The information in this Preliminary Terms Supplement is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these Securities until the Final Terms Supplement, the Prospectus Supplement, the Product Supplement and the Prospectus (collectively, the "Offering Documents") are delivered in final form. The Offering Documents are not an offer to sell these Securities, and we are not soliciting offers to buy these Securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
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Subject to Completion |
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Dated October 25, 2018 PRELIMINARY TERMS SUPPLEMENT Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2) Registration Statement No. 333-204908 |
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Preliminary Terms SupplementUBS AG Trigger Return Optimization SecuritiesUBS AG $ Securities linked to the common stock of NVIDIA Corporation due on or about October 30, 2019 |
Indicative Terms |
Issuer |
UBS AG, London Branch |
Term |
Approximately 12 months. |
Underlying Asset |
The common stock of NVIDIA Corporation |
Trade Date |
October 25, 2018 (subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event, as described in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement). |
Settlement Date |
October 29, 2018 (subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event, as described in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement). |
Final Valuation Date |
October 25, 2019 (subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event, as described in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement). |
Maturity Date |
October 30, 2019 (subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event, as described in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement). |
Principal Amount |
$10 per Security. The Securities are offered at a minimum investment of 100 Securities at $10 per Security (representing a $1,000 investment) and integral multiples of $10 in excess thereof. |
Payment at Maturity (per Security) |
On the maturity date, if the underlying return is positive, UBS will pay you a cash payment for each Security you hold equal to $10 + ($10 x the lesser of (a) Underlying Return x Multiplier and (b) Maximum Gain); if the underlying return is zero or negative and the final level is equal to or greater than the trigger level, UBS will pay you a cash payment for each Security you hold equal to your principal amount; or if the underlying return is negative and the final level is less than the trigger level, UBS will pay you a cash payment for each Security you hold equal to $10 + ($10 x Underlying Return). Investors may be fully exposed to any decline in the level of the underlying asset from the trade date to the final valuation date. Specifically, if the final level is less than the trigger level, you will lose a percentage of your principal amount equal to the underlying return, and in extreme situations, you could lose all of your initial investment. |
Underlying Return |
The quotient, expressed as a percentage, of the following formula: ( Final Level - Initial Level ) / Initial Level |
Initial Level |
The closing level of the underlying asset on the trade date. The initial level is subject to adjustments in the case of antidilution and reorganization events, as described in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement. |
Final Level |
The closing level of the underlying asset on the final valuation date. The final level is subject to adjustments in the case of antidilution and reorganization events, as described in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement. |
Closing Level |
On any trading day, generally the last reported sale price (or, in the case of NASDAQ, the official closing price) of the underlying asset during the principal trading session on the principal national securities exchange on which it is listed for trading, as determined by the calculation agent. |
Multiplier |
5.00 |
Maximum Gain |
22.95% to 24.28%. The actual maximum gain will be set on the trade date. |
Trigger Level |
[], which is 75.00% of the initial level. The trigger level is subject to adjustments in the case of antidilution and reorganization events, as described in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement. |
CUSIP |
[] |
ISIN |
[] |
Valoren |
[] |
Tax Treatment |
There is no tax authority that specifically addresses the tax treatment of the Securities, and such tax treatment is uncertain as discussed further under “What are the Tax Consequences of the Securities?” and “Risks Related to Taxation Issues” in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement. UBS and you agree, in the absence of a statutory, regulatory, administrative or judicial ruling to the contrary, to characterize the Securities as a pre-paid derivative contract with respect to the underlying asset. Under this characterization you should generally recognize gain or loss upon the sale, redemption or maturity of your Securities. Such gain or loss should generally be long term capital gain or loss if you have held your Securities for more than one year (otherwise such gain or loss would be short-term capital gain or loss if held for one year or less). However, it is possible that the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) could assert that your holding period in respect of your Securities should end on the date on which the amount you are entitled to receive upon maturity of your Securities is determined, even though you will not receive any amounts from UBS in respect of your Securities prior to the maturity of your Securities. In such case, you may be treated as having a holding period in respect of your Securities prior to the maturity of your Securities, and such holding period may be treated as less than one year even if you receive cash upon the maturity of your Securities at a time that is more than one year after the beginning of your holding period. You are urged to read the section “Supplemental U.S. Tax Considerations” in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement. |
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Section 871(m). A 30% withholding tax (which may be reduced by an applicable income tax treaty) is imposed on certain “dividend equivalent payments” made to a non-U.S. holder with respect to a “specified equity-linked instrument” that references one or more dividend-paying U.S. equity securities. The withholding tax can apply even if the instrument does not provide for payments that reference dividends. Treasury regulations provide that the withholding tax applies to all dividend equivalent payments made on specified equity-linked instruments issued after 2016. However, on December 2, 2016, the IRS issued Notice 2016-76, which states that the Treasury Department and the IRS intend to amend the applicability dates of the Treasury regulations to provide that the withholding tax will apply to all dividend equivalent payments made on specified equity-linked instruments that have a delta of one (“delta one specified equity-linked instruments”) issued after 2016 and to all dividend equivalent payments made on all specified equity-linked instruments issued after 2017. We have determined that the Securities are not delta one specified equity-linked instruments and, therefore, will not be subject to withholding on dividend equivalent payments. However, it is possible that the Securities could be deemed to be reissued for tax purposes upon the occurrence of certain events affecting the Securities or the underlying asset, and following such occurrence the Securities could be treated as delta one specified equity-linked instruments that are subject to withholding on dividend equivalent payments. It is also possible that withholding tax or other Section 871(m) tax could apply to the Securities under these rules if a non-U.S. holder enters, or has entered, into certain other transactions in respect of the underlying asset or the Securities. Because of the uncertainty regarding the application of the 30% withholding tax on dividend equivalent payments to the Securities, non-U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisor regarding the potential application of Section 871(m) (including in the context of their other transactions in respect of the underlying asset or the Securities, if any) and the 30% withholding tax to an investment in the Securities. |
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For greater detail and possible alternative tax treatments please see the section entitled “What Are the Tax Consequences of the Securities?” on page 11 of the TROS prospectus supplement and the section entitled “Supplemental U.S. Tax Considerations” beginning on page PS-66 of the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement. |
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You are urged to consult your own tax advisor concerning the application of U.S. federal income tax laws to your particular situation, as well as any tax consequences of the purchase, beneficial ownership and disposition of the Securities arising under the laws of any state, local, non-U.S. or other taxing jurisdiction (including the jurisdiction of the underlying asset issuer).
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Notice to investors: the Securities are significantly riskier than conventional debt instruments. UBS is not necessarily obligated to repay the full amount of your initial investment at maturity, and the Securities may have the same downside market risk as an investment in the underlying asset. This market risk is in addition to the credit risk inherent in purchasing a debt obligation of UBS. You should not purchase the Securities if you do not understand or are not comfortable with the significant risks involved in investing in the Securities.
You should carefully consider the risks described under “Key Risks” beginning on page 4, under “Key Risks” beginning on page 4 of the TROS prospectus supplement and under “Risk Factors” beginning on page PS-25 of the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement before purchasing any Securities. Events relating to any of those risks, or other risks and uncertainties, could adversely affect the market value of, and the return on, your Securities. You may lose some or all of your initial investment in the Securities.
The estimated initial value based on an issuance size of approximately $100,000 of the Securities as of the trade date is expected to be between 93.58% and 96.08% of the issue price to the public for Securities linked to the common stock of NVIDIA Corporation. The range of the estimated initial value of the Securities was determined on the date of this preliminary terms supplement by reference to UBS’ internal pricing models, inclusive of the internal funding rate. For more information about secondary market offers and the estimated initial value of the Securities, see “Key Risks - Fair value considerations” and “Key Risks - Limited or no secondary market and secondary market price considerations” on pages 4 and 5 of this preliminary terms supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these Securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this preliminary terms supplement, or the previously delivered TROS prospectus supplement, the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement or the accompanying prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The Securities are not bank deposits and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency.
See “Additional Information about UBS and the Securities” on page 7. The Securities we are offering will have the terms set forth in the TROS prospectus supplement dated May 2, 2016 relating to the Securities, the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement, the accompanying prospectus and this preliminary terms supplement.
Offering of Securities |
Issue Price to Public |
Underwriting Discount |
Proceeds to UBS AG |
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Total |
Per Security |
Total |
Per Security |
Total |
Per Security |
NVIDIA Corporation |
$ |
100% |
$ |
2.00% |
$ |
98.00% |
UBS Financial Services Inc. |
UBS Investment Bank |
Additional Information About UBS and the Securities |
UBS has filed a registration statement (including a prospectus, as supplemented by a product supplement and a prospectus supplement for the Securities) with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, for the offering for which this preliminary terms supplement relates. Before you invest, you should read these documents and any other documents relating to the Securities that UBS has filed with the SEC for more complete information about UBS and this offering. You may obtain these documents for free from the SEC website at www.sec.gov. Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 0001114446. Alternatively, UBS will arrange to send you these documents if you so request by calling toll-free 1-877-387-2275.
You may access these documents on the SEC web site at www.sec.gov as follows:
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TROS Prospectus Supplement dated May 2, 2016: |
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http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1114446/000119312516571207/d352437d424b2.htm |
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Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement dated May 2, 2016: |
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http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1114446/000119312516570614/d104476d424b2.htm |
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Prospectus dated April 29, 2016: |
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http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1114446/000119312516569341/d161008d424b3.htm |
References to “UBS”, “we”, “our” and “us” refer only to UBS AG and not to its consolidated subsidiaries. In this document, “Trigger Return Optimization Securities” or the “Securities” refer to the Securities that are offered hereby. Also, references to the ”TROS prospectus supplement” mean the UBS prospectus supplement dated May 2, 2016, references to the ”Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement” mean the UBS product supplement, dated May 2, 2016, and references to “accompanying prospectus” mean the UBS prospectus, titled “Debt Securities and Warrants”, dated April 29, 2016.
UBS reserves the right to change the terms of, or reject any offer to purchase, the Securities prior to their issuance. In the event of any changes to the terms of the Securities, UBS will notify you and you will be asked to accept such changes in connection with your purchase. You may also choose to reject such changes in which case UBS may reject your offer to purchase.
Key Risks |
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An investment in the Securities involves significant risks. Some of the risks that apply to the Securities are summarized here and are comparable to the corresponding risks discussed in the “Key Risks” section of the TROS prospectus supplement, but we urge you to read the more detailed explanation of risks relating to the Securities generally in the “Risk Factors” section of the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement. We also urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisors before you invest in the Securities. |
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Risk of loss at maturity - The Securities differ from ordinary debt securities in that UBS will not necessarily repay the full principal amount of the Securities. UBS will only pay you the principal amount of your Securities at maturity if the final level of the underlying asset is equal to or greater than the trigger level. If the underlying return is negative and the final level is less than the trigger level, you will lose a percentage of your principal amount equal to the underlying return, and in extreme situations, you could lose all of your initial investment. |
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The stated payout from the issuer applies only if you hold your Securities to maturity - You should be willing to hold your Securities to maturity. If you are able to sell your Securities prior to maturity in the secondary market, you may have to sell them at a loss relative to your initial investment even if the level of the underlying asset is equal to or greater than the trigger level. |
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The multiplier applies only if you hold your Securities to maturity - You should be willing to hold your Securities to maturity. If you are able to sell your Securities prior to maturity in the secondary market, the price you receive will likely not reflect the full economic value of the multiplier, and the return you realize may be less than the return of the underlying asset times the multiplier even if such return is positive and does not exceed the maximum gain. You can receive the full benefit of the multiplier, subject to the maximum gain, from UBS only if you hold your Securities to maturity. |
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Your potential return on the Securities is limited to the maximum gain - The return potential of the Securities is limited to the maximum gain. Therefore, you will not benefit from any positive underlying return in excess of an amount that, when multiplied by the multiplier, exceeds the maximum gain and your return on the Securities may be less than a direct investment in the underlying asset. |
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No interest payments - UBS will not pay any interest with respect to the Securities. |
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Credit risk of UBS - The Securities are unsubordinated, unsecured debt obligations of UBS and are not, either directly or indirectly, an obligation of any third party. Any payment to be made on the Securities, including any repayment of principal at maturity, depends on the ability of UBS to satisfy its obligations as they come due. As a result, UBS’s actual and perceived creditworthiness may affect the market value of the Securities. If UBS were to default on its obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the terms of the Securities and you could lose all of your initial investment. |
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Single equity risk - The return on the Securities, which may be positive or negative, is directly linked to the performance of the underlying asset. The level of the underlying asset can rise or fall sharply due to factors specific to that underlying asset and the issuer of the underlying asset (the "underlying asset issuer"), such as equity price volatility, earnings, financial conditions, corporate, industry and regulatory developments, management changes and decisions and other events, as well as general market factors, such as general market volatility and levels, interest rates and economic and political conditions. You, as an investor in the Securities, should conduct your own investigation into the respective underlying asset issuer and the underlying asset for your Securities. For additional information regarding the underlying asset issuer, please see "Information about the Underlying Asset" and "NVIDIA Corporation" in this preliminary terms supplement and the respective underlying asset issuer's SEC filings referred to in these sections. We urge you to review financial and other information filed periodically by the underlying asset issuer with the SEC. |
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Fair value considerations. |
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The issue price you pay for the Securities will exceed their estimated initial value - The issue price you pay for the Securities will exceed their estimated initial value as of the trade date due to the inclusion in the issue price of the underwriting discount, hedging costs, issuance costs and projected profits. As of the close of the relevant markets on the trade date, we will determine the estimated initial value of the Securities by reference to our internal pricing models and it will be set forth in the final terms supplement. The pricing models used to determine the estimated initial value of the Securities incorporate certain variables, including the level and volatility of the underlying asset, the expected dividends of the underlying asset, prevailing interest rates, the term of the Securities and our internal funding rate. Our internal funding rate is typically lower than the rate we would pay to issue conventional fixed or floating rate debt securities of a similar term. The underwriting discount, hedging costs, issuance costs, projected profits and the difference in rates will reduce the economic value of the Securities to you. Due to these factors, the estimated initial value of the Securities as of the trade date will be less than the issue price you pay for the Securities. |
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The estimated initial value is a theoretical price; the actual price that you may be able to sell your Securities in any secondary market (if any) at any time after the trade date may differ from the estimated initial value - The value of your Securities at any time will vary based on many factors, including the factors described above and in “Single equity risk” above and is impossible to predict. Furthermore, the pricing models that we use are proprietary and rely in part on certain assumptions about future events, which may prove to be incorrect. As a result, after the trade date, if you attempt to sell the Securities in the secondary market, the actual value you would receive may differ, perhaps materially, from the estimated initial value of the Securities determined by reference to our internal pricing models. The estimated initial value of the Securities does not represent a minimum or maximum price at which we or any of our affiliates would be willing to purchase your Securities in any secondary market at any time. |
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Our actual profits may be greater or less than the differential between the estimated initial value and the issue price of the Securities as of the trade date - We may determine the economic terms of the Securities, as well as hedge our obligations, at least in part, prior to pricing the Securities on the trade date. In addition, there may be ongoing costs to us to maintain and/or adjust any hedges and such hedges are often imperfect. Therefore, our actual profits (or potentially, losses) in issuing the Securities cannot be determined as of the trade date and any such differential between the estimated initial value and the issue price of the Securities as of the trade date does not reflect our actual profits. Ultimately, our actual profits will be known only at the maturity of the Securities. |
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Limited or no secondary market and secondary market price considerations. |
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There may be little or no secondary market for the Securities - The Securities will not be listed or displayed on any securities exchange or any electronic communications network. There can be no assurance that a secondary market for the Securities will develop. UBS Securities LLC and its affiliates may make a market in each offering of the Securities, although they are not required to do so and may stop making a market at any time. If you are able to sell your Securities prior to maturity, you may have to sell them at a substantial loss. The estimated initial value of the Securities does not represent a minimum or maximum price at which we or any of our affiliates would be willing to purchase your Securities in any secondary market at any time. |
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The price at which UBS Securities LLC and its affiliates may offer to buy the Securities in the secondary market (if any) may be greater than UBS’ valuation of the Securities at that time, greater than any other secondary market prices provided by unaffiliated dealers (if any) and, depending on your broker, greater than the valuation provided on your customer account statements - For a limited period of time following the issuance of the Securities, UBS Securities LLC or its affiliates may offer to buy or sell such Securities at a price that exceeds (i) our valuation of the Securities at that time based on our internal pricing models, (ii) any secondary market prices provided by unaffiliated dealers (if any) and (iii) depending on your broker, the valuation provided on customer account statements. The price that UBS Securities LLC may initially offer to buy such Securities following issuance will exceed the valuations indicated by our internal pricing models due to the inclusion for a limited period of time of the aggregate value of the underwriting discount, hedging costs, issuance costs and theoretical projected trading profit. The portion of such amounts included in our price will decline to zero on a straight line basis over a period ending no later than the date specified under “Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest); Secondary Markets (if any).” Thereafter, if UBS Securities LLC or an affiliate makes secondary markets in the Securities, it will do so at prices that reflect our estimated value determined by reference to our internal pricing models at that time. The temporary positive differential relative to our internal pricing models arises from requests from and arrangements made by UBS Securities LLC with the selling agents of structured debt securities such as the Securities. As described above, UBS Securities LLC and its affiliates are not required to make a market for the Securities and may stop making a market at any time. The price at which UBS Securities LLC or an affiliate may make secondary markets at any time (if at all) will also reflect its then current bid-ask spread for similar sized trades of structured debt securities. UBS Financial Services Inc. and UBS Securities LLC reflect this temporary positive differential on their customer statements. Investors should inquire as to the valuation provided on customer account statements provided by unaffiliated dealers. |
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Price of Securities prior to maturity - The market price of the Securities will be influenced by many unpredictable and interrelated factors, including the level of the underlying asset; the volatility of the underlying asset; the dividend rate paid on the underlying asset; the time remaining to the maturity of the Securities; interest rates in the markets; geopolitical conditions and economic, financial, political, force majeure and regulatory or judicial events; the creditworthiness of UBS and the then current bid-ask spread for the Securities. |
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Impact of fees and the use of internal funding rates rather than secondary market credit spreads on secondary market prices - All other things being equal, the use of the internal funding rates described above under “- Fair value considerations” as well as the inclusion in the issue price of the underwriting discount, hedging costs, issuance costs and any projected profits are, subject to the temporary mitigating effect of UBS Securities LLC’s and its affiliates’ market making premium, expected to reduce the price at which you may be able to sell the Securities in any secondary market. |
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Owning the Securities is not the same as owning the underlying asset - The return on your Securities may not reflect the return you would realize if you actually owned the underlying asset. For instance, you will not benefit from any positive underlying return in excess of an amount that, when multiplied by the multiplier, exceeds the maximum gain. Furthermore, you will not receive or be entitled to receive any dividend payments or other distributions during the term of the Securities, and any such dividends or distributions will not be factored into the calculation of the payment at maturity on your Securities. In addition, as an owner of the Securities, you will not have voting rights or any other rights that a holder of the underlying asset may have. |
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No assurance that the investment view implicit in the Securities will be successful - It is impossible to predict whether and the extent to which the level of the underlying asset will rise or fall and there can be no assurance that the final level of the underlying asset will be equal to or greater than the trigger level. The level of the underlying asset will be influenced by complex and interrelated political, economic, financial and other factors that affect the underlying asset. You should be willing to accept the risks of owning equities in general and the underlying asset in particular, and to assume the risk of losing some or all of your initial investment. |
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The calculation agent can make antidilution and reorganization adjustments that affect the payment to you at maturity - For antidilution and reorganization events affecting the underlying asset, the calculation agent may make adjustments to the initial level, trigger level and/or the final level, as applicable and any other term of the Securities. However, the calculation agent will not make an adjustment in response to every corporate event that could affect the underlying asset. If an event occurs that does not require the calculation agent to make an adjustment, the value of the Securities and your payment at maturity may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, all determinations and calculations concerning any such adjustments will be made by the calculation agent. You should be aware that the calculation agent may make any such adjustment, determination or calculation in a manner that differs from that discussed in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement, the TROS prospectus supplement or this preliminary terms supplement as necessary to achieve an equitable result. Following certain reorganization events relating to the underlying asset issuer where such issuer is not the surviving entity, the amount of cash you receive at maturity may be based on the equity security of a successor to the respective underlying asset issuer in combination with any cash or any other assets distributed to holders of the underlying asset in such reorganization event. If the underlying asset issuer becomes subject to (i) a reorganization event whereby the underlying asset is exchanged solely for cash, (ii) a merger or consolidation with UBS or any of its affiliates, or (iii) the underlying asset is delisted or otherwise suspended from trading, the amount you receive at maturity may be based on a substitute security. The occurrence of any antidilution or reorganization event and the consequent adjustments may materially and adversely affect the value of the Securities and your payment at maturity, if any. For more information, see the sections “General Terms of the Securities - Antidilution Adjustments for Securities Linked to an Underlying Equity or Equity Basket Asset” and “-Reorganization Events for Securities Linked to an Underlying Equity or Equity Basket Asset” in the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement. |
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There is no affiliation between the underlying asset issuer and UBS, and UBS is not responsible for any disclosure by such issuer - We and our affiliates may currently, or from time to time in the future engage in business with the underlying asset issuer. However, we are not affiliated with the underlying asset issuer and are not responsible for such issuer's public disclosure of information, whether contained in SEC filings or otherwise. You, as an investor in the Securities, should conduct your own investigation into the underlying asset and the underlying asset issuer. The underlying asset issuer is not involved in the Securities offered hereby in any way and has no obligation of any sort with respect to your Securities. The underlying asset issuer has no obligation to take your interests into consideration for any reason, including when taking any corporate actions that might affect the value of your Securities. |
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Potential UBS impact on the market price of the underlying asset - Trading or transactions by UBS or its affiliates in the underlying asset, listed and/or over-the-counter options, futures or other instruments with returns linked to the performance of the underlying asset may adversely affect the market price of the underlying asset and, therefore, the market value of your Securities. |
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Potential conflict of interest - UBS and its affiliates may engage in business with the issuer of the underlying asset, which may present a conflict between the obligations of UBS and you, as a holder of the Securities. There are also potential conflicts of interest between you and the calculation agent, which will be an affiliate of UBS. The calculation agent will determine the underlying return and the payment at maturity based on the closing level of the underlying asset on the final valuation date. The calculation agent can postpone the determination of the initial level, trigger level and/or maximum gain on the trade date and the final level on the final valuation date, if a market disruption event occurs and is continuing on that day and may make adjustments to the initial level, trigger level, final level and the underlying asset itself for antidilution and reorganization events affecting the underlying asset. As UBS determines the economic terms of the Securities, including the maximum gain, trigger level and multiplier, and such terms include hedging costs, issuance costs and projected profits, the Securities represent a package of economic terms. There are other potential conflicts of interest insofar as an investor could potentially get better economic terms if that investor entered into exchange-traded and/or OTC derivatives or other instruments with third parties, assuming that such instruments were available and the investor had the ability to assemble and enter into such instruments. |
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Potentially inconsistent research, opinions or recommendations by UBS - UBS and its affiliates publish research from time to time on financial markets and other matters that may influence the value of the Securities, or express opinions or provide recommendations that are inconsistent with purchasing or holding the Securities. Any research, opinions or recommendations expressed by UBS or its affiliates may not be consistent with each other and may be modified from time to time without notice. Investors should make their own independent investigation of the merits of investing in the Securities and the underlying asset to which the Securities are linked. |
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The Securities are not bank deposits: An investment in the Securities carries risks which are very different from the risk profile of a bank deposit placed with UBS or its affiliates. The Securities have different yield and/or return, liquidity and risk profiles and would not benefit from any protection provided to deposits. |
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Under certain circumstances, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) has the power to take actions that may adversely affect the Securities - Pursuant to article 25 et seq. of the Swiss Banking Act, FINMA has broad statutory powers to take measures and actions in relation to UBS if it (i) is overindebted, (ii) has serious liquidity problems or (iii) fails to fulfill the applicable capital adequacy provisions after expiration of a deadline set by FINMA. If one of these prerequisites is met, the Swiss Banking Act grants significant discretion to FINMA to open restructuring proceedings or liquidation (bankruptcy) proceedings in respect of, and/or impose protective measures in relation to, UBS. In particular, a broad variety of protective measures may be imposed by FINMA, including a bank moratorium or a maturity postponement, which measures may be ordered by FINMA either on a stand-alone basis or in connection with restructuring or liquidation proceedings. In a restructuring proceeding, the resolution plan may, among other things, (a) provide for the transfer of UBS’s assets or a portion thereof, together with debts and other liabilities, and contracts of UBS, to another entity, (b) provide for the conversion of UBS’s debt and/or other obligations, including its obligations under the Securities, into equity, and/or (c) potentially provide for haircuts on obligations of UBS, including its obligations under the Securities. Although no precedent exists, if one or more measures under the revised regime were imposed, such measures may have a material adverse effect on the terms and market value of the Securities and/or the ability of UBS to make payments thereunder. |
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Dealer incentives - UBS and its affiliates act in various capacities with respect to the Securities. We and our affiliates may act as a principal, agent or dealer in connection with the sale of the Securities. Such affiliates, including the sales representatives, will derive compensation from the distribution of the Securities and such compensation may serve as an incentive to sell these Securities instead of other investments. We will pay total underwriting compensation in an amount equal to the underwriting discount indicated on the cover hereof per Security to any of our affiliates acting as agents or dealers in connection with the distribution of the Securities. Given that UBS Securities LLC and its affiliates temporarily maintain a market making premium, it may have the effect of discouraging UBS Securities LLC and its affiliates from recommending sale of your Securities in the secondary market. |
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Uncertain tax treatment - Significant aspects of the tax treatment of the Securities are uncertain. You should consult your tax advisor about your own tax situation. See ‘‘Supplemental U.S. Tax Considerations” beginning on page PS-66 of the Optimization & Performance Strategies product supplement. |
Information about the Underlying Asset |
All disclosures regarding the underlying asset are derived from publicly available information. UBS has not conducted any independent review or due diligence of any publicly available information with respect to the underlying asset. You should make your own investigation into the underlying asset. The underlying asset is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and/or the Investment Company Act of 1940, each as amended. Companies with securities registered with the SEC are required to file financial and other information specified by the SEC periodically. Information filed by the issuer of the underlying asset with the SEC can be reviewed electronically through a website maintained by the SEC. The address of the SEC’s website is http://www.sec.gov. Information filed with the SEC by the issuer of the underlying asset under the Exchange Act can be located by reference to its SEC file number provided below. In addition, information filed with the SEC can be inspected and copied at the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of this material can also be obtained from the Public Reference Section, at prescribed rates. Information from outside sources is not incorporated by reference in, and should not be considered part of, this preliminary terms supplement or any accompanying prospectus, product supplement or prospectus supplement. UBS has not conducted any independent review or due diligence of any publicly available information with respect to the underlying asset.
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NVIDIA Corporation |
According to publicly available information, NVIDIA Corporation ("NVIDIA") is engaged in visual computing. NVIDIA-branded products and services are visual computing platforms that address four markets: Gaming, Professional Visualization, Datacenter and Automotive. NVIDIA operates in two segments: Graphics Processing Unit ("GPU") and Tegra Processor. NVIDA integrates its GPUs into system-on-a-chip processors, which are used in tablets, online gaming and entertainment devices, autonomous robots, drones and cars, and analysts focused on aritificial intelligence, learning and big-data analysts and GRID for cloud-based visual computing users. The Tegra Processor processors integrate an entire computer onto a single chip and are primarily designed to enable its branded platforms: DRIVE and SHIELD. DRIVE automotive computers provide supercomputing capabilities to make driving safer and enable self-driving capabilities. SHIELD consists of a family of devices designed to harness the power of mobile-cloud to revolutionize gaming. Tegra is also sold to OEMs for devices. Information filed by NVIDIA with the SEC can be located by reference to its SEC file number: 000-23985, or its CIK Code: 0001045810. NVIDIA's website is nvidia.com. NVIDIA's common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the ticker symbol "NVDA."
Information from outside sources is not incorporated by reference in, and should not be considered part of, this preliminary terms supplement or any prospectus supplement, product supplement or accompanying prospectus. UBS has not conducted any independent review or due diligence of any publicly available information with respect to the underlying asset.
Historical Information
The following table sets forth the quarterly high and low closing levels for NVIDIA's common stock, based on daily closing levels on the primary exchange for NVIDIA. We obtained the closing level information set forth below from the Bloomberg Professional® service (“Bloomberg”) without independent verification. The closing levels may be adjusted by Bloomberg for corporate actions such as stock splits, public offerings, mergers and acquisitions, spin-offs, extraordinary dividends, delistings and bankruptcy. UBS has not undertaken an independent review or due diligence of any publicly available information obtained from Bloomberg. The closing level of NVIDIA on October 24, 2018 was $199.41. The actual initial level will be the closing level of NVIDIA's common stock on the trade date. The historical performance of the underlying asset should not be taken as indication of the future performance of the underlying asset during the term of the Securities.
Quarter Begin |
Quarter End |
Quarterly High |
Quarterly Low |
Quarterly Close |
01/02/2014 |
03/31/2014 |
$18.88 |
$15.36 |
$17.91 |
04/01/2014 |
06/30/2014 |
$19.61 |
$17.98 |
$18.54 |
07/01/2014 |
09/30/2014 |
$20.03 |
$17.46 |
$18.45 |
10/01/2014 |
12/31/2014 |
$21.14 |
$16.78 |
$20.05 |
01/02/2015 |
03/31/2015 |
$23.47 |
$19.14 |
$20.92 |
04/01/2015 |
06/30/2015 |
$22.76 |
$20.11 |
$20.11 |
07/01/2015 |
09/30/2015 |
$24.65 |
$19.31 |
$24.65 |
10/01/2015 |
12/31/2015 |
$33.75 |
$24.17 |
$32.96 |
01/04/2016 |
03/31/2016 |
$35.76 |
$25.22 |
$35.63 |
04/01/2016 |
06/30/2016 |
$48.49 |
$34.76 |
$47.01 |
07/01/2016 |
09/30/2016 |
$68.52 |
$46.66 |
$68.52 |
10/03/2016 |
12/30/2016 |
$117.32 |
$65.35 |
$106.74 |
01/03/2017 |
03/31/2017 |
$119.13 |
$97.67 |
$108.93 |
04/03/2017 |
06/30/2017 |
$159.94 |
$95.49 |
$144.56 |
07/03/2017 |
09/29/2017 |
$187.55 |
$139.33 |
$178.77 |
10/02/2017 |
12/29/2017 |
$216.96 |
$179.00 |
$193.50 |
01/02/2018 |
03/29/2018 |
$250.48 |
$199.35 |
$231.59 |
04/02/2018 |
06/29/2018 |
$266.91 |
$214.25 |
$236.90 |
07/02/2018 |
09/28/2018 |
$283.70 |
$236.84 |
$281.02 |
10/01/2018* |
10/24/2018* |
$289.36 |
$199.41 |
$199.41 |
* As of the date of this preliminary terms supplement, available information for the fourth calendar quarter of 2018 includes data for the period from October 1, 2018 through October 24, 2018. Accordingly, the “Quarterly High,” “Quarterly Low” and “Quarterly Close” data indicated are for this shortened period only and do not reflect complete data for the fourth calendar quarter of 2018.
The graph below illustrates the performance of NVIDIA's common stock for the period indicated, based on information from Bloomberg. The solid line represents a hypothetical trigger level of $154.49, which is equal to 75.00% of an intra-day level on October 25, 2018. The actual trigger level will be based on the closing price of NVIDIA's common stock on the trade date. The historical performance of the underlying asset should not be taken as indication of the future performance of the underlying asset during the term of the Securities.
Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest); Secondary Markets (if any) |
We will agree to sell to UBS Securities LLC and UBS Securities LLC will agree to purchase, all of the Securities at the issue price to the public less the underwriting discount indicated on the cover of the final terms supplement, the document that will be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) containing the final pricing terms of the Securities. UBS Securities LLC will agree to resell all of the Securities to UBS Financial Services Inc. at a discount from the issue price to the public equal to the underwriting discount indicated on the cover of the final terms supplement. Conflicts of Interest - Each of UBS Securities LLC and UBS Financial Services Inc. is an affiliate of UBS and, as such, has a “conflict of interest” in this offering within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121. In addition, UBS will receive the net proceeds (excluding the underwriting discount) from the initial public offering of the Securities and, thus creates an additional conflict of interest within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121. Consequently, the offering is being conducted in compliance with the provisions of Rule 5121. Neither UBS Securities LLC nor UBS Financial Services Inc. is permitted to sell Securities in the offering to an account over which it exercises discretionary authority without the prior specific written approval of the account holder. UBS Securities LLC and its affiliates may offer to buy or sell the Securities in the secondary market (if any) at prices greater than UBS’ internal valuation - The value of the Securities at any time will vary based on many factors that cannot be predicted. However, the price (not including UBS Securities LLC’s or any affiliate’s customary bid-ask spreads) at which UBS Securities LLC or any affiliate would offer to buy or sell the Securities immediately after the trade date in the secondary market is expected to exceed the estimated initial value of the Securities as determined by reference to our internal pricing models. The amount of the excess will decline to zero on a straight line basis over a period ending no later than 3 months after the trade date, provided that UBS Securities LLC may shorten the period based on various factors, including the magnitude of purchases and other negotiated provisions with selling agents. Notwithstanding the foregoing, UBS Securities LLC and its affiliates are not required to make a market for the Securities and may stop making a market at any time. For more information about secondary market offers and the estimated initial value of the Securities, see “Key Risks - Fair value considerations” and “Key Risks - Limited or no secondary market and secondary market price considerations” on pages 4 and 5 of this preliminary terms supplement. Prohibition of Sales to EEA Retail Investors — The Securities are not intended to be offered, sold or otherwise made available to and should not be offered, sold or otherwise made available to any retail investor in the European Economic Area (“EEA”). For these purposes, a retail investor means a person who is one (or more) of: (i) a retail client as defined in point (11) of Article 4(1) of Directive 2014/65/EU, as amended (“MiFID II”); (ii) a customer within the meaning of Directive 2002/92/EC, as amended, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client as defined in point (10) of Article 4(1) of MiFID II; or (iii) not a qualified investor as defined in Directive 2003/71/EC, as amended. Consequently no key information document required by Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 (as amended, the “PRIIPs Regulation”) for offering or selling the Securities or otherwise making them available to retail investors in the EEA has been prepared and therefore offering or selling the Securities or otherwise making them available to any retail investor in the EEA may be unlawful under the PRIIPs Regulation.
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You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or provided in this preliminary terms supplement, the accompanying prospectus supplement, the product supplement or the accompanying prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. We are not making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this preliminary terms supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of the document.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preliminary Terms Supplement
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Use of Proceeds |
12 |
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Description of Debt Securities We May Offer |
13 |
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Description of Warrants We May Offer |
33 |
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Legal Ownership and Book-Entry Issuance |
48 |
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Considerations Relating to Indexed Securities |
53 |
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Considerations Relating to Securities Denominated or Payable in or Linked to a Non-U.S. Dollar Currency |
56 |
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U.S. Tax Considerations |
59 |
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Tax Considerations Under the Laws of Switzerland |
70 |
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Benefit Plan Investor Considerations |
72 |
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Plan of Distribution |
74 |
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Indicative Terms |
1 |
Conflicts of Interest |
76 |
Additional Information About UBS and the Securities |
3 |
Validity of the Securities |
77 |
Key Risks |
4 |
Experts |
77 |
Information About the Underlying Asset |
7 |
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NVIDIA Corporation |
7 |
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Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest); Secondary Markets (if any) |
9 |
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Prospectus Supplement
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Investment Description |
i |
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Features |
i |
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Security Offerings |
i |
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Additional Information About UBS and the Securities |
ii |
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Investor Suitability |
1 |
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Common Terms for Each Offering of the Securities |
2 |
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Investment Timeline |
3 |
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Key Risks |
4 |
$ •UBS AG Trigger Return Optimization Securities due on or about October 30, 2019 |
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Hypothetical Performance Scenarios |
9 |
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What are the Tax Consequences of the Securities ? |
11 |
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Information About the Underlying Asset |
14 |
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Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest); Secondary Markets (if any) |
15 |
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Annex A – Form of Final Terms Supplement |
A-2 |
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Annex B – UBS Equity Investor - Investment Guide |
B-2 |
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Product Supplement
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Product Supplement Summary |
PS-1 |
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Payment at Maturity for the Securities |
PS-2 |
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The Optimization Strategies Products |
PS-2 |
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Payment at Maturity for Return Optimization Securities |
PS-2 |
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Payment at Maturity for Trigger Return Optimization Securities |
PS-2 |
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Payment at Maturity for Buffered Return Optimization Securities |
PS-3 |
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Payment at Maturity for Airbag Return Optimization Securities |
PS-3 |
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The Performance Strategies Products |
PS-4 |
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Payment at Maturity for Performance Securities |
PS-4 |
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Payment at Maturity for Trigger Performance Securities |
PS-4 |
Preliminary Terms Supplement dated October 25, 2018 (To Prospectus Supplement dated May 2, 2016, Product Supplement dated May 2, 2016 and Prospectus dated April 29, 2016)
UBS Investment BankUBS Financial Services Inc. |
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Payment at Maturity for Airbag Performance Securities |
PS-5 |
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Defined Terms Relating to Payments at Maturity for the Securities |
PS-5 |
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Hypothetical Examples of How the Securities Perform |
PS-15 |
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Risk Factors |
PS-25 |
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General Terms of the Securities |
PS-42 |
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Payment at Maturity for the Securities |
PS-42 |
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The Optimization Strategies Products |
PS-43 |
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Payment at Maturity for Return Optimization Securities |
PS-43 |
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Payment at Maturity for Trigger Return Optimization Securities |
PS-43 |
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Payment at Maturity for Buffered Return Optimization Securities |
PS-44 |
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Payment at Maturity for Airbag Return Optimization Securities |
PS-44 |
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The Performance Strategies Products |
PS-45 |
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Payment at Maturity for Performance Securities |
PS-45 |
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Payment at Maturity for Trigger Performance Securities |
PS-45 |
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Payment at Maturity for Airbag Performance Securities |
PS-46 |
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Defined Terms Relating to Payments at Maturity for the Securities |
PS-46 |
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Market Disruption Events |
PS-49 |
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Antidilution Adjustments for Securities Linked to an Underlying Equity or Equity Basket Asset |
PS-52 |
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Reorganization Events for Securities Linked to an Underlying Equity or Equity Basket Asset |
PS-56 |
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Use of Proceeds and Hedging |
PS-65 |
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Supplemental U.S. Tax Considerations |
PS-66 |
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Certain ERISA Considerations |
PS-74 |
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Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest) |
PS-75 |
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Prospectus
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Introduction |
1 |
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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements |
4 |
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Incorporation of Information About UBS AG |
5 |
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Where You Can Find More Information |
6 |
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Presentation of Financial Information |
7 |
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Limitations on Enforcement of U.S. Laws Against UBS AG, Its Management and Others |
7 |
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UBS |
8 |
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Swiss Regulatory Powers |
11 |