preferred
stock of such series as to dividends and upon liquidation) unless (i) if such series of preferred
stock has a cumulative dividend, full cumulative dividends on the preferred stock of such series
have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid or declared and a sum sufficient for the
payment thereof set apart for payment for all past dividend periods and the then current dividend
period, and (ii) if such series of preferred stock does not have a cumulative dividend, full
dividends on the preferred stock of such series have been or contemporaneously are declared and
paid or declared and a sum sufficient for the payment thereof set apart for payment for the then
current dividend period.
If for any taxable year, we elect to designate as capital gain dividends (as defined in the
Code) any portion of the dividends paid or made available for the year to the holders of our stock,
then the portion of the dividends designated as capital gain dividends that will be allocable to
the holders of preferred stock will be an amount equal to the total capital gain dividends
multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which will be the total dividends, within the meaning of
the Code, paid or made available to the holders of preferred stock for the year, and the
denominator of which will be the total dividends paid or made available to holders of all classes
and series of our outstanding stock for that year.
Any dividend payment made on shares of a series of cumulative preferred stock offered hereby
will first be credited against the earliest accrued but unpaid dividend due with respect to shares
of such series which remains payable.
Redemption. If so provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, the shares of preferred
stock will be subject to mandatory redemption or redemption at our option, in whole or in part, in
each case upon the terms, at the times and at the redemption prices set forth in such prospectus
supplement.
The prospectus supplement relating to a series of preferred stock offered hereby that is
subject to mandatory redemption will specify the number of shares of such preferred stock that will
be redeemed by us in each year commencing after a date to be specified, at a redemption price per
share to be specified, together with an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon
(which will not, if such preferred stock does not have a cumulative dividend, include any
accumulation in respect of unpaid dividends for prior dividend periods) to the date of redemption.
The redemption price may be payable in cash, securities or other property, as specified in the
applicable prospectus supplement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no shares of any series of preferred stock offered hereby will
be redeemed and we will not purchase or otherwise acquire directly or indirectly any shares of
preferred stock of such series (except by conversion into or exchange for capital stock of our
company ranking junior to the preferred stock of such series as to dividends and upon liquidation)
unless all outstanding shares of preferred stock of such series are simultaneously redeemed unless,
in each case, (i) if such series of preferred stock has a cumulative dividend, full cumulative
dividends on the preferred stock of such series will have been or contemporaneously
- 17 -
are declared and paid or declared and a sum sufficient for the payment thereof set apart for
payment for all past dividend periods and the then current dividend period and (ii) if such series
of preferred stock does not have a cumulative dividend, full dividends on the preferred stock of
such series have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid or declared and a sum sufficient
for the payment thereof set apart for payment for the then current dividend period; provided,
however, that the foregoing shall not prevent the purchase or acquisition of shares of preferred
stock of such series pursuant to a purchase or exchange offer made on the same terms to holders of
all outstanding shares of preferred stock of such series.
If fewer than all of the outstanding shares of preferred stock of any series offered hereby
are to be redeemed, the number of shares to be redeemed will be determined by us and such shares
may be redeemed pro rata from the holders of record of such shares in proportion to the number of
such shares held by such holders (with adjustments to avoid redemption of fractional shares) or by
lot in a manner determined by us.
Notice of redemption will be mailed at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before the
redemption date to each holder of record of preferred stock of any series to be redeemed at the
address shown on our stock transfer books. Each notice will state: (i) the redemption date; (ii)
the number of shares and series of the preferred stock to be redeemed; (iii) the redemption price;
(iv) the place or places where certificates for such preferred stock are to be surrendered for
payment of the redemption price; (v) that dividends on the shares to be redeemed will cease to
accrue on such redemption date; and (vi) the date upon which the holders conversion rights, if
any, as to such shares shall terminate. If fewer than all the shares of preferred stock of any
series are to be redeemed, the notice mailed to each such holder thereof shall also specify the
number of shares of preferred stock to be redeemed from each such holder and, upon redemption, a
new certificate shall be issued representing the unredeemed shares without cost to the holder
thereof. In order to facilitate the redemption of shares of preferred stock, our board of
directors may fix a record date for the determination of shares of preferred stock to be redeemed,
such record date to be not less than 30 or more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for such
redemption.
Notice having been given as provided above, from and after the date specified therein as the
date of redemption, unless we default in providing funds for the payment of the redemption price on
such date, all dividends on the preferred stock called for redemption will cease. From and after
the redemption date, unless we so default, all rights of the holders of the preferred stock as our
shareholders, except the right to receive the redemption price (but without interest), will cease.
Subject to applicable law and the limitation on purchases when dividends on preferred stock
are in arrears, we may, at any time and from time to time, purchase any shares of preferred stock
in the open market, by tender or by private agreement.
Liquidation Preference. Upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding
up of our affairs, then, before any distribution or payment shall be made to the holders of any
common stock or any other class or series of our capital stock ranking junior to any series of the
preferred stock in the distribution of assets upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the
holders of such series of preferred stock will be entitled to receive out of our assets legally
available for distribution to shareholders liquidating distributions in the amount of the
liquidation preference per share (set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement), plus an
- 18 -
amount equal to all dividends accumulated and unpaid thereon (which shall not include any
accumulation in respect of unpaid dividends for prior dividend periods if such preferred stock does
not have a cumulative dividend). After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distributions
to which they are entitled, the holders of preferred stock will have no right or claim to any of
our remaining assets. In the event that, upon any such voluntary or involuntary liquidation,
dissolution or winding up, our legally available assets are insufficient to pay the amount of the
liquidating distributions on all outstanding shares of any series of preferred stock and the
corresponding amounts payable on all shares of other classes or series of our capital stock ranking
on a parity with the preferred stock in the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or
winding up, then the holders of such series of preferred stock and all other such classes or series
of capital stock shall share ratably in any such distribution of assets in proportion to the full
liquidating distributions to which they would otherwise be respectively entitled.
If liquidating distributions shall have been made in full to all holders of preferred stock,
our remaining assets will be distributed among the holders of any other classes or series of
capital stock ranking junior to such series of preferred stock upon liquidation, dissolution or
winding up, according to their respective rights and preferences and in each case according to
their respective number of shares. For such purposes, our consolidation or merger with or into any
other corporation, or the sale, lease, transfer or conveyance of all or substantially all of our
property or assets will not be deemed to constitute a liquidation, dissolution or winding up.
Voting Rights. Holders of the preferred stock offered hereby will not have any voting rights,
except as set forth below or as otherwise expressly required by law or as indicated in the
applicable prospectus supplement.
The affirmative vote or consent of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding
shares of each of our series G, J, N and Q preferred stock (which may be issued upon conversion of
preferred units in our operating partnership) will be required to amend or repeal any provision of
or add any provision to, our articles of incorporation, including the certificate of determination,
if such action would materially and adversely alter or change the rights, preferences or privileges
of such series of preferred stock. The affirmative vote or consent of the holders of at least 66
2/3% of the outstanding shares of each of our series H, I, K, L, M, O and P preferred stock will be
required to amend or repeal any provision of or add any provision to, our articles of
incorporation, including the certificate of determination, if such action would adversely alter or
change the rights, preferences or privileges of such series of preferred stock.
No consent or approval of the holders of any series of preferred stock offered hereby will be
required for the issuance from our authorized but unissued preferred stock of other shares of any
series of preferred stock ranking on a parity with or junior to such series of preferred stock, or
senior to a series of preferred stock expressly made junior to other series of preferred stock, as
to payment of dividends and distribution of assets, including other shares of such series of
preferred stock.
The foregoing voting provisions will not apply if, at or prior to the time when the act with
respect to which such vote would otherwise be required shall be effected, all outstanding shares of
such series of preferred stock had been redeemed or called for redemption upon proper notice and
sufficient funds had been deposited in trust to effect such redemption.
- 19 -
We may designate additional series of preferred stock to be issued upon conversion of any
additional series of preferred units in our operating partnership. To the extent we issue any
shares of any such series of preferred stock, we will not be able to consolidate with, merge into
or with, or convey, transfer or lease our assets substantially as an entirety to, any corporation
or other entity without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares
of such series, subject to certain exceptions or unless we are the surviving entity.
Conversion Rights. The terms and conditions, if any, upon which shares of any series of
preferred stock offered hereby are convertible into common stock will be set forth in the
applicable prospectus supplement relating thereto. Such terms will include the number of shares of
common stock into which the preferred stock is convertible, the conversion price (or manner of
calculation thereof), the conversion period, provisions as to whether conversion will be at our
option or at the option of the holders of the preferred stock or automatically upon the occurrence
of certain events, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion price and provisions
affecting conversion in the event of the redemption of such preferred stock.
DESCRIPTION OF EQUITY STOCK
We are authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of equity stock, par value $.01 per share. At
June 15, 2009, we had no outstanding shares of equity stock. Our articles of incorporation provide
that the equity stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series and give our board of
directors broad authority to fix the dividend and distribution rights, conversion and voting
rights, redemption provisions and liquidation rights of each series of equity stock. Holders of
equity stock have no preemptive rights. The shares of equity stock will be, when issued, fully
paid and nonassessable.
The issuance of equity stock with special voting rights could be used to deter attempts to
obtain control of our company in transactions not approved by our board of directors. We have no
present intention to issue stock for that purpose. For a discussion of provisions in the
partnership agreement for the operating partnership that restrict our ability to enter into
business combinations, see Description of Common Stock.
Ownership Limitations
For a discussion of the ownership limitations that apply to equity stock, see Description of
Common StockOwnership Limitations.
Terms of Equity Stock
The following description of equity stock sets forth certain general terms and provisions of
the equity stock to which any prospectus supplement may relate. The statements below describing
the equity stock are in all respects subject to and qualified in their entirety by reference to the
applicable provisions of our articles of incorporation (including the applicable form of
certificate of determination) and bylaws.
Reference is made to the prospectus supplement relating to the equity stock offered thereby
for specific terms, including, where applicable, the following: (1) the designation of such equity
stock; (2) the number of shares of such equity stock offered, the liquidation rights
- 20 -
and the offering price of such equity stock; (3) the dividend rate(s), period(s) and/or
payment date(s) or method(s) of calculation applicable to such equity stock; (4) the provision for
a sinking fund, if any, for such equity stock; (5) the provision for redemption, if applicable, of
such equity stock; (6) any listing of such equity stock on any securities exchange; (7) the terms
and conditions, if applicable, upon which such equity stock will be convertible into common stock,
including the conversion price (or manner of calculation thereof); (8) the voting rights, if any,
of such equity stock; (9) any other specific terms, rights, limitations or restrictions of such
equity stock; and (10) the relative ranking of such equity stock as to dividend rights and rights
upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs.
Ranking. The ranking of the equity stock is set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, such equity stock
will, with respect to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our
affairs, rank on a parity with the common stock. The equity stock will rank junior to the
preferred stock with respect to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding
up of our affairs.
Dividends. Holders of shares of the equity stock of each series offered hereby shall be
entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by our board of directors, out of our assets legally
available for payment, cash dividends at such rates and on such dates as will be set forth in the
applicable prospectus supplement. Each such dividend shall be payable to holders of record as they
appear on our stock transfer books on such record dates as shall be fixed by our board of
directors. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, dividends on such
equity stock will be non-cumulative.
Redemption. If so provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, the shares of equity
stock will be subject to mandatory redemption or redemption at our option, in whole or in part, in
each case upon the terms, at the times and at the redemption prices set forth in such prospectus
supplement.
The prospectus supplement relating to a series of equity stock offered hereby that is subject
to mandatory redemption will specify the number of shares of such equity stock that we will redeem
in each year commencing after a date to be specified, at a redemption price per share to be
specified, together with an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon (which shall
not, if such equity stock does not have a cumulative dividend, include any accumulation in respect
of unpaid dividends for prior dividend periods) to the date of redemption. The redemption price
may be payable in cash, securities or other property, as specified in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
If fewer than all of the outstanding shares of equity stock of any series offered hereby are
to be redeemed, the number of shares to be redeemed will be determined by us and such shares may be
redeemed pro rata from the holders of record of such shares in proportion to the number of such
shares held by such holders (with adjustments to avoid redemption of fractional shares) or any
other equitable method determined by us.
Notice of redemption will be mailed at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before the
redemption date to each holder of record of equity stock of any series to be redeemed at the
address shown on our stock transfer books. Each notice shall state: (i) the redemption date;
(ii) the number of shares and series of the equity stock to be redeemed; (iii) the redemption
price;
- 21 -
(iv) the place or places where certificates for such equity stock are to be surrendered for
payment of the redemption price; (v) that dividends on the shares to be redeemed will cease to
accrue on such redemption date; and (vi) the date upon which the holders conversion rights, if
any, as to such shares shall terminate. If fewer than all the shares of equity stock of any series
are to be redeemed, the notice mailed to each such holder thereof shall also specify the number of
shares of equity stock to be redeemed from each such holder and, upon redemption, a new certificate
shall be issued representing the unredeemed shares without cost to the holder thereof. In order to
facilitate the redemption of shares of equity stock, our board of directors may fix a record date
for the determination of shares of equity stock to be redeemed, such record date to be not less
than 30 or more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for such redemption.
Notice having been given as provided above, from and after the date specified therein as the
date of redemption, unless we default in providing funds for the payment of the redemption price on
such date, all dividends on the equity stock called for redemption will cease. From and after the
redemption date, unless we so default, all rights of the holders of the equity stock as our
shareholders, except the right to receive the redemption price (but without interest), will cease.
Liquidation Rights. If we voluntarily or involuntarily liquidate, dissolve or wind-up our
affairs, then, before any distribution or payment may be made to the holders of the equity stock or
any other class or series of our capital stock ranking junior to any series of the preferred stock
in the distribution of assets upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of such
series of preferred stock will be entitled to receive out of our assets legally available for
distribution to shareholders liquidating distributions in the amount of the liquidation preference
per share, plus an amount equal to all dividends accumulated and unpaid thereon (which shall not
include any accumulation in respect of unpaid dividends for prior dividend periods if such
preferred stock does not have a cumulative dividend). After payment of the full amount of the
liquidating distributions to which they are entitled, the holders of preferred stock will have no
right or claim to any of our remaining assets.
If liquidating distributions have been made in full to all holders of preferred stock, our
remaining assets will be distributed among the holders of any other classes or series of capital
stock ranking junior to such series of preferred stock upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up,
including the equity stock, according to their respective rights and in each case according to
their respective number of shares. For such purposes, our consolidation or merger with or into any
other corporation, or the sale, lease, transfer or conveyance of all or substantially all of our
property or assets, will not be deemed to constitute a liquidation, dissolution or winding up.
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, upon any voluntary or
involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, holders of the equity stock will
rank on a parity with the holders of the common stock, subject to any maximum or minimum
distribution to holders of equity stock specified in such prospectus supplement.
Voting Rights. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of
the equity stock will have the same voting rights as holders of the common stock.
No consent or approval of the holders of any series of equity stock will be required for the
issuance from our authorized but unissued equity stock of other shares of any series of equity
stock including shares of such series of equity stock.
- 22 -
Conversion Rights. The terms and conditions, if any, upon which shares of any series of
equity stock offered hereby are convertible into common stock will be set forth in the applicable
prospectus supplement relating thereto. Such terms will include the number of shares of common
stock into which the equity stock is convertible, the conversion price (or manner of calculation
thereof), the conversion period, provisions as to whether conversion will be at our option or at
the option of the holders of the equity stock or automatically upon the occurrence of certain
events, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion price and provisions affecting
conversion in the event of the redemption of such equity stock.
DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES
We may, at our option, elect to offer depositary shares rather than full shares of preferred
stock or equity stock. In the event such option is exercised, each of the depositary shares will
represent ownership of and entitlement to all rights and preferences of a fraction of a share of
preferred stock or equity stock of a specified series (including dividend, voting, redemption and
liquidation rights). The applicable fraction will be specified in the prospectus supplement. The
shares of preferred stock or equity stock represented by the depositary shares will be deposited
with a depositary named in the applicable prospectus supplement, under a deposit agreement, among
the depositary, the holders of the depositary receipts and us. Depositary receipts, which are
certificates evidencing depositary shares, will be delivered to those persons purchasing depositary
shares in the offering. The depositary will be the transfer agent, registrar and dividend
disbursing agent for the depositary shares. Holders of depositary receipts agree to be bound by
the deposit agreement, which requires holders to take certain actions such as filing proof of
residence and paying certain charges.
The summary of terms of the depositary shares contained in this prospectus does not purport to
be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the provisions of the applicable
deposit agreement, the form of depositary receipt, our articles of incorporation and the form of
certificate of determination for the applicable series of preferred stock or equity stock.
Dividends
The depositary will distribute all cash dividends or other cash distributions received by it
in respect of the series of preferred stock or equity stock represented by the depositary shares to
the record holders of depositary receipts in proportion to the number of depositary shares owned by
such holders on the relevant record date, which will be the same date as the record date fixed by
us for the applicable series of preferred stock or equity stock. In the event that the calculation
of any such cash dividend or other cash distribution results in an amount which is a fraction of a
cent, the amount the depositary will distribute will be rounded to the next highest whole cent if
such fraction of a cent is equal to or greater than $.005, otherwise such fractional interest shall
be disregarded.
In the event of a distribution other than in cash, the depositary will distribute property
received by it to the record holders of depositary receipts entitled thereto, in proportion, as
nearly as may be practicable, to the number of depositary shares owned by such holders on the
relevant record date, unless the depositary determines (after consultation with us) that it is not
feasible to make such distribution, in which case the depositary may (with our approval) adopt any
other method for such distribution as it deems equitable and practicable, including the sale of
such
- 23 -
property (at such place or places and upon such terms as it may deem equitable and
appropriate) and distribution of the net proceeds from such sale to such holders.
Liquidation Rights
In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, whether voluntary
or involuntary, the holders of each depositary share will be entitled to the fraction of the
liquidation amount accorded each share of the applicable series of preferred stock or equity stock,
as set forth in the prospectus supplement.
Redemption
If the series of preferred stock or equity stock represented by the applicable series of
depositary shares is redeemable, such depositary shares will be redeemed from the proceeds received
by the depositary resulting from the redemption, in whole or in part, of preferred stock or equity
stock held by the depositary. Whenever we redeem any preferred stock or equity stock held by the
depositary, the depositary will redeem as of the same redemption date the number of depositary
shares representing the preferred stock or equity stock so redeemed. The depositary will mail the
notice of redemption promptly upon receipt of such notice from us and not less than 30 nor more
than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption of the preferred stock or equity stock and the
depositary shares to the record holders of the depositary receipts.
Conversion
If the series of preferred stock or equity stock represented by the applicable series of
depositary shares is convertible into a different class of our securities, the depositary shares
will also be convertible on the terms described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Voting
Promptly upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of the series of preferred
stock or equity stock represented by the applicable series of depositary shares are entitled to
vote, the depositary will mail the information contained in such notice of meeting to the record
holders of the depositary receipts as of the record date for such meeting. Each such record holder
of depositary receipts will be entitled to instruct the depositary as to the exercise of the voting
rights pertaining to the number of shares of preferred stock or equity stock represented by such
record holders depositary shares. The depositary will endeavor, insofar as practicable, to vote
such preferred stock or equity stock represented by such depositary shares in accordance with such
instructions, and we will agree to take all action which may be deemed necessary by the depositary
in order to enable the depositary to do so. The depositary will abstain from voting any of the
preferred stock or equity stock to the extent that it does not receive specific instructions from
the holders of depositary receipts.
Withdrawal of Preferred Stock or Equity Stock
Upon surrender of depositary receipts at the principal office of the depositary, upon payment
of any unpaid amount due the depositary, and subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, the
owner of the depositary shares evidenced thereby is entitled to delivery of the number of whole
shares of preferred stock or equity stock and all money and other property, if
- 24 -
any, represented by such depositary shares. Partial shares of preferred stock or equity stock
will not be issued. If the depositary receipts delivered by the holder evidence a number of
depositary shares in excess of the number of depositary shares representing the number of whole
shares of preferred stock or equity stock to be withdrawn, the depositary will deliver to such
holder at the same time a new depositary receipt evidencing such excess number of depositary
shares. Holders of preferred stock or equity stock thus withdrawn will not thereafter be entitled
to deposit such shares under the deposit agreement or to receive depositary receipts evidencing
depositary shares therefor.
Amendment and Termination of Deposit Agreement
The form of depositary receipt evidencing the depositary shares and any provision of the
deposit agreement may at any time and from time to time be amended by agreement between the
depositary and us. However, any amendment which materially and adversely alters the rights of the
holders (other than any change in fees) of depositary shares will not be effective unless such
amendment has been approved by at least a majority of the depositary shares then outstanding. No
such amendment may impair the right, subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, of any owner of
any depositary shares to surrender the depositary receipt evidencing such depositary shares with
instructions to the depositary to deliver to the holder the preferred stock or equity stock and all
money and other property, if any, represented thereby, except in order to comply with mandatory
provisions of applicable law. The deposit agreement may be terminated by the depositary or us only
if (i) all outstanding depositary shares have been redeemed or (ii) there has been a final
distribution in respect of the preferred stock or equity stock in connection with our liquidation,
dissolution or winding up and such distribution has been made to all the holders of depositary
shares.
Charges of Depositary
We will pay all transfer and other taxes and governmental charges arising solely from the
existence of the depositary arrangements. We will pay charges of the depositary in connection with
the initial deposit of the preferred stock or equity stock and the initial issuance of the
depositary shares, and redemption of the preferred stock or equity stock and all withdrawals of
preferred stock or equity stock by owners of depositary shares. Holders of depositary receipts
will pay transfer and other taxes and governmental charges and certain other charges as are
provided in the deposit agreement to be for their accounts. In certain circumstances, the
depositary may refuse to transfer depositary shares, may withhold dividends and distributions and
may sell the depositary shares evidenced by such depositary receipts if such charges are not paid.
Miscellaneous
The depositary will forward to the holders of depositary receipts all reports and
communications from us which are delivered to the depositary and which we are required to furnish
to the holders of the preferred stock or equity stock. In addition, the depositary will make
available for inspection by holders of depositary receipts at the principal office of the
depositary, and at such other places as it may from time to time deem advisable, any reports and
communications received from us which are received by the depositary as the holder of preferred
stock or equity stock.
- 25 -
Neither the depositary nor we assume any obligation or will be subject to any liability under
the deposit agreement to holders of depositary receipts other than for its or our gross negligence,
willful misconduct or bad faith. Neither the depositary nor we will be liable if the depositary or
us is prevented or delayed by law or, in the case of the depositary, any circumstance beyond its
control, in performing its or our obligations under the deposit agreement. We and the depositary
will not be obligated to prosecute or defend any legal proceeding in respect of any depositary
shares or preferred stock or equity stock unless satisfactory indemnity is furnished. We and the
depositary may rely on written advice of counsel or accountants, on information provided by holders
of depositary receipts or other persons believed in good faith to be competent to give such
information and on documents believed to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the
proper party or parties.
Holders of depositary receipts may inspect the depositarys transfer records for the
depositary receipts at the depositarys office during normal business hours, provided that such
inspection is for a proper purpose.
Registration of Transfer of Receipts
The depositary will register on its books transfers of depositary receipts upon surrender of
the receipt by the holder, properly endorsed or accompanied by appropriate instruments of transfer,
subject to certain restrictions and conditions set forth in the deposit agreement. Title to
depositary shares represented by a depositary receipt, which is properly endorsed or accompanied by
appropriate instruments of transfer, will be transferable by delivery with the same effect as in
the case of a negotiable instrument.
Resignation and Removal of Depositary
The depositary may resign at any time by delivering to us notice of its election to do so, and
we may at any time remove the depositary, any such resignation or removal to take effect upon the
appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment. Such successor
depositary must be appointed within 60 days after delivery of the notice of resignation or removal
and must be a bank or trust company having its principal office in the United States of America and
having a combined capital and surplus of at least $150,000,000.
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
We have no warrants outstanding (other than options issued under our stock option plan). We
may issue warrants for the purchase of common stock, preferred stock, equity stock or debt
securities. Warrants may be issued independently or together with any other securities offered by
any prospectus supplement and may be attached to or separate from such securities. Each series of
warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between a warrant
agent specified in the applicable prospectus supplement and us. The warrant agent will act solely
as our agent in connection with the warrants of such series and will not assume any obligation or
relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders or beneficial owners of warrants. The
terms of the warrants and the applicable warrant agreement will be set forth in the applicable
prospectus supplement.
- 26 -
The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the warrants in respect of
which this prospectus is being delivered, including, where applicable, the following: (1) the
title of such warrants; (2) the aggregate number of such warrants; (3) the price or prices at which
such warrants will be issued; (4) the designation, number and terms of the shares of common stock,
preferred stock or equity stock purchasable upon exercise of such warrants; (5) the designation and
terms of the other securities, if any, with which such warrants are issued and the number of such
warrants issued with each such security; (6) the date, if any, on and after which such warrants and
the related common stock, preferred stock or equity stock, if any, will be separately transferable;
(7) the price at which each share of common stock, preferred stock or equity stock purchasable upon
exercise of such warrants may be purchased, and provisions for changes to or adjustments in such
price; (8) the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on
which such right shall expire; (9) the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants which may be
exercised at any one time; and (10) any other terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures
and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of such warrants.
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
Our debt securities, consisting of notes, debentures or other evidences of indebtedness, may
be issued from time to time in one or more series pursuant to, in the case of senior debt
securities, a senior indenture to be entered into between us and a trustee to be named therein, and
in the case of subordinated debt securities, a subordinated indenture to be entered into between us
and a trustee to be named therein. The terms of our debt securities will include those set forth
in the indentures and those made a part of the indentures by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as
amended.
Because the following is only a summary of selected provisions of the indentures and the debt
securities, it does not contain all information that may be important to you. This summary is not
complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the base indentures and any supplemental
indentures thereto or officers certificate or resolution of our board of directors related
thereto. We urge you to read the indentures because the indentures, not this description, define
the rights of the holders of the debt securities. The senior indenture and the subordinated
indenture will be substantially in the forms included as exhibits to the registration statement of
which this prospectus is a part.
General
The senior debt securities will constitute unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of ours
and will rank pari passu with our other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations. The subordinated
debt securities will constitute our unsecured and subordinated obligations and will be junior in
right of payment to our Senior Indebtedness (including senior debt securities), as described under
the heading Certain Terms of the Subordinated Debt Securities Subordination.
The debt securities will be our unsecured obligations. Any secured debt or other secured
obligations will be effectively senior to the debt securities to the extent of the value of the
assets securing such debt or other obligations.
- 27 -
The applicable prospectus supplement will include any additional or different terms of the
debt securities being offered, including the following terms:
the debt securities designation;
the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;
the percentage of their principal amount (i.e., price) at which the debt securities will be
issued;
the date or dates on which the debt securities will mature and the right, if any, to extend
such date or dates;
the rate or rates, if any, per year, at which the debt securities will bear interest, or
the method of determining such rate or rates;
the date or dates from which such interest will accrue, the interest payment dates on which
such interest will be payable or the manner of determination of such interest payment dates and the
record dates for the determination of holders to whom interest is payable on any interest payment
date;
the right, if any, to extend the interest payment periods and the duration of that
extension;
the manner of paying principal and interest and the place or places where principal and
interest will be payable;
provisions for a sinking fund purchase or other analogous fund, if any;
the period or periods, if any, within which, the price or prices at which, and the terms
and conditions upon which the debt securities may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at our option
or at your option;
the form of the debt securities;
any provisions for payment of additional amounts for taxes and any provision for
redemption, if we must pay such additional amounts in respect of any debt security;
the terms and conditions, if any, upon which we may have to repay the debt securities early
at your option;
the currency, currencies or currency units for which you may purchase the debt securities
and the currency, currencies or currency units in which principal and interest, if any, on the debt
securities may be payable;
the terms and conditions upon which conversion or exchange of the debt securities may be
effected, if any, including the initial conversion or exchange price or rate and any adjustments
thereto and the period or periods when a conversion or exchange may be effected;
whether and upon what terms the debt securities may be defeased;
- 28 -
any events of default or covenants in addition to or in lieu of those set forth in the
indenture;
provisions for electronic issuance of debt securities or for debt securities in
uncertificated form; and
any other terms of the debt securities, including any terms which may be required by or
advisable under applicable laws or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of the
debt securities.
We may from time to time, without notice to or the consent of the holders of any series of
debt securities, create and issue further debt securities of any such series ranking equally with
the debt securities of such series in all respects (or in all respects other than the payment of
interest accruing prior to the issue date of such further debt securities or except for the first
payment of interest following the issue date of such further debt securities). Such further debt
securities may be consolidated and form a single series with the debt securities of such series and
have the same terms as to status, redemption or otherwise as the debt securities of such series.
You may present debt securities for exchange and you may present debt securities for transfer
in the manner, at the places and subject to the restrictions set forth in the debt securities and
the applicable prospectus supplement. We will provide you those services without charge, although
you may have to pay any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with any exchange or
transfer, as set forth in the indenture.
Debt securities will bear interest at a fixed rate or a floating rate. Debt securities
bearing no interest or interest at a rate that at the time of issuance is below the prevailing
market rate (original issue discount securities) may be sold at a discount below their stated
principal amount. Special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to any such discounted
debt securities or to certain debt securities issued at par which are treated as having been issued
at a discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be described in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
We may issue debt securities with the principal amount payable on any principal payment date,
or the amount of interest payable on any interest payment date, to be determined by reference to
one or more currency exchange rates, securities or baskets of securities, commodity prices or
indices. You may receive a payment of principal on any principal payment date, or a payment of
interest on any interest payment date, that is greater than or less than the amount of principal or
interest otherwise payable on such dates, depending on the value on such dates of the applicable
currency, security or basket of securities, commodity or index. Information as to the methods for
determining the amount of principal or interest payable on any date, the currencies, securities or
baskets of securities, commodities or indices to which the amount payable on such date is linked
and certain additional tax considerations will be set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Certain Terms of the Senior Debt Securities
Covenants. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, the senior debt securities
will not contain any financial or restrictive covenants, including covenants restricting either us
or any of our subsidiaries from incurring, issuing, assuming or guarantying any
- 29 -
indebtedness secured by a lien on any of our or our subsidiaries property or capital stock,
or restricting either us or any of our subsidiaries from entering into sale and leaseback
transactions.
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets. Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus
supplement, we may not consolidate with or merge into any other person, in a transaction in which
we are not the surviving corporation, or convey, transfer or lease our properties and assets
substantially as an entirety to any person, unless:
the successor entity, if any, is a U.S. corporation, limited liability company, partnership
or trust (subject to certain exceptions provided for in the senior indenture);
the successor entity assumes our obligations on the senior debt securities and under the
senior indenture;
immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no default or event of default shall
have occurred and be continuing; and
certain other conditions are met.
No Protection in the Event of a Change of Control. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus
supplement with respect to a particular series of senior debt securities, the senior debt
securities will not contain any provisions which may afford holders of the senior debt securities
protection in the event we have a change in control or in the event of a highly leveraged
transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change in control).
Events of Default. An event of default for any series of senior debt securities is defined
under the senior indenture as being:
our default in the payment of principal or premium on the senior debt securities of such
series when due and payable whether at maturity, upon acceleration, redemption or otherwise, if
that default continues for a period of five days (or such other period as may be specified for such
series);
our default in the payment of interest on any senior debt securities of such series when
due and payable, if that default continues for a period of 60 days (or such other period as may be
specified for such series);
our default in the performance of or breach of any of our other covenants or agreements in
the senior indenture applicable to senior debt securities of such series, other than a covenant
breach which is specifically dealt with elsewhere in the senior indenture, and that default or
breach continues for a period of 90 days after we receive written notice from the trustee or from
the holders of 25% or more in aggregate principal amount of the senior debt securities of all
series affected thereby;
there occurs any other event of default provided for in such series of senior debt
securities;
a court having jurisdiction enters a decree or order for (1) relief in respect of us in an
involuntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or
- 30 -
hereafter in effect; (2) appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee,
sequestrator or similar official of us or for all or substantially all of our property and assets;
or (3) the winding up or liquidation of our affairs and such decree or order shall remain unstayed
and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or
we (1) commence a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other
similar law now or hereafter in effect, or consent to the entry of an order for relief in an
involuntary case under any such law; (2) consent to the appointment of or taking possession by a
receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of ours for
all or substantially all of our property and assets; or (3) effect any general assignment for the
benefit of creditors.
The default by us under any other debt, including any other series of debt securities, is not
a default under the senior indenture.
If an event of default other than an event of default specified in the last two bullet points
above occurs with respect to a series of senior debt securities and is continuing under the senior
indenture, then, and in each and every such case, either the trustee or the holders of not less
than 25% in aggregate principal amount of such series then outstanding under the senior indenture
(each such series voting as a separate class) by written notice to us and to the trustee, if such
notice is given by the holders, may, and the trustee at the request of such holders shall, declare
the principal amount of and accrued interest, if any, on such senior debt securities to be
immediately due and payable.
If an event of default specified in the last two bullet points above occurs with respect to us
and is continuing, the entire principal amount of, and accrued interest, if any, on each series of
senior debt securities then outstanding shall become immediately due and payable.
Upon a declaration of acceleration, the principal amount of and accrued interest, if any, on
such senior debt securities shall be immediately due and payable. Unless otherwise specified in
the prospectus supplement relating to a series of senior debt securities originally issued at a
discount, the amount due upon acceleration shall include only the original issue price of the
senior debt securities, the amount of original issue discount accrued to the date of acceleration
and accrued interest, if any.
Upon certain conditions, declarations of acceleration may be rescinded and annulled and past
defaults may be waived by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of all the senior
debt securities of such series affected by the default, each series voting as a separate class (or,
of all the senior debt securities, as the case may be, voting as a single class). Furthermore,
subject to various provisions in the senior indenture, the holders of at least a majority in
aggregate principal amount of a series of senior debt securities, by notice to the trustee, may
waive an existing default or event of default with respect to such senior debt securities and its
consequences, except a default in the payment of principal of or interest on such senior debt
securities or in respect of a covenant or provision of the senior indenture which cannot be
modified or amended without the consent of the holders of each such senior debt security. Upon any
such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any event of default with respect to such
senior debt securities shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of the senior
indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or event of default
- 31 -
or impair any right consequent thereto. For information as to the waiver of defaults, see
"Modification and Waiver.
The holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of a series of senior debt
securities may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy
available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to
such senior debt securities. However, the trustee may refuse to follow any direction that
conflicts with law or the senior indenture, that may involve the trustee in personal liability, or
that the trustee determines in good faith may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of holders of
such series of senior debt securities not joining in the giving of such direction and may take any
other action it deems proper that is not inconsistent with any such direction received from holders
of such series of senior debt securities. A holder may not pursue any remedy with respect to the
senior indenture or any series of senior debt securities unless:
the holder gives the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default;
the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of such series of senior debt
securities make a written request to the trustee to pursue the remedy in respect of such event of
default;
the requesting holder or holders offer the trustee indemnity satisfactory to the trustee
against any costs, liability or expense;
the trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request
and the offer of indemnity; and
during such 60-day period, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of such
series of senior debt securities do not give the trustee a direction that is inconsistent with the
request.
These limitations, however, do not apply to the right of any holder of a senior debt security
to receive payment of the principal of or interest, if any, on such senior debt security, or to
bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment, on or after the due date for the senior debt
securities, which right shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the holder.
The senior indenture requires certain of our officers to certify, on or before a fixed date in
each year in which any senior debt security is outstanding, as to their knowledge of our compliance
with all conditions and covenants under the senior indenture.
Discharge and Defeasance. The senior indenture provides that, unless the terms of any series
of senior debt securities provides otherwise, we may discharge our obligations with respect to a
series of senior debt securities and the senior indenture with respect to such series of senior
debt securities if:
we pay or cause to be paid, as and when due and payable, the principal of and any interest
on all senior debt securities of such series outstanding under the senior indenture;
- 32 -
all senior debt securities of such series previously authenticated and delivered with
certain exceptions, have been delivered to the trustee for cancellation and we have paid all sums
payable by us under the senior indenture; or
the senior debt securities of such series mature within one year or all of them are to be
called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the trustee for giving the
notice of redemption, and we irrevocably deposit in trust with the trustee, as trust funds solely
for the benefit of the holders of the senior debt securities of such series, for that purpose, the
entire amount in cash or, in the case of any series of senior debt securities payments on which may
only be made in U.S. dollars, U.S. government obligations (maturing as to principal and interest in
such amounts and at such times as will insure the availability of sufficient cash), after payment
of all federal, state and local taxes or other charges and assessments in respect thereof payable
by the trustee, to pay principal of and interest on the senior debt securities of such series to
maturity or redemption, as the case may be, and to pay all other sums payable by us under the
senior indenture.
With respect to the first and second bullet points, only our obligations to compensate and
indemnify the trustee and our right to recover unclaimed money held by the trustee under the senior
indenture shall survive. With respect to the third bullet point, certain rights and obligations
under the senior indenture (such as our obligation to maintain an office or agency in respect of
such senior debt securities, to have moneys held for payment in trust, to register the transfer or
exchange of such senior debt securities, to deliver such senior debt securities for replacement or
to be canceled, to compensate and indemnify the trustee and to appoint a successor trustee, and our
right to recover unclaimed money held by the trustee) shall survive until such senior debt
securities are no longer outstanding. Thereafter, only our obligations to compensate and indemnify
the trustee and our right to recover unclaimed money held by the trustee shall survive.
Unless the terms of any series of senior debt securities provide otherwise, on the 121st day
after the date of deposit of the trust funds with the trustee, we will be deemed to have paid and
will be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the series of senior debt securities
provided for in the funds, and the provisions of the senior indenture will no longer be in effect
with respect to such senior debt securities (legal defeasance); provided that the following
conditions shall have been satisfied:
we have irrevocably deposited in trust with the trustee as trust funds solely for the
benefit of the holders of the senior debt securities of such series, for payment of the principal
of and interest on the senior debt securities of such series, cash in an amount or, in the case of
any series of senior debt securities payments on which can only be made in U.S. dollars, U.S.
government obligations (maturing as to principal and interest at such times and in such amounts as
will insure the availability of cash) or a combination thereof sufficient (in the opinion of a
nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification
thereof delivered to the trustee), after payment of all federal, state and local taxes or other
charges and assessments in respect thereof payable by the trustee, to pay and discharge the
principal of and accrued interest on the senior debt securities of such series to maturity or
earlier redemption, as the case may be, and any mandatory sinking fund payments on the day on which
such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of the senior indenture and the
senior debt securities of such series;
- 33 -
such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under,
the senior indenture or any other material agreement or instrument to which we are a party or by
which we are bound;
no default or event of default with respect to the senior debt securities of such series
shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit;
we shall have delivered to the trustee either an officers certificate and an opinion of
counsel that the holders of the senior debt securities of such series will not recognize income,
gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of our exercising our option under this
provision of the senior indenture and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amount and
in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit and defeasance
had not occurred or a ruling by the Internal Revenue Service to the same effect; and
we have delivered to the trustee an officers certificate and an opinion of counsel, in
each case stating that all conditions precedent provided for in the senior indenture relating to
the contemplated defeasance of the senior debt securities of such series have been complied with.
Subsequent to the legal defeasance above, certain rights and obligations under the senior
indenture (such as our obligation to maintain an office or agency in respect of such senior debt
securities, to have moneys held for payment in trust, to register the exchange of such senior debt
securities, to deliver such senior debt securities for replacement or to be canceled, to compensate
and indemnify the trustee and to appoint a successor trustee, and our right to recover unclaimed
money held by the trustee) shall survive until such senior debt securities are no longer
outstanding. After such senior debt securities are no longer outstanding, only our obligations to
compensate and indemnify the trustee and our right to recover unclaimed money held by the trustee
shall survive.
Modification and Waiver. We and the trustee may amend or supplement the senior indenture or
the senior debt securities without the consent of any holder:
to convey, mortgage or pledge any assets as security for the senior debt securities of one
or more series;
to evidence the succession of another corporation to us, and the assumption by such
successor corporation of our covenants, agreements and obligations under the senior indenture;
to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the senior indenture or in any
supplemental indenture or to conform the senior indenture or the senior debt securities to the
description of senior debt securities of such series set forth in this prospectus or a prospectus
supplement;
to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee,
or to make such changes as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of
the trusts in the senior indenture by more than one trustee;
to provide for or add guarantors with respect to the senior debt securities of any series;
- 34 -
to establish the form or forms or terms of the senior debt securities as permitted by the
senior indenture;
to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations and restrictions on the
authorized amount, terms, purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of any series of senior
debt securities;
to add to our covenants such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the
protection of the holders, and to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance, of a
default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of
default;
to make any change to the senior debt securities of any series so long as no senior debt
securities of such series are outstanding; or
to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder in any material
respect.
Other amendments and modifications of the senior indenture or the senior debt securities
issued may be made, and our compliance with any provision of the senior indenture with respect to
any series of senior debt securities may be waived, with the consent of the holders of not less
than a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding senior debt securities of all
series affected by the amendment or modification (voting as one class); provided, however, that
each affected holder must consent to any modification, amendment or waiver that:
extends the stated maturity of the principal of, or any installment of interest on, any
senior debt securities of such series;
reduces the principal amount of, or premium, if any, or interest on, any senior debt
securities of such series;
changes the currency of payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, any
senior debt securities of such series;
changes the provisions for calculating the optional redemption price, including the
definitions relating thereto;
changes the provisions relating to the waiver of past defaults or changes or impairs the
right of holders to receive payment or to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment of any
senior debt securities of such series on or after the due date therefor;
reduces the above-stated percentage of outstanding senior debt securities of such series
the consent of whose holders is necessary to modify or amend or to waive certain provisions of or
defaults under the senior indenture;
waives a default in the payment of principal of or interest on the senior debt securities;
adversely affects the rights of such holder under any mandatory redemption or repurchase
provision or any right of redemption or repurchase at the option of such holder; or
- 35 -
modifies any of the provisions of this paragraph, except to increase any required
percentage or to provide that certain other provisions cannot be modified or waived without the
consent of the holder of each senior debt security of such series affected by the modification.
It shall not be necessary for the consent of the holders under this section of the senior
indenture to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or waiver, but it
shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. After an amendment, supplement
or waiver under this section of the senior indenture becomes effective, the trustee must give to
the holders affected thereby certain notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver.
We will mail supplemental indentures to holders upon request. Any failure by the trustee to give
such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of
any such supplemental indenture or waiver.
No Personal Liability of Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers, Directors. The senior
indenture provides that no recourse shall be had under or upon any obligation, covenant or
agreement of ours in the senior indenture or any supplemental indenture, or in any of the senior
debt securities or because of the creation of any indebtedness represented thereby, against any
incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, past, present or future, of ours or of any
predecessor or successor corporation thereof under any law, statute or constitutional provision or
by the enforcement of any assessment or by any legal or equitable proceeding or otherwise. Each
holder, by accepting the senior debt securities, waives and releases all such liability.
Concerning the Trustee. The senior indenture provides that, except during the continuance of
a default, the trustee will not be liable, except for the performance of such duties as are
specifically set forth in the senior indenture. If an event of default has occurred and is
continuing, the trustee will exercise such rights and powers vested in it under the senior
indenture and will use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would
exercise under the circumstances in the conduct of such persons own affairs.
We may have normal banking relationships with the trustee under the senior indenture in the
ordinary course of business.
Unclaimed Funds. All funds deposited with the trustee or any paying agent for the payment of
principal, interest, premium or additional amounts in respect of the senior debt securities that
remain unclaimed for two years after the maturity date of such senior debt securities will be
repaid to us. Thereafter, any right of any noteholder to such funds shall be enforceable only
against us, and the trustee and paying agents will have no liability therefor.
Governing Law. The senior indenture and the debt securities will be governed by, and
construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York.
Certain Terms of the Subordinated Debt Securities
Other than the terms of the subordinated indenture and subordinated debt securities relating
to subordination, or otherwise as described in the prospectus supplement relating to a particular
series of subordinated debt securities, the terms of the subordinated indenture and subordinated
debt securities are identical in all material respects to the terms of the senior indenture and
senior debt securities. Additional or different subordination terms may be specified in the
prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series.
- 36 -
Subordination. The indebtedness evidenced by the subordinated debt securities is subordinate
to the prior payment in full of all our Senior Indebtedness, as defined in the subordinated
indenture. During the continuance beyond any applicable grace period of any default in the payment
of principal, premium, interest or any other payment due on any of our Senior Indebtedness, we may
not make any payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on the subordinated debt
securities. In addition, upon any payment or distribution of our assets upon any dissolution,
winding up, liquidation or reorganization, the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, and
interest on the subordinated debt securities will be subordinated to the extent provided in the
subordinated indenture in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all our Senior
Indebtedness. Because of this subordination, if we dissolve or otherwise liquidate, holders of our
subordinated debt securities may receive less, ratably, than holders of our Senior Indebtedness.
The subordination provisions do not prevent the occurrence of an event of default under the
subordinated indenture.
The term Senior Indebtedness of a person means with respect to such person the principal of,
premium, if any, interest on, and any other payment due pursuant to any of the following, whether
outstanding on the date of the subordinated indenture or incurred by that person in the future:
all of the indebtedness of that person for money borrowed;
all of the indebtedness of that person evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other
securities sold by that person for money;
all of the lease obligations which are capitalized on the books of that person in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
all indebtedness of others of the kinds described in the first two bullet points above and
all lease obligations of others of the kind described in the third bullet point above that the
person, in any manner, assumes or guarantees or that the person in effect guarantees through an
agreement to purchase, whether that agreement is contingent or otherwise; and
all renewals, extensions or refundings of indebtedness of the kinds described in the first,
second or fourth bullet point above and all renewals or extensions of leases of the kinds described
in the third or fourth bullet point above;
unless, in the case of any particular indebtedness, lease, renewal, extension or refunding, the
instrument or lease creating or evidencing it or the assumption or guarantee relating to it
expressly provides that such indebtedness, lease, renewal, extension or refunding is not superior
in right of payment to the subordinated debt securities. Our senior debt securities constitute
Senior Indebtedness for purposes of the subordinated debt indenture.
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS
We may offer units, which may represent an interest in one or more debt securities, warrants,
shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, shares of equity stock, or depositary shares
described in this prospectus. For any particular units we offer, the applicable prospectus
- 37 -
supplement will describe the particular securities comprising each unit; the terms on which
those securities will be separable, if any; whether the holder will pledge property to secure the
performance of any obligations the holder may have under the unit; and any other specific terms of
the units. We may issue the units under unit agreements between us and one or more unit agents.
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion describes the material U.S. federal income tax considerations
relating to the taxation of PS Business Parks as a REIT and the acquisition, ownership and
disposition of our common shares. If we offer securities other than common stock, information
about any additional income tax consequences to holders of those securities will be included in the
documents pursuant to which those securities are offered. For purposes of the following
discussion, references to our company, we and us mean PS Business Parks, Inc. and not its
subsidiaries or affiliates, operating partnership refers to P.S. Business Parks, L.P., AOPP
refers to American Office Park Properties, Inc. and merger refers to the merger of our company
with AOPP.
Because this is a summary that is intended to address only the federal income tax
considerations relating to the ownership and disposition of our common stock, it may not contain
all the information that may be important in your specific circumstances. As you review this
discussion, you should keep in mind that:
|
1. |
|
The tax considerations to you may vary depending on your particular tax
situation; |
|
|
2. |
|
Special rules that are not discussed below may apply to you if, for example,
you are a tax-exempt organization, a broker-dealer, a non-U.S. person, a trust, an
estate, a regulated investment company, a financial institution, an insurance company,
or otherwise subject to special tax treatment under the Internal Revenue Code, or the
Code; |
|
|
3. |
|
This summary addresses neither U.S. federal taxes other than income tax nor
state, local or non-U.S. tax considerations; |
|
|
4. |
|
This summary deals only with PS Business Parks common shareholders that hold
common shares as capital assets, within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code; and |
|
|
5. |
|
This discussion is not intended to be, and should not be construed as, tax
advice. |
You are urged both to review the following discussion and to consult with your tax advisor to
determine the effect of acquiring, owning and disposing of our common stock in your individual tax
situation, including any state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences.
The information in this section is based on the Code, current, temporary and proposed
regulations promulgated by the U.S. Treasury Department, the legislative history of the Code,
current administrative interpretations and practices of the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS,
and court decisions. The reference to IRS interpretations and practices includes IRS practices and
policies as endorsed in private letter rulings, which are not binding on the IRS except with
- 38 -
respect to the taxpayer that receives the ruling. In each case, these sources are relied upon
as they exist on the date of this registration statement. Future legislation, regulations,
administrative interpretations and court decisions could change current law or adversely affect
existing interpretations of current law. Any change could apply retroactively. We have not
requested and do not plan to request any rulings from the IRS concerning the tax treatment of our
company or the operating partnership. Accordingly, even if there is no change in the applicable
law, no assurance can be provided that the statements made in the following discussion, which do
not bind the IRS or the courts, will not be challenged by the IRS or will be sustained by a court
if so challenged.
Taxation of PS Business Parks as a REIT
General. Our company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code. A REIT generally
is not subject to federal income tax on the net income that it distributes to shareholders if it
meets the applicable REIT distribution requirements and other requirements for REIT qualification
under the Code.
We believe that we have been and that we are organized and have operated, and we intend to
continue to operate, in a manner to qualify as a REIT, but there can be no assurance that we
qualify or will remain qualified as a REIT. Qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our
ability to meet, through actual annual (or in some cases quarterly) operating results, requirements
relating to income, asset ownership, distribution levels and diversity of share ownership, and the
various other REIT qualification requirements imposed under the Code. Given the complex nature of
the REIT qualification requirements, the ongoing importance of factual determinations and the
possibility of future changes in our circumstances, we cannot provide any assurance that our actual
operating results will satisfy the requirements for taxation as a REIT under the Code for any
particular taxable year.
The sections of the Code that relate to our qualification and operation as a REIT are highly
technical and complex. This discussion sets forth the material aspects of the sections of the Code
that govern the federal income tax treatment of a REIT and its shareholders. This summary is
qualified in its entirety by the applicable Code provisions, relevant rules and Treasury
regulations, and related administrative and judicial interpretations.
Taxation. For each taxable year in which we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we generally will
not be subject to federal corporate income tax on our net income that is distributed currently to
our shareholders. U.S. Shareholders (as defined below) generally will be subject to taxation on
dividends (other than designated capital gain dividends and qualified dividend income) at rates
applicable to ordinary income, instead of at lower capital gain rates. Qualification for taxation
as a REIT enables the REIT and its shareholders to substantially eliminate the double taxation
(that is, taxation at both the corporate and shareholder levels) that generally results from an
investment in a regular corporation. Regular corporations (non-REIT C corporations) generally
are subject to federal corporate income taxation on their income and shareholders of regular
corporations are subject to tax on any dividends that are received. Currently, however,
shareholders of regular corporations who are taxed at individual rates generally are taxed on
dividends they receive at capital gains rates, which are lower for individuals than ordinary income
rates, and shareholders of regular corporations who are taxed at regular corporate rates will
receive the benefit of a dividends received deduction that substantially reduces the effective
- 39 -
rate that they pay on such dividends. Income earned by a REIT and distributed currently to
its shareholders generally will be subject to lower aggregate rates of federal income taxation than
if such income were earned by a non-REIT C corporation, subjected to corporate income tax, and
then distributed to shareholders and subjected to tax either at capital gain rates or the effective
rate paid by a corporate recipient entitled to the benefit of the dividends received deduction.
While we generally will not be subject to corporate income taxes on income that we distribute
currently to shareholders, we will be subject to federal income tax as follows:
|
1. |
|
We will be taxed at regular corporate rates on any undistributed REIT taxable
income. REIT taxable income is the taxable income of the REIT subject to specified
adjustments, including a deduction for dividends paid. |
|
|
2. |
|
We may be subject to the alternative minimum tax on our undistributed items
of tax preference, if any. |
|
|
3. |
|
If we have (1) net income from the sale or other disposition of foreclosure
property that is held primarily for sale to tenants in the ordinary course of
business, or (2) other non-qualifying income from foreclosure property, we will be
subject to tax at the highest corporate rate on this income. |
|
|
4. |
|
Our net income from prohibited transactions will be subject to a 100% tax. In
general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property held
primarily for sale to tenants in the ordinary course of business other than foreclosure
property. |
|
|
5. |
|
If we fail to satisfy either the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income
test discussed below, but nonetheless maintain our qualification as a REIT because
other requirements are met, we will be subject to a tax equal to the gross income
attributable to the greater of either (1) the amount by which 75% of our gross income
exceeds the amount of our income qualifying under the 75% test for the taxable year or
(2) the amount by which 95% of our gross income exceeds the amount of our income
qualifying for the 95% income test for the taxable year, multiplied in either case by a
fraction intended to reflect our profitability. |
|
|
6. |
|
We will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the excess of the
required distribution over the sum of amounts actually distributed, excess
distributions from the preceding tax year and amounts retained for which federal income
tax was paid if we fail to make the required distributions by the end of a calendar
year. The required distributions for each calendar year is equal to the sum of: |
|
|
|
85% of our REIT ordinary income for the year; |
|
|
|
|
95% of our REIT capital gain net income for the year; and |
|
|
|
|
any undistributed taxable income from prior taxable years. |
|
7. |
|
We will be subject to a 100% penalty tax on some payments we receive (or on
certain expenses deducted by a taxable REIT subsidiary) if arrangements among us, our |
- 40 -
|
|
|
tenants, and our taxable REIT subsidiaries are not comparable to similar arrangements
among unrelated parties. |
|
|
8. |
|
If we acquire any assets from a non-REIT C corporation in a carry-over basis
transaction, we would be liable for corporate income tax, at the highest applicable
corporate rate for the built-in gain with respect to those assets if we disposed of
those assets within 10 years after they were acquired. Built-in gain is the amount by
which an assets fair market value exceeds its adjusted tax basis at the time we
acquire the asset. To the extent that assets are transferred to us in a carry-over
basis transaction by a partnership in which a corporation owns an interest, we will be
subject to this tax in proportion to the non-REIT C corporations interest in the
partnership. |
|
|
9. |
|
With regard to our 2005 and subsequent taxable years, if we fail to satisfy one
of the REIT asset tests (other than certain de minimis failures), but nonetheless
maintain our qualification as a REIT because other requirements are met, we will be
subject to a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the amount determined by
multiplying the net income generated by the non-qualifying assets during the period of
time that the assets were held as non-qualifying assets by the highest rate of tax
applicable to corporations. |
|
|
10. |
|
With regard to our 2005 and subsequent taxable years, if we fail to satisfy
certain of the requirements under the Code the failure of which would result in the
loss of our REIT status, and the failure is due to reasonable cause and not willful
neglect, we may be required to pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure in order
to maintain our qualification as a REIT. |
|
|
11. |
|
If we fail to comply with the requirements to send annual letters to our
shareholders requesting information regarding the actual ownership of our shares and
the failure was not due to reasonable cause or was due to willful neglect, we will be
subject to a $25,000 penalty or, if the failure is intentional, a $50,000 penalty. |
Furthermore, notwithstanding our status as a REIT, we also may have to pay certain state and
local income taxes, because not all states and localities treat REITs the same as they are treated
for federal income tax purposes. Moreover, each of our taxable REIT subsidiaries (as further
described below) is subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes on its net income.
If we are subject to taxation on our REIT taxable income or subject to tax due to the sale of
a built-in gain asset that was acquired in a carry-over basis from a non-REIT C corporation, some
of the dividends we pay to our shareholders during the following year may be subject to tax at the
reduced capital gains rates, rather than taxed at ordinary income rates. See Taxation of U.S.
ShareholdersQualified Dividend Income.
Requirements for Qualification as a REIT. The Code defines a REIT as a corporation, trust
or association:
|
1. |
|
that is managed by one or more trustees or directors; |
- 41 -
|
2. |
|
that issues transferable shares or transferable certificates to evidence its
beneficial ownership; |
|
|
3. |
|
that would be taxable as a domestic corporation, but for Sections 856 through
860 of the Code; |
|
|
4. |
|
that is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company within the
meaning of certain provisions of the Code; |
|
|
5. |
|
that is beneficially owned by 100 or more persons; |
|
|
6. |
|
not more than 50% in value of the outstanding shares or other beneficial
interest of which is owned, actually or constructively, by five or fewer individuals
(as defined in the Code to include certain entities and as determined by applying
certain attribution rules) during the last half of each taxable year; |
|
|
7. |
|
that makes an election to be a REIT for the current taxable year, or has made
such an election for a previous taxable year that has not been revoked or terminated,
and satisfies all relevant filing and other administrative requirements established by
the IRS that must be met to elect and maintain REIT status; |
|
|
8. |
|
that uses a calendar year for federal income tax purposes and complies with the
recordkeeping requirements of the Code and the Treasury regulations promulgated
thereunder; and |
|
|
9. |
|
that meets other applicable tests, described below, regarding the nature of its
income and assets and the amount of its distributions. |
The Code provides that conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4 above must be met during the entire taxable
year and condition 5 above must be met during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or
during a proportionate part of a taxable year of less than 12 months. Conditions 5 and 6 do not
apply during the first taxable year for which an election is made to be taxed as a REIT. For
purposes of determining share ownership under condition 6 above, a supplemental unemployment
compensation benefits plan, a private foundation or a portion of a trust permanently set aside or
used exclusively for charitable purposes generally is considered an individual. However, a trust
that is a qualified trust under Code Section 401(a) generally is not considered an individual, and
beneficiaries of a qualified trust are treated as holding shares of a REIT in proportion to their
actuarial interests in the trust for purposes of condition 6 above.
We believe that we have been organized, have operated and have issued sufficient shares of
beneficial ownership with sufficient diversity of ownership to allow us to satisfy the above
conditions. In addition, our articles of incorporation contain restrictions regarding the transfer
of shares of beneficial interests that are intended to assist us in continuing to satisfy the share
ownership requirements described in conditions 5 and 6 above. These restrictions, however, may not
ensure that we will be able to satisfy these share ownership requirements. Moreover, these
restrictions will not apply to shares owned at the time of the merger, or to shares of our stock
deemed to be owned by a person as a result of such persons ownership of shares of Public Storage
(however, such deemed ownership will be taken into account in determining whether a subsequent
acquisition or transfer of shares of our company (but not Public Storage) violates the
- 42 -
limitations). If we fail to satisfy these share ownership requirements, we will fail to
qualify as a REIT.
To monitor compliance with condition 6 above, a REIT is required to send annual letters to
its shareholders requesting information regarding the actual ownership of its shares. If we comply
with the annual letters requirement and do not know, or exercising reasonable diligence, would not
have known, of a failure to meet condition 6 above, then we will be treated as having met condition
6 above.
To qualify as a REIT, we cannot have at the end of any taxable year any undistributed earnings
and profits that are attributable to a non-REIT taxable year. As a result of the merger, our
company succeeded to various tax attributes of AOPP, including any undistributed earnings and
profits. AOPP was taxable as a non-REIT C corporation prior to 1997, but does not believe that it
has transferred any undistributed non-REIT earnings and profits to our company. However, neither
we nor AOPP has sought an opinion of counsel or outside accountants to the effect that we did not
acquire any undistributed non-REIT earnings and profits from AOPP. There can be no assurance that
the IRS would not contend otherwise on a subsequent audit.
If the IRS determined that we inherited undistributed non-REIT earnings and profits and that
we did not distribute the non-REIT earnings and profits by the end of that taxable year, it appears
that we could avoid disqualification as a REIT by using deficiency dividend procedures to
distribute the non-REIT earnings and profits. The deficiency dividend procedures would require us
to make a distribution to shareholders, in addition to the regularly required REIT distributions,
within 90 days of the IRS determination. In addition, we would have to pay to the IRS interest on
50% of the non-REIT earnings and profits that were not distributed prior to the end of the taxable
year in which we inherited the undistributed non-REIT earnings and profits. Finally, if AOPP were
determined not to have qualified as a REIT for the taxable year ended December 31, 1997 or its
short taxable year ending at the time of the merger, we would not be eligible to elect REIT status
for up to four years after the year in which AOPP failed to qualify as a REIT. AOPP made an
election to be taxed as a REIT commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 1997. We and
AOPP believe that AOPPs election is valid and that AOPP was organized, and operated in 1997 and
until the time of the merger, in conformity with the requirements for taxation as a REIT.
Qualified REIT Subsidiaries. We may acquire 100% of the stock of one or more corporations
that are qualified REIT subsidiaries. A corporation will qualify as a qualified REIT subsidiary if
we own 100% of its stock and it is not a taxable REIT subsidiary. A qualified REIT subsidiary will
not be treated as a separate corporation, and all assets, liabilities and items of income,
deduction and credit of a qualified REIT subsidiary will be treated as our assets, liabilities and
such items (as the case may be) for all purposes of the Code, including the REIT qualification
tests. For this reason, references in this discussion to our income and assets should be
understood to include the income and assets of any qualified REIT subsidiary we own. Income of a
qualified REIT subsidiary will not be subject to federal income tax, although it may be subject to
state and local taxation in some states. Our ownership of the voting stock of a qualified REIT
subsidiary will not violate the asset test restrictions against ownership of securities of any one
issuer which constitute more than 10% of the voting power or value of such issuers securities or
more than five percent of the value of our total assets, as described below in Asset Tests
Applicable to REITs.
- 43 -
Taxable REIT Subsidiaries. A taxable REIT subsidiary is a corporation other than a REIT in
which we directly or indirectly hold stock, which has made a joint election with us to be treated
as a taxable REIT subsidiary under Section 856(l) of the Code. A taxable REIT subsidiary also
includes any corporation other than a REIT in which a taxable REIT subsidiary of ours owns,
directly or indirectly, securities, (other than certain straight debt securities), which
represent more than 35% of the total voting power or value of the outstanding securities of such
corporation. Other than some activities relating to lodging and health care facilities, a taxable
REIT subsidiary may generally engage in any business, including the provision of customary or
non-customary services to our tenants without causing us to receive impermissible tenant service
income under the REIT gross income tests. A taxable REIT subsidiary is required to pay regular
federal income tax, and state and local income tax where applicable, as a non-REIT C corporation.
In addition, a taxable REIT subsidiary may be prevented from deducting interest on debt funded
directly or indirectly by us if certain tests regarding the taxable REIT subsidiarys debt to
equity ratio and interest expense are not satisfied. If dividends are paid to us by our taxable
REIT subsidiary, then a portion of the dividends we distribute to shareholders who are taxed at
individual rates will generally be eligible for taxation at lower capital gains rates, rather than
at ordinary income rates. See Taxation of U.S. ShareholdersQualified Dividend Income.
Generally, a taxable REIT subsidiary can perform impermissible tenant services without causing
us to receive impermissible tenant services income under the REIT income tests. However, several
provisions applicable to the arrangements between a REIT and its taxable REIT subsidiaries are
intended to ensure that a taxable REIT subsidiary will be subject to an appropriate level of
federal income taxation. For example, a taxable REIT subsidiary is limited in its ability to
deduct interest payments made directly or indirectly to us in excess of a certain amount. In
addition, a REIT will be obligated to pay a 100% penalty tax on some payments that it receives or
on certain expenses deducted by the taxable REIT subsidiary if the economic arrangements between
the REIT, the REITs tenants and the taxable REIT subsidiary are not comparable to similar
arrangements among unrelated parties. Our taxable REIT subsidiaries may make interest and other
payments to us and to third parties in connection with activities related to our properties. There
can be no assurance that our taxable REIT subsidiaries will not be limited in their ability to
deduct certain interest payments made to us. In addition, there can be no assurance that the IRS
might not seek to impose the 100% excise tax on a portion of payments received by us from, or
expenses deducted by, our taxable REIT subsidiaries.
Ownership of Partnership Interests by a REIT. A REIT that owns an equity interest in an
entity treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes is deemed to own its share (based
upon its proportionate share of the capital of the partnership) of the assets of the partnership
and is deemed to earn its proportionate share of the partnerships income. The assets and gross
income of the partnership retain the same character in the hands of the REIT for purposes of the
gross income and asset tests applicable to REITs as described below. Thus, our proportionate share
of assets and items of income of the operating partnership, including the operating partnerships
share of assets and items of income of any subsidiaries that are treated as partnerships for
federal income tax purposes, are treated as assets and items of income of our company for purposes
of applying the REIT asset and income tests. For these purposes, under current Treasury
regulations our interest in each of the partnerships must be determined in accordance with our
capital interest in each entity, as applicable. We have control over the operating partnership
and substantially all of the partnership and limited liability company
- 44 -
subsidiaries of the operating partnership and intend to operate them in a manner that is
consistent with the requirements for qualification of our company as a REIT.
We believe that the operating partnership and each of the partnerships and limited liability
companies in which we own an interest, directly or through another partnership or limited liability
company, will be treated as partnerships or disregarded for federal income tax purposes and will
not be taxable as corporations. If any of these entities were treated as a corporation, it would be
subject to an entity level tax on its income and we could fail to meet the REIT income and asset
tests. See Taxation of PS Business Parks as a REITIncome Tests Applicable to REITs and
Taxation of PS Business Parks as a REITAsset Tests Applicable to REITs below.
Income Tests Applicable to REITs. To qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy two gross income
tests which are applied on an annual basis. First, in each taxable year we must derive directly or
indirectly at least 75% of our gross income, excluding gross income from prohibited transactions,
from investments relating to real property or mortgages on real property or from some types of
temporary investments. Income from investments relating to real property or mortgages on related
property includes rents from real property, gains on the disposition of real estate, dividends
paid by another REIT and interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real property or on
interests in real property. Second, in each taxable year we must derive at least 95% of our gross
income, excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, from any combination of income
qualifying under the 75% test and dividends, interest, and gain from the sale or disposition of
stock or securities.
Rents we receive will qualify as rents from real property for the purpose of satisfying the
gross income requirements for a REIT described above only if several conditions are met:
|
|
|
The amount of rent must not be based in whole or in part on the income or profits of
any person. However, an amount we receive or accrue generally will not be excluded
from the term rents from real property solely by reason of being based on a fixed
percentage or percentages of gross receipts or sales; |
|
|
|
|
We, or an actual or constructive owner of 10% or more of our shares, must not
actually or constructively own 10% or more of the interests in a tenant, or, if the
tenant is a corporation, 10% or more of the voting power or value of all classes of
stock of the tenant. Any such tenant is referred to as a related party tenant.
Rents received from a related party tenant that is a taxable REIT subsidiary, however,
will not be excluded from the definition of rents from real property as a result of
this condition if either (i) at least 90% of the space at the property to which the
rents relate is leased to third parties, and the rents paid by the taxable REIT
subsidiary are comparable to rents paid by our other tenants for comparable space or
(ii) the property is a qualified lodging property or, for taxable years of REITs
beginning after July 30, 2008, a qualified health care property, and such property is
operated on behalf of the taxable REIT subsidiary by a person who is an independent
contractor and certain other requirements are met; |
|
|
|
|
Rent attributable to personal property, leased in connection with a lease of real
property, is not greater than 15% of the total rent received under the lease. If this |
- 45 -
|
|
|
requirement is not met, then the portion of rent attributable to personal property will
not qualify as rents from real property; and |
|
|
|
|
We generally must not provide directly impermissible tenant services to the tenants
of a property, subject to a 1% de minimis exception, other than through an independent
contractor from whom we derive no income or a taxable REIT subsidiary. We may,
however, directly perform certain services that are usually or customarily rendered
in connection with the rental of space for occupancy only and are not otherwise
considered rendered primarily for the convenience of the tenant of the property.
Examples of such services include the provision of light, heat, or other utilities,
trash removal and general maintenance of common areas. In addition, we may provide
through an independent contractor or a taxable REIT subsidiary, which may be wholly or
partially owned by us, both customary and non-customary services to our tenants without
causing the rent we receive from those tenants to fail to qualify as rents from real
property. If the total amount of income we receive from providing impermissible
tenant services at a property exceeds 1% of our total income from that property, then
all of the income from that property will fail to qualify as rents from real
property. Impermissible tenant service income is deemed to be at least 150% of our
direct cost in providing the service. |
In light of these requirements, we do not intend to take any of the actions listed below,
unless we determine that the resulting nonqualifying income, taken together with all other
nonqualifying income that we earn in the taxable year, will not jeopardize our status as a REIT:
|
1. |
|
charge rent for any property that is based in whole or in part on the income or
profits of any person (unless based on a fixed percentage or percentages of gross
receipts or sales, as permitted and described above); |
|
|
2. |
|
rent any property to a related party tenant, including a taxable REIT
subsidiary, unless the rent from the lease to the taxable REIT subsidiary would qualify
for the special exception from the related party tenant rule applicable to certain
leases with a taxable REIT subsidiary; |
|
|
3. |
|
derive rental income attributable to personal property other than personal
property leased in connection with the lease of real property, the amount of which is
less than 15% of the total rent received under the lease; or |
|
|
4. |
|
directly perform services considered to be noncustomary or rendered to the
occupant of the property. |
We provide services and provides access to third party service providers at some or all of our
properties. However, based on our experience in the rental markets where the properties are
located, we believe that all access to service providers and services provided to tenants by our
company either are usually or customarily rendered in connection with the rental of real property
and not otherwise considered rendered to the occupant, or, if considered impermissible services,
will not result in an amount of impermissible tenant service income that will cause us to fail to
meet the income test requirements. However, we cannot provide any assurance that the IRS will
agree with these positions. We monitor the activities at our properties and believe that we have
not provided services that will cause us to fail to meet the income tests. We intend to continue
to
- 46 -
monitor the services provided at, and the nonqualifying income arising from, each of our
properties. We have earned and expect to continue to earn a small amount of nonqualifying income
relative to our total gross income in any relevant taxable year. We believe that the amount of
nonqualifying income generated from these activities has not affected and will not affect our
ability to meet the 95% gross income tests.
Interest income that depends in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person
generally will be non-qualifying income for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests.
However, interest based on a fixed percentage or percentages of gross receipts or sales may still
qualify under the gross income tests. We do not expect to derive significant amounts of interest
that would fail to qualify under the 75% and 95% gross income tests.
Our share of any dividends received from our corporate subsidiaries that are not qualified
REIT subsidiaries (and from other corporations in which we own an interest) will qualify for
purposes of the 95% gross income test but not for purposes of the 75% gross income test. We do not
anticipate that we will receive sufficient dividends to cause us to exceed the limit on
nonqualifying income under the 75% gross income test. Dividends that we receive from other
qualifying REITs will qualify for purposes of both REIT income tests.
If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year,
we may nevertheless qualify as a REIT for that year if we are entitled to relief under the Code.
These relief provisions generally will be available if our failure to meet the tests is due to
reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, and we disclose to the IRS the sources of our
income as required by the Code and applicable regulations. It is not possible, however, to state
whether in all circumstances we would be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions. For
example, if we fail to satisfy the gross income tests because nonqualifying income that we
intentionally incur exceeds the limits on nonqualifying income, the IRS could conclude that the
failure to satisfy the tests was not due to reasonable cause. If these relief provisions are
inapplicable to a particular set of circumstances, we will fail to qualify as a REIT. As discussed
under Taxation of PS Business Parks as a REITGeneral, even if these relief provisions apply, a
tax would be imposed based on the amount of nonqualifying income.
Prohibited Transaction Income. Any gain that we realize on the sale of any property held as
inventory or otherwise held primarily for sale to tenants in the ordinary course of business,
including our share of any such gain realized through our subsidiary partnerships and disregarded
entities for federal income tax purposes, will be treated as income from a prohibited transaction
that is subject to a 100% penalty tax. Under existing law, whether property is held as inventory
or primarily for sale to tenants in the ordinary course of a trade or business is a question of
fact that depends on all the facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction.
However, we will not be treated as a dealer in real property with respect to a property we sell for
the purposes of the 100% tax if (i) we have held the property for at least two years (or, for sales
on or prior to July 30, 2008, four years) for the production of rental income prior to the sale,
(ii) capitalized expenditures on the property in the two years (or, for sales on or prior to July
30, 2008, four years) preceding the sale are less than 30% of the net selling price of the
property, and (iii) (a) we have seven or fewer sales of property for the year of sale or (b) either
(I) the aggregate tax basis of property sold during the year of sale is 10% or less of the
aggregate tax basis of all of our assets as of the beginning of the taxable year, or (II) for sales
after July 30, 2008, the aggregate fair market value of property sold during the year of sale is
- 47 -
10% or less of the aggregate fair market value of all of our assets as of the beginning of the
taxable year, and (III) in the case of either (I) or (II), substantially all of the marketing and
development expenditures with respect to the property sold are made through an independent
contractor from whom we derive no income. The sale of more than one property to one buyer as part
of one transaction constitutes one sale for purposes of this safe harbor. For purposes of either
(iii)(a) or (iii)(b), certain property obtained through foreclosure is generally not included in
determining whether the asset tests are satisfied.
We intend to hold our facilities for investment with a view to long-term appreciation, to
engage in the business of acquiring, developing and owning our facilities and to make occasional
sales of facilities as are consistent with our investment objectives. However, the IRS may
successfully contend that some or all of the sales made by us are prohibited transactions. In that
case, we would be required to pay the 100% penalty tax on our allocable share of the gains
resulting from any such sales.
Penalty Tax. Any redetermined rents, redetermined deductions or excess interest we generate
will be subject to a 100% penalty tax. In general, redetermined rents are rents from real property
that are overstated as a result of services furnished by one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries to
any of our tenants, and redetermined deductions and excess interest represent amounts that are
deducted by a taxable REIT subsidiary for payments to us that are in excess of the amounts that
would have been deducted based on arms-length negotiations. Rents we receive will not constitute
redetermined rents if they qualify for the safe harbor provisions contained in the Code. Safe
harbor provisions are provided where:
|
|
|
amounts are excluded from the definition of impermissible tenant service income as a
result of satisfying the 1% de minimis exception; |
|
|
|
|
a taxable REIT subsidiary renders a significant amount of similar services to
unrelated parties and the charges for such services are substantially comparable; |
|
|
|
|
rents paid to us by tenants who are not receiving services from the taxable REIT
subsidiary are substantially comparable to the rents paid by our tenants leasing
comparable space who are receiving services from the taxable REIT subsidiary and the
charge for the services is separately stated; or |
|
|
|
|
the taxable REIT subsidiarys gross income from the service is not less than 150% of
the taxable REIT subsidiarys direct cost of furnishing the service. |
While we anticipate that any fees paid to a taxable REIT subsidiary for tenant services will
reflect arms-length rates, a taxable REIT subsidiary may under certain circumstances provide
tenant services which do not satisfy any of the safe-harbor provisions described above.
Nevertheless, these determinations are inherently factual, and the IRS has broad discretion to
assert that amounts paid between related parties should be reallocated to clearly reflect their
respective incomes. If the IRS successfully made such an assertion, we would be required to pay a
100% penalty tax on the redetermined rent, redetermined deductions or excess interest, as
applicable.
Asset Tests Applicable to REITs. At the close of each quarter of our taxable year, we must
satisfy four tests relating to the nature and diversification of our assets:
- 48 -
|
1. |
|
At least 75% of the value of our total assets must be represented by real
estate assets, cash, cash items and government securities. For purposes of this test,
real estate assets include our allocable share of real estate assets held by entities
that are treated as partnerships or that are disregarded for federal income tax
purposes, as well as stock or debt instruments that are purchased with the proceeds of
an offering of shares or a public offering of debt with a term of at least five years,
but only for the one-year period beginning on the date we receive such proceeds. |
|
|
2. |
|
Not more than 25% of our total assets may be represented by securities, other
than those securities includable in the 75% asset class (e.g., securities that qualify
as real estate assets and government securities); |
|
|
3. |
|
Except for equity investments in REITs, debt or equity investments in qualified
REIT subsidiaries and taxable REIT subsidiaries, and other securities that qualify as
real estate assets for purpose of the 75% test described in clause 1: |
|
|
|
the value of any one issuers securities owned by us may not exceed 5% of
the value of our total assets; |
|
|
|
|
we may not own more than 10% of any one issuers outstanding voting
securities; and |
|
|
|
|
we may not own more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding
securities of any one issuer, other than securities that qualify for the
straight debt exception discussed below; and |
|
4. |
|
Not more than 25% of the value of our total assets may be represented by the
securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries (20% for our taxable years prior to
2009) (herein referred to as the 25% TRS asset test). |
Securities for purposes of the asset tests may include debt securities. However, the Code
specifically provides that the following types of debt will not be taken into account for purposes
of the 10% value test: (1) securities that meet the straight debt safe-harbor, as discussed in
the next paragraph; (2) loans to individuals or estates; (3) obligations to pay rent from real
property; (4) rental agreements described in Section 467 of the Code; (5) any security issued by
other REITs; (6) certain securities issued by a state, the District of Columbia, a foreign
government, or a political subdivision of any of the foregoing, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico;
and (7) any other arrangement as determined by the IRS. In addition, for purposes of the 10% value
test only, to the extent we hold debt securities that are not described in the preceding sentence,
(a) debt issued by partnerships that derive at least 75% of their gross income from sources that
constitute qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test, and (b) debt that is issued
by any partnership, to the extent of our interest as a partner in the partnership, are not
considered securities.
Debt will meet the straight debt safe harbor if (1) neither we, nor any of our controlled
taxable REIT subsidiaries (i.e., taxable REIT subsidiaries more than 50% of the vote or value of
the outstanding stock of which is directly or indirectly owned by us), own any securities not
described in the preceding paragraph that have an aggregate value greater than one percent of the
issuers outstanding securities, as calculated under the Code, (2) the debt is a written
- 49 -
unconditional promise to pay on demand or on a specified date a sum certain in money, (3) the
debt is not convertible, directly or indirectly, into stock, and (4) the interest rate and the
interest payment dates of the debt are not contingent on the profits, the borrowers discretion or
similar factors. However, contingencies regarding time of payment and interest are permissible for
purposes of qualifying as a straight debt security if either (1) such contingency does not have the
effect of changing the effective yield of maturity, as determined under the Code, other than a
change in the annual yield to maturity that does not exceed the greater of (i) 5% of the annual
yield to maturity or (ii) 0.25%, or (2) neither the aggregate issue price nor the aggregate face
amount of the issuers debt instruments held by the REIT exceeds $1,000,000 and not more than
12 months of unaccrued interest can be required to be prepaid thereunder. In addition, debt will
not be disqualified from being treated as straight debt solely because the time or amount of
payment is subject to a contingency upon a default or the exercise of a prepayment right by the
issuer of the debt, provided that such contingency is consistent with customary commercial
practice.
We believe that the aggregate value of our interests in our taxable REIT subsidiaries does not
exceed, and in the future will not exceed, 25% of the aggregate value of our gross assets (20% for
our taxable years prior to 2009). As of each relevant testing date prior to the election to treat
each corporate subsidiary of our company or any other corporation in which we own an interest as a
taxable REIT subsidiary, we believe we did not own more than 10% of the voting securities of any
such entity. In addition, we believe that as of each relevant testing date prior to the election
to treat each corporate subsidiary of our company or any other corporation in which we own an
interest as a taxable REIT subsidiary of PS Business Parks, our pro rata share of the value of the
securities, including debt, of any such corporation or other issuer did not exceed 5% of the total
value of our assets.
With respect to each issuer in which we currently own an interest that does not qualify as a
REIT, a qualified REIT subsidiary or a taxable REIT subsidiary, we believe that our pro rata share
of the value of the securities, including debt, of any such issuer does not exceed 5% of the total
value of our assets and that it complies with the 10% voting securities limitation and 10% value
limitation with respect to each such issuer. However, no independent appraisals have been obtained
to support these conclusions. In this regard, however, we cannot provide any assurance that the
IRS might not disagree with our determinations.
The asset tests must be satisfied not only on the last day of the calendar quarter in which
we, directly or through pass-through subsidiaries, acquire securities in the applicable issuer, but
also on the last day of the calendar quarter in which we increase our ownership of securities of
such issuer, including as a result of increasing our interest in pass-through subsidiaries. After
initially meeting the asset tests at the close of any quarter, we will not lose our status as a
REIT for failure to satisfy the 25%, 25% TRS (20% for our taxable years prior to 2009), or 5% asset
tests solely by reason of changes in the relative values of our assets. If failure to satisfy the
25%, 25% TRS (20% for our taxable years prior to 2009), or 5% asset tests results from an
acquisition of securities or other property during a quarter, we can cure this failure by disposing
of sufficient non-qualifying assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter. We intend to
maintain adequate records of the value of our assets to ensure compliance with the asset tests and
to take any available action within 30 days after the close of any quarter as may be required to
cure any noncompliance with the 25%, 25% TRS (20% for our taxable years prior to 2009) or 5% asset
tests. Although we plan to take steps to ensure that we satisfy such tests for any quarter with
- 50 -
respect to which testing is to occur, there can be no assurance that such steps will always be
successful. If we fail to timely cure any noncompliance with the asset tests, we would cease to
qualify as a REIT, unless we satisfy certain relief provisions described in the next paragraph.
Furthermore, for our 2005 and subsequent taxable years, the failure to satisfy the asset tests
can be remedied even after the 30-day cure period under certain circumstances. If the total value
of the assets that caused a failure of the 5% asset test, the 10% voting securities test or the 10%
value test does not exceed either 1% of our assets at the end of the relevant quarter or
$10,000,000, we can cure such a failure by disposing of sufficient assets to cure such a violation
within six months following the last day of the quarter in which we first identify the failure of
the asset test. For a violation of any of the asset tests not described in the prior sentence
(including the 75%, 25% and the 25% TRS (20% for our taxable years prior to 2009) asset tests), we
can avoid disqualification as a REIT if the violation is due to reasonable cause and we dispose of
an amount of assets sufficient to cure such violation within the six-month period described in the
preceding sentence. In such a case, we must also pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the
highest corporate tax rate multiplied by the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets
during the period of time that the assets were held as nonqualifying assets, and file in accordance
with applicable Treasury regulations a schedule with the IRS that describes the assets. The
applicable Treasury regulations are yet to be issued. Thus, it is not possible to state with
precision under what circumstances we would be entitled to the benefit of these provisions.
Annual Distribution Requirements Applicable to REITs. To qualify as a REIT, we are required
to distribute dividends, other than capital gain dividends, to our shareholders each year in an
amount at least equal to the sum of:
|
|
|
90% of our REIT taxable income, computed without regard to the dividends paid
deduction and our net capital gain; and |
|
|
|
|
90% of our after tax net income, if any, from foreclosure property; minus |
|
|
|
|
the excess of the sum of certain items of non-cash income over 5% of our REIT
taxable income. |
In addition, for purposes of this test, non-cash income means income attributable to leveled
stepped rents, original issue discount included in our taxable income without the receipt of a
corresponding payment, cancellation of indebtedness or a like-kind exchange that is later
determined to be taxable. We must pay these distributions in the taxable year to which they
relate, or in the following taxable year if they are declared during the last three months of the
taxable year, payable to shareholders of record on a specified date during such period and paid
during January of the following year. Such distributions are treated as paid by us and received by
our shareholders on December 31 of the year in which they are declared. In addition, at our
election, a distribution for a taxable year may be declared before we timely file our tax return
for such year and paid on or before the first regular dividend payment date after such declaration,
provided such payment is made during the twelve-month period following the close of such year.
These distributions are taxable to our shareholders, other than tax-exempt entities, in the year in
which paid. This is so even though these distributions relate to the prior year for purposes of
our 90% distribution requirement. The amount distributed must not be preferential i.e., every
shareholder of the class of shares with respect to which a distribution is made must be treated the
- 51 -
same as every other shareholder of that class, and no class of shares may be treated otherwise
than in accordance with its dividend rights as a class. To the extent that we do not distribute
all of our net capital gain or distribute at least 90%, but less than 100%, of our REIT taxable
income, as adjusted, we will be required to pay tax on that amount at regular corporate tax rates.
We intend to make timely distributions sufficient to satisfy our annual distribution
requirements. In this regard, the partnership agreement of the operating partnership authorizes
us, as general partner, to take steps as may be necessary to cause the operating partnership to
distribute to its partners an amount sufficient to permit the company to meet these distribution
requirements. Although we anticipate that our cash flow will permit us to make those
distributions, it is possible that, from time to time, we may not have sufficient cash or other
liquid assets to meet these distribution requirements. In this event, we may find it necessary to
arrange for shortterm, or possibly longterm, borrowings to fund required distributions or to pay
dividends in the form of taxable dividends of our shares.
Under some circumstances, we may be able to rectify an inadvertent failure to meet the
distribution requirement for a year by paying deficiency dividends to our shareholders in a later
year, which may be included in our deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year. Thus, we may
be able to avoid being taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends. However, we will be
required to pay interest to the IRS based upon the amount of any deduction claimed for deficiency
dividends.
Furthermore, we will be required to pay a 4% nondeductible excise tax to the extent we fail to
distribute during each calendar year, or in the case of distributions with declaration and record
dates falling in the last three months of the calendar year, by the end of January following such
calendar year, at least the sum of:
|
|
|
85% of our REIT ordinary income for such year; |
|
|
|
|
95% of our REIT capital gain net income for the year; and |
|
|
|
|
any undistributed taxable income from prior taxable years. |
Any REIT taxable income and net capital gain on which this excise tax is imposed for any year
is treated as an amount distributed during that year for purposes of calculating such tax and
excess distributions from the immediately preceding year may be carried over.
A REIT may elect to retain rather than distribute all or a portion of its net capital gains
and pay the tax on the gains. In that case, a REIT may elect to have its shareholders include
their proportionate share of the undistributed net capital gains in income as long-term capital
gains and receive a credit for their share of the tax paid by the REIT. For purposes of the 4%
excise tax described above, any retained amounts would be treated as having been distributed.
RecordKeeping Requirements. We are required to comply with applicable recordkeeping
requirements. Failure to comply could result in monetary fines.
Failure of PS Business Parks to Qualify as a REIT. If we fail to comply with one or more of
the conditions required for qualification as a REIT (other than asset tests and the income tests
that have the specific savings clauses discussed above in Taxation of PS Business Parks
- 52 -
as a REIT Asset Tests Applicable to REITs, and Taxation of PS Business Parks as a REIT
Income Tests Applicable to REITs), we can avoid termination of our REIT status by paying a penalty
of $50,000 for each such failure, provided that our noncompliance was due to reasonable cause and
not willful neglect. If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year and the
statutory relief provisions do not apply, we will be subject to tax, including any applicable
alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates.
Distributions to shareholders in any year in which we fail to qualify will not be deductible
by us, and we will not be required to distribute any amounts to our shareholders. As a result, our
failure to qualify as a REIT would significantly reduce the cash available for distribution by us
to our shareholders. In addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, all distributions to
shareholders will be taxable as dividends to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and
profits, whether or not attributable to capital gains earned by us. Non-corporate shareholders
currently would be taxed on these dividends at capital gains rates; corporate shareholders may be
eligible for the dividends received deduction with respect to such dividends. Unless entitled to
relief under specific statutory provisions, we will also be disqualified from taxation as a REIT
for the four taxable years following the year during which we lost our qualification. There can be
no assurance that we would be entitled to any statutory relief.
Taxation of U.S. Shareholders
As used in the remainder of this discussion, the term U.S. shareholder means a beneficial
owner of a PS Business Parks common share that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
|
|
|
a citizen or resident, as defined in Section 7701(b) of the Code, of the United
States; |
|
|
|
|
a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity treated as a
corporation or partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes that was created or
organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any State thereof or in the
District of Columbia unless, in the case of a partnership or limited liability company,
Treasury regulations provide otherwise; |
|
|
|
|
an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless
of its source; or |
|
|
|
|
in general, a trust whose administration is subject to the primary supervision of a
United States court and which has one or more U.S. persons who have the authority to
control all substantial decisions of the trust. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence,
to the extent provided in the Treasury regulations, certain trusts in existence on
August 20, 1996, and treated as United States persons prior to this date that elect to
continue to be treated as United States persons, shall also be considered
U.S. shareholders. |
If you hold our common shares and are not a U.S. shareholder, you are a
non-U.S. shareholder. If a partnership holds our common shares, the tax treatment of a partner
in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the
partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding our common shares, you should consult
- 53 -
your tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common
shares.
Distributions by PS Business ParksGeneral. As long as we qualify as a REIT, distributions
out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits that are not designated as capital gains
dividends or qualified dividend income will be taxable to our taxable U.S. shareholders as
ordinary income and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction in the case of
U.S. shareholders that are corporations. For purposes of determining whether distributions to
holders of common stock or equity stock are out of current or accumulated earnings and profits, our
earnings and profits will be allocated first to our outstanding preferred stock and then to our
outstanding common stock and equity stock.
To the extent that we make distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and
profits, these distributions will be treated first as a tax-free return of capital to each
U.S. shareholder. This treatment will reduce the adjusted tax basis that each U.S. shareholder has
in its shares for tax purposes by the amount of the distribution, but not below zero.
Distributions in excess of a U.S. shareholders adjusted tax basis in its shares will be taxable as
capital gains, provided that the shares have been held as a capital asset, and will be taxable as
long-term capital gain if the shares have been held for more than one year. Dividends we declare
in October, November, or December of any year and payable to a shareholder of record on a specified
date in any of these months shall be treated as both paid by us and received by the shareholder on
December 31 of that year, provided we actually pay the dividend on or before January 31 of the
following calendar year.
Capital Gain Distributions. We may elect to designate distributions of our net capital gain
as capital gain dividends. Distributions that we properly designate as capital gain dividends
will be taxable to our taxable U.S. shareholders as gain from the sale or disposition of a capital
asset to the extent that such gain does not exceed our actual net capital gain for the taxable
year. Designations made by us will only be effective to the extent that they comply with Revenue
Ruling 89-81, which requires that distributions made to different classes of shares be composed
proportionately of dividends of a particular type. If we designate any portion of a dividend as a
capital gain dividend, a U.S. shareholder will receive an IRS Form 1099-DIV indicating the amount
that will be taxable to the shareholder as capital gain. Corporate shareholders, however, may be
required to treat up to 20% of some capital gain dividends as ordinary income.
Instead of paying capital gain dividends, we may designate all or part of our net capital gain
as undistributed capital gain. We will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on any
undistributed capital gain. A U.S. shareholder will include in its income as long-term capital
gains its proportionate share of such undistributed capital gain and will be deemed to have paid
its proportionate share of the tax paid by us on such undistributed capital gain and receive a
credit or a refund to the extent that the tax paid by us exceeds the U.S. shareholders tax
liability on the undistributed capital gain. A U.S. shareholder will increase the basis in its
common shares by the difference between the amount of capital gain included in its income and the
amount of tax it is deemed to have paid. A U.S. shareholder that is a corporation will
appropriately adjust its earnings and profits for the retained capital gain in accordance with
Treasury regulations to be prescribed by the IRS. Our earnings and profits will be adjusted
appropriately.
- 54 -
We will classify portions of any designated capital gain dividend or undistributed capital
gain as either:
|
1. |
|
a 15% rate gain distribution, which would be taxable to non-corporate
U.S. shareholders at a maximum rate of 15%; or |
|
|
2. |
|
an unrecaptured Section 1250 gain distribution, which would be taxable to
non-corporate U.S. shareholders at a maximum rate of 25%. |
We must determine the maximum amounts that we may designate as 15% and 25% rate capital gain
dividends by performing the computation required by the Code as if the REIT were an individual
whose ordinary income were subject to a marginal tax rate of at least 28%.
Recipients of capital gain dividends from us that are taxed at corporate income tax rates will
be taxed at the normal corporate income tax rates on those dividends.
Qualified Dividend Income. With respect to shareholders who are taxed at the rates
applicable to individuals, we may elect to designate a portion of our distributions paid to
shareholders as qualified dividend income. A portion of a distribution that is properly
designated as qualified dividend income is taxable to non-corporate U.S. shareholders as capital
gain, provided that the shareholder has held the common shares with respect to which the
distribution is made for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date that is
60 days before the date on which such common shares become ex-dividend with respect to the relevant
distribution. The maximum amount of our distributions eligible to be designated as qualified
dividend income for a taxable year is equal to the sum of:
|
1. |
|
the qualified dividend income received by us during such taxable year from
non-REIT C corporations (including our corporate subsidiaries, other than qualified
REIT subsidiaries, and our taxable REIT subsidiaries); |
|
|
2. |
|
the excess of any undistributed REIT taxable income recognized during the
immediately preceding year over the federal income tax paid by us with respect to such
undistributed REIT taxable income; and |
|
|
3. |
|
the excess of any income recognized during the immediately preceding year
attributable to the sale of a built-in-gain asset that was acquired in a carry-over
basis transaction from a non-REIT C corporation over the federal income tax paid by
us with respect to such built-in gain. |
Generally, dividends that we receive will be treated as qualified dividend income for purposes
of 1 above if the dividends are received from a domestic corporation (other than a REIT or a
regulated investment company) or a qualified foreign corporation and specified holding period
requirements and other requirements are met. A foreign corporation (other than a passive foreign
investment company) will be a qualified foreign corporation if it is incorporated in a possession
of the United States, the corporation is eligible for benefits of an income tax treaty with the
United States that the Secretary of Treasury determines is satisfactory, or the stock of the
foreign corporation on which the dividend is paid is readily tradable on an established securities
market in the United States. We generally expect that an insignificant portion, if any, of our
distributions will consist of qualified dividend income. If we designate
- 55 -
any portion of a dividend as qualified dividend income, a U.S. shareholder will receive an IRS
Form 1099-DIV indicating the amount that will be taxable to the shareholder as qualified dividend
income.
Sunset of Reduced Tax Rate Provisions. The applicable provisions of the federal income tax
laws relating to the 15% rate of capital gain taxation and the applicability of capital gain rates
for designated qualified dividend income of REITs are currently scheduled to sunset or revert
back to provisions of prior law effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010.
Upon the sunset of the current provisions, all dividend income of REITs and non-REIT corporations
would be taxable at ordinary income rates and the maximum capital gain tax rate for gains other
than unrecaptured section 1250 gains would be increased (from 15% to 20%). The impact of this
reversion is not discussed herein. Consequently, shareholders should consult their tax advisors
regarding the effect of sunset provisions on an investment in common stock.
Other Tax Considerations. Distributions we make and gain arising from the sale or exchange
by a U.S. shareholder of our shares will not be treated as passive activity income. As a result,
U.S. shareholders generally will not be able to apply any passive losses against this income or
gain. Distributions we make, to the extent they do not constitute a return of capital, generally
will be treated as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation.
A U.S. shareholder may elect, depending on its particular situation, to treat capital gain
dividends, capital gains from the disposition of shares and income designated as qualified dividend
income as investment income for purposes of the investment interest limitation, in which case the
applicable capital gains will be taxed at ordinary income rates. We will notify shareholders
regarding the portions of our distributions for each year that constitute ordinary income, return
of capital and qualified dividend income. U.S. shareholders may not include in their individual
income tax returns any of our net operating losses or capital losses. Our operating or capital
losses would be carried over by us for potential offset against future income, subject to
applicable limitations.
Sales of Shares. If a U.S. shareholder sells or otherwise disposes of its shares in a
taxable transaction, it will recognize gain or loss for federal income tax purposes in an amount
equal to the difference between the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property
received on the sale or other disposition and the holders adjusted basis in the shares for tax
purposes. This gain or loss will be a capital gain or loss if the shares have been held by the
U.S. shareholder as a capital asset. The applicable tax rate will depend on the U.S. shareholders
holding period in the asset (generally, if an asset has been held for more than one year, such gain
or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss) and the U.S. shareholders tax bracket. A
U.S. shareholder who is an individual or an estate or trust and who has long-term capital gain or
loss will be subject to a maximum capital gain rate, which is currently 15%. The IRS has the
authority to prescribe, but has not yet prescribed, regulations that would apply a capital gain tax
rate of 25% (which is generally higher than the long-term capital gain tax rates for noncorporate
shareholders) to a portion of capital gain realized by a noncorporate shareholder on the sale of
REIT shares that would correspond to the REITs unrecaptured Section 1250 gain. In general, any
loss recognized by a U.S. shareholder upon the sale or other disposition of common shares that have
been held for six months or less, after applying the holding period rules, will be treated by such
U.S. shareholders as a long-term capital loss, to the extent of distributions received by the
U.S. shareholder from us that were required to be treated as long-term capital gains. Shareholders
are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the capital gain liability.
- 56 -
Taxation of TaxExempt Shareholders
Provided that a tax-exempt shareholder, except certain tax-exempt shareholders described
below, has not held its common shares as debt financed property within the meaning of the Code
and the shares are not otherwise used in its trade or business, the dividend income from us and
gain from the sale of our common shares will not be unrelated business taxable income, or UBTI, to
a tax-exempt shareholder. Generally, debt financed property is property, the acquisition or
holding of which was financed through a borrowing by the tax-exempt shareholder.
For tax-exempt shareholders that are social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations,
supplemental unemployment benefit trusts, or qualified group legal services plans exempt from
federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (c)(9), (c)(17) or (c)(20) of the Code,
respectively, or single parent title-holding corporations exempt under Section 501(c)(2) and whose
income is payable to any of the aforementioned tax-exempt organizations, income from an investment
in PS Business Parks will constitute unrelated business taxable income unless the organization is
able to properly claim a deduction for amounts set aside or placed in reserve for certain purposes
so as to offset the income generated by its investment in our shares. These prospective investors
should consult with their tax advisors concerning these set aside and reserve requirements.
Notwithstanding the above, however, a portion of the dividends paid by a pension-held REIT
are treated as UBTI if received by any trust which is described in Section 401(a) of the Code, is
tax-exempt under Section 501(a) of the Code and holds more than 10%, by value, of the interests in
the REIT. A pension-held REIT includes any REIT if:
|
|
|
at least one of such trusts holds more than 25%, by value, of the interests in the
REIT, or two or more of such trusts, each of which owns more than 10%, by value, of the
interests in the REIT, hold in the aggregate more than 50%, by value, of the interests
in the REIT; and |
|
|
|
|
it would not have qualified as a REIT but for the fact that Section 856(h)(3) of the
Code provides that shares owned by such trusts shall be treated, for purposes of the
not closely held requirement, as owned by the beneficiaries of the trust, rather than
by the trust itself. |
The percentage of any REIT dividend from a pension-held REIT that is treated as UBTI is
equal to the ratio of the UBTI earned by the REIT, treating the REIT as if it were a pension trust
and therefore subject to tax on UBTI, to the total gross income of the REIT. An exception applies
where the percentage is less than 5% for any year, in which case none of the dividends would be
treated as UBTI. The provisions requiring pension trusts to treat a portion of REIT distributions
as UBTI will not apply if the REIT is able to satisfy the not closely held requirement without
relying upon the look-through exception with respect to pension trusts. As a result of certain
limitations on the transfer and ownership of our shares contained in our organizational documents,
we do not expect to be classified as a pension-held REIT, and accordingly, the tax treatment
described above should be inapplicable to our tax-exempt shareholders.
- 57 -
U.S. Taxation of NonU.S. Shareholders
The following discussion addresses the rules governing U.S. federal income taxation of the
ownership and disposition of our common shares by non-U.S. shareholders. These rules are complex,
and no attempt is made herein to provide more than a brief summary of such rules. Accordingly, the
discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation and does not address state,
local or foreign tax consequences that may be relevant to a non-U.S. shareholder in light of its
particular circumstances.
Distributions by PS Business Parks. As described in the discussion below, distributions
paid by us with respect to our common shares will be treated for federal income tax purposes as
either:
|
|
|
ordinary income dividends; |
|
|
|
|
long-term capital gain; or |
|
|
|
|
return of capital distributions. |
This discussion assumes that our shares will continue to be considered regularly traded on an
established securities market for purposes of the FIRPTA provisions described below. If our
shares are no longer regularly traded on an established securities market, the tax considerations
described below would differ.
Ordinary Income Dividends. A distribution paid by us to a non-U.S. common shareholder will be
treated as an ordinary income dividend if the distribution is paid out of our current or
accumulated earnings and profits and:
|
|
|
the distribution is not attributable to our net capital gain; or |
|
|
|
|
the distribution is attributable to the sale of U.S. real property interests and
the non-U.S. common shareholder owns 5% or less of our common shares at all times
during the 1-year period ending on the date of the distribution. |
Ordinary dividends that are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the
non-U.S. shareholder will be subject to tax on a net basis (that is, after allowance for
deductions) at graduated rates in the same manner as U.S. shareholders (including any applicable
alternative minimum tax), except that a non-U.S. shareholder that is a corporation also may be
subject to a 30% branch profits tax.
Generally, we will withhold and remit to the IRS 30% of dividend distributions (including
distributions that may later be determined to have been made in excess of current and accumulated
earnings and profits) that could not be treated as capital gain distributions with respect to the
non-U.S. shareholder (and that are not deemed to be capital gain dividends for purposes of the
FIRPTA withholding rules described below) unless:
|
|
|
a lower treaty rate applies and the non-U.S. shareholder files an IRS Form W-8BEN
evidencing eligibility for that reduced treaty rate with us; or |
- 58 -
|
|
|
the non-U.S. shareholder files an IRS Form W-8ECI with us claiming that the
distribution is income effectively connected with the non-U.S. shareholders trade or
business. |
Return of Capital Distributions. A distribution in excess of our current and accumulated
earnings and profits will be taxable to a non-U.S. shareholder, if at all, as gain from the sale of
common shares to the extent that the distribution exceeds the non-U.S. shareholders basis in its
common shares. A distribution in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will
reduce the non-U.S. shareholders basis in its common shares and will not be subject to
U.S. federal income tax to the extent it reduces such non-U.S. shareholders basis in its common
shares.
We may be required to withhold at least 10% of any distribution in excess of our current and
accumulated earnings and profits, even if a lower treaty rate applies and the non-U.S. shareholder
is not liable for tax on the receipt of that distribution. However, the non-U.S. shareholder may
seek a refund of these amounts from the IRS if the non-U.S. shareholders U.S. tax liability with
respect to the distribution is less than the amount withheld.
Capital Gain Dividends. A distribution paid by us to a non-U.S. shareholder will be treated as
long-term capital gain if the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and
profits and:
|
|
|
the distribution is attributable to our net capital gain (other than from the sale
of U.S. real property interests) and we timely designate the distribution as a
capital gain dividend; or |
|
|
|
|
the distribution is attributable to the sale of U.S. real property interests and
the non-U.S. shareholder owns more than 5% of the value of the shares at any time
during the 1-year period ending on the date of the distribution. |
Due to recent amendments to the REIT taxation provisions in the Code, it is not entirely clear
whether designated capital gain dividends described in the first bullet point above (that is,
distributions attributable to sources other than the sale of U.S. real property interests) that
are paid to non-U.S. shareholders who own 5% or less of the value of the relevant class of shares
at all times during the 1-year period ending on the date of the distribution will be treated as
long-term capital gain to such non-U.S. shareholders. If we were to pay such a capital gain
dividend, non-U.S. shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the taxation of such
distribution. Long-term capital gain that a non-U.S. shareholder is deemed to receive from a
capital gain dividend that is not attributable to the sale of U.S. real property interests
generally will not be subject to U.S. tax in the hands of the non-U.S. shareholder unless:
|
|
|
the non-U.S. shareholders investment in our common shares is effectively connected
with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. shareholder, in which case the
non-U.S. shareholder will be subject to the same treatment as U.S. shareholders with
respect to any gain, except that a non-U.S. shareholder that is a corporation also may
be subject to the 30% branch profits tax; or |
- 59 -
|
|
|
the non-U.S. shareholder is a nonresident alien individual who is present in the
United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a tax home in the
United States in which case the nonresident alien individual will be subject to a 30%
tax on his capital gains. |
Under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act, referred to as FIRPTA, distributions
that are attributable to net capital gain from the sales by us of U.S. real property interests and
paid to a non-U.S. shareholder that owns more than 5% of the value of common shares at any time
during the 1-year period ending on the date of the distribution will be subject to U.S. tax as
income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. The FIRPTA tax will apply to these
distributions whether or not the distribution is designated as a capital gain dividend.
Any distribution paid by us that is treated as a capital gain dividend or that could be
treated as a capital gain dividend with respect to a particular non-U.S. shareholder that owns more
than 5% of the value of common shares at any time during the 1-year period ending on the date of
the distribution will be subject to special withholding rules under FIRPTA. We will be required to
withhold and remit to the IRS 35% of any distribution that could be treated as a capital gain
dividend with respect to the non-U.S. shareholder, whether or not the distribution is attributable
to the sale by us of U.S. real property interests. The amount withheld is creditable against the
non-U.S. shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability or refundable when the non-U.S.
shareholder properly and timely files a tax return with the IRS.
Undistributed Capital Gain. Although the law is not entirely clear on the matter, it appears
that amounts designated by us as undistributed capital gains in respect of our shares held by
non-U.S. shareholders generally should be treated in the same manner as actual distributions by us
of capital gain dividends. Under that approach, the non-U.S. shareholder would be able to offset as
a credit against their U.S. federal income tax liability resulting therefrom their proportionate
share of the tax paid by us on the undistributed capital gains treated as long-term capital gain to
the non-U.S. shareholder, and generally to receive from the IRS a refund to the extent their
proportionate share of the tax paid by us were to exceed the non-U.S. shareholders actual
U.S. federal income tax liability on such long-term capital gain. If we were to designate any
portion of our net capital gain as undistributed capital gain, a non-U.S. shareholder should
consult its tax advisor regarding the taxation of such undistributed capital gain.
Sale of Common Shares. Gain recognized by a non-U.S. shareholder upon the sale or exchange
of our common shares generally would not be subject to U.S. taxation unless:
|
1. |
|
the investment in our common shares is effectively connected with the non-U.S.
shareholders United States trade or business, in which case the non-U.S. shareholder
will be subject to the same treatment as domestic shareholders with respect to any
gain, except that a non-U.S. shareholder that is a corporation also may be subject to a
30% branch profits tax; |
|
|
2. |
|
the non-U.S. shareholder is a nonresident alien individual who is present in
the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a tax home in
the United States, in which case the nonresident alien individual will be subject to a |
- 60 -
|
|
|
30% tax on the individuals net capital gains from United States sources for the taxable
year; or |
|
|
3. |
|
our common shares constitute a U.S. real property interest within the meaning
of FIRPTA, as described below. |
Our common shares will not constitute a U.S. real property interest if we are a domestically
controlled REIT. We will be a domestically controlled REIT if, at all times during a specified
testing period, less than 50% in value of our common shares is held directly or indirectly by
non-U.S. shareholders.
We believe that we will be a domestically controlled REIT and, therefore, that the sale of our
common shares by a non-U.S. shareholder would not be subject to taxation under FIRPTA. Because our
common shares are publicly traded, however, we cannot guarantee that we are or will continue to be
a domestically controlled REIT.
Even if we do not qualify as a domestically controlled REIT at the time a non-U.S. shareholder
sells our common shares, gain arising from the sale still would not be subject to FIRPTA tax if:
|
1. |
|
the class or series of shares sold is considered regularly traded under
applicable Treasury regulations on an established securities market, such as the New
York Stock Exchange; and |
|
|
2. |
|
the selling non-U.S. shareholder owned, actually or constructively, 5% or less
in value of the outstanding class or series of shares being sold throughout the shorter
of the period during which the non-U.S. shareholders held such class or series of
shares or the five-year period ending on the date of the sale or exchange. |
If gain on the sale or exchange of our common shares by a non-U.S. shareholder were subject to
taxation under FIRPTA, the non-U.S. shareholder would be subject to regular U.S. federal income tax
with respect to any gain on a net basis in the same manner as a taxable U.S. shareholder, subject
to any applicable alternative minimum tax and special alternative minimum tax in the case of
nonresident alien individuals. In addition, the transferee of such stock may, in certain
circumstances, be required to withhold at least 10% of the proceeds of any such sale or exchange.
However, the non-U.S. shareholder may seek a refund of these amounts from the IRS if the non-U.S.
shareholders U.S. tax liability with respect to the distribution is less than the amount withheld.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding Tax Applicable to Shareholders
U.S. Shareholders. In general, information-reporting requirements will apply to payments of
distributions on our common shares and payments of the proceeds of the sale of our common shares to
some U.S. shareholders, unless an exception applies. Further, the payer will be required to
withhold backup withholding tax on such payments at the rate of 28% if:
|
1. |
|
the payee fails to furnish a taxpayer identification number, or TIN, to the
payer or to establish an exemption from backup withholding; |
- 61 -
|
2. |
|
the IRS notifies the payer that the TIN furnished by the payee is incorrect; |
|
|
3. |
|
there has been a notified payee under-reporting with respect to interest,
dividends or original issue discount described in Section 3406(c) of the Code; or |
|
|
4. |
|
there has been a failure of the payee to certify under the penalty of perjury
that the payee is not subject to backup withholding under the Code. |
Some shareholders, including corporations, may be exempt from backup withholding. Any amounts
withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a shareholder will be allowed as a
credit against the shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the shareholder
to a refund, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS.
NonU.S. Shareholders. Generally, information reporting will apply to payments of
distributions on our common shares, and backup withholding described above for a U.S. shareholder
will apply, unless the payee certifies that it is not a U.S. person or otherwise establishes an
exemption.
The payment of the proceeds from the disposition of our common shares to or through the United
States office of a United States or foreign broker will be subject to information reporting and,
possibly, backup withholding as described above for U.S. shareholders, or the withholding tax for
non-U.S. shareholders, as applicable, unless the non-U.S. shareholder certifies as to its
non-U.S. status or otherwise establishes an exemption, provided that the broker does not have
actual knowledge that the shareholder is a U.S. person or that the conditions of any other
exemption are not, in fact, satisfied. The proceeds of the disposition by a non-U.S. shareholder
of our common shares to or through a foreign office of a broker generally will not be subject to
information reporting or backup withholding. However, if the broker is a U.S. person, a controlled
foreign corporation for United States tax purposes, or a foreign person 50% or more of whose gross
income from all sources for specified periods is from activities that are effectively connected
with a U.S. trade or business, a foreign partnership 50% or more of whose interests are held by
partners who are U.S. persons, or a foreign partnership that is engaged in the conduct of a trade
or business in the United States, then information reporting generally will apply as though the
payment was made through a U.S. office of a United States or foreign broker unless the broker has
documentary evidence as to the non-U.S. shareholders foreign status and has no actual knowledge to
the contrary.
Applicable Treasury regulations provide presumptions regarding the status of shareholders when
payments to the shareholders cannot be reliably associated with appropriate documentation provided
to the payer. If a non-U.S. shareholder fails to comply with the information reporting
requirement, payments to such person may be subject to the full withholding tax even if such person
might have been eligible for a reduced rate of withholding or no withholding under an applicable
income tax treaty. Because the application of these Treasury regulations varies depending on the
shareholders particular circumstances, you are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the
information reporting requirements applicable to you.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts that we withhold under the backup
withholding rules will be refunded or credited against the non-U.S. shareholders federal income
tax liability if certain required information is furnished to the IRS. Non-U.S. shareholders
should consult with their tax advisors regarding application of backup
- 62 -
withholding in their particular circumstances and the availability of and procedure for
obtaining an exemption from backup withholding under current Treasury regulations.
Tax Aspects of Our Ownership of Interests in the Operating Partnership and Other Partnerships
General. Substantially all of our investments are held indirectly through the operating
partnership. In general, partnerships are pass-through entities that are not subject to federal
income tax at the partnership level. However, a partner is allocated its proportionate share of the
items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of a partnership, and is required to include
these items in calculating its tax liability, without regard to whether it receives a distribution
from the partnership. We include our proportionate share of these partnership items in our income
for purposes of the various REIT income tests and the computation of our REIT taxable income.
Moreover, for purposes of the REIT asset tests, we include our proportionate share of assets held
through the operating partnership. See Taxation of PS Business Parks as a REITOwnership of
Partnership Interests by a REIT above.
Entity Classification. We believe that the operating partnership and each of the
partnerships and limited liability companies in which we own an interest, directly or through
another partnership or limited liability company, will be treated as a partnership or disregarded
for federal income tax purposes and will not be taxable as a corporation. If any of these entities
were treated as a corporation, it would be subject to an entity level tax on its income and we
could fail to meet the REIT income and asset tests. See Taxation of PS Business Parks as a
REITAsset Tests Applicable to REITs and Taxation of PS Business Parks as a REITIncome Tests
Applicable to REITs above.
A partnership is a publicly traded partnership under Section 7704 of the Code if:
|
1. |
|
interests in the partnership are traded on an established securities market; or |
|
|
2. |
|
interests in the partnership are readily tradable on a secondary market or
the substantial equivalent of a secondary market. |
Under the relevant Treasury regulations, interests in a partnership will not be considered
readily tradable on a secondary market or on the substantial equivalent of a secondary market if
the partnership qualifies for specified safe harbors, which are based on the specific facts and
circumstances relating to the partnership.
The operating partnership currently takes the reporting position for federal income tax
purposes that it is not a publicly traded partnership. There is a significant risk, however, that
the right of a holder of the operating partnership units to redeem the operating partnership units
for common stock could cause the operating partnership units to be considered readily tradable on
the substantial equivalent of a secondary market. Moreover, if the operating partnership units
were considered to be tradable on the substantial equivalent of a secondary market, either now or
in the future, the operating partnership cannot provide any assurance that it would qualify for any
of the safe harbors mentioned above, or that, if it currently qualifies for a safe harbor, the
operating partnership will continue to qualify for any of the safe harbors in the future.
- 63 -
If the operating partnership is a publicly traded partnership, it will be taxed as a
corporation unless at least 90% of its gross income consists of qualifying income under Section
7704 of the Internal Revenue Code. Qualifying income is generally real property rents and other
types of passive income. We believe that the operating partnership will have sufficient qualifying
income so that it would be taxed as a partnership, even if it were a publicly traded partnership.
The income requirements applicable to our company in order for it to qualify as a REIT under the
Internal Revenue Code and the definition of qualifying income under the publicly traded partnership
rules are very similar. Although differences exist between these two income tests, we do not
believe that these differences would cause the operating partnership not to satisfy the 90% gross
income test applicable to publicly traded partnerships.
Allocations of Partnership Income, Gain, Loss, Deduction and Credit. A partnership agreement
will generally determine the allocation of income and loss among partners. However, those
allocations will be disregarded for tax purposes if they do not comply with the provisions of
Section 704(b) of the Code and the applicable Treasury regulations, which generally require that
partnership allocations respect the economic arrangement of the partners.
If an allocation is not recognized for federal income tax purposes, the item subject to the
allocation will be reallocated in accordance with the partners interests in the partnership, which
will be determined by taking into account all of the facts and circumstances relating to the
economic arrangement of the partners with respect to the item. The allocations of taxable income
and loss provided for in the partnership agreement of the operating partnership are intended to
comply with the requirements of Section 704(b) of the Code and the regulations promulgated
thereunder.
Tax Allocations with Respect to the Properties. Under Section 704(c) of the Code, income,
gain, loss, deduction and credit attributable to a property that is contributed to a partnership in
exchange for an interest in the partnership must be allocated in a manner such that the
contributing partner is charged with, or benefits from, as applicable, the difference between the
adjusted tax basis and the fair market value of property at the time of contribution. The
difference is known as the book-tax difference. Section 704(c) allocations are for federal income
tax purposes only and do not affect the book capital accounts or other economic or legal
arrangements among the partners. Under Treasury regulations promulgated under Section 704(c) of
the Code, similar rules apply when a partnership elects to revalue its assets in limited
situations, such as when a contribution of property is made to a partnership by a new partner.
The partnership agreement of the operating partnership requires that these allocations be made
in a manner consistent with Section 704(c) of the Code. Treasury regulations under Section 704(c)
of the Code provide partnerships with a choice of several methods of accounting for book-tax
differences, including retention of the traditional method or the election of alternative methods
which would permit any distortions caused by a book-tax difference to be entirely rectified on an
annual basis or with respect to a specific taxable transaction such as a sale. We and the
operating partnership generally have used the traditional method of accounting for book-tax
differences with respect to the properties initially contributed to the operating partnership in
its formation or subsequently acquired by merger or contribution. However, the operating
partnership may use an alternative method of accounting for book-tax differences with respect to
properties contributed to it or acquired by merger in the future.
- 64 -
In general, if any asset contributed to or revalued by the operating partnership is determined
to have a fair market value that is greater than its adjusted tax basis, partners who have
contributed those assets, including our company, will be allocated lower amounts of depreciation
deductions from those assets for tax purposes by the operating partnership and increased taxable
income and gain on sale. Thus, we may be allocated lower depreciation and other deductions, and
possibly greater amounts of taxable income in the event of a sale of contributed assets. These
amounts may be in excess of the economic or book income allocated to us as a result of the sale.
In this regard, it should be noted that, as the general partner of the operating partnership, we
will determine, taking into account the tax consequences to us, when and whether to sell any given
property. See Taxation of PS Business Parks as a REITAnnual Distribution Requirements
Applicable to REITs.
We will be allocated our share of the operating partnerships taxable income or loss for each
year regardless of the amount of cash that may be distributed to us by the operating partnership.
As a result, we could be allocated taxable income for a year in excess of the amount of cash
distributed to us. This excess taxable income is sometimes referred to as phantom income.
Because we rely on cash distributions from the operating partnership to meet our REIT distribution
requirements, which are specified percentages of our REIT taxable income, the recognition of this
phantom income might adversely affect our ability to comply with those requirements.
Other Tax Consequences for PS Business Parks and Our Shareholders
We may be required to pay tax in various state or local jurisdictions, including those in
which we transact business, and our shareholders may be required to pay tax in various state or
local jurisdictions, including those in which they reside. Our state and local tax treatment may
not conform to the federal income tax consequences discussed above. In addition, a shareholders
state and local tax treatment may not conform to the federal income tax consequences discussed
above. Consequently, prospective investors should consult with their tax advisors regarding the
effect of state and local tax laws on an investment in our common shares.
A portion of our income is earned through our taxable REIT subsidiaries. The taxable REIT
subsidiaries are subject to federal, state and local income tax at the full applicable corporate
rates. In addition, a taxable REIT subsidiary will be limited in its ability to deduct interest
payments in excess of a certain amount made directly or indirectly to us. To the extent that our
company and our taxable REIT subsidiaries are required to pay federal, state or local taxes, we
will have less cash available for distribution to shareholders.
Tax Shelter Reporting
If a holder recognizes a loss as a result of a transaction with respect to our shares of at
least (i) for a holder that is an individual, S corporation, trust or a partnership with at least
one noncorporate partner, $2 million or more in a single taxable year or $4 million or more in a
combination of taxable years, or (ii) for a holder that is either a corporation or a partnership
with only corporate partners, $10 million or more in a single taxable year or $20 million or more
in a combination of taxable years, such holder may be required to file a disclosure statement with
the IRS on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases exempt from
this reporting requirement, but shareholders of a REIT currently are not excepted. The fact that a
- 65 -
loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether
the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to
determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the securities to one or more underwriters for public offering and sale by them or
may sell the securities to investors directly or through agents. Any such underwriter or agent
involved in the offer and sale of the securities will be named in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Direct sales to investors may be accomplished through subscription offerings or through
shareholder purchase rights distributed to shareholders. In connection with subscription offerings
or the distribution of shareholder purchase rights to shareholders, if all of the underlying
securities are not subscribed for, we may sell such unsubscribed securities to third parties
directly or through underwriters or agents and, in addition, whether or not all of the underlying
securities are subscribed for, we may concurrently offer additional securities to third parties
directly or through underwriters or agents. Any such underwriter or agent involved in the offer
and sale of the securities will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement. If securities
are to be sold through shareholder purchase rights, such shareholder purchase rights will be
distributed as a dividend to the shareholders for which they will pay no separate consideration.
The prospectus supplement with respect to the offer of securities pursuant to shareholder purchase
rights will set forth the relevant terms of the shareholder purchase rights, including (i) whether
common stock or common stock warrants, or both, will be offered pursuant to the shareholder
purchase rights and the number of shares of common stock and common stock warrants, as applicable,
which will be offered pursuant to the shareholder purchase rights, (ii) the period during which and
the price at which the shareholder purchase rights will be exercisable, (iii) the number of
shareholder purchase rights then outstanding, (iv) any provisions for changes to or adjustments in
the exercise price of the shareholder purchase rights and (v) any other material terms of the
shareholder purchase rights.
Underwriters may offer and sell the securities at a fixed price or prices, which may be
changed, at prices related to the prevailing market prices at the time of sale or at negotiated
prices. We also may, from time to time, authorize underwriters acting as our agents to offer and
sell the securities upon the terms and conditions as are set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement. In connection with the sale of securities, underwriters may be deemed to have received
compensation from us in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions and may also receive
commissions from purchasers of securities for whom they may act as agent. Underwriters may sell
securities to or through dealers, and such dealers may receive compensation in the form of
discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers
for whom they may act as agent.
Any underwriting compensation paid by us to underwriters or agents in connection with the
offering of securities, and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to
participating dealers, will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Underwriters,
dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be
underwriters, and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized
- 66 -
by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions
under the Securities Act. Underwriters, dealers and agents may be entitled, under agreements
entered into with us, to indemnification against and contribution toward certain civil liabilities,
including liabilities under the Securities Act.
Securities may also be offered and sold, if so indicated in the applicable prospectus
supplement, in connection with a remarketing upon their purchase, in accordance with a redemption
or repayment pursuant to their terms, or otherwise, by one or more firms, referred to as
remarketing firms, acting as principals for their own accounts or as our agents. Any remarketing
firm will be identified and the terms of its agreement, if any, with us and its compensation will
be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Remarketing firms may be deemed to be
underwriters in connection with the securities remarketed thereby. Remarketing firms may be
entitled under agreements which may be entered into with us to indemnification by us against
certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and may be customers of,
engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business.
If so indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize dealers acting as
our agents to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase securities at the offering price
set forth in such prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for
payment and delivery on the date or dates stated in such prospectus supplement. Each contract will
be for an amount not less than, and the aggregate principal amount of securities sold pursuant to
contracts shall be not less nor more than, the respective amounts stated in the applicable
prospectus supplement. Institutions with whom contracts, when authorized, may be made include
commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational
and charitable institutions, and other institutions but will in all cases be subject to our
approval. Contracts will not be subject to any conditions except (i) the purchase by an
institution of the securities covered by its contracts will not at the time of delivery be
prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction in the United States to which such institution is
subject, and (ii) if the securities are being sold to underwriters, we will have sold to such
underwriters the total principal amount of the securities less the principal amount thereof covered
by contracts. Agents and underwriters will have no responsibility in respect of the delivery or
performance of contracts.
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, each class or series of
securities will be a new issue with no established trading market, other than our common stock,
which is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. We may elect to list any other class or series of
securities on any exchange, but we are not currently obligated to do so. It is possible that one
or more underwriters may make a market in a class or series of securities, but the underwriters
will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice.
We cannot give any assurance as to the liquidity of the trading market for any of the securities.
Any underwriter may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions
and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act. Over-allotment
involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing
transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not
exceed a specified maximum. Short-covering transactions involve purchases of the securities in the
open market after the distribution is completed to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the
underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by
the dealer are purchased in a covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may
cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the
underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time.
Certain of the underwriters, if any, and their affiliates may be customers of, engage in
transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of business.
- 67 -
LEGAL OPINIONS
Stephanie Heim, our vice president and counsel, has delivered an opinion to the effect that
the securities offered by this prospectus will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
Hogan & Hartson L.L.P., Washington, D.C., has delivered an opinion as to our status as a REIT. See
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.
EXPERTS
Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated
financial statements and schedule included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended by a Form
10-K/A dated June 17, 2009 for the year ended December 31, 2008, and the effectiveness of our
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, as set forth in their reports,
which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement.
Such financial statements and schedule are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young
LLPs reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
- 68 -
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
The estimated expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, in connection with
the offerings of the Securities, are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Registration Fee Securities and Exchange Commission |
|
$ |
30,690 |
|
Transfer Agent, Depositary and Trustee Fees |
|
$ |
150,000 |
|
Rating Agency Fees |
|
$ |
250,000 |
|
Printing and Engraving Expenses |
|
$ |
200,000 |
|
Legal Fees and Expenses |
|
$ |
150,000 |
|
Accounting Fees and Expenses |
|
$ |
150,000 |
|
Miscellaneous |
|
$ |
20,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
950,690 |
|
|
|
|
|
Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Subject to certain exceptions, under California law, a corporation has the power to indemnify
agents (as defined in Section 317 of the California Corporations Code) of the corporation against
expenses and other amounts incurred in connection with certain legal proceedings if the agents
acted in good faith. The Registrants directors and officers are considered agents of the
Registrant for this purpose.
Article V of the Registrants Articles of Incorporation provides that the liability of
directors for monetary damages shall be eliminated to the fullest extent permissible under
California law. Article VI of the Articles of Incorporation provides that the Registrant is
authorized to provide indemnification of agents through bylaw provisions, agreements with agents,
vote of shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, in excess of the indemnification
otherwise permitted by Section 317 of the California Corporations Code, subject only to the
applicable limits set forth in Section 204 of the California Corporations Code with respect to
actions for breach of duty to the corporation and its shareholders. See Articles V and VI of the
Articles of Incorporation (Exhibit 3.1), which are incorporated herein by this reference.
Article VII of the Registrants Bylaws provides that the Registrant shall indemnify each of
its agents to the maximum extent permitted by the California General Corporation Law, as the same
exists on the date of adoption of this Article VII or may hereafter be amended or interpreted (but
in the case of any such amendment or interpretation, only to the extent that such amendment or
interpretation permits the corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than were
permitted prior to such amendment or interpretation), against expenses, judgments, fines,
settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any proceeding
arising by reason of the fact any such person is or was an agent of the corporation. Article VII
also permits the Registrant to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any agent of the
Registrant against any liability asserted against or incurred by the agent in such capacity or
arising out of the agents status as such whether or not the Registrant would have the obligation
to indemnify the agent against that liability under the provisions of the Article VII. See Article
VII of the Bylaws (Exhibit 3.24), which is incorporated herein by this reference.
The Registrant maintains liability insurance on behalf of its agents.
II - 1
The Registrant has also entered into indemnity agreements with its management and
non-management directors and executive officers. The agreements permit the Registrant to indemnify
directors and executive officers to the maximum extent permitted under California law and prohibit
the Registrant from terminating its indemnification obligations as to acts or omissions of any
director or executive officer occurring before the termination. The indemnification and
limitations on liability permitted by the Articles of Incorporation and the agreements are subject
to the limitations set forth by California law. The Registrant believes the indemnification
agreements will assist it in attracting and retaining qualified individuals to serve as directors
and executive officers of the Registrant.
Item 16. Exhibits
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement.(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
Restated Articles of Incorporation. Filed with Registrants Registration
Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-78627) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.75% Series C Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1999 (SEC File
No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.875% Series X Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1999 (SEC File
No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
|
Amendment to Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.875% Series X
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
1999 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.5 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.875% Series Y Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000 (SEC File No.
001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 9.50% Series D Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 7, 2001 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and
incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
Amendment to Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 9.50% Series D
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
2001 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 91/4% Series E Cumulative Redeemable
Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2001 (SEC File No.
001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.9 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.75% Series F Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 18, 2002 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and
incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.10 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.95% Series G Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 and incorporated
herein by reference. |
II - 2
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.11 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.00% Series H Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 16, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.12 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 6.875% Series I Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 31, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.13 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.50% Series J Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004 and
incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.14 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.950% Series K Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 24, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.15 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.60% Series L Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 23, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.16 |
|
|
Certificate of Correction of Certificate of Determination of Preferences for the
7.00% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series H of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 18, 2004 and incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.17 |
|
|
Amendment to Certificate of Determination of Preferences for the 7.00% Cumulative
Preferred Stock, Series H of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 18, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.18 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.20% Cumulative Preferred Stock,
Series M of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants Current Report on
Form 8-K dated April 29, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.19 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 71/8% Series N Cumulative Redeemable
Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants Current Report
on Form 8-K dated December 16, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.20 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.375% Series O Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.21 |
|
|
Certificate of Correction of Certificate of Determination of Preferences of
7.375% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series O of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 10, 2006 and incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.22 |
|
|
Amendment to Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.375% Series O
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 10, 2006 and incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.23 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 6.70% Series P Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 9, 2007 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.24 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 6.55% Series Q Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 16, 2007 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
II - 3
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.25 |
|
|
Restated Bylaws. Filed with Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended March 31, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
Form of Senior Indenture. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
|
Form of Senior Note. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
Form of Subordinated Indenture. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
Form of Subordinated Note. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.5 |
|
|
Form of Certificate of Determination for additional series of Preferred Stock. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.6 |
|
|
Specimen Stock Certificate for Preferred Stock. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.7 |
|
|
Form of Deposit Agreement. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.8 |
|
|
Form of Certificate of Determination for additional series of Equity Stock. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
Specimen Stock Certificate for Equity Stock. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.10 |
|
|
Form of Warrant Agreement. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.11 |
|
|
Form of Unit Agreement. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.1 |
|
|
Opinion of Stephanie Heim as to the legality of the securities being registered.
Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.1 |
|
|
Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. regarding tax matters. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.1 |
|
|
Statement re: computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
23.1 |
|
|
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
23.2 |
|
|
Consent of Stephanie Heim (included in Exhibit 5.1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
23.3 |
|
|
Consent of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. (included in exhibit 8.1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
24.1 |
|
|
Power of Attorney. (see page II-7 of this Registration Statement) |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
To be filed by amendment or incorporated by reference in connection with the offering of
Securities. |
Item 17. Undertakings.
(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
|
(1) |
|
To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a
post-effective amendment to this registration statement; |
|
(i) |
|
To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the
Securities Act of 1933; |
|
|
(ii) |
|
To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after
the effective date of this registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate,
represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in this
registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease
in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities
offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the
low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the
form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the
aggregate, the changes in volume |
II - 4
|
|
|
and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate
offering price set forth in the Calculation of Registration Fee table in
the effective registration statement; |
|
|
(iii) |
|
To include any material information with respect to the plan
of distribution not previously disclosed in this registration statement or any
material change to such information in this registration statement; |
|
|
|
provided, however, that subparagraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) of this section do not
apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by
those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission
by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is
contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the
registration statement. |
|
|
(2) |
|
That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act,
each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement
relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that
time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
|
|
(3) |
|
To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the
Securities being registered which remains unsold at the termination of the offering. |
|
|
(4) |
|
That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933
to any purchaser: |
(A) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be
deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus
was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or
(b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an
offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of
providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933
shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the
earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the
date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the
prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any
person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new
effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the
registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such
securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering
thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or
prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document
incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or
prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a
time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any
statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of
the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such
effective date.
|
(5) |
|
That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the
Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities,
the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the
undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the
underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are
offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the
undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to
offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: |
II - 5
|
(i) |
|
Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned
registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
|
|
(ii) |
|
Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared
by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the
undersigned registrant; |
|
|
(iii) |
|
The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to
the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant
or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and |
|
|
(iv) |
|
Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made
by the registrant to the purchaser. |
(b) The undersigned registrant hereby further undertakes that, for purposes of determining any
liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrants annual report pursuant to
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee
benefit plans annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by
reference in the Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating
to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed
to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be
permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the
foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the
Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in
the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by
a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any
action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in
connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its
counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed
in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
(d) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of
determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust
Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under
Section 305(b)(2) of the Act.
II - 6
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it
has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and
has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Glendale, State of California, on the 19th day of June,
2009.
|
|
|
|
|
|
PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC.
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Joseph D. Russell, Jr.
|
|
|
|
Joseph D. Russell, Jr. |
|
|
|
President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
We, the undersigned officers and directors of PS Business Parks, Inc., hereby severally
constitute and appoint Edward A. Stokx and Stephanie Heim and each of them singly, our true and
lawful attorneys with full power to any of them, and to each of them singly, to sign for us and in
our names in the capacities indicated below the Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed herewith
and any and all pre-effective and post-effective amendments to said Registration Statement and any
subsequent registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, and to file the same with all exhibits thereto, and the other documents in connection
therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and generally to do all such things in our
name and behalf in our capacities as officers and directors to enable PS Business Parks, Inc. to
comply with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all requirements of the
Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming our signatures as they may be
signed by our said attorneys, or any of them, to said Registration Statement and any and all
amendments thereto.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has
been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Ronald L. Havner, Jr.
Ronald L. Havner, Jr.
|
|
Chairman of the Board and Director
|
|
June 19, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Joseph D. Russell, Jr.
Joseph D. Russell, Jr.
|
|
President, Chief Executive
Officer and Director (principal
executive officer)
|
|
June 19, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Edward A. Stokx
Edward A. Stokx
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer and
principal accounting officer)
|
|
June 19, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jennifer H. Dunbar
Jennifer H. Dunbar
|
|
Director
|
|
June 19, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Arthur M. Friedman
Arthur M. Friedman
|
|
Director
|
|
June 19, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ James H. Kropp
James H. Kropp
|
|
Director
|
|
June 19, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Harvey Lenkin
Harvey Lenkin
|
|
Director
|
|
June 19, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ R. Wesley Burns
R. Wesley Burns
|
|
Director
|
|
June 19, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Michael V. McGee
Michael V. McGee
|
|
Director
|
|
June 19, 2009 |
II - 7
Exhibit Index
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement.(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
Restated Articles of Incorporation. Filed with Registrants Registration
Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-78627) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.75% Series C Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1999 (SEC File
No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.875% Series X Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1999 (SEC File
No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
|
Amendment to Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.875% Series X
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
1999 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.5 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.875% Series Y Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000 (SEC File No.
001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 9.50% Series D Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 7, 2001 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and
incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
Amendment to Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 9.50% Series D
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
2001 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 91/4% Series E Cumulative Redeemable
Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2001 (SEC File No.
001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.9 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 8.75% Series F Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 18, 2002 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and
incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.10 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.95% Series G Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 and incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.11 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.00% Series H Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 16, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.12 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 6.875% Series I Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 31, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
II - 8
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.13 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.50% Series J Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004 and
incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.14 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.950% Series K Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 24, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.15 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.60% Series L Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 23, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.16 |
|
|
Certificate of Correction of Certificate of Determination of Preferences for the
7.00% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series H of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 18, 2004 and incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.17 |
|
|
Amendment to Certificate of Determination of Preferences for the 7.00% Cumulative
Preferred Stock, Series H of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 18, 2004 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.18 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.20% Cumulative Preferred Stock,
Series M of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants Current Report on
Form 8-K dated April 29, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.19 |
|
|
Certificate
of Determination of Preferences of 71/8% Series N Cumulative Redeemable
Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants Current Report
on Form 8-K dated December 16, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.20 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.375% Series O Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.21 |
|
|
Certificate of Correction of Certificate of Determination of Preferences of
7.375% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series O of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 10, 2006 and incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.22 |
|
|
Amendment to Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 7.375% Series O
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with
Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 10, 2006 and incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.23 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 6.70% Series P Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 9, 2007 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.24 |
|
|
Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 6.55% Series Q Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrants
Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 16, 2007 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.25 |
|
|
Restated Bylaws. Filed with Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended March 31, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
Form of Senior Indenture. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
|
Form of Senior Note. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
Form of Subordinated Indenture. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
Form of Subordinated Note. Filed herewith. |
II - 9
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.5 |
|
|
Form of Certificate of Determination for additional series of Preferred Stock. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.6 |
|
|
Specimen Stock Certificate for Preferred Stock. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.7 |
|
|
Form of Deposit Agreement. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.8 |
|
|
Form of Certificate of Determination for additional series of Equity Stock. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
Specimen Stock Certificate for Equity Stock. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.10 |
|
|
Form of Warrant Agreement. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.11 |
|
|
Form of Unit Agreement. (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.1 |
|
|
Opinion of Stephanie Heim as to the legality of the securities being registered.
Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.1 |
|
|
Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. regarding tax matters. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.1 |
|
|
Statement re: computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
23.1 |
|
|
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP. Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
23.2 |
|
|
Consent of Stephanie Heim (included in Exhibit 5.1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
23.3 |
|
|
Consent of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. (included in exhibit 8.1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
24.1 |
|
|
Power of Attorney. (see page II-7 of this Registration Statement) |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
To be filed by amendment or incorporated by reference in connection with the offering of
Securities. |
II - 10